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东城区2022—2023学年度第一学期期末统一检测高一英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，共25分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MyfamilymovedtoPerth,AustraliawhenIwassix.Onthefirstdayofschool,Iwas___1___becauseIcou

ldn’tevensayhelloinEnglish.ThenImetNatsumi.HerfamilyhadjustmovedtoAustraliafromJapan.Unabletospeakaword

ofEnglish,wecouldonly___2___throughbodylanguage,butthisdidnotstopusfrombecomingfast___3___.MymumhasaclearmemoryofonecartripwhenN

atsumiandIweresittinginthebackseat,laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish,ItwasthefirsttimeIhadfelt___4___enoughtospeakthefeww

ordsIhadlearnedthroughouttheyear.Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi’sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.Welost_

__5___.Yearslater,Iwentintotrainingasateacher,teachingEnglishtonewly-arrivedstudentsandadults.Manyofmystu

dentswereJapanese,which___6___meofNatsumi.ThoughIhadlongbeenlookingforher,mysearcheshadsofarlednowhere.Onavi

sittoJapanin2018,I___7___again.Havingspentalongnightonline,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi.Tryingmyluck,Isentherame

ssage.Thenextday,therewasa___8___:“Gabi?GabifromPerth?”Weagreedonadateandmetupfordinner.Seeingheragainwas___9___.Ho

wever,thistime,wewerenotonlyabletocommunicatewithoneanotherinEnglish,but____10____so.1.A.angryB.frightenedC.

excitedD.curious2A.exploreB.improveC.studyD.communicate3.A.friendsB.roommatesC.advisersD.travellers4.A.shockedB.confidentC.upsetD.ca

lm5.A.heartB.hopeC.interestD.touch6.A.warnedB.remindedC.informedD.freed.7.A.appliedB.trackedC.triedD.failed

8.A.replyB.tipC.contactD.sign9.A.awkwardB.impossibleC.attractiveD.unbelievable10.A.honestlyB.peacefullyC.f

luentlyD.politely第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Goingfro

mjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.Thefirstweekwasalittle____11____(confuse).First,

IhadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosethesuitableones:maths,English,ch

emistry,worldhistory,andChinese.IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage,____12____IhopetobefluentwhenIgraduate.Myadviserrecommended

thatIshouldsignupforadvancedliterature____13____IlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形

式填空。WhenMichaelJordan’sfeetlefttheground,timeseemedtostandstill.Theplayer____14____becameknownas“AirJordan”changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmove

sandjumps.Jordan’s____15____(skill)wereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.Inthefinals

econdsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearning____16____hisfailures.Losinggamestaughthimtopract

iceharderandnevergiveup.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。HurricaneIan,ap

owerfulstorm____17____hitCubaearlierthisweek,grewtoastrongstormbeforemakinglandfallonFlorida’swestcoast.Atleast125people,includin

g120inFloridaand5inNorthCarolina,____18____(die)sincethedisasterhappened.Lastweek,IansweptsouthwesternFlorida

,bringingheavyrainsanddangerousflooding.NinetypercentofFortMyersBeach____19____(destroy)byit.Rightnowrescue

workers____20____(work)harddayandnighttomakesurepeoplearesafe.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，共28分)第一节(共9小题;每小题2分，共18分)阅读下列短

文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheLongjiRiceTerracesDayTourOverviewPrice:US.$128PerPersonTime:EveryDayat8:00amDuration:9hou

rsHighlights—PrivateGuidedTourforphotographylovers—Exploretheextremelyattractivericeterraces—Experiencetheuniquec

ustomsandlifestyleoflocalZhuangvillageDescriptionTheLongjiRiceTerracesarethemostamazingterracesinChina.Withahistoryofaroun

d700years,theLongjiRiceTerracesshowboththegreatwisdomandphysicaleffortsoftheZhuangpeople.ItineraryAt8:00am,yourtourguideanddriverwillpickyouupfromyou

rhotelinGuilinandtransportyoutotheamazingLongjiTerraces.(*Touristsstayingoutsideofthecitycenterneedtopayanextrafee.)Afteratwo-ho

urdrive,youwillreachtheentrancetotheLongjiTerraces,whereyouwilltakeaneco-sightseeingbustoPing’anVillage.Thenthetourguidewillshowyouaro

undthevillage.Lunchisonyourown.Yourexpertguidecangiveyousomeadviceonthefoodchoicesinthevillage.Afterashortlunc

hbreak,walkfor20minutestoNo.2ViewingPlatform,aperfectplaceforawonderfulviewoftheterracesbeneath.Youwillhaveenoughtimetotakepictu

resandenjoythefreshair.Otherservices◇Hotelpick-upanddrop-off◇PrivateEnglish-speakingguide.◇Privatedriver&air-conditionedvehicle◇Entrancefeest

otouristsites21.Thetourissuitableforpeoplewholike______.A.localfoodB.studyinghistoryCtakingphotosD.cit

yadventures22.Whatinformationcantravellersgetfromtheitinerary?A.Thetourlasts2hours.B.Lunchisincludedintheprice.C.Transporttoriceterracesisfr

ee.D.No.2ViewingPlatformisamust-go.23.Thepurposeofthepassageisto______.A.giveadviceonhikingB.promoteapackagetourC.in

troduceatouristattractionD.providegeographicinformationBTheolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.Butnooneknowsexactlywhat

thecutoffpointis—atwhatageitbecomesharder.Inoneofthelargeststudies,researchersfromBoston-baseduniversitiesfoundthatchildrenaregoodatlearningaseco

ndlanguageupuntiltheageof18,about10yearslaterthanearlierthought.Butthestudyalsoshowedthatitisbesttostartbyage10ifyouwanttoac

hievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson’sage,languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.T

heycreatedashortonlinegrammarquizcalled“WhichEnglish?”thattestednoun-verbagreement,pronouns,prepositionsandrela

tiveclauses,amongotherlinguisticelements.Theywantedtofindoutwhenthe“criticalperiod”forachievingthehighe

stlevelsofgrammaticalfluencyends.Basedonpeople’sgrammarscoresandinformationabouttheirlearningofEnglish,theresearchersdevelopedmod

elstofindouthowlongittakestobecomefluentinalanguageandthebestagetostartlearning.Theyconcludedthattheabilit

ytolearnanewlanguage,atleastgrammatically,isstrongestuntiltheageof18.Tobecomecompletelyfluent,however,learningshouldstartbeforetheageof10.Therearethr

eemainideasastowhylanguage-learningabilityfallsat18:socialchanges,interference(干扰)fromone’sprimarylanguageandcontinuingbra

indevelopment.At18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-time.Oncetheydo,

theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitytostudyasecondlanguage.Oritispossiblethatafteronemastersafirstlanguage,itsrulesinterferewiththeabili

tytolearnasecondlanguage.Finally,changesinthebrainthatcontinueduringthelateteensandearly20smaysomehowmake.lea

rningharder.Thisisnottosaythatwecannotlearnanewlanguageifweareover20.Therearemanyexamplesofpeoplewhopickupalanguagelaterinlife.Althoughthestudy

wasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanis

handMandarin.24.InParagraph2,“thisproblem”refersto______.A.atwhatagepeoplecandothequizB.howpeopleimproveth

eirlanguageskillsC.whypeoplefindithardtomastergrammarrulesD.inwhatperiodpeoplecanlearnanewlanguagewell25.Whydoespeople’slanguage-lear

ningabilityfallat18?A.Becausetheyhavenogoodlearningenvironment.B.Becausetheyarebusydevelopingotherlifeskills.C.Becausetheyneedn’timprove

thelanguageability.D.Becausetheyfocusmoreontheirprimarylanguage.26.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?A.Toexplainafi

nding.B.Toprovideasolution.CToleadadiscussion.D.Tosupportanopinion.CAbout6millionto12millioncreaturesaredissected(解剖)inU.S.c

lassroomseveryyear,accordingtotheNationalAnti-VivisectionSociety,ananimalrightsgroup.Whilemanystudentseagerlylookforwardtothec

hancetoexaminerealanimalsupclose,otherssaythatthere’snoeducationalvalueincuttingintoanimals’bodies.Shouldstudentsdissectrealani

mals?DavidEvansthedirectoroftheNationalScienceTeachersAssociation,arguesthatstudentsshouldbegiventhechancetodissectanimalsintheclass

room.Studentslearnbestinahands-onenvironmentwheretheycanworktogethertoexploreanddiscover.Interactingwithorganisms(生物)isa

neffectivewaytohelpstudentsdevelopskillsofobservationandcomparisonandlearntheuniquestructures(结构)andprocessesoforganisms.Asgoodasmanymodelso

rsimulationsmightbe,theyareverydifferentfromrealorganisms.Andhebelievestheyfallshortofproducingtherespectforlivingthingsthatcomesfromtheactual

dissectionexperience.JonathanBalcombe,abiologistandalife-longanimalrightssupporter,says,“Ispentmanyyea

rsasabiology.,labteacher.IrememberthehorriblefeelingIhadwhenitcametimeformyclasstodissectanimals.The

lessonrequiredthatstudentscutopenandexaminedeadfrogs,fetalpigs,sparrows,andothercreatures.Ifeltpityfortheseanimals,whoprobablysuffered

beforebeingkilled.AndIknewtheirpaincouldhavebeenavoided.Ifstudentsandteacherssawhowtheseanimalstypicallyendupontheirdesks,Ibelie

vethatdissectionswouldsoonstop.”Hepointsouttherearemanyeffectivechoicesforlearninganimaldissectionandphysiology,including3-Dmodels,videos,and

computersoftware.HundredsofprogramsarefreethroughlendingserviceslikeTheScienceBank.Thesimulateddissectionscanberepeated,andtheprogramsprovidefeedbac

k.Severalstudieshaveshownthatcomputermodelsandotherchoicesteachstudentsjustaswellasorbetterthantraditionalanimaldisse

ction.I’mnotsurprisedthatnostaterequiresdissectiontograduatefromhighschool,andnocollegeoruniversitydemandsitaspartoftheadmissionsprocess.Infac

t,lawsin18U.S.statesandWashington,D.C.supportastudent’srighttouseotherchoices.However,dissectioncouldhavealegalp

laceineducationiftheanimalsdidnotsufferandwerenotintentionallykilled.Forexample,someschoolshavestudentsdissectanimalsthat“wereputtosleep”formedicalre

asonsandwhosebodiesweredonatedtoscience.27.WhichofthefollowingmayEvansagreewith?A.Modelsareaseffectiveasactualdi

ssections.B.Studentsareshortofchancestodissectanimals.C.Dissectinganimalshelpspeoplerespectcreatures.D.Studentsbenefitmuchmorewhenlearn

ingingroups.28.WhatdoweknowaboutBalcombe’sviewondissectinganimals?A.Itcausespaintoanimals.B.Itadvancesmedicineresearch.C.Itshouldbem

oreeducational.D.Itshouldbeputinschoolprograms.29.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thenatureofdissectio

n.B.Thenecessityofdissection.C.Theresultofdissectinganimals.D.Theresearchondissectedanimals.第二节(共5小题;每小题2

分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。KeepSightofDryEyeDoyoureyesfeeluncomfortableordry?Ifso,youmighthavedryeyesyn

drome(综合征).____30____Itcanaffecttheenjoymentofsocialactivitiesandyourabilitytofocusonyourstudies.Butsolutionsfordryeyesdoexist,soreadon.Inthep

ast,dryeyesyndromewasmainlyaconditionexperiencedbyolderadults,butitnowaffectsmanyyoungpeopleaswell.Dryeyeoftenresultsfromover

useofcomputersorsmartphones,whichcausestheusertoblink(眨眼)less.Sinceblinkinghelpskeepoureyeswet,alack(缺少)ofitca

nleadtodryeye.____31____Asaresult,thosewhospendalotoftimeindoorsareparticularlyatrisk.Finally,wearingamedicalmaskcancausedryeye,sincebreathin

gwithamaskoncanforceairoutthroughthetopofthemaskandintooureyes.____32____Thefirststeptowardpreventioniscleanliness.Whenyouwashyourface,cleanyoureyes

withamildsoap.Then,coveryoureyeswithawarm,wetcloth.Preventingdryeyealsomeansavoidingtirednessintheeyes,sot

akefrequentbreakswhenusingyourcomputer.Whileyou’reonacomputerbreak,focusonblinking,makingsurethatyoucloseyoureyesfullyoneachbli

nk.____33____Anotherwaytopreventdryeyeistodrinkmorewater.Forgoodoverallhealth,expertsadvisedrinking8to10glassesofwaterperday,whichwillincre

asetearproduction.Ifyousufferfromdryeyesyndrome,thesestepscangoalongwaytowardmakingyoureyesfeelbetter.How

ever,iftheproblemdoesn’tgoaway,thenit’stimetoseeadoctor.____34____A.Afterall,yourhealthisworthkeepinganeyeon.B.Blinkingcanhelpprotectthesurfaceofyou

reyes.C.Thishappenswhenyoudon’tproduceenoughtears.D.Air-conditioningandfansalsocontributetodryeye.E.Limitscreentimean

dtakebreaksfromstaringatscreens.F.Treatmentsfordryeyescanincludeeyeexercisesandeyedrops.G.Allittakesisafewlifestylechangestopreventand

treatdryeyesyndrome.第三部分(共三节，共47分)第一节选词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)A请用方框中的单词完成句子。strategydemandmajorrescueobviously35.Sugarisa______causeoftoothache.

36.Theboywasintearsand______veryupset.37.Thesesports______bothspeedandstrength.38.Theladywastryingto______her

sonfromthefire.39.Wemustdevelopa______todealwiththeproblem.B请用方框中的短语完成句子。addictedtoapplyforlookingforwardtoinruinstakecontrolof40.Mikeis__

____computergames.41.Aftertheearthquake,thewholecitywas______.42.Wearereally______seeingyouagain.43.Studentsareencouragedto______theirownlearn

ing.44.KateisplanningtogotoIcelandforholiday.Shewill______avisasoon.C请用方框中单词的正确形式完成句子。injurearrangeconfidentpowercreate45.Have

youmadeallyourtravel______?46.Twoplayersareoutoftheteambecauseof______.47.That______inventordesignedanewkindofmachine.48.IfeltIwasdoin

gwellandmy______begantogrow.49.Anathleteshouldhavea______bodyandastrongmind.第二节阅读表达(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Weareallface

dwithchallengesinourlives.Mostpeoplehaveahardtimeacceptinganddealingwiththem.Thetruthisthatyouwillhavetodealwithdifficultproblems

throughoutyourlife.Herearesometipsonhowtodealwitheverydaychallenges.1.Don’tcompareyourlifestylewithothers.Itisreallydifficultnottoc

ompareourselveswithothers;however,themoreoftenwedothat,themoredissatisfiedwewillfeel.Therewillbepeoplethatmayhaveaccomplishedmoreth

anyou.Thekeythingtorememberisthatyoucreateyourownstoryandsuccessinlife.2.Don’tblameothers.Manypeoplemakeahabitofb

lamingothersforalltheirproblems.Theyfailtotakefullresponsibilityforthedecisionstheyhavemadeinlife.Themoreyoublameothersforthechall

engesyouarefacedwith,themoreyouwillmakepeopledislikeyouandnotwanttobearoundyou.Thefirstthingyouwanttodowhenfacedwithapersonalchallengeisnottostartpo

intingfingersatothers.3.Acceptchangesinyourlife.Youwillhavetodealwithchangesinlifeallthetime.Manypeopledon’tlikechang

ebecauseitgetsthemoutsideoftheircomfortzone.Youmaybeunhappyorhappyatcertaintimes;however,youhavetorealizethatthosetwofeelingsw

illnotlastforever.Youhavetoalwaystrainyourmindtobeatpeacedespitetheemotionalstateyouareexperiencing.4.Don’tthinktoomuch.Whenyouthinktoomuchabou

taneventthathappened,youwillstarttojudgeeverythingandeveryone.Whenyouthinktoomuch,youwillhaveaveryhardtimeacceptingrealityandyouwillthi

nkthatsomethingisnotright.Thinkingtoomuchcanalsoleadyounottotakeactiononyourgoal.Thiscanmakeyoureallysadinthelongrun.Lifeisfullofitsups

anddowns.Withtherightmindsetandpractice,youwillbeabletoovercomethemeverytimeandgrowintheprocess!50.Whatisthekeythingtore

memberifyouwanttostopcomparingyourlifestylewithothers?______________________________________________________51.Whatwillh

appenifyoublameothersforthechallengesyouarefacedwith?______________________________________________________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthe

followingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.•Youwillfeelsadbecausethinkingtoomuchmakesyourefusetoacceptreality.__________________________

____________________________53.Whataretheotherwaystodealwithchallengesinyourlife?(Inabout40words)______________________________________

________________第三节(20分)54.假如你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件，表示他对自己的形象不满，因此感到十分烦恼。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.表示理解；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，

不计入总词数。提示词：形象、外貌lookDearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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