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书面表达高级结构我们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高

级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。一．高级词汇1．occur替换thinkofSuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.→Anideaoccurredtom

ethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.2．devote替换spendHespendsallhisspareti

meinreading.→Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.3．seek替换want/lookforTheysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthet

rees.4．average替换ordinaryI’manaverage(ordinary)student.5．but替换veryThefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.→Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothi

ngbutinteresting.Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.6．seat替换sitOnhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lo

okingworried.7．suppose替换shouldHeissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.8．appreciate替换thankThankyouverymuchforyouhelp.→Weappreciateyo

urhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.9．thecase替换trueIdon’tthinkitisthecase(true).10．on替换assoonasAssoonashearr

ived,hebeganhisresearch.→Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..11．dueto替换becauseofHearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.12

．cover替换walk/readAftercovering(walking)10miles,weallfelttired.13．contributeto替换behelpful/usefulPlentyofmemoryworkisundoubte

dlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.→PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.14．roundthecorner替换comingsoon/nearby①Thesummervaca

tionisroundthecorner(coming).Doyouhaveanyplans?②LiMingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).15．cometolight替换discoverThe

familyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.→Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.16．haveaball替换haveagoodtime/enjoyones

elfAftervisitingtheworkshop,wewentbacktoschool.Everyoneofushadaball(hadagoodtime).17．comeupwith替换thinkofJackisver

yclever.Heoftencomesupwith(thinksof)newideas.18．setaside替换saveSomestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpock

etmoneyforbooks.(2004天津卷)19．beof+n.替换adj.Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.20．referto替换talkab

out/of,mentionTheprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.21．cannotbut/cannothelpbut替换havetodoIcouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.22．mor

eoftenthannot替换usuallyMoreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.23．lest替换sothat/inorderthatIwrotedown

histelephonenumbersothatIwouldnotforgetit.→IwrotedownhistelephonenumberlestI(should)forgetit.24．belongforsth./belongtodosth.替换wanttodosth./wis

hforIwanttoseeyouverymuch.→Iamlongtoseeyou.25．becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替换be

interestedinHeiscaughtupin(veryinterestedin)collectingstamps.26．morethan替换very①I’mverygladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.→I’mmoreth

angladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.(NMET2003)②IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.(2004全国卷)27．perfect(

ly)替换good/verywellHespeaksperfect(good)English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).28．dosba/thefavor替换helpWouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme

)toturndowntheradio?29．theotherday替换afewdaysagoTheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)30．inthe

courseof替换duringInthecourseof(During)themountain-climbing,pleasehelpeachotherandpayspecialattentiontoyoursaf

ety.31．themajorityof替换mostThemajorityof(Mostof)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.32．consistof替换bemadeupo

fOurclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.33．bewornout替换betired/broken①Afterfivehours’non-stopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).②Myshoe

sarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.34．becomeof替换happenWhatdothinkhasbecomeof(happenedto)him?35．attendto替换lookafter36

．onconditionthat替换aslongas37．nevertheless替换however38．expressone’ssatisfactionwith替换besatisfiedwith39．sparenoeffortstodo替换tryone’sbesttodo40．manya

替换many41．berushedoffone’sfeet替换bebusyindoing42．ahandfulof替换alittle/some43．meanwhile替换atthesametime44．gettoone’sfeet替换sta

ndup45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes/onceinwhile47．forinstance替换forexample48．seldom替换notofte

n49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．asamatteroffact替换infact二．高级句型结构◆It句型①Itwillbe+sometime+before…Itwon’tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.②Itis+

adj./n.+forsbtodosth.Itisveryimportantforustolearncomputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossib

letofixitwithouttherightspareparts.（2008年湖北卷）③Itis+被强调部分+that…1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.2)Thosewholikereadingextensiv

elysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.◆more…thananyother表示最高级Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandcomputerstu

dyaremorepopularthananyoneelse.◆名词从句①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.(2004全国卷Ⅲ)②Myh

ometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.◆（非限制性）定语从句①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.→Thefla

tisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.(NMET2003)②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,w

hichI’llneverforgetfortherestofmylife.(2002北京卷)◆分词结构①Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingc

lassesaswell.(NMET2001)②We’llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.(20

04全国卷Ⅱ)③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.（2004辽宁卷）④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆with结构①Aterribleacci

denthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyinjured.②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesu

itcaseinhislefthand.◆倒装句①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.→Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.②Althoughwearet

ired,wearehappy.→Tiredasweare,wearehappy.③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.(2002上海卷)④Mayallyourdrea

mscometrue!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.(NMET200

2)②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.(2004全国卷Ⅳ)③Newfactories,housesandr

oadshavebeenbuilt.(2004江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only改成noonebutOnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.→NoonebutTompassedtheexam.（2）．assoonas…改成Nosooner…tha

n…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.（3）．havesb/sthdo/doneT

hegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However,theysuggestfeess

houldbechargedlow.→Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.(NMET2002)②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyout

oshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.→Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithink,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’vel

earnedChinese.(2004全国卷Ⅰ)(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.→Meim

ei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.(2002上海卷)Shakespeare,asonfromapoorfamily,amanoflittleeducation,wroteplaysandpoemstha

tarereadallovertheworld.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头Withthesunsettinginthewest,wehadtowavegoodb

yetotheworkers.Withhishelp,we'velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.（2006年湖南卷）Withthefunctionsofinserting,deleting,movingand

copying,itenablesustoedittest,browsewebpageanddownloadwhatwewant.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）InordertoimproveourEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishcont

est.ⅱ）Walkingtowardsthecinema,hemetaforeigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1).表示时间顺序:first,then,afterwards,meanwhile,later，firstof

all,finally,atlast…2).表示空间顺序:near,nextto,farfrom,infrontof,ontheleft,ononeside…3).表示比较、对照:like,unlike,suchas,but,however,ontheotherhand,onthec

ontrary,nevertheless,otherwise…4).表示因果关系:because,for,asaresult,therefore,thus…5).表示递进关系:besides,what’smore,whatwasworse,moreove

r,furthermore,inaddition,ontopof…6).表示并列关系:and,aswellas,also…7).表示总结性:ingeneral,inaword,inshort,onthewhole,tosumu

p,inbrief,toconclude…