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2022-2023学年(下)期末学业质量联合调研抽测高二英语试题(分数:120分,时间:100分钟)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、
D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADonnaStricklandwasawardedthe2018NobelPrizeforphysicsjointlywithArthurAshkinandGérardMourou.It’sthef
irsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicists—pastandpresent—whoactuallyde
servetheprize.JocelynBellBurnellPerhapsthemostfamoussnub(冷落):then-studentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatC
ambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,however,wenttohermalesupervisor,AntonyHewish.Recentlyawardeda£2.3millionBrea
kthroughPrize,whichshegaveawaytohelpunder-representedstudents,shejokedtotheGuardian,“IfeelI’vedoneverywelloutofno
tgettingaNobelPrize.”LeneHauHauisbestknownforleadingtheresearchteamatHarvardUniversityin1999thatmanagedtoslowabeamoflight,beforemanagingtostop
itcompletelyin2001.OftentoppingNobelPrizepredictionlists,could2022beHau’syear?VeraRubinRubindiscovereddar
kmatterinthe1980s,openingupanewfieldofastronomy.Shediedin2016,withoutrecognitionfromthecommittee.Chien-ShiungWuWu’s“Wuexper
iment”helpeddisprovethe“lawofconservationofparity”.Herexperimentalworkwashelpfulbutneverhonoured,andinstead,hermalecolleagueswonthe1957N
obelPrizefortheirtheoreticalworkbehindthestudy.LiseMeitnerMeitnerledgroundbreaking(开创性的)workonthediscoveryofnuclearf
ission.However,thediscoverywasacknowledgedbythe1944NobelPrizeforchemistry,whichwaswonbyhermaleco-lead,OttoHahn.1.Whenwasthediscove
ryofradiopulsarsrecognisedbytheNobel?A.In1944.B.In1967.C.In1974.D.In1980.2.Whichwomanismostlikelytowin
aNobelPrizelateraccordingtothetext?A.LeneHau.B.VeraRubin.CDonnaStrickland.D.JocelynBellBurnell.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthefivefemales?A.Thefivefemal
escientistsdidgreatlyinchemistry.B.VeraRubinhadopenedupanewfieldingeometry.C.LiseMeitner’steacherwonaNoblePrizeforherwor
k.D.Alltheirfindingshaven’tbeenrecognisedbytheNobel.BIfhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars,wewouldgoindarknesshappily
,themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal(夜间活动的)speciesonthisplanet.Instead,wearediurnalcreature
s,witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun’slight.Thisisabasicevolutionaryfact,eventhoughmostofusdon’tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit’st
heonlywaytoexplainwhatwe’vedonetothenight:We’veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.Thebenefitsofthiskindofengineeringcomewithconsequences--
calledlightpollution--whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresulto
fbadlightingdesign,whichallowsartificiallighttoshineoutwardandupwardintothesky.Ill-designedlightingwashesoutthedarkn
essofnightandcompletelychangesthelightlevels--andlightrhythms--towhichmanyformsoflife,includingourselves,haveadapte
d.Whereverhumanlightspillsintothenaturalworld,someaspectoflifeisaffected.Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars,le
avingbehindavacanthaze(霾)thatmirrorsourfearofthedark.We’vegrownsousedtothisorangehazethattheoriginalgloryofanunlitnight--d
arkenoughfortheplanetVenustothrowshadowsonEarth--iswhollybeyondourexperience,beyondmemory.almost.We’velitupth
enightasifitwereanunoccupiedcountry,whennothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Amongmammalsalone,thenumbe
rofnocturnalspeciesisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce,andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnet(磁铁).Theeffecti
ssopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing“captured”bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoilplatforms.Migr
atingatnight,birdstendtocollidewithbrightlylittallbuildings.Frogslivingnearbrightlylithighwayssuffernocturnallightlevelsthatareasmuchasamilliont
imesbrighterthannormal,throwingnearlyeveryaspectoftheirbehavioroutofjoint,includingtheirnighttimebreedingchoruses.Humansa
renolesstrappedbylightpollutionthanthefrogs.Likemostothercreatures,wedoneeddarkness.Darknessisasessentialtoourbiologicalwelfare,toourinte
rnalclockwork,aslightitself.Livinginaglareofourownmaking,wehavecutourselvesofffromourevolutionaryandculturalheri
tage-thelightofthestarsandtherhythmsofdayandnight.Inaveryrealsense,lightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforgett
hescaleofourbeing,whichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay--theedgeofourgalax
y--archingoverhead.4.Accordingtothepassage,humanbeings________.A.prefertoliveinthedarknessB.areusedtolivinginthedayl
ightC.werecuriousaboutthemidnightworldD.hadtostayathomewiththelightofthemoon5.Thewritermentionsbirdsandfrogsto________.A.provideexamplesofanimalpro
tectionB.showhowlightpollutionaffectsanimalsC.comparethelivinghabitsofbothspeciesD.explainwhythenumberofcertainspeci
eshasdeclined6.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat________.A.lightpollutiondoesharmtotheeyesightofanimalsB.lightpollutionhas
destroyedsomeoftheworldheritagesC.humanbeingscannotgototheouterspaceD.humanbeingsshouldreflectontheirpositionintheuniverse7.Whatmightbethe
besttitleforthepassage?A.TheMagicLightB.TheOrangeHazeC.TheDisappearingNightD.TheRhythmsofNatureCInthisdigitalag
e,peoplemeasuretheirpopularitybythenumberof“likes”andfollowerstheygetonsocialmedia.Butasitturnsout,peoplearehappierwhentheirfriendsareofhig
hqualityratherthanhugequantity.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofLeedsintheUKstudieddatafromtwoonlinesurveysofnearly1,5
00people.Thosewhotookthesurveygavedetailsabouttheirage,socialinteractions,andhowsatisfiedtheywerewiththeirsociallives.Theresea
rchersfoundthatthosewhohadasmallnumberofclosefriendsgenerallytendedtobehappierthanthosewhohadalargenumberofsuperficial(关系浅表的)friends.“Lonelinesshasl
esstodowiththenumberoffriendsyouhave,andmoretodowithhowyoufeelaboutyourfriends,”saidBruinedeBruin,oneoft
heresearchers.Hefoundthatolderpeopletendedtohavesmallersocialcirclesthanyoungpeople,butthepeopleinthesecirclestendedto
beclosertothem.Healsofoundthatyoungerpeopletendedtohavelargersocialcirclesthatweremadeupof“peripheral(次要的)others”—
peoplewhoarenottheirtruefriends,butjusttheonestheyknow.Thesepeoplehadnoinfluenceontheirhappiness.Theresultsofthestudy
showthattheopinionsocietyhasaboutoldpeoplebeingsadandlonelymightnotbeaccurate.“Theresearchshowsthatolderadults’smallernetworksdon’tdecre
asetheirsocialsatisfactionandhappiness.Infact,olderadultstendtoreportabettersenseofwell-beingthanyoungeradults,”saidBruinedeBruin.8.
Accordingtothestudy,peopletendtobehappierwhenthey______.A.havefriendsofhugequantityB.haveasmallcircleofclosefrie
ndsChavealotoffollowersonsocialmediaD.makefriendswitholderpeople9.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph4?A.Olderpeople’sfriendsseemtobeofhigher
quality.B.Youngerpeopledon’tneedtomakeperipheralfriends.C.Olderpeople’shappinesshasnothingtodowiththeirfriends.D.Both
olderandyoungerpeoplefindithardtomakeclosefriends.10.WhichwordmightBruinedeBruinusetodescribeolderadults?A.Sad.B.
Happy.C.Lonely.D.Concerned11.Whatisthefocusofthisarticle?A.Differenttypesoffriendsinone’slife..B.Chang
esinpeople’shappinesslevels.CInteractionsbetweenolderandyoungerpeople.D.Therelationshipbetweenhappinessandthequalityandquantityoff
riends.DFromcomposer,musician,andphilanthropist(慈善家)PeterBuffettcomes,awarm,wise,andinspirational,bookthatasks,
“Whichwinyouchoose:thepathofleastresistanceorthepathofpotentiallygreatestsailsfaction?”Youmaythinkthatwithalastnamelikeh
is,Buffetthasenjoyedalifeofendlessprivilege.ButthesonofbillionaireinvestorWarrenBuffettsaysthattheonlyreal
inheritancehandeddownfromhisparentsisaphilosophy:Buildyourownpathinlife.Itisaprinciplethathasallowedhimtofollowhisownpassions,establishhisownidentity
,andreaphisownsuccesses.InLifeIsWhatYouMakeIt.Buffettexpoundson(阐释)thestrongsetofvaluesgiventohimbyhistrustinga
ndbroadmindedmother,hishardworkingandtalentedfather,andthemanylifeteachershehasmetalongtheway.Today’ssociety
,Buffettassumes,hasbeguntoreplaceaworkethic,enjoyingwhatyoudo,withawealthethic,honoringthepayoffinsteadoftheprocess.Weconfuseprivilegewi
thmaterialwealth,characterwithexternalvalidation(认可).Yet,byfocusingmoreonsubstanceandlessonreward,wecanopendo
orsofopportunityandstrivetowardagreatersenseoffulfillment.Inclearandbriefterms,Buffettrevealsagreattruth:Lifeisrandom,neit
herfairnorunfair.Fromthereitbecomeseasytorecognizetheequaldignityandvalueofeveryhumanlifeourcircumstancesmayvarybutouressencedoesnot.
Weseethatourjourneyinliferarelyfollowsastraightlinebutisoftenmetwithfalsestarts,crises,andmistakes.Howwepushthroughandpersev
ereinthesechallengingmomentsiswherewebegintocreatethelifeOfourdreams—fromdiscoveringourvocationstogivingbacktoothers.Personalandinstruct
ive,LifeIsWhatYouMakeItisaboutchallengingyourcircumstances,takingcontrolofyourdestiny,andlivingyourlifetothefullest.12.Whatisthepur
poseofthepassage?A.Todescribeafamousperson.B.Tointroduceabook.C.Totalkaboutwhatlifeisabout.D.Todiscusshowtoliveameaningfullife.13.Whatcanwei
nferaboutPeterBuffett?A.Hisfatherisveryrich..B.Oneofhishobbiesismusic.C.Heachievedsuccessbyhimself.D.HewrotethebookLifeIsWhatYouMakeIt.14.Whatistoday
’ssocietylikeaccordingtoPeterBuffett?A.Peoplearefollowingtheirinterests.B.Peopleareseekingspiritualenjoyment.CPeoplepaymoreattentiontothep
rocess.D.Peoplefocusmoreontheresults.15.Whichproverbcanbestexpressthemainideaofthefifthparagraph?A.Livingwit
houtan,aimislikesailingwithoutacompass.B.Lifeisfullofupsanddowns.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Lifeisn’taboutgettingan
dhaving,it’saboutgivingandbeing.第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheUpsidetoBeingOutsideResearchshowsthatb
einginnaturemakespeoplefeelgood,whetherthey’reroughingitinthewildernessfordaysorjusthangingoutatalocalparkforaw
hile.OnestudywasconductedinthecityofBirmingham,Alabama.Researchersfoundthatmostparticipants’moodandwell-beingimpro
vedsignificantlywhentheyspenttimeinurbanparks,eventhoughtheaveragevisitwasonlyaroundhalfanhour.____16____Forexample,scientist
sintheUnitedKingdomstudiedtheimpactofthe“30DaysWild”campaign.Itchallengedpeopletointeractwithnaturefor30daysbyenjoyinge
arthyactivitieslikefeedingbirdsandplantingflowers.Participantsweremeasurablyhappierandhealthierthroughoutthechallenge…andformonthsafterward
s,too.____17____Howdoesnatureboostpeople’shappiness?Scientistssaythatspendingtimeinnaturalsettingsreducesstressa
ndanxiety,whichbenefitsmentalandphysicalhealth.Researchshowsourbrainsaremorerelaxedinnaturalsettings.Tomostpeople,
it’snotnewsthatnaturecanbecalming.Butmultiplestudieshavefoundthatspendingtimeinnaturealsohassomemoresur
prisingbenefits,likeimprovingcreativityandproblem-solving._____18_____.Anotherfoundthatexposuretonaturehelpedpeoplescorebetterontests.T
hat’smoreproofthatgoingoutsideisasmartmove!Whataccountsfortheconnectionwithcognitionandcreativity?Itcouldbetha
tagooddoseofnatureactsasacuretoinformationoverload.Everydaylifeinvolvesalotofmultitasking.Somescientiststheorize
thatspendingtimeinnatureenablesourbrainstorestandrecoverfrommentaltiredness.____19____Naturally,scientificstudiesdon’tcover
everythingthat’sgreataboutthegreatoutdoors._____20_____Fromrecreationandexercisetohappinessandcreativity,therearelotsofupsidestogettingoutside.
A.Onestudyrevealedthatpeoplewerebetteratfiguringoutpuzzlesafterafour-daycampingtrip.B.Accordingtomanyscientificstudies,there’sag
oodchanceit’llmakeyouhappier,healthier,andmorecreative.C.What’smore,theliftpeoplegetfromnatureislonglasting.D.
Lotsofpeopleenjoyfunactivitiesoutside,likeswimming,ridingbikes,orclimbingtrees.E.Whentheonlylightyou’veseenalldayisth
eglowofascreen,itmightbeagoodideatoswitchitoff.F.Thismeansthatwhetheryou’restudyingorplayingvideogames,headingoutsidetogiveyourbrainabr
eakmighthelpyougettothenextlevel.G.So,kickingbackinaparkisabitliketreatingyourmindtoarestfulminivacation.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分
)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’macollegeprofessorteachingpeoplehowtothinkmorecreatively.I
nterestingly,thislifetimepassionwas____21____byacasualcontestwhenIwasachild.Atafamilypicnicforemployeesofthecompanywheremyfatherw
orked,theyheldacontestforthechildren-whocouldthrowaclothhandkerchiefthefarthest.Thefirst____22____,thelittleones
,tookmightywind-ups(挥臂动作),butwhentheclothlefttheirhands,itopenedandflewtothegroundafew____23____infron
tofthem.Thecrowdroaredwithlaughter,andbeing13,Ididn’tlikeadultslaughingatus.Itwas____24____thatusingthesamete
chniquewouldnotwork.SupposeI____25____arockinsidethehandkerchief?No,itwas“throwahandkerchief”,not“arockandahandkerchief”.Whentheyinspectedi
t,I’dbe____26____SupposeIhidarockintheclothwithouttyingit.Therockwoulddrivetheclothatleastfartherthantheothers,andwhenthey____27____,
peoplemightnotnoticeasmallrocklandinginthegrass.Ihadagood____28____ofgettingawaywithit(侥幸逃脱).However,Ididn’twanttowinbycheatingbutto
showtheadultsthata(n)____29____couldbeatothersattheirowngame.Ihadtomakethehandkerchiefflylikearock.I_
___30____begantyingknotafterknotuntilitwasthesizeofalargerock.Itookalongwind-upandthrewthe____31____handkerchiefwhichlanded60feetaway.
Thelaughing____32____andeveryonewasdumbfounded.The____33____thenrantofetchittoexaminehowI’dcheated.”It’sjustthehandkerchief,“he__
__34____,holdingitupanduntyingtheknots.TheadultsapplaudedkindlyandIfeltproud.Ihadn’tbrokentherules,butIhadbrokenthe____35____ideas
,whichwasthesecrettocreativethinking.21.A.awakenB.createdC.enhancedD.spread22.A.studentsB.throwersC.runnersD.tutors23.A.kilometers
B.metersC.inchesD.miles24.A.impossibleB.essentialC.unclearD.obvious25.A.tiedB.castC.hidD.drew26.A.includedB.unemployedC.disqualifiedD.invo
lved27.A.separatedB.disappearedC.combinedD.sank28.A.timeB.reasonC.chanceD.excuse29.A.babyB.kidC.geniusD.adult30.A.casuallyB.im
mediatelyC.secretlyD.eventually31.A.arrowedB.balledC.lightD.soft32.A.diedB.roseC.declinedD.doubled33.A.lo
serB.judgeC.winnerD.audience34.A.respondedB.protestedC.admittedD.announced35.A.criticalB.modernC.innovativeD.conventional第二节(共10小题:每小题1.
5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Archaeological(考古的)____36____(discover)ofChangshawares(陶器)haveoccur
redrandomlyoverthedecades,andkeyfindingsofkiln(窑)ruins____37____(make)particularlysince2010.TherewerenotonlyTangDynastyCh
angshawares____38____(unearth),butalsosomeceladons(青瓷)fromaneven____39____(early)period.They’rekeywitnesses___
_40____theSilkRoadontheseaandSino-foreignexchangesofmaterialculture.ArchaeologicalfindingsshowthatChan
gshawareswereexportedtoabout30countries,____41____(range)fromEastandSoutheastAsianneighborstoNorthAfrica.Craf
tsmenandworkshopownersinChangshaparticipatedinawaveofglobalization____42____activelyexploredoverseasmarkets.____43____(consequent),shape
sofChangshawareswerealsoinfluencedbyforeignelements.Seeingtheantiques,wecanalsounderstand____44____public
aesthetics(审美)oftheirtime.Theytell_____45_____wasviewedastraditionalChinesebeauty.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.为增强学生体
质,你校将在下周举办一次“LoveSports,LoveLife”的体育活动。假定你是学生会主席李华,请你用英文写一篇倡议信,呼吁同学们积极进行体育锻炼。内容要点包括:1.活动的目的;2.进行体育运动益处;3.提出倡议,表达期待。注意:1.词数10
0左右;2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。Dearfriends,___________________________________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withbestwishes.TheStudents’Union第
二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。“I’mgoingtomissyousomuch,Poppy,”saidthetall,thinteenager.Hebentdowntohughisoldfri
endgoodbye.Hestoodup,huggedhisparents,andsmiled,tryingnottolethisemotions(情绪)getthebetterofhim.Hisparentswerenotquiteabletokeeptheirs
undercontrol.Theyhaddriventheirsonseveralhoursoutoftowntotheuniversitywherehewouldsoonbelivingandstudying.Itwastimetosaygoodbyefornowatleast.Thefamil
yhuggedandsmiledthroughmistyeyesandthenlaughed.Theboyliftedthelastbagontohisshoulder,andflashedabrightsmile.“Iguessthisisit,”hesaid.“I’llseeyouba
ckhomeinamonth,okay?”Hisparentsnodded,andtheywatchedashewalkedoutofsightintothecrowdsofhundredsofstudentsandparents.Theboy’s
motherturnedtothedog,“Okay,Poppy,timetogobackhome.”Thehouseseemedquietasatombwithouttheboylivingthere.Allthatweek,Poppydidn’tseemint
erestedin的herdinner,herfavoritetoy,oreveninherdailywalk.Herownersweresadtoo,buttheyknewtheirsonwouldbebacktovisit.Pop
pydidn’t.Theyofferedthedogsomeofherfavoritepeanutbuttertreats.Theyevenlethersitonthesofa,buttheoldgirljustwasn’therusualcheerfulself.Herow
nersstartedtogetworried.“WhatshouldwedotocheerPoppyup?”askedDad.“We’vetriedeverything.”“Ihaveanidea,butitmightbealittlecrazy,”smiledMom.“Without
anybodyleftinthehousebutus,thisplacecoulduseabitoffun.Let’sgetalittledogforPoppy.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforetheyw
alkedthroughthefrontdoorcarryingabigbox.Poppywelcomedthemhomeasusualbutwhenshesawthebox,shestopped.Sheputhernoseonit.Hertailbeganwagging(
摆动)eversoslowly,thenfasterasshecaughtthesmell.注意:1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右;2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已经为你写好。Paragraph1Dad
openedtheboxandasweetlittledogappeared.______________________________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2Afewweeks
later,theboyarrivedhomefromuniversity.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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