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北海市2020年春季学期高一年级期末教学质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒

钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatkindofmoviewillthespeakerswatch?A.Athriller.B.Acomedy.C.Anactionmovie.2.Whatisthematterwiththeman's

tie?A.Thecolorisnotgood.B.Itistiedinawrongway.C.Itscolordoesnotmatchthesuit.D.Whydoesthewomanaskthemantocutoffpartofthebread?3.A.Itisburned.

B.Itistoobig.C.Shewantstoshare.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirbiologyclass.B.Theirbiologyteacher.C.Theirbiologyte

st.5.Whatismoreimportantfortheman?A.Jobsatisfaction.B.Money.C.Workingconditions.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独臼。每

段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独臼前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题

。6.Whatdoesthemanneedtodo?A.Scheduleameeting.B.Changeanappointment.C.Bookaticket.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahosp

ital.B.Onthephone.C.Inacar.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Completeasurvey.B.Payhisbills.C.Signaform.9.Whatisprobablerelationsh

ipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Motherandson.C.ustomerandshoppingassistant.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherewillthepartybeheld?A.Ina

cafe.B.Inaclub.C.Inthedininghall.11.Howmanypeopleareinvitedtotakepartintheparty?A.6.B.7.C.9.12.Whatwilltheman

donext?A.Selectagift.B.Playmusic.C.Makeareservation听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowmuchdoesWineSciencecost?A.$4.5.B.$13.C.$30.14.Whoisth

eauthorofGrapeGrowing?A.Bookman.B.MacLean.C.GeorgeBrown.15.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofWineMaking?A.Itisbadlydamaged.B.Itisaclassicbook.C.

Itisverycheap.16.Whatisthewoman?A.Ateacher.B.Astudent.C.Aworker.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeaker?

A.Heisagoodguide.B.Hewilltravelwiththegroup.C.Hewillpaintpicturesalongtheway.18.Whenwillthetouristsarr

iveinIndia?A.OnNovember5.B.OnNovember6.C.OnNovember7.19.Howlongwillthetouristsstayinthenorthofthewildlifepark?A.For3days.B.For7days.C.For10days.2

0.Howwillthetouriststravelaroundinthesouthofthepark?A.Inopentrucks.B.Onelephants.C.Onfoot.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、

B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization,orUNESCO,meetseachyeartochoosethelatestad

ditionstoitsWorldHeritagelist.Today,let'shaveaquicklookatsomeofthelatestadditions.RuinsofLiangzhuCity(China)TheruinsofLiangzhustandforanea

rlystatewithacollective（集体的）beliefsystembasedonricegrowing,datingfrom3,300to2,300BC.Theruins,UNESCOsays,area"goodexampleofoneoftheearlie

sturbancivilizations（文明）“Theyalsoincludeawaterconservation（保护）systemanddifferentkindsofburyinggrounds.Jaip

urCity(India)AlsoknownasthePinkCity,Jaipurisanamazingachievementinurbanplanningandbuilding.Foundedin1727,itisnowrec

ognizableforitslargepublicsquares,palaces,marketsandpinkbuildings.UNESCOsaysJaipur'surbanplanningshowsan"exchangeofideasfromancientHinduaswellasmoder

nMughalandWesterncultures".Architecture（建筑）ofFrankLloydWright(UnitedStates)UNESCOalsorecognizedtheworkoffamousAmericanarchit

ectFrankLloydWright.ThegroupaddedeightofhisbuildingstotheWorldHeritagelist.TheyincludetheGuggenheimMuseuminNewYorkCity,HollyhockHouseinLosAngeles,

CaliforniaandUnityTempleinChicago,Illinois.TheWorldHeritageCommitteesaidinastatementthatWright'swork"

hadastronginfluenceonthedevelopmentofmodernarchitectureinEurope".TheGuggenheimisWright'smostfamousbuilding.Itwascompletedin1959,thesam

eyearWrightdied.1.WhatdoestheUNESCOsayabouttheruinsofLiangzhucity?A.Itisagoodexampleofearlyurbanization.B.Itisanancientburyinggro

undfortherich.C.Itisstillrecognizableforitspinkbuildings.D.Itstandsfortheearliestwaterconservationsystem.2.Whenwast

heJaipurCityfirstbuilt?A.Inthe15thcentury.B.Inthe16thcentury.C.Inthe18thcentury.D.Inthe20thcentury.3.Whichisthebest-knownbuildingdesignedbyFr

ankLloydWright?A.ThePinkCity.B.TheUnityTemple.C.TheHollyhockHouseD.TheGuggenheimMuseum.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。联合国教科文组织每年都会选择一些最新地地方加入到世界遗产名录里，文章介

绍了一些最新加入进去地地点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章RuinsofLiangzhuCity(China)部分的Theruins,UNESCOsays,area"goodexampleofoneoftheearliesturbancivilizations

（联合国教科文组织称，这些遗迹是“最早城市文明的一个很好的例子”）可知，联合国教科文组织说，良渚古城遗址是早期城市化的一个很好的例子。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据JaipurCity(India)部分的Foundedin1727可知，建造时间为172

7年，是18世纪。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二句TheGuggenheimisWright'smostfamousbuilding.可知，FrankLloydWright最著名地建筑是TheGuggenheim。故

选D。BOnJanuary1,theCanadiancityofMontrealissettoban（禁止）thehorse-drawncarriagesonthestreet.Jean-FrancoisParenteau,

aspokesmanforthecityofMontreal,said"Itisatraditionthathaslongbeenappreciated.Buttoday,Ithinkitistimetomoveon."Headdedthatitisimportantf

orthecityto"careaboutanimals".HisspeechwaswelcomedbyGalahad,anorganizationthatseekstoprotecthorsesandhadcampaigned（发起……

运动）fortheban.Itsfounder,ChamieAngieCadorette,saidthehorsesfacedhardworkingconditions."Itisnotjustanhouraday.Itiseighthoursadaytogoupa

nddowntheroadsintraffic.Thecarriageownersaretreatingtheiranimalsverybadly,"shesaid."Theysaytheanimalsarebeingabused.Proveit,"saidcarriag

ebusinessoperatorLucDesparois.Hiscompany,whichhas15horsesandemploys15carriagedrivers,recentlyledalegalbattleaga

instthebanandfailed.NathalieMatte,anothercarriageoperatorinthecity,saidthatthecarriageshadbecomeanimportantpartofMontreal'scultureovertheyears."

TheyhavebeenaroundsinceMontrealstartedandmanypeopleareclearlydrawntothebeautyofthehorses,"hesaid.MujtabaAliwasvisitingMontrealwhile

travelingthroughCanada."It'saspecialwaytoseethecityratherthanjusttakingthebusorthesubway,"hesaid.Afterbeingpressu

redbyanimalrightsgroupsforyears,atfirstthecitygovernmenthadtriedtosatisfytheanimalactivistsbybanningthehorsesfromthestreetswhensummertem

peraturesrose.Buttheykeptpushingforatotalban.Aturningpointhappenedin2018whenahorsediedonthestreetwhilepullingacarriage.TheincidentforcedMo

ntrealMayorValeriePlantetosupporttheremovalofhorse-drawncarriagesfromthecity.Thebanisexpectedtoputabout50carriageoperatorsandtheirhorsesou

tofwork.4.ThelatestlawrequiresthatA.thehorsesbetakenbettercareofB.thecarriageoperatorsworkshorterhoursC.theho

rsescanonlypullthecarriagesoncooldaysD.thehorse-drawncarriagesshouldn'tbeallowedinthestreets5.Whichofthefollow

ingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"abused"inparagraph4?A.Welltrained.B.Nicelyfed.C.Unfairlypunished.D.Cruellytrea

ted.6.Whathasplayedanimportantroleinhelpingtheanimalactivistswintheircampaign?A.Thebadtreatmentofthehorsesbythetourists.B.Thegovernment'ssupp

orttoremovethehorses.C.Thesuddendeathofaworkinghorseonthestreet.D.Thetrafficproblemscausedbythehorsesinthecity.7.Whatcanbelearnedaboutth

ehorse-drawntransportinthecityofMontreal?A.Itisthebestattraction.B.Itisalong-timetradition.C.Itisanimportan

tindustryforthecity.D.Itistheonlywaytoseethecity.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.B【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。加拿大的蒙特利尔在一月一日决定禁止马车在街道上行驶，城市发言人说，这一决策是为了关爱动物。这一决策得

到了动物保护组织的支持，但同样也遭到马车经营人的反对。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段OnJanuary1,theCanadiancityofMontrealissettoban（禁止）thehorse-drawncarriageso

nthestreet.（1月1日，加拿大蒙特利尔市将禁止马车上路。）可知，最新的法律禁令要求马车不应该被允许在街上行驶。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段"Itisnotjustanhouraday.Itiseighthour

sadaytogoupanddowntheroadsintraffic.Thecarriageownersaretreatingtheiranimalsverybadly,"shesaid.（“这不仅仅是一天一小时。每天要

花8个小时在路上来来往往。马车的主人对待他们的动物非常不好。”她说。）可推知，这些动物正在被虐待。abuse意为“虐待”。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Buttheykeptpushingforatotalban.Aturningpointhappenedin

2018whenahorsediedonthestreetwhilepullingacarriage.（但他们一直在推动全面禁止。2018年发生了一个转折点，一匹马在拉车时死在了街上。）可知，街道上一匹劳作的马的突然死亡对动物保护主义者赢得这场运

动起到了重要作用。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段thecarriageshadbecomeanimportantpartofMontreal'scultureovertheyears.（这些年来，马车已经成为蒙特利尔文化的重要组成部分。）以及Theyhavebee

naroundsinceMontrealstarted（他们在这个城市建立的时候就已经存在）可推知，马拉车在蒙特利尔市是一个长期的传统。故选B。CArchaeologists(考古学家)havediscoveredatleast58shipwrecks(沉船)filledwithancien

tobjectsneartheislandsofFournoiintheAegeanSeabetweenGreeceandTurkey.ThediscoveryisbelievedtobethelargestcollectionofshipwreckseverfoundintheM

editerranean.Theygatheredthereoveralongtimeperiod,fromtimeofancientGreecetothe20thcentury.Butmostoftheshipsaref

romthetimeoftheGreek,RomanandByzantinecivilizations.PeterCampbellisleadingtheunderwaterresearchofthewrecksfortheRPMNauticalFoundation,agroupthatstud

iesancientobjects.Hesaid,"Theexcitementisdifficulttodescribe.Imean,itwasjustunbelievable.Weknewthatwehadcomeacrosssome

thingthatwasgoingtochangethehistorybooks."Theinternationalteambegantheunderwaterstudyin2015.Theyfound22shipwrecksthaty

ear.Thatnumberhasclimbedto58withthelatestdiscovery.Theteambelievesthereareevenmoresecretslyingontheseabe

dbelow.Campbellcalledit"oneofthetoparchaeologicaldiscoveriesofthecentury".HetoldReuters,"Wenowhaveanewstorytotellofatradingroadthatconnectedthean

cientMediterranean."ThewrecksandtheircontentsshowshipscarryinggoodsfromnearbyareasliketheBlackSeaGreece,Turkey,ArmeniaandItaly

.OthergoodscomefromplacesfartherawaysuchasSpain,Sicily,Cyprus,Egypt,theMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.Theteamhasraisedmorethan300ancientobject

sfromtheshipwrecks,includingmanytalljars(广口瓶)withtwoearsusedbyancientGreekandRomanpeopletocarryliquid.

Campbellsaid,"Thosejarsareusedmainlyfortransportingliquidsandsemi-liquidsinthepast,sothegoodsitwouldbetransportingweremostlywine,oil,fishsauces,

perhapshoney."HeaddedthatfishsaucefromtheBlackSeaareawasrareandpreciousinancienttimes.8.HowdidPeterCampbellfeela

boutthediscoveryoftheshipwrecks?AExcited.B.Shocked.C.Confused.D.Terrified.9.HowmanyshipwreckswerefoundneartheislandsofFournoiafter2015?A.22.B.36.C.5

8.D.300.10.Whichofthefollowingmightbeveryexpensiveintheancienttimes?A.Oil.B.Wine.C.Honey.D.Fishsauce.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SeabedSecre

tsAttractedtheArchaeologistsB.NewAncientCivilizationsWereDiscoveredC.AncientShipwrecksTellStoriesofTradeRoadsD.MoreShipwrecksExistintheMediterran

ean【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了考古学家在爱情海附近发现了至少58艘满载古代物品的沉船，这些古代物品让人们对古代地中海的贸易之路有了新的发现。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Hesaid,"Theexcitement

isdifficulttodescribe.Imean,itwasjustunbelievable.Weknewthatwehadcomeacrosssomethingthatwasgoingtochangethehis

torybooks."(他说：“那种兴奋简直难以形容。我是说，这简直难以置信。我们知道我们已经遇到了会改变历史的东西。”)可推测，PeterCampbell对沉船的发现感到非常兴奋。A.Excited.(兴奋的)符合以上推测，故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据

第三段的Theinternationalteambegantheunderwaterstudyin2015.Theyfound22shipwrecksthatyear.Thatnumberhasclimbedto58withthelatestdiscovery.可知

，这个国际研究队于2015年开始水下研究，并在同年发现了22条沉船。现在沉船的总数为58条。即，在2015年之后，该研究队发现了36（58-22）条沉船。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的HeaddedthatfishsaucefromtheBlackSea

areawasrareandpreciousinancienttimes.可知，PeterCampbell补充说，来自黑海的鱼酱在古代是稀少并珍贵的。由此推测，鱼酱的价格最贵。D.Fishsauce.(鱼酱)符合以上推测，

故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的Archaeologists(考古学家)havediscoveredatleast58shipwrecks(沉船)filledwithancientobjectsneartheislandsofFournoiintheAege

anSeabetweenGreeceandTurkey.(考古学家已经在位于希腊和土耳其之间的爱情海的富姆基岛附近发现了至少58艘沉船，这些沉船都装着古代物品。)和第四段的HetoldReuters,"Wenowhaveanewstoryto

tellofatradingroadthatconnectedtheancientMediterranean."(他告诉路透社：“关于连接古代地中海的贸易之路，我们有一个新的故事要讲述。”)可知，本文主

要讲述了考古学家在爱情海附近发现了至少58艘满载古代物品的沉船，这些古代物品让人们对古代地中海的贸易之路有了新的发现。C.AncientShipwrecksTellStoriesofTradeRoads(古代沉船讲述贸易之路的故事)可以作为标题，概

括本文，故选C项。DUntilnow,muchoftheeffortinsearchforlifeontheotherplanetshasbeenonfindingliquidwater,becausemostoftheextremelyimportantchemi

calreactionsthathappeninplantsandanimalscanonlytakeplaceinthepresenceofwater.Andwaterisverycommon.Infact,theelements(元素)thatmakewater(hydrog

enandoxygen)arethefirstandthirdrichestchemicalsintheuniverse.Thismeansthatwecanfindwateralmosteverywherewe

look,fromthesurfaceofplanetsinourSolarSystemtothedepthsofspace.Butforlifeasweknowittoexist,itneedsaplanetwherewaterexistsinaliquid

state,oritscells(细胞)wouldfreezeorboilaway.EarthistheonlyknownplanetthatstaysinaperfectpositionfromourSuntosupportwaterinaliquidstate.Astronomer

scallthisperfectdistancefromastarthe“habitable(宜居的)”or“Goldilockszone”.Scientistslastyeardiscoveredthatthereisliq

uidwaterontheMars,whichmadealotofpeopleveryexcitedsincefindingaworldwithinastar’shabitablezonewhereliquidwatercanexistwouldbeagreatstarttofindingli

fe.WaterisalsofoundontheMercury,andtherearevastwateroceansonsomeofJupiter’sandSaturn’smoons.Butwestillhaven’tfoundlifeontheMars,oranyotherpla

netinourSolarSystem.Therefore,findingliquidwaterisn’tenough.Westillneedtobeabletodetectotherconditionsthatsupportlifef

orms(scientistscallthem“biosignatures”).Forexample,wehavetolookintoaplanet’satmosphereandseewhatgassesareinit.Ifwefindaplanetwithl

otsofoxygen,wehaveonemoreevidencetosupporttheideathattheremaybelifethere.Unfortunately,atthemoment,itisnotpossibleforustodetectthebio

signaturesonEarth-likeplanetsbeyondMars.Wehavenotperfectedthetechnologytodoityet.12.Whatcanweknowabouttheplanetsintheso-called“Gol

dilockszone”?A.Theyareverycold.B.Theyareextremelyhot.C.Lifemightbefoundonthem.D.Waterisnotcommonther

e.13.Wherehavethescientistsfoundliquidwater?AOntheSaturn.B.OntheMars.C.OntheJupiter.D.OntheMoon14.Whatdoestheauthormeaninthelastparagraph?A.Thereisn

olifeformontheotherplanets.B.Itisimpossibleforustodetecttheotherbiosignatures.C.Liquidwaterisextremelyimportantforplantsandanimals.D.Westillhave

alongwaytogotofindlifebeyondtheMars.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theconditionsforalivableplanet.B.Theimportanceofliqu

idwatertolife.C.Thelatestdiscoveryaboutlivableplanets.D.TheexplorationoflifeformsontheMars.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】这是一

篇说明文。文章主要说明了想要在其他行星上找到生命，仅仅找到水是不够的，还需要能够探测到支持生命形式的其他条件。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段Earthistheonlyknownplanetthatstaysinaperfectp

ositionfromourSuntosupportwaterinaliquidstate.Astronomerscallthisperfectdistancefromastarthe“habitable(宜居的)”or“Goldilockszone”.(地球是已

知的唯一一颗距离太阳很近的行星，它能使水保持液态。天文学家把这种与恒星的完美距离称为“宜居带”或“可居住区”)可推知，在所谓的“可居住区”的行星上可能发现生命。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Scientistslastyeard

iscoveredthatthereisliquidwaterontheMars,whichmadealotofpeopleveryexcitedsincefindingaworldwithinastar’shabitablezone

whereliquidwatercanexistwouldbeagreatstarttofindinglife.(科学家们去年发现火星上有液态水，这让很多人非常兴奋，因为在恒星的宜居带内发现一个液态水可以存在的世界将是发现生命的一个很好的开始)可知，科学家们在火星上发现了液态水。故

选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Unfortunately,atthemoment,itisnotpossibleforustodetectthebiosignaturesonEarth-likeplanetsbeyondMa

rs.Wehavenotperfectedthetechnologytodoityet.(不幸的是，目前我们还不可能在火星以外的类地行星上探测到生物特征。我们还没有完善这项技术)可推知，当前的科技还不足以让我们去探测更多的生物信号，要找到火星以外的生命，我们还有很长的路要走。

故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一、二段讲述了液态水对生命体存在的重要性，第三、四段讲述了当前在其他星球液态水的发现，第五段讲述了拥有液态水不足以证明一个星球适合人类居住，还需要其他的因素和条件。整篇文章是在介绍一个星球需要哪些条件才

能适合人类居住。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Liketheproblemofhunger,foodwasteisaglo

balproblem,whichresists（抵抗）toquickfixes.Butifeachofustakesstepstocutfoodwasteinourhomes,wewilldecreasetheburdenontheenvironmentandhelptofeedmorepe

ople.Herearesomeofthetestedtips.___16___Beforeheadingtothegrocerystore,weshouldmakeamealplan.Buyonlythefoodweneedfort

hemealplan.Well-plannedshoppingnotonlycutsthefoodwastebutalsoprotectsourwallet.Buyfrozenproduce.___17___.Sostartbuyingfrozenvegetablesins

tead.Andthere'snonutritionallosshere.Frozenvegetablesarejustasnutritiousasfreshones-sometimesevenmoreso.Makejuiceorsoup.Whenwehappentohavemorefr

eshproducethanwecaneat,takeouttheexpensivejuice-makerthatweneveruseandtreatourselvestosomefreshjuice.___18___Useclearcontainerstostoreleftov

ers.___19___.Whenwecanseewhatisinthecontainers,they'rejustlesspossibletodisappearintothebackofthefridge（冰箱）．Hopefully,oneortwoo

ftheseideascanbehelpfulinfixingthefoodwasteproblem.___20___Ifeachofusisabletokeepjustonemorepoundoffoodoutofthetrasheachweek,togetherwecould

cutfoodwastebyover5millionpoundseachyear!A.ShopmorefrequentlyB.PlanmealsbeforeshoppingC.AlsobesuretoshareyourtipswithusD.Anddon'tund

ervaluetheeffectofthesesmallchangesE.OneglassofjuicecanuseupseveralpoundsofproduceF.Wecandoabetterjobbyputti

ngtheleftoversinsee-throughcontainersG.Mostofourfoodwasteisfreshvegetablesthatgobadbeforeweeatthem【答案】16

.B17.G18.E19.F20.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了减少食物浪费的方法，比如在购物之前做计划，买速冻蔬菜、做果汁或汤，用透明容器装剩饭剩菜等。【16题详解】设空处为段落标题。根据下

文Beforeheadingtothegrocerystore,weshouldmakeamealplan.（在去杂货店之前，我们应该做一个饮食计划。）可知，本段内容与做计划相关。B项：Planmealsbeforeshopping（购物前计划好饮食）符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据下文So

startbuyingfrozenvegetablesinstead.（所以开始购买冷冻蔬菜吧。）可知，设空处与之构成因果关系，解释购买冷冻蔬菜的原因。G项：Mostofourfoodwasteisfreshvegetablesthatgobadbeforeweeatt

hem（我们大部分的食物垃圾是新鲜的蔬菜，它们在我们吃之前就坏了）符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】本段的标题是Makejuiceorsoup（做果汁或汤。），设空处与做果汁或汤有关，E项：Oneglassofj

uicecanuseupseveralpoundsofproduce（一杯果汁会消耗好几磅农产品）符合语境。故选E。【19题详解】本段的标题是Useclearcontainerstostoreleftovers.（用干净的容

器储存剩菜剩饭。），设空处与之构成解释说明关系，F项：Wecandoabetterjobbyputtingtheleftoversinsee-throughcontainers（我们可以做得更好，把剩菜放在透明的容器）符合语境。故选F。【20题详解】根据下文Ifeachofusisable

tokeepjustonemorepoundoffoodoutofthetrasheachweek,togetherwecouldcutfoodwastebyover5millionpoundseachyea

r!（如果我们每个人每周都能从垃圾中多取出一磅食物，那么我们每年就能减少500多万磅的食物浪费!）可知，这句话与设空处形成解释说明关系，设空处说明这些小变化带来的影响。D项：Anddon'tundervaluetheeffectofthesesmallchanges（不要低估这些小变化的

影响）符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AlanNaimanwasknownforbein

gverycarefulabouthowhespenthismoney.Helivedlikeavery___21___man.Hewasalwaysinoldshoes.He___22___atgrocery

storesandtookhisfriendsouttolunchatthecheapest___23___.Helovednice___24___,buthedrovehisoldtruckforthemostofhislife.Eventhoseclosesttohimhad

noideahowmuchmoneyhehad___25___untilhediedofcanceratage63in2018.Afterhis___26___,peopleeventuallyfoundoutthathehadgiven$11milliontocharities（慈善组

织）thathelp___27___children.Theamountwassolargethatiteven___28___hisbestfriendsandtheorganizationsthatrecei

vedhisgifts."Hisparentspassedawaywhenhewasveryyoung.Hegrewupwithhisdisabledbrother.Itmighthave___29___thewayhelookedatchildr

enwithdisability,"saidhisclosefriendSusan."Perhapshehadrealizedhowunfair____30____couldbeforthem.""Naimanhadbeentakingon____31____jobs

toearnmoremoneybutherarelyspentonhimself,"saidanotherfriend.But____32____ofthemagreedthathisfeelingtohiselderbrotherhadabigeffectonhim,____33____hene

verspokeofit.Manyofthe____34____thatreceivedNaiman'sdonationssaidtheydidnotknowhimandweresurprisedbyhisgifts.ThePediatricI

nterimCareCenter,which____35____babiesbornwithdisability,wasoneofthem.Itreceived$2.5millionfromNaiman'swill(遗嘱）．"Wewouldnever____36____thatsomethi

nglikethiswouldhappentous,"saidBarbaraDrennen,owneroftheCenter."Iwouldhavelovedtohavehadhim____37____thebabieshe'sprotecting.Naiman,whohadbeenab

ankerattheWallStreet,workedforthepast20yearsatthestateDepartmentofSocialandHealthServices,____38____late-hourcallsintheevenings.Duringhis___

_39____days,hetookonasmanyas3jobssometimes.Hetriedhisbesttomakeandsavemoneyforthis"purelove"____40____.21.A.confidentB.ge

nerousC.poorD.careless22.A.foughtB.bargainedC.cheatedD.begged23.A.storesB.hotelsC.clubsD.restaurants24.A.paintingsB.carsC.t

ravelsD.houses25.A.borrowedB.lentC.spentD.saved26.A.deathB.operationC.recoveryD.marriage27.A.talentedB.lovelyC.disabledD.sick28.

A.surprisedB.frightenedC.delightedD.excited29.A.ledB.selectedC.controlledD.changed30.A.futureB.societyC.peopleD.li

fe31.A.necessaryB.satisfyingC.extraD.boring32.A.bothB.oneC.neitherD.either33.A.andB.orC.thoughD.as34.A.friendsB.organizationsC.patientsD.chil

dren35.A.turnstoB.calmsdownC.bringsupD.caresfor36.A.dreamB.hopeC.doubtD.understand37.A.educateB.seeC.cureD.rescu

e38.A.stoppingB.returningC.answeringD.giving39.A.spareB.difficultC.preciousD.happy40.A.guidanceB.purposeC.st

oryD.promise【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.D26.A27.C28.A29.D30.D31.C32.A33.C34.B35.D36.A37.B38.C39.A40.B【解析】本文

是一篇记叙文，讲述了一向花钱精打细算的AlanNaiman捐赠了1100万美元用于帮助有困难的儿童的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他生活的像一个非常穷的人。A.confident自信的；B.generous慷慨的；C.poor贫穷的；D.careless粗心的。根据上文AlanN

aimanwasknownforbeingverycarefulabouthowhespenthismoney.可知，Alan非常在乎花钱的方式，因此生活简朴，像个穷人。故选C.【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在百货公司讨价还价。A.fought

斗争；B.bargained讨价还价；C.cheated欺骗；D.begged乞求。Alan非常在乎花钱方式，因此买东西会讨价还价。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：带他的朋友去最便宜的餐馆吃饭。A.stores商店；B.hotels旅馆；C.clubs俱乐部；D.restaur

ants餐馆。根据tolunch可知，吃饭应该去餐馆。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢漂亮的车，但是他一生中大部分时间都开着他的旧卡车。A.paintings彩画；B.cars汽车；C.travels旅行；D.houses

房屋。根据下文的oldtruck可推断，说的是漂亮的汽车，与旧卡车对比。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是那些离他最近的人也不知道他存了多少钱，直到他在2018年63岁死于癌症。A.borrowed借；B.lent借出；C.spent花

费；D.saved储存。根据下文可知，Alan存了许多钱，这样与上文他一生简朴相符。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他死后，人们最终发现，他把1100万美元捐给了帮助残疾儿童的慈善机构。A.death死亡；B.operat

ion手术；C.recovery恢复；D.marriage婚姻。根据上文Eventhoseclosesttohimhadnoideahowmuchmoneyhehad___5___untilhediedofcanceratage63in2018.可知，他死后人们知

道了他存了许多钱捐个慈善机构。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.talented有天赋的；B.lovely可爱的；C.disabled有残疾的；D.sick生病的。根据下文Itmighthave___9___thewayheloo

kedatchildrenwithdisability可知，慈善机构救助残疾儿童。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个数量巨大以至于甚至让他最好的朋友和收到他礼物的组织吃惊。A.surprised吃惊的；B.frig

htened恐惧的；C.delighted高兴的；D.excited兴奋的。根据Theamountwassolarge可推断，数量大的让人吃惊。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那可能改变了他看待残疾儿童的方式。A.l

ed带领；B.selected选择；C.controlled控制；D.changed改变。it指代上文说的他有一个残疾的兄弟，这改变了他看待残疾儿童的方式。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许他已经意识到生活对他们来说是多么不公平。A.future未来；B.society社

会；C.people人们；D.life生活。根据常识可知，生活对于残疾人来说是不公平的。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Naiman一直在从事额外的工作，以赚取更多的钱，但他很少花在自

己身上，A.necessary必要的；B.satisfying令人满意的；C.extra额外的；D.boring枯燥的。根据toearnmoremoney可推断，他做额外的工作。故选C。【32题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：但是他们两个都同意他对哥哥的感觉对他有很大的影响，尽管他从来都没有说起

过它。A.both两者都；B.one一个；C.neither两个都不；D.either两者中任何一个。根据上文saidhisclosefriendSusan和anotherfriend可知，此处中上文提到的他的两个朋友。故选A。【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意同上

。A.and和；B.or或者；C.though尽管；D.as因为；尽管。根据句意前后文是让步关系，as引导让步状语从句用倒装句式。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：收到Naiman捐款的组织中的许多人说他们不认识他，并对他的礼物感到惊讶。A.friend

s朋友；B.organizations组织；C.patients病人；D.children孩子们。根据上文提到的hehadgiven$11milliontocharities（慈善组织）可知，他向组织捐款。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：儿科临时护理中心

照顾的15名残疾婴儿，是其中之一。A.turnsto求助于；B.calmsdown镇静下来；C.bringsup养育；D.caresfor照顾；喜欢。which引导定语从句，指代儿科护理中心，因此是照顾婴儿。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意

：我们从来没有梦想到这样的事情会发生在我们身上。A.dream梦想；B.hope希望；C.doubt怀疑；D.understand理解。根据上文Itreceived$2.5millionfromNaiman'swill(遗嘱）．可知，

他们做梦也没想到这样的事情会发生在自己身上。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很乐意让他看到他保护的孩子。A.educate教育；B.see看见；C.cure治愈；D.rescue挽救。根据下文thebabieshe'sprotecting可知，想要让他看看

他保护过的孩子。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Naiman曾经是华尔街的银行家，在过去的20年里，他在国家社会和卫生服务部工作，深夜也在回复客户的电话。A.stopping停止；B.returning归还；C.answer

ing回答；D.giving给予。根据下文late-hourcallsintheevenings可知，是接深夜电话赚钱。故选C。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他空闲的日子里，他有时做多达3份工作。他尽他最大的努力为这种“纯粹的

爱的目的赚钱和省钱。A.spare空闲的；B.difficult困难的；C.precious珍贵的；D.happy快乐的。根据下文hetookonasmanyas3jobssometimes.可知，是在空闲的时间做

其它工作。故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.guidance指导；B.purpose目的；C.story故事；D.promise诺言。根据上文可知，这种“纯粹的爱”，帮助残疾孩子，是Naiman的赚钱和省钱的目的。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小

题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Throughoutthehistoryofmankind,peoplehavebeencommunicatingwithbodylanguages.Inmany___41___(si

tuation),thewayyousaysomethingisfarmoreimportantthanwhatyousay.___42___(communicate)betterwithothers,youareexpectedtopayattentionto

eyecontact.Itcansignalfriendlinessorunfriendliness,interestorboredom,andunderstandingorconfusion.InWesterncultures,keepin

geyecontactinconversationsis___43___(particular)important.Asamatter___44___fact,awesternermightconsideralackofeyecontactasalackofin

terest.InSpain,ItalyandGreece,___45___peoplestandclosetogethertalkingtoeachother,eyecontactismorefrequen

tandlasts___46___(long).InmanyAsiancultures,avoidingdirecteyecontactisoneofthewaystoshowrespect.Itisdon

eduringthetalkwithanyoneolder.Habitslikethiscancauseproblemswhenpeopledonotunderstand___47___(they).Forex

ample,___48___Asianmightclosehiseyesinconcentrationorlookdownwhile___49___(listen)toaspeaker.AWesternspeakermightthinkthemanisno

tinterested.However,inbothWestandEast,totallyavoidingeyecontactmightbeconsideredalackofpoliteness,butstaringatothe

rsisalsoconsideredrudeandshould____50____(avoid).【答案】41.situations42.Tocommunicate43.particularly44.of45.where

46.longer47.them48.an49.listening50.beavoided【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了更好地与他人交流，你应该注意眼神交流。它可以表示友好或不友好、感兴趣或厌烦、理解或困惑。比较了中西方文化中，对眼神交流

的不同看法。【41题详解】考查名词的数。situation为可数名词，由many修饰应用复数形式。故填situations。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知communicate在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语应用不定式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Toc

ommunicate。【43题详解】考查副词。修饰后面的形容词important应用副词particularly，表示“尤其，特别”。故填particularly。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：事实上，西方人可能会认为缺乏眼神交流是缺乏兴趣。结合句意表示“事实上

”短语为asamatteroffact。故填of。【45题详解】考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Spain,ItalyandGreece，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。【46题详解】考查比较级

。句意：在西班牙、意大利和希腊，人们在交谈时站得很近，目光接触更频繁，持续时间也更长。根据上文eyecontactismorefrequentandlasts结合句意表示“更长”应用比较级longer。故填longer。【47题详解】考查代词。句意：当人们不理解这些习惯时，这些习惯就会带来问题。

此处作宾语，指代habits，应用them。故填them。【48题详解】考查冠词。Asian为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个亚洲人”应用不定冠词，且Asian是读音以元音音素开头的单词，故应用an。故填an。【49题详解】考查省略句。句意：例如，一个亚洲人在听演讲时可能会闭上眼睛集中注意力或向下看。

while引导状语从句时，从句常省略和主语相同的主语和be动词，结合语境可知为现在进行时，从句完整为while(anAsianis)listeningtoaspeaker。故填listening。【50题详解】考查动词语态。句意同上。本句中主语staringatother

s与谓语动词avoid构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形。故填beavoided。第三节单词拼写（每空一词，共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据句意和括号内的中英文提示，写出单词的正确形式。51.Theseoldpicturesalways______（使……想起）me

ofthehappydaysspentwithmyfamilyinthecountryside.（根据中文提示填空）【答案】remind【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这些旧照片总是使我想起和我的家人在农村度过的快乐日子。分析句子结构，

设空处缺少谓语动词，remind意为“使……想起”，根据always可知，此处陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词使用原形。故填remind。52.It'simportantforusto______（平衡）studyandlife.（根据中文提示填空）【答案】bala

nce【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意：对于我们来说平衡学习与生活是重要的。balance“平衡”是动词，to是不定式符号，接动词原形，故填balance。【点睛】53.Thismethodisdifficulttocarryoutaltho

ughitiscompletelycorrectin______（理论）．（根据中文提示填空）【答案】theory【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这种方法很难实施，尽管它在理论上是完全正确的。theory“理论”，介词后接名词作宾

语，故填theory。【点睛】54.Borninafamilyofmusicians,heshoweda______（天赋）formusicwhenhewasonlythree.（根据中文提示填空）【答案】gift/talent【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意

：他出生在一个音乐家家庭，三岁时就表现出了音乐天赋。根据中文提示“天赋”，以及上文不定冠词a，可知应填单数名词gift/talent。showagift/talentfor“在……方面有天赋”。为固定短语。故填gift/talent。55.Insomewester

ncultures,itisa______（传统）forawomantoadoptherhusband'sfamilynameaftergettingmarried.（根据中文提示填空）【答案】tradition【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词，句意：在一些西方文化中，妇女结婚后

采用丈夫的姓是一种传统。冠词后接名词，tradition“传统”是名词，作表语。不定冠词修饰用单数，故填tradition。【点睛】56.Lookathisredeyes.It's______(obviously)that

hedidn'tsleepwelllastnight.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】obvious【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：看这他红色的眼睛。很明显他昨天晚上没有睡好。is后接形容词做表语，故填obvious。【点睛】57.Readingawiderang

eofbookswillbringgreat______(benefit)tousinthelongrun.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】benefits【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：从长远看，阅读广泛的书籍将给我们带来巨大的益处。

形容词修饰名词，根据句意用复数，故填benefits。【点睛】58.Whenweare______(apologize)topeopleforourmistakes,it'sunwisetouseanykindofexcuses.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】apolog

izing【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我们为自己的错误向别人道歉时，使用任何借口都是不明智的。分析句子结构，从句缺少谓语动词，we和apologize为主动关系，结合空前的are可知，设空处需填现

在分词形式和are构成现在进行时。故填apologizing。59.Theplaywasfirst______(performance)in1987.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】performed【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这出戏于1987年首次上演

。分析句子结构，句子缺少谓语动词，perform意为“表演，表现”，是动词。根据时间状语in1987可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语theplay和perform为被动关系，已有was，设空处需填过去分词形式构成被动语态。故填performed。60.Theyatt

achgreat______(important)totheexam.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】importance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他们非常重视这次考试。分析句子结构，great为形容词，作定语修饰名词，设空处需填important的名词形式，importanc

e意为“重要性”。attachgreatimportanceto为固定短语，意为“高度重视”。故填importance。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文

，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在

错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。ThebookI'mreadingtalksabouttheafternoonteaintheBritain.Accordingt

othebook,itiscalledtheafternoonteatodaystartsintheearly1800's.Havingteainthelaterafternoonprovidedabridgebetweenlunchanddinner

,whichmightnotbeingserveduntil8o'clockintheevening.Interesting,theafternoonteacustomsoonledarapidgrowthintheporcelain（瓷器）industry.TeainChinawastrad

itionallydrankfromcupswithouthandle（s柄）．WhenteabecamepopularityinBritain,therewasacryingneedfortheporcelainindustrytoproducecupwithhandles

tosuitthenewneed.【答案】1.去掉in2.it→what3.starts→started4.later→late5.being→be6.Interesting→Interestingly7.led后加to8.drank→drunk9.popularity→popul

ar10.cup→cups【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了英国人喝下午茶的风俗习惯，这种风俗很快就变成了一天中午餐和晚餐之间的一顿饭．当茶在英国变得流行后，迫切需要一些带柄的好茶杯来适应英国的习

惯，这就带动了瓷器业的增长。【详解】1.考查冠词。inBritain”在英国”是固定用法，故去掉the.2.考查名词性从句连接词。句意：根据这本书，今天所谓的下午茶开始于19世纪早期。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，结

合句意应用what引导。故it改为what。3.考查动词时态。根据后文intheearly1800’s可知描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故starts改为started。4.考查形容词。句意：下午晚些时候喝茶是午餐和晚餐之间的桥梁，晚餐可能要到晚上8

点才供应。结合句表示“下午晚些时候”短语为inthelateafternoon。故later改为late。5.考查情态动词用法。上文might为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故being改为be。6.考查副词。修饰整个句子用副词做状语，故

将Interesting改为Interestingly。7.考查介词。句意：有趣的是，下午茶风俗很快导致了瓷器工业的快速增长。leadto“导致”，故led后加to。8.考查动词语态。tea与drink为被动关系，根据上文TeainChi

nawas可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故drank改为drunk。9.考查形容词。句意：当茶在英国流行起来的时候，陶瓷工业迫切需要生产有把手的杯子来满足新的需求。become为系动词，后跟形容词popular作表语，表示“受欢迎的”。故popularity改为popular。10.考查名词。句

意同上。cup是可数名词，根据句意用复数，故将cup改为cups。第二节书面表达（满分25分）62.假定你是李华，你从希尔顿酒店(H让tonHotel)网站获悉该公司正在招聘暑期兼职服务员。请你用英语写一封应聘信，内容包括：l．基本信息：姓名、年龄等；2．应聘优势：工作时间灵活、交际能力强、英

语流利等。注意：l．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结束语已为你写好。DearSirorMadam,_________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearSirorMadam,MynameisLiHua,a17-year-oldhighschoolstudentinShanghai.Ih

avelearnedfromyourwebsitethatyouarelookingforpart-timeworkersforthesummervacation.IthinkIwillbequalifiedforthe

job.Firstly,IwillbefreesinceJune30andIcanstarttoworkanytimeafterthevacationbeginsandcanworkforlongerhours.Secondly,IcanspeakEnglishfluentlyandhave

nodifficultycommunicatingwiththeguests.Mostimportantly,IhaveworkedataHiltonHotelintheUSfortwomonthsandhavehadthe

necessarytrainingforthejob.Asaresult,IcanbereadytoworkassoonasIgetthejob.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是写一封应聘信，

应聘聘希尔顿酒店暑期兼职服务员。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.介绍基本信息：姓名、年龄等；2.说明应聘优势：工作时间灵活、交际能力

强、英语流利等。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）learnfrom；lookfor；part-timeworkers；bequalifiedfor；speakEnglishfluently；havenodifficultydoingsth

.；communicatewith；mostimportantly；asaresult；bereadyto；assoonas；lookforwardto第三步：连词成句1.MynameisLiHua,a17-year-oldhighschoolstudentinShanghai.2.Ihavel

earnedfromyourwebsitethatyouarelookingforpart-timeworkersforthesummervacation.3.IthinkIwillbequalifiedforthejob.4

.IwillbefreesinceJune30andIcanstarttoworkanytimeafterthevacationbeginsandcanworkforlongerhours.5.IcanspeakEnglishfluentlyandhavenodifficultycommuni

catingwiththeguests.6.Mostimportantly,IhaveworkedataHiltonHotelintheUSfortwomonthsandhavehadthenecessarytrainingforthejob.7.Asaresult,Ica

nbereadytoworkassoonasIgetthejob.8.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.

表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…Andthen,Finally,Intheend,Atlast2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,F

urthermore,InadditionAswellas,notonly…but(also),including,3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause(从句),Inspiteof+n/d

oing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Theref

ore,Asaresult连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文

中使用了主从复合句，如：Asaresult,IcanbereadytoworkassoonasIgetthejob.中assoonas引导时间状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、

层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。