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通辽新城第一中学2021届高三第二次增分训练英语试卷时间:100分钟分值:150分注意事项:1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共150分,考试时间100分钟。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名,准考证号填写在答题卡的相应位置,将条形码准确粘
贴在条形码区域内。2.回答第I卷(选择题)时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。3.回答II卷时,按照题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在草稿纸上、试卷上或
答题卡非题号对应的答题区域的答案一律无效。第一部分:听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题
卡上将该项涂黑。ATheMetropolitanMuseumofArtWithnearlytwomillionworksofartspanningmorethan5,000years,theMetrop
olitanMuseumofArt(theMET)isoneoftheworld’slargestandfinestmuseums,presentingthebestofhumancreativityfroma
roundtheglobe,withworld-famouscollectionsrangingfromancientEgyptiantreasurestothespectacularNewAmericanWing,plusmorethan30annualspecialexhibitions,al
lfreewithyouradmission.EnjoydrinksandtheRoofGarden’sspectacularskylineviews(May—October).OrexperienceF
ridayandSaturdayeveningsattheMET,openuntil9p.m.withlivemusicintheBalconyBar.TheMET,withitstallcolumnsandwindows,largestairwaysandwaterfountain
s,lookslikeitcouldbeanemperor’spalace.Thesizeanddiversityoftheartworksondisplayareevenmoreimpressive.Themuseum’scollectioncontainsworksfromev
erypartoftheworld,spanningfromtheStoneAgetothetwentiethcentury.TheEgyptianArtgalleryincludesawholetemplethatwasshippedtoAmericaasagift.T
heMetStoreisawonderfulplacetobuygifts;youwillfindbooksbasedonpastandpresentexhibits,puzzles,jewelryandotherreproductionsproducedbythemuseum.U
pstairsthereareblanketsandpostersforhomedecoratingwithstyle.HoursSunday—Thursday:10a.m.—5:30p.m.FridayandSaturday:10a.m.—9p.m.Admissio
nAdults:$25Seniors(65andover):$17Students:$12Children(under12;accompaniedbyanadult):Free1.Wherecanyoupurchaseasouveniratthe
MET?A.IntheRoofGarden.B.IntheBalconyBar.C.IntheMetStore.D.IntheEgyptianArtgallery.2.Howmuchshouldayoungcoupl
ewitha5-year-oldkidpayiftheywanttovisittheMET?A.$25B.$37C.$50D.$623.Atwhichtimebelowcanyouseetheamazingskylineviewsinth
eRoofGarden?A.OnTuesday28May,11a.m.B.OnFriday12November,4p.m.C.OnSunday29October,6p.m.D.OnSaturday21January,2
a.m.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则大都会艺术博物馆的公告,介绍了博物馆的历史、特色活动、营业时间以及门票等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheMetStoreisawonderfulplacetobuygifts
;youwillfindbooksbasedonpastandpresentexhibits,puzzles,jewelryandotherreproductionsproducedbythemuseum.Upstairsthereareblan
ketsandpostersforhomedecoratingwithstyle.(TheMetStore是买礼物的好地方;你会发现根据博物馆过去和现在的展览、拼图、珠宝和其他复制品制作的书籍。楼上有用于家庭装饰
的毯子和海报)”可知,在大都会博物馆的MetStore可以买到纪念品。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Admission部分中“Adults:$25;Children(under12;accompaniedbyana
dult):Free(成人25美元;12岁以下儿童:免费)”可知,一对带着5岁孩子的年轻夫妇如果想参观大都会博物馆,需要付25+25=50美元。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“EnjoydrinksandtheRoofGarden’sspecta
cularskylineviews(May—October).(五月到十月享受饮料和屋顶花园壮观的天际线景色)”以及Hours部分中“Sunday—Thursday:10a.m.—5:30p.m.;FridayandSaturday:10a.m.—
9p.m.(营业时间:星期日到星期四:上午10时到下午5时30分;星期五及星期六:上午10时至晚上9时)”可知,在5月28日,星期二上午11点你可以看到屋顶花园令人惊叹的天际线景观。故选A。BAduckhasbeensavedbytheRoyalSoci
etyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals(RSPCA)aftergettingstuckwithaplasticringarounditsneck.Itisbelievedthatthep
lasticringisthesamesortusedtopackagecansofbeertogether.AnimalCollectionOfficer(ACO)LaurenBradshawwasoneofthethreepeopletofindandres
cuetheduckonthecanalnearSellarsSquareinManchesteronAugust23.Theyenteredthewatertoreachthebird.“Ourplanwastoroundupt
heduckandgethimtoabridgeasthewidthofthecanalissmallerthere,”Laurensaid,“Theduckmanagedtoescapefromusacoupleoftimesbuteventuallywemanagedtonet
andcatchhim.ThenIfreedhimandgavehimanexamination.”Sheaddedthattheplasticwasfortunatelynottightaroundtheanimal’sneckanddidnotcause
anyinjuriesordifficultybreathing.However,plasticstuckaroundtheneckandthroatareaisahazardtomanyseaanimals,astheanimalsthinkitisfoodand,oncetrapped,a
reunabletoremoveit.Shesuggestedthatpeoplecutopenanyplasticringssothatiftheyaredeserted,theywillnotbeabletotrapanimalslikethis.Laurenalsoremin
dedpeoplethatducksmaystarvetodeathduetolitterbeingthrownawayratherthanbeingputinadustbin.Whenhungryduckssw
allowfloatingpiecesofplastic,theycancutthroughtheirorgansortrickthemintofeelingfull,causingthemtostopeating
.TheRSPCAsaysithasreceivedmorethan21,600reportsofanimalsinjuredorcaughtinlitteroverthepastfiveyears.4.WhydidtheRSPCAstaffdrivetheducktoabri
dge?A.Tocatchiteasily.B.Tofreeitconveniently.C.Toaskpassers-byforhelp.D.Tomakeitgotothebanksoon.5.WhatcanweinferaboutLaurenaftersheexami
nedtheduck?A.Shewasannoyedatthebird.B.Shefeltluckynottohurtit.C.Shewasguiltyaboutherdelay.D.Shebreathe
dasighofrelief.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazard”inParagraph3refertoo?A.Danger.B.Criterion.C.Shock.D.Fa
ilure.7.WhatdidLaurensuggestpeopledoaboutducks’safety?A.Cutplasticringsintopieces.B.Dealwithplasticlitter
properly.C.Reduceplastic-basedfoodwrappers.D.Improvetherecyclingrateforplastics.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一只鸭子的脖子上被一个塑料
环卡住了,英国皇家防止虐待动物协会拯救了它。文章介绍了英国皇家防止虐待动物协会的工作人员Lauren是如何解救这只鸭子的,以及Lauren提出该如何处理塑料垃圾以保护动物免受伤害。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中““Ourplanwastorounduptheduckandgethimtoab
ridgeasthewidthofthecanalissmallerthere,”Laurensaid,“Theduckmanagedtoescapefromusacoupleoftimesbuteve
ntuallywemanagedtonetandcatchhim.ThenIfreedhimandgavehimanexamination.”(Lauren:“我们的计划是围捕这只鸭子,把它撵到一座桥上,因为那里的运河比较窄,这只鸭子几次设法从我们手中逃脱,但最终我们设法捉住了
它。然后我放了他,给他做了检查。”)”可知,皇家防止虐待动物协会的工作人员要把鸭子送到一座桥上是为了容易抓住它。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Sheaddedthattheplasticwasfortu
natelynottightaroundtheanimal’sneckanddidnotcauseanyinjuriesordifficultybreathing.(她补充说,幸运的是,塑料没有紧紧地缠在动物的脖子上,也没有造成任何伤害或呼吸困难)”可推知,Lauren检查了
鸭子之后,她如释重负地松了口气。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“plasticstuckaroundtheneckandthroatareaisa”以及后文“astheanimalsthinkitisfoodand,oncetrapped,areunabletor
emoveit”可知,卡在脖子和喉咙区域的塑料对许多海洋动物来说是一种危险,因为动物认为这些塑料是食物,一旦被困,就无法将其清除。故画线词意思是“危险”。A.Danger.危险;B.Criterion.标准;
C.Shock.震惊;D.Failure.失败。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Shesuggestedthatpeoplecutopenanyplasticringssothatiftheyaredeserted,theywillnotbea
bletotrapanimalslikethis.(她建议人们切开任何塑料环,这样如果它们被遗弃,他们就不能像这样困住动物了)”可知,Lauren建议人们正确处理塑料垃圾保护鸭子的安全。故选B。CSharingtrulyiscaring,evenamongbabies.Arecentstudy
foundthatbabieswouldnotonlyofferuptheirfoodtoahungrystrangerbutwilldosoevenwhenfacinghungerthemselves.Thestudywhichincluded10019-mont
h-olds,wasdonebytheUniversityofWashington’sInstituteforLearning&BrainSciences(I-LABS).LeadauthoronthestudyandresearcheratI-LAB
S,RodolfoCortesBarragan,said,“Wethinkaltruismisimportanttostudybecauseitisoneofthemostuniqueaspectsofbeinghuman.Weadultshelpeachoth
erwhenweseeanotherinneedandwedothisevenifthereisacosttotheself.Sowetriedouttherootsofthisinbabies.”Theresearchersmonitoredhow
thebabiesbehavedwhendifferentfruits—suchasstrawberries,bananas,andgrapes—werepresentedinfrontofthem.Theyalsodividedthebabiesintotwo
groups:the“Non-begging”groupandthe“Begging”group.Theexperimenterdroppedapieceoffruitandpretendedtobeunsuccessfulwhentryingtorea
chforit,indicatingthattheywerebeggingforthelostfood.Morethanhalfofthebabiespickedupthefoodandgaveittotheresearcher!Thenresearchersbroughtins
omebabies,allofthethesameage,rightbeforetheirscheduledmealtimes.Again,researchersshowedthesamebehavior.“Thebabiesinthissecondexperim
entlookedlonginglyatthefruit,andthentheygaveitaway!”saidAndrewMeltzoff,theCo-DirectorofI-LABS.“Wethinkthiscapture
sakindofbaby-sizedversionofaltruistichelping.”Afterresearchersanalyzedthedata,theyfoundthatbabiesthatcamefro
mfamilieswithbrothersandsistersorspecificculturalbackgroundswerealsomorelikelytohelp.“Wethinkcertainfamilyandsoc
ialexperiencesmakeadifference,andcontinuedresearchwouldbedesirabletomorefullyunderstandwhatmaximizestheexpressionofaltruisminyoungchildr
en,”Barragansaid.“Ifwecandiscoverhowtopromotealtruisminourkids,thiscouldmoveustowardsamorecaringsociet
y.”8.Whydidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?A.Toknowhowfoodattractsbabies.B.Toseewhetherbabieshelpeachother.C.Totest
theoriginsofaltruisminhumans.D.Tofindthemotivationofbabiestohelpothers.9.Howdidthebabiesinthesecondexperiment
differfromthoseinthefirstone?A.Theywereofallages.B.Theyhadbrothersorsisters.C.Theywerehungrywhentested.D.Theyc
amefromspecialfamilies.10.Whatmayresearchersdoinfutureresearch?A.Discoverwhatkidsliketoshare.B.Findwa
ystomotivatekids’altruism.C.Focusonkids’aggressivebehavior.D.Learnabouthowtocreateacaringsociety.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Kid
s’altruisticBehaviorCountsB.FoodSharingHelpsPromoteFriendshipC.FamilyBackgroundsAffectBabies’HabitsD.BabiesGive
FoodtoOthersEvenWhenHungry【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近的一项研究发现,婴儿不仅会把食物提供给饥饿的陌生人,甚至在自己饥饿时也会这样做。文章主要
介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究为未来找到激发孩子利他主义的方法带来的意义。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“LeadauthoronthestudyandresearcheratI-LABS,RodolfoCort
esBarragan,said,“Wethinkaltruismisimportanttostudybecauseitisoneofthemostuniqueaspectsofbeinghuman.Weadult
shelpeachotherwhenweseeanotherinneedandwedothisevenifthereisacosttotheself.Sowetriedouttherootsofthisinbabies.”(该研究的第一作者、I-LABS的研究员Rod
olfoCortesBarragan说:“我们认为研究利他主义很重要,因为它是人类最独特的方面之一。当我们成年人看到别人需要帮助的时候,我们会互相帮助,即使这样做会让自我付出代价。所以我们在婴儿身上试验了这种现象的根源。”)”可知
,研究人员进行这项研究是为了测试人类利他主义的起源。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Thenresearchersbroughtinsomebabies,allofthethesameage,rig
htbeforetheirscheduledmealtimes.Again,researchersshowedthesamebehavior.“Thebabiesinthissecondexperimentlookedlongi
nglyatthefruit,andthentheygaveitaway!”saidAndrewMeltzoff,theCo-DirectorofI-LABS.(然后,研究人员在他们预定的用餐时间之前
,带来了一些年龄相同的婴儿。研究人员再次表现出同样的行为。“在第二个实验中,婴儿们渴望地看着这个水果,然后他们把它送给了别人!”I-LABS联合主任AndrewMeltzoff说)”可知,第二个实验中的婴儿与第一个实验中的婴儿的不同在于做测试时,第二个实验中的婴儿处于饥饿
状态。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Wethinkcertainfamilyandsocialexperiencesmakeadifference,andcontinuedresearchwouldbedesirabletomorefullyu
nderstandwhatmaximizestheexpressionofaltruisminyoungchildren,”Barragansaid.“Ifwecandiscoverhowtopromotealtruisminourkid
s,thiscouldmoveustowardsamorecaringsociety.”(Barragan说:“我们认为特定的家庭和社会经历会产生影响,我们希望继续进行研究,以更充分地了解是什么使幼儿的利他主义表现最大化。如果我们能发现如何促进孩子们的利他主义,这将推动我们走向一个更有
爱心的社会。”)”可知,研究人员在未来的研究中可能找到激发孩子利他主义的方法。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Sharingtrulyiscaring,evenamongbabies.Arecentstudyfoundt
hatbabieswouldnotonlyofferuptheirfoodtoahungrystrangerbutwilldosoevenwhenfacinghungerthemselves.(分享就是关爱,即使是在婴儿之间。最近的一项研究发现,婴儿不仅会把食物提供给
饥饿的陌生人,甚至在自己饥饿时也会这样做)”结合文章主要介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究为未来找到激发孩子利他主义的方法带来的意义。可知,D选项“婴儿即使饿了也会给别人食物”最符合文章标题。故选D。DFordecades,climatescientistshavenamedhurrican
esandrankedthemaccordingtoseverity.“Namingandcategorizingheatwavesisalsoamust,”statesanewlyformedinternationalunion,calledtheExtremeHeatResilienceA
lliance.“Hurricanesgetattentionbecausetheycauseobviousphysicaldamage,”saysJenniferMarlon,aclimatescientist
atYaleUniversity.Heatwaves,however,havelessevidenteffects,sincetheprimarydamageistohumanhealth.Heatwaveskillmorepe
opleintheUnitedStatesthananyotherweather-relateddisaster.DatafromtheNationalWeatherServiceshowthatfrom1986to2019,therew
ere4,257deathsasaresultofheat.Bycomparison,therewerefewerdeathsbyfloods(2,907),tornadoes(2,203)orhurricanes(1,405)overthesameperiod.What’s
more,climatechangeisincreasingthepossibilityofhightemperatureeventsworldwide,gettingtensofthousandsofpeopledyingeachyearbecause
ofheat.Somepopulationsareparticularlyeasilyharmedbyhighheat,includingpeopleover65andthosewithpotentialmedic
alconditions.Historicalracialdiscriminationalsoplacesminoritycommunitiesathigherrisk.Duetohousingpolicies,comm
unitiesofcoloraremorelikelytoliveinurbanareas,heatislandswhichlackthegreenspacesthathelpcooldownneighborhoods.Partofthenaminga
ndrankingprocesswillincludedefiningexactlywhataheatwaveis.Nosingledefinitioncurrentlyexists.Withouta
universallyaccepteddefinitionofaheatwave,“Wedon'thaveacommonunderstandingofthedangerweface,”saysAaronBernstein,anexpertofthenewgroup.“D
efinedcategoriesforheatwavescouldhelplocalofficialsbetterpreparetoaddresspotentialhealthproblemsinthefaceofrisingtemperatures.Andnamingandcategoriz
ingheatwavescouldincreasepublicawarenessofthehealthriskscausedbythesesilentkillers.”TheunionisinongoingconversationswiththeNa
tionalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,theWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationandotherinstitutionstodevelopastandardnamingandrankingpractice.1
2.WhatdoweknowabouttheheatwaveinAmerica?A.Itcausesmostseriousphysicaldamage.B.Ithasgotmoreattentioninrecentyears.C.Itkillsmorepe
oplethanothernaturaldisasters.D.Itisthebiggestkilleramongweather-relateddisasters.13.Whyareminoritypopulationseasilyharmedbyheatwaves?A.Theyliveinp
oorly-builthouses.B.Theylackgoodmedicalresources.C.Theyhavelessaccesstogreenspaces.D.Theyarerestrictedintheirmovements.14.Whatistheau
thor’sattitudetowardstheexpertmentionedinParagraph4?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Conservative.D.Tolerant.15.What
doesthetextintendtotellusaboutheatwaves?A.Theyalsokillliveslikehurricanes.B.Theyshouldhavenameslikehurricanes.C.Climatech
angeisaffectingthemgreatly.D.Measuresshouldbetakentopreventthem.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有关组织和科学家表示,高温应该像飓风一样进行命名。文章介绍了高温所带来的危害和对
高温进行命名和分类会带来的好处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“HeatwaveskillmorepeopleintheUnitedStatesthananyotherweather-relateddisaster.(在美国,高温造成的死亡人数比其他任何与天气有关的灾难都要多)”可知,美
国的高温是与天气有关的灾害中最大的杀手。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Historicalracialdiscriminationalsoplacesminoritycommunitiesathigherris
k.Duetohousingpolicies,communitiesofcoloraremorelikelytoliveinurbanareas,heatislandswhichlackthegreenspacesthathelpco
oldownneighborhoods.(历史上的种族歧视也使少数族裔社区面临更高的风险。由于住房政策,有色人种社区更有可能居住在城市地区,热岛地区缺乏绿色空间,帮助社区降温)”可知,少数民族容易受到高温的伤
害因为他们很少接触绿色空间。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Partofthenamingandrankingprocesswillincludedefiningexactlywhataheatwaveis.No
singledefinitioncurrentlyexists.Withoutauniversallyaccepteddefinitionofaheatwave,“Wedon'thaveacommonunderstandingofthedangerwef
ace,”saysAaronBernstein,anexpertofthenewgroup.“Definedcategoriesforheatwavescouldhelplocalofficialsbetterpreparetoaddresspotentialhealthproblem
sinthefaceofrisingtemperatures.Andnamingandcategorizingheatwavescouldincreasepublicawarenessofthehealthriskscausedbythesesilentkiller
s.”(命名和排名过程的一部分将包括准确定义什么是高温。目前还没有单一的定义。如果对热浪没有一个被普遍接受的定义,新小组的专家AaronBernstein说:“我们对所面临的危险没有一个共同的认识,高温的定义
类别可以帮助地方官员在气温上升时更好地准备应对潜在的健康问题。对高温进行命名和分类可以提高公众对这些无声杀手造成的健康风险的意识。”)”可知,作者认为高温应该进行命名和排名,所以对第四段中提到的专家的态度是支持的。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Fordecade
s,climatescientistshavenamedhurricanesandrankedthemaccordingtoseverity.“Namingandcategorizingheatwavesisalsoamust,”statesanewly
formedinternationalunion,calledtheExtremeHeatResilienceAlliance.“Hurricanesgetattentionbecausetheycauseobviousphysicaldamage,”saysJenniferMarlon,a
climatescientistatYaleUniversity.Heatwaves,however,havelessevidenteffects,sincetheprimarydamageistohumanhealth.(几十年来,气候科学家一直在为飓风命名,并根据严重程度
对它们进行排序。一个新成立的国际联盟——极端高温恢复联盟表示:“对高温进行命名和分类也是必须的”,耶鲁大学的气候科学家JenniferMarlon说:“飓风引起人们的注意是因为它们造成了明显的物理破坏”。然而,高温的影响并不明显,因为主要
的损害是对人体健康的损害)”结合文章主要说明了有组织和科学家表示,高温应该像飓风一样进行命名。文章介绍了高温所带来的危害和对高温进行命名和分类会带来的好处。可知,这篇文章想告诉我们高温应该有像飓风一样的名字。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入
空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Withsomanythingshappeningintheworldandsomuchworktodoinourdailylife,weneedeasywaystocalmandrelaxourselves.____16____M
aybethefollowingideascanhelpyoufeelmoresettledandsupported.Comfortingsmellscansignalourbrainstorelaxandstayi
nthepresentmoment.It’seasytobringacomfortingsmellintoyourhomewithalovelyplantorabunchoffreshflowers.____17____Childhoodo
bjectscanputcomfortrightintoyourhands.Turntosimpleitemslikeablanket,asoftanimaltoy,orasouvenirfromachildhoodtrip.____18____Iftheycomfo
rtedyouinyouryoungeryears,theycancertainlydosoagain.Naturemightbethefundamentalsourceofcomfort.____19____Beinginnature’spresencec
anremindyouthatyourlife,liketheoceans,mountainsandforests,canremainsteadythroughalotofchanges.Stepoutsi
detoseewhatnaturalscenesarewaitingforyou,orbringtheoutdoorsinwithahouseplant,evenalittlesmallone.____20____It’slikecomin
ghometoafamiliar,comfortingwelcomeafteralongjourney.MycomfortbookisactuallymycollectionofCathycomics.
Idiscoveredtheseduringmyteenyears,andtheyneverfailtomakemesmileandbringbacksomanyhappymemories.A.Itispermanentyetever-changing.B
.Thesemightbehiddensomewhereinyourroom.C.Itcanremindyouwhatyoualreadyknoworlearn.D.Youcanalsojustopenthewindowtoletfreshairin.E.Theyarenotc
omfortingwhenyouareunderstressordiscouraged.F.Sometimescomfortcanbefoundwherewedon’talwaysthinktolook.G.Cozyinguptobooksyou’verea
dagainandagainisagreatcomforttoyou.【答案】16.F17.D18.B19.A20.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了了如何在变化而忙碌的生活中寻求让自我感觉舒适的方法。【16题详解】上文“Withsomanyth
ingshappeningintheworldandsomuchworktodoinourdailylife,weneedeasywaystocalmandrelaxourselves.”(世界发生着如此多的事情
,在我们的日常生活中有如此多的工作要做,我们需要简单的方法来平静和放松自己)可知,外部环境和忙碌的生活不可避免带来压力,我们需要方法去调节自己;根据第二段“Comfortingsmells”(令人舒适的气味)、第三段“Childhoodobjectscanputcomfort
rightintoyourhands.”(童年时代的物品可以让你感到舒适)、第四段“Naturemightbethefundamentalsourceofcomfort.”(大自然可能是舒适的根本源泉)及第五段“It’slikecominghometoafamil
iar,comfortingwelcomeafteralongjourney.”(这就像在长途旅行后回到一个熟悉的,令人舒适的欢迎)可知,文章主要在讲述是我们感觉舒适的方法和东西,而这些都是平常生活中很常见
的却容易被忽略的,所以F选项“有时,我们会在不经意的地方找到安慰”承接了上文我们需要放松自我,又引起了下文寻找舒适的方法,符合语境。故选F项。【17题详解】分析文章结构可知,每段开头是本段的主旨句;根据本段句首“Comfortingsmellsc
ansignalourbrainstorelaxandstayinthepresentmoment.”(舒适的气味可以向我们的大脑发出放松和停留在当下的信号)可知,本段主要说明的是令人舒适的气味可以让我们放松;所以D选项“你也可以打开窗户,让新鲜空气进来”中的fres
hair属于comfortingsmells的一种,且also承接了上文,继续说明怎么创造令人舒适的气味,所以D选项符合语境。故选D项。【18题详解】上文“Childhoodobjectscanputcomfortrightintoyourhands.Turntosimpleitemsli
keablanket,asoftanimaltoy,orasouvenirfromachildhoodtrip.”(童年时代的物品可以让你感到舒适。可以求助于一些简单的东西,比如毯子,毛绒动物玩具,或者童年旅行的纪念品)可知,童年的物品可以给我们带来舒适的感觉;B选项“这些
可能藏在你房间的某个地方”中的these对应前文的ablanket,asoftanimaltoy,orasouvenir,且与后文的they对应,所以B选项符合语境。故选B项。【19题详解】后文“Beinginnature’spresencec
anremindyouthatyourlife,liketheoceans,mountainsandforests,canremainsteadythroughalotofchanges.”(身处大自然可以提醒你
,你的生命,就像海洋、山脉和森林,可以在很多变化中保持稳定)可知,大自然可以告诉我们即使身处不断变化的世界,我们的生命也可以保持相对的稳定;A选项“它是永恒的,但也是不断变化的”中的it对应前文的nature,且permanent对应
后文的steady,ever-changing对应后文的alotofchanges,所以A选项符合语境。故选A项。【20题详解】分析文章段落结构可知,每段都是总分结构;设空处位于段首,可推断是本段的主旨句;后文“It’slik
ecominghometoafamiliar,comfortingwelcomeafteralongjourney.MycomfortbookisactuallymycollectionofCathy
comics.”(这就像在长途旅行后回到家之后的一个熟悉的、令人舒适的欢迎。我的安慰书实际上是我收集的凯西漫画。)可知,书也可以给我们带来舒适的感觉,可推断本段说明的是书的作用;G选项“阅读那些你读过一遍又一遍的书对你来说是一种极大的安
慰”中的book对应后文的it,且符合本段主旨。故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Weddingsareaperfecttime
tosurroundyourselfwiththepeopleyoulove.CintiaBonfantePereiraisaspeechtherapist(治疗师)inCaxiasdoSul,Brazil,and__
__21____workswithchildrenwhohavespeechdelaysbecauseofDownsyndrome.She____22____herstudents,soonthedayshemarriedJoseVotorFlach,hefounda____23
____waytoincludetheminthe____24____,butwithouttellingher!JoseledCintiaintothechurchearlierthatday____25____.Thenthebackdoorssuddenlyopened.AsJo
sesmiledandwaved,agroupofhisbride’s____26____beganwalkingtothem.ThelookonCintia’sfacewasabsolutelypricelessasshe__
__27____whatwasgoingon.Sheweptaseachchildappearedto____28____her.Youcouldseethe____29____Cintiahadforherst
udentsasshegentlytouchedtheirfacesand____30____thespecialmomentwitheachofthem.Thebridesaidthebig____31____wasoneofthebestpartsofherweddingday!“Il
ovethe____32____somuchtoworkwithkidsandhavingtheopportunityto____33____thechildrenonthisdayissoamazing,”she___
_34____.Shehasbeenworkingwiththesechildrenforalongtimetohelpthemimprovetheir____35____skills.Shehasbeen____36____eachandeveryoneofthem!She’sag
reatadvocateforpeoplewithDownsyndrome.____37____,theweddingphotographershe____38____forherbigdayisJoaoVicente,who____39____hasDowns!Jo
seofficiallywonthe“greatestweddingsurprise”awardforthis____40____moment!WhatabeautifulwaytobringalltheimportantpeopleinCintia’slifetogether.21.A.fr
equentlyB.temporarilyC.casuallyD.bravely22.A.adoresB.needsC.studiesD.understands23.A.traditionalB.curiousC.beautifulD.strange24.A.report
B.ceremonyC.speechD.statement25.A.underorderB.byluckC.invainD.onpurpose26.A.studentsB.friendsC.colleaguesD.classmates27.A.predictedB.realizedC.inf
ormedD.reminded28.A.convinceB.delightC.hugD.surround29.A.attitudeB.loveC.courageD.change30.A.createdB.recordedC.cho
seD.shared31.A.secretB.surpriseC.lessonD.promise32.A.independenceB.interestC.habitD.profession33.A.acceptB
.noticeC.haveD.cure34.A.explainedB.arguedC.repeatedD.responded35.A.walkingB.drivingC.languageD.business36.A.caringaboutB.calmingdownC.gi
vingplacetoD.puttingupwith37.A.EventuallyB.NaturallyC.NormallyD.Actually38.A.interviewedB.hiredC.honoredD.challeng
ed39.A.evenB.justC.alsoD.still40.A.personalB.convenientC.extraD.thoughtful【答案】21.A22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27
.B28.C29.B30.D31.B32.D33.C34.A35.C36.A37.D38.B39.C40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了CintiaBonfantePereira是巴西西南卡夏斯的一名语言治疗师,她经常帮助那些因为唐氏综
合症而出现语言迟缓的儿童,她的丈夫JoseVotorFlach在婚礼这天请来了Cintia的学生参加婚礼,这让Cintia非常感动。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:CintiaBonfantePereira是巴西西南卡夏斯的一名语言治疗师,她经常帮助那些因
为唐氏综合症而出现语言迟缓的儿童。A.frequently经常,频繁地;B.temporarily暂时地;C.casually随意地;D.bravely勇敢地。上文“CintiaBonfantePereiraisaspeechtherapistinCaxiasdoSul”提到Ci
ntiaBonfantePereira是巴西西南卡夏斯的一名语言治疗师,所以她的工作是经常帮助那些因为唐氏综合症而出现语言迟缓的儿童。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她很喜欢她的学生,所以在她和JoseVotorFlach结婚的那天,Jose
找到了一个美丽的方式让他们参加婚礼,但没有告诉她!A.adores喜欢,崇拜;B.needs需要;C.studies学习;D.understands理解。根据后文“thechildrenonthisdayissoamazing”提到她
喜欢孩子们参加她的婚礼,可知她很喜欢她的学生。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她很喜欢她的学生,所以在她和JoseVotorFlach结婚的那天,Jose找到了一个美丽的方式让他们参加婚礼,但没有告诉她!A.traditional传统的;B.curiou
s好奇的;C.beautiful美丽的;D.strange奇怪的。呼应后文中“Whatabeautifulway”指Jose找到了一个美丽的方式让学生们参加婚礼。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:她很喜欢她的学生,所以在她和JoseVotorFlach
结婚的那天,他找到了一个美丽的方式让他们参加婚礼,但没有告诉她!A.report报告;B.ceremony仪式;C.speech演讲;D.statement陈述。结合上文“onthedayshemarriedJoseVotorFlach”可知此处指让学生参加结婚仪式。故选B。【25题
详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意:当天早些时候,Jose故意把Cintia带进教堂。A.underorder奉命;B.byluck侥幸地;C.invain徒劳地;D.onpurpose故意地。上文提到Jose没有告诉C
intia让学生参加了结婚仪式,所以他在结婚仪式前故意把Cintia带进教堂。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当Jose微笑着挥手时,一群新娘的学生开始向他们走来。A.students学生;B.friends朋友;C.colleagues同
事;D.classmates同学。根据上文“herstudents”以及后文“Sheweptaseachchildappearedto”可知走进来的是Cintia的学生。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当Cintia意识到发生了什么时,她脸上的表情绝对是无价的。
A.predicted预测;B.realized意识到;C.informed通知;D.reminded提醒。结合后文“whatwasgoingon”指意识到发生了什么,realize符合语境。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:每个孩子都拥抱着她,她哭了起来。A.convinc
e说服;B.delight高兴;C.hug拥抱;D.surround围绕。结合常识,学生来参加婚礼,给Cintia祝福,所以是拥抱她。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:你可以看到Cintia对她的学生的爱
,她温柔地抚摸着他们的脸,与他们每个人分享这个特殊的时刻。A.attitude态度;B.love爱;C.courage勇气;D.change改变。根据后文“Cintiahadforherstudentsasshegentlytouchedtheirfaces”以及第二段中
提到的,Cintia很爱她的学生,温柔地抚摸着他们的脸,故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:你可以看到Cintia对她的学生的爱,她温柔地抚摸着他们的脸,与他们每个人分享这个特殊的时刻。A.created创造;B.recorded记录;C.chose选
择;D.shared分享。根据后文“thespecialmomentwitheachofthem”指和学生们分享这个特殊的时刻,share符合语境。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:新娘说,这个大惊喜是
她婚礼当天最精彩的部分之一!A.secret秘密;B.surprise惊喜;C.lesson课程;D.promise承诺。根据第二段中“butwithouttellingher!”可知Jose没有告诉她有学生来参加
婚礼,所以是一个大惊喜。也与后文“greatestweddingsurprise”相呼应。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:她解释说:“我非常喜欢和孩子们一起工作这个职业,在这一天有机会和孩子在一起真是太棒了。”A.indepen
dence独立;B.interest兴趣;C.habit习惯;D.profession职业,专业。根据后文“somuchtoworkwithkids”指和孩子们一起工作的职业。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她解释说:“我非常喜欢和孩子们一
起工作这个职业,在这一天有机会和孩子在一起真是太棒了。”A.accept接受;B.notice注意到;C.have有;D.cure治愈。结合后文“thechildrenonthisdayissoamazing”可知指有机会和孩子们一起度过这一天,故选C。【3
4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她解释说:“我非常喜欢和孩子们一起工作这个职业,在这一天有机会和孩子在一起真是太棒了。”A.explained解释;B.argued争论;C.repeated重复;D.responded回答。上文引
用的内容是Cintia在解释为什么这个惊喜是她婚礼当天最精彩的部分之一,explain符合语境。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她长期以来一直与这些孩子一起工作,帮助他们提高语言技能。A.walking散步;B.driv
ing驾驶;C.language语言;D.business生意。呼应上文“childrenwhohavespeechdelays”这些孩子有语言问题,所以是提高语言技能。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词短
语辨析。句意:她一直关心着他们每一个人!A.caringabout关心;B.calmingdown平静下来;C.givingplaceto让位于;D.puttingupwith忍受。根据后文“eachandeveryoneofthem!She’sagre
atadvocateforpeoplewithDownsyndrome.”可知,Cintia关心自己的学生,她是唐氏综合症患者的支持者。故选A。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:事实上,她为她的大日子聘请的摄影师是JoaoVicente,他也有唐
氏综合症!A.Eventually终于;B.Naturally自然地;C.Normally正常地;D.Actually实际上。上文提到Cintia是唐氏综合症患者的支持者,而实际上(Actually)她为她的大日子聘请的摄影师是
JoaoVicente,他也有唐氏综合症,故选D。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:事实上,她为她的大日子聘请的摄影师是JoaoVicente,他也有唐氏综合症!A.interviewed采访;B.hired
雇佣;C.honored尊重;D.challenged挑战。根据前后文“theweddingphotographershe…forherbigdayisJoaoVicente”可知此处指为婚礼聘请的摄影师。故选B。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:事实上,
她为她的大日子聘请的摄影师是JoaoVicente,他也有唐氏综合症!A.even甚至;B.just仅仅;C.also也;D.still仍然。根据后文“hasDowns”可知摄影师也有唐氏综合征。故选C。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Jose凭
借这体贴的时刻正式获得了“最大婚礼惊喜”奖!A.personal个人的;B.convenient方便的;C.extra额外的;D.thoughtful体贴的。Jose知道Cintia喜欢自己的学生,所以邀请了学生来参加婚礼,可见Jose很体贴。故选
D。第Ⅱ卷第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面材料,在空格处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号中单词的正确形式。AsofJune,Chinahadabout285millionInternetuserslivinginruralareas,__
__41____(account)forover30percentofthecountry’stotal,accordingtoarecentreportonChina’sInternetdevelopment.ThenumberofruralInternetusersinChina____
42____(grow)byover30millioninthelastfewmonths.ThereportsaidtheInternetisplayinga____43____(great)rolethaneverinthecoun
try’spoverty(贫困)reductionefforts,withthepublic’sparticipationinandrecognitionofrelevantcampaignsontherise.Itsaidaso
fJune,onlinepromotionsof____44____(agriculture)productsfromremoteareashadreachedmorethanhalfoftheChineseInternetusers,__
__45____thatmorethanonethirdofnetizenshadboughtsuchproductsviaonlineplatforms.Meanwhile,thereportshowsthat
e-commercelivestreaming(直播)grew____46____(increasing)activeinthefirsthalfoftheyear.AsofJune,thenumberofe-commer
celivestreamingusersinChinahadhit309million,up16.7percentfromMarch.Chinasawover10millionlivestreamingmarketingactivitiesin
thefirsthalfofthisyear,attractingover50billion____47____(view),thereportnoted.ThereportsaidtheInternetcancontributesig
nificantly____48____China’santi-povertygoalbyprovidingjobs,socialsecurityandmedicalserviceinformationfor____49____poorandallowingchildreninpo
verty-strickenareas_____50_____(access)bettereducation.【答案】41.accounting42.hasgrown43.greater44.agricultural45.and46.increasingly47.
views48.to49.the50.toaccess【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了根据最近一份关于中国互联网发展的报告,截至今年6月,中国农村地区的互联网用户约为2.85亿,占全国互联网用户总数的30%以上。随着公众对相关活动的参与度和认可
度不断上升,互联网在中国的减贫工作中发挥着前所未有的重要作用。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:根据最近一份关于中国互联网发展的报告,截至今年6月,中国农村地区的互联网用户约为2.85亿,占全国互联网用户总数的30%以上。分析句子结构可知account
在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语285millionInternetuserslivinginruralareas构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填accounting。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意:在过去几个月里
,中国农村网民的数量增长了3000多万。根据后文“inthelastfewmonths”可知应用现在完成时,主语为ThenumberofruralInternetusers,助动词用has。故填hasgrown。
【43题详解】考查比较级。句意:报告称,随着公众对相关活动的参与度和认可度不断上升,互联网在中国的减贫工作中发挥着前所未有的重要作用。根据后文“thanever”可知应用比较级greater。故填greater。
【44题详解】考查形容词。句意:报告称,截至6月份,超过一半的中国网民看到了来自偏远地区的农产品在网上的促销活动,超过三分之一的网民通过网络平台购买了这些产品。修饰后文名词products,应用形容词agricultural,作定语。故填agricultural。【45题详解】考查连词。句意:
报告称,截至6月份,超过一半的中国网民看到了来自偏远地区的农产品在网上的促销活动,超过三分之一的网民通过网络平台购买了这些产品。结合前后语境,“超过一半的中国网民看到了来自偏远地区的农产品在网上的促销活动”与“超过三分之一的网民通过
网络平台购买了这些产品”构成并列关系,应用连词and。故填and。【46题详解】考查副词。句意:与此同时,该报告显示,电子商务直播在上半年变得越来越活跃。修饰后文形容词active,应用副词increasingly,作状语。故填increasingl
y。【47题详解】考查名词的数。句意:该报告指出,今年上半年,我国直播营销活动超过1000万次,观看量超过500亿次。view此处表示“观看”为可数名词,由over50billion修饰应用复数形式。故填views。【48题详解】考查介词。句意:报告称,通过为贫困人口提供就业、社会保障
和医疗服务信息,以及让贫困地区的儿童获得更好的教育,互联网可以为中国的脱贫目标做出重大贡献。结合句意表示“有助于,促成”可知短语为contributeto。故填to。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意:报告称,通过为贫困人口提供就业、社会
保障和医疗服务信息,以及让贫困地区的儿童获得更好的教育,互联网可以为中国的脱贫目标做出重大贡献。此处为“the+形容词”表示一类人,此处表示贫困人口为“thepoor”。故填the。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:报告称,通过为贫困人口提供就业、社会保障和医疗服务信息,
以及让贫困地区的儿童获得更好的教育,互联网可以为中国的脱贫目标做出重大贡献。结合句意表示“允许某人做某事”可知短语为allowsb.todosth.。故填toaccess。第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;
每小题1分,满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出
该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastsummer,myfriendandmevisitedBeiji
ng’sHutongs,whichmadeushavethedeepunderstandingofBeijing.TheHutongsmainlybuiltduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Nobodyk
nowexactlyhowmanyHutongsthereareinBeijing.IfweconnectedallHutongstogether,andthetotallengthwouldevenbelo
ngthantheGreatWall.Asisknown,theGreatWallisabout4,000milelong.SomeHutongsaresuchnarrowthatapersonlikeme,inordertogetthrough,hastowalksideways.Andsom
eHutongshavemorethan20turns.Withourdelight,somearewellpreserved,wherewecanexperiencetypicallylifeofoldBeijinglocals.【答案】1.me→I2.the→a3.mainly
前加were4.know→knows5.去掉and6.long→longer7.mile→miles8.such→so9.With→To10.typically→typical【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者结合自己参观北京胡同的经历介绍了北京的胡同,介
绍了其起源、长度和特色等。【详解】1.考查代词。句意:去年夏天,我和我的朋友参观了北京的胡同,这让我们对北京有了深刻的了解。此处作主语,表示“我”应用人称代词主格I。故me改为I。2.考查冠词。句意:去年夏天,我和我的朋友参观了北京的胡同,这让我们对北京有了深刻的了解。结
合句意表示“对……有深刻了解”短语为haveadeepunderstandingof。故the改为a。3.考查语态。句意:胡同主要建于明清两代。根据后文“duringtheMingandQingdynasties”可知应用一般过去时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关
系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为TheHutongs,谓语用复数。故mainly前加were。4.考查主谓一致。句意:没有人知道北京到底有多少胡同。此处为一般现在时,主语为不定代词nobody,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故know改为knows。5.考查句子结构。句意:如果我们把所有胡同
连在一起,总长度甚至会比长城还长。此处为if引导的条件状语从句,“thetotallengthwouldevenbelongthantheGreatWall”为主句,前面不需要连词。故去掉and。6.考查比较级。句意:如果我们把所有胡同连在一起,总长度甚至会比长城还
长。根据后文“thantheGreatWall”可知long应用比较级形式。故long改为longer。7.考查名词的数。句意:众所周知,长城大约有4000英里长。mile为可数名词,由4000修饰应用复数形式。故mile改为miles。8.考查副词。句意:有些胡同太窄了,像
我这样的人要想通过,就得侧着身子走。修饰后文形容词narrow应用副词so,构成so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”。故such改为so。9.考查介词。句意:让我们高兴的是,其中一些保存完好,在那里我们可以体验到典型的老
北京人的生活。结合句意表示“让某人高兴的是”可知短语为toone’sdelight。故With改为To。10.考查形容词。句意:让我们高兴的是,其中一些保存完好,在那里我们可以体验到典型的老北京人的生活。修饰后文名词life应用形容词typical,作定语。故typically
改为typical。第二节:书面表达(满分25分)52.假设你是红星中学高三1班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请以“ActionsforaGreenerEarth”为题,根据下面的写作要求,给校刊英语角
写一篇英文稿件,介绍活动的全过程。1.张贴海报。2.利用旧物变废为宝。3.把制作好的物品赠送给社区居民。4.和同学交流经验。注意:1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:地球日EarthDay。_________________________________
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_________________________________________【答案】ActionsforaGreenerEarthAweekbeforeday,posterswereputuparoundoursch
ool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomakebetteruseofusethematerials.Webroughttoourclassroomw
orn-outclothes,piecesofcardboardandemptyplasticbottles,andturnedthoseintodolls,handbags,tissueboxesan
dsmallvases.Thatweekendwewenttoanearbyneighborhoodandgivethemawaytothepeoplethere.Allwereveryhappywiththoseunexpectedgifts,especiallylittlekidsand
elderlypeople.Wedidsowellthatwewereinvitedtoshareourideaandexperiencewithallthestudentsofourschool.Weareveryproudofou
rselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生给校刊英语角写一篇英文稿件,介绍“地球日”系列活动的全过程。【详
解】1.词汇积累张贴:postup→putup分发:handout→giveaway意外的:surprising→unexpected加入:takepartin=joinin2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:Aweekb
eforeday,posterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.拓展句:Aweekbeforeday,posterswereputuparoundourschool,wh
ichcalleduponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.【点睛】[高分句型1]Aweekbeforeday,posterswereputuparoundourschool,call
inguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.(运用了现在分词作状语)[高分句型2]Wedidsowellthatwewereinvitedtoshareourideaandexperiencewithallthest
udentsofourschool.(运用了结果状语从句)