江苏省南京师范大学附属中学2020届高三下学期六月押题英语试题 【精准解析】

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江苏省南京师范大学附属中学2020届高三下学期六月押题英语试题 【精准解析】
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南师大附中2020届高三下学期六月押题英语试卷满分120分,考试时间120分钟。第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段

对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthemanplayvolleyball?A.Today.B.Thisweekend.C.Todayandtomorrow.2.

Howmuchwillthewomanspend?A.$220.B.$230.C.$250.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Ayellowcoat.C.Europeanpaintings.4.Whatwillthem

anprobablydowiththecomputer?A.Giveittothewoman.B.Haveitfixed.C.Getanewone.5.Whyisthegirl'sfatherspecial?A.Hefindstimeforhiskids.B.Hehasanimportantjob

.C.Hemakestimeforhimself.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题

5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whendidthemanstartdrawing?A.Sixyearsago.B.Fiveyearsago.C.Wh

enhewasfiveyearsold.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman'sart?A.Shethinksitisgreat.B.Sheistooshytotellhim.C.Shelikeshisphotogr

aphythemost.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whichcountrieshasthewomanalreadybeento?A.SingaporeandAmerica.B.CanadaandAustralia.C.ChinaandKorea.9.Whatcan

welearnaboutNorway?A.Itisalwayscoldalloverthecountry.B.Itsnowsalmosteverywhereinwinter.C.It'sverydryinsummer.听第8段材料

,回答第10至12题。10.Whywillthemanbelate?A.He'sstuckintraffic.B.Hehadanaccident.C.Hedidn'tmakeitontothebridgein

time.11.Whenistheplanescheduledtoleave?A.In45minutes.B.Intwohours.C.In30minutes.12.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Positive.B.

Stressedout.C.Apologetic.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whydidthemangetanewjob?A.Hewantedtoworkclosertohishouse.B.Hewantedto

makemoremoney.C.Hisoldjobwastoostressful.14.Whatdidthemanprobablydoathislastjob?A.Driveacar.B.Handlemoney.C.Lookafter

patients.15.Wheredoestheman'smotherlive?A.InChicago.B.InCalifornia.C.InNewYork.16.Whatwillthemandoinayear?A.Movebacktowhe

rehisfamilylive.B.Gainmoreexperienceinthehospital.C.Findenoughtimetovisithisparents.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhereisWashingtonSquareParkloca

ted?A.InUpperManhattan.B.Between6thSt.and4thSt.C.IntheWashingtonVillageneighborhood.18.WhatistrueaboutWashingto

nSquarePark?A.Itcoverstencityblocks.B.Dogshavetheirownareastoplay.C.Eatinganddrinkingarenotallowed.19.Whoespeciallylikesthepark'sfounta

inarea?A.Artists.B.Students.C.Children.20.WhenwastheWashingtonArchbuilt?A.In1889.B.In1806.C.In1871.第二部分:英语基础知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每

小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。1.InChina,“mythicalcreatures”isusedtodescribetroublesomes

choolchildren________behaviorsdrivetheirparentscrazy.A.whoseB.whenC.whoD.ofwhom【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在中国,“神话生物”被用来形容麻烦的学童,其行为使父母发疯。分析句子结构可知,空

格处引导定语从句。behaviors和先行词schoolchildren存在所属关系,behaviors是先行词schoolchildren所具有的,因此使用whose修饰behaviors作定语来引导定语从句。在定语从句中“whose+

名词”可转换为“ofwhich/whom+the+名词”或“the+名词+ofwhich/whom”。若选择D项的话,题干中缺定冠词the。故选A。2.Withoutcoconuts,mostofthetropicalislandsintheSouth

Pacific________uninhabitableforbothanimalsandpeople.A.musthaveremainedB.mayhaveremainedC.needhaveremainedD.woul

dhaveremained【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查含蓄条件句。句意:如果没有椰子的话,大多数南太平洋的热带岛屿对于人和动物而言都将会不适宜居住。本处考查含蓄条件句,这里从句可以用另外一种形式Iftherewerenococonuts,表示与过去事实相反的假设,主句结构:主语+shoul

d(would,could,might)+现在完成时+其他。故选D。【点睛】在表示虚拟假设的虚拟语气中,有时候假设的条件并不以条件句的形式表达出来,而是通过上下文或者句子的内在逻辑关系,这时候就是含蓄条件句,主要通过名词,连接词,不定式,分

词,介词短语和分句来暗示,这里就是用短语withoutcoconuts来暗示3.To________Darwinandhisidea,NationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryinWashingtoncre

atedaspecialexhibit,showingrespectforthegenius.A.celebrateB.promoteC.exploreD.inspect【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:为了颂扬达尔文和他的思想,华盛顿国家自然历史博物馆创办了一个特殊的展览,对这位

天才表达敬意。A.celebrate庆祝,颂扬;B.promote提升;C.explore探索;D.inspect检查,视察。根据“createdaspecialexhibit,showingrespectforthegeniu

s”可知,此处表示为了“颂扬”达尔文和他的思想,其他选项不符合语境,故选A项。4.Thepandemichasfundamentallyalteredconsumerbehaviorandenterpriseoperations,________digitaladopt

ionandtransformationanecessity.A.tomakeB.makingC.havingmadeD.made【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意:这场流行病从根本上改变了消费者行为和企业运营,使得数字化的采

用和转型成为必要。分析句子可知,make与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作结果状语。故选B项。5.Thereismoretogoodhealththanthemere________ofdisease.Mentalhealthisequallyimportant.A.pr

esenceB.absenceC.experienceD.evidence【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:健康不仅仅指不生病,还包括更多,心理健康同样重要。A.presence存在;B.absence缺乏;C.experience经历,

经验;D.evidence证据。根据“Mentalhealthisequallyimportant.”可知,健康不仅仅指不生病。故选B。6.EachroadleadstoRome.Ifyoucan'tget________youwanttogobyoneroad,

justtryanother.A.whatB.howC.whichD.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:条条大路通罗马,如果你不能从一条路到达你想去的地方,就试试另一条路。get后接宾语从

句,根据“byoneroad,justtryanother.”可知,空处缺少表示地点的连接副词。故选D项。7.Arrivingtooearlytoadinnerpartycouldappearslightlyrudeifthehost________theirpreparations

.A.completesB.iscompletingC.completedD.hascompleted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:如果主人在完成准备工作期间,客人过早参加晚宴,可能会显得有些粗鲁。使用现在进行时表示主人正在准备晚宴的时候,

客人来到了现场。这是不礼貌的做法。故选B。8.Ourlossesareincrediblysmall,viewed________whathasbeenaccomplished.A.inthecaseo

fB.intheinterestofC.intheeventofD.inthelightof【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:从所取得的成就来看,我们的损失非常小。A.inthecaseof假使,如果发生;B.intheinterest

of为……利益;C.intheeventof如果是那样子的话,假若;D.inthelightof根据,比照,从……观点看。根据前面的我们的损失非常小,可知,从所取得的成就来看,我们的损失非常小。inthelightof意思为“根据,比照,从……观点看”,故选D。9.—Ifyoudon'

tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem,whynotconsultwithJim?—Goodidea!________afterall.A.GreatmindsthinkalikeB.TwoheadsarebetterthanoneC.Everycoinhastwo

sidesD.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查谚语。句意:——如果你不知道怎么处理这个问题,为什么不找Jim一起商量呢?——好主意!毕竟人多力量大。A.G

reatmindsthinkalike英雄所见略同;B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone人多力量大;C.Everycoinhastwosides凡事有利弊;D.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebu

sh.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。前文说到要找Jim讨论,这里不知道如何处理问题,所以两个人思考比一个人要更有办法,所以符合B选项说“人多力量大”。故选B项。10.Fannyasked________madethatod

d­lookinglittlecatsopopular.A.whatwasitthatB.watwasthatC.whatitwasthatD.whatthatwas【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意:他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改变了主意。根据句

意,他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改变了主意。分析句子可知,空格处引导宾语从句作asked的宾语,从句中缺少表语,所以应用what引导。又因为从句中包含一个强调句,所以应用“itis(was)that+其他”的结构,强调宾语从句的主语wh

at,故此处应为whatitwasthat。故正确答案为C。11.ThisfluseasonintheU.S.beganearlierthanusualandstarted________inmid­NovemberwithanincreaseofinfluenzaB.A.building

upB.pilingupC.risingupD.pickingup【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:美国的这次流感季比往常开始的早,并且随B型流感的增加,在11月中旬就开始得病。A.buildingup增进

;B.pilingup堆积;C.risingup上升;D.pickingup得病;染上。根据上文提到的Thisfluseason和下文的withanincreaseofinfluenzaB.可推断,此处指开始染病。故选D项。【点睛】本小题主要考查动词短语的辨析,buildup译为“逐步增长,造

舆论”,pilingup译为“堆起,故意压人”,risingup译为“站起来”,pickup译为“拾起,捡起,得病,取走,搭载”。12.Alltheinformationavailablehasbee

nchecked,but________isdirectlyrelevanttothismurdercase.A.nothingB.itC.nooneD.none【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查代词辨析。句意:所有可用的信息都已经检查过,但没有一个与该谋杀案有直接的

关系。A.nothing没有什么;B.it它;C.noone没有人;D.none没有一个(人或事物)。noone只用于指人。all表示“全部的”,but表示转折,all的否定应使用none,即可以理解为“noneoftheinformationisdirectlyrele

vanttothismurdercase”,而nothing不与of连用。故选D。13.Chinaisplayingakeyroleincontrollingthevirus.However,itwilltakelongandmucheffort________itisund

ercontrol.A.untilB.afterC.beforeD.unless【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连词辨析。句意:中国在控制病毒方面发挥着关键作用。但是,需要很长时间并付出很大努力才能控制

住它。A.until直到……时;B.after在……之后;C.before在……之前,在(一段时间)之后才……;D.unless除非,如果不。before的基本含义是“在……之前”,又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就……”、“就”等。before在这里引导时间状

语从句,可译为“才”。故选C。14.Todayisadayofcelebration,adayforyoutobeproudofallthehardworkthat________youtothispla

cewhereyoucansit.A.getsB.wouldgetC.hadgotD.got【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查一般过去时。句意:今天是值得庆祝的日子,是你为自己的努力工作感到骄傲的一天,正是这些努力

工作让你们走到今天这个位置,让你们能够坐在这里。分析句子可知,that引导定语从句修饰先行词allthehardwork,空处是定语从句的谓语动词,由时间状语Today及语境可知,get表示的动作发生在今天之前,应使用一般过去时。故选D项。15.—Wearegoingtohave

apicnicthisafternoon.Areyouexcited?—________.A.YouknowB.YoubetC.YounameitD.Youmeanit【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际用语。句意:——今天下午我

们要去野餐。你兴奋吗?——当然。A.Youknow你知道;B.Youbet肯定地,当然;C.Younameit凡是你能说出的;D.Youmeanit你是说真的。对方问去野餐兴不兴奋,回答者说“当然”,应用“Youbet”更符合语境。故选

B。第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。SouthCarolinaismyhomestateandIamtheaunt,granddaughter,daughter,andsisterofBaptis

tministers(牧师).ThechurchwasacenterofBlackchildren'ssocial___16___andcaringBlackadultswerebuffers(缓冲)againstthesegregated(种族

隔离的)andhostileoutsideworldthattoldusweweren't___17___.Butourparentssaiditwasn'tso,ourteacherssaiditwasn'tso,andourministerssaiditwasn

'tso.The___18___ofmychildhoodwasclear:letnomanorwoman___19___onyou,andlookdownonnomanorwoman.Wecouldn'tplayin

publicplaygroundsorsitatdrugstorelunchcountersand___20___aCoke,soDaddybuiltaplaygroundandcanteenbehindthechurch.Infact,wheneverhesawaneed,he

triedto___21___.TherewerenoBlackhomesfortheagedinBennestsville,sohebeganoneacrossthestreetforwhichheandMamaandwechildrencookedand___22___andclea

ned.Welearnedearlywhatourparentsandextendedcommunity“parents”valued.Childrenwere___23___—notbysermonizing(说教),butbypersonalexam

ple—that___24___wastoolowlytodo.IrememberadebatemyparentshadwhenIwaseightornineasfor____25____Iwastooy

oungtogowithmyolderbrother,Harry,tohelpcleanthebedandbedsoresofaverysick,poorwoman.Iwentandlearnedjusthowmuchthe____26____helpinghandsandkindnesscan

meantoapersoninneed.Theadultsinourchurchesandcommunitymadechildrenfeel____27____andimportant.Theytooktimeandpaidattentiontous.Theytriedtofindwaystok

eepusbusy.And____28____lifewasoftenhardandresources____29____,wealwaysknewwhowewereandthatthe____30____o

fourworthwasinsideourheadsandheartsandnotoutsideinourpossessionsoronourbacks.Weweretoldthatthe____31____hadalotofpr

oblems;thatBlackpeoplehadanextralotofproblems;butthatwewereableand____32____tostruggleandchangethem;thatbeingpoorwasno____33_

___fornotachieving;andthatextraintellectualandmaterialgiftsbrought____34____themtheprivilegeandresponsibilityofsharingwithothersless____35__

__.16.A.attitudeB.existenceC.backgroundD.media17.A.friendlyB.powerfulC.importantD.intelligent18.A.adv

antageB.visionC.directionD.message19.A.comedownB.lookdownC.catchupD.giveup20.A.orderB.shareC.makeD.find21

.A.researchB.replyC.respondD.reflect22.A.playedB.ateC.helpedD.served23.A.rewardedB.disciplinedC.taughtD.asses

sed24.A.nothingB.somethingC.everythingD.anything25.A.whyB.whetherC.whereD.how26.A.greatestB.smallestC.strongestD.weakest27.A.impress

edB.accomplishedC.valuedD.protected28.A.sinceB.unlessC.beforeD.while29.A.scarceB.preciousC.necessaryD.a

vailable30.A.securityB.defenseC.descriptionD.measure31.A.worldB.communityC.peopleD.church32.A.contentedB.obligedC.relievedD.delight

ed33.A.conditionB.exceptionC.reasonD.excuse34.A.forB.toC.withD.in35.A.fortunateB.smartC.wealthyD.kind【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.B20.A21.C22.D2

3.C24.A25.B26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D31.A32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者记叙了自己的童年因为外界对于黑人的隔离和敌对,在外界生存充满了障碍,在这样的情况下作者的父亲

还是对人们的需要做出回应。文章还说明了社区成年人对于孩子们的教育问题,他们让孩子们感到被重视和重要,花时间关注他们。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:教堂是黑人儿童社会生存的中心,有爱心的黑人成年人是对抗隔离和

敌对的外部世界的缓冲,外部世界告诉我们,我们不重要。A.attitude态度;B.existence生存,存在;C.background背景;D.media媒体。结合后文Wecouldn'tplayinpublicplaygroundsorsitatdrugstore

lunchcounters可知儿童不能在公共操场上玩耍,也不能坐在药店的午餐柜台前买可乐,所以教堂就是黑人儿童社会生存的中心。故选B。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:教堂是黑人儿童社会生存的中心,有爱心的黑人成年人是对抗隔离和敌对的外部世界的缓冲,外部世界告诉我们,我们不重要。

A.friendly友好的;B.powerful强大的;C.important重要的;D.intelligent聪明的。结合上文的描述segregatedandhostileoutsideworld可知外面的世界对黑人是隔离

和具有敌意的,认为黑人对社会来说不重要。其他选项不符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我童年的信息很清楚:不要让任何男人或女人轻视你,也不要轻视任何男人或女人。A.advantage优势;B.vision视力;C.direction方向;D.messa

ge信息。结合后文letnomanorwoman…onyou,andlookdownonnomanorwoman可知“不要让任何男人或女人轻视你,也不要让任何男人或女人轻视你”是作者童年接收到的信息。故选D。【19题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我童年的信息很清楚:不要让任何男人或女人轻视你,

也不要轻视任何男人或女人。A.comedown下来;B.lookdown俯视;C.catchup赶上;D.giveup放弃。结合后文andlookdownonnomanorwoman可知此处指不要让任何男人或女人

轻视自己。故选B。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们不能在公共操场上玩耍,也不能坐在药店的午餐柜台前点可乐,所以爸爸在教堂后面建了一个操场和食堂。A.order点餐,命令;B.share分享;C.make制作;D.fin

d找到。结合上文atdrugstorelunchcounters可知是指坐在药店的午餐柜台前点可乐喝,故选A。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:事实上,每当他看到需要的时候,他都试图做出回应。A.research研究;B.reply答复;C.respond回应;D.reflect反

映。结合上文Infact,wheneverhesawaneed,hetriedto可知是指父亲对需要做出回应。reply多指对某陈述或主张的回答,respond多指对号召、职责等作出响应或反应;偏重于用行动回答或响

应,此处应用respond更符合语境。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在本尼斯维尔没有黑人养老院,所以他在街对面开了一家,由他和妈妈还有我们这些孩子做饭、服务和打扫卫生。A.played玩耍;B.ate吃;C.helped帮助;D.served招待,服务。结合上文hebe

ganoneacrossthestreetforwhichheandMamaandwechildrencookedand老师父亲开了一家养老院,由作者和妈妈在里面做饭、服务和打扫卫生。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:孩子们被教导——不是通过说教,而是通过个人例子——没有什么事情是

不能做的。A.rewarded奖赏;B.disciplined使有纪律;C.taught教导,教;D.assessed评估。结合后文notbysermonizing可知孩子们是被父母教导的,而不是一味地说教。故选C。【24题详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意:孩子

们被教导——不是通过说教,而是通过个人例子——没有什么事情是不能做的。A.nothing没有什么;B.something某事;C.everything一切;D.anything任何事。结合后文作者父母争论作者是否能

够去帮助人,可推知孩子们被教导没有什么事情是不能做的,最小的帮助也是有益的。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词性从句。句意:我记得在我八九岁的时候,父母曾争论过我是否太小,不能陪我的哥哥哈里去帮一个病重、可怜的女人打扫床和褥疮。此处为宾语从句,从句中不少成分,表示“是否”应用whethe

r。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我去了解了最小的帮助之手和善良对一个需要帮助的人意味着什么。A.greatest最伟大的;B.smallest最小的;C.strongest最强壮的;D.weakest最弱的。结合上文Iwastooyoungtogow

ithmyolderbrother可知此处指的是最小的帮助之手。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们教会和社区的成年人让孩子们感到被重视和重要。A.impressed印象深刻的;B.accomplished完成的;C.valued被重视的;D.protected受保

护的。结合后文andimportant可知是指让孩子们感到被重视和重要。故选C。【28题详解】考查连接词辨析。句意:虽然生活通常很艰难,资源也很匮乏,但我们总是知道自己是谁,我们的价值是在我们的头脑和内心中衡量的,而不是外在的财产或背上。A.si

nce既然;B.unless除非;C.before在……之前;D.while虽然,当……时候。此处为while引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然生活通常很艰难,资源也很匮乏,但我们总是知道自己是谁,我们的价值是在我们的头脑和内心中衡量的,而

不是外在的财产或背上。A.scarce匮乏的;B.precious宝贵的;C.necessary必要的;D.available可获得的。结合上文lifewasoftenhardandresources可知生活艰难,资源匮乏。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然生活

通常很艰难,资源也很匮乏,但我们总是知道自己是谁,我们的价值是在我们的头脑和内心中衡量的,而不是外在的财产或背上。A.security安全;B.defense防御;C.description描述;D.measure衡量,措施。结

合后文ofourworthwasinsideourheadsandhearts可知此处表示价值是在头脑和内心中衡量(measure)的。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们被告知,这个世界有很多问题;黑人有额外的很多问题;但我们有能力也有义务

去奋斗和改变它们;贫穷不是不成功的借口;额外的智力和物质天赋带来了与其他不幸者分享的特权和责任。A.world世界;B.community社区;C.people人们;D.church教堂。结合上文内容可知外面的世界对黑人存在敌意,觉得黑人不重要,因此

此处指世界(world)有很多问题。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们被告知,这个世界有很多问题;黑人有额外的很多问题;但我们有能力也有义务去奋斗和改变它们;贫穷不是不成功的借口;额外的智力和物质天赋带来了与其他不幸者分享的特权和责任。A.contented满足的;B.obl

iged有责任的,必须的;C.relieved放心的;D.delighted高兴的。结合上文Blackpeoplehadanextralotofproblems;butthatwewereableand可知but表示转折,说明黑人有额外的很多问题;但

我们有能力也有责任去奋斗和改变它们。beobligedto“有义务”。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们被告知,这个世界有很多问题;黑人有额外的很多问题;但我们有能力也有义务去奋斗和改变它们;贫穷不是不成功的借口;额外的智力和物质天赋带

来了与其他不幸者分享的特权和责任。A.condition条件;B.exception例外;C.reason理由;D.excuse借口。结合上下文语境beingpoorwasno…fornotachieving可知作者认为不成功不能用贫穷

作为借口。故选D。【34题详解】考查介词辨析。句意:我们被告知,这个世界有很多问题;黑人有额外的很多问题;但我们有能力也有义务去奋斗和改变它们;贫穷不是不成功的借口;额外的智力和物质天赋带来了与其他不幸者分享的特权和责任。A.for为了;B.to

朝向;C.with和;D.in在里面。此处考查短语bringwith表示“带来”。指额外的智力和物质天赋带来了与其他不幸者分享的特权和责任。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我我们被告知,这个世界有很多问题;黑人有额外的很多问题;但

我们有能力也有义务去奋斗和改变它们;贫穷不是不成功的借口;额外的智力和物质天赋带来了与其他不幸者分享的特权和责任。A.fortunate幸运的;B.smart聪明的;C.wealthy富有的;D.kind亲切的。有额外智力和物质天赋的人,应当是与没那么幸运(fortunate)的

人分享特权和责任,二者形成对比。故选A。第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AKeepShowerDoorsSpotlessLongerWater­repellingsprays(suchasRai

n­X)aren'tjustgreatforyourcar.Applyingacoattoyourshowerdoorswillpreventthebuildupofmildew(霉菌)andotherresidue.PickUpGlassFra

gmentsEasilyCollectingthelargerpiecesofabrokenglassordishisusuallyeasyenough,butpickingupthosetinysliversandshardscanbetricky.Onewaytodoiti

stopressasliceofsoftbreadoverthearea.Justbecarefulnottocutyourselfwhenyoutossthebreadinthegarbage.SweetenYourYogurtWithoutSugarFlavoredyogurt

softencontaindozensofgramsofsugar,butplainyogurtcanbeprettyblah.Addflavorwithoutmanycalorieswithafewdropsofvanilla,mint,oralmondextract.Youcanalsom

icrowaveyourfavouriteintoacompote(蜜饯)and,onceit'scool,swirlitintotheyogurt.SpendLessonHotelRoomsWeekendbookerstendtoluckoutwhe

nitcomestosnaggingthebestrate.PricesarelowestonFridaysandSaturdays,accordingtothemostrecentdatafromtrave

lsitekayak.com.AbsolutelyavoidbookingonMondays,Tuesdays,andWednesdays,whenpricesarehighest.36.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.

A.coveringtheshowerdoorwithyourcoatkeepsitspotlesslongerB.softbreadcanbeusedtopickuptinyglassfragmentsC.yogurtcanbemadesweeterifyouaddyourfavouritef

ruitandmicrowaveitD.pricesofhotelroomsarethelowestonFridaysandSaturdays37.Inwhichnewspapercolumncanthearticlemostprobablybefound?

A.Dramainreallife.B.Everydaymiracles.C.Tellyourstories.D.Wefoundafix.【答案】36.B37.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了解决生活中的一些问题的小妙招,包括:如何保持淋浴门长时间的一尘不

染;如何轻松拾起玻璃碎片;不含糖即可使酸奶变甜的办法;如何减少在酒店客房上的消费。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据PickUpGlassFragmentsEasily中的“Collectingthelargerpiecesof

abrokenglassordishisusuallyeasyenough,butpickingupthosetinysliversandshardscanbetricky.Onewaytodoitist

opressasliceofsoftbreadoverthearea.”可知,收集玻璃杯或盘子的较大碎块通常很容易,但是捡起那些细小的碎片可能很棘手。一种方法是在该区域上压一片软面包,将细小的碎块沾起来。即软面包可以被用来捡起微小的

玻璃碎片。故选B。【37题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍了解决生活中的一些问题的小妙招,包括:如何保持淋浴门长时间的一尘不染;如何轻松拾起玻璃碎片;不含糖即可使酸奶变甜的办法;如何减少在酒店客房上的消费。由此可知,这些内容可以出现在报纸上的“我们有办法”的栏目中

。故选D。BRiversareearthlyarteries(要道)forthenutrients,depositsandfreshwaterthatsustainhealthy,diverseecosystems.Theirin

fluenceextendsinmultipledimensions—notonlyalongtheirlengthbutbelow­groundtoaquifers(蓄水层)andperiodicallyintonearbyfloodplains.Theyalsopr

ovidevitalservicesforpeoplebyfertilizingagriculturallandandfeedingkeyfisheriesandbyactingastransportationcorridors.Butineffortstoeaseshipp

assage,protectcommunitiesfromflooding,anddrawoffwaterfordrinkingandirrigation,humanshaveincreasinglyconstrainedandbrokenthesecrucialw

aterways.“Wetrytocontrolriversasmuchaspossible,”saysGuntherGrill,ahydrologistatMcGillUniversity.InnewresearchpublishedinMayinNature,Grillandh

iscolleaguesanalyzedthebarriersto12milliontotalkilometersofriversaroundtheworld.Theteamdevelopedanindex(指数)that

evaluatessixaspectsofconnectivity—fromphysicalfragmentation(bydams,forexample)toflowregulation(bydams

orlevees)towaterconsumption—alongariver’svariousdimension.Riverswhoseindexesmeetacertainthreshold(临界值)forbeinglargelyabletofollowtheirnaturalpattern

swereconsideredfree­flowing.Theresearchersfoundthatamongriverslongerthan1,000kilometers(whichtendtobesomeofthosemostimportanttohumanacti

vities),only37percentarenotblockedalongtheirentirelengths.Mostofthemareinareaswithaminimalhumanpresence

,includingtheAmazonandCongobasinsandtheArctic.Onthecontrary,mostriversshorterthan100kilometersappearedtoflowfreely—buttheda

taonthemarelesscomprehensive,andsomebarriersmighthavebeenmissed.Only23percentofthesubsetofthelongestriversthatconnecttothe

oceanareuninterrupted.Fortherest,humaninfrastructureisstarvingestuaries(河口)anddeltas(suchastheMississipp

iDelta)ofkeynutrients.Theworld'sestimated2.8milliondamsarethemaincause,controllingwaterflowandtrappingdeposits.Thenewresearchcouldbeusedtobetter

understandhowproposeddams,leveesandothersuchprojectsmightimpactriverconnectivity,aswellaswheretoremovethesefixturestobestrestorenaturalflow.Itc

ouldalsohelpinformourapproachtoriversastheclimatechanges,saysAnneJefferson,ahydrologistatKentStateUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthework

.Existinginfrastructure,shesays,“hasessentiallybeenbuilttoapastclimatethatwearenotinanymoreandareincreasinglymovingawayfrom.”38.Accordingtothe

passage,whichofthefollowingisNOTafunctionofrivers?A.Easingshippassage.B.Fertilizingagriculturalland.C.Transpo

rtingpeopleorgoods.D.Sustaininghealthyecosystems.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“constrained”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Exhaust

ed.B.Restricted.C.Consumed.D.Expanded.40.Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph4refersto“________”.A.earthl

yarteriesB.humanactivitiesC.entirelengthsD.unblockedrivers41.WhatdoesAnneJeffersonmeanbytheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph

?A.Existinginfrastructurehasbeenperfectlybuilt.B.Existinginfrastructuredoesn'tdependonthepastclimate.C.Existin

ginfrastructuredeterminesthefutureclimate.D.Existinginfrastructuredoesn’tfitthechangingclimate.【答案】38.A39.B40.D41.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了河流在维护健康生态系统、促进农

业发展及运输方面发挥的作用,但是人类活动对于河流功能的发挥产生了很大的不利影响,要结合气候条件调整水利设施的建设。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据前两段中的“Riversareearthlyarteries(要道)forthenutrients,

depositsandfreshwaterthatsustainhealthy,diverseecosystems.Theyalsoprovidevitalservicesforpeoplebyfertilizingagriculturallandan

dfeedingkeyfisheriesandbyactingastransportationcorridors.Butineffortstoeaseshippassage…humanshaveincreasinglyconstraine

dandbrokenthesecrucialwaterways.”可知,河流是维持健康多样生态系统所需要的养分,沉积物和淡水的运输通道。它们还通过给农业土地施肥和为主要渔业提供食物以及充当运输走廊,为人们提供重要的服务。但是,在努力减轻船舶通行

压力和保护社区免受洪水侵袭方面,人类越来越多地限制和破坏了这些关键的河流。”由此可知A项(努力减轻船舶通行压力。)不是河流发挥的功能。故选A。【39题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“brokenthesecrucialwaterways.Wetrytoc

ontrolriversasmuchaspossible.”可知,人类越来越多地破坏了这些关键的河流,因为人们试图尽可能地控制河流。and之前的动词与and之后的内容在意义是相近的,即人类“控制”河流的活动对河流应该发

挥的作用产生了消极的影响,结合选项可知,restricted(限制)能够符合语意的需要。故选B。【40题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundthatamongriversl

ongerthan1,000kilometers,only37percentarenotblockedalongtheirentirelengths.Mostofthemareinareaswithaminimal

humanpresence,includingtheAmazonandCongobasinsandtheArctic.”可知,研究人员发现,在长度超过1000公里的河流中,只有37%的河流在整个长度上都没有被阻塞。它们中的大多数位于

很少有人居住的地区,包括亚马逊河和刚果盆地以及北极地区。因此them指代的是“只有37%在整个长度上都没有被阻塞的河流”,即D项(畅通的河流)。故选D。【41题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知,这项新研究可以用来更好地理解拟建的水坝,堤坝和其他类似项目如何

影响河流的连通性,以及在何处拆除这些固定装置以最好地恢复自然流量。肯特州立大学水文学家安妮·杰斐逊(AnneJefferson)说,这也可以帮助我们了解随着气候变化而对河流的处理方式。她说,现有的基础设

施是在过去的气候条件下建设的,我们现在的气候条件已经不是过去那样了,并且正在逐渐地发生变化。”即AnneJefferson所说的话意味着:现有的基础设施无法适应不断变化的气候。故选D。CAreyouawarethateverysinglepersononthisplanetwhoha

severlived,livesnoworwilllive,hasadifferentperceptionofreality?Thewayeachofusperceivestheworldistosomedegreedifferentthananyotherper

son'sperceptionofreality.__①__Whatisabsolutelyrealandrightforyoumaybeanillusion,ornonexistent,orcompletelyfalseforanother!It'simportanttokno

wthis.__②__Forexample,thenewsmedialovestocreatedrama,andoneoftheirfavoritemethodsistoelicit(引起)fear:fearofotherpeople,fearofthew

eather,fearoftheeconomy,etc.Thenewsmediatellsushowtoperceivetheworld—andifapersontakesthenewscastersa

ttheirword,theyperceivetheworldtobeverydangerousandhostile.Tothatperson,thementalimagesandemotionssuggestedbyoth

erpeoplecreateaversionofrealitythatiscompletelydifferentfromtherealityperceivedbysomeonewhodoesnotwatchthenews.Thingsarenotalwayswh

attheyseem.Formostpeople,seeingisbelieving,whichiswhymagicians,artistsandmarketersaresosuccessful.Justliketh

eTVnews,theyshowyouonlywhattheywantyoutoseeanditisperceivedasreality.Buthowwouldthatrealitychangeifyousawwhatwentonbehindthescenesorwh

atwasleftout?What'syourstory?Weallhaveastory.Overtime,yourstorytakesonalifeofitsownandyoubecomeyourstory.Butwho'stheauthorandwh

ydidhimputsomuchcrapinthere?Allthatunnecessarysuffering,struggle,heartache,worryandpainwouldn'titbebettertoliveastorywithoutallthat?Whowantst

oliveinastorywiththatmuchboredomandunfulfilledlongings?Thestorygotitsstartwhenyouwereborn,andwasco­authoredbyyoualongwiththeinfluencesinyo

urlife.__③__Anytimeyouwereinfluencedbysomeoneorsomething,youunconsciouslyhandedyourpenoverandsaid“Here,youwritethisaboutme.”Soyouarenot

evenwritingyourOWNstory!Noonedoes—untiltheyrecognizethatfact,andmakeaconsciousdecisiontotakecontrolof

thepen.YouCANwriteyourstorythewayyouwantittoplayout.________________Itishelpfultounderstandhowthebraintakesrealityandfiltersittocreateyouruniqueperc

eptionofreality.It'sanautomaticunconsciousactionthatisbasedon:●Physicalexperiences(whichiswhysomeopticalillu

sionsareextremelyunsettling)●Pastconditioning(howyouareprogrammedtoseetheworld)__④__Whenyoubecomeawareofthefactthatyouareconstructingyourownr

eality,youcantakechargeandbuildonethatismorepleasing.Ifyouchangeyourmind,yourvibrationandyourintentio

ns,youcanchangeyourcircumstances!Insteadof,“Iamavictimofcircumstance,”imprintinyourmind,“Iamtheco­creatorofmylife”;I

nsteadof,“Iamsickandtiredof”imprintinyourmind,“IamincontrolandenthusiasticaboutwhatIdo”.Raiseyourvibrationbythinking,talkingandactingmorepositive

ly.Aspositivenessbecomesamentalhabit,thatchangewillbecomeyournewinnerreality,whichwillsoonmanifestinyourouterreality.Thepowerofpercepti

onisimmense.Choosetoseemoregoodthanbad,moreabundancethanlack,morelovethanindifferenceandmoresuccessthanstruggle.42.Howdoestheauthorp

resenthisviewpointsinthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Byansweringquestions.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bydrawingconclusions

.43.Thesentence“Becauseifyouarenotaware,yourperception,worldviewandrealityarecreatedbyotherpeople.”shouldbep

utin________.A.①B.②C.③D.④44.Whichofthefollowingsubtitlescanbefilledintheblank?A.SeeingisnotbelievingB.LiveuptoyourexpectationsC.Changeyourperc

eptionandcreateanewrealityD.Physicalexperiencesandpastconditioningreallycount45.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?A.Instructive.B.Humorous.C.Critical.

D.Ironic.【答案】42.B43.B44.C45.A【解析】【分析】本篇是议论文,我们每个人感知世界的方式在某种程度上都不同于其他人对现实的感知。对你来说绝对真实和正确的东西可能是一种幻觉,或者根本不存在,或者对另一个人来说是完全错误的!。生活中有很多因素在影响着我们的感知,每个人都

会在生活中基于自己的经历和故事而产生感知,感知的力量是巨大的。所以选择更多的去看到好的一面而不是坏的,看到更充实的而不是缺乏,看到更多爱而不是冷漠,看到更多成功而不是挣扎。【42题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段引出话题,第二段“Forexample,thenewsmedialovestocrea

tedrama,andoneoftheirfavoritemethodsistoelicit(引起)fear:fearofotherpeople,fearoftheweather,fearoftheeconomy,etc.例如,新

闻媒体喜欢制造戏剧,他们最喜欢的方法之一就是引发恐惧:对他人的恐惧、对天气的恐惧、对经济的恐惧等等。”是第一个例子,第三段“.JustliketheTVnews,theyshowyouonlywhattheywantyoutoseeanditis

perceivedasreality.就像电视新闻一样,他们只向你展示他们想让你看到的东西,这些东西被认为是真实的。”是第二个例子,由此判断出作者是通过举例子来呈现观点的。故选B项。【43题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Thenewsmediatellsushowt

operceivetheworld—andifapersontakesthenewscastersattheirword,theyperceivetheworldtobeverydangerousandhost

ile.”新闻媒体告诉我们怎么去认识世界,如果一个人是新闻播报员,那么他们认识的世界就是非常危险和有敌意的,提到关键词perceive和world。后文“Tothatperson,thementalimagesandemotionssuggestedbyotherpeoplecre

ateaversionofrealitythatiscompletelydifferentfromtherealityperceivedbysomeonewhodoesnotwatchthenews.”对于那个人来说,被别人建议的心里的形象和情感会创造出一种事实,

这种事实完全不同于没有看过新闻的人对事实的认识,提到关键词reality,由此判断出“因为如果你没有意识到,你的感知、世界观和现实都是别人创造的”这里应该放在第二段最合适。故选B项。【44题详解】推理判断题。由划线部分后一句“Itishelpfultounders

tandhowthebraintakesrealityandfiltersittocreateyouruniqueperceptionofreality.”这有助于理解大脑如何接受现实并过滤它,以创造你对现实的独特感知。由此判断出C选项“改变你的

看法,创造一个新的现实”为本段的副标题,与下文话题一致。故选C项。【45题详解】推理判断题。通读全文尤其是文章最后一段说到“Thepowerofperceptionisimmense.Choosetoseemore

goodthanbad,moreabundancethanlack,morelovethanindifferenceandmoresuccessthanstruggle.”认知的力量是巨大的,选择更多的去看到好的一面而不是坏的,看到更充实的而不是缺乏,看到更多爱而不是冷漠,看到更

多成功而不是挣扎。作者最后一段告诉读者要以积极的心态看待世界,文章多用祈使句,由此判断出短文富有教育意义。故选A项。【点睛】整篇文章难度较大,比较抽象,第二题是需要把句子放在合适的位置,解决此类题型需要学生充分联系前句和后句之间的关系,解题方法是找到关键词。由文章第二段“Then

ewsmediatellsushowtoperceivetheworld—andifapersontakesthenewscastersattheirword,theyperceivetheworldtob

everydangerousandhostile.”新闻媒体告诉我们怎么去认识世界,如果一个人是新闻播报员,那么他们认识的世界就是非常危险和有敌意的,提到关键词perceive和world。后文“Tothatperson,th

ementalimagesandemotionssuggestedbyotherpeoplecreateaversionofrealitythatiscompletelydifferentfromtherealityperceivedbysomeonewhodoesn

otwatchthenews.”对于那个人来说,被别人建议的心里的形象和情感会创造出一种事实,这种事实完全不同于没有看过新闻的人对事实的认识,提到关键词reality,由此判断出“因为如果你没有意识到,你的感知、

世界观和现实都是别人创造的”这里应该放在第二段最合适。故选B项。DIamaparentofadisabledteenager.Mysonisinandoutofhospitalandschool.Hislearningd

isabilitiesandbehaviourissuesareabarrierforhim,andheisteasedoncampus.Athome,heswearsandpunchesme.Heisonawaitinglist

forhisdisorderwhichcontributestohisanxiety.Meanwhile,therearehospitalappointmentstomanage,atleastfourconsultantsonthego,andanimminenttransfert

oadultservices.Thebureaucracyofcaringkeepsmebusy.Iusedtoworkinthetheatreindustrybuthadtoquitwhenmysonkeptgettingexcludedfromschool.Ine

verexpectedthatmylifewouldturnoutlikethis.Butnow,amazingly,IamdoingaPhDataRussellGroupuniversity,lookingatnon­whitepr

otagonistsinhistoricaldrama.Itisfascinating:under­representedcharacters!Hiddenhistories!Diversity!Iamstartingtowinawardsformyresea

rchandIfeellikeasuccessstory.Almost.There'sjustoneproblem:Ican'tgetfunding.Ikeepmissingoutonstudentshipsandscholarships.Theseawards—whichare

mainlyfundedbyresearchcouncilsoruniversitiesdirectly—areworthabout£14,000-£16,000ayearandusuallyincludeafeewaiver(saving

afurther£5,000).That'salotofmoney.Butthefundingtendstogotostudentshalfmyagewithstraight­Aacademicresults—nottopeo

plelikeme,whohavetakenanunusualpathtoacademia.WhenIwasturneddownforthelaststudentshipIappliedfor,Iaskedwhy.Thedecisionmaker—aprofessorinmydep

artmentandtheheadofaresearchinstitute—toldme“itallcomesdowntoexcellentacademicresults”.Theydon'tsaythisontheapplicati

onforms:it'sallabouttheoriginalityofyourproject,yourresearchstatement,yoursupervisor'ssupportingstatement,thepanelthatconsid

ersyou,thelevelofcompetition.Butwhenitcomesdowntoit,thisisclearlywhattheywant.Someonewithmybackgroundisnevergoingtogetastudent

shipifthedecisivecriteriaareundergraduateandmaster'sresults.WhenIstartedmyPhDandrealisedthatIwouldneed

financialhelp,IwenttothestudentadviceofficeandtoldthemthatIamacarer.Theyaskedwhatthatmeantandthenofferedmeadviceonbenefits,butnot

funding.Iwenttothestudentunionadviceservice—theyreferredmebacktostudentadvice.Iwenttothegraduateschool.Sameresponse.Ispoketoavicedeanandacha

plain.Ihadtotellthemwhatacareris.Yougetthepicture.Iwasinvisible.SoIgaveup,decidedtoapplyannuallyforthestudentshipsandkeptmypar

t­timejob.UCASannouncedthisyearthatyoungcarerswillnowbeabletoidentifythemselvesintheirapplications,sotha

tuniversitieswillbeabletosupportthem.Buthowisthisgoingtohappenifstaffattheseinstitutionsdon'tevenknowwhatacareris?Thestudentwelfarevice­

presidentattheunionhasfinallyagreedwithmethatcarersareanunder­supportedandunder­representedgrouponcampus.Wearegoingtoaskstudentrecordstoaddanopt

iontotheequalityanddiversitymonitoringsection,sothatwecanidentifyascarersandhopefullyraiseawareness.Wishusl

uck.46.Putthefollowingeventsinthecorrectorder.a.Theauthorwonawardsforherresearch.b.Theauthorspoketoavicedeanandachaplain.c.Theauthordeci

dedtoapplyannuallyforstudentships.d.TheauthorstartedherPhD.A.dabcB.dcbaC.cdabD.cdba47.Accordingtothedecision

maker,thewriter'sapplicationforfundingwasturneddownmainlybecause________.A.shehasadisabledsonB.heracademicresultswereno

tgoodenoughC.thebureaucracyofcaringkeptherbusyD.thecompetitionwastoofierce48.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.thewriterlikesreadings

uccessstoriesB.thewriterisanon­whitewomanC.carersdeserveourattentionandhelpD.carersarefavoredintheprocessofapplicationanden

rollment49.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Onlyundergraduatesandmasterscangetthestudentship.B.Inspiteofherso

n'sillness,thewritercontinuedtoworktofeedherfamily.C.Thewritershowsgreatinterestandenthusiasminheracademicrese

arch.D.Thewriter'sdisabledsondoesnotrespecthismother.50.Thewriter'spurposeismainlyto________.A.callonmorepeopletocareaboutdisabledteenager

sB.complainaboutthebarriersshemetingettingfundingC.informthereadersofacarer'sdifficultiesD.giveadviceonhowtogetastud

entship【答案】46.A47.B48.C49.C50.B【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者因为要照顾残疾的儿子,被迫辞职。后来在一所大学读博士做研究,需要资金支持。但是因为各种原因,一再遭到拒绝。作者认为在校园里,看护人是一个没有得到充分支持的群体。作者希望能够提高

人们的意识,关注和帮助看护人。【46题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段提到“IamdoingaPhDataRussellGroupuniversity”,第四段首句提到“Iamstartingtowinawardsformyresearc

h…There'sjustoneproblem:Ican'tgetfunding.”,文章第七段中提到“WhenIstartedmyPhDandrealisedthatIwouldneedfinancialhelp…Ispoketoavicedeanandac

haplain….SoIgaveup,decidedtoapplyannuallyforthestudentshipsandkeptmyparttimejob.”作者在一所大学读博士,并且她的研究开始获奖,但是她需要资助。在咨询了学生咨询办

公室和研究院后,都说不能解决资金问题。作者就去和副院长和牧师谈这个问题。然后还是放弃了,决定每年申请一次学生奖学金,保留兼职工作。根据事情发生的先后顺序应是dabc。故选A项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thedecisi

onmaker…toldme‘itallcomesdowntoexcellentacademicresults’”可知,当作者申请学生奖学金被拒绝时,决策者告诉她说“这一切都归结于优秀的学术成绩。”意思是决策者认为她的学习

成绩不够好。故选B项。【48题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者因为要照顾残疾的儿子,被迫辞职。后来在一所大学读博士做研究,需要资金支持,但一再遭到拒绝。根据文章倒数第二段中“UCASannouncedthisyearthatyoungcarersw

illnowbeabletoidentifythemselvesintheirapplications,sothatuniversitieswillbeabletosupportthem.Buthowisthisgoing

tohappenifstaffattheseinstitutionsdon'tevenknowwhatacareris?(学院招生服务中心今年宣布,年轻的负责照顾小孩的人现在可以在申请中表明自己的身份,这样大学就能支持他们。但如果这些机构的工作人员甚至不知道看

护人是什么意思,这怎么可能发生呢?)”和最后一段中“Thestudentwelfarevicepresidentattheunionhasfinallyagreedwithmethatcarersareanun

der-supportedandunder-representedgrouponcampus.”作者认为看护人在校园里是没有得到充分支持和代表的群体。因此可以推断,作者认为看护人应该得到关注和帮助。故选C项。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据文章

第三段中“Itisfascinating:underrepresentedcharacters!Hiddenhistories!Diversity!(这是令人着迷的:代表性的人物!隐藏的历史!多样性。)”中的“fascinating”可知,作者觉得研究历史剧中的非白人

主角让她着迷,因此可以看出她对这项研究很感兴趣的,也充满了热情。故选C项。【50题详解】推理判断题。通读全文,作者因为要照顾残疾的儿子,被迫辞职。后来在一所大学读博士做研究,需要资金支持。但是一再遭到拒绝。第五段中提到“WhenIwasturneddownforthela

ststudentshipIappliedfor(当我申请学生奖学金被拒绝)”,第六段中提到“Someonewithmybackgroundisnevergoingtogetastudentship(像我这样背景的人是永远也得不到奖学金的)”,第七段中提到“…thenof

feredmeadviceonbenefits,butnotfunding(然后就福利问题给了我建议,但不是资金问题)”。因此作者写这篇文章的主要目的是抱怨她在获得资金时遇到的障碍。故选B项。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共35分)第

四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。MakethemostofnetworkingopportunitiesGettothosenetw

orkingeventsandtalk,talk,talk.“Thereisvalueineveryconversationyouhave,youneverknowwhereyournextpieceofworkmay

comefrom.Changingthemindsettoprofessionalismandsaying,‘Iamagraphicdesigner’ratherthan‘Iamagraduate’isveryimportant,”saysLydiaWakefield,educat

ionandtrainingmanagerattheAssociationofIndependentProfessionalsandtheSelf­Employed.KnowyourworthIt'shardto

persuadepeopletopayforyourworkifyou'rewillingtogiveitaway.“Valueyourworthfromthebeginning.Alotofpeoplefeelthepressuretoworknothingorchargear

eallylowrateifthey'vebeenstudying.Clientsarewillingtopayforthequalityoftheworkthatyoudo,”saysWakefield.SetupwiththetoolstogetpaidRegiste

rforself­assessmentandfilethosetaxreturns.“Makesureyouhavecontractsandinvoicetemplates(发票模板)inplace,”saysWakefield.Itdoesn'thurttoget

someadvicefromaprofessional,saysJeffSkinner,oftheInstituteofInnovationandEntrepreneurshipattheLondonBusinessSchool.“Findanaccountantorsomeonedo

ingsomethingsimilarandaskthemforcommercialadvice,”hesays.ManageexpectationsKnowthelimitstoyourcapabilities.

“Youcanfeeltheneedtosayyestoeveryproject.Haveaself­awarenessofhowmuchworkyoucantakeonatanytimeandmanageexpectations,”saysWakefield.Buildre

silience(韧性)Wakefieldhighlightstheimportanceofhavingathickskin.“Ifyougetano,don'ttakeittoheart.Keepgoing,youwillfindyournext

client,”shesays,“askforfeedback,youcanalwaysuseitfortestimonial.”And,rememberthatyou'renotalone.“Itreallyisemotionalhi

ghsandlowsforanyentrepreneurinearlystages.Butyou'reinanetworkwithotherpeopleonthesamejourneyasyou,”saysSki

nner.TipsforNewGraduatesWhoWanttoBeTheirOwn____51____Take____52____ofnetworkingopportunities●Everyconversationisvaluableasitmay____53____toyournext

pieceofwork.●Itmattersalottochangethe___54___youthinkofprofessionalism.Knowyourworth●Ifyoucannot____55____youro

wnvalue,howcanyouexpectotherstopayforyourwork?●Youcanchargearelatively____56____rateforyourworkofgoodquality.Setupwiththetoolstogetpaid●R

egisterforself­assessmentandfilethosetaxreturns.●Itisalwayshelpfultoconsult____57____.Manageexpectations●Beawarenottotakeontoomuchwork____58__

__yourcapabilities.Buildresilience●Keepgoinginsteadoftakingarefusaltoo____59____.●Itisnot____60____forent

repreneurstoexperienceemotionalhighsandlowsinearlystages.【答案】51.Boss(es)/Employer(s)52.advantage53.c

ontribute/lead54.way55.recognize/realize/acknowledge/understand56.high57.professionals58.beyond59.seriously60.uncommon/unusual/r

are【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要为给想做自己老板的应届毕业生的一些创业建议。【51题详解】考查名词或名词的数。根据文章内容可知文章主要是关于给一些想毕业自己当老板的毕业生的建议。由此可知,标题为“给想做自己老板的

应届毕业生的建议”。表示“老板”“雇主”应用名词boss或employer,此处也可用复数形式。标题实词首字母要大写。故填Boss(es)/Employer(s)。【52题详解】考查名词。根据第一段标题Makethemostofnetw

orkingopportunities可知充分利用社交机会。由此可知,本部分说明的是利用社交机会。表示“利用”短语为takeadvantageof。故填advantage。【53题详解】考查动词。根据第一段中Thereisvalu

eineveryconversationyouhave,youneverknowwhereyournextpieceofworkmaycomefrom.可知你的每一次谈话都是有价值的,你永远不知道你的下一份工作可能来自哪里。

由此可知,每次谈话都是有价值的,因为它可能有助于/引导你的下一个工作。表示“有助于”或“引导”短语为contribute/leadto。may后跟动词原形。故填contribute/lead。【54题详解】考查名词。根据第一段中Changingthem

indsettoprofessionalismandsaying,‘Iamagraphicdesigner’ratherthan‘Iamagraduate’isveryimportant,”saysLydiaWakefield,educ

ationandtrainingmanagerattheAssociationofIndependentProfessionalsandtheSelfEmployed.可知把心态转变成专业的态度,说‘我是一个平面设计师’而不是‘我是一个毕业生’是非常重要的。”由此可知,改变你对职业的思考方式很重要

。表示“方式”应填名词way。故填way。【55题详解】考查动词。根据第二段中It'shardtopersuadepeopletopayforyourworkifyou'rewillingtogiveitaway.“Va

lueyourworthfromthebeginning.”可知如果你愿意付出,就很难说服别人为你的工作付钱。“从一开始就重视你的价值。”由此可知,如果你不能认识到/承认自己的价值,你怎么能指望别人为你的工作付钱呢

?表示“认识到”“承认”可用动词recognize/realize/acknowledge/understand,cannot后跟动词原形。故填recognize/realize/acknowledge/unders

tand。【56题详解】考查形容词。根据第二段中Alotofpeoplefeelthepressuretoworknothingorchargeareallylowrateifthey'vebeenstudying.Cl

ientsarewillingtopayforthequalityoftheworkthatyoudo,”saysWakefield.可知很多人感到压力,不工作或收费非常低,如果他们一直在学习。客户愿意为你的工作质量付费。由此可知,你可以对质量好的作品收取相对较高的费用。修

饰后文名词rate,表示“高的”应用形容词high。故填high。【57题详解】考查名词的数。根据第三段中Itdoesn'thurttogetsomeadvicefromaprofessional,saysJeffSkinner

,oftheInstituteofInnovationandEntrepreneurshipattheLondonBusinessSchool.可知伦敦商学院创新与创业研究所的JeffSkinner表示,从专业人士那里获得一些建议并没有坏处。由此可知,咨询专业人士总是有帮助的。表示“专业人

士”用名词professional,且为可数名词,前面没有冠词,故应用复数形式。故填professionals。【58题详解】考查介词。根据第四段Knowthelimitstoyourcapabilities.“Youcanfeelthe

needtosayyestoeveryproject.Haveaselfawarenessofhowmuchworkyoucantakeonatanytimeandmanageexpectations,”saysWakefield.可知了解

自己能力的极限。你可以感觉到对每一个项目都说yes的必要性。任何时候都要清楚自己能承担多少工作,并管理好期望值。”Wakefield说。由此可知,注意不要承担太多超出你能力范围的工作。表示“超过,超出”应用介词beyond。故填be

yond。【59题详解】考查副词。根据最后一段中Ifyougetano,don'ttakeittoheart.Keepgoing,youwillfindyournextclient可知如果你得到一个“不”,别往心里去。继续前进,你会找到你的下一个客户的。由此可知

,继续前进,而不是把拒绝看得太认真。表示“对……太认真”短语为takesth.tooseriously。故填seriously。【60题详解】考查形容词。根据最后一段中Itreallyisemotionalhighsandlowsforanyentrepren

eurinearlystages.可知对于任何创业者来说,创业初期都是情感的起起伏伏。由此可知,企业家在创业初期经历情绪起伏并不罕见。形容词作表语,表示“罕见的”或“不寻常的”应用uncommon/unusual/rare。

故填uncommon/unusual/rare。第五部分:书面表达(满分25分)61.请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Avideoshowingatrafficpoliceofficerpreten

dingtobeblindbeingdeniedpermissiontogetonabuswithaguidedoghasbeendrawingpublicattentionandhasledtoheatedonlinedisc

ussionsaboutthelackofsupportandcareforthevisuallyimpaired(视觉障碍人士).Asshowninthevideo,wearingablindfold,theofficerw

asn'tallowedonthebuswiththeguidedog,andwastoldnodogsareallowedwhetherthey'reguidedogsornot.Somepassengersalsoscoldedtheofficerformaki

ngasceneandwastingtheirtime,whilethedogappearedverydistressed.Theguidedog'sownerGaoZhipeng,whoisvisuallyimpaired,toldmediaMonda

ythatthishasbeenhappeningalmosteverydaysincehebroughtTaobaohomein2014,anditisthesamewhencatchingacab.Andeacht

imetheywererefused,Taobaowouldsinkintodepressionfordays.Theguidedogbeingdeniedboardingisjustthetipoftheiceberg,comparedtothevariousdi

fficultiesfacedbythecountry'svisuallyimpairedpopulationeverydaywhentheyleavetheirhome.【写作内容】1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;2.用约120个单词发表你的观点

,内容包括:(1)表达你对此事件的看法,并说明理由;(2)关于如何帮助视觉障碍人士,请你提出2~3个建议。【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;3.不必

写标题。【评分标准】内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________【答案】Avideoaboutthevirtuallyimpairedbeingdeniedpermissiontogeto

nthebuspullsbackthecurtainonthetruththattheysuffermuchinconvenienceandespeciallypeople’sindifferenceindailylife.Tobefrank,Isy

mpathizewiththeguidedoganditsowner.First,thecoldshouldertotheblindopensthedoortoasocietywherethedisabledfeelnothingbutdespair.Isn’titanironytojust

shoutemptyslogansofharmony?Besides,wecan’tstandleavingtheblindhelplesswithnowheretogo,norcanwedeprivethemofthenor

malhumanright.Thissocialproblemdeservesdueattention.Foronething,improvingpublicfacilitiesforthevisuallydisabledsh

ouldtopthelist.Foranother,aharmonioussocietynecessitatesthepromotionofpositivevalueslikebeinghelpfulandthefightagainstdiscrimination

.However,wecannotpaylipservicebuttakeactionsothattheblindcanfeelarayofwarmnessintheirlife.【解析】【分析】本书面表达属于读写任务写作。考生先要概括文章概

要,然后表达对拒绝盲人和导盲犬的看法,最后就如何帮助视觉障碍人士提出建议。【详解】动笔前,首先要认真阅读原文,并理解其内容。其次,认真看清题目要求,在稿子上列出提纲。最后,根据要求写出文章。写作的时候,要按照要点去表达,不能有遗漏,要注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系。尽量使用

自己会的单词、词组和句型,同时也要注意使用一些高级语法和句型,使自己的文章更有文采。【点睛】本文描写详略得当,使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如:tobefrank,deprive…of,Foronething,Foranot

her,takeaction等高级词汇;Avideoaboutthevirtuallyimpairedbeingdeniedpermissiontogetonthebuspullsbackthecurta

inonthetruththattheysuffermuchinconvenienceandespeciallypeople’sindifferenceindailylife.运用了同位语从句;First,thecoldshouldertotheblindopensthedoortoasocie

tywherethedisabledfeelnothingbutdespair.运用了定语从句;Takingherchildtoschoolbecomesaneasyandpleasantthing.运用了动名词做主语;Besides,wecan’tstandleavin

gtheblindhelplesswithnowheretogo,norcanwedeprivethemofthenormalhumanright.运用了倒装句。

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