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高二英语周测32021/04/18本试卷满分100分,时间45分钟I.阅读理解(每题2.5分,总分27.5分)AWhales,likedolphins,belongtoagroupofmammalscalled“cetaceans”
.ThisnamecomesfromaLatinwordmeaning“largeseaanimals”.Thereareatleastseventy-fivekindsofcetaceans.Scientistsdi
videthevariouskindsintotwomajorgroups—baleenwhales,whichdonothaveteeth,andtoothedwhales,whichhaveteeth.Whaleshavethesamebasicsh
apeasfish,buttheydifferfromfishinmanyways.Themostnoticeabledifferenceisthetail.Fishhaveverticaltailfins(鳍)
,butwhaleshavehorizontaltailfins.Fishbreathebymeansofgills(鳃),whilewhaleshavelungsandmustcometothesurfacetobreathe.Buttheycan
holdtheirbreathforlongperiods.Likeothermammals,whalesgivebirthtoliveyoungandfeedthemwithmilkproducedbythemother’sbody.Mostfish,however,layeggsa
nddonotfeedtheiryoung.Whalesarealsowarm-blooded—thatis,theirbodytemperatureremainsaboutthesameallthetime.Almostallfish
arecold-blooded.Theirbodytemperaturechangeswithchangesinthetemperatureofthewater.Whaleshaveahighlydevelopedbrainandtheyarehighlyadvancedlifef
orms.Theysingtotheiryoung,engageincomplexfamilyrelationships,andtheircommunicationskillsarefine.InDecember2005,awhale,after
beingrescuedfromfishingnets,didn’tjustswimbacktodeepwater.Ithungaroundandtouchedeachofthediverswithitsmouth.“Know
ingthatitwasfree,itstoppedaboutafootawayfromme,pushedmearoundalittlebitandhadsomefun,”saiddivemasterJamesMoskito.Hethoughtitwas“oneofthemostfantas
ticmoments”ofhislife.1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectrelationship?A.Mammalsareatypeofceta
cean.B.Cetaceansarenotatypeofmammal.C.Whalesbelongtothecetaceanfamily.D.Mammalsareatypeofwhale.2.Whi
chofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweenwhalesandfish?A.Whalesbreathebymeansoflungs.B.Whaleshavetailfins.C.Whalesfeedtheiryoun
gwithmilk.D.Awhale’sbodytemperaturenearlydoesn’tchange.3.Whydidn’tthewhaleswimbacktotheseaafteritwassaved?A.Itlostitswayinthesea.B.Itwasseriouslyw
ounded.C.Itwasfrightenedbythedivers.D.Itwantedtothankthedivers.BSomeyearsago,MichelAndrefoundhimselfstaringatthebodyofad
eadwhaleonabeachintheCanaryIslands.Itwasobviousthattheanimalhadbeenstruckviolentlybyaship—butwhy?Onlylater,a
ftersurveyingthewhaleswhichlivedintheareaandmeasuringtheincreaseofsoundpollutionfromshipsdiditbecomeclearthattherewasalink.Thewhaleshadbecomedesen
sitisedtothenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously.“Weneverthoughtthatthiscouldbesomethingthatcoul
dkill,”recallsAndre,whoisthedirectoroftheLaboratoryofAppliedBioacousticsattheTechnicalUniversityofCatalonia
,Barcelona.Andrehasspent20yearsdevelopinganadvancedsystemtobetterunderstandwhyincidentslikethishappen.Hisu
nderwatermicrophoneshaveexposedaworldofdeafeningsoundandanimalcommunicationneverobservedwithsuchclarity(清晰)b
efore.Itwasnotaneasytask.Soundwavesdon’ttravelthroughwaterintheuniform,predictablewaytheydothroughtheair.Instead,thetempera
ture,salinity(盐度)and,flowofwaterhavegreateffectsontheirpath.Whatcanbedone?Onesolutionistochangeshippingroutestocourseswhereshipsar
estatisticallylesslikelytomeetanimals.It’salsopossibletoslowshipsdownto18km/horless,whichislesslikelytoseriouslyinjureawhale.As
fordealingwiththerootcauseoftheproblem,theUN’sInternationalMaritimeOrganisationhasalreadypublishedguidelinesonhowtoquietenships,butitwill
beawhilebeforetheeffectsofsuchchangesmightbeobserved.“Theoceanisnotourworld,”commentsAndre.Butitisourst
olookafter.Andthankstohiswork,wecanbetterunderstandtheeffectsofsubseasoundpollution.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwor
d“desensitised”inParagraph2mean?A.Stubborn.B.Flexible.C.Dull.D.Friendly.5.What’sonewaytosolvetheproblemaccordingtothetext?A.Tolowerthespeedofships.B
.Toreducethenumberofships.C.Tosetuppreservesunderthesea.D.Togivetheinjuredanimalstimelytreatment.6.Whatistheauthor
’sattitudetowardswhatMichelAndrehasdone?A.Doubtful.B.Disapproving.C.Positive.D.Uncaring.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Agreatexpert
.B.Noiseinthesea.C.Animalsinthesea.D.Seaexplorationtechnology.CCaliforniahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincet
he1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(因素).Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofee
tacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffec
ted,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,th
enumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.Manyfactorscontributedtothedeclin
e,saidPatrickMclntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.Aggressivewi
ldfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources(资源).ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe
1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010,Mclntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfr
omwoodcuttingordevelopment.Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.There
searchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuch
thingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt(融雪).Sincethe1930s,Mclntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthes
tatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersu
pplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.8.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theseriousnessofbig-treelossinCalifornia.B.Theincreasing
varietyofCaliforniabigtrees.C.ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.D.TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.9.Whichofthefollowin
giswell-intentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?A.Ecologicalstudiesofforests.B.Banningwoodcutting.C.Limitinghousingdevelopment.D.Firecontrolmeasures.10.Wh
atisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMclntyre?A.Inadequatesnowmelt.B.Alongerdryseason.C.Awarmerclimate.D.Dampnessoftheai
r.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.California'sForests:WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?B.CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinC
aliforniaSoonC.WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaForests?D.PatrickMclntyre:GrowMoreBigTreesinCaliforniaⅡ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据
短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anewreportsaysplasticisresponsibleforthedamagetotheoceansandtheunderseaenvironme
nt.ThefindingswereannouncedrecentlyataUnitedNationsconference.12Plasticthrownawaycarelesslymakesitswayintoriversandotherwater
ways.13Afterawhile,itcollectsinthesea.Andplasticnevergoesaway.Plasticisnotbiodegradable—destroyedbybacteriao
rnaturalprocesses.Instead,itjustbreaksupintosmallerpiecesovertime.Theoceanscontainalotofchemicalsandotherpollutants.(污
染物)14Thatmeansharmfulmaterialmaygetintoourfoodsupply.15Humanbeingscausepollutionandtheycantakestepstosto
pit.Theycanusefewersingleusecontainersandthrowplasticawaycorrectly.Plasticrecyclingprogrammersalsoworkwhereoldbottle
sandotherplasticarecollected,brokendownandusedtomakenewproducts.Thereportalsocallsoncompaniestoimprovemetho
dsforusingplastic.16Anditcallsforinformationaboutthewayplasticisthrownoutorremovedfromuse.Byputtinganewvalueonplas
tic,industryhasaspecialreasontocleanuptheenvironment.Butallofthecompaniesmustjointodealwiththeproblem.A.Then,fishmayeat
theplastic.B.Itasksthemtobettermeasureanddirectplasticuse.C.Theplasticeventuallyreachescoastalareasandoceanwa
ters.D.Thereporttalksabouttheharmtosealifeandwhatcanbedonetoimprovethesituation.E.Plasticshouldbegatheredtogetherandreused.F
.Butpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.G.Itisconvenienttouseplasticbagsineverydaylife.III.完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)Isettledintomyseatonaplanebound
forCubafeelingannoyed.WhenIplannedthetrip,Ihad17thatmyCubanpartnersandIwouldhittheground,headingtothe
fieldstraightawaytocollectsamples(样本).That’showI’ddonefieldworkinotherplaces.But18inCuba,itseemed.Fi
vedaysearlier,aCubanscientistinformedmethatwe’donlybemeetingto19ourplannedproject.Samplingwouldhappenduringa
latertrip.Thatleftmefeeling20.WhydidIneedtotraveltheretohaveameeting?ButIhadsomethingto21inCuba.Attheairport,oneofmyCubanpa
rtnersgreetedmewitha(an)22smile,astronghandshakeandawarmhug.Thenwedrovetotheresearchcenter.We23everylabinthebuilding.Imetscie
ntists,secretaries,students,andthecook.Iwas24toeachpersonintheircenter.Thenextday,wemetagaintobrainstorm.HaditnotbeenfortheCu
bans,Iwouldn’thavebeen25thatthemapsIhadwereoutdatedandwrong.Itwasabigproblemandourresultswouldhavebeen26.Localinvolvement(参与)andknowledgewere27
—makingmewonderwhatI’dmissedworkingwithoutsucha28inAfrica,SouthAmerica,andtheArctic.Sixmonthslater,IflewbacktoCubaand—thistime—weheadeddirectlyinto
the29.WedrovearoundCubainbrightyellowvans(厢式货车),andwemadesurethateachvanhada30ofCubansandAmericansatallageandposit
ionlevels.Inthefieldstudents,scientistsandtechniciansall31together.Atnight,wesearchedforarestaurantthatcouldseatall14ofusa
tone32—becausethat’swhatteamsdo,theysittogether.In26yearsasaprofessor,I’vealwaystriedmybesttotreatmystudentsas33partners.ButmyCubanpa
rtnerstaketeamworktoanother34entirely.Theymakeitclear—throughactionsbothbigandsmall—thatallteammembersweretreated35andthattrueteamwork36bet
terscience.17.A.confirmedB.suspectedC.promisedD.assumed18.A.stillB.alsoC.notD.then19.A.giveupB.talkaboutC.takeoverD.carryout20.A.impatientB.unfrien
dlyC.optimisticD.comfortable21.A.offerB.learnC.complainD.risk22.A.sympatheticB.tightC.broadD.artificial23.A.touredB.checkedC.designedD
.equipped24.A.comparedB.taughtC.invitedD.introduced25.A.enviousB.awareC.contentD.ignorant26.A.affectedB.impr
ovedC.reachedD.avoided27.A.slightB.directC.keyD.public28.A.mapB.problemC.personD.team29.A.labB.cityC.fie
ldD.centre30.A.mixB.lackC.privilegeD.mention31.A.criedB.sweatedC.panickedD.trembled32.A.timeB.seatC.endD.table33.A.valuedB.p
romotedC.challengedD.employed34.A.chanceB.applicationC.projectD.level35.A.gentlyB.equallyC.seriouslyD.roughly36.A.begsfor
B.reliesonC.makesforD.feedsonIV.单项填空(每题2分,总分20分)37.Thetraditionalapproach_______withcomplexproblemistobreakthemdownintosmaller,mo
reeasilymanagedproblems.A.todealingB.indealingC.dealingD.todeal38.Theowneroftheshopaskedtheassistantto
_____thepearsthatcanbethrownaway.A.workoutB.makeoutC.sortoutD.figureout39.Thegrandparents___________whenshesawthegoldmedaltheirgrandsonhadgotatth
eOlympicGames.A.couldn’thelptosmileB.couldn’thelpsmilingC.couldn’thelpbutsmiledD.couldnothelpbutsmile40.Idon’treallyworkhere;I______untilthenew
secretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpout41.IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI______thecloth__
____well.A.havetold;washesB.havebeentold;washesC.wastold;washedD.havebeentold;iswashed42.-Jack,whatdoyouthinkoftheeventwhi
chnotonlypromoted____ofworldhunger,butraisedalotofmoneytohelpthosepoorchildren.A.contributionB.direct
ionC.awarenessD.loneliness43.Iwasnot______herpresencetillshespoketome.A.realizedB.awareaboutC.awareofD.recognize44.E
arthisbelieved_______byanobjectthesizeofMarsatsomepointinthedistantpastbeforeitssurfacecooled.A.tobehitB.tohavehitC.tohavebeenhitD.to
hit45.Thiskindofsocialphenomenoncouldexistonlyforafewmonths,butitwilldisappear____.A.innotimeB.atnotimeC.atonetimeD.
atatime46.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,_____withhisoldone.A.comparingB.comparesC.tocompareD.comparedVI.默写(总分10分)注意:不用默写全文,开头已给出,从First,
开始写即可。However,theyalsocausedangertoseaanimals.First,_______________________________________________________________
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__高二周测3答案I.阅读(每题2.5,总分27.5)CBDCACBADCADCAFBDCBABCADBACDCABDADBCACBCBCCCADVI.默写(总分10分)