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高二上学期第一次诊断练习英语试卷考试时间：120分钟满分：150分本试卷各试题答案必须在答题纸上规定的答题区域内作答，否则无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有

一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一篇。1.Whatdoesthemanwant

todo?A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workin

gonaproject.3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A.It’sbig.B.It’squiet.C.It’snew.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.A

nnoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Whereistheman’stable?A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.第二节(共15小题;每小题1

.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小

题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Dosports.7.Whatistheprobablerelation

shipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthewomanthin

kJulyisthebesttimetomove?A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.It’seasytohirepeople.9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A.Finis

hitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doonedepartmentatatime.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdidPeterlearn

fromhisgrandfather?A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum.11.WhatdidPeterdoinChicag

o?A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A.Remb

randt’s.B.Botticelli’s.C.Rubens’.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatra

in.14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A.March.B.August.C.October.15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?A.Hehadtocatchupwithhis

study.B.Hewasofferedabetterone.C.Hegottiredofit.16.WhatisSusan’sattitudetoJohn’sproblem?A.Carefree.B.Understandin

g.C.Forgiving.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Am

arathonrunner.18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace

.19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.20.W

hatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisplantogoforthegold.B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15

小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADanceClassesBalletBalletteachesgrace,postureandf

lexibility(柔韧性).Studentsfocusontheuseofproperballetitems(物品),expandingtheirknowledgeofclassicalballettechniquesandimprovin

gmotorskillsforclassicalballetpractice.Theclassisaformalballetclass.Age8—10May16—September710:30am—1

2:00amonSaturdayCreativeMoversStudentscanexplorecreativemovements,balance,focus,thedevelopmentofskills

andmotorplanning.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityandself-confidence,andallowschildrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencou

ragingenvironment.Childrenusetheirimaginationtocelebratemovementsandhavelotsoffun.Age3—5January18—September79:00

am—9:45amonSaturdayJazzJazzincludesmovementsfrombothclassicalballetanddancetechniques.Thisclasswillfocusontra

ditionaljazzdance.Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.Inordertoensureproperplacementforyourchild,weinviteallstudentstoparticipa

teinasample(示例)class.Studentsandparentsworkwithprogramstafftomeetstudents’personaldancegoal.Age5—6May16—September72:00pm—3:00pmonSaturday

HipHopStudentswillbeintroducedtoseveraldifferentaspectsofhiphopdanceincludingpopping,locking,breakingandwaacking(甩手舞)inahigh-energyenvironment.Ourhip

hopinstructorsarehighlyknowledgeableandwillprovidestudentswithawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.Age7—10May16—September7

1:00pm—2:00pmonSunday1.Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?A.Ballet.B.CreativeMovers.C.Jazz.D.HipHop.2.Whatcanstude

ntsdointhejazzclass?A.Makeuseofalltheballetitems.B.Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.C.Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers.D.Gettoknowjazz-stylemovements

.3.Whatisspecialaboutthehiphopclass?A.Itisopeninthemorning.B.ItisavailableonSunday.C.Itteachestraditionaldances.D.Ithasthemostskill

edteachers.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个舞蹈课程。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据CreativeMovers部分的“Age3—5(年龄3到5岁)”可知，CreativeMovers这个课程适合4岁的孩子。故选B。【2题详解】细节理

解题。根据Jazz部分的“Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.(学生将学习爵士风格的节奏和动作。)”可知，学生们在Jazz这课程中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈

动作，故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Ballet部分的“10:30am—12:00amonSaturday”，CreativeMovers部分的“9:00am—9:45amonSaturday”，Jazz部分的“2:00pm—3:00pmonSaturday”以及H

ipHop部分的“1:00pm—2:00pmonSunday”可知，HipHop课时在星期天上课，其他舞蹈课都是在星期六上课，这是它的独特之处。故选B。BFormerDisneychildstarJenniferMcGillrecentlyshared

how,afterhermotherpassedaway,shewentthroughanextremelydarkperiodinherlife.Jenniferwasbornreadyforthestag

e.ShegrewupinalovinghomeinTexas.Andbyage7,shebeggedhermomtoletherentercontests.Jennifer’smomwasuncer

tain.Butseeingherdaughter’shighenergyandunshakableloveofthestage,shefinallysupportedherdaughter’swish.Jenniferwon

manycontests,andsoonherparentswereadvisedtohaveheraudition(试演)forTheNewMickeyMouseClub,aDisneyshow.Jennifertried

outandlandedherdreamjob.ManyofJennifer’sco-starsontheshowwentontorunaftertheircareers.ButaftermanyyearsasaDisneychildstar,Jennif

erdidn’tfeelreadyforHollywoodjustyet.“IjustneededtogrowupandgrowwiserinordertobetheartistIthoughtIwasmeanttobe,”she

said.Instead,Jenniferchosetogoontocollege—adecisionhermotherfullysupported.Jennifer’sparentsweresupportivethroughouthercareerandschooling.Buthe

rmomwasherchampion—aconstantsourceofsupport.Unfortunately,whenJenniferwas24yearsold,hermompassedaway.“Thebiggestlightandfanwasgone,thepersonwho’drem

indedmethatIwasuniqueandvaluable.Iwaskindoflost,”shesaid.Thenextseveralyearsgrewverydark.Shebeganfeelinghe

rselflonely.Shefeltlifelessandpurposeless.MuchasJenniferstillmissedhermother,sherealizedsheshouldgetherlifebacktonormal.She’snow

pursuinganewcareerinmusic.Shealsospendshertimecoachingyoungartists.Sheencouragesthemtoputfameatthebottomoftheirlist.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJenniferf

romParagraph2?A.Shelovedhermotherdeeply.B.Shehadanaturaltalentforacting.C.Herparentsdidn’tsupportheractingcareer.D.Hermotherwasforherde

cisionfromtheverybeginning.5.WhatwasspecialaboutJennifercomparedwithotherDisneychildstars?A.Shewasmuchwiserthanthem.B.She

keptpracticingheractingskills.C.ShegotherselfreadyforHollywood.D.Shedecidedtocontinuehereducation.6.WhatmadeJennif

ersuffergreatly?A.Thedeathofhermother.B.Thelossofsupportfromherfamily.C.ThefailuretobecomeaHollywoodstar.D.Thelackof

couragetopursuehercareer.7.WhichofthefollowingisJennifer’sadvicetoyoungartists?A.Neverforgetthesocialduty.B.Itisimportanttoearnfameinthecareer.C.Nev

erthinktoomuchaboutbeingfamous.D.Getawayfromsorrowassoonaspossible.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介

绍了前迪士尼童星JenniferMcGill的成长过程。母亲去世使JenniferMcGill经历了人生中极其黑暗的时期，但最终她熬过了那段时期，使自己的生活恢复了正常。现在她正在追求音乐方面的新事业，她还花时间指导年轻艺人并告诫她们不要太注重名气。【4题详解

】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Jenniferwasbornreadyforthestage.(Jennifer生来就为登台做准备)”可知，Jennifer天生有表演天赋。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“ManyofJennifer’sco-starsonthesho

wwentontorunaftertheircareers.ButaftermanyyearsasaDisneychildstar,Jenniferdidn’tfeelreadyforHollywoodjustyet.(Jennifer在剧中的许多合作演员继续追求他们的事业。但在做了多年迪士尼

童星之后，Jennifer觉得自己还没有为好莱坞做好准备)”和第五段中的“Instead,Jenniferchosetogoontocollege—adecisionhermotherfullysupported.(相反，

Jennifer选择继续上大学——她的母亲完全支持她的决定)”可知，与其他迪士尼童星相比，Jennifer的特别之处是“她决定继续她的学业。”故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容““Thebiggestlighta

ndfanwasgone,thepersonwho’dremindedmethatIwasuniqueandvaluable.Iwaskindoflost,”shesaid.Thenextseveralyearsgrewverydark.

Shebeganfeelingherselflonely.Shefeltlifelessandpurposeless.(“那个曾经提醒我，我是独一无二的、有价值的人，那个最耀眼的光芒和粉丝走了。我有点迷失了，”她说。接下来的几年变得非常黑暗。她开始感到孤独。

她觉得自己毫无生气，毫无目的)”可知，她母亲的死使Jennifer非常痛苦。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Sheencouragesthemtoputfameatthebottomoftheirlist.(她鼓励他们把名声放在最重要的位置)”可知，Jen

nifer对年轻艺术家的建议是“不要想太多成名的事。”故选C。CChildrenwhosemindswandermighthavesharperbrains,aresearchsuggests.Astudyhasfoundthatpeoplewhoappeartobeof

tendistractedhavemore“workingmemory”,givingthemtheabilitytoholdalotofinformationintheirheadsandmanipulate(操作)itmentally.Chil

drenatschoolneedthistypeofmemoryonadailybasisforavarietyoftasks,suchasfollowingteachers’instructionsorrememberingsentences

.Duringthestudy,volunteerswereaskedtoperformoneoftwosimpletasks,duringwhich,researcherscheckediftheirmindswerewande

ring.Attheend,thevolunteerparticipantsmeasuredtheirownworkingmemorycapacitybytheirabilitytorememberaseriesoflettersinterspersed(插入)wi

thsimplemathsquestions.ProfessorDanielLevinsonsaidthatthosewithhigherworkingmemorycapacityreported“moremindwanderin

gduringthesesimpletasks”,buttheirperformancedidnotsuffer.Theresults,publishedonlineinthejournal,PsychologicalScience,appeartoconfirmformerrese

archthatfoundworkingmemoryallowshumanstodealwithmultiplethoughtssimultaneously(同时地).DrJonathanSmallwoodsaid,“Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestis

that,whenthetaskisn’tverydifficult,peoplewhohaveadditionalworkingmemoryresourcesusethemtothinkaboutotherthin

gsbesideswhatthey’redoing.”Workingmemorycapacityisalsoassociatedwithgeneralmeasuresofintelligence,suchasreadingcomprehensionandIQscores

.DrSmallwoodadded:“Ourresultssuggestthesortsofplanningthatpeopledoquiteoftenindailylife––whentheyareontheb

us,whentheyarecyclingtowork,whentheyareintheshower––areprobablysupportedbyworkingmemory?”“Theirbrainsaretryin

gtoallocate(分配)resourcestothemostpressingproblems.”8.Whatdoesthestudyshowaccordingtothetext?A.Peoplewhosemindwandersoftenhavelowerworkeffici

ency.B.Childrenwhosemindwandersmighthaveagoodmemory.C.Naughtychildren’smindwandersmoreoftenthanthatofotherchildre

n.D.Childrenwhosemindoftenwandersaregoodatsolvingdifficultproblems.9.Duringthestudy,whatdidtheresearchersaskthevolunteerstodo?A.Carryoutones

impletask.B.Retellsomedictatedsentences.C.Followtheteacher’sinstructions.D.Solvesomedifficultmathsproblems.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mu

ltiple”intheseventhparagraph,mean?A.Simple.B.Related.C.Several.D.Changing.11.Accordingtothetext,whenwillthemindsofpeoplebemorelike

lytowander?A.Whentheyfeelnervous.B.Whentheyareinagoodmood.C.Whentheyfinditeasytodoatask.DWhentheyarenotlimitedtoagiventime.

【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明，爱走神的孩子可能拥有更敏锐的大脑。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Astudyhasfoundtha

tpeoplewhoappeartobeoftendistractedhavemore“workingmemory”,givingthemtheabilitytoholdalotofinformationintheirheadsandmanipulate(操作)itm

entally.(一项研究发现，那些看起来经常分心的人拥有更多的“工作记忆”，这使他们能够在头脑中储存大量信息并在心理上操纵它们。)”可知，研究表明走神的孩子可能记忆力好。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Duringthestudy,volunteerswereaskedtop

erformoneoftwosimpletasks,duringwhich,researcherscheckediftheirmindswerewandering.(在研究过程中，志愿者被要求执行两项简单任务中的一项，在此期间，研究人员检查他们是否走神。)”可知，在研究中，研究者让志愿者执行一项

简单的任务。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文“DrJonathanSmallwoodsaid,“Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestisthat,whenthetaskisn’tverydifficult,peoplewhohaveadditionalworking

memoryresourcesusethemtothinkaboutotherthingsbesideswhatthey’redoing.”(乔纳森·斯莫尔伍德博士说:“这项研究似乎表明，当任务不是很困难时，拥有额外工作记忆资源的人会用这些资源来思考他们正在做的事情之外的其他事情。

”)”可知，工作记忆可以让人类同时处理多种想法。multiple意为“多种的”，和several意思接近，故选C。【11题详解】.细节理解题。根据文章第六段“ProfessorDanielLevinsonsaidthatthosewithhigherworkingmemoryc

apacityreported“moremindwanderingduringthesesimpletasks”,buttheirperformancedidnotsuffer.(丹尼尔·莱文森教授说，那些工作记忆能力强的人“在做这些简单的任务时更容易走神

”，但他们的表现并没有受到影响。)”可知，当人们发现做一件事很容易时，他们的思维就更容易走神。故选C。DThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafutur

ist’sdream,yearsawayfromcomingintorealityintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermi

tsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingca

rs,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companiesh

avebeentestingtheircarsincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnolog

ymaychangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationismanaged.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasb

eenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars,policymakersshouldbetalkingmoreabouthowself-drivingcarscanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffer

moreconvenientandaffordablechoicestomovearound.Thearrivalofdriverlesscarsisachancetomakesurethatthosecarsareenvironmentallyfriendlyan

dmoreshared.Dowewanttocopyorevenworsenthetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsow

ntheirself-drivingcars.Theyacceptlongslowjourneystoandfromworkoncrowdedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleep

ontheride.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoadateandsettheemptycartocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafew

blockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwe

lcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(网约车)services.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessc

arsdoesn'tworsenthetransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaldevelopmentpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptra

nsportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplan

forit.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Self-drivingcarsarenotallowedintherealworld.B.Driverlesstaxieswillbeseeneverywhe

reontheroadinashortterm.,C.Californiaisnotaloneintestingdriverlesscars.D.Self-drivingtechnologywilldefinitelybenefittransportat

ionsystem.13.Accordingtotheauthor,policymakersshouldpaymoreattentionto__________.A.howdriverlesscarsc

anhelpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblemsB.howdriverlesscarscantravelsafelyC.howdriverlesscarscantravelfasterD.h

owdriverlesscarscanmovemorepeople14.Whatisapossiblesideeffectofself-drivingcars?A.Journeystoandfromworkbecomelonger.B.Moreandmorepeo

pleabandonpublictransportation.C.Thereisnoplacetoparkthem.D.Theymayresultintrafficjams.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PreparingCitiesfo

rRobotCarsB.FutureTechnologyUnderwayC.TransportationSystemintheFutureD.RobotCarsontheRoad【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

加利福尼亚州正在进行无人驾驶汽车的测试，而且美国很多城市都进了类似的测试，文章分析了无人驾驶汽车给交通带来的诸多好处，建议现代城市都要做好准备迎接这一新技术。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthew

ayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheircarsincitiesacrossthecountry.(应该指出的是，加利福尼亚在这方面并没有领先。各公司一直在全国各地的城市测试他们的汽车)”可知，加利福尼

亚并不是唯一一个测试无人驾驶汽车的州。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thecomingtechnologicaldevelopmentpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesigned

tomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.(即将到来的技术发展为各个城市和州提供了一个发展交通系统的机会，该系统旨在运送更多的人，以更便宜的价格运送)”可知，作者认为，政策制定者应该更多地关注无人驾驶汽车如何帮助解决与交通相关的问题。

故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfound

inride-hailing(网约车)services.(便利甚至导致更少的人乘坐公共交通工具——研究人员已经在网约车服务中发现了一个不受欢迎的副作用)”可知，无人驾驶汽车的便利的一个可能的副作用是越来越多的人放弃公共交通。故选B。【15题详解】主

旨大意题。根据第一段中的“California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheircarsincitiesacrossthecountr

y.(应该指出的是，加利福尼亚在这方面并没有领先。各公司一直在全国各地的城市测试他们的汽车)”可知，加利福尼亚州正在进行无人驾驶汽车的测试，而且美国很多城市都进了类似的测试，文章分析了无人驾驶汽车给交通带来的诸多好处，建议现代城市都要做好准备

迎接这一新技术。由此可知，PreparingCitiesforRobotCars(为无人驾驶汽车准备城市)适合做本文标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

HowtoprepareforawildfireBeforeyoucaneffectivelyprepare,it’sveryimportanttounderstandhowwildfiresoperate.Manyt

hinkwildfiresdestroyhomesbecauseawallofflames(火焰)movesacrossthelandscape.____16____.Nowthatyouknowwhataw

ildfireis,here’showyoucanprotectyourhomeandyourfamily.____17____Creatingadefensiblespacearoundyourhomeactsasabarrieragainstwildfireflames.Homehar

deninginvolvesconstructingwithfire-resistantmaterials.Investing$10,000to$20,000inthesemeasuressignificantlyreducesthechanceofahomebeingrav

agedbyawildfire,loweringriskby75%.RemovedeadtreebranchesSimilartodryorbaggedleaves,deadtreebranchesaredry,whichmeansthey,too,cancatchfirequic

kly.Ifyouhaveanyhangingfromtreesorlayinginyouryard,removethemASAP.Thesameruleapplieswhenremovingdeadtreebranches:____18____.Createanevacuati

on(撤离)planFamiliesshouldgooveranevacuationplanandpracticeitwellbeforeanemergencyactuallyoccurs.Knowingwhentole

aveandbeingabletogoquicklyiscrucialduringanevacuationscenario.____19____.Thenplanyourprimaryandalternativeevacuationroute,and

assembleemergencysuppliesandstorethemwhereyoucangettothemquickly.Makesuregutters(水槽)aremadeofmetal____20

____.Fixmetalguttercoverstoreduceleaflitterandwindblowndebris.Thiswillensurethatthingsdon’tburninthemandspreadfiretoyourhome.Don’tpressure

-washgutters;itcandamagethemorpullthemoffyourhouse.A.DonotstorethemclosetothehouseB.ReplaceplasticgutterswithmetalonesC.Thingsweallhavearearoundourh

omesD.It’simportanttokeepawayfromwildfireE.BuilddefensiblespacesandhardenyourhomeF.SetameetupdestinationforallfamilymembersfirstG.Actually,it

’stinywind-blownthingsthatdestroymostofthem【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.F20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预防野火的几个准备措施。【16题详解】根据空后内容“Nowthatyou

knowwhatawildfireis,here’showyoucanprotectyourhomeandyourfamily.(现在你知道了什么是野火，下面是你如何保护你的家和你的家人。)”可知，上文解释了何谓野火。选项G“Actually,it’stinywind-blownthin

gsthatdestroymostofthem(实际上，是被风吹来的小东西摧毁了它们中的大部分)”延续空前内容“Manythinkwildfiresdestroyhomesbecauseawalloffl

ames(火焰)movesacrossthelandscape.(许多人认为野火会摧毁房屋，因为一堵火焰墙会穿过地面。)”，解释了野火的具体含义。故选G。【17题详解】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Creati

ngadefensiblespacearoundyourhomeactsasabarrieragainstwildfireflames.Homehardeninginvolvesconstructingwithfire

-resistantmaterials.Investing$10,000to$20,000inthesemeasuressignificantlyreducesthechanceofahomebeingravagedbyawildfire,loweringriskby

75%.(在你家周围创造一个可防御的空间，作为抵御野火的屏障。房屋加固包括用耐火材料建造。在这些措施上投资1万到2万美元，可以显著降低房屋被野火破坏的几率，将风险降低75%。)”可知，本段主要建议我们建造一个防御空间。选项E“Bu

ilddefensiblespacesandhardenyourhome(建造可防御的空间，加固你的家)”符合本段主要内容，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Similartodryorbaggedleaves,deadtreebranchesaredr

y,whichmeansthey,too,cancatchfirequickly.Ifyouhaveanyhangingfromtreesorlayinginyouryard,removethemASAP.(与干

燥或袋装叶子类似，枯死的树枝也很干燥，这意味着它们也会很快着火。如果你有挂在树上或躺在你的院子里，尽快把它们移走。)”可知，枯死的树枝很干燥，容易着火，所以要把枯死的树枝移走。空前“Thesameruleapplieswhenremovingdeadtreebranches(同样的规则也适用于移

除枯枝：)”可知，把枯死的树枝移走这个规则也适用于移除枯枝，也就是不要放在院子里。选项A“Donotstorethemclosetothehouse(不要在房子附近存放)”符合上文内容，故选A。【19题详解】根据上

文“Knowingwhentoleaveandbeingabletogoquicklyiscrucialduringanevacuationscenario.(在疏散场景中，知道什么时候离开并能够快速离开是至关重要的。)”可知，在疏散时快速离开很重要。选项F“Setameetupdestin

ationforallfamilymembersfirst(首先为所有家庭成员设定一个见面地点)”是上文内容的具体阐述，指的是在演习疏散场景时应该首先明确见面地点；而且，选项F中的“first”也和下文“Thenplanyour

primaryandalternativeevacuationroute,andassembleemergencysuppliesandstorethemwhereyoucangettothemquic

kly.(然后计划好你的主要和备用疏散路线，并将应急物资储存在你可以快速到达的地方。)”中的“then”保持一致。故选F。【20题详解】根据下文“Fixmetalguttercoverstoreduceleaflitterandwindblownd

ebris.Thiswillensurethatthingsdon’tburninthemandspreadfiretoyourhome.(固定金属水槽盖，以减少落叶和风吹的碎片。这将确保东西不会在里面燃烧，并

将火蔓延到你的家。)”可知，空处提到了金属水槽。选项B“Replaceplasticgutterswithmetalones(用金属水槽代替塑料水槽)”符合小标题“Makesuregutters(水槽)aremadeofmetal(确保排水沟是由金属制成的

)”内容，同时引出下文内容。故选B。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MyclassstartedasscheduledoneMondayattheUnive

rsityofNevada.However,outofcuriosityI___21___askedmystudentshowtheirweekendhadbeen.Oneyoungmansaidthathisweekendhadnotbeenverygood.He’dhadh

iswisdomteeth___22___out.TheyoungmanthenwentontoaskmewhyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful.His___23___remindedmeo

fsomethingI’dreadsomewherebefore.“Everymorningwhenyougetup,youhavea(n)___24___abouthowyouwanttoapproachlifethatday,“Isaidtotheyo

ungman.“Ichoosetobecheerful.Letmegiveyouanexample,”Icontinued,Theotherstudentsbegantolistentoour___25___.Itoldthemthatmycarhadbrokendownonthewaytot

heclassthatmorning.Upongettingtotheuniversity,Icalledtoaskforatowtruck(牵引车).Thesecretaryintheofficeaskedmewhathadhappe

ned.“Thisismyluckyday，”Ireplied,smiling.“Yourcar___26___andtodayisyourluckyday?”shewas___27___”Ilive17milesfromhere,“Ireplied.”Mycarc

ouldhavebrokendownanywherealongthefreeway,butitdidn’t.Instead,itbrokedowninthe___28___place:offthefreeway,w

ithinwalking___29___ofhere.I’mstillabletoteachmyclass,andI’vebeenableto___30___forthetowtrucktomeetmeafterclass.Ifmycarw

asmeanttobreakdowntoday,itcouldn’thavebeenarrangedinamore___31___way.”Thesecretary’seyesopenedwide,andthenshe_

__32___.Ismiledbackandheadedforclass.Ilookedatallthefacesinthelecturehall.___33___itwastheearlyhour,nooneseemedtobeasleep.Somehow,mys

toryhadtouchedthem,Infact,ithadallstartedwithastudent’s___34___thatIwascheerful.Awisemanoncesaid,“Ourattitudetowardslife___3

5___life’sattitudetowardsus.”Isupposeitmustbeso.21.A.carefullyB.suddenlyC.slowlyD.cheerfully22.A.pushedB.putC.pulledD.made23.

A.requirementB.suggestionC.replyD.question24.A.positionB.choiceC.rightD.idea25.A.quarrelB.fightC.argumentD.conversation26.A.tookdownB.blewdownC

.brokeupD.brokedown27.A.excitedB.worriedC.puzzledD.depressed28.A.singleB.noisyC.perfectD.attractive29.A.speedB.distan

ceC.directionD.time30.A.controlB.informC.arrangeD.beg31.A.complexB.usefulC.skillfulD.convenient32.A.shockedB.sighedC.criedD.smiled33.A.ThoughB.Be

causeC.AsD.Since34.A.observationB.guideC.adviceD.survey35.A.determinesB.controlsC.managesD.helps【答案】21.D22.C23.D24.B25.D26.D27.C28.C

29.B30.C31.D32.D33.A34.A35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位大学教授和学生之间的对话，教授分享了他积极乐观面对生活的态度，他通过一个故事向学生们解释了为什么他总是看起来如此开心和快乐。【

21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，出于好奇，我兴致勃勃地问我的学生周末过得怎么样。A.carefully小心地；B.suddenly突然地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.cheerfully兴致勃勃。根据下文“TheyoungmanthenwentontoaskmewhyIalway

sseemedtobesocheerful.(然后年轻人继续问我为什么我总是看起来那么高兴。)”可知，我是兴致勃勃地问学生们，故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的智齿拔掉了。A.pushed推；B.put放

；C.pulled拔；D.made制造。根据“He’dhadhiswisdomteeth”可知，此处表示“拔掉智齿”，故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在某处读到的东西。A.requirement要求；B.suggestion建议；C.reply

答复；D.question问题。根据上文“whyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful.”可知是学生的问题让我想起了以前读到的东西，故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“每天早上起床时，你都可以选择如何对待那天的生活，”我对年轻人说。A.

position立场；B.choice选择；C.right权利；D.idea想法。根据下文“Ichoosetobecheerful”可知为“选择”，故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他学生开始听我们的谈话。A.quarre

l争吵；B.fight打架；C.argument争论；D.conversation谈话。根据上文“whyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful.His___3___remindedmeofsomethingI’dreadsomew

herebefore.“Everymorningwhenyougetup,youhavea(n)___4___abouthowyouwanttoapproachlifethatday,“Isaidtotheyoun

gman.”可知是学生和作者之间的对话，故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“你的车抛锚了，今天是你的幸运日？”A.tookdown打倒；B.blewdown炸毁；C.brokeup分手；D.brokedown抛锚。根据上文“mycarhadbro

kendownonthewaytotheclassthatmorning”可知，是作者的车抛锚了，学生不理解作者为什么说是幸运的，发出疑问，故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很困惑。A.excited兴奋的；B.worried担心的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.depres

sed沮丧的。作者的车抛锚了，学生不理解作者为什么说是幸运的，感到困惑。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，它在完美的地方抛锚了：高速公路旁，步行即可到达这里。A.single单身的；B.noisy吵闹的

；C.perfect完美的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根据上文“Mycarcouldhavebrokendownanywherealongthefreeway,butitdidn’t.(我的车可能会在高速公路上的任何地方抛锚，但它没有。)”可知，因为车子不是在高速公

路上抛锚的，作者认为它抛锚的地方很好，故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，它在完美的地方抛锚了：高速公路旁，步行即可到达这里。A.speed速度；B.distance距离；C.directi

on方向；D.time时间。根据“withinwalking___9___ofhere.”可知，汽车抛锚的地方距离学校不算远，步行即可到达，故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然可以教我的课，我已经能够安排拖车在下课后与我见面。A.control控制；B.

inform通知；C.arrange安排；D.beg乞讨。根据“I’mstillabletoteachmyclass,andI’vebeenableto___10___forthetowtrucktomeetmeafterclass”可知，作者安排

了拖车在课后见面。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车今天注定要抛锚，那么这样的安排再省事不过了。A.complex复杂的；B.useful有用的；C.skillful熟练的；D.convenie

nt省事的。根据“itcouldn’thavebeenarrangedinamore___11___way.”可知，如果车子注定要抛锚，没有耽搁作者的工作，并且拖车也安排在了课后，那么这样的安排再省事不过了，故选D项。【32题详解】考查

动词词义辨析。句意：秘书的眼睛睁得大大的，然后她笑了。A.shocked震惊；B.sighed叹息；C.cried哭泣；D.smiled微笑。根据下文“Ismiledback”可知，他的秘书是微笑，故选D项。【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然一大早，却没有人有丝

毫困意。A.Though虽然；B.Because因为；C.As因为；D.Since自从。根据“itwastheearlyhour,nooneseemedtobeasleep”可知前后为让步转折，虽然是一大早，但是没有人有困意，故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一

切都始于一个学生所观察到的——我很快乐。A.observation观察；B.guide指导；C.advice建议；D.survey调查。根据上文“eyoungmanthenwentontoaskmewhyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful”

可知，这个学生通过对作者的观察发现作者每天都是兴致勃勃的。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位智者曾经说过，我们对生活的态度决定了生活对我们的态度。A.determines决定；B.control

s控制；C.manages管理；D.helps帮助。根据“Ourattitudetowardslife___15___life’sattitudetowardsus.”可知我们对待生活的态度决定了生活对待

我们的态度，故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Awomanhasbeenreunitedwithherlong-lostf

atherafter56yearsapart.Andit’sallbecausehewas“suggested”asafriendonFacebook.KarenHarris,now56yearsold,____36

____(bring)upbyherfosterparents(养父母).Whensheturned18,是Harrisapproachedanadoptionagency,____37____(hope)tofindherbirthparents.Sheknewno

thingaboutherbirthparentsand____38____(they)family,butafterasocialworkersharedwithheruseful____39____(detail),Harr

isfoundhermothertenyearslater.Howeverfindingherfatherprovedtobemore____40____(difficulty).Sheknewhewas____41____

engineerfromCroydonandhisnamewasTrevorSinden.Butshefailed____42____(find)himwithsuchlittleinformationuntildecadeslater____43____shesawthenam

eappearonthe“SuggestedFriends”featureofFacebook.Thepairthenchattedforseveralweeksbeforemeeting____44____thefirstt

imelastweek.Theybothsaidthatitwaslikethey____45____(know)eachothertheirwholelives.【答案】36.wasbrought37.hoping38.their39.details40.diffi

cult41.an42.tofind43.when44.for45.hadknown【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了KarenHarris通过Facebook的“推荐好友”功能，在与父

亲分开56年后与他重聚的故事。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：KarenHarris现年56岁，由养父母抚养长大。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，结合“now56yearsold”可知句子表述过去事实，故使用

一般现在时。同时bringup意为“养育”其与KarenHarris之间是被动关系。故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasbrought。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：18岁时，Harris找到一家收养机构，希望能找到

自己的亲生父母。句中approached为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，Harris与hope之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填hoping。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：她对亲生父母和他们

的家庭一无所知，但在一位社会工作者向她分享了一些有用的细节后，Harris在十年后找到了她的母亲。分析句子，设空处使用they的形容词性物主代词their作定语修饰名,词family，意为“他们的”。故填their。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用名

词作宾语，此处detail意为“细节”，其为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填details。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，找到她的父亲却更加困难。分析句子，设空处使用difficulty的形容词difficu

lt作表语，意为“困难的”。故填difficult。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：她知道他是克罗伊登的一名工程师，名叫特雷弗·辛登。分析句子，engineer为可数名词，设空处应该使用冠词，此处表示泛指，同时engineer首字母为元音音素

。故填an。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但她没能凭借这么少的信息找到他，直到几十年后，她在Facebook的“推荐好友”功能上看到了这个名字。句中failtodo为固定短语，意为“未能做某事”。使用不定式结构作宾语。故填t

ofind。【43题详解】考查状语从句。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处引导的是时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”用when。故填when。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：两人聊了几个星期，上周才第一次见面。句中forthefirsttime为固定短语，意为“第一次”。故填for。【4

5题详解】考查动词。句意：他们俩都说他们好像从生下来就认识了。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句意以及was可知，句子表述动作发生在“过去的过去”，故使用过去完成时。故填hadknown。第四部分写作(共两节满分40分)第

一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，暑假已经结束，你的美国朋友Alex想要了解你在暑假期间的情况，请你根据下面提示，给他写一封回信。1.暑假期间的主要活动(学习和生活)；2.这个暑假对你的意义；3.新学期的展望。要求：1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dea

rAlex,__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearAlex，Iamverygladtohearfromyou.Knowingfromyou

rlastletterthatyouarewonderingmylastsummervacation，Iamwritingtotellyousomethingaboutit.Ihadaverybusysummervacation．Firstofall，Ihelpedmy

parentsdohouseworkandchattedwiththemasmuchaspossible，makingusunderstandeachotherbetter.Besides，Ididapart-timejobsothatmyinterpersonalskillscouldbe

improved.Lastbutnotleast，Ireadsomebooksanddidmyhomeworkaccordingtotherequirements.Thebusysummervacationpreparedabet

termeforthenextschoolyearandIamsureIcanmakegreaterprogressinmystudyandlifeinthenearfuture.What'syour

summervacation？Iamlookingforwardtoyoursharing.Yours，LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，暑假已经结束，你的美国朋友Alex想要了解你在暑假期间的

情况，请你根据下面提示，给他写一封回信。1.暑假期间的主要活动(学习和生活)；2.这个暑假对你的意义；3.新学期的展望。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted此外：besides→what’smore最重要的是：firstofall→aboveall确信：besure→mak

esure2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Firstofall，Ihelpedmyparentsdohouseworkandchattedwiththemasmuchaspossible，makingusunderstandeachotherbetter.拓展句

：Firstofall，Ihelpedmyparentsdohouseworkandchattedwiththemasmuchaspossible，sothatIcouldmakeusunderstandeachotherbetter.【点

睛】【高分句型1】Knowingfromyourlastletterthatyouarewonderingmylastsummervacation，Iamwritingtotellyousomethingaboutit.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和现在

分词作状语）【高分句型2】Besides，Ididapart-timejobsothatmyinterpersonalskillscouldbeimproved.（运用了sothat引导的目的状语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所

给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onemorning,Ann’sneighborTracyfoundalostdogwanderingaroundthelocalelementaryschool.SheaskedAnnifshecouldke

epaneyeonthedogandsheplannedtofinditsowner.Annagreed,butshesaidthatshecouldwatchitonlyforthedaybecausesheneededtotakecareofh

erson.Atthetime,hersonThomaswas10yearsold,whowasrecoveringfromaheartoperation.Later,Tracytookphotosofthedog

,printedoff400FOUNDfliers,puttheminmailboxesandbegantofindthedog’sowner.Meanwhile,Annboughtsomepetsup

plies,warninghersonnottofallinlovewiththedog.However,hersonwasfilledwithexcitementasheknewthathismothergotadogbackhome.Hepla

nnedtoprovidethedogwithsomefoodeveryday.Fourdayslater,Annandhersonwerestilllookingafterthedog,whomtheyhad

startedtocallRiley.Duringthefourdays,theytookcareofthedogcarefully,providedsomefood,tookashowerandplaye

dwithit,andtheyhadalreadybecomethebestfriends.Theeveningofthefifthday,whenAnnarrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewi

tselfagainstthedoorandbarkedmadlyather.Assoonassheopenedthedoor,Rileydashedintotheboys’roomwhereAnnfoundThomassufferingf

romaheartattack.RileyranovertoThomas,butassoonasAnnbentovertohelphim,thedogwentsilent.Thedoctorsaidifithadn’tcometogethismotherintime,Thomaswouldhav

edied.Luckily,withthedoctor’shelp,Thomascouldgohometomorrowmorning.“Mum,canwekeepitifwecan’tfinditsowner?Evenwecanaskforpermissionifwefindtheowner,”

Thomasaskedhismotherwhentheycamebackhome.“Wellsincenoonehascalledtoclaimit,wedecidetokeepit,”hismotherreplied.Hearingthat,Thom

aswasexcited.,注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。However,thenextday,AnnwastoldamannamedPeterrecognizedhislostdog.______________________________

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___________________________________________Peter’scarcameandThomasstoodsilentlybesidehiscar.__________________________________________

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答案】参考范文：However,thenextday,AnnwastoldamannamedPeterrecognizedhislostdog.TracysaidPetercalledthenumberontheflier.AnntoldTracywhathadh

appenedduringthesedaysandevenstartedcrying.Atthesametime,Annshowedgreatgratitudetothedog.AndTracytoldAnnthatPeterwoulddrivetoherhousetopickuphisdo

gthisafternoon.Later,AnntoldThomastheownerhadcalledtoclaimRiley,theyneededtoreturnittotheowner.Hearingthatnews,Thomasputhishandsoverhismo

uth.Hiseyeswerewideopenforhecouldn’tbelievewhathadhappened.However,hehadtofacethetruth.Peter’scarcameandThomasstoodsilentlybesidehisca

r.AnntookRileyfromherhome.Seeingthat,Thomas’tearswererollingdownhischeeks.RileysatbesideThomas,sometimesranaroundhimandshouted:womwo

m,whichclearlyshowedthatRileydidn’twanttoleavehisfriend,Thomas.Atlast,ThomasaskedPeter,“CanwekeepRiley?”Knowingthispoint,Peterthoughtaboutitforamo

ment,andthensaid,“Maybemydogwassupposedtofindyou,maybeyoushouldkeepit.”Hearingthat,ThomasranaroundafterRiley,o

bviously,theywerefullofjoy.【解析】【导语】本文以狗为线索，讲述了一只迷路的小狗被Ann收留并救了Ann儿子一命的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“然而，第二天，安被告知一个名叫彼得的人认出了他丢失的狗。”可知，第一段可描

述Peter看到传单上的狗并打电话询问。Ann对这只狗表达了感谢，Peter开车去接狗回家。Thomas知道这个消息后很难过，但也得面对现实。②由第二段首句内容“彼得的车来了，托马斯静静地站在他的车旁边。”可知，第二段可描述Thomas的难过，最后Peter看到狗也不愿意离开

。最终让Thomas留下了狗。2.续写线索：认出狗——接狗回家——难过，不舍——留下狗——开心3.词汇激活行为类①流下：rolldown/streamdown②归还：return/giveback③充满：befullof/befilledwith/beoverwhe

lmedwith情绪类①感激：showgreatgratitudeto/expressappreciation②乐趣：joy/pleasure【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearingthatnews,Thomasputhishandsoverhismouth.（运用了现在分词作

状语）【高分句型2】RileysatbesideThomas,sometimesranaroundhimandshouted:womwom,whichclearlyshowedthatRileydidn’twanttoleavehisfriend,Thomas.(运用了which引导的非限制性定

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