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高二英语周测32021/04/18本试卷满分100分，时间45分钟I．阅读理解(每题2.5分，总分27.5分)AWhales，likedolphins，belongtoagroupofmammalscalled“cetaceans”

．ThisnamecomesfromaLatinwordmeaning“largeseaanimals”．Thereareatleastseventy-fivekindsofcetaceans.Scientistsdi

videthevariouskindsintotwomajorgroups—baleenwhales，whichdonothaveteeth，andtoothedwhales，whichhaveteeth.Whaleshavethesamebasicsh

apeasfish，buttheydifferfromfishinmanyways.Themostnoticeabledifferenceisthetail.Fishhaveverticaltailfins(鳍)

，butwhaleshavehorizontaltailfins.Fishbreathebymeansofgills(鳃)，whilewhaleshavelungsandmustcometothesurfacetobreathe.Buttheycan

holdtheirbreathforlongperiods.Likeothermammals，whalesgivebirthtoliveyoungandfeedthemwithmilkproducedbythemother’sbody.Mostfish，however，layeggsa

nddonotfeedtheiryoung.Whalesarealsowarm-blooded—thatis，theirbodytemperatureremainsaboutthesameallthetime.Almostallfish

arecold-blooded.Theirbodytemperaturechangeswithchangesinthetemperatureofthewater.Whaleshaveahighlydevelopedbrainandtheyarehighlyadvancedlifef

orms.Theysingtotheiryoung，engageincomplexfamilyrelationships，andtheircommunicationskillsarefine.InDecember2005，awhale，after

beingrescuedfromfishingnets，didn’tjustswimbacktodeepwater.Ithungaroundandtouchedeachofthediverswithitsmouth.“Know

ingthatitwasfree，itstoppedaboutafootawayfromme，pushedmearoundalittlebitandhadsomefun，”saiddivemasterJamesMoskito.Hethoughtitwas“oneofthemostfantas

ticmoments”ofhislife.1．AccordingtoParagraph1，whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectrelationship?A．Mammalsareatypeofceta

cean.B．Cetaceansarenotatypeofmammal.C．Whalesbelongtothecetaceanfamily.D．Mammalsareatypeofwhale.2．Whi

chofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweenwhalesandfish?A．Whalesbreathebymeansoflungs.B．Whaleshavetailfins.C．Whalesfeedtheiryoun

gwithmilk.D．Awhale’sbodytemperaturenearlydoesn’tchange.3．Whydidn’tthewhaleswimbacktotheseaafteritwassaved?A．Itlostitswayinthesea.B．Itwasseriouslyw

ounded.C．Itwasfrightenedbythedivers.D．Itwantedtothankthedivers.BSomeyearsago，MichelAndrefoundhimselfstaringatthebodyofad

eadwhaleonabeachintheCanaryIslands.Itwasobviousthattheanimalhadbeenstruckviolentlybyaship—butwhy?Onlylater，a

ftersurveyingthewhaleswhichlivedintheareaandmeasuringtheincreaseofsoundpollutionfromshipsdiditbecomeclearthattherewasalink.Thewhaleshadbecomedesen

sitisedtothenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem，oftenseriously.“Weneverthoughtthatthiscouldbesomethingthatcoul

dkill，”recallsAndre，whoisthedirectoroftheLaboratoryofAppliedBioacousticsattheTechnicalUniversityofCatalonia

，Barcelona.Andrehasspent20yearsdevelopinganadvancedsystemtobetterunderstandwhyincidentslikethishappen.Hisu

nderwatermicrophoneshaveexposedaworldofdeafeningsoundandanimalcommunicationneverobservedwithsuchclarity(清晰)b

efore.Itwasnotaneasytask.Soundwavesdon’ttravelthroughwaterintheuniform，predictablewaytheydothroughtheair.Instead，thetempera

ture，salinity(盐度)and，flowofwaterhavegreateffectsontheirpath.Whatcanbedone?Onesolutionistochangeshippingroutestocourseswhereshipsar

estatisticallylesslikelytomeetanimals.It’salsopossibletoslowshipsdownto18km/horless，whichislesslikelytoseriouslyinjureawhale.As

fordealingwiththerootcauseoftheproblem，theUN’sInternationalMaritimeOrganisationhasalreadypublishedguidelinesonhowtoquietenships，butitwill

beawhilebeforetheeffectsofsuchchangesmightbeobserved.“Theoceanisnotourworld，”commentsAndre.Butitisourst

olookafter.Andthankstohiswork，wecanbetterunderstandtheeffectsofsubseasoundpollution.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedwor

d“desensitised”inParagraph2mean?A．Stubborn.B．Flexible.C．Dull.D．Friendly.5．What’sonewaytosolvetheproblemaccordingtothetext?A．Tolowerthespeedofships.B

．Toreducethenumberofships.C．Tosetuppreservesunderthesea.D．Togivetheinjuredanimalstimelytreatment.6．Whatistheauthor

’sattitudetowardswhatMichelAndrehasdone?A．Doubtful.B．Disapproving.C．Positive.D．Uncaring.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Agreatexpert

.B．Noiseinthesea.C．Animalsinthesea.D．Seaexplorationtechnology.CCaliforniahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincet

he1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(因素).Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofee

tacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffec

ted,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,th

enumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.Manyfactorscontributedtothedeclin

e,saidPatrickMclntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.Aggressivewi

ldfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources(资源).ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe

1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010,Mclntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfr

omwoodcuttingordevelopment.Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.There

searchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuch

thingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt(融雪).Sincethe1930s,Mclntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthes

tatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersu

pplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.8.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theseriousnessofbig-treelossinCalifornia.B.Theincreasing

varietyofCaliforniabigtrees.C.ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.D.TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.9.Whichofthefollowin

giswell-intentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?A.Ecologicalstudiesofforests.B.Banningwoodcutting.C.Limitinghousingdevelopment.D.Firecontrolmeasures.10.Wh

atisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMclntyre?A.Inadequatesnowmelt.B.Alongerdryseason.C.Awarmerclimate.D.Dampnessoftheai

r.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.California'sForests:WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?B.CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinC

aliforniaSoonC.WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaForests?D.PatrickMclntyre:GrowMoreBigTreesinCaliforniaⅡ.七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据

短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anewreportsaysplasticisresponsibleforthedamagetotheoceansandtheunderseaenvironme

nt.ThefindingswereannouncedrecentlyataUnitedNationsconference.12Plasticthrownawaycarelesslymakesitswayintoriversandotherwater

ways.13Afterawhile，itcollectsinthesea.Andplasticnevergoesaway.Plasticisnotbiodegradable—destroyedbybacteriao

rnaturalprocesses.Instead，itjustbreaksupintosmallerpiecesovertime.Theoceanscontainalotofchemicalsandotherpollutants.(污

染物)14Thatmeansharmfulmaterialmaygetintoourfoodsupply.15Humanbeingscausepollutionandtheycantakestepstosto

pit.Theycanusefewersingleusecontainersandthrowplasticawaycorrectly.Plasticrecyclingprogrammersalsoworkwhereoldbottle

sandotherplasticarecollected，brokendownandusedtomakenewproducts.Thereportalsocallsoncompaniestoimprovemetho

dsforusingplastic.16Anditcallsforinformationaboutthewayplasticisthrownoutorremovedfromuse.Byputtinganewvalueonplas

tic，industryhasaspecialreasontocleanuptheenvironment.Butallofthecompaniesmustjointodealwiththeproblem.A．Then，fishmayeat

theplastic.B．Itasksthemtobettermeasureanddirectplasticuse.C．Theplasticeventuallyreachescoastalareasandoceanwa

ters.D．Thereporttalksabouttheharmtosealifeandwhatcanbedonetoimprovethesituation.E．Plasticshouldbegatheredtogetherandreused.F

．Butpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.G．Itisconvenienttouseplasticbagsineverydaylife.III.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Isettledintomyseatonaplanebound

forCubafeelingannoyed.WhenIplannedthetrip，Ihad17thatmyCubanpartnersandIwouldhittheground，headingtothe

fieldstraightawaytocollectsamples（样本）.That’showI’ddonefieldworkinotherplaces.But18inCuba，itseemed.Fi

vedaysearlier，aCubanscientistinformedmethatwe’donlybemeetingto19ourplannedproject.Samplingwouldhappenduringa

latertrip.Thatleftmefeeling20.WhydidIneedtotraveltheretohaveameeting？ButIhadsomethingto21inCuba.Attheairport，oneofmyCubanpa

rtnersgreetedmewitha（an）22smile，astronghandshakeandawarmhug.Thenwedrovetotheresearchcenter.We23everylabinthebuilding.Imetscie

ntists，secretaries，students，andthecook.Iwas24toeachpersonintheircenter.Thenextday，wemetagaintobrainstorm.HaditnotbeenfortheCu

bans，Iwouldn’thavebeen25thatthemapsIhadwereoutdatedandwrong.Itwasabigproblemandourresultswouldhavebeen26.Localinvolvement（参与）andknowledgewere27

—makingmewonderwhatI’dmissedworkingwithoutsucha28inAfrica，SouthAmerica，andtheArctic.Sixmonthslater，IflewbacktoCubaand—thistime—weheadeddirectlyinto

the29.WedrovearoundCubainbrightyellowvans（厢式货车），andwemadesurethateachvanhada30ofCubansandAmericansatallageandposit

ionlevels.Inthefieldstudents，scientistsandtechniciansall31together.Atnight，wesearchedforarestaurantthatcouldseatall14ofusa

tone32—becausethat’swhatteamsdo，theysittogether.In26yearsasaprofessor，I’vealwaystriedmybesttotreatmystudentsas33partners.ButmyCubanpa

rtnerstaketeamworktoanother34entirely.Theymakeitclear—throughactionsbothbigandsmall—thatallteammembersweretreated35andthattrueteamwork36bet

terscience.17．A．confirmedB．suspectedC．promisedD．assumed18．A．stillB．alsoC．notD．then19．A．giveupB．talkaboutC．takeoverD．carryout20．A．impatientB．unfrien

dlyC．optimisticD．comfortable21．A．offerB．learnC．complainD．risk22．A．sympatheticB．tightC．broadD．artificial23．A．touredB．checkedC．designedD

．equipped24．A．comparedB．taughtC．invitedD．introduced25．A．enviousB．awareC．contentD．ignorant26．A．affectedB．impr

ovedC．reachedD．avoided27．A．slightB．directC．keyD．public28．A．mapB．problemC．personD．team29．A．labB．cityC．fie

ldD．centre30．A．mixB．lackC．privilegeD．mention31．A．criedB．sweatedC．panickedD．trembled32．A．timeB．seatC．endD．table33．A．valuedB．p

romotedC．challengedD．employed34．A．chanceB．applicationC．projectD．level35．A．gentlyB．equallyC．seriouslyD．roughly36．A．begsfor

B．reliesonC．makesforD．feedsonIV.单项填空(每题2分，总分20分)37.Thetraditionalapproach_______withcomplexproblemistobreakthemdownintosmaller,mo

reeasilymanagedproblems.A.todealingB.indealingC.dealingD.todeal38.Theowneroftheshopaskedtheassistantto

_____thepearsthatcanbethrownaway.A.workoutB.makeoutC.sortoutD.figureout39.Thegrandparents___________whenshesawthegoldmedaltheirgrandsonhadgotatth

eOlympicGames.A.couldn’thelptosmileB.couldn’thelpsmilingC.couldn’thelpbutsmiledD.couldnothelpbutsmile40.Idon’treallyworkhere;I______untilthenew

secretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpout41.IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI______thecloth__

____well.A.havetold;washesB.havebeentold;washesC.wastold;washedD.havebeentold;iswashed42.-Jack,whatdoyouthinkoftheeventwhi

chnotonlypromoted____ofworldhunger,butraisedalotofmoneytohelpthosepoorchildren.A.contributionB.direct

ionC.awarenessD.loneliness43.Iwasnot______herpresencetillshespoketome.A.realizedB.awareaboutC.awareofD.recognize44.E

arthisbelieved_______byanobjectthesizeofMarsatsomepointinthedistantpastbeforeitssurfacecooled.A.tobehitB.tohavehitC.tohavebeenhitD.to

hit45.Thiskindofsocialphenomenoncouldexistonlyforafewmonths,butitwilldisappear____.A.innotimeB.atnotimeC.atonetimeD.

atatime46.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,_____withhisoldone.A.comparingB.comparesC.tocompareD.comparedVI．默写（总分10分）注意：不用默写全文，开头已给出，从First,

开始写即可。However,theyalsocausedangertoseaanimals.First,_______________________________________________________________

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__高二周测3答案I.阅读（每题2.5，总分27.5）CBDCACBADCADCAFBDCBABCADBACDCABDADBCACBCBCCCADVI.默写（总分10分）