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兰州一中2022-2023学年度第二学期3月月考高一英语试卷说明：本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。第一部分：听力测试(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题

1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Gooutf

orcoffee.B.workoutatthegym.C.Workwiththeman.2.WhereisLucyinthepicture?A.Inacinema.B.Inazoo.C.Onafarm.3.Whatdoesthemanplantodofirst?A.Readt

henovel.B.Havesomefood.C.Dohishomework.4.Whereprobablyarethespeakers?A.Atanairport.B.Atarailwaystation.C.Atapostoffice.5.Wha

tcoloristhewoman’stoothbrush?A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhatareMay’sles

sonsabout?A.Chineseculture.B.Chinesespeaking.C.Chinesecharacters.7.WhatdoesMaysayaboutherteacher?A.Hema

keslearningfun.B.Hetellshertobepatient.C.Hemakesthelessoneasy.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whydoesthemanwanttoborrowmoney?A.Topa

yforhisschoolfees.B.Tobuyamobilephone.C.Toprepareforajob.9.Howmuchmoneydoesthemanwanttoborrow?A.1500yuan.B.2000yuan.C.3500yuan.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.

Whatisthegirldoing?A.ReadingnewsontheInternet.B.Searchingfornewmovies.C.Readinganewspaper.11.Whatdothespeakerst

hinkofthemovie?A.Funny.B.Moving.C.Scary.12.Whenwillthespeakerswatchthemovie?A.OnJanuary4th.B.OnJanuary6th.C.OnJanuary18th.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whi

chisthehighestmountaininthisarea?A.MountKaren.B.MountHeather.C.MountBrown.14.Whatisthemostpopularactivityinthismountain?A.Skiing.B.Feedingdeer.C

.Watchingsmallanimals.15.Howistheweatherhereinsummer?A.Abitcold.B.Quitecool.C.Veryhot.16.Whatseasonisit?A.Winter.B.Autumn.C.Summer.听第10段材料，回答第17至2

0题。17.Whatisthespeaker’sjobnow?A.Asecretary.B.Adesigner.C.Abankclerk.18.Whendidthespeakergotocollege?A.

Attheageof29.B.Attheageof27.C.Attheageof25.19.Whatdidthespeakerdointhethirdyear?ASheworkedinaclothesstore.B

.Shelearnedtomakeclothes.C.Shelearnedaboutthepastdesigns..20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howtobeagooddesigner.B.H

owherdreamhascometrue.C.Howtochoosechildren’sclothes.第二部分单项选择(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)1.Manypeopleare________abou

tthecurrentpoliticalsituation.A.amazedB.afraidC.concernedD.confused【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多人关心目前的政治局势。A.amazed

惊奇的；B.afraid害怕的；C.concerned担心的，关心的；D.confused困惑的。此处考查形容词短语beconcernedabout，意为“关心……，担心……”，句中为系表结构。故选C项。2.Sheisplanningto__

______aspeechonvirtualreality.A.maintainB.confirmC.deliverD.replace【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她计划发表一个关于虚

拟现实的演讲。A.maintain维持，保持；B.confirm证实，确认；C.deliver发表；D.replace替换。根据空后“aspeech”可知，空处需用动词deliver，表示“发表演讲”。故选C。3.Shehasturneddownsev

eralinvitationsinorderto________onherstudies.A.crashB.benefitC.addictD.concentrate【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了集中精力学习，她拒绝了几次邀请。A.crash崩溃；B.

benefit使受益；C.addict使上瘾；D.concentrate使集中。由句意和on可知，此处表示“集中精力于”，应用固定搭配concentrateon，故选D。4.Youcan______th

esmallandunnoticeabledevicetoyourpetsothatyoucaneasilyfindit.A.conductB.attachC.pressD.draft【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以把这个小而不引人注意的

设备安装在你的宠物身上，这样你就可以很容易地找到它。A.conduct引导；B.attach附上；C.press压；D.draft起草。attach...to...附在……上，把……系在……。根据“sothatyoucaneasil

yfindit.”可知，把设备系在宠物的身上。故选B。5.Itissaidthattheworldwould________freshwaterin2050.A.runoutB.runoutofC.moveoutD.move

outof【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：据说，到2050年，世界将耗尽淡水。A.runout耗尽；B.runoutof用完，耗尽；C.moveout搬出去；D.moveoutof从……搬出去。由“freshwater”可知，句子表示“到2050年，世界将耗尽淡水”，runou

tofsth.意为“某人用完某物”及物动词，runout的主语应该是物，不及物动词。故选B。6.—ZhenHewasaMingdynasty______thatweChinesepeopleareproudof.—Iagreewithyou.Heev

ensucceeded______sailingtotheeastcoastofAfrica.A.tourist;toB.philosopher;inC.inventor;toD.explorer;in【答案】D【解析】【详解】

考查名词词义辨析和介词。句意：——郑和是我们中国人引以为傲的明朝探险家。——我同意你的看法。他甚至成功地航行到了非洲东海岸。A.tourist;to游客，到；B.philosopher;in哲学家，在……中；C.inventor;to发明家，到；D.explorer;in探险家，在……中。结合语

意以及常识，郑和航行到了非洲东海岸，他是一位探险家，所以第一空应用名词explorer，succeedindoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“成功做某事”，所以第二空应用介词in。故选D项。7.A________method

istopreparewellforthefinal-termexaminationwithoutcomplaints.A.shallowB.virtualC.fancyD.sensible【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：明智的方法是好好准备期末

考试，不要抱怨。A.shallow浅的；B.virtual虚拟的；C.fancy精致的；D.sensible明智的。根据“topreparewellforthefinal-termexaminationwithoutcomplaints”可知，此处是指明智的方法。故选D。8.Noonewasin

juredinthelandslide,butseveralcarswere________.A.damagedB.eruptedC.suppliedD.delivered【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人在滑坡中受伤，但有几辆汽

车受损。A.damaged损害；B.erupted喷发，爆发；C.supplied供应；D.delivered发表，运送。根据but表示的转折意义可知，没有人受伤，但是有车辆受损，故选A。9.Aftertheearthquake,thefirstthing

thelocalgovernmentdidwastoprovide________forthehomelessfamilies.A.occupationB.accommodationC.regionD.platform【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：地震后，当地政府

做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A.occupation职业；B.accommodation住宿；C.region地区；D.platform平台。结合后文“forthehomelessfamili

es”可知是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。故选B。10.Youcan________themagazineforaslittleas$32ayear.A.writedownB.lookthroughC.subscribetoD.pickup【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析

。句意：你每年只需花32美元就可以订阅这本杂志。A.writedown写下；B.lookthrough浏览；C.subscribeto订阅；D.pickup捡起。分析句子，此处表示“订阅”用subscribeto。故

选C。第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABestAppsforHighSchoolStudentsEducationalAppStorehasi

dentifiedthebestappsforhighschoolstudentstohelpthemstudyandsavetheirtimeintheclassroom.StudyBlueStudyBlueisabrilliantappwhichusestechnologytohe

lphighschoolstudentsandmakeleaninganeasyprocess.Itisanamazingwaytocreatesmartnotes/cards,shareandlearnthem.Asoneofthebesteducationalapps,

itallowsstudentstomakecardsofwhatevertopictheywant,helpingthemstudyanywherewithoutcarryinganymaterialswiththem.MyStudyLifeDesignedforhighsc

hoolstudents,thisappletsyoubuildyourowntimetabletoeasilykeeptrackofyourclasses,assignmentsandexams.Itletsy

ouassign(布置)taskstospecificclassesandcomeswithreminderssoyoudon’tforgetathing!Plus,itcomeswithdayandweektimetables,soyoucane

asilypopinthoseclassesthatyouonlyhaveeveryotherweek.MyHomeworkPlannerMyHomeworkPlannercanhelpyoukeeptrackofallyo

urhomework.Sortingitbyduedate,weekandmonth,theappismoreorganizedthanaTrapperKeeper.BymeansofQuestia,theworld’slarge

stonlinelibrary,youcanconnectyourreadingmaterialstoyourassignmentssoyoudon’thavetodigthroughapileofpaperstofindtherightin

formation.SocrativeStudentThisappoffersaninteractiveenvironmentforstudentsandteacherstosharetheirlearning.Teacherscanaskquest

ionsandmakecommentswithreal-timedatawhenusing,whichmakesitmoreengagingforstudents.Showingcomprehensionoftheirrea

dingcanoccurstraightthroughtheirhandhelddevice,andtheyareabletoreceivefeedbackquickly.Ifyouareinterestedintheseapps,clickheretofi

ndmore.11.WhatdoesMyStudyLifehaveincommonwithMyHomeworkPlanner?A.Botharehelpfulwithassignments.B.Botharedesignedtodealwith

exams.C.Bothareequippedwithareminder.D.BothareconnectedwithQuestia.12.Whichappfocusesonbothteens’andteachers’involvement?A.StudyBlueB.MyHomew

orkPlannerC.SocrativeStudentD.MyStudyLife13.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Abrochure.B.Awebsite.C.Aguidebook.D.Amagaz

ine.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了能帮助高中学生的四个最好的APP。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据“MyStudyLife”部分的“Designedforhighscho

olstudents,thisappletsyoubuildyourowntimetabletoeasilykeeptrackofyourclasses,assignmentsandexams.(这个app是为高中生设计的，能够让你建立自己的时间清单来轻松地跟踪你的课程、作业和考试

)”以及“MyHomeworkPlanner”部分的“BymeansofQuestia,theworld’slargestonlinelibrary,youcanconnectyourreadingmateri

alstoyourassignmentssoyoudon’thavetodigthroughapileofpaperstofindtherightinformation.(通过世界上最大的线上图书馆Questia，你可以把阅读材料和

你的作业连接，这样的话不用阅读一大堆材料才能找到合适的信息)”可知，两个APP的共同之处就是都对作业有利，故选A项。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据“SocrativeStudent”部分的“Thisappoffersaninterac

tiveenvironmentforstudentsandteacherstosharetheirlearning(这个app提供互动环境，使得学生能够交流他们的学习)”可知这个APP专注于师生共同参与学习，故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Ifyo

uareinterestedintheseapps,clickheretofindmore.(如果你对这些APP感兴趣，点击这里获取更多信息)”推知，本文选自网站，故选B项。BNaminghurricaneNewresearchfromtheUniversityofIllinoisfind

sthathurricaneswithfemalenamesarelikelytocausemoredeathsthanthosewithmalenames.Thestudyexaminedover60

yearsofhurricaneswhichhittheUS.Theresultsshowedtherewerehigherdeathtolls,onaverage,whenthehurricanesweregivenafemalename.Thiswasn’tbecause

female-namedhurricaneswereanymoresevere;ratherthatpeople’sbehaviorchanged.SharonShavitt,oneoftheauthorsofthereport,explained:“Injudgingth

eintensityofastorm,peopleappeartobeapplyingtheirbeliefsabouthowmenandwomenbehave.Thismakesafemale-namedhurricane,suchasBe

lleorCandy,seemgentledandlessviolent.”Peopleunconsciouslysaytothemselves:howcouldIbekilledbyahurricanecalledCandy?Infact,hurricanesarenamed

arbitrarily,andthenamestellyounothingabouttheseverityofthestorm.But,ifpeopleinthepathofthestormarelettingi

tsnameaffectwhethertheytakeshelter,whatwecallitmaymattermorethanwethink.Havingsearchedthroughtherecords,theresearc

hersreturnedtothelabtotesttheirfindingexperimentally.Peopleweregivenaseriesofhypotheticalstormswithmaleandfemalenamesandaskedtomakejudgmentsaboutth

eirintensityandtherisktheyfaced.Theresultsshowedthatpeopleoftenregardedmale-namedhurricanes,likeHurricaneChristopherorHurricane

Victorasmoreintenseandriskierthanthefemale-namedones,likeHurricaneAlexandraandHurricaneChrist.Shavittconti

nued,“Peopleimagininga‘female’hurricanewerenotaswillingtoseekshelter.Thefixedideasthatunderliethesejudgmentsaresubtleandnotnecessarilyhostil

etowardwomen—theymayinvolveviewingwomenaswarmerandlessaggressivethanmen.”Thefactisthatuntilthelate1970s,hurric

aneswerealwaysgivenfemalenames,astheywerethoughttorepresentwomen’squalitieslikeunpredictability.Thispractice—andthesexistreasoni

ngbehindit—wasrightlyabandonedinfavourofchoosingbetweenmaleandfemale.Strangely,though,whatwe’velearntisthatwe’dbebetteroffnamingallhurricanesaft

ermentotakeadvantageofpeople’sfixedviews.Theresearchersestimatethatchangingaseverehurricane’snamefrom“Eloise”to“Charles”couldpotentiallycutthede

athtollbyone-third.Perhapsthenamingofhurricaneisonespecificsituationwhereweshouldn’tworryaboutbeings

exist,ifbeingalittlesexistisgoingtosavelives.14.Hurricaneswithfemalenamesarelikelytocausemoredeathsbecause________.A.malenamedhurricanesarenotterribl

eB.female-namedhurricanesaremoresevereC.peoplethinkthefemale-namedhurricanesarenotsevereD.peopleprefertochallengethemale-namedhurricanes15.Theunderli

nedword“arbitrarily”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A.forhumorB.onpurposeC.bychanceD.inturn16.Accordingtothepassa

ge,whichnamecanpossiblycutthedeathtoll?AEloise.B.Candy.C.Christina.D.Charles.17.Itcanbeinferredfromthepas

sagethat________.A.futurehurricane’swillbenamedaftermenmoreoftenB.beingsexistinnaminghurricane’shelpssavelivesC.sexisminnaminghurricane’

swillbebannedD.rulesofnaminghurricanewillbechanged【答案】14.C15.C16.D17.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了飓风的命名与飓风风暴强度之间的关系，以及有可能引起的性别

歧视问题。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thiswasn’tbecausefemale-namedhurricaneswereanymoresevere;ratherthatpeople’sbehaviorchanged.(这并不是因

为女性命名的飓风更严重；而是人们的行为改变了)”以及第二段“Peopleunconsciouslysaytothemselves:howcouldIbekilledbyahurricanecalledCandy?(人们无意

识地对自己说：我怎么会被一个叫糖果的飓风杀死呢？)”可知，女性名字的飓风造成更多地死亡不是因为女性命名的飓风更严重，而是因为人们误解了这种飓风的严重程度，认为它不严重，因此导致更多地死亡。故选C。【15题详解】.词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Peopleunconsciouslysayto

themselves:howcouldIbekilledbyahurricanecalledcandy?(人们不知不觉地对自己说：我怎么会被一个叫糖果的飓风杀死呢？)”及下文“andthenamestellyounothingabouttheseverityofthestor

m.(这些名字并不能告诉你风暴的严重程度)”可知，人们因为飓风的名字是糖果，而对其严重程度产生误解，实际上名字与飓风的严重程度无关。由此可知，飓风的名字是随机命名的。由此推知，划线单词arbitrarily与bychance“偶然”意思接近。故选C。【16题详解】细

节理解题。根据最后一段“Theresearchersestimatethatchangingaseverehurricane’snamefrom“Eloise”to“Charles”couldpotentiall

ycutthedeathtollbyone-third.(研究人员估计，将一场严重飓风的名字从“埃洛伊塞”改为“查尔斯”可能会使死亡人数减少三分之一)”可知，以男性命名的飓风可能会使死亡人数减少三分之一。故选D。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Perhapsthenam

ingofhurricaneisonespecificsituationwhereweshouldn’tworryaboutbeingsexist,ifbeingalittlesexistisgoingtosavelives.(也许飓风的命名是一种我们不应该担心性别歧视的具体

情况，如果稍微性别歧视就能拯救生命的话)”可知，飓风的命名是特殊情况，如果这样稍微的性别歧视能挽救更多生命，还是可以接受的。故选B。CInlessthan2months,theartificialintelligence(AI)programChatGPThasbecomeacultu

ralsensation(轰动).ChatGPTisdevelopedwithatechniquecalledReinforcement(增强)LearningfromHumanFeedbacktotrainthelanguagemodel,enablingit

toautomaticallycreatetextbasedonwrittenprompts(提示).IaskedittorewritethefirstsceneoftheclassicAmericanplayDe

athofaSalesman.Theoutput(输出)wasanamusingconversation.Thisiscertainlyfun,butthereareseriousimplicationsforgenerativeAIprog

ramslikeChatGPTinscienceandacademia.ManyconcernsrelatetohowChatGPTwillchangeeducation.Itcertainlycanwriteessaysaboutarangeoftop

ics.Igaveitbothanexamandafinalproject.Itdidwellfindingfactualanswers,butthescholarlywritingstillhasalongwaytogo.Ifanything,theimplicationsforeducat

ionmaypushacademics(高校科研人员)torethinktheircoursesincreativewaysandgiveassignmentsthataren’teasilysolved

byAI.Thatcouldbeforthebest.MoreworrisomearetheeffectsofChatGPTonwritingscientificpapers.InarecentstudyabstractscreatedbyChatGPTweresub

mittedtoacademicreviewers,whoonlycaught63%ofthesefakes.That’salotofAI-generatedtextthatcouldfinditswayintotheliteraturesoon.Thetextwr

ittenbyChatGPTisnotacceptable.AnAIprogramcannotbeanauthor.Still,accordingtoEditorialPolicies,textgeneratedbyChatGPT(oranyotherAItools

)cannotbeusedinthework,norcanfigures,images,orgraphicsbetheproductsofsuchtools.Breakingthesepolicieswillbeconsideredscientificmisco

nduct(学术不端)nodifferentfromplagiarism(剽窃)ofexistingworks.Thescientificrecordisoneofthehumaneffortsofstrugglingwithim

portantquestionsintheend.Machinesplayanimportantrole,butastoolsforthepeoplegivingthehypotheses(假设),designingtheexp

erimentsandmakingsenseof(理解)theresults.Finally,theproductmustcomefromandbeexpressedbythewonderfulcomputerinourheads.18.Whatdoes

theunderlinedword“implications”probablymeaninParagraph1?A.Competitions.B.Events.C.Limitations.D.Effects.19.WhatcouldbeChatGPT’sb

enefitforeducation,ifany?A.Itcouldhelpbetterthescholarlywriting.B.Itcouldwriteessaysaboutvarietiesoftopics.C.

Itcouldbeusedtodesigndifficultassignments.D.Itcouldpushacademicstomakeimprovements.20.WhatcanbeinferredaboutChatGPT?A.Itiswelcomedbyacademics.B.It

maycausescientificmisconduct(学术不端).C.Itisbasicallyuselessforscientificresearch.D.Itworksgreatlytotheadvantageofeducation.21.Whichcanbeas

uitabletitleforthetext?A.ChatGPTIsFun,ButNotanAuthorB.ChatGPTHasBecomeaCulturalSensationC.ChatGPTWillChangeOurWayofEduca

tionD.ChatGPTPlaysanImportantRoleinScience【答案】18.D19.D20.B21.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是人工智能程序ChatGPT的优点和缺点。【18题详解

】词句猜测题。根据第一段的“ChatGPTisdevelopedwithatechniquecalledReinforcement(增强)LearningfromHumanFeedbacktotrainthelanguagemodel,enablin

gittoautomaticallycreatetextbasedonwrittenprompts(提示).(ChatGPT使用一种名为“从人类反馈中强化学习”的技术来开发，以训练语言模型，使其能够根据书面提示自动创建文本。)”可知，像ChatGPT这样的生成式人工智能程

序在科学和学术界有着严重的影响，划线词implications意为“影响”，和effects意思相近，故选D。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ifanything,theimplicationsforeducationmaypushacademic

s(高校科研人员)torethinktheircoursesincreativewaysandgiveassignmentsthataren’teasilysolvedbyAI.Thatcouldbeforthebest.(如果说有什么影响的话，那就是它对教育的影响可能会促使学者

们以创造性的方式重新思考他们的课程，并布置那些人工智能不容易解决的作业。那可能是最好的结果。)”可知，ChatGPT对教育的好处是它可以推动学术界做出改进。故选D。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“ThetextwrittenbyChatGPTisnotaccep

table.AnAIprogramcannotbeanauthor.Still,accordingtoEditorialPolicies,textgeneratedbyChatGPT(oranyotherAItools)cannotbeusedinthework,norcanfig

ures,images,orgraphicsbetheproductsofsuchtools.Breakingthesepolicieswillbeconsideredscientificmisconduct(学术不端)nodifferentfromplagia

rism(剽窃)ofexistingworks.(不接受ChatGPT编写的文本。人工智能程序不能是作者。不过，根据编辑政策，由ChatGPT（或任何其他人工智能工具）生成的文本不能用于作品中，图形、图像或图

形也不能是这些工具的产品。违反这些政策将被视为学术不端行为，与剽窃现有作品没有区别。)”可知，它可能导致学术不端行为，故选B。【21题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Inlessthan2months,thearti

ficialintelligence(AI)programChatGPThasbecomeaculturalsensation(轰动).(在不到两个月的时间里，人工智能程序ChatGPT已经成为一种文化轰动。)”和“Thisiscertainlyfun,buttherear

eseriousimplicationsforgenerativeAIprogramslikeChatGPTinscienceandacademia.(这当然很有趣，但对于像ChatGPT这样的生成式人工智能程序在科学和学术界有着严重的影响。)”和

倒数第二段的“ThetextwrittenbyChatGPTisnotacceptable.AnAIprogramcannotbeanauthor.(不接受ChatGPT编写的文本。人工智能程序不能是作者。)”可知，本文主要讲的

是人工智能程序ChatGPT的优点和缺点，A选项“ChatGPTIsFun,ButNotanAuthor(ChatGPT很有趣，但不是作者)”既说明了这个程序的优点，也说明了缺陷，因此可作为标题，故选A。DThereishot,

andthenthereishot!Extremeheatisaperiodofhighheatandhumidity(湿度)withtemperaturesabove90degreesFahrenheitforatleasttwotothreedays.Extremeheat

isresponsibleforthehighestnumberofannualdeathsamongallweather-relatedhazards(危害).It’snotyourimagination.Summershavebeengett

inghotterandhotterwithextremeheatwavesoccurringearlierandmorefrequently.Butwhyisthishappeningandcanwebetterpredictheatwavesinadv

ancetogivepeopletimetoprepare?“Climatechangeishereandit’salreadybeenchanginghumanbehaviorandcausingsi

gnificantinfluenceinthesociety.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,historicallyexcessive(过高的)temperaturesaremorelikelytooccur.”sa

ysCraigRamseyer,anassistantprofessorwhostudiesclimatemodelinginthedepartmentofgeographyatVirginiaTech.Ramseyersaysheatwavesarethemostconcerningbec

auseofthelackofattentiontheynormallyreceive.“Hurricanes,tornadoes,andflashfloodsdrivemoremediaattentionbecauseofthenaturalattract

ionwiththevisualimpactofthosetypesofhazards.However,heatdoesnottendtobeasattractiveanditbecomesverydifficulttocommunicatetheda

ngertothepublic,”saidRamseyer.“Aroundtheworld,moredeathsoccurduetoextremeheatthanfromhurricanes,flooding,anddroughtco

mbined.Itimpactsthemosthelplessofourcitizenswhodonothaveenoughaccesstoairconditioning,water,andotherimportantresources.”Sinceth

eEarthisrunningwarmerthanitusedto,Ramseyersaysthatwhentheseheatwave-relatedweatherpatternstakeplace,itresultsinhigherextremetemperaturest

hanweusedtoexperience30yearsago.“Asaglobalcommunity,weneedtodecreasecarbonemissionsassoonaspossible.Weha

verapidlydevelopingtechnologiesthataregoingtohelpadvancetheprocess,butthefasterthebetter,thereisnotimetowaste.”22.Whatcanwelearnfrom

thearticle?A.ExtremeheatisaNo.1deathcause.B.Peoplearesufferingmoreextremeheat.C.A100-degreeheatisanextremeheat.D.Extremehea

tisgettingbetterovertheyears.23.WhatwillRamseyerpossiblyagreewith?A.Climatechangewillsoonaffecthuman

behaviors.B.Hightemperatureshappenedfrequentlyinhistory.C.Airconditioningandwatercanreducetheimpactsofextremeheatonpeople.D.Garbagesorting

canlessadvancetheclimatechange.24.Whyisextremeheatlackofattention?A.Extremeheatcanbestoppedbytechnology.B.

Peoplehaveenoughtimetosolvetheclimateproblems.C.Itisnoteasyforthepublictolearnthedangerofextremeheat.D.Heatwave-rel

atedweatherpatternswilldecreaseinthefuture.25.What’sthearticlemainlyabout?A.Complaintsaboutextremeheat.

B.Preventionofextremeheat.C.Charactersofextremeheat.D.Technologiesbehindextremeheat.【答案】22.B23.C24.C25.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介

绍了极端高温越来越频繁，并且造成大量人员死亡，但是得不到应有的关注，最后作者呼吁全球尽快减少碳排放。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Summershavebeengettinghotterandhotterwithextremeheatwavesoccurringearlieran

dmorefrequently.(夏天越来越热，极端热浪出现的时间越来越早，也越来越频繁)”可推知，人们正在遭受更多的极端高温。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Aroundtheworld,mor

edeathsoccurduetoextremeheatthanfromhurricanes,flooding,anddroughtcombined.Itimpactsthemosthelplessofourcitizenswhod

onothaveenoughaccesstoairconditioning,water,andotherimportantresources.(在世界各地，极端高温造成的死亡人数比飓风、洪水和干旱造成的死亡人数加起来还要多。它影响到我们公民中最无助的人，他们没

有足够的空调、水和其他重要资源。)”可推知，拉姆齐耶认为空调和水可以减少极端高温给人们带来的影响。故选C项。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句开始“Hurricanes,tornadoes,and

flashfloodsdrivemoremediaattentionbecauseofthenaturalattractionwiththevisualimpactofthosetypesofhazards.However,heatdoesnottendtobea

sattractiveanditbecomesverydifficulttocommunicatethedangertothepublic,(飓风、龙卷风和山洪暴发吸引了更多媒体的关注，因为这些类型的灾

害具有自然吸引力和视觉冲击。然而，炎热往往没有那么吸引人，向公众传达危险变得非常困难)”可知，相对于极端高温天气，飓风、龙卷风和山洪暴发更为公众关注，对于极端高温天气造成的危险，不容易传达给公众，导致公众对极端高温天气缺乏关注。故选C项。【25题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结

合第一段中“Extremeheatisresponsibleforthehighestnumberofannualdeathsamongallweather-relatedhazards.(在所有与天气有关的危害中，极端高温每年造成的死亡人数最高

)”，以及最后一段“Asaglobalcommunity,weneedtodecreasecarbonemissionsassoonaspossible.Wehaverapidlydevelopingtechnolog

iesthataregoingtohelpadvancetheprocess,butthefasterthebetter,thereisnotimetowaste.(作为一个全球社会，我们需要尽快减少碳排放。我们有快速发展的技术，将有助于推进这一进程，但越

快越好，没有时间可以浪费。)”可知，作者在文中介绍了极端高温造成的危害，并呼吁国际社会采取措施应对这一自然灾害，所以“Preventionofextremeheat.(预防极端高温)”是本文主旨。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选

项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You'veprobablynoticedthatnewemojishowuponyourphoneeveryyear.____26____Thisyeari

snodifferent.IfyouhaveanAndroiddevice,youmayhaveusedanewemojisuchasameltingface.Otherdevices,suchasAppleproducts,willha

vethesenowemojisoon.TheupdatescomefromaCalifornia-basednonprofitcalledUnicodeConsortium.Eachyear.theemojicommitteereleases(发布)newemojithatwill

updatetheexistingkeyboard._____27_____“It'simportantforpeopletounderstandthatwe'renotinventinglanguageandthatit'sreallythepeoplewh

ocreateitandareinventive,”saysJenniferDaniel,chairofthecommittee._____28_____Hecreatedemojibecausethemobilephonecompanywhereheworkedoffered

emailcommunicationsthatwerelimitedto250charactersandemojiareonlyonecharactereachbutcanbeusedtosaymore.Emojihavesincebecomep

opulararoundtheworld.Anyoneisallowedtomakeaproposalforanewemoji.Unicodegetproposalsinlotsofdifferentlanguagesfromaroundtheworld.Iftheproposalisstr

ongenough,Unicodewillacceptit____29____Theprocessdoesnotsimplyinvolvecomingupwithsomethingthatdoesn'thaveanemojirepresentingit.A

nemojiideahastomeetcertaincriteria(标准).Thesecriteriaincludeitsuniqueness,whetheritcanbeusedwithexisting

emojiandwhetheritcanhavelotsofmeanings.____30____Youcanpairitwithmanyotheremojitoexpresshowyouarefeeling.Additionally,this

emojihasadoptedmanymeanings.A.Thekeyboardhasacquiredmorethan3.600emojicharacters.B.Emojiaren'ttiedtoany

languageoranyregionoftheworld.C.Butit'snottheorganizationcomingupwiththesenewcharacters.D.Anditcantakeup

totwoyearstocreateandreleasethenewemoji.E.The“tearsofjoy”emoji,forexample,isspecialandeasytoidentify.F.T

hefirstemojikeyboardwascreatedbythedesignerShigetakeKurita.G.Forexample,theninjaemojiwasintroducedin2020,ortheyawni

ngfacein2019.【答案】26.G27.C28.F29.D30.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了手机表情符号，以及它被发明创造的过程和起源。【26题详解】上文“You'veprobablynoticedthatnewemoj

ishowuponyourphoneeveryyear.”（你可能已经注意到，手机上每年都会出现新的表情符号。）引出话题，提到表情符号。下文“Thisyearisnodifferent.”（今年也不例外

。）说明今年也出现了很多表情符号。故可推知空格处内容与此相关，结合选项G项Forexample,theninjaemojiwasintroducedin2020,ortheyawningfacein20

19.（例如，忍者表情符号是在2020年推出的，打哈欠表情符号是在2019年推出的。）为上文内容的具体举例说明，也是引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选G项。【27题详解】上文“Eachyear,theemojicommitteereleasesnewemojitha

twillupdatetheexistingkeyboard.”（表情符号委员会每年都会发布新的表情符号来更新现有的键盘。）提到每年都会发布新的表情符号来更新现有的键盘。下文“It'simportantforpeopletounderstandthatwe'renotinventin

glanguageandthatit'sreallythepeoplewhocreateitandareinventive,”saysJenniferDaniel,chairofthecommittee.”（该委员会主席詹妮弗•丹尼尔(JenniferDaniel)表示：“重要的是，要让人们

明白，语言不是我们发明的，真正创造语言的是人们，而且他们很有创造力。”）提到语言不是我们发明的，真正创造语言的是人们。和上文意思形成转折，故可推断空格处内容为和上文内容的语意转折。结合选项C项Butit'snottheorganizationcomingup

withthesenewcharacters.（但并不是这个组织想出了这些新角色。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【28题详解】根据下文“Hecreatedemojibecausethemobilephonecompanywhereheworked

offeredemailcommunicationsthatwerelimitedto250charactersandemojiareonlyonecharactereachbutcanbeusedtosaymore.”（他创造了表情符号，因为他工作的移动电话公司提供的电子邮件通信仅

限于250个字符，而表情符号每个只有一个字符，但可以用来表达更多的意思。）可知，讲的是具体某人创造了表情符号。结合选项F项ThefirstemojikeyboardwascreatedbythedesignerShigetakeKurita.（第一个表情键盘是由设计师栗田重武(Shig

etakeKurita)发明的。）可知，和下文内容相关，下文中的He指的就是该句中提到的人物ShigetakeKurita。下文是空格处内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。【29题详解】根据上文“Anyoneisallowedto

makeaproposalforanewemoji.”（任何人都可以为新的表情符号提出建议。）提到新的表情符号。结合选项D项Anditcantakeuptotwoyearstocreateandreleasethenewemoji.（新表情符号的创建和发布可能需要两年的时间。）也

是讲的新表情符号相关的内容，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【30题详解】上文“Thesecriteriaincludeitsuniqueness,whetheritcanbeusedwithexistingemojiandwhetheritcanhavelotsof

meanings.”（这些标准包括它的独特性，它是否可以与现有的表情符号一起使用，以及它是否有很多含义。）说明这些标准包括它的独特性。下文“Youcanpairitwithmanyotheremojitoexpresshowyouarefeeling.”（你可

以将它与许多其他表情符号搭配来表达你的感受。）可知，讲的是与许多其他表情符号搭配使用。故可推断空格处内容为具体介绍的例子。结合选项E项The“tearsofjoy”emoji,forexample,isspecialandeasytoidentify

.（例如，“喜极而泣”的表情符号很特别，也很容易识别。）符合此推断，为具体介绍一个表情符号的特点，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选E项。第四部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面

短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mydaughterhasbeencrazyaboutraisingapetforalongtime.LastspringIboughttwosmallchi

ckensforher.Shegotexcitedand____31____goodcareofthem.____32____afewdayslater,bothchickensdied.Sheburstintotearsbecauseoftheir____33____.Ihelpedhe

rburythetwochickensunderatreebehindourhouse.Ithoughtitwouldbetheendofheridea.However,Iwas____34____.Childrenarechildrenafterall.The____35____hasn’t

upsetmydaughterin____36____way.Shestilltriedtokeepasmallanimalorevenasnail.Onedaylastwinter,Inoticeda____37____ofsparrows(麻雀)und

ertheeaves(屋檐)ofthehouse.SoItoldmydaughtertoputsomericeonthewindowsill(窗台).Afewminutes____38____,thesparrowscametolandonthewindowsilloneafteranot

herandpecked(啄)atthe____39____.Suddenlymydaughteraskedme,“Mum,canwecatchandcage(圈养)thesparrows,andletthemlivewithusintheroom?Howcolditisforth

emtolive____40____.”“Oh,mydear,Idonotthinkitisagoodidea.Youknow,”I____41____toher.“____42____isimportantforsparrows.Noonecankeepthem

inacage.Iftheyare____43____,theywilldiequickly.Theyareusedtolivingintheopenair.Moreover,theyhavewarmnestsundertheeaves.”Fromthenon,wehave____44___

_akindofrelationshipwiththesparrowfamily.Wefeedthemandtreatthemaspetbirds.____45____,wedonotneedtopossessthem.Weenjoyseeingthese

littlebirdsflyingandjumpingamongbranches,leavesandflowersinthespringmorning.31.A.lookedB.tookC.acquiredD.reminded32.A.SlightlyB.Def

initelyC.ExtremelyD.Unluckily33.A.desireB.escapeC.focusD.death,34.A.certainB.sureC.wrongD.right35.A.argumentB.ha

ppinessC.successD.failure36.A.someB.anyC.noD.every37.A.familyB.coupleC.pairD.pile38.A.beforeB.afterC.moreD.later39.A.breadB.rice

C.fruitD.vegetable40.A.downwardsB.upwardsC.insideD.outside41.A.explainedB.adaptedC.attachedD.preferred42A.SpringB.Fr

eedomC.TreesD.Nests43.A.concernedB.shotC.caughtD.viewed44A.madeupB.pulledupC.setupD.cheeredup45.A.ButB.HoweverC.ThenD.Otherwise【答案】31.B32.D33.D34.C35

.D36.B37.A38.D39.B40.D41.A42.B43.C44.C45.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记叙了女儿饲养小动物，对饲养动物积极的态度，以及他们喂食屋檐下的麻雀，与麻雀一家建立关系的事情。【31题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很兴奋，把它们照顾得很好。A.looked看；B.took拿，照顾；C.acquired获得；D.reminded使……想起。根据上文可知，作者给女儿买了两只鸡，应当是“照顾”

它们，动词短语takegoodcareof(好好照顾)，故选B。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，几天后，两只鸡都死了。A.Slightly轻轻地；B.Definitely完全；C.Extremely特别，尤其；D.Unluckily不幸的是。根据“bothchickensdi

ed”可知，两只鸡都死了，这是“不幸”，故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为它们的死，她哭了起来。A.desire欲望；B.escape逃离；C.focus关注；D.death死亡。根据“bothchickensdied”可知，作者的女儿为鸡的“死”哭泣。故选D。【34题详

解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我错了。A.certain确定的；B.sure肯定的；C.wrong错的；D.right..对的。根据however以及下文“Shestilltriedtokeepasmallanimalorevenasnail.”

可知，作者女儿还是想养小动物，可知，作者认为女儿养小动物的想法到此为止是错的。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次失败丝毫没有让我的女儿难过。A.argument争辩；B.happiness幸福，开心；C.success成功；D.failure失

败。根据上文可知，作者女儿养的两只鸡死了，这是一次“失败”，故选D。【36题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这次失败丝毫没有让我女儿难过。A.some一些；B.any任何；C.no没有；D.every全都。根据下文“Shestilltriedtokeepasmallanimaloreven

asnail.”可知，作者女儿并没有因为这次失败而感到难过，还想养小动物。短语inanyway(在任何方面)，与否定搭配时表示“丝毫没有”，故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年冬天的一天，我注意到屋檐下有一窝麻雀。A.family家庭；B.couple一对；C.pair一双

，一对；D.pile一堆。根据下文“Fromthenon,wehave14akindofrelationshipwiththesparrowfamily.”可知是一窝麻雀，afamilyof表示“一窝”，故选A

。【38题详解】考查介词和副词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，麻雀们纷纷降落在窗台上，啄食着米饭。A.before之前；B.after之后；C.more更多；D.later以后，稍后。根据语境可知，作者叫女儿在窗台上放米饭，几分钟后麻雀来啄食米饭，Afewmi

nuteslater表示“几分钟后”。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，麻雀们纷纷降落在窗台上，啄食着米饭。A.bread面包；B.rice米饭；C.fruit水果；D.vegetable蔬菜。根据

上文“SoItoldmydaughtertoputsomericeonthewindowsill(窗台).”可知，作者叫女儿在窗台上放米饭，所以麻雀啄食米饭。故选B。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们住在外面有多冷？A.downwards向下；B.upwards向上；C.in

side里面；D.outside外面。根据上文“Mum,canwecatchandcage(圈养)thesparrows,andletthemlivewithusintheroom?”可知，作者女儿想讲麻雀抓起圈养在室

内，由此可知她发问“麻雀住在外面有多冷？”。故选D。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“哦，亲爱的，我不认为这是个好主意。你知道，自由对麻雀来说很重要”我向她解释道。A.explained解释；B.adapted适应；C.attached附上；D.pr

eferred偏爱。根据语境和下文““12isimportantforsparrows.Noonecankeeptheminacage.Iftheyare13,theywilldiequickly.The

yareusedtolivingintheopenair.Moreover,theyhavewarmnestsundertheeaves.”可知，作者在向女儿“解释”，故选A。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。

A.Spring春天；B.Freedom自由；C.Trees树木；D.Nests鸟巢。根据下文“Theyareusedtolivingintheopenair.”可知，“自由”对于麻雀来说很重要，故选B。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们被抓住，他们会很快死去。A.concer

ned关注；B.shot射击；C.caught抓住；D.viewed看。根据上文提到“自由对于麻雀来说很重要”以及下文“Theyareusedtolivingintheopenair.”可知，麻雀被抓住，很快就会死。故选C。【44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从此，我们与麻雀家族建立了一种关系。

A.madeup弥补，组成，化妆，编造；B.pulledup拔起，停车；C.setup建立；D.cheeredup欢呼。根据下文“Wefeedthemandtreatthemaspetbirds.15,wedonotneedtopossessthem.Weenjoyseeingthese

littlebirdsflyingandjumpingamongbranches,leavesandflowersinthespringmorning.”可知，我们与麻雀“建立了”一种关系，故选C。【45题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们

并不需要拥有它们。A.But仅仅，但是；B.However然而；C.Then之后；D.Otherwise否则。根据上一句“Wefeedthemandtreatthemaspetbirds.(我们喂它们，把它们当作宠物鸟)”可知，前后文之间构成转折对比关系，应用表示转折的副词however连接上下文

，故选B。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Bike-sharingispopularinChina,withanincreasingnum

berofpeoplechoosingbikeridinginsteadof____46____(drive).ThebikeoftenhasGPSorBluetoothonit,andcanbeunlockedwithasmartphoneandleftanywhereinpublic

.Bike-sharingallowspeople____47____(borrow)abikefromoneplaceandreturnitatanotherplace.____48____isveryconvenienttousethesharing-bikesifyouh

aveasmartphone.First,youhavetodownloadanAPPontoyoursmartphone.Thenwhatyouneedtodoistofindthenearestbike.ScantheQ

Rcode(二维码)onthebikewithyourphoneinordertomakeaBluetooth____49____(connect).Youwillfindthebikewillhaveunlocked____50____(it).Thenyoucanenj

oyyourtrip.Thegreatestadvantageofbike-sharingisthatyoucan____51____(easy)findoneandneverworryaboutwheretoparkit.Thecostofri

dingdependsonthetime____52____isspentonyourtrip.Generally,itdoesn’tcosttoomuch.Sofar,technologyandsc

ience____53____(change)ourlifestylesgreatly.Wehavetosaybike-sharingbringsus____54____(much)conveniencetha

nbefore.Andwealsohopethatpeoplecannotonlyenjoyit61.____55____putittogooduse.【答案】46.driving47.toborrow48.It49.connection50.itself51.easil

y52.that##which53.havechanged54.more55.but【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了共享单车在中国很流行，越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车。共享单车给生活带来了更多的便利。【46题详解】考查动

名词。句意：共享单车在中国很流行，越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车。insteadof后面跟名词或动名词作宾语，用动词drive的动名词形式，故填driving。【47题详解】考查不定式。句意：共享单车允许人们从一个地方借用自行车，

然后在另一个地方归还。此处构成固定短语allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”。故填toborrow。【48题详解】考查it用法。句意：如果你有智能手机，使用共享单车非常方便。通过分析可知此处用it作形式主语，不定式做真正主语，位于句首首

字母应大写。故填It。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：用手机扫描自行车上的二维码，以便建立蓝牙连接。此处用名词做宾语。故填connection。【50题详解】考查反身代词。句意：你会发现自行车可以自己解锁。表示“

它本身，自己”应使用反身代词。故填itself。【51题详解】考查副词。句意：共享单车的最大优点是，你可以轻松地找到一辆自行车，而不必担心把它停在哪里。此处用副词easily作状语修饰动词find,故填easily。【52题详解】考查

定语从句关系词。句意：骑行的费用取决于您在旅途中花费的时间。这里是一个定语从句，先行词是thetime，指物，且从句缺少主语，因此要用关系代词that/which来引导。故填that/which。【53题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，科技极大地改变了

我们的生活方式。sofar和现在完成时态连用，主语是technologyandscience，谓语动词应使用复数形式。故填havechanged。【54题详解】考查比较级。句意：我们不得不说共享单车给我们带来了比以前更多的便利。根据语境及后面的

thanbefore可知此处填more，与convenient构成比较级。故填more。【55题详解】考查连词。句意：我们也希望人们不仅能享受它，而且能好好利用它。notonly…but(also)…意为“不仅……而且……”，

故填but。第五部分写作(满分25分)56.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你校英语报社征集主题为“DoestheInternetharmorhelpFriendships?”的英文稿件。请你写一篇征文投稿，内容包括：1.你的观点及理由；2.你的建议。注意：词数100左右

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__________________________【答案】Inmyopinion,theInternethelpsfriendships.Firstly,theInternetmakescommunicationmuchmoreconvenient.Secondly,t

heInternetmakescommunicationmoreinteresting.Sharingphotosandvideoswithfriendsonlineorrespondingtomessageswithemojishassomuchfun.Thirdly

,onlinecommunicationbringsfriendsclosertoeachother.Nowadays,ifyouwanttofindyourfriends,youjustclickthemouse.Whenyouneedhelp,yourfriendscanimmediate

lyprovidesuggestions.SoIsuggestkeepingintouchwithfriendsthroughtheInternet.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生以“Doesth

eInternetharmorhelpFriendships?”为主题写一篇征文。【详解】1.词汇积累观点：opinion→view首先：firstly→firstofall如今：nowadays→atpresent提供

：provide→offer2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Secondly,theInternetmakescommunicationmoreinteresting.Sharingphotosandvideoswithfriendsonlineorresponding

tomessageswithemojishassomuchfun.拓展句：Secondly,theInternetmakescommunicationmoreinteresting,whichinclude

ssharingphotosandvideoswithfriendsonlineorrespondingtomessageswithemojis.【点睛】[高分句型1]Whenyouneedhelp,yourfriendscanimmediatelyprovidesug

gestions.(when引导的时间状语从句)[高分句型2]SoIsuggestkeepingintouchwithfriendsthroughtheInternet.(动名词作宾语)听力答案：1-5:BCAAA6-1

0:CABBC11-15:ABBAC16-20:ABCAB