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高二上学期第一次诊断练习英语试卷考试时间：120分钟满分：150分本试卷各试题答案必须在答题纸上规定的答题区域内作答，否则无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5

段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一篇。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.

Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workingonaproject.3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoi

ngtothepark?A.It’sbig.B.It’squiet.C.It’snew.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Whereistheman’st

able?A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout.B.Goshoppi

ng.C.Dosports.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husb

andandwife.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.It’sea

sytohirepeople.9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A.Finishitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doonedepartmentata

time.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum.11.WhatdidPeterdoinCh

icago?A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A.Rembra

ndt’s.B.Botticelli’s.C.Rubens’.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.

Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A.March.B.August.C.October.15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?A.Hehadtocatchupwi

thhisstudy.B.Hewasofferedabetterone.C.Hegottiredofit.16.WhatisSusan’sattitudetoJohn’sproblem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving

.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.18.Whywasthe2016

Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace.19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A.Gettingoveran

injury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisplantogoforthegold.

B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADanceClassesBal

letBalletteachesgrace,postureandflexibility(柔韧性).Studentsfocusontheuseofproperballetitems(物品),expandingtheirkno

wledgeofclassicalballettechniquesandimprovingmotorskillsforclassicalballetpractice.Theclassisaformalballet

class.Age8—10May16—September710:30am—12:00amonSaturdayCreativeMoversStudentscanexplorecreativemovements,balance,focus,thedevelopment

ofskillsandmotorplanning.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityandself-confidence,andallowschildrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencour

agingenvironment.Childrenusetheirimaginationtocelebratemovementsandhavelotsoffun.Age3—5January18—September79:00am—9:45amonSaturdayJazzJazzinclude

smovementsfrombothclassicalballetanddancetechniques.Thisclasswillfocusontraditionaljazzdance.Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhyt

hmsandmovements.Inordertoensureproperplacementforyourchild,weinviteallstudentstoparticipateinasample(示例)class.Studentsandparent

sworkwithprogramstafftomeetstudents’personaldancegoal.Age5—6May16—September72:00pm—3:00pmonSaturdayHipHopStudentswillbeintroduce

dtoseveraldifferentaspectsofhiphopdanceincludingpopping,locking,breakingandwaacking(甩手舞)inahigh-energyenv

ironment.Ourhiphopinstructorsarehighlyknowledgeableandwillprovidestudentswithawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.Age7—10May16—September71:00pm—2

:00pmonSunday1.Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?A.Ballet.B.CreativeMovers.C.Jazz.D.HipHop.2.Wh

atcanstudentsdointhejazzclass?A.Makeuseofalltheballetitems.B.Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.C.Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers.D

.Gettoknowjazz-stylemovements.3.Whatisspecialaboutthehiphopclass?A.Itisopeninthemorning.B.ItisavailableonSunday.C.Itteachestraditionaldances.D.Ithast

hemostskilledteachers.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个舞蹈课程。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据CreativeMovers部分的“Age3—

5(年龄3到5岁)”可知，CreativeMovers这个课程适合4岁的孩子。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Jazz部分的“Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.(学生将学习爵士风格的节奏和动作。)”

可知，学生们在Jazz这课程中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈动作，故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Ballet部分的“10:30am—12:00amonSaturday”，CreativeMovers部分的“9:00am—9:45amonSaturday”

，Jazz部分的“2:00pm—3:00pmonSaturday”以及HipHop部分的“1:00pm—2:00pmonSunday”可知，HipHop课时在星期天上课，其他舞蹈课都是在星期六上课，这是它的独特之处。故选B。BFormerDisne

ychildstarJenniferMcGillrecentlysharedhow,afterhermotherpassedaway,shewentthroughanextremelydarkperiodinherlife.Jenniferwasbornreadyforthes

tage.ShegrewupinalovinghomeinTexas.Andbyage7,shebeggedhermomtoletherentercontests.Jennifer’smomwasuncertain.Butseeingherdaugh

ter’shighenergyandunshakableloveofthestage,shefinallysupportedherdaughter’swish.Jenniferwonmanycontests,andsoonherparentswereadvisedtohaveheraud

ition(试演)forTheNewMickeyMouseClub,aDisneyshow.Jennifertriedoutandlandedherdreamjob.ManyofJennifer’sco-starsontheshowwentontorunaftertheircareers.Buta

ftermanyyearsasaDisneychildstar,Jenniferdidn’tfeelreadyforHollywoodjustyet.“IjustneededtogrowupandgrowwiserinordertobetheartistIthoughtIwasmeanttob

e,”shesaid.Instead,Jenniferchosetogoontocollege—adecisionhermotherfullysupported.Jennifer’sparentsweresupportivethroughouthercareerandschool

ing.Buthermomwasherchampion—aconstantsourceofsupport.Unfortunately,whenJenniferwas24yearsold,hermompassedaway.“Thebiggestlightandfanwasgone,theper

sonwho’dremindedmethatIwasuniqueandvaluable.Iwaskindoflost,”shesaid.Thenextseveralyearsgrewverydark.Shebeganfeelingherselflonely.Shefeltlifele

ssandpurposeless.MuchasJenniferstillmissedhermother,sherealizedsheshouldgetherlifebacktonormal.She’snowp

ursuinganewcareerinmusic.Shealsospendshertimecoachingyoungartists.Sheencouragesthemtoputfameatthebottomofthei

rlist.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJenniferfromParagraph2?A.Shelovedhermotherdeeply.B.Shehadanaturaltalentforacting.C.Herparentsdidn’t

supportheractingcareer.D.Hermotherwasforherdecisionfromtheverybeginning.5.WhatwasspecialaboutJennifercomparedwithotherDisne

ychildstars?A.Shewasmuchwiserthanthem.B.Shekeptpracticingheractingskills.C.ShegotherselfreadyforHollywood.D.Shedecidedtocontinuehereducation

.6.WhatmadeJennifersuffergreatly?A.Thedeathofhermother.B.Thelossofsupportfromherfamily.C.ThefailuretobecomeaHollywoodstar.D.Thelackofcouragetop

ursuehercareer.7.WhichofthefollowingisJennifer’sadvicetoyoungartists?A.Neverforgetthesocialduty.B.It

isimportanttoearnfameinthecareer.C.Neverthinktoomuchaboutbeingfamous.D.Getawayfromsorrowassoonaspossible.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙

文。文章介绍了前迪士尼童星JenniferMcGill的成长过程。母亲去世使JenniferMcGill经历了人生中极其黑暗的时期，但最终她熬过了那段时期，使自己的生活恢复了正常。现在她正在追求音乐方面的新事业，她还花时间指导年轻艺人并告诫

她们不要太注重名气。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Jenniferwasbornreadyforthestage.(Jennifer生来就为登台做准备)”可知，Jennifer天生有表演天赋。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Manyo

fJennifer’sco-starsontheshowwentontorunaftertheircareers.ButaftermanyyearsasaDisneychildstar,Jenniferdidn’tfeelreadyforHollywoodjustyet.(Je

nnifer在剧中的许多合作演员继续追求他们的事业。但在做了多年迪士尼童星之后，Jennifer觉得自己还没有为好莱坞做好准备)”和第五段中的“Instead,Jenniferchosetogoontocollege—adeci

sionhermotherfullysupported.(相反，Jennifer选择继续上大学——她的母亲完全支持她的决定)”可知，与其他迪士尼童星相比，Jennifer的特别之处是“她决定继续她的学业。”故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容““Thebiggestlighta

ndfanwasgone,thepersonwho’dremindedmethatIwasuniqueandvaluable.Iwaskindoflost,”shesaid.Thenextseveralyearsgrewverydark.Shebeganfeeli

ngherselflonely.Shefeltlifelessandpurposeless.(“那个曾经提醒我，我是独一无二的、有价值的人，那个最耀眼的光芒和粉丝走了。我有点迷失了，”她说。接下来的几年变得非常黑暗。她开始感到孤独。她

觉得自己毫无生气，毫无目的)”可知，她母亲的死使Jennifer非常痛苦。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Sheencouragesthemtoputfameatthebottomoftheirlist.(她鼓励他们把名声放在最重要的位置)”可知，Jennifer对年轻艺

术家的建议是“不要想太多成名的事。”故选C。CChildrenwhosemindswandermighthavesharperbrains,aresearchsuggests.Astudyhasfoundthatpeoplewho

appeartobeoftendistractedhavemore“workingmemory”,givingthemtheabilitytoholdalotofinformationintheirheadsandmanipulate(操作)itme

ntally.Childrenatschoolneedthistypeofmemoryonadailybasisforavarietyoftasks,suchasfollowingteachers’instructionsorrememberingsentences.Duringthes

tudy,volunteerswereaskedtoperformoneoftwosimpletasks,duringwhich,researcherscheckediftheirmindswerewandering.Attheend,th

evolunteerparticipantsmeasuredtheirownworkingmemorycapacitybytheirabilitytorememberaseriesoflettersinterspersed(插入)withsimplemathsquestions.Professo

rDanielLevinsonsaidthatthosewithhigherworkingmemorycapacityreported“moremindwanderingduringthesesimpletasks”,

buttheirperformancedidnotsuffer.Theresults,publishedonlineinthejournal,PsychologicalScience,appeartoconfirmf

ormerresearchthatfoundworkingmemoryallowshumanstodealwithmultiplethoughtssimultaneously(同时地).DrJonathanSmallwoodsaid,“Whatthisstudysee

mstosuggestisthat,whenthetaskisn’tverydifficult,peoplewhohaveadditionalworkingmemoryresourcesusethemtothinkaboutotherthingsbesideswhat

they’redoing.”Workingmemorycapacityisalsoassociatedwithgeneralmeasuresofintelligence,suchasreadingcomprehensionan

dIQscores.DrSmallwoodadded:“Ourresultssuggestthesortsofplanningthatpeopledoquiteoftenindailylife––whentheyareonthebus,whentheyare

cyclingtowork,whentheyareintheshower––areprobablysupportedbyworkingmemory?”“Theirbrainsaretryingtoallocate(分配)resourcestothemostpressing

problems.”8.Whatdoesthestudyshowaccordingtothetext?A.Peoplewhosemindwandersoftenhavelowerworkefficiency.B.Child

renwhosemindwandersmighthaveagoodmemory.C.Naughtychildren’smindwandersmoreoftenthanthatofotherchildren.D.Child

renwhosemindoftenwandersaregoodatsolvingdifficultproblems.9.Duringthestudy,whatdidtheresearchersaskthevolunteers

todo?A.Carryoutonesimpletask.B.Retellsomedictatedsentences.C.Followtheteacher’sinstructions.D.Solvesomedifficultmathsproblems

.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“multiple”intheseventhparagraph,mean?A.Simple.B.Related.C.Several.D.Changing.11.A

ccordingtothetext,whenwillthemindsofpeoplebemorelikelytowander?A.Whentheyfeelnervous.B.Whentheyareinagoodmood.C.Whentheyfinditeasytodoatask.DWhenthey

arenotlimitedtoagiventime.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明，爱走神的孩子可能拥有更敏锐的大脑。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据

文章第二段“Astudyhasfoundthatpeoplewhoappeartobeoftendistractedhavemore“workingmemory”,givingthemtheabilitytoholdalotofinform

ationintheirheadsandmanipulate(操作)itmentally.(一项研究发现，那些看起来经常分心的人拥有更多的“工作记忆”，这使他们能够在头脑中储存大量信息并在心理上操纵它们。)”可知，研究表明走神的孩子可能记忆力好。故选B。【9

题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Duringthestudy,volunteerswereaskedtoperformoneoftwosimpletasks,duringwhich,researchersch

eckediftheirmindswerewandering.(在研究过程中，志愿者被要求执行两项简单任务中的一项，在此期间，研究人员检查他们是否走神。)”可知，在研究中，研究者让志愿者执行一项简单的任务。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文“DrJonathanSmallwoodsa

id,“Whatthisstudyseemstosuggestisthat,whenthetaskisn’tverydifficult,peoplewhohaveadditionalworkingmem

oryresourcesusethemtothinkaboutotherthingsbesideswhatthey’redoing.”(乔纳森·斯莫尔伍德博士说:“这项研究似乎表明，当任务不是很困难时，

拥有额外工作记忆资源的人会用这些资源来思考他们正在做的事情之外的其他事情。”)”可知，工作记忆可以让人类同时处理多种想法。multiple意为“多种的”，和several意思接近，故选C。【11题详解】.细节理解题。根据文章第六段“ProfessorDanielLevinsonsaid

thatthosewithhigherworkingmemorycapacityreported“moremindwanderingduringthesesimpletasks”,buttheirperformancedidnotsuffer.(丹尼尔·

莱文森教授说，那些工作记忆能力强的人“在做这些简单的任务时更容易走神”，但他们的表现并没有受到影响。)”可知，当人们发现做一件事很容易时，他们的思维就更容易走神。故选C。DThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcar

shasoftenseemedlikeafuturist’sdream,yearsawayfromcomingintorealityintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforn

iaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompan

iestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companiesh

avebeentestingtheircarsincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongitt

akes,thetechnologymaychangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationismanaged.Whilemuchofthedebateso

farhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars,policymakersshouldbetalkingmoreabouthowself-drivingcarscanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)a

ndoffermoreconvenientandaffordablechoicestomovearound.Thearrivalofdriverlesscarsisachancetomakesurethatthosec

arsareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopyorevenworsenthetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineaf

uturewheremostadultsowntheirself-drivingcars.Theyacceptlongslowjourneystoandfromworkoncrowdedhighwaysbecausethey

canwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoadateandsettheemptycartocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofw

alkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—

anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(网约车)services.Policymakersshouldstartthinki

ngnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlesscarsdoesn'tworsenthetransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaldevelopment

presentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejustha

vetoplanforit.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Self-drivingcarsarenotallowedintherealworld.B.Driverlesstaxieswillbes

eeneverywhereontheroadinashortterm.,C.Californiaisnotaloneintestingdriverlesscars.D.Self-drivingtechnologywilldefinitelybenefittransportationsy

stem.13.Accordingtotheauthor,policymakersshouldpaymoreattentionto__________.A.howdriverlesscarscanhelpdealwithtransportation-relatedpr

oblemsB.howdriverlesscarscantravelsafelyC.howdriverlesscarscantravelfasterD.howdriverlesscarscanmovemo

repeople14.Whatisapossiblesideeffectofself-drivingcars?A.Journeystoandfromworkbecomelonger.B.Moreandmorepeopleabandonpublictransporta

tion.C.Thereisnoplacetoparkthem.D.Theymayresultintrafficjams.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PreparingCitiesfor

RobotCarsB.FutureTechnologyUnderwayC.TransportationSystemintheFutureD.RobotCarsontheRoad【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。加利福尼亚州正在进行无人驾驶汽车的测

试，而且美国很多城市都进了类似的测试，文章分析了无人驾驶汽车给交通带来的诸多好处，建议现代城市都要做好准备迎接这一新技术。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tle

adingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheircarsincitiesacrossthecountry.(应该指出的是，加利福尼亚在这方面并没有领先。各公司一直在全国各地的城市测试他们的汽车)”可知，加利福尼亚并不是唯一一

个测试无人驾驶汽车的州。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thecomingtechnologicaldevelopmentpresentsachanceforcitiesandstate

stodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.(即将到来的技术发展为各个城市和州提供了一个发展交通系统的机会，该系统旨在

运送更多的人，以更便宜的价格运送)”可知，作者认为，政策制定者应该更多地关注无人驾驶汽车如何帮助解决与交通相关的问题。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Theconvenienceevenlead

sfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(网约车)services.(便利甚

至导致更少的人乘坐公共交通工具——研究人员已经在网约车服务中发现了一个不受欢迎的副作用)”可知，无人驾驶汽车的便利的一个可能的副作用是越来越多的人放弃公共交通。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第

一段中的“California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheircarsincitiesacrossthecountry.(

应该指出的是，加利福尼亚在这方面并没有领先。各公司一直在全国各地的城市测试他们的汽车)”可知，加利福尼亚州正在进行无人驾驶汽车的测试，而且美国很多城市都进了类似的测试，文章分析了无人驾驶汽车给交通带来的诸多好处，建议现代城市都要做好

准备迎接这一新技术。由此可知，PreparingCitiesforRobotCars(为无人驾驶汽车准备城市)适合做本文标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtopre

pareforawildfireBeforeyoucaneffectivelyprepare,it’sveryimportanttounderstandhowwildfiresoperate.Manythinkwild

firesdestroyhomesbecauseawallofflames(火焰)movesacrossthelandscape.____16____.Nowthatyouknowwhatawildfireis,here’showyoucanpr

otectyourhomeandyourfamily.____17____Creatingadefensiblespacearoundyourhomeactsasabarrieragainstwildfireflames.Homehardeninginvolvescon

structingwithfire-resistantmaterials.Investing$10,000to$20,000inthesemeasuressignificantlyreducesthechanceofahomebeingravagedbyawildfire

,loweringriskby75%.RemovedeadtreebranchesSimilartodryorbaggedleaves,deadtreebranchesaredry,whichmean

sthey,too,cancatchfirequickly.Ifyouhaveanyhangingfromtreesorlayinginyouryard,removethemASAP.Thesameruleapplieswhenremovingde

adtreebranches:____18____.Createanevacuation(撤离)planFamiliesshouldgooveranevacuationplanandpracticeitwellbeforeanemergencyactuallyoccurs.Knowingwh

entoleaveandbeingabletogoquicklyiscrucialduringanevacuationscenario.____19____.Thenplanyourprimaryanda

lternativeevacuationroute,andassembleemergencysuppliesandstorethemwhereyoucangettothemquickly.Makesuregutters(水槽)aremadeofmetal____20____.Fixmetalg

uttercoverstoreduceleaflitterandwindblowndebris.Thiswillensurethatthingsdon’tburninthemandspreadfiretoyourhome.Don’tpressure-washgutters;itca

ndamagethemorpullthemoffyourhouse.A.DonotstorethemclosetothehouseB.ReplaceplasticgutterswithmetalonesC.Thingsweallhavearearoundourhom

esD.It’simportanttokeepawayfromwildfireE.BuilddefensiblespacesandhardenyourhomeF.Setameetupdestinationforallfamilymembe

rsfirstG.Actually,it’stinywind-blownthingsthatdestroymostofthem【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.F20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预防野火的几个准备措施。【16

题详解】根据空后内容“Nowthatyouknowwhatawildfireis,here’showyoucanprotectyourhomeandyourfamily.(现在你知道了什么是野火，下面是你如何保护你的家和你的家人。)”可知，上文解释了何谓野火。选项G“Actually,i

t’stinywind-blownthingsthatdestroymostofthem(实际上，是被风吹来的小东西摧毁了它们中的大部分)”延续空前内容“Manythinkwildfiresdestroyhomesbecauseawallofflames(火焰)m

ovesacrossthelandscape.(许多人认为野火会摧毁房屋，因为一堵火焰墙会穿过地面。)”，解释了野火的具体含义。故选G。【17题详解】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Creatingadefensiblespacearoundyourhom

eactsasabarrieragainstwildfireflames.Homehardeninginvolvesconstructingwithfire-resistantmaterials.Investing$10,000to$20,000inthesemeasuressi

gnificantlyreducesthechanceofahomebeingravagedbyawildfire,loweringriskby75%.(在你家周围创造一个可防御的空间，作为抵御野火的屏障。房屋加固包括用耐火材料建造。在这些措施上投资1万

到2万美元，可以显著降低房屋被野火破坏的几率，将风险降低75%。)”可知，本段主要建议我们建造一个防御空间。选项E“Builddefensiblespacesandhardenyourhome(建造可防御的空

间，加固你的家)”符合本段主要内容，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Similartodryorbaggedleaves,deadtreebranchesaredry,whichmeansthey,too,cancatchfirequickly.If

youhaveanyhangingfromtreesorlayinginyouryard,removethemASAP.(与干燥或袋装叶子类似，枯死的树枝也很干燥，这意味着它们也会很快着火。如果你有挂在树上或躺在你的院子里，尽快把它们移走。)”可知，枯死的树枝很干燥，容易着火，所以要把枯死的树枝

移走。空前“Thesameruleapplieswhenremovingdeadtreebranches(同样的规则也适用于移除枯枝：)”可知，把枯死的树枝移走这个规则也适用于移除枯枝，也就是不要放在院子里。选项A“Dono

tstorethemclosetothehouse(不要在房子附近存放)”符合上文内容，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Knowingwhentoleaveandbeingabletogoquicklyiscrucialduringanevacuationscenario.(在疏散场景中，知

道什么时候离开并能够快速离开是至关重要的。)”可知，在疏散时快速离开很重要。选项F“Setameetupdestinationforallfamilymembersfirst(首先为所有家庭成员设定一个见面地点)”是上文

内容的具体阐述，指的是在演习疏散场景时应该首先明确见面地点；而且，选项F中的“first”也和下文“Thenplanyourprimaryandalternativeevacuationroute,andassembl

eemergencysuppliesandstorethemwhereyoucangettothemquickly.(然后计划好你的主要和备用疏散路线，并将应急物资储存在你可以快速到达的地方。)”中的“then”保持一致。故选F。【20题详解】根据下文“Fixmeta

lguttercoverstoreduceleaflitterandwindblowndebris.Thiswillensurethatthingsdon’tburninthemandspreadfiretoyourhome.(固定金属水槽盖，以减少落叶和风吹的碎片。这将确保东西不会在

里面燃烧，并将火蔓延到你的家。)”可知，空处提到了金属水槽。选项B“Replaceplasticgutterswithmetalones(用金属水槽代替塑料水槽)”符合小标题“Makesuregutters(水槽)aremadeofmetal(确保排水沟是由金属制成的)”内容，同时引出

下文内容。故选B。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myclassst

artedasscheduledoneMondayattheUniversityofNevada.However,outofcuriosityI___21___askedmystudentshowtheirweekendhadbeen.Oneyoungmansaidthathisweekendha

dnotbeenverygood.He’dhadhiswisdomteeth___22___out.TheyoungmanthenwentontoaskmewhyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful.His___23__

_remindedmeofsomethingI’dreadsomewherebefore.“Everymorningwhenyougetup,youhavea(n)___24___abouthowyouwanttoapproachlifethatday,“Isaidtotheyoungman.

“Ichoosetobecheerful.Letmegiveyouanexample,”Icontinued,Theotherstudentsbegantolistentoour___25___.Itoldthemthatmyc

arhadbrokendownonthewaytotheclassthatmorning.Upongettingtotheuniversity,Icalledtoaskforatowtruck(牵引车).Thesecretaryintheoff

iceaskedmewhathadhappened.“Thisismyluckyday，”Ireplied,smiling.“Yourcar___26___andtodayisyourluckyday?”shewas

___27___”Ilive17milesfromhere,“Ireplied.”Mycarcouldhavebrokendownanywherealongthefreeway,butitdidn’t.Instead,itbrokedowninthe___28___place:offt

hefreeway,withinwalking___29___ofhere.I’mstillabletoteachmyclass,andI’vebeenableto___30___forthetowtrucktomeetmeafter

class.Ifmycarwasmeanttobreakdowntoday,itcouldn’thavebeenarrangedinamore___31___way.”Thesecretary’seyesopenedwide,andthenshe___32___.I

smiledbackandheadedforclass.Ilookedatallthefacesinthelecturehall.___33___itwastheearlyhour,nooneseemedtobeasleep.Somehow,mystoryhadtouchedthem,Infac

t,ithadallstartedwithastudent’s___34___thatIwascheerful.Awisemanoncesaid,“Ourattitudetowardslife___35___life’sattitudetowar

dsus.”Isupposeitmustbeso.21.A.carefullyB.suddenlyC.slowlyD.cheerfully22.A.pushedB.putC.pulledD.made23.A.

requirementB.suggestionC.replyD.question24.A.positionB.choiceC.rightD.idea25.A.quarrelB.fightC.argumentD.conversation26.

A.tookdownB.blewdownC.brokeupD.brokedown27.A.excitedB.worriedC.puzzledD.depressed28.A.singleB.noisyC.perfectD.attracti

ve29.A.speedB.distanceC.directionD.time30.A.controlB.informC.arrangeD.beg31.A.complexB.usefulC.skillfulD.convenient32.A.

shockedB.sighedC.criedD.smiled33.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Since34.A.observationB.guideC.adviceD.survey35.A.determinesB.controlsC.manage

sD.helps【答案】21.D22.C23.D24.B25.D26.D27.C28.C29.B30.C31.D32.D33.A34.A35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位大学教授和学生之间的对话，教授分享了他积极乐观面对生活的

态度，他通过一个故事向学生们解释了为什么他总是看起来如此开心和快乐。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，出于好奇，我兴致勃勃地问我的学生周末过得怎么样。A.carefully小心地；B.suddenly突然地

；C.slowly慢慢地；D.cheerfully兴致勃勃。根据下文“TheyoungmanthenwentontoaskmewhyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful.(然后年轻人继续问我为什么我总是看起来那么高兴。)”可知，我是兴致勃勃地问学生们，故选D项。【22

题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的智齿拔掉了。A.pushed推；B.put放；C.pulled拔；D.made制造。根据“He’dhadhiswisdomteeth”可知，此处表示“拔掉智齿”，故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起

了以前在某处读到的东西。A.requirement要求；B.suggestion建议；C.reply答复；D.question问题。根据上文“whyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful.”可知是学生的问题让我想起了以前读到的东西，故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：

“每天早上起床时，你都可以选择如何对待那天的生活，”我对年轻人说。A.position立场；B.choice选择；C.right权利；D.idea想法。根据下文“Ichoosetobecheerful”可知为“选择”，故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他学生开始听我们的谈话。A.

quarrel争吵；B.fight打架；C.argument争论；D.conversation谈话。根据上文“whyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful.His___3___remindedmeofsomethi

ngI’dreadsomewherebefore.“Everymorningwhenyougetup,youhavea(n)___4___abouthowyouwanttoapproachlifethatday,“Isaidtotheyoungman.”可知是学生和作者之间的对话，

故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“你的车抛锚了，今天是你的幸运日？”A.tookdown打倒；B.blewdown炸毁；C.brokeup分手；D.brokedown抛锚。根据上文“mycarhadbrokendownonthewayto

theclassthatmorning”可知，是作者的车抛锚了，学生不理解作者为什么说是幸运的，发出疑问，故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很困惑。A.excited兴奋的；B.worried担心的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.depressed沮丧的。作者的

车抛锚了，学生不理解作者为什么说是幸运的，感到困惑。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，它在完美的地方抛锚了：高速公路旁，步行即可到达这里。A.single单身的；B.noisy吵闹的；C.perfect完美的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根据

上文“Mycarcouldhavebrokendownanywherealongthefreeway,butitdidn’t.(我的车可能会在高速公路上的任何地方抛锚，但它没有。)”可知，因为车子不是在高速公路上抛锚的，作者认为它抛锚的地方很好，故选

C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，它在完美的地方抛锚了：高速公路旁，步行即可到达这里。A.speed速度；B.distance距离；C.direction方向；D.time时间。根据“withinwalking___9___ofhere.”可知，汽车抛锚的地方距

离学校不算远，步行即可到达，故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然可以教我的课，我已经能够安排拖车在下课后与我见面。A.control控制；B.inform通知；C.arrange安排；D.beg乞讨。根据“I’mstillabletoteachmyclass,andI’veb

eenableto___10___forthetowtrucktomeetmeafterclass”可知，作者安排了拖车在课后见面。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车今天注定要抛锚，那么这样的安排再省事不过了。A.complex复杂的；B.useful

有用的；C.skillful熟练的；D.convenient省事的。根据“itcouldn’thavebeenarrangedinamore___11___way.”可知，如果车子注定要抛锚，没有耽搁作者的工作，并且拖车也安排在了课后，那么这样的安排再省事不过了，故选D项。【32

题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：秘书的眼睛睁得大大的，然后她笑了。A.shocked震惊；B.sighed叹息；C.cried哭泣；D.smiled微笑。根据下文“Ismiledback”可知，他的秘书

是微笑，故选D项。【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然一大早，却没有人有丝毫困意。A.Though虽然；B.Because因为；C.As因为；D.Since自从。根据“itwastheearlyhour,nooneseemedtobeasleep”可知前后为让

步转折，虽然是一大早，但是没有人有困意，故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都始于一个学生所观察到的——我很快乐。A.observation观察；B.guide指导；C.adv

ice建议；D.survey调查。根据上文“eyoungmanthenwentontoaskmewhyIalwaysseemedtobesocheerful”可知，这个学生通过对作者的观察发现作者每天都是兴致勃勃的。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：

一位智者曾经说过，我们对生活的态度决定了生活对我们的态度。A.determines决定；B.controls控制；C.manages管理；D.helps帮助。根据“Ourattitudetowardslife___15___life’sattitudetowardsus.”可知我们对待生活的态度决

定了生活对待我们的态度，故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Awomanhasbeenreunitedwithherlong-lostfatherafter56y

earsapart.Andit’sallbecausehewas“suggested”asafriendonFacebook.KarenHarris,now56yearsold,____36____(b

ring)upbyherfosterparents(养父母).Whensheturned18,是Harrisapproachedanadoptionagency,____37____(hope)tofindherb

irthparents.Sheknewnothingaboutherbirthparentsand____38____(they)family,butafterasocialworkersharedwithheruseful____39

____(detail),Harrisfoundhermothertenyearslater.Howeverfindingherfatherprovedtobemore____40____(difficulty).

Sheknewhewas____41____engineerfromCroydonandhisnamewasTrevorSinden.Butshefailed____42____(find)himwithsuchlit

tleinformationuntildecadeslater____43____shesawthenameappearonthe“SuggestedFriends”featureofFacebook.Thepairthenchatted

forseveralweeksbeforemeeting____44____thefirsttimelastweek.Theybothsaidthatitwaslikethey____45____(know)eachothertheirwholelives.【答案】36.wasbroug

ht37.hoping38.their39.details40.difficult41.an42.tofind43.when44.for45.hadknown【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了KarenHarris通过Facebook的“推荐好友”功能，在与父亲分开56

年后与他重聚的故事。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：KarenHarris现年56岁，由养父母抚养长大。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，结合“now56yearsold”可知句子表述过去事实，故使用一般现在时。同时bringup意为“养育”其与

KarenHarris之间是被动关系。故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasbrought。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：18岁时，Harris找到一家收养机构，希望能找到自己的亲生父母。句中approached为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，Harris与hop

e之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填hoping。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：她对亲生父母和他们的家庭一无所知，但在一位社会工作者向她分享了一些有用的细节后，Harris在十年后找到了她的母亲。分析句子，设空处使用they的形容词性物主代词their作定语修饰名,

词family，意为“他们的”。故填their。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，此处detail意为“细节”，其为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填details。【40题

详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，找到她的父亲却更加困难。分析句子，设空处使用difficulty的形容词difficult作表语，意为“困难的”。故填difficult。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：她知道他是克罗伊登的

一名工程师，名叫特雷弗·辛登。分析句子，engineer为可数名词，设空处应该使用冠词，此处表示泛指，同时engineer首字母为元音音素。故填an。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但她没能凭借这么少的信息找到他，直到几十年后，她在Facebo

ok的“推荐好友”功能上看到了这个名字。句中failtodo为固定短语，意为“未能做某事”。使用不定式结构作宾语。故填tofind。【43题详解】考查状语从句。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处引导的是时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”用when。故填when。【44题详解】考查介词。

句意：两人聊了几个星期，上周才第一次见面。句中forthefirsttime为固定短语，意为“第一次”。故填for。【45题详解】考查动词。句意：他们俩都说他们好像从生下来就认识了。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句意以及was可知，句子表述动作发生在“过去的过去”，故使用过

去完成时。故填hadknown。第四部分写作(共两节满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，暑假已经结束，你的美国朋友Alex想要了解你在暑假期间的情况，请你根据下面提示，给他写一封回信。1.暑假期间的主要活动(学习和生活)；2.这个暑假对你的

意义；3.新学期的展望。要求：1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearAlex,_____________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearAlex，Iamverygladtohearfromyou.Knowingfromyour

lastletterthatyouarewonderingmylastsummervacation，Iamwritingtotellyousomethingaboutit.Ihadaverybusysumm

ervacation．Firstofall，Ihelpedmyparentsdohouseworkandchattedwiththemasmuchaspossible，makingusundersta

ndeachotherbetter.Besides，Ididapart-timejobsothatmyinterpersonalskillscouldbeimproved.Lastbutnotleast，Ireadsomebooksandd

idmyhomeworkaccordingtotherequirements.ThebusysummervacationpreparedabettermeforthenextschoolyearandIamsureIcanmakegreaterprogressinmystudyandlifein

thenearfuture.What'syoursummervacation？Iamlookingforwardtoyoursharing.Yours，LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文

。假定你是李华，暑假已经结束，你的美国朋友Alex想要了解你在暑假期间的情况，请你根据下面提示，给他写一封回信。1.暑假期间的主要活动(学习和生活)；2.这个暑假对你的意义；3.新学期的展望。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted此外：besides→what

’smore最重要的是：firstofall→aboveall确信：besure→makesure2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Firstofall，Ihelpedmyparentsdohouseworkandchat

tedwiththemasmuchaspossible，makingusunderstandeachotherbetter.拓展句：Firstofall，Ihelpedmyparentsdohouseworkandchattedwiththemasmuchaspossible，sothat

Icouldmakeusunderstandeachotherbetter.【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowingfromyourlastletterthatyouarewonderingmylastsummervacation，Iamwritingtotellyousomethinga

boutit.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和现在分词作状语）【高分句型2】Besides，Ididapart-timejobsothatmyinterpersonalskillscouldbeimproved.（运用了sothat引导的目的状语从句）第二节(满分25分)47

.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onemorning,Ann’sneighborTracyfoundalostdogwanderingaroundthelocalelementaryschool.Sheas

kedAnnifshecouldkeepaneyeonthedogandsheplannedtofinditsowner.Annagreed,butshesaidthatshecouldwatchitonlyforthedaybecauseshen

eededtotakecareofherson.Atthetime,hersonThomaswas10yearsold,whowasrecoveringfromaheartoperation.Later,Tracytookphotosofthedog,printedoff400FOUNDflier

s,puttheminmailboxesandbegantofindthedog’sowner.Meanwhile,Annboughtsomepetsupplies,warninghersonnottofallinlovewiththedog.However,herson

wasfilledwithexcitementasheknewthathismothergotadogbackhome.Heplannedtoprovidethedogwithsomefoodeveryday.Fourdayslater,Annandhersonwe

restilllookingafterthedog,whomtheyhadstartedtocallRiley.Duringthefourdays,theytookcareofthedogcarefully,providedso

mefood,tookashowerandplayedwithit,andtheyhadalreadybecomethebestfriends.Theeveningofthefifthday,whenAnnarrivedhomef

romwork,thedogthrewitselfagainstthedoorandbarkedmadlyather.Assoonassheopenedthedoor,Rileydashedintotheboys’roomwhereAnnfoundTho

massufferingfromaheartattack.RileyranovertoThomas,butassoonasAnnbentovertohelphim,thedogwentsilent.Thedoctorsaidifithadn’tcometogethismotherin

time,Thomaswouldhavedied.Luckily,withthedoctor’shelp,Thomascouldgohometomorrowmorning.“Mum,canwekeepit

ifwecan’tfinditsowner?Evenwecanaskforpermissionifwefindtheowner,”Thomasaskedhismotherwhentheycamebackhome.“Wellsinceno

onehascalledtoclaimit,wedecidetokeepit,”hismotherreplied.Hearingthat,Thomaswasexcited.,注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。However,thenextda

y,AnnwastoldamannamedPeterrecognizedhislostdog._____________________________________________________________

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arcameandThomasstoodsilentlybesidehiscar._____________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________【答案】参考范文：However,thenextday,AnnwastoldamannamedPeterrecognizedhislostdog.Tracysai

dPetercalledthenumberontheflier.AnntoldTracywhathadhappenedduringthesedaysandevenstartedcrying.Atthesametime,Anns

howedgreatgratitudetothedog.AndTracytoldAnnthatPeterwoulddrivetoherhousetopickuphisdogthisafternoon.Later,AnntoldThomastheownerh

adcalledtoclaimRiley,theyneededtoreturnittotheowner.Hearingthatnews,Thomasputhishandsoverhismouth.Hiseyeswerewideopenforhecouldn’tbelieve

whathadhappened.However,hehadtofacethetruth.Peter’scarcameandThomasstoodsilentlybesidehiscar.AnntookRileyfromherh

ome.Seeingthat,Thomas’tearswererollingdownhischeeks.RileysatbesideThomas,sometimesranaroundhimandshouted:womwom,whi

chclearlyshowedthatRileydidn’twanttoleavehisfriend,Thomas.Atlast,ThomasaskedPeter,“CanwekeepRiley?”Knowingthispoint,Peterthoughtaboutitf

oramoment,andthensaid,“Maybemydogwassupposedtofindyou,maybeyoushouldkeepit.”Hearingthat,Thomasranaroundafte

rRiley,obviously,theywerefullofjoy.【解析】【导语】本文以狗为线索，讲述了一只迷路的小狗被Ann收留并救了Ann儿子一命的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“然而，第二天，安被告知一个

名叫彼得的人认出了他丢失的狗。”可知，第一段可描述Peter看到传单上的狗并打电话询问。Ann对这只狗表达了感谢，Peter开车去接狗回家。Thomas知道这个消息后很难过，但也得面对现实。②由第二段首句内容“彼得的车来

了，托马斯静静地站在他的车旁边。”可知，第二段可描述Thomas的难过，最后Peter看到狗也不愿意离开。最终让Thomas留下了狗。2.续写线索：认出狗——接狗回家——难过，不舍——留下狗——开心3.词汇激活行为类①流下：rol

ldown/streamdown②归还：return/giveback③充满：befullof/befilledwith/beoverwhelmedwith情绪类①感激：showgreatgratitudeto/expressappreciation②乐

趣：joy/pleasure【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearingthatnews,Thomasputhishandsoverhismouth.（运用了现在分词作状语）【高分句型2】RileysatbesideThomas,sometimesranaroundhimandsh

outed:womwom,whichclearlyshowedthatRileydidn’twanttoleavehisfriend,Thomas.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）听力答案：1-5BCBAC6-10ACACA11-15ACCB

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