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SectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage重点单词写作词汇1.climaten.气候2.floatvi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物3.crashvi.&
vt.碰撞；坠落4.gravityn.万有引力；重力5.pulln．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力拓展词汇6.gentleadj.温和的；文雅的→gentlyadv.温和地7.biologyn．生物学→biologistn．生物
学家8.exhaustvt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽→exhaustedadj.精疲力尽的阅读词汇9.lessenvi.&vt.减少；减轻10.weightlesslyadv.失重地11.spaceshipn.宇宙飞船1
2.extinctadj.灭绝的；绝种的13.cabinn.小屋；船舱重点短语1.blockout挡住(光线)2.getthehangof熟悉；掌握；理解3.watchoutfor密切注意；当心；提防4.dependon依靠5.cheerup感到高兴；感到振奋6.nowthat
既然7.breakout突发；爆发8.asaresultof由于……的原因重点句型1.as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...：Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus
,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullas(像……那样大的拉力)theearth’s.2.twiceas...as...:ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfaras(是……的两倍远)onthee
arthandfellover.3.nowthat引导原因状语从句：“Ohdear，”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthat(既然)gravityhaschanged.”Readthetextcar
efullyandthenchoosethebestanswer.1．Thepassagemainlytalksabout________．A．whatthemoonisB．myvisittothemoonC．thedifferencesbetweentheearthandthemo
onD．LiYanping,myfriend,whoisanastronomer2．Whycan’tthespaceshipfallbacktotheearth?A．Becausethemoon’sg
ravitypullsitup.B．Becauseitistoofarawayfromtheearth.C．Becausetheearthhasnogravity.D．Becausethespaceshipisnotveryheavy.3．WhenIwasonthemoonIfelt
Iwas________thanIamontheearth.A．slowerB．heavierC．clevererD．lighter4．Ifababyisgrowingonthemoon,whenhegrowsup,hewillgro
w________thanheisontheearth.A．tallerB．shorterC．fatterD．thinner答案：1－4.BBDA①名词visit后面习惯上与介词to搭配，意为“到……的旅行”。②haveachancetodosth.有机会做某事③makeatri
p(＝takeatrip/goonatrip)去旅行④spaceship/'speɪsʃɪp/n.宇宙飞船⑤explainsth.tosb.向某人解释某事⑥beoff离开，起飞。在本句中相当于takeoff。⑦pull[pʊl]n.&vt.拉(力
)；拖；牵引力⑧graduallyadv.逐渐地，逐步地，渐进地⑨lessen['lesn]vi.&vt.减少；减轻○10cheerup感到高兴；感到振奋⑪float[fləʊt]vi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮；
(使)飘动n.漂浮物⑫weightlessly['weItlIslI]adv.失重地⑬cabin['kæbIn]n.小屋；船舱⑭stepvi.迈步，踩踏，行走stepforward向前迈一步⑮fallover跌倒
⑯nowthat既然(引导原因状语从句)⑰getthehangof熟悉；掌握；理解⑱breakout突发；爆发⑲exhaustingadj.令人筋疲力尽的(指事物)exhaustedadj.筋疲力尽的(
指人)exhaustvt.用尽；耗尽；使筋疲力尽【核心素养链接】1961年4月12日莫斯科时间上午9时07分，苏联航天员加加林乘坐东方1号宇宙飞船，在最大高度为301公里的轨道上绕地球一周，完成了世界
上首次载人宇宙飞行任务，实现了人类进入太空的愿望。美国东部时间1969年7月20日下午4时17分，美国宇航员阿姆斯特朗将左脚小心翼翼地踏上了月球表面。这是人类第一次踏上月球。2003年10月15日北京时间9时整，中国航天员杨利伟乘坐由新型长征二号F捆
绑式火箭运载的神舟五号飞船首次进入太空，并于2003年10月16日6时23分返回。杨利伟是中国第一位飞天航天员。继杨利伟之后，费俊龙、聂海胜、翟志刚、刘伯明、景海鹏、刘旺、刘洋(女)、张晓光、王亚平(女)、陈冬均已搭乘神舟飞船飞入太空。AVISIT①TOTHEM
OONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachanceto②makeatrip③intospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemoon
inourspaceship④!Beforeweleft，LiYanpingexplainedtome⑤thattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthe
firstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff⑥.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryi
ngtoescapethepull⑦oftheearth’sgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother.Gradually⑧theweight
lessened⑨andIwasabletotalktohim.“Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktotheearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltothegr
ound.”Iasked.“Wearetoofarfromtheearthnowtofeelitspull，”heexplained，“sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgra
vitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearth’s．”Icheeredup⑩immediatelyandfloated⑪weightlessly⑫aroundinourspac
eshipcabin⑬watchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger．◆此处两个由that引导的宾语从句作explained的宾语，其中第一个that可以省略，第二个that不
可以省略。◆该句并非强调句，而是包含“so...that...”结构的句子，“so...that...”引导结果状语从句。◆此处包含了“too...to...”结构，表示“太……而不能……”。◆此处feelitsgr
avitypullingus属于“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补由现在分词充当，表示主动和动作正在进行。asstongapullastheearth’s为“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as”结构。◆watchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger为
现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中包含“watch＋宾语＋宾补”结构。Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.“Comeon，”Isaid.“Ifyouareright,myweig
htwillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyw
eighless！”Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostep⑭forward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheeartha
ndfellover⑮.“Ohdear，”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthat⑯gravityhaschanged．”AfterawhileIgotthehangof⑰itandwebega
ntoenjoyourselves.◆twiceasfaras意为“……的两倍远”，为“倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as”结构。◆此处walking作主语，does为助动词，用来加强语气，nowthat引导原因状语从句。Leavingthemoon’sgravitywa
snotaspainfulasleavingtheearth’s.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeout⑱ontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgr
avityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.“Thatwasveryexhausting⑲butveryexcitingt
oo，”Isaid.“NowIknowmuchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime？”“Ofcourse，”hesmiled，“whichstarwouldyouliketogoto？”◆v.ing短语“Le
avingthemoon’sgravity”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。◆本句中两个as引导的从句均为时间状语从句；形容词amazed作状语，表示主语“We”当时的感受。月球之旅我的朋友李彦平是一位宇航员，上个月我非常有幸得到同他一起去太空旅行的机会。我们乘宇宙飞船参观
了月球！起航前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的旅途中重力的影响会改变三次，第一次的改变将是最强烈的。随后我们就起航了。随着火箭升入空中，我们被推回到座位上，因为我们正在努力摆脱地球的引力。这种引力如此大以至于我们不能跟彼此说话。渐渐地这种力量慢慢减小，我能同他说话了。我问道：“为什么宇宙飞船
不会落回到地球上呢？在地球上，如果我从树上掉下去，我会落到地上的。”李彦平解释说：“现在我们离地球太远了，感觉不到地球的拉力，所以我们感觉好像完全没有引力似的。当我们更接近月球时，我们就会感觉到月球的引力在拉我们，但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那样
强。”我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。当我们到达月球时，我想立刻去探索。“快点儿，”我说，“要是你是正确的，我的体重就会比在地球上轻，因为月球比地球小，并且我能更加自由地活动了。如果我在月球上待的时间足够长
的话，我甚至可能长得更高，我肯定也会变得更轻！”我笑着从宇宙飞船的台阶上爬下来。但是当我努力向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”过了一会儿，我掌握了走
路的要领，接着我们开了始愉快地玩耍。摆脱月球引力不像摆脱地球的引力那样痛苦。但是返回到地球(的经历)是非常吓人的。我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层摩擦起火。当我们回到地面时，我们再次被重重地推到座位上。我说道
：“真是累人啊，但也很激动人心。关于引力，我现在就懂得更多了！你认为下次我们可以参观一些恒星吗？”“当然可以，”他笑着说，“你想到哪颗恒星上去呢？”crashvi.&vt.碰撞；坠落；破产n．相撞(事故)；(飞机的)坠落；坠落声
；撞击声(教材P29)Otherscientistsbelievethatacometcrashedintotheearthlongagoandcausedthedisappearance.其他的科学家们认为很久以前一颗彗星撞到地球上，这导致了(恐龙的)消失。(1)crashin/onto..
.撞到……里/上(2)aplane/carcrash飞机失事/汽车撞车事故①Alotofpassengerswerekilledinthetraincrash.许多旅客在火车相撞事故中丧生了。②Therewasaterribleplanecrash,andtheplanecrashedinto
theground.发生了一起严重的飞机坠毁事件，飞机坠落到了地面上。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①AsfarasIknow,hecrashed(crash)hiscarintoawalllastnight.[链接
写作]——完成句子②他是飞机坠毁中的唯一生还者。Hewastheonlyonetosurvivetheplanecrash.pulln．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力(教材P30)Astherocketroseintotheair,wew
erepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearth’sgravity.随着火箭升入太空，我们被推回到座位上，因为我们在努力挣脱地球的引力。pulloff脱(衣、帽等)pullthrough康复；
完成；使渡过难关pullin(火车)进站；(船)靠岸；驶向路边停靠pullup停车；停住pulldown拆毁①Ididn’tnoticethetrainhadalreadypulledin.我没有注意到火车已经进站了。②Thedriverpulledu
patthegateofourschool.司机把车停在我们校门口了。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Theoldhouseisdangerousandwillhavetobepulleddown．②Donaldpulledupattheredlightandwestop
pedbehindhim.③Luckily,thedoctorsaidthatmyfatherwasgoingtopullthrough．对比记忆push/pullcheerup感到高兴；感到振奋；(使)高兴；使振奋；振作(教材P31)Icheeredupimmediatelyan
dfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去
，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。(1)cheersb.on(赛跑比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油(2)cheerfuladj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的①WhenIfeelupset,mymothertellsmefunnystorie
stocheermeup.当我忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。②Wedidourbesttocheerhimonwhenhewasabouttogiveup.当他将要放弃时我们尽全力鼓励他。[
即学即练]——单句语法填空①Friendswillcheeryouonwhenyouareintrouble.②Sheissocheerful(cheer)thateveryonelikesher.[链接写作]——完成句子③我真心希望她
能振作起来，勇敢地接受生活的挑战！Idohopeshecancheerupandacceptthechallengeoflifebravely!breakout(战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等)突然发生；爆发(教材P31)Wewatched,amazedasfirebrok
eoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层摩擦起火。breakdown出故障；失败；垮掉；分解breakin破
门而入；打断(谈话等)breakinto强行闯入；突然……起来breakup解散；打碎；驱散①TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinSeptember，1939.第二次世界大战于1939年9月爆发。②Aquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthemwhenhetoldli
estoher.当他向她撒了谎时，两人吵了起来。[即学即练]——用break的相关短语填空①Herfriendscametohelpherwhenthewarbrokeout．②Hebrokeintotherooman
dstolemanyfamouspaintings.③ThecomputersystembrokedownsuddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.watchoutfor密切
注意；当心；提防，留意(经典例句)Watchoutforthehaze;itmaydogreatharmtous.当心这种雾霾天气，它可能对我们造成很大的损害。(1)watchout当心；小心watchover照看；看守keepawatchon注意；关注(2)looko
ut＝takecare＝becareful注意，当心①Iwatchoutforthem.我会小心照看它们。②Thepolicearekeepingawatchonhismovement.警方正密切注视着他的动向。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Ithinkyoushouldwatch
outforthatman—don’tbecheatedbyhim.②Itwasmydutytowatchoverthechildren.倍数表达法(教材P31)ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarri
edtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.但是当我努力向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。twiceasfaras...表示“是……的两倍远”，是倍数表达法
句型之一。英语里常见的倍数表达法有三种：(1)Ais＋倍数/分数/百分数＋as＋adj./adv.(原级)asB(2)Ais＋倍数/分数/百分数＋adj./adv.(比较级)thanB(3)Ais＋倍数/分数/百分数＋the＋n.(size/weight/length
/width等)ofB①Thenewroadisfourtimesaswideastheoldone.这条新公路是旧公路的四倍宽。②Theriveristhreetimeslongerthantheoneinourcity.＝Theriverisfourtimesthelengtho
ftheoneinourcity.这条河是我们城市那条河的四倍长。[链接写作]——一句多译正在修建的教学楼是那个教学楼的三倍高。①Theteachingbuildingbeingbuiltnowisthreetimesashighasthatone.②Theteachingbuildingbe
ingbuiltnowis_twicehigherthanthatone.③Theteachingbuildingbeingbuiltnowisthreetimestheheightofthatone.nowthat引导原因状语从句(教材P31)“O
hdear，”Icried，“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”nowthat“既然；由于”，是一个
连词词组，引导原因状语从句，在口语中常省略that。①NowthatIhavenothingtodo,Icanenjoymusicforalittlewhile.既然我无事可做，我可以享受一会儿音乐了。②Nowyouhavegro
wnup,youcanmakeupyourmindbyyourself.既然你已经长大了，你可以自己做决定了。[链接写作]——完成句子既然你的工作已经完成了，你最好休息一会儿。Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork,you’dbetterhavear
est.[学生用书P76]Ⅰ品句填词1．Therearelotsofcolorfulplasticbagsfloating(漂浮)onthelake,whichpollutethewater.2．“Don’tloseheart,Tony.Everythin
gwillbeallrightsoon，”saidMothergently(温和地)．3．Manycountriesareworkingtogethertodealwiththeproblemofclimate
(气候)change.4．Ashourswentby,thebearcub’smotherdidn’tappear,sothefishermencalledawildlifebiologist(生物学家)．5．S
tephenHawkingwasoneofthegreatestphysicists(物理学家)intheworld.6．Afteraboutanhourofbeingbeyondthepulloftheearth’sgravity(压力),Glennreportedthathefelt
verywell.7．Aplanecrashed(碰撞)ontoamountainandkilledmorethan70people.8．Chinaisthefifthcountryintheworldtodevelopandlaunch(发射)man-madesatelli
tes(卫星)independently.9．Robertpulled(拉，拖)theboxoutandfoundtheletterwasstillhiddeninit.10．Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundament
al(基本的)skilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.Ⅱ选词填空intime;givebirthto;blockout;accordingto;asaresultof;breakout;watchoutf
or;nowthat1．Nowthatyouhaveknownthetruth,Ineedn’ttellittoyou.2．Luckily,whenthefirebrokeout,noonewasinthekitchen.3．Youmustwatchoutforiceon
theroadinthewinter.4．Thedesignofthehouseisnotgood,becausethatwallblocksoutthesunlight.5．Asaresultofthedamagetot
heforests,partsofthecountryarenowshortofwater.6．Achildranacrosstheroadinfrontofmycar,butluckily,Istoppe
dmycarjustintime．7．Studentswillbeplacedintodifferentclassesaccordingtotheirpresentlanguageskills.8．TheGreenshaveaboyandMrs.Greengavebirthtoagirl
babylastweekend.Ⅲ完成句子1．他的新家是你家的两倍大。Hisnewhouseistwiceasbigasyours．2．他太累了，不想吃晚饭，所以他直接去睡觉了。Hewastootiredto
havesupper,sohewenttobeddirectly.3．他感觉有人在盯着他，这让他很紧张。Hefeltsomeonestaringathim,whichmadehimnervous.4．既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我
认为这个节日对你而言将是个有价值的经历。NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithoughtthisfestivalwouldbeaworthwhileexperienceforyou.5．这里的生活并不像看起来那么平静。Li
fehereisnotaspeacefulasitlooks.Ⅳ课文语法填空Lastmonth,LiYanpingandtheauthorvisitedthemoon1.byspaceship.Duringtheirjourneytothemoon,theforceofgravit
ychangedthreetimes,thefirstoneof2.whichwasthemostpowerful.Astherocketroseintotheair,thepulloftheearth’
sgravitywassohardthatthey3.werepushed(push)backintotheirseatsandcouldn’tsayanythingtoeachother.4.Gradually(gradual)
theweightlessenedandtheyweretoofarfromtheearth5.tofeel(feel)itspull.Thatwaswhythespaceshipdidn’tfallbacktotheearth.Whentheygotclosert
othemoon,theyfeltitsgravitypullingthem,6.butitwasn’tasstrongastheearth’s.Whentheylandedonthemoon,theirweightwas7.lighter(light)thanthatonth
eearthandtheauthorwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.However,theybegantoenjoy8.themselves(they)onthemoonafterawhile.Return
ingtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Theywereamazedasfirebrokeout9.ontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.Th
eyhopedtheywouldvisitsome10.stars(star)nexttime.[学生用书P129(单独成册)]Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthattheydoanimportantandnecessaryjob.2．Dorem
embertowatchoutforcarswhilecrossingthestreet.3．Whatmakesmepuzzled(puzzle)iswhyheleftthecountrywithouttellin
ganyone.4．Weliveinaglobal(globe)village,butthisdoesn’tmeanthatweallbehaveinthesameway.5．Thebiologist(biology)thinksthatso
meplantsinthisareaareindangerofextinction.6．Mostchildrenneedencouragementinthefaceoffailuresothattheycancheerupagain.7．Wedecidedtocutdownthet
reeinfrontofthewindowbecauseitblockedoutthesunlight.8．Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causing(cause)seriousflo
odsinseveralprovinces.9．Hearingtheexcitingnews,hewastooexcitedtosay(say)aword.10．Theboyoftenbreaksinwhilehispar
entsarespeaking.Ⅱ阅读理解AAnincreasingnumberofhares(野兔)havebeencausingsuchchaos(混乱)atMilan’scityairportthatoffi
cialshavedecidedtotakeimmediatemeasurestotryandcatchthem.LinateairportwillcloseforthreehoursonSundaywhile200wildlifeexpertsgoou
tontherunwaystocatchabout80hares.“Hareshavebeenactiveontherunwaysformonths,confusingthegroundradar(雷达),andenda
ngeringplaneslandingandtakingoff，”sayofficials.“Inthelasttwoweekshareshaveendedupbelowthewheelsoftwoplanes，”saidAlbe
rtoGrancini,theMilanprovinceofficialinchargeofhuntingandwildlife.“Theycouldhavecausedseriousaccidents.”TheMilanairport’sofficialssaidthattheharep
opulationatLinatehadgreatlyincreasedthisyearleadingtoseveralattemptstodrivethemawayfromtheairport.Unfortu
nately,thehareshaverefusedtoleave,sothedecisionhasbeenmadetoclosetheairportaltogethertotrytocatchthem.Theoperatio
nbeginsonSaturday,whenanareaof4squarekilometreswillbeclosedoffincludingtherunwaysandaircraftparkinga
reas.TheharehunterswillmoveinatthebeginningofthedayonSunday,catchingharesuntil8：00a．m.whenLinatewillreopen.Twelveflig
htswillhavetoberescheduledforlaterintheday.Thehareswillbetakentoprotectednaturereserves(保护区)intheMilanareaandwillbesetfree,inthehopethatthey
donotfindtheirwaybacktotheairport.Linate,whichisonly7kmfromthecentreofMilan,wasbuiltinthe1930s,andserve
dasthecity’smainairportuntilthemodernizationofMalpensa,50kmuptheroad.Linateismainlyusedbylowcostairlinessuchase
asyJet,aswellasbynationalcarrierssuchasAlitaliaandBritishAirways.【解题导语】本文是一则新闻报道。米兰利纳特机场饱受野兔骚扰之苦，不得不暂时关闭机场，将这些野兔逮住之后请出机场。1．WhatdoAlber
toGrancini’swordsmean?A．Harehuntingshouldbeencouraged.B．Haresarearealthreattoairplanes.C．Protectingharesisaworryingproblem.D．Harespayahighpricefo
rlivingattheairport.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Theycouldhavecausedseriousaccidents.可知，野兔给机场带来了很大的安全隐患。2．Whatcanwelearnabouttheair
port’searlierattemptstodrivetheharesaway?A．Brave.B．Creative.C．Dangerous.D．Fruitless.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Unfortunately,
thehareshaverefusedtoleave可知，先前驱赶野兔离开机场的做法没有效果。3．Howwilltheharesbedealtwith?A．Theywillbeinthechargeofwildlifeexperts
.B．Theywillhavetofindtheirownwayhome.C．Theywillbebroughttoaprotectedarea.D．TheywillbeforcedoutofMilan.C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Thehareswillbetake
ntoprotectednaturereserves(保护区)可知，被逮住的野兔会被带至保护区。4．Accordingtothelastparagraph,Linateairport________.A．is7kmawayfromMalpensaB．islesspopulartha
nbeforeC．isacenturyoldairportD．isadisusedairportB解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的servedasthecity’smainairportuntilthemodernizationof
Malpensa,50kmuptheroad可知，该机场曾是米兰市的主要机场，后来其重要地位被马尔本萨机场取代。BThereisgoodnewsforladies：Thetwohappiestyearsofyourlifemighthavegoneby,butthingswillnotbea
lwaysbadfromnowon.Womenaremostlikelytoreachthehighestpointofhappinessat85yearsold,accordingtoanewsurveybytheBritishNatio
nalHealthService(NHS)．Toknowpeople’slevelofhappiness,the12questionsurveyasked8，000Britishadultstorate(评估)theirlevelsofself-confidence,anxietyandslee
pquality.Throughthoseanswers,NHSresearchersgoteachadult’sgrade.Thegradeswerebetween0－12pointsandthosegettingfourorhigherwereconsideredmental
lyill.Thefinalfindingsshowthatwomenaremorelikelythanmentoreportseriousmentalhealthproblemsthroughouttheirlives,whichisasurprisingpatternfo
rresearchers.However,thatpossibilitydropsbythetimebothsexesreachtheireighties.Acloserlookattheresultsshowsthat
just14percentofwomenovertheageof85havementalhealthproblems.Twentyeightpercentofwomenaged16to24,18percentofwomenaged25to34,and24percentofwomenaged
45to54reporthavingmentalillness.Meanwhile,almostoneinfivemenaged85oroldergetsagradeshowingmentalhealthissues.Generallyspeaking,
it’spossiblethatwomenfeelunhappierthanmenbecausetheyoften“experiencethepressureofdomestic(家庭的)andcaringresponsibilities，”accordingtoK
ateLovett,deanoftheRoyalCollegeofPsychiatrists.Butthosenegativefeelingsmaydropinoldage,astheirchildrengro
wupandtheyaresetfreefrommanycare-takingduties,shetoldTheTimes.Still,your85thbirthdayseemslikealongwayoff.Don’
tworryaboutit.Therearealotofwaystobehappierregardlessofyourage,whicharewaitingforyoutofindthemoutandgivethematry.【解题导语】
本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，女性通常比男性更容易患精神疾病，但是随着年龄增长，男女患精神疾病的风险会有所变化。5．Whatwasthe12questionsurveydonefor?A．Helpingpeopleb
ecomehealthier.B．Learningaboutpeople’shappiness.C．Findingoutthesourcesofpeople’spressure.D．Encouragingpeopletobecomemoreconfide
nt.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Toknowpeople’slevelofhappiness...可知，做这个调查是为了了解人们的幸福感。6．Whatsurprisedtheresearchers?A．People
candevelopmentalillnessthroughouttheirlives.B．Menaregenerallybetteratdealingwithmentalillness.C．Womendon’tlikekeepingtheirmentalillnessasecret.D．Wom
enmorelikelysufferfromseriousmentalillness.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Thefinalfindingsshowthatwomenaremorelikelythanmentoreportseriousmentalhealthproblemsthrou
ghouttheirlives,whichisasurprisingpatternforresearchers.可知，令研究人员惊讶的是：女性比男性更容易患精神疾病。7．WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldKa
teLovettagreewith?A．Women’spressureismainlyfromfamily.B．It’sdifficultforwomentoavoidnegativefeelings.C．Womenshouldbesetfreefromcaringrespons
ibilities.D．Responsibilitiesathomemayreducewomen’sfeelingsofhappiness.D解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的Generallyspeaking,it’spossib
le...accordingtoKateLovett,deanoftheRoyalCollegeofPsychiatrists.可知，KateLovett认为女性在家里的责任减少了她们的幸福感。Ⅲ七选五Givingadviceisnotoneoftheeasiesttasks.You
canbeputunderalotofpressureespeciallyifyougenerallygivebadadvice.Withthesetips,you’llbeaprofessoratgivinggoodadvice!1．________Everysi
tuationisunique,soneverassume(以为)youknowallyouneedtoknowaboutaproblem.Listencarefullytothepersonwhowantsadvice,andlearnasmuchaspossibleaboutth
issituation.Putyourselfintheadvisee’sshoes.2.________Ifyou’vebeeninasimilarsituation,thinkaboutwhatyoulearned,butdon’trelysolelyonyo
urexperiencestogiveadvice—imaginethatyouaregivingyourselfadvicefortheuniquecircumstances(情况)thattheotherpersonisfacing.3．________Ify
oucanhaveafewhourstothinkabouttheproblemandpossiblesolutions,takethattimetoreallythinkabouteverypossiblesolution.Youcouldeventaketh
eopportunitytoasksomeonewho’smoreknowledgeableforadvice.Thinkabouttheresultsoftakingyouradviceandnottakingyouradvice.Ifthere’snoob
viousdifferencebetweentheresults,youradvicemightnotbebad,butit’snotusefuleither.4.________Behonest.Ifyouradvisedcourseo
factionhaspossibleproblems,tellthepersonaboutthem.5.________Yourgoalshouldnotbetoblindlyleadtheperson,butrathertohelphimorherma
keagooddecision,sodon’tactlikeasalesman.A．Listentothepersonaskingyouforadvice.B．Taketimetothinkabouttheissueify
oucan.C．Trytoimagineyourselfintheotherperson’ssituation.D．Understandthatthepersonmaynottakeyouradvice.E．Ifyouradviceleadstoaworse
result,youradviceprobablyisbad.F．Youcanneverbesurethatyouradviceisreallythebestforhimorher.G．Behonestaboutthisfactifyoudon’treall
yfeelknowledgeableenoughabouttheproblem.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。其实给别人提一些好的意见并不是一件容易的事情，那么怎样能让自己提一些好的意见呢？1．A解析：根据下文Listenca
refullytothepersonwhowantsadvice,andlearnasmuchaspossibleaboutthissituation.可知，要认真听听向你寻求意见的人的话。2．C解析：根据空前的Putyourselfintheadvisee’ssh
oes.可知，试着想象一下你处在别人的位置上是什么样。3．B解析：根据空后的Ifyoucanhaveafewhourstothinkabouttheproblemandpossiblesolutions,takethattimetoreallythinkaboutevery
possiblesolution.可知，如果可能的话花点时间想想这件事情。4．E解析：根据空前的Ifthere’snoobviousdifferencebetweentheresults,youradvicemightnotbebad,butit’snotusefuleither.可知，如果你的
意见会导致不好的结果，那么这个意见就不好。5．G解析：根据上文Behonest.可知，如果你对这种事情了解得不多，请说真话。
