【文档说明】【精准解析】山东省济南市章丘区第四中学2021届高三上学期第一次教学质量检测（8月）英语试卷.doc，共(22)页，135.500 KB，由管理员店铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.doc5u.com/view-b05546cf4a1681143d2f2af459455098.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

英语科试题卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。第Ⅰ卷1至6页，第Ⅱ卷7至8页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题卡上，否则无效。第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2

．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C

三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whowontheracethisyear?A.Mark.B.Ron.C.Ken.2.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Hewant

smoremoney.B.Hewantstoleaveearlier.C.Hewantstostopwalkingtoschool.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthemall.B.Atthem

useum.C.Onthestreet.4.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Theweather.B.Aschool.C.Roads.5.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Ridethebicycle.B.Catchthebus.C.

Drivethecar.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的

作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howoldwasthewomanwhentheyplayedthegamelasttime?A.6.B.11.C.21.7.Whichballwasworththele

astpoints?A.TheredoneB.Thegreenone.C.Theblueone.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whichfloorarethespeakerson?A.Thefirst.B.Thesecond.C.Thethird.9.Wha

tistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Familymembers.C.Friends.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheman?A.Anewswriter.B.Abusinessowner.C.Ate

acher.11.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?A.Calltheguests.B.Reservetherestaurant.C.Pickupthedecorations.12.Howisthewomanreactingtowardsthem

an?A.Annoyed.B.Confused.C.Comforting.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydidn’tthewomanlikethescene?A.Ananimaldied.B.Shehadtoomanyquestions.C.Themaincharactercou

ldn’tsavethetown.14.Howdidthemanfeelbytheendofthefilm?A.Scared.B.Sad.C.Content.15.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydoathome?A.Go

tosleeprightaway.B.Eatsomepopcorn.C.Watchtelevision.16.Wherewillthewomangofirst?A.Thebathroom.B.Theparkinglot.

C.Thefronthall.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatsuggestionisgivento“reduce”?A.Usingelectricproducts.B.Usingfewer

plasticbags.C.Ridingyourbiketowork.18.Howareplasticbottleswastedaccordingtothetalk?A.Peoplethrowawayabout700plasticbottle

sperhour.B.Apersonthrowsawayabout7poundsofplasticbottlesperday.C.Americansthrowawayabout60millionplasticbottlesperday.19.Whichcolorcanisusedforfo

odleftovers?A.Blue.B.Green.C.White.20.Howcanpeopleordernewrecyclingcontainers?A.Byphone.B.Throughthe

mail.C.Onthewebsite.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AClarapackedherthingsatth

ePatentOfficeandwenttoherboss.“It’sbeenapleasureworkingwithyou,butI’mquittingmyjob.”Sheturnedandleft.“Whatareyoudoinghomesoearly?”askedhers

isterSally.“TheCivilWaristakingitstollontheUnionsoldiers.Ineedtohelpthem.”Sallychewedherlipsandlookedaroundtheroom.“I’mgoin

gwithyou.”ThetwovolunteeredattheWashingtonHospital.Afterseveralmonths,Clarabecameunsettled.“Sally,th

isisn’tenough.Ineedtohelpthesoldiersinthefieldandonthefrontlines.I’mleavinginthemorning.”Sally’sbrowsrose

intoherforehead.“Clara!Youcan’t.It’stoodangerous.”“Thefrontlinesoldierswhoneedhelpareingreaterdanger.”Claragotdonation

swhereshecouldandusedherownsavingstobuysupplies.Shetraveledfrombattletobattlewiththreearmywagons.Shealsoorgani

zedmentogivefirstaid,carrywater,andpreparefoodforthewounded.Aftermanymonthsofbattlefieldafterbattlefield,ClaratoldherfriendRachel.“Ifinallyrecei

vedofficialpermissiontobringsuppliestobattlefields.ThewoundedsoldiersaresoappreciativeofallIdo,they’venamedmethe“Angelofthe

Battlefield.”“That’swonderful,”saidRachel.“Youcertainlydeservetherecognition.You’reoneofthebravestwomenIkn

ow.”AftertheCivilWarended,ClarawenttoEuropetorestherbodyandmind.Somanyyearsofhelpingsoldiersandtheirfamilieshadwornherdow

n.WhilevisitingSwitzerland,ClaralearnedoftheInternationalRedCross.ItsmissiontohelpwarvictimsaroundtheworldarousedClara’sinterestandexcitement.It

alsosparkedanidea.WhenshereturnedhomeClaraworkedtoestablishanAmericanRedCross.SheevenmetwithPresidentHayestodiscussit.Finally,onMay21,1881,th

eAmericanRedCrosswasformed.Amonthlater,Clarawaselectedpresidentoftheorganization.1.WheredidClarafirstvolunteertohelptheUnionsoldiers?A.Switzerl

and.B.ThePatentOffice.C.Thefrontlines.D.TheWashingtonHospital.2.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesClara’scharacter?A.Fearlessan

ddevoted.B.Generousandenergetic.C.Humorousandbrave.D.Considerateandconfident.3.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThesufferingbroughtbytheCiv

ilWar.B.ThedevelopmentoftheAmericanRedCross.C.Women’scontributionstotheAmericanpeace.D.Agreatwomanwhointrodu

cedRedCrossintoUSA.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了ClaraBarton是一名勇敢的女性，她在内战时帮助受伤的士兵，最后还建立了美国红十字会。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中ThetwovolunteeredattheWashin

gtonHospital.可知两人在华盛顿医院做志愿者。由此可知，Clara一开始在WashingtonHospital帮助北方军的。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段Sally’sbrowsroseintoherforehead.“Clara!Youcan’t.It’sto

odangerous.”(Sally皱起了眉头。“Clara!你不能去。太危险了。”)和第七段“Thefrontlinesoldierswhoneedhelpareingreaterdanger.”(“需要帮助的前线士兵处境更危险。”)由此可推

知Clara不顾危险，要前往前线帮助士兵，说明她是个无畏的人；以及第八段Claragotdonationswhereshecouldandusedherownsavingstobuysupplies.Shetraveledfro

mbattletobattlewiththreearmywagons.Shealsoorganizedmentogivefirstaid,carrywater,andpreparefoodforthewounded.可知Clara在力所能及的地方募集捐款，并用自己的积蓄

购买用品。她带着三辆军用马车从一个战场赶到另一个战场。她还组织了一些人给伤者进行急救、挑水和准备食物。由此可推知，Clara是个有奉献精神的人。综上，故选A。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段Whenshereturnedhome

,ClaraworkedtoestablishanAmericanRedCross.SheevenmetwithPresidentHayestodiscussit.Finally,onMay21,1881,theAmericanRedCrosswasformed

.Amonthlater,Clarawaselectedpresidentoftheorganization.可知回到家后，Clara努力建立了一个美国红十字会。她甚至会见了Hayes总统讨论这个问题。最终，在18

81年5月21日，美国红十字会成立。一个月后，Clara被选为该组织的主席。结合本文主要讲了Clara勇敢地帮助受伤的士兵，最后建立了美国红十字会。由此可知，这篇文章的主要内容是一位把红十字会引入美国的伟大妇女。故选D。BTinya

stheyare,batshavetheabilityto“see”inthedarkbyusingaspecialskillcalledecholocation(回声定位法).Theymakenoisesandwai

tforsoundwaves,oranecho,tobouncebackoffobjects.Theycantellthedistanceofvariousobjectsbyhowquicklythesoundwavesbouncebackoffthem.Ifno

soundbouncesback,theycanthenflyforward.Thisspecialabilityhasbeencopiedinthehumanworldforalongtime,suchasinsubmarine

sandplanes.Butapartfromhelpingvehicles“see”wheretheyare,whatifblindpeoplecoulduseecholocationforthemselves?AmericanDanielKish,whoisblind,iskn

ownas“Batman”.Thisisn’tbecausehewalksaroundinacape(披风)andamask,butbecausehehasabat-likeabilitytolocatewhereheisthroughsharpclickshe

makesbymovinghistongueagainsttheroofofhismouth.Kishissoskilledatecholocatingthathecanrideabikeandhikeon

hisown.Recently,aresearchcarriedoutattheUniversityofDurhaminEnglandshedsomelightonthepowerofhumanecholocation.Kish,aswellasothervolunteers,work

edwithagroupofscientistswhostudiedthewayblindpeoplelistentotheechoesthattheyproducefromclicks.Theteamfoundthatpeoplewerecapableofhearingevenveryfain

techoes,onesfarfainterthanhadbeenpreviouslythought.LoreThaler,leadscientistofthegroup,said,“Wefoundthatin

someconditions,theywerereallyfaint—about95percentsofterthantheactualclicks,buttheecholocatorswerestillable

tosensethis.”AndrewKolarik,anotherexpertinecholocation,toldBBCNewsthatecholocation“canbeveryusefulatprovidingi

nformationatfaceorchestheight”andcouldhelppeople“avoidobjectslikelowhangingbranchesthatmightnotgetdetectedbythecaneoraguidedog”Accordin

gtoBBCNews,echolocationisaskillblindpeoplecanacquireanddevelop,justlikelearningalanguage.AsKolariksaid,“Teachingecholocationskillscouldprovidebl

indpeoplewiththemeansofexploringnewplaces.”4.Whatdoes“thisspecialability”inParagraph2referto?A.Theabilitytomakenoisesinthedark.B.Theabili

tytobouncebackoffobjects.C.Theabilitytomeasurethedistancequickly.D.Theabilitytousesoundwavestoecholocate.5.WhatdoweknowaboutDani

elKishfromthetext?A.Heisfondofridingabikeandhikingalone.B.Heiscalled“Batman”becausehelookslikeabat.C.Heisabletohearechoesheproducesfromclicks.D

.Heconductedtheexperimenttocirculateecholocation.6.WhatisKolarik’sattitudetowardsthefutureuseofecholocat

ioninblindpeople?A.Hopeful.B.Ambiguous.C.Tolerant.D.Doubtful.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.EcholocationinHum

anWorldB.FindingNewWayto“See”C.AVerySpecialBatmanD.ABreakthroughinEchoing【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蝙蝠的回声定位法被人类。研究人员发现人类

也有回声定位能力，而且比我们想象的更好，人类的这种能力可以为盲人服务，科学家对盲人使用回声定位进行了研究。【4题详解】词义猜测题。本题需要我们判断画线短语的意思，通过Thisspecialability中的this可推断出这种特殊的能力应该在上文提到过。根据第一段中的“Tin

yastheyare,batshavetheabilityto“see”inthedarkbyusingaspecialskillcalledecholocation(回声定位法).”可知，尽管蝙蝠很小，但它们

有能力在黑暗中“看”到东西，他们使用一种叫做回声定位的特殊技能。可知，回声定位法指的是利用声波或回声进行定位的能力。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“hehasabat-likeabilitytolocatewhe

reheisthroughsharpclickshemakesbymovinghistongueagainsttheroofofhismouth.”可知，他有一种蝙蝠般的能力，通过移动舌头抵住嘴顶发出的尖锐咔嚓声来定位

自己所在的位置。所以DanielKish可以通过听到他发出的尖锐的咔嚓声所产生的回声来定位自己所在的位置。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的AsKolariksaid,“Teachingecholocationskillscouldpro

videblindpeoplewiththemeansofexploringnewplaces.”可知，Kolarik认为回声定位技术能够为盲人提供探索新地方的手段，从他的话中可推断出他对回声定位技术在盲人中

的应用前景是充满希望的。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。浏览全文，文章第一段介绍了蝙蝠的回声定位法原理，其余段落介绍的是这种方法能给盲人带来帮助。根据文章中DanielKish的例子可知，回声定位法可以帮助他定位自己所在的位置，再根据文章最后一段关键句Teachingecholocation

skillscouldprovideblindpeoplewiththemeansofexploringnewplaces.可知，回声定位技术能够为盲人判断自己的位置提供帮助。故可推断出文章主要讲的是我们在寻找一种让盲人能够“看见”的新的方式。所以短文的最佳标

题为“寻找新的“看见”的方式”。故选B项。【点睛】推理判断题的解题方法：1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断；2.根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断；3.根据作者的意图和态度进行推断。例如本篇文章中的第三小题，要求判断Kolarik对未来回声定位技术在盲人中的应用是什么态

度。我们可以通过人物的语言进行推断。根据文章最后一段中的AsKolariksaid,“Teachingecholocationskillscouldprovideblindpeoplewiththemeanso

fexploringnewplaces.”可知，Kolarik认为回声定位技术能够为盲人提供探索新地方的手段，从他的话中可推断出他对回声定位技术在盲人中的应用前景是充满希望的。故选A项。COnsomelevel,officesexisttoinspirein-pe

rsoncollaboration.Butmanyofthebasictechnologiesthatemployeesnowusedtoworktogetheroftenencouragethemtoworkvirtuallyindepe

ndentofoneanother.“Theyweartheirheadphones—headphonesarethenewwalls—tosignaltheyareinvolvedinhigh-concentrationworkandnotavailablef

orchat,”saysStoweBoyd,asocialcriticwhoseresearchfocusesonthefutureofwork.Suchbehaviorisindicativeofawiderworkplacetrend.Asoffice-communicatio

ntechnologieshavebecomemoreadvanced,moreandmoreemployeesareavoidingdirectinteractionwiththeirco-workers.Expertssaythisisashiftthatislikely

tocontinue.Emergingtechnologiesevensuggestsafuture—perhapsdecadesaway,butmaybesooner—inwhichofficesarepopulat

edbyemployeeswhoengageinvirtuallynowork-focused,face-to-facecontactwhatsoever.Itisn’ttosayco-workerswon’tconnect.Evenasemployeesmakethetransi

tionto“individual”work,theymaybegintocommunicateinnewwaysthatareasengagingasreal-lifeinteractions.Virt

ualreality,forexample,could“hold3-Dmeetingsaroundadigitalmeetingtablewhereemployeesarenotphysicallyin"saysMartin

Ford,anauthorwhostudiesartificialintelligenceandrobots,amongotherthings.What’stheupsideofachat-freefut

ure,inwhichcolleaguesworktogetherinclosephysicalspacebutneverneedtotalkperson-to-person?Forone,itmaymakeworkexperiencesmoreefficientbysto

ppinggossipydistractionsthatcangetinthewayofseriousaffairs.Italsomaysafeguardemployeesfromphysicaldisturba

nce,agrowingworkplaceconcern,saysJamaisCascio,anauthorandfuturist.Buttherearepossibleproblems.Virtualenvironmentshavethepotentialto

reducesocialinhibitions(抑制),whichcouldleadtoconflicts.It’salsopossiblethattechnologywillcreateamoreimpersonalatmosphere.Withoutthewatercooler-styl

echatthatcanmakeworklifemorevibrant—researchsuggestsinformalofficejokescanboostproductivity—officerelationshipscouldstarttoresembletheinteracti

onswehavewithstrangersinpublicspaces.Eventually,someexpertsbelieve,withtechnologiesmakingtheirwayintooffices,humansmayrem

ovethemselvesfromtheworkplacealtogether,thoughnotinthesensethattheywillbereplacedbyrobots,asmanyhavepredi

cted.8.AccordingtoStoweBoyd,whatcanbewidelyseeninworkplaces?A.Technologiesareusedasabarrieragainstcasualchat.B.Directioninte

ractionsareresistedbutcannotbeavoided.C.In-personcollaborationisthebestwaytopromoteefficiency.D.Face-to-facecontac

tistheguaranteeofhigh-concentrationwork.9.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A.Coworkersprefertokeepcloselyconnected.B.Employeesengageindev

elopingfar-awayrelationships.C.Technologiesallowfornewformsofoffice-communication.D.3-Dmeetingshavecompletelyreplacedreal-lifeint

eractions.10.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toforecastanewworkplacetrendcausedbytechnologies.B.Toencourageemployeestomake

betteruseoftechnologies.C.Tostresstheimportanceofcombiningworkandtechnologies.D.Tointroducetheeffectso

ftechnologiesonhowemployeesinteract.【答案】8.A9.C10.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述办公室引进先进的技术，原本为了促进员工更好地合作，而实际上员工们却用作隔绝闲聊的遮挡物。新技术的引进，改变了办公室成员互动的模

式，办公场所将逐渐失去它原本所具有的功能。隔绝了办公室闲聊的工作模式有利有弊，但科学家预言，随着人工智能等新科学技术的发展，尽管人类的工作岗位不会为之取代，但办公场所的意义将发生很大的变化，今后人类办公可能不再需要统一的办公场所。【8题详解】推理判断题。分析前三段的逻辑关系可知，“Such

behaviorisindicativeofawiderworkplacetrend.”指的是StoweBoyd提及的“Theyweartheirheadphones—headphonesarethenewwalls—tosignaltheyareinvolv

edinhigh-concentrationworkandnotavailableforchat(他们戴着耳机——耳机是新的墙壁——发出信号，他们参与高浓度的工作，不能聊天)”，也就是第一段提到的现象“manyofthebasictechnologiesthatem

ployeesnowusedtoworktogetheroftenencouragethemtoworkvirtuallyindependentofoneanother(现在许多员工使用的共同工作的基本技术往往鼓励他们几乎相互独立地

工作)，由此可以推断出A选项正确，员工们用新技术来隔绝闲聊，避免直接交流。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题，第四段主题句是“Itisn’ttosayco-workerswon’tconnect.(这不是说同事不会联系)”，然后阐述了办公室员工如何利用科学技术进行全新的交流模式，

还以“virtualreality”举例证明。由此判断出，科技使办公室通讯的新形式成为可能。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。本文讲述办公室引进先进的技术，原本为了促进员工更好地合作，而实际上员工们却

用作隔绝闲聊的遮挡物。新技术的引进，改变了办公室成员互动的模式，办公场所将逐渐失去它原本所具有的功能。隔绝了办公室闲聊的工作模式有利有弊，但科学家预言，随着人工智能等新科学技术的发展，尽管人类的工作岗位不会为之取代，但办公场所的意义将发生很大的变化，今后人类办公

可能不再需要统一的办公场所。由此判断出，短文的目的是介绍技术对员工互动的影响。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We’veallheardthephrase,“Worksmarte

r,notharder.”Whenitcomestostudying,therearesomeveryspecificwaysyoucanimproveyoureffectivenesswithoutaddingload

sofextrawork.Createagameplan.Beforeyoubeginyourstudysession,createagameplanforexactlyhowyouwillstudy.Considerwhatyouw

illstudy,howlongyou’llspendoneachsubjectandwhatstudymethodsyouwilluse.___11___Takeatleast10minutesbeforeyourstudysessiontomapoutyourg

ameplan.Outlineyournotes.Takingthetimetoboilyournotesdowntoastandardoutlinecanhelpyougrasptheoverallconceptsyou’restudying.Youcertain

lycanborroworcopysomeoneelse’snotes,butyoumustworkhardtoputeverythinginyourownwords.___12___Manytimes,understandingthebigpicture

isjustasimportantasrememberingalltheindividualfacts.Outliningallowsyoutofileindividualfactsunderlargerideas.Maintainbalance.B

alancecanbedifficulttomaintaininschoolbutit’scrucialforsuccess.___13___Seektocarryoutabalancedlife.Makesuretomaintainasociallifeanddevelop

hobbiesoutsideofschool.Stayintouchwithyourfamilyandkeeptheminformedofyourschoolprogress.It’scertainlyachallenge,butlivinginbalancewi

llkeepyouonthepathtosuccess.___14___Ifyouwanttodowellinschool,yousimplyhavetodoit.Buttherearespecificwayst

ostudybetter.Tomakethemostofyourlimitedtime.___15___Byfollowingthemethodsabove,youcanraisethequalityofyourstudyingsessionswithoutnecessarilyi

ncreasingthequantity.A.Tokeepfromspinningyourwheels.B.There’snowaytogetaroundstudying.C.Writeoutyourn

otesbyhandduringclass.D.Ifyoudon’t,you’llfailtounderstandthelargerconcept.EThisallowsyoutostudytherightmaterialsattherighttime.F.Thela

stthingyouwanttodoisburyyourselfinamountainofbooks.G.Don’tspendallyourtimestudyingorallyourtimehangingwithfriends.【答

案】11.E12.D13.G14.B15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高学习效率的一些具体的方法。【11题详解】根据上文Createagameplan.Beforeyoubeginyourstud

ysession,createagameplanforexactlyhowyouwillstudy.Considerwhatyouwillstudy,howlongyou’llspendoneachsubjectandwhatstudymethods

youwilluse.可知制定一个游戏计划。在你开始学习之前，为你将如何学习制定一个游戏计划。考虑一下你要学什么，每门课要花多长时间，以及你要用什么学习方法。由此可知，上文提出方法，本句说明这个方法的作用在于可以让你在正确的时间学习正

确的材料。故E选项“这可以让你在正确的时间学习正确的材料”符合语境，故选E。【12题详解】根据上文Youcertainlycanborroworcopysomeoneelse’snotes,butyoumustworkh

ardtoputeverythinginyourownwords.可知你当然可以借或抄别人的笔记，但你必须努力用自己的话表达。以及后文Manytimes,understandingthebigpictureisjustasimportantasremember

ingalltheindividualfacts.(很多时候，理解大局和记住所有的个别事实一样重要)由此可知，上文提到用自己的话表达是为了更好地区理解概念，如果不这样做，就无法理解更大的概念。故D选项“如果你不这样做，你就无法理解更大的概念”符合语境，故选D。【13题详解】根据上文Maintai

nbalance.Balancecanbedifficulttomaintaininschoolbutit’scrucialforsuccess.可知保持平衡。在学校里很难保持平衡，但这是成功的关键。由此可知，本句承接上文具体说明，要保持平衡意味着不要把你所有的时间都花在学习上，或者

花在和朋友玩上。故G选项“不要把你所有的时间都花在学习上，或者花在和朋友玩上”符合语境，故选G。【14题详解】根据后文Ifyouwanttodowellinschool,yousimplyhavetodoit.可知如果你想在学校取得好成绩，你就

必须这样做。由此可知，要想在学校取得好成绩，那么努力学习是无法逃避的，你必须学习。故B选项“学习是没有办法逃避的”符合语境，故选B。【15题详解】根据上文Tomakethemostofyourlimitedtime.可知充分利用你有限

的时间。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，充分利用有限的时间意味着不要磨洋工，本句与上文为并列关系。故A选项“不要磨洋工”符合语境，故选A。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项

中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Backonthefirstdayofschool,Ms.Ryantoldallthechildrenthatattheendoftheyeartherewouldbeaclassparty.E

veryonewasveryexcited.Slowlybut___16___,fallturnedintowinterandwinterturnedintospring.Soonitwastimeto___

17___theparty.Ms.Ryanpostedalistofthingsforstudentstobring.Allthefoodwouldbe____18____witheveryone.Logan___19___

cupcakes.Onenight,MomsaidtoLogan,“Ican’tbelievetomorrowisthe___20___dayofschool.Howtime___21___!”Logandroppedhisfork.“Ohno!

”hecried.“I___22___totellyoubefore,buttomorrowistheclassparty.I’m___23___tobringcupcakesforeveryone.”Logan'smom___

24___.“Logan,Idon’tthinkthere’senoughtimeto_____25_____cupcakesbeforebed.You’llhavetogototheparty___

__26_____cupcakes.Nexttime,pleaseletmeknowsooner.”“I’msorry,”Logansniffed,tryingto_____27_____histears.“Well,”Mom_____28___

__him,“Iguesswehavetimetobakethecupcakes,buttheywillbetoo_____29_____toputicingonthemtonight.Theicingwillmel

t.ButIhavea(n)_____30_____.”ImmediatelyLoganandMomsettowork.Momcrackedtheeggs_____31_____Loganaddedtheoil.Togethertheymixedthebatter(面

粉)and_____32_____itintothecupcakepan.Whilethecupcakeswereintheoven,Loganasked,“Whatabouttheicing?”Mompulledoutbrightlyco

loredsprinkles(糖屑).“Iknowwe_____33_____usetheseforicecream,butyoucanpackthemwiththecupcakesandletyourfriends_____34_____cupcake

s.Howdoesthatsound?”Logansmiled.Hisclassmateswould_____35_____todecoratetheirowncupcakes.“Itsoundsgreat!”saidLogan.“Thanks,Mom.You’rethebes

t.”16.A.casuallyB.surelyC.predictablyD.unavoidably17.A.attendB.delayC.planD.end18.A.sharedB.associate

dC.cookedD.distributed19.A.tookawayB.madeupforC.gaveawayD.signedupfor20.A.newB.lastC.middleD.special21.A.

fliesB.dragsC.changesD.waits22.A.happenedB.managedC.regrettedD.forgot23.A.allowedB.forcedC.supposedD.recommended24.A.frownedB.repeat

edC.explainedD.agreed25.A.bakeB.buyC.orderD.design26.A.insteadofB.regardlessofC.withD.without27.A.hideB.wipeaway

C.holdbackD.dry28.A.remindedB.comfortedC.interruptedD.greeted29.A.freshB.warmC.sweetD.cold30.A.ideaB.problemC.planD.agenda31

.A.soB.becauseC.butD.while32.A.pushedB.threwC.spoonedD.slid33.A.hardlyB.alreadyC.evenD.usually34.A.makeB.decorateC.tas

teD.deliver35.A.declineB.chooseC.loveD.hate【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.D20.B21.A22.D23.C24.A25.A26.D27.C28.B29.B30.A31.D32.C33.D34.B35

.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。Logan要带纸杯蛋糕到班级聚会上去，但是忘了提前告诉妈妈。虽然时间很紧迫，但是妈妈最后还是想办法完成了Logan的心愿。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然缓慢但是很确定

地，秋天变成了冬天，冬天又变成了春天。A.casually随意地；B.surely确定地；C.predictably可预见地；D.unavoidably不可避免地。按照生活常识，季节更替是自然界的规律，是肯定会发生的。故选B项。【17题详解】考

查动词词义辨析。句意：很快就到了计划聚会的时间了。A.attend参加；B.delay延迟；C.plan计划；D.end结束。根据下一句Ms.Ryanpostedalistofthingsforstudentstobring可知，Ms.Ryan是在让学生为班级聚会做准备。故选C

项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的食物都会分给每个人。A.shared分享；B.associated联系；C.cooked烹饪；D.distributed分发。在班级聚会上，大家都是共享带来的食物。故选

A项。【19题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Logan报名说她准备带纸杯蛋糕。A.tookaway拿走；B.madeupfor弥补；C.gaveaway赠送；D.signedupfor报名参加。根据下文I’m___8___tobringcupcakesforeveryone.可知

，Logan报名说她准备带纸杯蛋糕。故选D项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，妈妈对Logan说：“我真不敢相信明天就是这学年的最后一天了。时间过得多快!”A.new新的；B.last最后的；C.middle中间的；D.special特别的。根据上文Backonthefirs

tdayofschool,Ms.Ryantoldallthechildrenthatattheendoftheyeartherewouldbeaclassparty.可知，Ms.Ryan在开学第一天就说在年底要举行班级聚会；根据下一句tomorrowistheclassp

arty.可知,妈妈说的是“明天就是这学年的最后一天了”。故选B项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，妈妈对Logan说：“我真不敢相信明天就是这学年的最后一天了。时间过得多快!”A.flies飞行；B.drags拖，

拽；C.changes变化；D.waits等待。根据Ican’tbelievetomorrowisthe5dayofschool.可知，妈妈觉得这一学年过得太快了。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨

析。句意：“哦，不！”他哭起来了。“我之前忘了告诉你。明天是班级聚会。我应该给大家带纸杯蛋糕的。”A.happened发生；B.managed设法；C.regretted后悔；D.forgot忘记。因

为妈妈说“明天是这学年的最后一天”，Logan才记起明天是班级聚会的日子。他忘了告诉妈妈要带纸杯蛋糕去学校。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“哦，不！”他哭起来了。“我之前忘了告诉你。明天是班级聚会。我应该给大家带纸杯蛋糕的。”A.allowed允许；B.forced强

迫；C.supposed假设，认为；D.recommended推荐。此处是短语besupposedto意思为“理应，应当”。根据上文Logan4cupcakes.可知，Logan报名带纸杯蛋糕，这时他想起来明天应该带纸杯蛋糕参加

班级聚会。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Logan的妈妈皱起了眉头。A.frowned皱眉；B.repeated重复；C.explained解释；D.agreed同意。根据Logan妈妈说的话Idon’tthi

nkthere’senoughtimeto10cupcakesbeforebed.可知，妈妈觉得睡觉前没有足够的时间作纸杯蛋糕了，因此她皱起眉头，很犯愁。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Logan，我觉得睡觉前没时间烤纸杯蛋糕了。A.bake烘烤；

B.buy购买；C.order订购；D.design设计。根据下文wehavetimetobakethecupcakes可知，纸杯蛋糕是烘烤制作出来的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：你没有纸杯蛋糕带着去参加派对了。A.insteadof而不是；B.regardless

of不管，不顾；C.with和……一起；D.without没有。根据Logan妈妈上一句Idon’tthinkthere’senoughtimeto10cupcakesbeforebed.可知，妈妈觉得睡觉前没有时间制作纸杯蛋糕，因

此Logan就没有纸杯蛋糕带到班级聚会上去了。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：Logan抽了抽鼻子，尽力忍住眼泪。A.hide隐藏；B.wipeaway擦去；C.holdback抑制住；D.dry擦干。因为没有纸杯蛋糕带

去学校，Logan很失望，但忍住眼泪不让自己哭出来。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈安慰他。A.reminded提醒；B.comforted安慰；C.interrupted打断；D.g

reeted问候。根据妈妈下面说的话Iguesswehavetimetobakethecupcakes可知，妈妈在安慰Logan，在给Logan想办法。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想我们还有时间烤纸

杯蛋糕，但是今晚蛋糕太热了，没法在上面加糖霜了。糖霜会融化的。但我有个主意。A.fresh新鲜的；B.warm暖和的；C.sweet甜的；D.cold冷的。根据生活常识，蛋糕如果太热，没有完全冷却，上面的糖霜就会融化。因此根据Theicingwillmelt可知，蛋糕温度太高了

，不能放糖霜在上面。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想我们还有时间烤纸杯蛋糕，但是今晚蛋糕太热了，没法在上面加糖霜了。糖霜会融化的。但我有个主意。A.idea想法，主意；B.problem问题；C.plan计划；

D.agenda议程。根据下文Iknowwe18usetheseforicecream,butyoucanpackthemwiththecupcakesandletyourfriends19cupcakes.Howdoesthatsound?可知，妈妈想出了一个主意。故选A项。【31题详解】

考查连词词义辨析。句意：妈妈打鸡蛋，同时Logan加入油。A.so因此；B.because因为；C.but但是；D.while与……同时。此处while表示“正值……之时（表示一件事是在另一件事发生过程中的某个时间发生的）”。故选D项。【32题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一起将面粉混合在一起，然后用勺舀到纸杯蛋糕盘里。A.pushed推；B.threw扔；C.spooned用勺舀；D.slid滑。根据生活常识，制作蛋糕时，先将面粉混合成面糊，然后

舀到烤盘里烘烤。故选C项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道我们通常用它们来做冰淇淋，但是你可以把它们和纸杯蛋糕一起打包，让你的朋友来装饰纸杯蛋糕。这听起来怎么样？A.hardly几乎不；B.already已经；C.even甚至；D.usually通常。色彩鲜艳的糖屑通常是用于做冰激凌

的。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我们通常用它们来做冰淇淋，但是你可以把它们和纸杯蛋糕一起打包，让你的朋友来装饰纸杯蛋糕。这听起来怎么样？A.make制作；B.decorate装饰；C.taste品尝；D.deliver递送，投递。根据前面提到

的brightlycoloredsprinkles可知，妈妈想到的主意是：让同学们自己用色彩鲜艳的糖屑装饰蛋糕。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的同学们会很喜爱装饰自己的纸杯蛋糕。A.de

cline拒绝；B.choose选择；C.love爱；D.hate恨。根据Logan说的话Itsoundsgreat!可知，Logan觉得同学们会喜欢的。故选C项。第Ⅱ卷注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分：语言

运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Eachyear,thewomenofOlney,England,a

ndLiberal,Kansas,competein___36___unusualfootrace.Dressedin___37___(apron)andheadscarves,theywaitatbothtowns’startinglines.Eachwomanholdsafryingpan_

__38___onepancakeinside.Atthesignal,thewomenfliptheirpancakesandtheyareoff.This“pancakeracing”traditionissaidtohavestartedonShroveTuesday,1445,inOlne

y,___39___isthedaybeforetheChristianseasonofLent(大斋期)begins.DuringLent,manypeopledecidetogiveupsugaryorfattyfoods.Legendsaysthatin1445,anOlneyw

oman___40___(make)pancakestouseupsomeofhersugarandcookingfatsbeforeLent.Shelosttrackoftimeand___41___(sudden)heardthechurchbellsring,signal

ingthe___42___(begin)oftheShroveTuesdayservice.___43___(realize)thatshewasgoingtobelateforchurch,she___4

4___(race)out,stillwearingherapronandheadscarfandholdingherfryingpanwithapancakeinit.Inthefollowingyears,thewoman’sneighborsimitatedherdasht

ochurch,____45____pancakeracingwasborn.OlneywomencontinuethisShroveTuesdaytraditionmorethanfivehundredyearslater.【答案】36.an37.apro

ns38.with39.which40.wasmaking41.suddenly42.beginning43.Realizing44.raced45.and/so【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了煎饼赛跑

节的由来。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：每年，英国奥尔尼和堪萨斯州自由镇的妇女都要参加一场不同寻常的赛跑比赛。Footrace为单数可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，形容词unuausl以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：他们系着围裙，戴着

头巾，在两个城镇的起跑线上等着。Apron意为“围裙”，是可数名词，设空处和headscarves并列，应该用复数形式，故填aprons。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：每个女人都拿着一个煎锅，里面有一个煎饼。根据语境可知，每个妇女拿着一个煎锅，里面放着一个

煎饼，with+宾语+宾语补足语为固定结构。故填with。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：据说，这种“薄饼赛跑”的传统始于1445年奥尔尼的忏悔日，也就是基督教大斋节开始的前一天。分析句子结构，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是ShroveTuesday，

在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。【40题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：传说在1445年，一位奥尔尼妇女在大斋节前做煎饼，用完她的一些糖和食用油。根据下文，当时她正在做

煎饼，为了在大斋节前用光所有的糖和脂肪，所以用过去进行时。其基本构成形式是was/were+doing，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填wasmaking。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：她忘记了时间，突然听到教堂的钟声响起，标志着星期二忏悔仪式的开始。

分析句子结构，设空处修饰动词heard，需用副词形式。故填suddenly。【42题详解】考查动名词。句意：她忘记了时间，突然听到教堂的钟声响起，标志着星期二忏悔仪式的开始。定冠词the修饰名词，设空处需填begin的动名词形式。故

填beginning。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：意识到去教堂要迟到了，她跑了出去，还穿着围裙和头巾，手里拿着平底锅，里面有一个煎饼。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词作原因状语，she和realize之间为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式，位

于句首，首字母需大写。故填Realizing。【44题详解】考查动词时态。句意：意识到去教堂要迟到了，她跑了出去，还穿着围裙和头巾，手里拿着平底锅，里面有一个煎饼。分析句子结构，设空处缺少谓语动词，此处陈述过去发生的

事情，需用一般过去时。故填raced。【45题详解】考查并列连词。句意：在接下来的几年里，她的邻居们模仿她跑去教堂，于是“薄饼赛跑”诞生了。分析句子结构可知，空格前是逗号，空格后引导并列句，两句之间是顺承或者因果关系，故填and/so。第四部分：写作（共两节，

满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，最近，你在英语学习上遇到一些困难。请给你的英国朋友Alex写一封邮件，向他求助。内容包括：1.你的困难；2.寻求帮助。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行

文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearAlex,Withthecollegeentranceexaminationap

proaching,myanxietyabouttheEnglishlearningisincreasing.SoIamwritingtoseeksomeguidanceonhowtoimproveit.Englishwritingisreallyabigchallengeforme.First

ofall,myvocabularyisnotlarge,whichmakesitimpossibleformetochooserightandauthenticwordsandphrases.Besides,Englishgrammarbecomesabottle-neckofmyEnglish

writing,thesentencesIconstructbeingmuchmorelikeaChinesesentencethananEnglishone.Shouldyoubekindenoughtogivemeanyhelp,Iwo

uldbegratefultoyou.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，最近，你在英语学习上遇到一些困难。请给你的英国朋友Alex写一封邮件，向他求助。内容包括：1.你的困难；2.寻求帮助。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：

collegeentranceexamination(高考)；guidance(指导)；firstofall(首先)；authentic(真正的)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用

恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Withthecollegeentranceexaminationapproaching

,myanxietyabouttheEnglishlearningisincreasing.非谓语动词的运用；Firstofall,myvocabularyisnotlarge,whichmakesitimpossibleform

etochooserightandauthenticwordsandphrases.运用非限制性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节（满分25分）47.

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。BrownieandHarrywereneighbordogsinStowe,abeautifulandpeacefultowninLamoilleCounty,Vermont,United

States,whometeverydaytoplaytogether,runningaftereachotherjoyfully.Likepairsofdogsyoucanfindinmostanyneighborh

ood,thesetwolovedeachotherandplayedtogethersooftenthattheyhadwornapaththroughthegrassofthefieldbetweentheirrespectivehouses.Oneevening,B

rownie'sfamilynoticedthatBrowniehadn'treturnedhomeasusual.Theywentlookingforhimwithnosuccess.Browniestilldidn'tshowup

thenextday,and,despitetheireffortstofindhim,bythenextweekhewasstillmissing.Curiously,theotherdog,Harry,showedupatBrownie's

housealoneoneday.Hebarked,jumpedandpestered(纠缠)Brownie'shumanfamily,showingthathewasfilledwithanxiety.

Busywiththeirownlives,thefamilyjustignoredthenervouslittleneighbordoganddecidedtoletthemissingdoggo.Harryrefusedtotake“no”forana

nswer.Ted,Brownie’sowner,wassteadilydisturbedbytheangry,determinedlittledog.OnemorningHarryfollowedTedabout,barkingmoreinsis

tently,thenrushingtowardanearbyemptylotandback,asiftosay,“Followme,please!I'sveryurgent!”Eventually,TedwentafterthemadHarryacrossthee

mptylotasHarrypausedtoracebackandbarkencouragingly.Thelittledogledthemanunderatree,pastsometreejungles,toalonelyspotahal

fmilefromthehouse.ThereTedfoundhisbelovedBrownie,andhewasalive,withoneofhisfrontlegsfallingintoasteeltrap.Atthatmoment,Tedunderstoodthestrangeb

ehaviorofHarry.Feelingregretful,TednowwishedhehadtakenHarry'searlierappealsseriously.However,Harryhaddonemorethans

implyledBrownie’shumanownertohistrappedfriend.Tednoticedsomethingquiteremarkablebeforehimandwasshockedthattheamountoflovethatthedoghas

forhispartnercouldbesooutstanding.Paragraph1:Inacirclearoundtheinjureddog,thereweresomeremainsofmeals.___________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________Paragraph2:BrowniewassavedandtakenhomebyhisownerTed.______________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1：Inacirclearoundtheinjureddog,thereweresomeremainsofmeal

s.ItturnedoutthatHarryhadbeenvisitingBrownieregularlyinordertokeephisfriendalive.EverydayHarrytookhalfofhisdogfoodheretoBrownie.Harrytriedhisbesttob

egtheownertoaskformoreleftoversandthenhecameoutwiththefood.EachnightHarrystayedwithBrownietoprotecthimfromothermeat-eatinganimals,leaningclos

etoBrownietokeephiwarmandencouragehimtokeephisspiritsup.Paragraph2：BrowniewassavedandtakenhomebyhisownerTed.Hisfrontlegwastreatedbyananimalsurg

eon.Hewasattendedsocarefullyandverysoonherecovered.EverydayHarrycametoseehimandplayedwithhimhappily.Formanyyearsthe

reafter,thetwofamiliesstillwatchedthefaithfulfriendshavingfunandchasingeachotherdownthatwell-wornpathbetweentheirhouses

.Thetwodogsnotonlysetuptheirownfriendshipbutalsomadethetwofamiliesharmoniousandclosetogether.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，两只小狗

Brownie和Harry是邻居，每天会一起玩，以至于两家之间的草地上已经被踏出了一条小径。一天傍晚，Brownie突然不见了踪影，它的主人苦寻无果便决定放弃。但Harry却不断到Brownie主人家，狂吠，乱跳，”纠缠”着Br

ownie的主人一家，通过它坚持不懈的”纠缠”，Brownie的主人跟随着它找到了被困的Brownie。Paragraph1的开头是“在受伤的Brownie四周，有一圈残羹剩饭”，文章中最后一段讲到”Harry不仅仅只是带领Brownie的主人来到它被困的朋友跟前”，由此可知，这些食物

是Harry给Brownie带来的，本段应描述在Brownie被困的日子里，Harry是如何带食物给Brownie的，并且上文提到两只小狗的感情十分深厚，在这期间，Harry应该会一直陪伴和保护着Brownie。Paragraph2的开头是“Brownie被它的主人Ted救下并带回家”，

由此可知，接下来可能会描述Brownie被带回去接受治疗，伤好后，两只小狗又开始一起开心地嬉戏玩耍，且可以根据情节进一步延伸，如两只小狗的友情也进一步拉近了两家人的距离。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，续写部分与原文内容一致，使之构成一

篇完整的短文【点睛】本续写描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：turnout，takehalfof，comeoutwith，notonly…butalso…等高级词汇；名词性从句Itturnedoutthat

HarryhadbeenvisitingBrownieregularlyinordertokeephisfriendalive.非谓语动词EachnightHarrystayedwithBrownietoprotecthimfromothermea

t-eatinganimals,leaningclosetoBrownietokeephiwarmandencouragehimtokeephisspiritsup.等高级句式。