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【文档说明】【精准解析】云南省昆明市官渡区第一中学2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷.doc，共(23)页，130.500 KB，由小赞的店铺上传
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官渡区一中高二年级2019-2020学年上学期期末试题英语试卷第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力理解第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whe
rearethespeakersgoing?A.ToNewYork.B.ToCanada.C.ToMexico.2.Whycan’tTimtakeJenny’sshift?A.Hehasasoccergame.B.Heisonvacation.C.Hehastogotoafuneral.3.Wh
atdoesthewomanmean?A.Thereisabombintherefrigerator.B.Theywillprobablyrunoutoffood.C.Morethanenoughfoodhasbeenprepared
.4.Whatsubjectdoesthewomanthinklessdifficult?A.Literature.B.History.C.Mathematics.5.Whatdidthewomanst
udyincollege?A.Business.B.Art.C.Spanish.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将
给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoesthemanliketoreadmagazines?AInabookstore.B.Inacafé.C.Inthelibrary.7.Whatdoweknowaboutt
hewoman?A.Sheisinterestedinreadingonline.B.Shegetshermagazineeverymonth.C.Shefindsthatit’shardtogetinfor
mation.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemandoforhisjob?A.Hecleanshouses.B.Hedoespaperwork.C.Hesellshouses.9.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnThursd
ay.B.Ontheweekend.C.OnFriday.10.Whydoesthewomanrecommendthemantoherfriend?A.Sheismoving.B.Sheenjoyedworkingwithhim.C.Herfriendismoving
toSpringfield.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.HowoldisSam?A.He’sincollege.B.He’sinhighschool.C.He’sstillayoungkid.12.Whatdoes
Samplantodothissummer?A.Workatthepool.B.Learntoskateboard.C.Gotothelakewithhismother.13.WhatdoesSamneedhelpwith?A.Fillin
goutjobapplications.B.Shoppinginasupermarket.C.Payingforsummerschool.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whydoesthewomanalwayssleepin?
AShedoesn’twork.B.Shesetsherownschedule.C.Sheneedsmoresleepthanmostpeople.15.Whendoesthemangettowork?A.Around7.B.Around9.C.Around10
.16.Whatdoesthemansuggesttothewoman?A.Sheshouldgetupearlier.B.Theyshouldswitchschedules.C.Sheshouldlear
ntogotobedontime.17.Whatwillthespeakersdotoday?A.Goonahike.B.Gotothemovies.C.Gotowork.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.HowdoUberdriversknowwhere
togo?A.Theycallaphonenumber.B.Theyrequesttoknowontheapp.C.Amaponthecellphoneshowsthem.19.WhomostlydrivesforUber?A.Formertaxidr
ivers.B.UniversitystudentsC.Peoplewhohaveotherjobs.20.WhatdoesTravisKalanickpredict?A.Uberwilltotallyreplacetaxis.B.Carswillbeabletodrivethemselv
es.C.Pricesfortransportationwillgoupeventually.第二部分：阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AMetroPocketGuideMetrorail(地铁)Eachpassengerneedsafa
recardtoenterandgoout.Uptotwochildrenunderagefivemaytravelfreewithapayingcustomer.Farecardmachinesareineverystation.Bringsmal
lbillsbecausetherearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.Getonedayofunlimi
tedMetrorailrideswithaOneDayPass.BuyitfromafarecardmachineinMetrostations.Useitafter9：30amuntilclosingonweekdays,andalldayonweekendsandho
lidays.Hours_of_serviceOpen:5amMon.—Fri.7amSat.—Sun.Close:midnightSun.—Thur.3amFri.—Sat.nightsLasttraintimesvary.Toavoidmissingthe
lasttrain,pleasecheckthelasttraintimespostedinstations.MetrobusWhenpayingwithexactchange,thefareis$1.35.Whenpa
yingwithaSmarTrip®card,thefareis$1.25.Fares_for_senior/disabled_customersSeniorcitizens65andolderanddisabledcustomersmayr
ideforhalftheregularfare.OnMetrorailandMetrobus,useasenior/disabledfarecardorSmarTrip®card.Formoreinformationaboutbuyingsenior
/disabledfarecards,SmarTrip®cardsandpasses,pleasevisitMetroOpensDoors.comorcall202-637-7000and202-637-8000.Seniorcitizensanddisabledcu
stomerscangetfreeguideonhowtouseproperMetrobusandMetrorailservicesbycalling202-962-1100.Travel_tips(提示)•Avoidridingdur
ingweekdayrushperiods—before9：30amandbetween4and6pm.•IfyoulosesomethingonabusortrainorinastationpleasecallLost&Foundat2029621195.1.Wh
atshouldyouknowaboutfarecardmachines?A.Theystartsellingticketsat9：30am.B.Theyareconnectedtochangemachines.C.Theyofferspecialserv
icetotheelderly.D.Theymakechangefornomorethan$5.2.AtwhattimedoesMetrorailstopserviceonSaturday?A.Atmidn
ight.B.At3am.C.At5am.D.At7pm.3.WhatisgoodaboutaSmarTrip®card?A.Itisconvenientforoldpeople.B.Itsavesmoneyforitsusers.
C.ItcanbeboughtatanytimeD.ItissoldontheInternet.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。在文中作者详细介绍了地铁站的一些信息。比如每位成年人持票可以携带两名五岁以下儿童乘坐地铁；
Farecard的购买和使用情况；车票的价格；此处，作者还介绍了一些服务部门的电话号码以方便乘客的需要。【1题详解】考查细节理解。根据Metrorall(地铁)部分第二段内容“therearenochangemachinesin
thestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.”在车站没有零钱机自动售卡机只能提供5美元的零钱。可知自动售卡机只能最多找5美元的零钱，故答
案选D。易错选项为A，文中的Useitafter9:30a,m.untilclosingonweekdays是使用farecard的时间，而不是farecardmachines售票的时间。故选D。【2题详解】.考查细节理解。根据Hourso
fservice的介绍部分“ClosemidnightSun-Thurs.；3a.m.”Sat-Sun可知在周末停运时间是凌晨3点，故选B。【3题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三部分对Metrobus的介绍“Whenpayingwithexactcharge,the
fareis$1.35.WhenpayingwithaSmarTripⓇcard,thefareis1.25.”可知如果使用SmarTripⓇcard的话，乘客可以节省0.1美元，故答案选B。【名师点睛】细节理解型：文章主题和中心思想的
阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行
直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：(1)一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例极少。(2)语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上充分运用了词义
之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。(3)语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题，分数比例
很大。(4)是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。(5)事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件
发生、发展的正确顺序。例如：本文中的第1小题：【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。【答案定位】根据
Metrorall(地铁)部分第二段内容“therearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.”在车站没有零钱机
自动售卡机只能提供5美元的零钱。可知自动售卡机只能最多找5美元的零钱，故答案选D。易错选项为A，文中的Useitafter9:30a,m.untilclosingonweekdays是使用farecard的时间，而不
是farecardmachines售票的时间。BDerekRabcloisnottheonlysurfertoconquerHawaii'sfamousPipelinebigwavebreak,butwhileallothersusetheirsighttodoit,thisyoungpro
fessionalsurfermustrelyonlyonhisothersenses.That'sbecauseheiscompletelyblind.WhenDerekwasborn,over24yearsago,hegothisnamefromDer
ekHo,thefirstHawaiiansurfingworldchampion.Asurfingenthusiasthimself,Emestodreamedthathissonwouldsharethetalentofhisuncle,aprofessionalsurfe
r.Unfortunately,Derekwasborncompletelyblind,butthisdidn'tslophisfamilyfrombelievinglhathecoulddoanythinghewanted,evenifthatmeantbecomingasurf
er.Atage2,DerekreceivedabodyboardandthebeachesofGuarapari,Brazil,becamehisbackyard.Hewasalwayscomfortableinthewaterandsurfingwasinhisbl
ood,buthedidn’tactuallytryridingawaveuntilheturned17,whenhisfatherboughthimasurfboard.Hisfathertaughthimthebasicsandencouragedhimtokeeppracticing,bu
taftersuccessfullystandinguponthesurfboard,DerekknewheneededtobecomemuchbetterifhewasgoingtoachieveE
mesto'sdreamandbecomeaprofessionalsurfer.SohejoinedthePraiadoMoroosurfschool,wherehestudiedundercoachFabioMaru.Standinguponas
urfboardandconqueringsmallwavesisonething,whilegatheringthecouragetotakeonHawaii'sboard-breakingPipelineisanother.Buttha
t’sexactlywhatDerekRabelosetouttodojustmonthsafterlearninghowtosurf.Everyonetoldhimitwastoodangerous,buthefelthecoulddoit.Andhedid,
earningthepraiseoffamousprofessionalsurferslikeKellySlaterandMickFanning.Now24,RabelohasbeensurfingthePipelineeverywinte
rsince.4.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphtellus?A.Goodeyesightisnecessaryforbecominggoodsuffers.B.Nobodyhasev
erconqueredHawaii’sbigwavebreak.C.DerekRabelodreamstoconquerHawaii'sbigwavebreak.D.DerekRabeloistheonlyblindprofessionalsurfertoconquerHawaii’sbigwa
vebreak.5.HowdidErnestobehaveafterDerekwasborn?A.Henamedhimafterhisuncle.B.Heneverlostconfidenceinhim.C.Hesenthim
toasurfingchampion.D.Hestartedhisowninterestinsurfing.6.AfterDerekwasabletostanduponthesurfboard,he_______________.A.begantotryridingawa
veB.wasnolongerafraidofwaterC.realizedhestillhadalongwaytogoD.knewhisfather’sdreamhadcometrue7.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescrib
eDerekaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Braveandconfident.B.Skillfulbutproud.C.Thoughtfulandmodest.D.Courageousbutstubborn
.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】本文主要介绍了DerekRabclo——唯一一位盲人职业冲浪者，他征服了夏威夷的巨浪。【4题详解】D段落大意题。根据第一段主要进述了虽然DerekRabclo不是唯一征服了夏威夷的巨浪职业
冲浪者，但他是唯一一位盲人职业冲浪者，他征服了夏威夷的巨浪。故选D。【5题详解】B细节理解题。根据第二段butthisdidn'tstophisfamilyfrombelievingthathecoulddoanythinghewanted,evenifthatmeantbecomingasur
fer.可知，Ernesto自从Derek出生就从没有对他失去过信心。故选B。【6题详解】C细节理解题。根据第三段butaftersuccessfullystandinguponthesurfboard,Derekknewheneededtobecomemuchbetterifhewasgo
ingtoachieveEmesto'sdreamandbecomeaprofessionalsurfer.可知，当Derek站到冲浪板上之后，他知道他还有很远的路要走。故选C。【7题详解】A推理判断题。根据最后一段Everyonetoldhimitwastoodanger
ous,buthefelthecoulddoit.Andhedid,earningthepraiseoffamousprofessionalsurferslikeKellySlaterandMickFanning.可知，每个人都告诉他这太危险了，但他觉得
自己能做到。他做到了，赢得了像凯利·斯莱特和米克·范宁这样的著名职业冲浪者的赞扬。所以可以推断出他是勇敢而且自信的。故选A。CManysciencefictionstoriestellaboutexplorersarrivinginanewworld.Theexplo
rersthenusesomekindofhigh-techdevicetotestforbreathableairorsignsoflife.ButhereonEarth,sciencefictionisbecomingrealitythroug
hanewsamplingtechnologycalledenvironmentalDNA,oreDNAforshort.Scientistscanuseittoidentifyrarespecieso
restimatefishpopulationswithjustalittleairorwater.EnvironmentalDNAcanbeusedintwoways.Oneistoidentifyt
hecreaturesthatliveinacertainplace.Theotheristoconfirmthepresenceorlackofaspecificcreature.CarenGoldbergisoneofthef
irstbiologiststotakethetechnologyfromthetestingstagetoactuallyusingit.SheseeseDNAasawaytogetanswersmoreefficientlyandwithlessdestruction
comparedtotraditionalsurveytechniques.Untilrecently,scientistsdependedonsnorkeling(潜水),nettingorusinganelectriccurrenttotemporarilycatchfish.Thisn
ewerwaytoidentifywhatlivesintheenvironmentisbecomingpopulararoundtheworld.AnimalexpertsinVietnamareusingt
heeDNAtofindthelast,wildYangtzegiantsoftshellturtles.OneresearcherontheCaribbeanislandofTrinidadisus
ingthesamplingtechnologytofindendangeredgoldentreefrogs.InMadagascar,itisbeingusedtoidentifyamphibian(两栖动物)diseases.MsGoldberghasus
edeDNAtestingtoconfirmthelocalextinction(灭绝)ofaleopardfrogintheAmericanstateofIdaho.Shehasalsobeenaskedtod
ocumentthespreadoftheNewZealandmudsnailinthestateofWashington.Thecreaturehasbeenfoundinlakesandotherwaterwaysacrossth
estate.Scientistsworkingwiththetechnologysaytheydonotexpectrobotstoreplacefieldbiologistsanytimesoon.Buttheold-fa
shionedfieldworkcouldsoonbemoretargeted.8.Comparedtotraditionalsurveytechniques,eDNAismore______.A.complexB.eco-friendly
C.dangerousD.convincing9.ByusingeDNA,CarenGoldberghas______.A.succeededincatchingmanyfishesB.foundtheexistenceo
fgoldentreefrogsC.documentedthespreadofsoftshellturtlesD.confirmedthedisappearanceoftheleopardfroginIdaho10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Robo
tswillreplacescientistssoon.B.SomescientistsareagainstusingeDNA.C.Theold-fashionedfieldworkmaydisappear.D.Manybiologistsareunwill
ingtodothefieldwork.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScienceFictionBecomesRealityforSpeciesSurveysB.BiologistsExploreSpacewiththe
HelpofeDNAC.ScientistsFoundMethodstoTestforSignsofLifeD.NewTechnologiesArePresentedinScienceFictions【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】
这是一篇说明文，主要向读者介绍了科学界一项新的采样技术——环境DNA，利用一点空气或水识别罕见的外来入侵物种或研究生物的多样性。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中SheseeseDNAasawaytogetanswers
moreefficientlyandwithlessdestructioncomparedtotraditionalsurveytechniques.可知，她认为，与传统的调查技术相比，eDNA是一种更有效、更少破坏的获取答案的方法。由此判断出与传统的调查技术相比，eDNA更加环保。
故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中MsGoldberghasusedeDNAtestingtoconfirmthelocalextinction(灭绝)ofaleopardfrogintheAmericanstateofIdaho.可知，通过
使用eDNA，卡伦·戈德堡证实了爱达荷州豹蛙的消失。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Scientistsworkingwiththetechnologysaytheydonotexpectrobotstoreplacefieldbiologistsanytim
esoon.Buttheold-fashionedfieldworkcouldsoonbemoretargeted.可知，研究这项技术的科学家们表示，他们认为机器人近期内不会取代野外生物学家。但是老式的田间作业很快就会受到影响。从最后一段我
们可以推断出“老式的田间作业可能会消失。”故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中ButhereonEarth,sciencefictionisbecomingrealitythroughanewsamplingtechnologycalledenvironmental
DNA,oreDNAforshort.Scientistscanuseittoidentifyrarespeciesorestimatefishpopulationswithjustalittleairorwater.“但在地球
上，通过一种名为环境DNA(eDNA)的新采样技术，科幻小说正在变成现实。科学家可以用它来鉴定稀有物种，或者用少量的空气或水来估计鱼类的数量。”由此可知，本文最佳主题是“对物种调查来说，科幻小说变成了现实”。故选A。DWhenyouwerea
tschool,thelastthingyouprobablywantedtodowasspendyourweekendsgoingtowork.Therewashomeworktodo,sporttoplayandfuntohave.Butourparentsprob
ablypersuadedustofindajobtoearnsomemoneyandgetsomelifeexperience.WhenIwasateenagerIhadapaperround:deliveringnewspaperstopeople'shomes.Ith
enprogressedtoaSaturdayjobinasupermarket:stackingshelvesandworkingatthecheckout.TodayintheUKyouareallowedtoworkfromtheageof13,andmany
childrendotakeuppart-timejobs.It'soneofthosethingsthatareseenalmostasariteofpassage(成人仪式).It'satasteofindependenceands
ometimesausefulthingtoputonyourCV(简历).Teenagersagreethatitteachesvaluablelessonsaboutworkingwithadultsandalsoaboutmanagin
gtheirmoney.SomeresearchhasshownthatnottakingupaSaturdayorholidayjobcouldbedeleterioustoapersonlateron.A2015stud
ybytheUKCommissiononEmploymentandSkillsfoundthatnotparticipatinginpart-timeworkatschoolagehadbeenblame
dbyemployer'sorganizationsforyoungadultsbeingill-preparedforfull-timeemployment,butdespitethis,recentsta
tisticshaveshownthatthenumberofschoolchildrenintheUKwithapart-timejobhasfallenbyafifthinthepastfiveyears.So,doesthismeanthatBritish
teenagersarenowafraidofhardwork?Probablynot.Someexpertsfeelthatyoungpeoplefeelgoingouttoworkwillaffecttheirperformanceatschool,andth
eyareundermorepressurenowtostudyhardandgetgoodexamresults-andagoodjobinthelongterm.However,GeoffBarton,generals
ecretaryoftheAssociationofSchoolandCollegeLeaders,toldBBCNewsthat"Properlyregulated（控制的）part-timeworkisagoodwayofhelpingyoungpeoplelearns
killsthattheywillneedintheirworkinglives."Inreality,it'sallaboutgettingtherightbalancebetweendoingpart-timeworkan
dhavingenoughtimetostudyandrest.12.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutdoingpart-timejobsonweekendswhenhewasateenager?A
.Unwilling.B.Interested.C.Delighted.D.Angry.13.WhichofthefollowingmayNOTbethebenefitofschoolchildren'sdoingpart-
timejobs?A.Learningtobeindependent.B.Gainingsomelifeexperience.C.Beingpreparedforfuturejobs.D.Spending
whattheyearnastheylike.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"deleterious"inParagraph3probablymean?A.valuable.B.harmful.C.necessary.D.ben
eficial.15.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Studentsshouldspendalltheirtimeonstudies.B.Studentsshouldhaveasmanypart-timejobsaspo
ssible.C.Doingpart-timejobsmustaffectstudents'schoolresults.D.It'simportantforstudentstobalancepart-tim
ejobsandstudies.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【解析】本文为议论文。研究和调查表明，适当的兼职会让学生们学会独立、获取阅历、为将来工作做好准备，同时还要在做兼职和有足够的时间学习和休息之间取得平衡。【12题详解】推理判断题。依据第一段Whe
nyouwereatschool,thelastthingyouprobablywantedtodowasspendyourweekendsgoingtowork.可知作者认为当你在学校的时候，你可能最不想做的
事情就是周末去上班。故作者的态度是不情愿的，选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。依据第二段It’satasteofindependenceandsometimesausefulthingtoputonyourCV.…itteache
svaluablelessonsaboutworkingwithadultsandalsoaboutmanagingtheirmoney.第三段notparticipatinginpart-timework...ill
-preparedforfull-timeemployment.可知兼职会让学生们学会独立、获取阅历、为将来工作做好准备。故选D。【14题详解】词义猜测题。依据划线词后调研内容A2015study...foundthat...可知，该研究表明，雇主们一直
将年轻人对全职工作准备不足归咎于他们在上学时没有参加兼职工作。故学生不参加兼职工作可能对以后的生活有害，选B符合题意。【15题详解】推理判断题。依据最后一段Inreality,it’sallaboutge
ttingtherightbalancebetweendoingpart-timeworkandhavingenoughtimetostudyandrest.可知，在做兼职和有足够的时间学习和休息之间取得平衡是非常重要的。故选D。第二节根据对话内容,从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳
答案。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness？___16___Thefollowingareaf
ewtipsthatIfollowtocreatehappinessinmylife.●Makeaplanforattaininggoalsthatyoubelievewillmakeyouhappy.Yourmoodswillverylikelyimproveifyouaregoin
gaftersomethingyouvalue.●Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway.___17___●Whensom
ethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingabsorbedinself－pity.Trulyhappypeopledon'tallowsetbackstoaffecttheirmoodbecausetheyk
nowthatwithalittlethoughttheycanturnthecircumstancesbacktotheirfavour.●___18___Thesefewminuteswillgiveyoutheopportunitytofocusonthepositivethin
gsinyourlifeandwillleadyoutocontinuoushappiness.●___19___Whetheryoutreatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminu
tesonyourappearance,youwillbesubconsciously(下意识地)puttingyourselfinabettermood.●Findingthehumourinsituationscan
alsoleadtohappiness.●Keepinghealthyisanotherwaytoachievehappiness.___20___A.Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.B.Spendafewminuteseachdayt
hinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.C.It'salsoimportanttotakesometimeeachdaytodosomethingniceforyourself.D.These
areimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves.E.Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegat
iveeffectonyourmood.F.Whatmakesonepersonhappymaybeverydifferentfromwhatmakessomeoneelsehappy.G.Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,t
heiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.【答案】16.D17.G18.B19.C20.E【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了获得快乐的几种方法。【16题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提出了两个问题，而D选项又提
到这些问题对于寻找幸福的人至关重要，故选D。【17题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到一个人很容易受具有消极情绪的人的影响，而G选项又提到了与之相反的积极的一面，形成对比，故选G。【18题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后句提到这几分钟会给你
面对生活中积极事物的机会，而B选项也有与之相关的意思，是对下一句的总结与概括，故选B。【19题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后句提到，无论你让自己吃饭、沐浴或只是在打扮上花几分钟，都会使你的心情变好，而C选项正提到每天要花一些时间到使自己心情变好
的事情上，与后文呼应，故选C。【20题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到保持健康是获得快乐的另一种方式，而E选项正是这句话的补充，故选E。第三部分英语知识运用第一节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。Asateacher．Ioftenmakeitarulethatwhenweareonafieldtrip，therewillbenotalkingasweenterabuilding．Thisrule___21___toenteringany
place，whetheritisacinema，achurch，atheatre,oranyotherplace．Once，inNewYorkCity，Itookmyclasstoseea(n)___22___nearTimesSquare．Whenwearrivedatthethea
tre，therewereabouttwentyotherclasses___23___outsidewaitingtogetin．Thestudentsfromtheotherschoolswerenot___24___andtherewa
spandemonium(乌烟瘴气)．Itoldmystudentstostayinalineandkeep___25___．Itoldthemthatwewouldnotcarryourselveslikethoseother___26_
__．Soonwestartedtofileintothetheatre，anditwasverydisorganized．Therewasalady___27___thegroupsandgetthemtotheirseats，___28___studentswereeverywh
ereand___29___reallyknewwheretogo．Myclass，observingourrule，walkedin____30____intwosingle-filelines．Westoodnearthedoorbehindeveryoneelse，andwe___
_31____．Allofasudden，theladywhowas____32____noticedusandshewalked____33____ourdirection．Sheaskedthestudents____34____theteacherwa
sforourgroup,andIraisedmy____35____．Sheasked,“Very,verynicetomeetyou．Comethisway．”Wewereledintothetheatre，____36____，andweweregivenfro
nt-rowseats．Sometimes____37____forothersmaynotseemlikeitisgoingtohaveaneffect，especiallywhenyou____38____noonearoundwhoistakingman
nersinto____39____．However，thatisusuallythetimewhensuch____40____actionswillbemostappreciatedandrecognized．21.A.leadsB.app
liesC.turnsD.belongs22.A.playB.ladyC.teacherD.exhibition23.A.sortedoutB.settleddownC.turnedawayD.linedup24.A.behavingB.listeningC.concentratingD.wat
ching25.A.orderB.contactC.watchD.time26.A.placesB.seatsC.classesD.teachers27.A.scoldB.dismissC.attractD.organize28.A.andB.butC.soD.
while29.A.anyoneB.nobodyC.everyoneD.somebody30.A.anxiouslyB.immediatelyC.quietlyD.hurriedly31.A.passedB.chattedC.rushedD.waited32.A.introubl
eB.onguardC.inchargeD.onbusiness33.A.inB.toC.forD.under34.A.howB.whereC.whatD.whether35.A.voiceB.armC.head
D.hand36.A.finallyB.somehowC.firstD.instead37.A.respectB.loveC.concernD.support38.A.receiveB.visitC.recognizeD.meet39.A.practiceB.effectC.accountD.op
eration40.A.urgentB.kindC.legalD.firm【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.A26.C27.D28.B29.B30.C31.D32.C33.A34.B35.D36.C37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】本文是记叙文。作者一直让学生到一个地
方要遵守秩序，在一次看戏的过程中，作者的这个规定展示他的学生的良好的素养，也得到认可，某种程度上给他们带来意料之外的好处。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这个规定适用于任何地方，不管是电影院，教堂，戏院
或其他任何地方。A．leads带领；B．applies利用，申请；C．turns转变；D．belongs属于。根据下文whetheritisacinema，achurch，atheatre,oranyo
therplace．可知，规则使用于任何地方。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：曾经，在纽约，我带着我的班级去泰晤士广场看戏。A．play戏剧；B．lady女士；C．teacher老师；D．exhibition展览。从下文的：Whenwearrivedatthetheatre，可知
是带学生去看戏。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们到达剧院，有20个班级的学生在排队等候进入。A．sortedout挑选出；B．settleddown定居下来，安定下来；C．turnedaway拒绝入内；D．linedup排队，进入剧院要排队。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词辨析。
句意：来自其他学校的学生行为举止不文明，弄得乌烟瘴气，A．behaving举止；B．listening听；C．concentrating集中；D．watching观看。根据下文therewaspandemo
nium(乌烟瘴气)．可知，其它学校的学生举止不文明。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我让学生排队等侯，遵守秩序。A．order命令；B．contact联系；C．watch观看；D．time
时间。学生排队等候，是遵守秩序。keeporder维持秩序，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我告诉他们不能像其他班级的学生。A．places地方；B．seats位置；C．classes班级；D．teachers老师。上
文提到其它学校的学生不讲文明，我的学生遵守秩序排队等候，因此我的学生不像其它学生。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：有一位女士组织队伍，让学生到他们的位置。A．scold责备；B．dismiss解雇；C．attract吸引；D．organize组织。根据下文getthemtothei
rseats可知，是在组织队伍。故选D。【28题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：是到处都是学生，没有人知道该去什么地方。A．and并且；B．but但是；C．so因此；D．while然而。根据句意前后文是转折关系，故选B。【29题详解】考查不定代词。句意同上。A.anyone任何人；
B．nobody没有人；C．everyone每个人；D．somebody一些人。到处都是学生，因此说明没有人知道该去什么地方。故选B【30题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：我的班级遵守秩序，排成两队安静的走进来。A．anxi
ously焦虑；B．immediately立刻；C．quietly安静地；D．hurriedly匆忙地。作者的学生遵守秩序，排队进入，因此是安静地进入，故选C。【31题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们站在门口等待。
A．passed通过；B．chatted聊天；C．rushed急冲；D．waited等待。根据上文Westoodnearthedoorbehindeveryoneelse可知，我们站在别人后面，因此在等待。故选D。【32题详解】考查介词短语。句意：
突然，负责的女士注意到我们，朝我们的方向走过来。A．introuble有困难；B．onguard守卫；C．incharge负责；D．onbusiness出差。根据上文提到的alady可知，此处指负责维持秩序的女士，故选C。【33题详解】考查介词辨析。句意同上。A．in在……里面，B．to给…
…，C．for为了，D．under在……下面，朝着……方向，用in…direction，故选A。【34题详解】考查疑问词。句意：她问学生我们队的老师在什么地方。A．how怎样；B．where哪里；C．what什么；D．whether是否。根据
下文我举起手可知，她问我的学生，老师在那里。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我举起手。A．voice声音；B．arm膀子；C．head头；D．hand手。维持秩序的女士在找我，因此我举起手。故选D。【36题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：我们被首先带进了戏院而且坐了前排的位置。
A．finally最后，B．somehow不知怎么，C．first首先，D．instead相反。根据下文weweregivenfront-rowseats可知，我们被首先领进剧院。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：有时尊敬别人似乎是没有影响的。A．respect尊敬；B．love爱；C．c
oncern关心；D．support支持。上文说到我们遵守秩序，尊重别人。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：尤其当你周围没有遇到考虑礼貌的人。A．receive接受；B．visit参观；C．recogniz
e意识到；D．meet遇到。此处与上文其它学校的学生不遵守秩序呼应。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词辨析。句意同上。A．practice练习；B．effect影响；C．account账户，描述；D．operation操作，手术。take…intoaccount考虑
，联系上文可知，我们班周围的人都不遵守秩序，没有人考虑礼貌。故选C。【40题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：但是通常这种善意会被感激和认可A．urgent紧急的；B．kind好心的；C．legal合法的；D．firm坚定的。根据上文可知
，我们班的学生遵守秩序，排队进入剧院，是友好善良的行为，被维持秩序的女士感激和认可。故选B。第二节语法填空阅读下面的文章,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Thenationalcollegeentrancee
xaminRussia,UnifiedStateExam,willincludeChineseas___41___electiveforeignlanguagestartingfrom2019.Chinesew
illbecomethefifthelectivetestitemfortheUnifiedStateExam___42___(follow)English,German,FrenchandSpanish.Thenumbero
fChineselearnersinRussia___43___(grow)quicklyinthepastdecade,accordingtoasurvey___44___(carry)outbyalinguisticresearchcenterinRussia.A
pproachestolearningChinesevaryfrompersontoperson,___45___moreandmorepeoplechoosinguniversitycoursesinRussia.Thethree-hour-longChinesetestwil
lquizstudentson___46___(they)listening,reading,andwritingabilitiesandafourthsectionwillexaminestudentsongrammar,v
ocabularyandChinese___47___(character).SomepartsintheexamareevenalittlebitdifficultfornativeChinesespeakers.TheUnitedNations(UN)in2010suggestedaChi
neseLanguageDay___48___fallsonApril20eachyear___49___(celebrate)culturaldiversityaswellastopromoteusingallofficiallanguages___50___
(equal).【答案】41.an42.following43.hasgrown44.carried45.with46.their47.characters48.which/that49.tocelebrate50.equally【解
析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。2019年俄罗斯高考中将新增加汉语作为外语考试科目之一，这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不断上升。【41题详解】考查冠词。这里表示“一门或一种选修语言”，表泛指，由于elective以元音音素开头。故填an。【42题详解】考查现在分词。本句已经存在谓语动词w
illbecome且句中没有连词，故follow是非谓语动词与句子主语follow构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式following。故填following。【43题详解】考查时态及主谓一致。根据时间状语inthepas
tdecade可知，本句需要用现在完成时；由于本句主语为number，因此谓语动词用单数形式。故填入hasgrown。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。carry在本句中是非谓语动词与逻辑主语survey构成被动，表示该调查“被进行”，因此填入过去分词carried，carriedout…作后
置定语修饰survey（调查）。故填carried。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：学习方法因人而异，有越来越多的人选择俄罗斯的大学课程。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构作状语，因此填入介词with。
故填with。【46题详解】考查人称代词。形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词listening、reading、writingabilities作定语。故填their。【47题详解】考查名词的数。这里表示考查汉字（Chinesecharacters），character为可数名词
，应该用复数形式表示多个汉字。故填characters。【48题详解】考查定语从句。本空格前面的ChineseLanguageDay为先行词，后面是一个限制性定语从句，先行词在后面的限制性定语从句中作主语。故填which/that。【49题详解】考查动词不定式。此处aswellas连接两个并
列的成分，故填入动词不定式形式tocelebrate，在句中作目的状语。故填tocelebrate。【50题详解】考查副词。这里需要一个副词来修饰前面的动词use，意为“平等地使用所有官方语言”。故填equally。【点睛】抓住定语从句“三要
素”是学好定语从句的关键。1何谓“三要素”?构成定语从句的三个要素是先行词、引导词及引导词在从句充当的成份。概括讲,“先行词+引导词+从句其它内容”就是定语从句的核心。（1）先行词。就是定语从句限制或修饰的中心
语(一般为名词或不定代词),一般地英语中定语从句皆是后置的。“先行”之意主要体现在所处的位置上。（2）引导词。从句的标志,定语从句中引导词一方面起关联作用,另一方面还要代替先行词在从句中充当某一特定成份。（3）充当成份。必须明确这一点,引导词与先行词其意义是等价的,所指也是同一的。换句话说先行
词和引导词是用不同形式表达同一种东西。要分析引导词在从句中的成份,就要把先行词回位到从句中,看其能充当何成份,得到的结论就是引导词所充当的成份。2如何分析“三要素”?例:①Theboywhoiswear
ingahatismyson.(主语theboy后带有定语从句)②Idon’tknowthegirlwhoistalkingthere.(宾语thegirl后带有定语从句)③Heisthemanwhoyouareloo
kingfor.(表语theman后带有定语从句)在具体分析时,有三个步骤:一找先行词,二判断先行词在从句中充当成份,三确定引导词。例如第8小题：TheUnitedNations(UN)in2010suggestedaChineseLanguageDay___8___fallso
nApril20eachyear...这句话中有一个定语从句，它是由关系代词which或that引导的定语从句，先行词是ChineseLanguageDay，它在从句中作主语，因此使用关系代词that/which。第四部分写作第一节短文改错51.注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改
10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。AboutamilefromMark’sbuildingismanyoldhouses.Theyareallemptyandgoingtopulleddown.Hisfathersaystheyaredangerousandtells
himtokeepawayfromit.However,heenjoysplayingthereverymuch.OneFridayonhiswayhometoschool,Markwentintooneoftheemptyoldhouse.H
esawadoorleaddownintoasmalldarkroom.Hewentintotheroomtoseewherehecouldfind.Justthenheheardaterriblecrash.Theroofo
ftheoldhousefelldown.Marktriedtoopenthedoor,buthecouldn’t.Sothathehadtostayhere.Markwassavedthreedayslaterbyapolice.Theyuseddogstofindhim.【答案】1.is→a
re2.pulled前加be3.it→them4.to→from5.house→houses6.lead→leading7.where→what8.去掉that9.here→there10.a→the【解析
】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。离马克的家大约一英里的地方有许多老房子，父亲警告过马可不要去老房子里玩，它们随时可能倒塌，很是危险。有一天马可钻进了老房子，结果老房子的屋顶塌了，马可被困了三天，才被救援人员发现。【详解】第一处：考查主谓一致。本句的主语为manyoldhouses，be动词为
are。故将is改成are。第二处：考查动词不定式的被动形式。主语They与pulldown在逻辑上视为被动关系，所以pulled前加be。故pulled前加be。第三处：考查代词。根据句意“他的父亲说他们是危险的，并告诉他远离它们”，所以from后接them作宾语，代指上文中
的manyoldhouses。故将it改成them。第四处：考查介词。根据句意“一个星期五，在他放学回家的路上”可知，介词为from故将to改成from。第五处：考查名词复数。oneof后接名词复数houses。故将house改成hou
ses。第六处：考查现在分词。adoor与leaddown在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故将lead改成leading。第七处：考查连接词。see后接宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少宾语，且指物，连接词为what。故将
where改成what。第八处：考查连词。根据句意“所以他不得不待在那里”可知，that多余。故去掉that。第九处：考查副词。根据句意“所以他不得不待在那里”可知，是待在那里。故将here改成there。第十处：考查冠词。本句
特指警察，用定冠词the。故将a改成the。第二节书面表达52.假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Mary最近在学汉语。她给你发来一封电子邮件,告诉你她对学习汉语兴趣浓厚,并且提高很快,在前不久学校举行的汉语演讲比赛
中她获得了一等奖。请你用英语给她写封回信祝贺她。内容包括:1.收到来信时的心情;2.祝贺笔友取得的成绩;3.鼓励她继续努力。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;【答案】Dear
Mary,Congratulations!IamdelightedtohearthatyouwonfirstprizeintheChineseSpeechContestheldinyourschool.Thisisthemostexcit
ingnewsIhavereceivedrecently.Iwouldliketoexpressmyheart-feltcongratulationsonyoursuccessinlearningChinese.Withsomuc
hinterestyouhaveshowninlearningChineseandthegreatachievementsyouhavemade,IamsureyouwillcertainlydobetterinChineseandmakegre
aterprogressinthefuture.IfyouhaveanydifficultywithChinese,don’thesitatetotellme.IwillgiveyouanyhelpIcan.AndIamlookingfo
rwardtohearingmorefromyou.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面
的信息。第一，假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Mary最近在学汉语。她给你发来一封电子邮件,告诉你她对学习汉语兴趣浓厚,并且提高很快,在前不久学校举行的汉语演讲比赛中她获得了一等奖。请你用英语给她写封回信祝贺她。内容包括：
1.收到来信时的心情；2.祝贺笔友取得的成绩；3.鼓励她继续努力。第二，人称为第一人称。第三，时态为一般现在时、现在完成时和一般将来时。第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，收到来信时的心情。第二段，祝贺笔
友取得的成绩;鼓励她继续努力。第三段，表达期望。第三步：确定关键词汇和短语:expressmyheart-feltcongratulations，makegreaterprogress，haveanydifficultywithChinese.第四步：确定较为高级的句子:省略that/w
hich的定语从句和省略that的宾语从句WithsomuchinterestyouhaveshowninlearningChineseandthegreatachievementsyouhavemade,Iamsureyouwillcertainlydobette
rinChineseandmakegreaterprogressinthefuture.第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:besides，however，finally.第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落
整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:省略that/which的定语从句和省略that的宾语从句WithsomuchinterestyouhaveshowninlearningChineseandthegreatachievementsyouhave
made,IamsureyouwillcertainlydobetterinChineseandmakegreaterprogressinthefuture.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
