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2021-2022学年度上海市曹杨第二中学高二年级第二学期期中考试英语试卷I.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(20’)(1)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillinthebla

nkstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformoftheg

ivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankTheVaccineHunterMartyVerela59-year-oldkidneytransplantrecipientinOh

io,shouldhavebeennearthetopofthelisttoreceiveaCOVID-19vaccine.Yet____1____millionsofothers,hewasn’thavinganyluckschedulinganappointmen

t.Martyandhiswife,NancyVerel,wouldsitwithcomputersontheirlapstryingforhours____2____(book)anappointmentondifferentsites,allof____3____wereslowandconv

oluted(复杂的).“Ifeelhopeless,”Nancysays.ThenNancyheardaboutMarlaZwinggi,a40-year-oldmomofthreefromaClevelandsuburb

____4____wasspendinguptotenhoursadayonlinetryingtosecureappointmentsforvulnerableindividuals.SoNancymessaged

ZwinggionFacebook:Canyouhelp?Twenty-fiveminuteslater,ZwinggirespondedbyaskingforMarty’slegalname,dateofbirt

h,andotherinformation.NineminutesafterthatZwinggireportedback—Martyhadanappointmenttogetthevaccine.Zwing

gi’svaccinehuntingstartedonFebruary1whenshelearnedthatherparentswereunabletogetappointments____5____.Shehatedthattheyhadtowait

.____6____(click)aroundonvaccineregistrationsites,Zwinggi,whohashelpedherhusbanddevelopwebsites,discoveredjust____7____difficultitw

astobookanappointment.“ItwasliketryingtogetaWorldSeriesticket,”shesays.Sheappliedstrategiesthatwebinsidersarefamiliarwith(keepingmultiplebrow

sersopenrefreshingsitesevery20seconds,erasingcookies)andaddedafewofherspecialskills.“I’mtenacious(坚决的).Idrinkalotof

coffee,andI’mafasttyper,”shesays.Soonenough,Zwinggihadsecuredappointmentsforbothofherparents.“Ifeltlikearockstar,”shesays.Zwinggid

ecidedthathelpingotherswouldbeherwayofgivingback.“Ifeelobligedtowillusoutofthispandemic.”shesays.OnFebruary10.sheloggedontoFacebooktoletpeopleknowt

hatshe____8____(assist)withbookings.ByMarch2she____9____(secure)appointmentsfor400people—____10____lovingactthat,madeNancy

conclude,“MarlaissomesortofCOVIDangel.”(2)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomak

ethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useon

ewordthatbestfitseachblankBehaviourcontractsforteenagersTheconflictbetweenyouandyoursonordaughterisaproblemandmaybeit’stimeyou____11____(think)abou

tsettingupa“homerulescontract”Thisisanideathat’sbeingusedmoreandmoreoften.especiallyinfamilieswithrebelliousteenage

children.WeinterviewedDrAmyBarker,apsychologist,whoisinfavouroftheidea.Whatisahomerulescontract?DrBar

ker:It’saformalagreementabouttherulesofbehaviorthatteenagers____12____(expect)tofollowathome.Ishouldstateclearlywhatther

ulesare,whatprivilegestheteenswillgetiftheyobeytherulesandwhatpunishmentswillfollowiftheydon’t.Thecontractissignedbyeveryone__

__13____(involve),justlikealegaldocument.Who____14____writethecontract?DrBarker:Alltheadultswhohaveaparentalroleshouldbeengage

d.It'simportantthattheyallagreeandsticktotherulesthemselves.Atthesametime,theteenagersshouldalsocontributetheirideas.____15____theyta

kepartinmakingtherules,they’llbemorelikelytofollowthem.Thefinalcontractshouldbetheresultofdiscussion,____16____

(respect)everyone’spointofview,andallthepeoplewhohavesignedshouldgetacopy.Whataretheadvantagesofacontract?DrBarker:Itmakesi

tverycleartoteenswhattheyareandaren’tallowed____17____(do),andtheycanseewhattheconsequencesoftheiractionswillbe.Sotheylearntocontroltheirbehaviour.F

orparents,thecontractstrengthenstheirauthorityandhelpsthemtobefairandreliable.Whatareasshouldbecoveredi

nacontract?DrBarker:Thatdepends.Youcan’tmakerulesforeverything,soyouhavetodecidewhat'smostimportantan

d____18____themainproblemslie.Commontopicsincludethehours____19____teenagersoughttobehome,thespendingmoneyth

eyreceive,thehouseworktheyneedtodoathomeandtheiruseofphonesornetworkingsites.Forolderteens,rulesaboutdrivingacarmayalsobeimportant.Docontracts

solvealltheproblems?DrBarker:No.ofcoursenot!Therewillalwaysbeconflictsanddisagreements____20____peopleinafamily.Bu

tacontractthateveryonerespectscanhelptokeepthepeace.SectionB(20)(1)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.E

achwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.significantB.collectionC.safeD.controver

syE.toleranceF.majorityG.restoredH.colonizedI.diverseJ.negotiatedK.sharedWhenwevisitmuseums,weseeculturalartifacts-fromeverydayhousehol

ditemstopreciouscarvingsandstatues,thatgiveusglimpsesintothe____21____culturesandcommunitiesfromaroundtheworld.

However,____22____surroundstheseartifactsandwhetherornotcountriesshouldreturnthesepiecesofcultureift

heywerestolenorforcefullytakenduringcolonization.Bythe18thand19thcenturies,EuropeancountriessuchasBritain,FranceandtheNetherlandshad____23_

___manyAfricanandAsiancountries.Duringtheirrule,theyeitherseizedartifactsortookthemasspoilsofwars,andbroughtthemtotheirowncountri

eswheretheyarenowdisplayedinmuseums.In2017,theGovernmentofBenininWestAfrica____24____withtheBritishMuseuminLondontoretu

rntheirrenownedBeninBronzes,a____25____ofthousandsofmetalsculpturesandplaques,whichwerepreviouslyhunginther

oyalpalaceoftheKingdomofBenin.Thedebateregardingthisissuetookaturnin2018whenunderPresidentEmmanuelMacronareportwasreleasedthatdirectedthatallheritage

objectsbroughttoFrenchmuseums(withoutthepermissionoftheiroriginalcountries)be____26____.Withtheofficialreleaseofthisreport.museumsallacro

ssEuropebeganreconsideringtheirpreviouspoliciesoncolonialtreasures.Thosewhoproposereturningtheseobjectstotheiroriginalhomesarguethatw

ithtechnologyenablingvirtualmuseumtours,returningtheseartifactstotheirhomelanddoesnottakeawaytheopportunitytolearnabo

utthem.Furthermore,thecountryoforiginwillreceivea____27____partoftheirheritageback,andtheseartifactswillbegivenachancetobetrulyappreciatedund

erproperhistoricalcontext.Thoseagainsttherestorationclaimthatcultureisa____28____treasureandtheartifactsareinfact“

culturalambassadors”thatpromote____29____andunderstandingTheybelievethatwhilestealingthemwaswrong,historyisfullof“good”a

nd“bad”actors.Moreover,theyfeelthatkeepingtheculturalobjectsinthecurrentmuseumshavekeptmillionsofartifacts____30____fromdisfigurationanddamage.(2)Dir

ections:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmoret

hanyouneed.A.handfulB.relievedC.contributorD.subsistenceE.knowledgeF.academicallyG.relevanceH.additionalI.deniedJ.inevitablyK.prospero

usTherearealotoffactorsthatstopchildrenfromgettinganeducation.Forexample,ifacountryisatwarorgoingthroughaperi

odofpoliticalproblems,schoolattendancewill____31____drop.Insuchcircumstances,childrenoftengetcaughtupintheirnation’sconflict.Currently,a

bout300,000childrenintheworldarechildsoldiers.Economicfactorsarealsoakey____32____tolowschoolattendance.AccordingtoUNESCOfigures,215millionchildre

narealreadyworkingandtheirincomesareoftenessentialfortheirfamilies.Inthedevelopingworld,it’smuchmorelikelythatgirlsare____33__

__agoodeducation.Sometimesculturalandreligiousfactorsmayprohibitgirlsfromgoingtoschool.Butmoreoftenthann

ot,thereasonsareeconomic.Adultmaleshavemoreopportunitiestoearnmoneyiftheyhaveaneducation.Consequently

,forpoorfamilies,itmakesmoresensetosendtheirboystoschool.Itisreasonabletoaskwhat____34____educationhasforchildrenandtheirfamiliesi

npoverty-strickencountries.Forpeoplelivinginremotecommunitieswhobringuptheirchildreninharshconditionsandoftenr

elyon____35____farmingtosurvive,educationmaynotseemimportant.However,thisisnottrue.Educationisvitaltopeoplewholiveinlow-in

comecountrieswherethereareonlyamere____36____ofemploymentopportunities.Inthenextfewdecades,jobsintechnologyandcommunica

tions,whichrequireliteracyandnumeracyskills.willreplacemanualjobsmoreandmore.Expertsestimatethatevery____37____yearofeduca

tionwillincreasetheincomeofapersoninalow-incomecountryby10percent.Itisimportantthatgovernmentsaroundtheworldtak

eactionandtherearealotofthingstheycando.Forexample,more____38____countriescancancelorreducelow-incomecountriesdebt.If____39____fromd

ebt,low-incomecountriescanspendmoremoneyoneducation.Policymakersinthesecountriescanalsomakeadifferencebyinvestingresourcesineducation,inthe_____40_

____thathavingawell-educatedpopulationisawayofimprovingacountry’seconomy.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(

15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B.CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphras

ethatbestfitsthecontext.Whocomesfirst?Achild’splaceinthefamilybirthordermayplayaroleinthetypeofoccupationsthatwillinteresthimorherasanadult.newres

earchsuggests.Intworelatedstudiesresearchersfoundthatonlychildren—andtoacertainextentfirst-bornchildren-weremoreinterest

edinintellectualcareersthanlater-bornchildren.____41____later-bornchildrenweremoreinterestedinbothartisticandoutdoor-relatedcareers.Thesere

sults____42____theoriesthatsayourplaceinfamilybirthorderwillinfluenceourpersonality,saidFrederickT.L.Leong,co-authorofthestudyandpr

ofessorofpsychologyatOhioUniversity.“Parents____43____placedifferentdemandsandhavedifferentexpectationso

fchildrendependingontheirbirthorder.”“Forexample,parentsmaybeextremely____44____ofonlychildrenandworryabouttheirphysicalsafety.Thatmayb

ewhyonlychildrenaremorelikelytoshowinterestinacademicpursuitsratherthanphysicalor____45____activities.Anonlychildwilltendtogetmoretimeandattentionf

romtheirparentsthanchildrenwithsistersorbrothers.Thiswilloftenmakethemfeelspecialbutthe____46____isthattheymaysufferfromjealousyandlonelines

swhenfriendsdiscusstheirbrothersandsistersandfamilylife.”Thefirst-bornisanonlychilduntilthesecondchildcomesalong—transfor

mingthemfrombeingthecentreofattention,tothen____47____thecareofparents.Parentswillalsoexpectthemtoberesponsibleand“setanexample”.The____48___

_frombeingthefocusofafamilymaybequiteashockandsoshapethefirst-born’soutlookonlife.____49____first-bornsmaytrytogetbacktheir

parents’attentionandapprovalbyachievingsuccessintheircareers.Itis____50____thatfirst-bornsaresignificantlymoreoften

foundaspoliticalleadersthananyotherbirth-orderposition.Beingtheyoungestinthefamilycansometimesbea(n)____51____experienceespeciallyifthechild

wantstobetakenseriouslyandtreatedlikeanadult.Thelast-bornismorelikelythantheotherbirth-orderpositionstotake

updangeroussports.Thismaybea(n)____52____ofthelast-born’srebelliousness-aresultofbeingfedupwithalwaysbeingbossedaboutbyeveryoneelseinthefa

mily.Middlechildren,however,havedifferent____53____.“Middle-childsyndrome”canmeanfeeling____54____bet

weentwoother“moreimportant”people—anolderbrotherorsisterwhogetsalltherightsandistreatedlikeanadultandayoungeronewhoge

tsalltheprivilegesandistreatedlikeaspoiltchild.Middle-bornshavetolearntogetonwitholderandyoungerchildrenand

thismaycontributetothembecominggoodnegotiators—ofallthebirth-orderpositionstheyaremostskillfulat____55____bothau

thorityfiguresandthoseholdinginferiorpositions41.A.InadditionB.IncontrastC.TobefrankD.Tosumup42.A.fitintoB.turnoverC.leadtoD.serveas43.A.sensiblyB.i

nitiallyC.typicallyD.patiently44.A.confidentB.demandingC.ashamedD.protective45A.outdoorB.unknownC.socialD.relaxing46.A.differe

nceB.purposeC.disadvantageD.benefit47.A.sharingB.keepingC.gainingD.wasting48.A.feedbackB.preventionC.reliefD.change49.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.Besides

D.Otherwise50.A.confusingB.worthwhileC.trueD.fine51.A.excitingB.frustratingC.commonD.invaluable52.A.

honourB.rewardC.riskD.sign53.A.achievementsB.advantagesC.hobbiesD.issues54.A.sandwichedB.connectedC.distinguishedD.stimulat

ed55.A.workingoutB.dependingonC.dealingwithD.lookingafterSectionB(20)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyse

veralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.BCandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinform

ationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Theterm“folksong”hasbeencurrentforoverahundredyears,butthereisstillago

oddealofdisagreementastowhatitactuallymeans.ThedefinitionprovidedbytheInternationalFolkMusicCouncilstatesthatfolkmusicisthemusico

fordinarypeoplewhichispassedonfrompersontopersonbybeinglistenedtoratherthanlearnedfromtheprintedpage.Otherfa

ctorsthathelpshapeafolksonginclude:continuity(manyperformancesoveranumberofyears);variation(changesinwordsandmelodieseitherthrou

ghartisticinterpretationorfailureofmemory);andselection(theacceptanceofasongbythecommunityinwhichitevolves).Whensongshavebeensubjected

totheseprocessestheiroriginisusuallyimpossibletotrace.Forinstance,ifafarmlaborerweretomakeupasongandsingittoacoupleoffriends

wholikeitandmemorizeit,possiblywhenthefriendscometosingitthemselvesoneofthemmightforgetsomeofthewordsand

makeupnewonestofillthegap,whiletheother,perhapsmoreartisticmightaddafewdecorativetouchestothetuneandimproveacoupleoflinesofte

xt.Ifthishappenedafewtimestherewouldbemanydifferentversions,thesong’soriginalcomposer.wouldbeforgotten,andthesongwouldbecomecommonproperty.Th

isconstantreshapingandre-creationistheessenceoffolkmusic.Consequently,modernpopularsongsandotherpublishedmusic,eventhou

ghwidelysungbypeoplewhoarenotprofessionalmusicians,arenotconsideredfolkmusic.Themusicandwordshavebeensetbyaprintedorrecordedsource,limi

tingscopeforfurtherartisticcreation.Thesesongs’originscannotbecoveredandthereforetheybelongprimarilytothecomposerandnottoacommunity.Theidealsituat

ionforthecreationoffolkmusicisanisolatedruralcommunity.Insuchasettingfolksongsanddanceshaveaspecialpurpos

eateverystageinaperson'slife,fromchildhoodtodeath.Epic(史诗)talesofheroicdeeds,seasonalsongsrelatingtocalendareve

nts,andoccupationalsongsarealsolikelytobesung.56.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheterm“folksong”issupportedbyth

epassage?ATheInternationalFolkMusicCouncilinventedit.B.Ithasbeenusedforseveralcenturies.C.Thereisdisagreementabout

itsmeaning.D.Itisconsideredtobeoutofdate.57.Theauthormentionsthatpublishedmusicisnotconsideredtobefolkmusicbecause________.

A.thesongsaregenerallyperformedbyprofessionalsingersB.thesongsattractonlytheyoungpeopleinacommunityC.theoriginalcomposercanbeeas

ilyidentifiedD.thecomposerswritethemusicinruralcommunities58.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.ThestandardsoftheIn

ternationalFolkMusicCouncil.B.Themescommonlyfoundinfolkmusic.CInfluencesoffolkmusiconpopularmusic.D.Elementsthatdefinefolkmusic.(B

)Americansaremorestressedthanever,accordingtoanAmericanPsychologicalAssociationsurvey,andnearlyone-thirdofthepeoplesaystressimpac

tstheirphysicalormentalhealth.Ifyouhaveanyofthesesymptoms,yourstressmightbemakingyousick.Here’showtobattleagainstthem.

Ifyou’veneversufferedfromheadachesbutsuddenlyyourheadisconstantlystriking,youmightbetoostressed.Stressreleaseschemicalsthatcancausechangeston

ervesandbloodvessels（血管）inthebrain,..whichbringsonaheadache.Stresscancausethemormakethemworse.It’salsocommonforyourmusclestotens

eupwhenyou’restressed,whichcanalsocauseaheadache.WHATTODO:Ifyoudon’twanttotakemedicine,tryspreadinglavender（薰衣草）oilonyourtemp

les（太阳穴）whenaheadachestarts.Stresscanmakeyoumentallysick,too.Toomuchofthestresshormonecortisol（皮质醇）canmake

ithardertoconcentrate,causingmemoryproblemsaswellasanxietyordepressionsaysDr.Levine.WHATTODO:Relaxuntilyouregainyourconcentration.Practic

eclosingyoureyesandbreathinginandoutslowly,concentratingonlyonyourbreath.Losingafewstrandsofhairisnormal—oldhairfollicles（囊）arereplacedbynewonesov

ertime—butstresscandisturbthatcycle.Significantstresspushesalargenumberofhairfolliclesintowhat’scalledarestingstageandthenaf

ewmonthslaterthosehairsfallout,accordingtoMayoClinic.org.Stresscanalsocausethebody’sresistantsystemtoattackyourhairfollicles,result

inginhairloss.WHATTODO:Bepatient.Onceyourstresslevelreturnstonormal,yourhairshouldstartgrowingback.59.Ifyou’restressed,youmighthaveoneofthefollow

ingsymptomsEXCEPTthat.A.youkeepgettingheadachesB.youalwayshaveacoldC.yourhairisfallingoutD.yourbrainfeelsconfused60.Whichofthefollowingissugg

estedifyourbraingoesoutoffocus?A.Breathingslowlywithyoureyesclosed.B.Waitinguntilyourbrainreturnstonormal.C.Spreadinglavenderoilonyourtemples.D.Rela

xingandattackingyourbrainsoftly.61.Whatwillhappenoncewegetoverourstressaccordingtothepassage?A.Ourhairstartsfallingoutandthengrowsback.B.Ourbody’

sresistantsystemattacksyourhairfollicles.C.Ourhairstartsgrowingagain.D.Aseriousheadachestarts.(C)Bettergradesmightbefoundontheplaygroun

d.Anewstudyofelementary-agechildrenshowsthatthosewhowerenotpartofanafter-schoolexerciseprogramtendedto

packonaparticulartypeofbodyfatthatcanhavedeleteriousimpactsonbrainhealthandthinking.Butpreventionandtreatmentcouldbeassimpleasplayingmoregameso

ftag(捉迷藏，捉人游戏).Mostchildrendonotmeetthefederalhealthguidelinesforexercise,whichcallforatleastanhourofitadayforanyoneundertheageof18.Physica

linactivitycanresultinweightgainespeciallyaroundthemidsection-includingvisceral(内脏的)fat,atypeoftissuedeepinsidetheabdomen(腹部)thatisknownto

increaseinflammation(炎症)throughoutthebody.Itisalsolinkedtoheightenedrisksfordiabetesandcardiovascularcomplications(并发症)eveninchildren,andm

aycontributetodecliningbrainfunction.Obeseadultsoftenperformworsethanpeopleofnormalweightontestsofthinkingskills.Butlittlehasbeen

knownaboutvisceralfatandbrainhealthinchildren.Forasoon-to-be-publishedstudy,researchersfromNortheasternUniversityinBostonandtheUniversit

yofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaiontrackedhundredsof8-to-10-year-oldchildreninanine-monthafter-schoolexerciseprogrami

nUrbana.Everyday,onegroupofchildrenplayedtagandotheractivegamesforabout70minutes.Thesubjectsinacontrolgroupcontinuedwiththeirnormall

ives,withthepromisethattheycouldjointheprogramthefollowingyear.Allthechildrencompletedtestsoffitness,bodycompositionandcognitiveski

llsatthestartandendoftheprogram.Theresearchersdidnotaskthechildrentochangetheirdiets.Afterthetrialtheexercisingchildrenwhow

ereobeseatthestudy’sonsethadlessvisceralfatrelativetotheirstartingweight,eveniftheyremainedoverweight.Theyalsoshowedsignif

icantimprovementsintheirscoresonacomputerizedtestthatmeasureshowwellchildrenpayattention,processinfo

rmationandavoidbeingimpulsive.Notablyasimilareffectwasobservedinchildrenwhoseweightwasnormalatthestart.Across

theboardthemorevisceralfatachildshedduringtheninemonthsofplay,thebetterheorsheperformedonthetest.Thechildreninthecontrolgroup,incontrastha

dgenerallyaddedtotheirvisceralfat;thiswasparticularlytrueamongthosewhowerealreadyobese.Theygainedonaverage,f

ourtimesasmuchvisceralfatasthenormal-weightchildreninthecontrolgroup,andalsodidnotperformaswellonthesubsequentt

est.LaurenRaine,apostdoctoralresearcheratNortheasternUniversitywhoconductedthestudywithCharlesHillmanandothers,saysthatthetrialw

asdesignedtostudyaerobicfitnessandchildren’sabilitytothinknottherelationofabdominalflabtoinflammation.Butareductioninoveral

linflammationverylikelyplaysarolebecauseitisthoughttobeunhealthyforthebrain.Morebroadly,Rainesaysthestudysuggeststhatgettingchildrentorunarou

ndwon’tjustenhancetheirbodies-itmightalsoimprovetheirreportcards.62.Whatdoestheword“deleterious”inParagraphO

neprobablymean?AinevitableB.vigilantC.harmfulD.beneficial63.ItcanbeinferredfromtheresearchconductedbyresearchersfromNortheasternUniversityin

BostonandtheUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaignthat________.A.gamesmayhelpreducevisceralfatinchildrenandthusimprovetheirbrainp

owerB.obesitycontributestodecliningbrainfunctioninchildrenC.childrenhavefewerweight-relatedhealthandmedicalproblemsthanadultsD.obesechildrenhavetr

oublestayingfocusedandpayingattention64.AccordingtoLaurenRaine,themainfocusofthestudyis________.A.tofindtherelationshipsbetweenphysic

alactivityandhealthinchildrenB.todiscovertherelationshipsbetweenobesityandhealthproblemsinchildrenC.tounderstandanda

ssesstherisksofobesityinyoungchildreninschoolD.tounderstandhowgamesaffectchildrenintermsofacademicperformances65.Whichofthefollowin

gisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.VisceralFatAndSugar-HeavyDietHarmsYourBrainB.LosingFat,GainingBrainPower,onthePlaygroundC.ThisIsWhatWeigh

tLossDoesToYourBrain.D.WhychildrenShouldn’tSitStillUndertheAgeofEighteenIII.SummaryWriting(10’)66.Directions:Readthefollowingpassa

ge.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Englishint

heThirdMillenniumTwothousandyearsagoEnglishdidnotexist.Athousandyearsagoitwasalanguageusedbylessthantwomi

llionpeople.Nowitisthemostinfluentiallanguageintheworldspokenbymorethanabillionpeopleontheplanet,astheirfirstsecondorthirdlanguage.Englishcur

rentlydominatesscience,business,themassmediaandpopularculture.Forexample,80%ofemailsontheInternetareinEnglish.ButwherewillEnglishbeatth

eendofthethirdmillennium?OneviewisthatEnglishisgoingtobecomeevenmoreimportantasagloballanguagedominatingtheworld’stradeandmediawhilemost

otherlanguageswillbecomelocalizedorjustdieout.Atpresentoverhalftheworld’s6500languagesareindangerofextinction.AnotherviewisthatEnglishisal

readybreakingup,asLatindidintoseverallanguages.Therearealreadydictionariesofthe'NewEnglishes’suchasAustralianEn

glishfullofwordsthataBritishEnglishspeakerwouldnotrecognize.Hopefully,neitherofthesethingswillhappen.Althou

ghdifferentvarietiesofEnglishwillcontinuetodeveloparoundtheworld,standardEnglishwillsurviveforinternationalcommunication.Inadditi

on,thefrighteningprospectofaculturallyuniformworldtotallydominatedbyonelanguageisimpossible.Already,otherlanguage

sarefightingbackagainsttheirongripofEnglishontheNet.Governmentsaroundtheworldarealsostartingtoprotectsmallerlang

uagesandrecognizetheimportanceofculturalandlinguisticdiversity.Englishwillprobablystayincontrolforalongtime,a

tleastwhiletheUSAremainsthetopsuperpower,butitdefinitelywon’tbecometheonlylanguageintheworld________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________________________________________________________IV.Translation(15’---3',3’,4',5')Directions:Translatethefo

llowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.67.我原以为我是个滑雪高手，可比起你的技术来未免相形见绌。(shade)（汉译英）68.他总把妻子的付出视为理所当然，这一直是他家庭矛盾的导火索。(grant)

（汉译英）69.新出台的举措旨在恢复公众对就业前景的信心。(intend)（汉译英）70.即使房子已经没有空间了，很多老年人仍非常抵触扔旧物，因为那些东西对他们来说有巨大的情感价值。(resistant)

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