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书面表达高级结构我们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很

多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。一．高级词汇1．occur替换thinkofSuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.→Anideaoccurredtomet

hatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.2．devote替换spendHespendsallhissparetimeinreading.→Hedevo

tesallhissparetimetoreading.3．seek替换want/lookforTheysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.4．average替换ordinaryI’manaverage(ordinary)student.5．b

ut替换veryThefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.→Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.Thefilmwesawlastnightw

asanythingbutboring.6．seat替换sitOnhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lookingworrie

d.7．suppose替换shouldHeissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.8．appreciate替换thankThankyouverymuchforyouhelp.→Weappreciateyourhelpv

erymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.9．thecase替换trueIdon’tthinkitisthecase(true).10．on替换assoonasAssoonashearrive

d,hebeganhisresearch.→Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..11．dueto替换becauseofHearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.12．cover替换walk/readAftercovering(w

alking)10miles,weallfelttired.13．contributeto替换behelpful/usefulPlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.→Plentyofmemo

ryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.14．roundthecorner替换comingsoon/nearby①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner(coming).Doyouhaveanyplans?②

LiMingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).15．cometolight替换discoverThefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscove

redthelostjewels.→Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.16．haveaball替换haveagoodtime/enjoyoneselfAf

tervisitingtheworkshop,wewentbacktoschool.Everyoneofushadaball(hadagoodtime).17．comeupwith替换thinkofJackisveryclever.Heoftencomesupwit

h(thinksof)newideas.18．setaside替换saveSomestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.(2004天津卷)

19．beof+n.替换adj.Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.20．referto替换talkabout/of,m

entionTheprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.21．cannotbut/cannothelpbut替换havetodoIcouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.22．moreoftenthannot替换usua

llyMoreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.23．lest替换sothat/inorderthatIwroted

ownhistelephonenumbersothatIwouldnotforgetit.→IwrotedownhistelephonenumberlestI(should)forgetit.24．belongforsth./belongtodosth.替换wanttodosth./wi

shforIwanttoseeyouverymuch.→Iamlongtoseeyou.25．becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替换beinterestedinHeiscaughtupin(very

interestedin)collectingstamps.26．morethan替换very①I’mverygladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.→I’mmorethangladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.(NME

T2003)②IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.(2004全国卷)27．perfect(ly)替换good/verywellHespeaksperfect(good)

English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).28．dosba/thefavor替换helpWouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme)toturndowntheradio?29．theo

therday替换afewdaysagoTheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)30．inthecourseof替换duringInthecourseof(During)themountain-cli

mbing,pleasehelpeachotherandpayspecialattentiontoyoursafety.31．themajorityof替换mostThemajorityof(Mosto

f)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.32．consistof替换bemadeupofOurclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.33．bewornout替换be

tired/broken①Afterfivehours’non-stopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).②Myshoesarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.34．becomeof替换

happenWhatdothinkhasbecomeof(happenedto)him?35．attendto替换lookafter36．onconditionthat替换aslongas37．neve

rtheless替换however38．expressone’ssatisfactionwith替换besatisfiedwith39．sparenoeffortstodo替换tryone’sbesttodo40．manya替换many41．berushedoffone’

sfeet替换bebusyindoing42．ahandfulof替换alittle/some43．meanwhile替换atthesametime44．gettoone’sfeet替换standup45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes/once

inwhile47．forinstance替换forexample48．seldom替换notoften49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．asamatteroffact替换infact二．高级句

型结构◆It句型①Itwillbe+sometime+before…Itwon’tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.②Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.Itisveryimportantforustolearncomputerwell,be

causeithaschangedourlifesomuch.HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightsp

areparts.（2008年湖北卷）③Itis+被强调部分+that…1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.2)Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthr

oughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.◆more…thananyother表示最高级Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandcomputerstudyaremorepopularthananyoneels

e.◆名词从句①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.(2004全国卷Ⅲ)②Myhometownisnolongerw

hatitusedtobe.◆（非限制性）定语从句①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.→Theflatisina

buildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.(NMET2003)②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI’llneverforgetfortherestofmyl

ife.(2002北京卷)◆分词结构①Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandatte

ndingclassesaswell.(NMET2001)②We’llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.(2004全国卷Ⅱ)③Hearingthis,afewp

eoplebegantorunafterhim.（2004辽宁卷）④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆with结构①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,

withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyinjured.②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesuitcaseinhisleft

hand.◆倒装句①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.→Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.②Althoughweareti

red,wearehappy.→Tiredasweare,wearehappy.③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.(2002上海卷)④Mayallyourdreamscometru

e!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.(NMET2002)②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithriche

xperienceinteachingforeignstudents.(2004全国卷Ⅳ)③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.(2004江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only改成nooneb

utOnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.→NoonebutTompassedtheexam.（2）．assoonas…改成Nosooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/Th

emomentNosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.（3）．havesb/sthdo/doneThegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadhe

rlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.→Theysuggest,however,feesshou

ldbechargedlow.(NMET2002)②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.→Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithi

nk,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.(2004全国卷Ⅰ)(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseve

raldays.→Meimei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.(2002上海卷)Shakespeare,asonfromapoorf

amily,amanoflittleeducation,wroteplaysandpoemsthatarereadallovertheworld.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头W

iththesunsettinginthewest,wehadtowavegoodbyetotheworkers.Withhishelp,we'velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.（2006年湖南卷）Withthefu

nctionsofinserting,deleting,movingandcopying,itenablesustoedittest,browsewebpageanddownloadwhatwewant.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）I

nordertoimproveourEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishcontest.ⅱ）Walkingtowardsthecinema,hemetaforeigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越

长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1).表示时间顺序:first,then,afterwards,meanwhile,later，firstofall,finally,atlast…2).表示空间顺序:near,nex

tto,farfrom,infrontof,ontheleft,ononeside…3).表示比较、对照:like,unlike,suchas,but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,n

evertheless,otherwise…4).表示因果关系:because,for,asaresult,therefore,thus…5).表示递进关系:besides,what’smore,whatwasworse,moreover,furthermore,inadd

ition,ontopof…6).表示并列关系:and,aswellas,also…7).表示总结性:ingeneral,inaword,inshort,onthewhole,tosumup,inbrief,toconclude…