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临川二中2019-2020学年度第一学期高一期末考试英语试题考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.
5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmanybrothersdoesthemanhave?A.One.B.Two.C.
Three.2.Whycan’tthemanreturnhiscamera?A.Itisbroken.B.Itwasboughtonsale.C.Itwasboughtoveraweekago.3.Wheredoestheconversationtake
place?A.Atastore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atabusstop.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thesweaterwaswashedwrongly.B.Thewaterwastoohottodrink.C.Thetoybea
ristoosmall.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whatpresenttobuy.B.Whichdresstowear.C.Whentoattendthep
arty.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两
遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atasportscenter.7.Whendoesthemanbeginhiswork?A.Inthemorni
ng.B.Intheafternoon.C.Atnight.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatwillthewomandonextmonth?A.Visittheman.B.Makeabusinesst
rip.C.DoshoppinginMexicoCity.9.Wherecanthewomanseeamazingpaintings?A.Atoutdoormarkets.B.AtthePalaceofFineArts
.C.AttheMuseumofModernArt.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthewomangetyesterday?A.Thekeytoherapartment.B.Ac
opyofthehouserules.C.Aparkingspaceforhermotorbike.11.Wheredidthewomanusedtoparkhermotorbike?A.Attheentrancetoherapartmentbuilding.B.Onthestreetbes
ideherapartmentbuilding.C.Onthesidewalkinfrontofherapartmentbuilding.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takeabustowork.
B.Attendthenexthouseowner’smeeting.C.Haveatalkwiththeapartmentmanager.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenshemetagroupofguys?A.Shewaswal
kingontheroad.B.Shewaslookingatthebusschedule.C.Shewasgettingaboardabus.14.Whatlanguagedidtheguysspeaktothewoman?A.French.B.Ger
man.C.English.15.Howdidthewomanfeelwhenshefirstmettheguys?A.Thankful.B.Strange.C.Confused.16.Whatdidthewomanlose?A.Herwa
llet.B.Herairlineticket.C.Herpassport.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wheredidtheoldladystayfortendays?A.Inthebedroom.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthebathr
oom.18.Whofoundtheoldladyfirst?A.Herneighbor.B.Thefirefighters.C.Herson.19.Wheredidtheyoungwomanbehavestrangely?A.Atanairpo
rt.B.Atapolicestation.C.Atawildlifecenter.20.Whatwasintheyoungwoman’slargebag?A.Ababytiger.B.Ababydog.C.Abab
ycat.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABeltanaStation——Staywithadiff
erenceBeltanaStationisafullyworkingsheepandcattlestation,andagreatplaceforaholidaywitharealdifferenceinAu
stralia.Heretheanimalsarenotjusttobelookedat.TheyarepartofeverydayworkinglifeatthehistoricBeltanaStation.WhattodoSe
ehowastationreallyworks.Joininthedailyworkinglifewithstationworkers.Shearing(剪羊毛)andcamp-outsarepartofBeltanaStation'sactivities.Farmanimalstosee:she
epandcattle.Forthekids,dependingontheseason,therewillbeanimalstofeed—lambsandcalves.Thestationisajoyforpaintersandphotographers.Thereisafa
milygamesroom.Threeroadsfor4-wheel-drivecarsthroughthestationtakeinsuchviewsasLakeTorrens,MountDeception,relicsi
nOldBeltanatownandmuchmore.Wheretolive•thehistoric1860sshearers'rooms•two-roomsmallhouses(1860s)•onesma
llhistoriccountryhouseBeltanaStationisnotaresort(度假胜地)hotel.Unlikeotherplaces,youcanexperiencereallifewithrealpeopleinB
eltana.1.WhatwouldbeaproperactivityforchildrenatBeltanaStation?A.Camp-outswithstationworkers.B.Sheepshearing.C.Dr
ivingcattle.D.Feedinglambs.2.WhatmaypeoplelearnwhenvisitingBeltanaStation?A.Skillsneededforlongwalksinmountains.B.KnowledgeofAustralianhist
ory.C.Whattodointeamsports.D.Howtokeeppets.3.WhatisspecialaboutBeltanaStation?A.Itisalargewildpark.B.Itoffersreal-lifeworkexperience.C.
Ithasseasonalfamilyactivities.D.Itisagoodplaceforweekendpicnics.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了贝尔塔纳站的一些日
常工作。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Whattodo部分的Forthekids,dependingontheseason,therewillbeanimalstofeed—lambsandcalves(小羊和小牛).可知，对于孩子们来说
，根据季节的不同，会有小动物来喂养。由此可知，在贝尔塔纳车站，孩子们可以喂羊羔。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的TheyarepartofeverydayworkinglifeatthehistoricBeltanaStation.可知，它们是
历史悠久的贝尔塔纳车站日常工作生活的一部分。由此推断，参观贝尔塔纳车站可以了解澳大利亚历史。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据字后一段中的Unlikeotherplaces,youcanexperiencereallifewithrealpeopleinBel
tana.可知，与其他地方不同的是，在贝尔塔纳你可以和真实的人一起体验真实的生活。由此可知，贝尔塔纳车站提供了真实的工作体验。故选B。BWhyplaygames?Becausetheyarefun,andalotmorebesides.Followingtherules,planningyourn
extmoveandactingasateammemberareall“game”ideasthatyouwillcomeacrossthroughoutyourlife.Thinkaboutsomeofthegamesyouplayedasayoungchil
d,suchasrope-jumpingandhide-and-seek.Suchgamesareentertainingandfun.Butperhapsmoreimportantly,theytranslatelifeintoexcitingdramasthatteachch
ildrensomeofthebasicrulestheywillbeexpectedtofollowtherestoftheirlives,suchastakingturnsandcooperating.Manychildren’sgameshaveapracti
calside.Childrenaroundtheworldplaygamesthatpreparethemforworktheywilldoasgrown-ups.Forinstance,someSaudiArabianchildre
nplayagamecalledbones,whichsharpensthehand-eyecoordination(协调)neededinhunting.Manysportsencouragenati
onalorlocalpride.Themostfamousgamesofall,theOlympicGames,bringathletesfromaroundtheworldtogethertotake
partinfriendlycompetition.Peoplewhowatchtheeventwaveflags,knowingthatagoldmedalisawinforanentirecountry
,notjusttheathletewhoearnedit.Forcountriesexperiencingnaturaldisastersorwar,anOlympicwincanmeansomuch.Sportsarealsoaneventthatunitespeople.Soccerist
hemostpopularsportintheworld.Peopleonallcontinentsplayit—someforfunandsomeforaliving.NicoletteIribarne,aCali
forniansoccerplayer,hasdiscoveredawaytospreadhopethroughsoccer.Hecreatedafoundationtoprovidepoorchildrenwithnotonlysoccerballsbutals
oapromisingfuture.Nexttimeyouplayyourfavoritegameorsport,thinkaboutwhyyouenjoyit,whatskillsareneeded,andwhethe
rtheseskillswillhelpyouinotheraspectsofyourlife.4.WhatarechildrenexpectedtolearnThroughplayinghide-and-seek?A.BeateamleaderB.Obeythebasicrule
sC.Actasagrown-upD.Predictpossibledanger5.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Gamescandescribelifeinan
excitingwayB.Gamescanturnreal-lifeexperiencesintoaplayC.GamescanmakelearninglifeskillsmoreinterestingD.Gam
escanchangepeople’sviewsofsportingevents6.Accordingtothepassage,whyiswinningOlympicmedalssoencouraging?A.Itinspirespeople’sdeep
loveforthecountry.B.Itprovestheexceptionalskillsofthewinners.C.Ithelpsthecountryoutofnaturaldisasters.D.Itearnsthewinnersfameandfortune.
7.What’sIribarne’sgoalofformingthefoundation?A.Bringingfuntopoorkids.B.Providingsoccerballsforchildren.C.Givingpoorkidsachancef
orabetterlife.D.Attractingsoccerplayerstohelppoorkids.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述一些受欢迎的运动项目和游戏。有些游戏可以帮助孩子们成长，而全球万众
瞩目的奥林匹克运动会关系着整个国家的荣誉。因此，运动还和我们的生活息息相关。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Butperhapsmoreimportantly,theytranslatelifeintoexcitingdramast
hatteachchildrensomeofthebasicrulestheywillbeexpectedtofollowtherestoftheirlives,suchastakingturnsandcooperating.（但也许更重要的是，他们把生活转化为令人兴奋的戏剧，教
孩子们一些他们将在余生中遵循的基本规则，比如轮流和合作）可知，孩子们通过玩捉迷藏的游戏学会一些未来生活中的基本法则。故选B。【5题详解】词义猜测题。划线部分前面的谓语动词是translate有“翻译，解释，转移，调动”的意思，该部分后面有一个定
语从句thatteachchildrensomeofthebasicrulestheywillbeexpectedtofollowtherestoftheirlives,suchastakingturnsandcooperating.（教孩子们一些他们将在余生中遵循的基本规则，比如轮流和合作
）。前后结合就可以理解这部分的意思是：他们把生活变成激动人心的戏剧，由此可知，此处与C项“游戏可以让学习生活技能更有趣”意思相近。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的Peoplewhowatchtheeventwaveflags,knowingth
atagoldmedalisawinforanentirecountry,notjusttheathletewhoearnedit.（观看比赛的人挥舞着旗帜，知道金牌是一个国家的胜利，而不仅仅是赢得金牌的运
动员）可推断，赢得奥运奖牌激发了人们对国家深厚的爱。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Hecreatedafoundationtoprovidepoorchildrenwithnotonlys
occerballsbutalsoapromisingfuture.可知，他创建了一个基金会，为贫困儿童提供的不仅仅是足球还有一个充满希望的未来。由此可知，Iribarne成立基金会的目的是让贫穷的孩子有机会过上更好的生活。故选C。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要
求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题2，划线部分前面的谓语动词是translate有“翻译，解释，转
移，调动”的意思，该部分后面有一个定语从句thatteachchildrensomeofthebasicrulestheywillbeexpectedtofollowtherestoftheirlives,suchastakingturnsandcooperating.（
教孩子们一些他们将在余生中遵循的基本规则，比如轮流和合作）。前后结合就可以理解这部分的意思是：他们把生活变成激动人心的戏剧，由此可知，此处与C项“游戏可以让学习生活技能更有趣”意思相近。故选C。CComputerscientistshavehope
dtogiverobotstechnicalskillstohelpthemrecognize,processandreacttohumor.Buttheseattemptshavemostlyfailed.AIex
pertssaythatinmanycases,attemptstomakerobotsunderstandhumorendupproducingfunnyresults,butnotinthewaytheyweresupposedto.TristanMillerstudiedmoretha
n10,000punsinoneresearchproject.Thepunisakindofjokethatusesawordwithtwomeanings.Forexample,youcouldsay,“Balloonsdonotlikepopmusic.
”Theword“pop”canbeawayofsayingpopularmusic;orcanmeanthesoundaballoonmakeswhenitexplodes.Butarobotmightnotgetthejoke.Tristan
Millersaysthatisbecausehumorisakindofcreativelanguagethatisextremelydifficultforcomputerintelligencetounderstand.All
isonBishopisacomputerscientistandshealsoperformsstand-upcomedy.Sheexplainedthatmachinesaretrainedtolookforpatter
ns.Comedy,ontheotherhand,reliesonthingsthatstayclosetoapattern,butnotcompletelywithinit.Tobefunny,humorshouldalsonotbepredictable,Bishop
said.Thisisagreatchallengeforamachinetorecognizeandunderstandwhatisfunny.Bishopsayssincerobotshavegreatdifficultyunderstandinghumor,shefee
lslikeitgivesherbetterjobsafetyasacomedyperformer.Itevenmadeherparentshappywhenherbrotherdecidedtobecomeafull-timecomedywri
terbecauseitmeanthewouldn’tbereplacedbyamachine,sheadded.Despitethedifficulties,DarmstadtUniversity’sMillersaystherearegoodreasonstokeeptryingt
oteachhumortorobots.Itcouldmakemachinesmorerelatable(叙述的),especiallyiftheycanlearntounderstandsarcasm(讽刺),henoted.Humansusesarcasmtosayoneth
ingbutmeananother.ButKikiHempelmannthinksdifferently.“TeachingAIsystemshumormaymakethemfinditwhereitisn’t,andtheymayuseitwhereit
’snotsuitable,”hesaid.“MaybebadAIwillstartkillingpeoplebecauseitthinkssomethingisfunny,”headded.8.Whatdoesthea
uthormostprobablywanttoshowinParagraph1?A.Robots’influenceonthescientificdevelopment.B.Robots’challengesof
makingsenseofhumor.C.Computerscientists’devotiontotechnicalskills.D.Computerscientists’concernaboutAI’sdev
elopment.9.WhatareexamplesmentionedinParagraphs2and3intendedtodo?A.ProverobotsdopoorlyinfunnyworkB.Explainrobotsaren’
tasintelligentashumansC.DescribelanguageiscomplexandchangeableD.Showlanguagecan’tbetaughtinasetpattern10.Whatcanweinferaboutt
eachingAIsystemhumorfromthelastparagraph?A.Itwillmakenodifference.B.Itmaybeadouble-edgedsword.C.Itmayhelpimprovehumans’humor
.D.Itwillattractmorecomputerscientists.11.Wherewouldthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A.TextbookB.AdvertisementC.Science
journalD.Entertainmentspeech【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。工程师很难让机器创造幽默。对于机器人是否应该被教授幽默，不同的科学家有不同的见解。【8题详
解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Computerscientistshavehopedtogiverobotstechnicalskillstohelpthemrecognize,processandreacttohumor.Buttheseattemptshavemos
tlyfailed.可知，计算机科学家希望赋予机器人技术技能，帮助它们识别、处理和应对幽默。但这些尝试大多以失败告终。由此可推断，通过第一段作者想要展示的是让机器人理解幽默是有挑战性的。故选B。【9题详解】推理
判断题。根据第二段中的TristanMillersaysthatisbecausehumorisakindofcreativelanguagethatisextremelydifficultforcomputerintelligenceto
understand.（特里斯坦·米勒说，这是因为幽默是一种创造性的语言，对计算机智能来说是非常难以理解的）和第三段的Thisisagreatchallengeforamachinetorecognizean
dunderstandwhatisfunny.（对于机器来说，识别和理解什么是有趣的是一个巨大的挑战）可推断，这两个例子是用来说明语言不能用固定的模式来教授的。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中
的TeachingAIsystemshumormaymakethemfinditwhereitisn’t,andtheymayuseitwhereit’snotsuitable,’hesaid.‘MaybebadAIwills
tartkillingpeoplebecauseitthinkssomethingisfunny,’headded.（“教人工智能系统幽默可能会让它们在不适合的地方找到幽默，也可能在不适合的地方使用它”，他说。“也许坏的人工智能会开始杀人，因为它认为有些东西很有趣”
他补充说道）可推断出，教授人工智能系统幽默可能是一把双刃剑。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文特别是第一段中的Computerscientistshavehopedtogiverobotstech
nicalskillstohelpthemrecognize,processandreacttohumor.（计算机科学家希望给机器人技术技能，以帮助他们识别，处理和反应幽默）可知，文章主要讲述了教授机器人幽默，因此推断这篇文章很可能选自科学杂志。故选C。DAnyforei
gnerwhohastriedtolearnChinesecantellhowharditistomasterthetonesrequiredtospeakandunderstand.Andanyonewhohastriedtolearntoplaytheviolinorothe
rinstrumentscanreportsimilarchallenges.Nowresearchershavefoundthatpeoplewithmusicaltraininghaveaneasiertime
learningChinese.WritingintheonlineeditionofNatureNeuroscience，researchersfromNorthwesternUniversitysaythatbothskillsdrawonthesamepartsoftheb
rainthathelppeoplediscoverchangesinpitch(音调).Oneofthestudy'sauthors，NinaKraus，saidthefindingssuggestedthatstudyingmusic“actuallytunesoursensorysy
stem”.Thismeansthatschoolsthatwantchildrentodowellinlanguagesshouldhesitatebeforecuttingmusicprograms，Dr.Kraussaid.Shesaidmusictr
ainingmightalsohelpchildrenwithlanguageproblems.Mandarin(普通话)speakershavebeenshowntohaveamorecomplexencoding(编码)ofp
itchpatternsintheirbrainsthanEnglishspeakersdo.ThisisbecauseinMandarinandotherAsianlanguages，pitchplaysacentralrole.Asinglesyllablewordcanhavesev
eralmeaningsdependingonhowitisintoned.Forthisstudy，theresearcherslookedat20nonChinesespeakingvolunteer
s，halfwithnomusicalbackgroundandhalfwhohavestudiedaninstrumentforatleastsixyears.Astheywereshownamovie，thevolunteersalsoheardanaudiotapeoftheMand
arinword“mi”inthreeofitsmeanings:squint，bewilderandrice.Theresearchersrecordedactivitiesintheirbrainstemstoseehowwelltheywereprocessingthesoun
ds.ThosewithamusicbackgroundshowedmuchmorebrainactivitiesinresponsetotheChinesesounds.Theleadauthorofthestudy，PatrickC.M.Wong，saiditmightworkbothways
.Itappearsthatnativespeakersoftonallanguagesmaydobetteratlearninginstruments.12.WhenlearningChinese，aforeignerwillfind________.
A.hehasadifficulttimelearningmusicatthesametimeB.hehasaneasiertimelearningmusicatthesametimeC.itishardtomasterthetonesrequiredtos
peakandunderstandD.itiseasytousethebraintohelphimdiscoverchangesinpitch13.WhydoesChineselearninghavesomethingtodowithmusictraining?A.Be
causethereisthesamedifficultyinlearningChineseandmusic.B.Becauseskillstolearnthetwomakeuseofthesamepartsof
thebrain.C.Becausemusictrainingmighthelppeoplewithlanguagestudy.D.BecausepeoplewhodowellinChinesestudydowellinmusic.14.Theunderlinedw
ord“intoned”inthefourthparagraphcanbereplacedbytheword“____”.A.createdB.spelledC.seemedD.pronounced15.Wh
atwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.MandarinSpeakersAreSmarterthanEnglishSpeakersB.SkilledEarforMusicMayHelpLanguageStu
dyC.PitchPlaysaCentralRoleinChineseLearningD.SchoolsNeedtoDevelopMusicPrograms【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。任何一个学过汉语的外国人都知道掌握说话和理解所需要的声调有多难。目前有研
究人员发现，受过音乐训练的人学习语言更容易。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“AnyforeignerwhohastriedtolearnChinesecantellhowharditistomasterthetonesre
quiredtospeakandunderstand”.可知，任何一个学过汉语的外国人都知道掌握说话和理解所需要的声调有多难。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第二段researchersfromNorthwesternUniversitysa
ythatbothskillsdrawonthesamepartsofthebrainthathelppeoplediscoverchangesinpitch可知，学习汉语和音乐训练用到的是都是大脑相同的部位。这些部位有助于帮助人们发现音调中的变化。故学习汉语和音乐训练有关系。所以为什么中文学习与
音乐训练有关是因为学习两种技能需要用到大脑相同的部位。故选B项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。由第四段“ThisisbecauseinMandarinandotherAsianlanguages，pitchplaysacentralrole.Asingl
esyllablewordcanhaveseveralmeaningsdependingonhowitisintoned.”可知，在普通话和其他亚洲语言中，音调起着中心作用。对一个单音节词而言，当人们
对这个词发出不同的音调时，那么，这个词就表达出不同的意思。在第六段中以“mi”为例，这个词不同的音调就代表着不同的意思。故划线单词表达的应是人们对一个单音节词的“发音”。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，研究表明，经过音乐训练的人，在学
汉语方面会更加容易。音乐训练和汉语学习均用到了大脑相同的部位。该部位可以帮助人们更好地发现语调的变化，有助于人们学习语言。所以短文的最佳标题是“熟练的音乐听觉有助于语言学习”故选B项。第二节（共5题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白
的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatmakesonepersonmoreintelligentthananother？Whatmakesonepersonagenius，likethebrilliantAlbertEinstein，andanother
personafool？Arepeoplebornintelligentorstupid，orisintelligencetheresultofwhereandhowyoulive？___16___Weknow，howe
ver，thatjustbeingbornwithagoodmindisnotenough.Insomeways，themindislikealegoranarmmuscle.___17___Mentalexerci
seisparticularlyimportantforyoungchildren.Manychildpsychologiststhinkthatparentsshouldplaywiththeirchildrenmoreoftenandgivethemprob
lemstothinkabout.___18___If，ontheotherhand，childrenareleftaloneagreatdealwithnothingtodo，theyaremorelikely
tobecomedullandunintelligent.___19___Accordingtosomepsychologists，ifparentsarealwaystellingachildthatheorsheis
afooloranidiot，thenthechildismorelikelytokeepdoingsillyandfoolishthings.Soitisprobablybetterforparentstosayverypositivethingstotheirchildren，suc
has“Thatwasaverycleverthingyoudid.”or“___20___”A．Itneedsexercise.B．Youaresuchasmartchild.C．Ahealthybodycontributestoone’s
intelligence.D．Whatpeoplewanttoexpressislikethis.E．Parentsshouldalsobecarefulaboutwhattheysaytoyoungchildren.F．Thechildrenarethenmoreli
kelytogrowupbrightlyandintelligently.G．Theseareveryoldquestionsandtheanswerstothemarestillnotclear.【答案】16.G1
7.A18.F19.E20.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。通过文章我们得知：外在的因素会影响孩子的发展。【16题详解】上文提到：是什么使人聪明，为什么有的人很笨，这是一个老的话题，没有确切的答案。故选G项。承上启下作用。【17题详解】上文提到：思想就象肌肉，需要锻炼，下
方对于青少年来年精神的锻炼是很重要的。承接上文的内容，与下方相呼应。故选E项。【18题详解】上句话提到：许多儿童心理学家认为父母应过多的与孩子玩，让他们思考问题，孩子就有可能变得聪明，明智。另一方面，如果孩子被单独扔下什么也不做，他们有可能变得愚钝，与上句形成鲜明的对比，提出正反两种情况
。注意文章中ontheotherhand的出现起重要的作用。根据上文得出F项。【19题详解】根据下文，ifparentsarealwaystellingachildthatheorsheisafooloranidiot，thenthechildismorelikelytokeepdoingsil
lyandfoolishthings.父母说一些孩子不好的话，孩子可能变笨做蠢事。故父母应注意自己对孩子所说的话。故选E项。【20题详解】根据上句话Soitisprobablybetterforpar
entstosayverypositivethingstotheirchildren，如果父母给孩子灌输积极的因素是比较好，如你做这件事真不错，你是个聪明的孩子，故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所
给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Whenmydaughterwasingradeschool,onedayshe___21___homefourtinytwigs(枝条).Theywe
retreesgiventothestudentsbytheschooltoplant.___22___ofthemlookedverystrongbutwithahopeforthefuture,Igo
taspadeandplantedtheminourbackyard.Overtheyearsa(an)___23___withthelawnmower(割草机)andpoorsoilbroughta(an)___24___tothreeof
them.Allthatwasleftwasa(an)___25___evergreen.Itgrewbentandvery___26___.Itnevergotverytallandtilted(倾斜)tooneside.Inth
eenditlookedmorelikeafatbushthanatree.Inoticedafewyearsagotoothatitwasstartingto___27___.Thelowerbrancheswerebecoming___28___.Theneedlesonthebranches
alittlefurtheruphadturnedbrown.Onlythetopthirdofthetreewasstillgreen.LastsummerIdidmybesttosaveitby_
__29___italotoffertilizerbutmyefforts____30____.ThismorningIwentoutandlookedatitagain.Iwas____31____whetheritwouldbebettertojustcutitd
own.ItsurewouldmakemowingthelawneasierandIwouldnolongerhavetowatchitslowlygo____32____.AsIwalkedovertotakeac
loserlookatit,____33____,Inoticedsomethingmovingwithintheneedles.Itwasarobin(知更鸟)patientlybuildinganestinthetopmostbranches.
I____34____whenIlookedatitanddecidedthatmaybethisoldtreehadsomelifeand____35____leftinityet.Itmaynotb
ehealthyorprettybutitwasstillgivingabird(a)____36____andoxygentothisworld.Thistree____37____meofsomethingtoo.Allofourliveshavepu
rpose.Allofourliveshave____38____.Itdoesn’tmatterifweareyoungandstrongoroldandsickly(病弱的).Untilourlast____39__
__,Godhasthingsforustodo,loveforustogive,andjoyforusto____40____.Untilourlastmomentherewecanhelptomakethisworldabetterandmorebeautif
ulplace.21.A.gotB.broughtC.rushedD.returned22.A.NoneB.AllC.EachD.Three23.A.failureB.incidentC.accidentD.ch
aracter24.A.damageB.deathC.endD.hurt25.A.onlyB.specialC.uniqueD.single26.A.slowlyB.violentlyC.quicklyD.wildly27.A.s
tretchB.growC.fallD.die28.A.greenB.bareC.lostD.powerful29.A.deliveringB.feedingC.spreadingD.laying30.A.failedB.
workedC.replacedD.deserved31.A.dreamingofB.disappointedatC.decidingonD.sorryabout32.A.madB.tiringC.regularD.bad33.A.thereforeB.thereafterC.
howeverD.besides34.A.criedB.smiledC.laughedD.shouted35.A.usefulnessB.energyC.beautyD.strength36.A.prote
ctionB.warmC.stageD.home37.A.expectedB.curedC.changedD.reminded38.A.meaningB.beautyC.passionD.inspiration39.A.doubtB.lifeC.breathD.appearance40.
A.enjoyB.shareC.appreciateD.offer【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.A27.D28.B29.B30.A31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A36.D37.D38.A39.C40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙
文。主要讲述作者种树的故事，告诉我们所有的生命都有意义，不管我们是老弱病残，还是年轻强壮，我们都可以帮助这个世界变得更加美好。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我女儿读小学的时候，她带回了4只细细的小树枝。A.got
得到；B.brought带回；C.rushed冲；D.returned返回。根据下文“Theyweretreesgiventothestudentsbytheschooltoplant.”可知，这些树枝是学校发给学生们的，让他们带
回家种植，因此女儿带回家来。故选B。【22题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：他们看上去都有些弱不禁风。A.None没有一个；B.All所有的；C.Each每个；D.Three三个。根据下文“butwithahopeforthefuture”可知，上下文是转折关
系，他们看上去都有些弱不禁风，不过我还是心存着一丝希望。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：数年时间过去，一起与割草机有关的意外事件，加上贫瘠的土壤，让4棵小树中的3棵都不幸夭折了。A.failure失败；B.incident事件；C.ac
cident事故；D.character性格。根据下文“withthelawnmower(割草机)andpoorsoilbroughta(an)___4___tothreeofthem.”可推断，割草机的意外伤害导致小树夭折。故选C。【24题详解】考查
名词词义辨析。句意：数年时间过去，一起与割草机有关的意外事件，加上贫瘠的土壤，让4棵小树中的3棵都不幸夭折了。A.damage毁坏；B.death死亡；C.end结束；D.hurt伤害。bringanendto“结束”，根据语境，
故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一幸存下来的是一株常青藤。A.only仅仅；B.special特别的；C.unique独特的；D.single单一的。根据上文可知，三颗小树夭折了，剩下了一株常春藤。故选D。
【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它长得歪歪扭扭，长势也十分迟缓。A.slowly缓慢地；B.violently激烈地；C.quickly快速地；D.wildly疯狂地。根据下文“Itnevergotverytallandtilted(倾斜)to
oneside.（它从未长到很高的高度，还总是歪向一边）”可知，它长得很慢，从来没有长得很高。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：数年前我就注意到，它已经开始衰老死去。A.stretch伸展；B.grow生长；C.fall落下；D.die死。根据下文“
Theneedlesonthebranchesalittlefurtheruphadturnedbrown.（上端的枝条上，那些尖尖的树叶也开始变成棕色）”可知，数年前我就注意到，它已经开始死去。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意
：下层的树枝开始变得光秃秃的。A.green绿色；B.bare光秃秃的；C.lost失去的；D.powerful强大的。根据上下文可知，树开始衰老，因此树枝开始变得光秃秃的。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，我竭尽全力想要救活它，
给它喂了一大堆肥料，结果却无济于事。A.delivering递送；B.feeding喂养；C.spreading展开；D.laying产卵，下蛋。根据下文“alotoffertilizer”可知，我尽我所能给它喂了很多肥料来挽救它
，但似乎没用。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，我竭尽全力想要救活它，给它喂了一大堆肥料，结果去无济于事。A.failed失败；B.worked起作用；C.replaced代替；D.deserved应得，值得。根据but可知，我竭尽全力想要救活它，给它喂了一大堆肥
料，但是我的努力失败了。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我做出决定是不是应该直接把它砍掉为好。A.dreamingof梦想；B.disappointedat对……失望；C.decidingon做出决定；D.sorryabout对……遗憾。根据下文“
whetheritwouldbebettertojustcutitdown”可推断，这是我做出的决定。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样一来修剪草坪也会比较容易，我也再不用看着它慢慢枯萎。A.mad
疯狂的；B.tiring令人疲惫的；C.regular有规律的；D.bad不好的。根据上文可知，树开始衰老，因此我决定直接砍掉它，不用看着它慢慢枯萎。故选D。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我慢慢走近它，仔细一看，我发现树叶丛中有什么东西在移动。A.there
fore因此；B.thereafter此后；C.however然而；D.besides此外。此处与上文是转折关系，我原本认为树开始衰老死去，想要砍掉它，但是当我走进仔细看时，发现树叶从中有什么东西在移动。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着它微笑了，断定或许这棵老树
还有一丝生机尚存，也还有些用处。A.cried哭；B.smiled微笑；C.laughed笑；D.shouted喊叫。根据下文“maybethisoldtreehadsomelife”可推断，我认为这棵老树还有一丝生机尚存，因此我微笑了，看着它。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我
看着它微笑了，断定或许这棵老树还有一丝生机尚存，也还有些用处。A.usefulness有用；有益；B.energy精力；C.beauty美丽；D.strength力量。根据上文“maybethisoldtreehadsomelife”可知，或许这棵老树也还有些用处。
故选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：或许它并不健康，也不够漂亮，但它还能给鸟儿提供一个家，还能给世界一些氧气。A.protection保护；B.warm取暖；C.stage舞台；D.home家。根据上文“Itwasarobin(知更鸟)patientlybuildinganestinth
etopmostbranches.”可知，它还可以为鸟儿提供一个家。故选D。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这棵树让我想起了什么。A.expected期待；B.cured治愈；C.changed改变；D.remi
nded使想起。根据下文“Allofourliveshavepurpose.”可推断，这棵树让我想起了什么。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命都有内在的意义。A.meaning意义；B.beauty美丽；C.passion激情；D.inspiration鼓舞。根据上
文“Allofourliveshavepurpose.”可知，每个人活着都有自己的目标，我们的生命都有内在的意义。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到我们停止呼吸前最后一刻，上帝都有事情
让我们去做，我们都还怀着爱可以给予别人，还能分享自己的快乐。A.doubt怀疑；B.life生活；C.breath呼吸；D.appearance外貌。由上文的“Itdoesn’tmatterifweareyoungandstrongoroldandsickly(
病弱的).”可推断，直到我们呼吸停止前的最后一刻，上帝都有事情让我们去做……。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我们停止呼吸前最后一刻，上帝都有事情让我们去做，我们都还怀着爱可以给予别人，还能分享自己的快乐。A.enjoy喜欢
；B.share共享；C.appreciate感激；D.offer提供。根据上文的“Godhasthingsforustodo,loveforustogive”可推断，上帝都有事情让我们去做，我们都怀着爱可以给予别人，还能分享自己的快乐。故选B。【点睛】本文是一篇夹叙夹议类的完形填空，难度中等偏
难。文章逻辑性较强，只要读懂文章大意，基本能选出正确答案。考生做此完形填空时，要充分理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。如小题20，考查的是动词词义辨析，句意是：直到我们停止呼吸前最后一刻，上帝都有事情让我们去做，我们都还怀着爱可以给予别人，还能分享自己
的快乐。选项含义：A.enjoy喜欢；B.share共享；C.appreciate感激；D.offer提供。根据上文的“Godhasthingsforustodo,loveforustogive”可推断，上帝有事情让我们去做，我们都怀着爱可以给予别人，还
能分享自己的快乐。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。OvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot.Ibeganasa___41___(c
alculate)machineinFrancein1642.WhenIwasyoungIcould___42___(simple)difficultsums.Idevelopedveryslowlyand___43___tooknearlytwohundredyearsb
eforeIwasbuiltasananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage.AfterIwasprogrammedbyanoperator____44____usedcardswithholes,Icould"think"___45___(l
ogic)andproduceananswerquickerthananyperson.Atthattimeitwasconsideredatechnologicalrevolutionandthestartofmy"artific
ialintelligence".In1936myrealfather,AlanTuring,____46____(write)abookaboutwhetherIcouldbemade___47___(work)asa"universalmachine"t
osolveanydifficultmathematicalproblem.Fromthen___48___,Igrewrapidlybothinsizeandinbrainpower.Bythe1940sIhadgrownaslargeasaroom,andIwond
eredifIwouldgrowanylarger.However,thisrealityalsoworriedmydesigners.Astimewentby,Iwasmade____49____(small).Firstasa
PC,andthenasalaptop,I_____50_____(use)inofficesandhomessincethe1970s.【答案】41.calculating42.simplify43.it44.who/that45.logically46.wr
ote47.towork48.on49.smaller50.havebeenused【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电脑的演变过程，从简单的计算到联网，在很多领域起着越来越重要的作用。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。修饰名词machine用非谓语动词，此处用动名
词形式表示被修饰语的用途，故填calculating。【42题详解】考查动词。could后接动词原形，故填simplify。【43题详解】考查固定句型。句意：我发展很慢，花了近两百年的时间，我才被查尔斯·巴贝奇（CharlesBabbage）建造成一台分析机
器。Ittakes+段时间+before+其它成分是固定句型，表示“花费了多长时间以后才……”，it做主语，置句首单词首字母大写，故填It。【44题详解】考查定语从句引导词。这里是一个限定性定语从句，先行词是anoperator，且从句缺少主语，因此要用who或者that来引导，故填who/t
hat。【45题详解】考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词couldthink，故填logically。【46题详解】考查动词时态。根据时间状语In1936可知，描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，故填wrote。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析
句子可知，work做make的宾语补足语，被动语态中的宾语补足语用带to的不定式，故填towork。【48题详解】考查介词。Fromthenon“从那时起”是固定短语，故填on。【49题详解】考查形容词比较级。根据下文“FirstasaPC,and
thenasalaptop.（先是台式电脑，然后是笔记本电脑）”可知，随着时间的推移，我被制作的更小。small作宾语补足语用形容词比较级。故填smaller。【50题详解】考查动词时态及语态。根据时间状语sincethe1970s可知，表示过去发生，一直持续到
现在的动作用现在完成时，且主语I与use是被动关系，故填hasbeenused。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改
作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（
/)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。ItwasraininglightwhenIgotupyesterday.Afterquickbreakfast,Ito
okanumbrellawithmeandwenttoschoolinahurry.Itwasfifteenminutesafterschoolbegan.IwasrunningquicklywhileIsawanoldmanwalkingslowlyintherai
n.Istopped,wonderedwhethertohelphimornot,asImightbelateforschool.ThenImadeadecisiontowalkwithhimhome.Abouttenminuteslater,wearrivedathishouse.H
eshowedhisthanktomeagainandagain.Ismiledandsaiditwasnothing.IwaslaterwhenIgottoschool.Hearinghisstory,theheadteacher,thatwasgiving
hislecture,praisedmebeforeallthestudents.【答案】1.light→lightly2.After后面加入a3.after→before4.while→when5.
wondered→wondering6.walkwithhim去掉with7.thank→thanks8.later→late9.his→my10.that→who【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者下雨天去上学时遇到一位老人，作者想要帮助他但是又担心上学迟到。但是最后决定送
老人回家，尽管到校晚了些，但是听了作者的故事，班主任在所有学生面前表扬了作者。【详解】1.考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词wasraining。故将light改为lightly。2.考查冠词。breakfast是可数名词，此处泛指“一顿快速的早餐”,qu
ick是以辅音音素开头的词，应使用不定冠词a，故在quick前加a。3.考查状语从句的连接词。根据下文“asImightbelateforschool.”可知，此处是上课前十五分钟。故将after改为before。4
.考查固定句型。bedoingsth.when是固定句型，表示“一个动作正在发生时突然出现另一个动作”，故将while改为when。5.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，wonder与主语I是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词作伴随状语，故将wondered
改为wondering。6.考查动词词性。walksb.home表示“护送某人回家”，walk是及物动词，故去掉walk后的with。7.考查名词复数。形容词物主代词his修饰名词，表示“感谢，谢意”用复数形式。根据句意“他
一次又一次地向我表示感谢”。故将thank改为thanks。8.考查副词。句意：大约10分钟后。late的意思是“晚，迟的”；later的意思是“……以后”，故将late改为later。9.考查代词。根据语境，此处表示“听了我的故
事”，故将his改为my。10.考查非限制性定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，指人时用who作主语，故将that改为who。【点睛】定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。先行词和定语从句被逗号分开的是非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句不能用th
at引导。比如第10小题，此处是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，指人时用who作主语，故将that改为who。第二节书面表达（满分25）52.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike想了解中国的春节，请你给他写封回信介绍这个节日。要点如下：1)春节的由来及寓意；2)春节的庆祝活动；3)邀请他
到来中国欢度春节。注意：1)词数100左右；2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3)开头和结尾已为你写好。DearMike,Inyourlastletter,youmentionedthatyouwantto
knowsomethingabouttheSpringFestival.Iamwritingtotellyouaboutit.___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours
,LiHua【答案】DearMike,Inyourlastletter,youmentionedthatyouwanttoknowsomethingabouttheSpringFestival.Iamwritingtotellyouaboutit.SpringF
estivalhasalonghistory,whichwasoriginallycelebratedtoscareawayafiercebeast“Nian”.Slightlydifferentfromthatinthepast,itisnowgivennew
meaningsandregardedasawayforpeopletoenjoyreunionwiththeirfamilieshoweverfartheyliveorwork.OntheNewYear’sEve,eachfamilyhasitsme
mbersgatheredtogether.Theytelleachothertheirlivesinthepastyear,exchangegiftsandeatalotofdeliciousmealsinthewarmthofthefa
mily.Childrencangetluckymoneyinredpaper.Peoplehaveagoodtime,holdingoperaperformances,andothercelebrations.Ihopeyouwillcomehere
andexperiencethiswonderfulfestival.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，要求写一封邮信件，属于提纲类作文。【详解】考生在写作的前必须认真审题。假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike想了解中国的春节，请你给他写封回信介绍这个节日。
写作时人称主要为第一和第二人称，时态主要为一般现在时。在写作中不要遗漏要点，根据要求和提示信息合理安排篇章中各个部分内容的比例，做到详略得当、条理清楚、文字简练。此外要准确使用语法结构和词汇，清楚、连贯地表达
自己的意思。恰当选用衔接词使文章更流畅。写完后检查是否有拼写错误和标点错误等。【点睛】范文全文要点齐全，使用高级短语和词汇hasalonghistory，originally，scareaway，differentfrom，beregardedas等，以及高
级句型SpringFestivalhasalonghistory,whichwasoriginallycelebratedtoscareawayafiercebeast“Nian”.（which引导定语从句）；Slightlydifferentfromthati
nthepast,itisnowgivennewmeaningsandregardedasawayforpeopletoenjoyreunionwiththeirfamilieshoweverfartheyliveorwork.（differentfrom是形容词作伴随状语）；People
haveagoodtime,holdingoperaperformances,andothercelebrations.（使用了非谓语动词作状语）。
