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1北京市师大附中2021-2022学年下学期高一年级期末考试英语试卷本试卷有十道大题。考试时长120分钟，满分150分。第I卷一、听力(本大题共20小题，共20分)第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来

回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomandoinsummer?A.Playbasketball.B.Goclimbing.C.Gosailing.2.Wheredidtheman

growup?A.InCornwall.B.InLondon.C.InBirmingham.3.Whenwillthewomanleavefortheairport?A.At8p.m.B.At9p.m.C.A

t10p.m.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Sendinganinvitation.B.Expressinghisthanks.C.Offeringhishelp.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.GettingLucyagi

ft.B.HoldingabirthdaypartyC.Goingtoastore.第二节听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话

或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheartcourse?A.Challenging.B.Interesting.C.Simple.7.Whatdot

hespeakersagree?A.Theteacherisamazing.B.Theclasssizeisreasonable.C.Thetechniqueisuseful.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdidthewomantryoninthedepartmentstore?A

.Ahat.B.Acoat.C.Asweater.9.Wheredoesthewomanthinkshelostherscarf?2A.Onabus.B.Inthestreet.C.Inashop.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistherela

tionshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Colleagues.C.Doctorandpatient.11.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Examineher.B.Sendhertohospital.C.Gi

vehersomemedicine.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisworried.B.Sheisbadlyill.C.Sheisbored.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.Wh

oistheprojectrunfor?A.Parents.B.Children.C.Employers.14.Whatisthemainbenefitforthespeakerasavolunteer?A.Developingaloveoflea

rning.B.Learningfromothervolunteers.C.Havingtheopportunitytoworkwithchildren.15.Whathelpsthespeakerdecidetobeasocialworker?A.

Theexperienceinworkingwithchildren.B.Theinspirationfromthisproject.C.Thefaithinthisproject.第三节听下面一段独白，完成第16至第

20小题，每空只需填写一个词．．．。听独白前，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你有90秒钟的作答时间。本段独白你将听两遍。HowtoFindanApartmentStep1Makesometimeinyour________.Step2Decideexactlywhatyouwantand

howmuchyoucan________.Step3Buyeverynewspaperyoucanfindandgothroughtheads.Step4Pickoutalltheapartmentswi

thinyour________range.Step5Checkthe________.Step6Reachforthe________二、完形填空(本大题共10小题，共10分)Onewinter,ahomelessdogcalledShaviwaslefttodieonthest

reetsofsouth-westRussiaafterbeing____1____byadriver.Withtwobrokenlegs,shewastakentoapetclinicfor3____2____bya

volunteerfromOneGreenPlanet.AfterlaunchinganappealtofindsomeonewhocouldlookafterShavi,thevetfoundNinawho___

_3____herandnursedherbacktohealth,workingonregainingherconfidenceand____4____.Duetoworkcommitments,Ninacouldn’tkeepShavian

dinsteadfoundheranew____5____185milesaway,neartheRussianborder.However,afterjustafewdays,Shavi____6____fromthere.Twoweekslater,whilewalkingalongth

eroadoutsideherhome,Ninafeltsomethingbrushupagainstherleg.RealizingitwasShavi,shewasso____7____andexc

ited.Thedoghadmadethealmost200-milejourneybacktothewomanwhohadsavedherlifeandlegs.ThepairlivedtogetherandmovedintoabiggerapartmentsoShavihadplentyofr

oomtoplay.“Ofcourse,shehasnowremainedwithusforgood.Iwouldnevergivethiskindoffriendawayagain.____8____arethemostloyalandlo

vingcompanionsintheworld.Foreverydropofhumanlove,they____9____givealloftheirsinreturn,andIknowthatfrompersonalexperience.Shaviis

justlikea____10____tome.”Ninasaid.1.A.abandonedB.adoptedC.caughtD.hit2.A.treatmentB.foodC.weekendD.comfort3.A.colle

ctedB.trainedC.walkedD.visited4.A.patienceB.strengthC.growthD.freedom5.A.friendB.toyC.homeD.cage6.A.recoveredB.sufferedC.wanderedD.disappeared7.A.a

nnoyedB.relaxedC.shockedD.worried8.A.HumansB.VolunteersC.AnimalsD.Drivers9.A.calmlyB.willinglyC.bravelyD.properly10.A.beggarB.childC.lea

derD.stranger【答案】1.D2.A3.D4.B5.C6.D7.C8.C9.B10.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了妮娜从照顾受伤的流浪狗沙维，而后流浪狗不远千里跑回感恩的经历悟出动物是人类最忠诚的伙伴

这个道理。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个冬天，一只名叫沙维的流浪狗被一名司机撞死后，被遗弃在俄罗斯西南部的街道上。A.abandoned抛弃；B.adopted收养；C.caught抓住；D.hit撞击。根据下文“by

adriver.”可知，这只流浪狗沙维被司机撞了。故选D。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两条腿骨折后，她被“同一个绿色星球”的一名志愿者带到宠物诊所接受治疗。A.treatment治疗；B.food食物；C.weekend周末；D.comfort安慰

。根据上文“Withtwobrokenlegs,shewastakentoapetclinic”可知，这只流浪狗沙维腿骨折4被送去治疗。故选A。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：兽医在呼吁寻找能照顾莎维的人后，他找到了

来探望莎维并照顾她恢复健康，努力恢复她的信心和力量的妮娜。A.collected收集；B.trained训练；C.walked散步；D.visited看望。根据下文“andnursedherbacktohealth”可知，妮娜来

照顾狗狗了，说明妮娜来看望这只流浪狗沙维。故选D。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：兽医在呼吁寻找能照顾莎维的人后，他找到了来探望莎维并照顾她恢复健康，努力恢复她的信心和力量的妮娜。A.patience耐心

；B.strength力量；C.growth成长；D.freedom自由。根据上文“workingonregainingherconfidence”可知，妮娜恢复流浪狗沙维的自信和力量。故选B。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于工作繁忙，妮娜不能收留莎维，而是在185英里外的俄罗斯边境给

她找了个新家。A.friend朋友；B.toy玩具；C.home家园；D.cage笼子。根据上文“Ninacouldn’tkeepShavi”可知，妮娜不能收养沙维，就帮它找了一个新家。故选C。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，仅仅几天之

后，沙维就从那里消失了。A.recovered恢复；B.suffered遭受；C.wandered徜徉；D.disappeared消失。根据上文“However，afterjustafewdays”和下文“RealizingitwasShavi”可知，沙维来找妮娜

了，however表示转折，找到新家，但是沙维消失不见了。故选D。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她意识到那是沙维时，她既震惊又兴奋。A.annoyed生气的；B.relaxed放松的；C.shocked惊讶的；D.worried担忧的。根据下文“andexc

ited”以及“Thedoghadmadethealmost200-milejourneybacktothewomanwhohadsavedherlifeandlegs.”可知，这只狗跑了近200英里，回到了救了她的命和腿的女人身边。妮娜看到沙维很惊讶。故选C。【8题详解】考查名词

词义辨析。句意：动物是世界上最忠诚、最可爱的伙伴。A.Humans人类；B.Volunteers志愿者；C.Animals动物；D.Drivers司机。根据下文“Foreverydropofhumanlove,they9givealloftheirsinreturn,”可知，动物是人类最忠诚

的伙伴。故选C。【9题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于人类的每一滴爱，它们都愿意付出它们所有的爱，这是我从个人经验中知道的。A.calmly冷静地；B.willingly乐意地；C.bravely勇敢地

；D.5properly正确地。根据上文“Thedoghadmadethealmost200-milejourneybacktothewomanwhohadsavedherlifeandlegs.”可知，妮娜从照顾流浪狗，流浪狗不远千里跑回感恩的经历悟出“对于人类的每一滴爱，它们都愿意付

出它们所有的爱”这个道理。故选B。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“沙维对我来说就像个孩子。”妮娜说。A.beggar乞丐；B.child孩子；C.leader领导；D.stranger陌生人。根据上文“arethemostloyalandlovingcompanionsintheworld

.”可知，妮娜把沙维当做自己的孩子。故选B。三、阅读理解(本大题共20小题，共30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分)ANewJerseyBotanicalGardenMembershipIt’seasytojoinNewJerseyBotanicalGarden(N

JBG)Membershiporrenewyourmembershiponline,byphoneorbymail.Andit’ssoimportanttotheBotanicalGarden!Yourmembershipdollarshelptoimpro

vetheGarden,andprovideeducationalandrecreational(娱乐的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.Thankyouforyoursupport!Tojoinorrenew,pleaseclickon

theappropriatesectionandmembershipcategorybelowforsafeandconvenientonlinepaymentprocessingbyPayPal.Ifyoupref

ertojoinbyphoneormail,calltheNJBGofficeat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendinourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatPDFfile).★JoinNJBGTodayMembershipCategor

yIndividualDual(两人共用)StudentAnnualDues$35$60$25Special:Save$5withBiennialDues(两年会费)$60$100$40★RenewYourMembershipMembership

CategoryIndividualDualStudentAnnualDues$30$50$25Special:Save$5withBiennialDues$50$80$40TheBotanicalGardenstartedlifeasSkylands,alarge

areainthegrandmanner.Itisfamousfora44-roomTudorRevivalgranitemansion(公馆)designedbyJohnRussellPope.Skylandshas96acresofformalandnaturalizedgard

ensandissurroundedbyover1,000acresofmeadows(草6坪)andwoodlands.PurchasedbytheStatein1966andofficiallynamedasthe

NewJerseyBotanicalGardenin1984,thegardenscontainapproximately5,000speciesandvarietiesoftreesandflowers.Foryo

u,theNJBGisanexcitingandbeautifulplacetovisitwhereyoumayenjoyeachseason’sbest.Membersenjoyspecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducational

opportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners.YourNJBGmembershipoffersyoudiscountsatparticipatingnurseries,gardencente

rsandotherfinebusinesses.SimplypresentyourNJBGmembershipcardwhenbeginningyourpurchase:·GoffleBrookFarmandGardenCenter,(201)652-754010%offy

ourpurchase·MetropolitanPlantExchange,(973)638-761312%offyourpurchase·Rohsler’sAllendaleNursery&Florist,(201)327-315615%offyourpurchase11.The

NJBGmembershipdollarscanbeusedto___________.A.offerfurthereducationB.updateonlinepaymentC.providebetterserviceD.protecttheenvironment12.Tojoi

nNJBGmembership,youcancallitsofficeat___________.A.(201)327-3156B.(201)652-7540C.(973)962-9534D.(973)638-761313.Tor

enewtheone-yearmembershipforyourparents,youneedtopay___________.A.$50B.$60C.$80D.$10014.NewJerseyBotanicalGarden___________.A.wasof

ficiallynamedin1966B.wasdesignedbyJohnRussellPopeC.invitesmemberstoorganizeactivitiesD.givesmembersdiscountsfortheirpurchase【答案】11.

C12.C13.A14.D【解析】【分析】本文是一则广告，文章介绍了办理NJBG会员的费用、程序、联系方式和好处。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的YourmembershipdollarshelptoimprovetheGarden,andpr

ovideeducationalandrecreational(娱乐的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.可知，你的会员美元有助于改善花园，并为公众提供教育和娱乐活动。由此可知，NJBG会员美元可以用来提供更好的服务。故C项正确。7【12题详解】细节理解题。根

据第三段Ifyouprefertojoinbyphoneormail,calltheNJBGofficeat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendinourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatPDFfi

le).可知，如果您想通过电话或邮件加入，请致电NJBG办公室(973)962-9534或下载并发送我们的会员手册（AdobeAcrobatPDF文件）。故C项正确。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据RenewYo

urMembership表格中AnnualDues一栏对应的Dual数值是$50可知，为父母续签一年的会员资格需要花费$50。故A项正确。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后部分中10%offyourp

urchase，12%offyourpurchase和15%offyourpurchase可知，新泽西植物园在会员购买时能够打折。故D项正确。【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇广告，介绍了办理NJBG会员的费用、程序、联系方式和好处。2.

按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如forexample,first,second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节

出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题4根据PurchasedbytheStatein1966andofficiallynamedastheNewJerseyBota

nicalGardenin1984,可知，新泽西植物园被官方命名的时间是1984年，A项错误。根据Itisfamousfora44-roomTudorRevivalgranitemansion(公馆)des

ignedbyJohnRussellPope.可知，JohnRussellPope设计的是TudorRevivalgranitemansion不是新泽西植物园，B项错误。根据Membersenjoysp

ecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducationalopportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners可知，会员们可以在新泽西植物园参加活动，而不是组织活动。C项

错误。根据最后部分中10%offyourpurchase，12%offyourpurchase和15%offyourpurchase可知，新泽西植物园在会员购买时能够打折，故D项正确。BIhaveayoungerbr

other.Tome,heisafourteen-year-oldkidnamedJoe,withblondhairandblueeyes.Toothers,heisdifferent.WhereIsee

akidwhojustneedsalotmoreattention,othersseeamentallydisabledboy,akidwhocannotwalkortalkorthinkforhimself.Iseesomeonewhojustmakesdailyroutineabitle

ssroutine.Othersseeanannoyance,Iabother.ThisisnottosaythatIhaveneverfeltresentful(怨恨的)towardJoe.Heismybrothe

r,andwiththatcomesresponsibility.“Gina,couldyoustayintonightandwatchyourbrother?”“Gina,domeafavorandfeedhimdinnerandchangehisdiape

r(尿布)later,please?”“CouldyoucomehomerightafterschooltodayandgetJoeoffthebus?”8ThesearephrasesthatIhav

eheardsinceIwastwelve.Andsure,theyhavemademeresentmybrothertoacertainextent.Iwouldthink:that’snotfair!Everyoneel

secanstayafterandbeamemberofthisclub,orgetextrahelpfromthatteacher.Or,allmyfriendsaregoingouttonight,whycan’tI?And,howcomeIha

vetofeedhim?Heisnotmyson!However,thesmallamountofresentmentIfeeltowardmybrotheriserasedathousandtimesoverbywhatIhavelearnedfromhim.Besidesmakingmere

sponsiblefromayoungage,andhelpingmebemoreacceptingofallkindsofpeople,hehastaughtmetobethankfulforwhatIhave.Iknowtha

ttherearemomentsinmylifethatIshouldcherishandthatJoewillneverexperience.Hewillneverlaughsohardthathecries.Hewilln

everfeelthegloryofastraight-Areportcard.Hewillnevercomfortabestfriendcryingonhisshoulder.Andhewillneverknowhowmuchhisfamilylovehim

.Becausehewillneverknow,itisuptometoknow,everysecond,howluckyIam.Itisuptometorealizethatlifeshouldbelivedtoitsfullest,andthatyoushouldalways,always

begratefulthatGod,orwhoeverarethepowersthatbe,gaveyoutheabilitytoliveyourlifethewayyouweremeanttolivei

t.15.WeknowfromthefirstparagraphthatGina’sbrother__________.A.causestroubletoneighboursB.paysmoreattentiontoothersC.liveswithmentaldisabili

tyD.considersdailyroutineabother16.IfMotherasksGinatolookafterherbrothernow,whatwillsheprobablyanswer?A.I'mafraidnot.B.Noproblem!C.

Itdepends.D.It’snotfair!17.Thepassageintendstotellusthatweshould_____________.A.valuethegloryofsuccessB.app

reciatewhatlifegivesusC.comfortunfortunatepeopleD.treasuremeaningfulmoments【答案】15.C16.B17.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在本

文中介绍了自己的弟弟Joe天生残疾，作者花很多时间和精力照顾他，弟弟让作者学会了责任，弟弟让作者学会了要对自己所拥有的事物心存感激之情。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhereIseeakidwhojustneedsalotmoreattenti

on,othersseeamentallydisabledboy,akidwhocannotwalkortalkorthinkforhimself.(我看到的是一个需要更多关注的孩子，而其他人看到的是一个智障男孩，一个不能走路、

说话或独立思考的孩子。)”可知，作者的弟弟是一个精神残疾的儿童。故选C项。【16题详解】9推理判断题。根据第四段“Besidesmakingmeresponsiblefromayoungage,andhelpingmebemoreacceptingofallkindsofpeople,heha

staughtmetobethankfulforwhatIhave.(除了从小培养我的责任感，帮助我更能接受各种各样的人，他还教会我要对自己所拥有的一切心存感激。)”可知，Joe让作者学会了很多，那么可以推测

出下次妈妈再让吉娜照顾他弟弟的时候，肯定不会推辞。故选B项。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itisuptometorealizethatlifeshouldbelivedtoitsfulle

st,andthatyoushouldalways,alwaysbegratefulthatGod,orwhoeverarethepowersthatbe,gaveyoutheabilitytolive

yourlifethewayyouweremeanttoliveit.”（我应该意识到生活应该充实，你应该永远，永远感激上帝，或者任何有能力的人，赋予你能力，让你按照自己想要的方式生活。）以及全文内容可知，作者在本文中介绍了自己的弟弟Joe天生残疾，作者花

很多时间和精力照顾他，弟弟让作者学会了责任，弟弟让作者学会了要对自己所拥有的事物心存感激之情。所以作者通过这篇文章要告诉我们要感激生活给与我们的一切。故选B项。CDoeshappinesshaveasce

nt?Whensomeoneishappy,canyousmellit?Youcanusuallytellwhensomeoneishappybasedonseeingthemsmile,heatingthemlaughorperhapsfromrecei

vingabighug.Butcanyoualsosmelltheirhappiness?Surprisingnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessdoesindeedhaveascent,andthatthee

xperienceofhappinesscanbetransmittedthroughsmell,reportsPhys.org.Forthestudy,12youngmenwereshownvideosmeanttobringaboutavarietyofem

otionswhileresearchersgatheredsweatsamplesfromthem.Allofthemenwerehealthyandnoneofthemweredrugusersorsmokers,andallwere

askedtoabstainfromdrinkingoreatingsmellyfoodsduringthestudyperiod.Thosesweatsampleswerethengivento36equallyhealthyyoungwomentosmell,whileresearcher

smonitoredtheirreactions.Onlywomenwereselectedtosmellthesamples,apparentlybecausepreviousresearchhasshownthatwomenhaveabettersens

eofsmellthanmenandarealsomoresensitivetoemotionalsignaling—thoughit'sunclearwhyonlymenwerechosentoproducethesc

ents.Researchersfoundthatthebehaviorofthewomenaftersmellingthescents--particularlytheir10facialexpressions--indicateda

relationshipbetweentheemotionalstatesofthemenwhoproducedthesweatandthewomenwhosniffedthem."Humansweatp

roducedwhenapersonishappybringsaboutastatesimilartohappinessinsomebodywhobreathesthissmell,"saidstudyc

o-authorGunSemin,aprofessoratKocUniversityinTurkey.Thisisafascinatingfindingbecauseitnotonlymeansthathappinessdoeshaveascent,butthatth

escentiscapableoftransmittingtheemotiontoothers.Thestudyalsofoundthatotheremotions,suchasfear,seemtocarryascenttoo.Thisensu

respreviousresearchsuggestingthatsomenegativeemotionshaveasmell,butitisthefirsttimethishasprovedtobetrueofpositivefeelings.Researchersh

aveyettoisolate(分离)exactlywhatthechemicalcompoundforthehappinesssmellis,butyoumightimaginewhatthepotential

applicationsforsuchafindingcouldbe.Happinessperfumes,forinstance,couldbeinvented.Scenttherapies(香味疗法)couldalsob

edevelopedtohelppeoplethroughdepressionoranxiety.Perhapsthemostsurprisingresultofthestudy,however,isourbroadenedunderstand

ingofhowemotionsgetcommunicated,andalsohowourownemotionsarepotentiallymanagedthroughoursocialcontextandtheemotionalstatesofthosearo

undus.18.Whatisthemainfindingofthenewresearch?A.Menproducemoresweats.B.Negativeemotionshaveasmell.C.Pleasantfeelingscanbesmeltout.DWome

nhaveabettersenseofsmell.19.Theunderlinedpart"abstainfrom"inParagraph3probablymeans_______.AavoidB.practiceC.continueD.try20.Wh

atistheapplicationvalueofthenewresearch?A.Perfumescouldhelppeopleunderstandeachother.B.Somesmellscouldbedevelopedtobetterourmood.C.Perfumescouldbep

roducedtocurephysicaldiseases.D.Somesmellscouldbecreatedtoimproveourappearance.21.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_______

.A.happinesscomesfromascentofsweatB.positiveenergycandeepenunderstandingC.peopleneedmoreemotionalcommunicationD.so

cialsurroundingscaninfluenceouremotions【答案】18.C19.A20.B21.D【解析】..11【分析】这是一篇说明文。通过研究发现，快乐是能被闻出来的。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Surprisingnewresea

rchsuggeststhathappinessdoesindeedhaveascent,andthattheexperienceofhappinesscanbetransmittedthroughsmell,reports

Phys.org.”可知，令人惊讶的新研究表明，幸福确实有一种气味，幸福的体验可以通过气味来传递，报告说Phys.org网站。所以研究的发现是愉快的感觉能够被闻出来。故选C。【19题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Allofthemenwerehealthyandnon

eofthemweredrugusersorsmokers”可知，所有的男性都很健康，没有一个是吸毒者或吸烟者。当时研究者是需要参加实验的人员不能喝酒和吃味道大的食物以免影响了研究的结果。所以划线词的意思是“避免”的意思。故选A。

【20题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第八段中的“Happinessperfumes，forinstance，couldbeinvented.Scenttherapiescouldalsobedevelopedtohelppeoplethro

ughdepressionoranxiety”可知，比如，可以发明幸福香水。气味疗法也可以用来帮助人们克服抑郁或焦虑。所以这个研究可以应用到香水的使用方面，所以新研究的应用价值是香水可以用来治疗身体疾病。故选B正确。【21题详解】推

理判断题。根据对文章最后一段中“ourownemotionsarepotentiallymanagedthroughoursocialcontextandtheemotionalstatesofthosearou

ndus”我们自己的情绪是如何通过我们的社会环境和周围人的情绪状态来管理的。可推断社会的环境会影响到我们个人的情绪，故选D。DAstheworld’spopulationgrows,farmerswillneedtoproducemoreandm

orefood.Andlargefarmsareincreasinglyusingprecisionfarmingtoincreaseyields(产量),reducewaste,andreducetheeconomicandsecurityrisksthatinevitabl

yaccompanyagriculturaluncertainty.Traditionalfarmingreliesonmanagingentirefields—makingdecisionsrelatedtoplanting,harvesting,irrig

ating,andapplyingpesticidesandfertilizer(农药和化肥)—basedonregionalconditionsandhistoricaldata.Precisionfarming,bycontrast,combinessensors,robots,GPS,map

pingtoolsanddata-analyticssoftwaretocustomize（量身定制）thecarethatplantsreceivewithoutincreasinglabor.Robot-mountedsensorsandcamera-equippeddron

es(无人机)wirelesslysendimagesanddataonindividualplantstoacomputer,whichlooksforsignsofhealthandstress.Farmersreceivethefeedbackinrealtimeandthendeliv

erwater,pesticideorfertilizerinadjusteddoses（剂量）toonlytheareasthatneedit.Thetechnologycanalsohelp12farmersdecidewhentop

lantandharvestcrops.Asaresult,precisionfarmingcanimprovetimemanagement,reducewaterandchemicaluse,andproducehealthiercropsandhigheryields—a

llofwhichbenefitfarmers’bottomlinesandconserveresourceswhilereducingchemicalrunoff.Manysmallbusiness

esaredevelopingnewsoftware,sensors,andothertoolsforprecisionfarming,asarelargecompaniessuchasMonsanto,

JohnDeere,Bayer,DowandDuPont.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,NASAandtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationallsupportprecisionfarming,a

ndmanycollegesnowoffercourseworkonthetopic.Inarelateddevelopment,seedproducersareapplyingtechnologytoimproveplantcharac

teristics.Byfollowingindividualplantsovertimeandanalyzingwhichonesflourishindifferentconditions,companiescanrelatetheplants’re

sponsetotheirenvironmentswiththeirgenomics(基因组学).Thatinformation,inturn,allowsthecompaniestoproduceseedvarietiesthatwillgrowwellinspecificsoiland

weatherconditions.Thisadvancedtechnologymayalsohelptoimprovecropnutrition.Farmersdonotuniversallywelcomeprecisionagriculture

forvariousreasons,suchashighequipmentcostsandlackofaccesstotheInternet.Thetechnologymaybringgreatchallengestoexperiencedfarmerswhoarenotgooda

tcomputers.Andlargesystemswillalsobebeyondthereachofmanysmallfarmingoperationsindevelopingnations.Butless

expensive,simplersystemscouldpotentiallybeapplied.Forothers,though,costsavingsinthelongrunmayreducethefinancialconcerns.Andhoweverre

ticentsomefarmersmaybetoadoptnewtechnology,thenextgenerationoffarmersarelikelytowarmtotheapproach.22.Precisionfarmingdiffersfromt

raditionalfarmingpartlybecauseit________.A.guaranteeshighyieldswithmorelaborB.reliesonregionalconditionsandhistoricaldataC.offersplentyof

water,pesticidesandfertilizerD.providesrealtimeinformationabouttargetcrops23.Aboutprecisionfarming,wecanlearnthat____

____.A.thegovernmentholdsacautiousattitudeB.itdrawspositiveresponsesfrombusinessesC.seedproducershavealreadymadeh

ugeprofitsD.largesystemswillsoonbebuiltindevelopingnations24.Theunderlinedword“reticent”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A.disappointedB.conf

usedC.unwillingD.shocked25.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PrecisionFarmingIncreasesCropYieldsB.MoreChallengesFacedbyMode

rnFarmersCDevelopmentofFarmingSystemsintheU.S..13D.TraditionalFarmingisGraduallyDisappearing【答案】22.D23.B24.C25.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们说明了精准农业提高

产量，减少浪费，降低伴随着农业不确定性不可避免地的经济和安全风险。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Traditionalfarmingreliesonmanagingentirefields—making

decisionsrelatedtoplanting,harvesting,irrigating,andapplyingpesticidesandfertilizer(农药和化肥)—basedonregionalconditi

onsandhistoricaldata.”（传统农业依赖于对整个农田的管理——根据地区条件和历史数据作出与种植、收获、灌溉和施用农药和化肥有关的决策。）；根据文章第三段“Precisionfarming,bycontrast,combinessensor

s,robots,GPS,mappingtoolsanddata-analyticssoftwaretocustomize（量身定制）thecarethatplantsreceivewithoutincreasingl

abor.”（相比之下，精准农业结合了传感器、机器人、GPS、地图工具和数据分析软件，在不增加劳动力的情况下量身定制植物所接受的照料。）通过对比可知，精准农业不同于传统农业的部分原因在于它利用科技，实时获取目标作物的信息，量身定制植物所接受的照

料。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Manysmallbusinessesaredevelopingnewsoftware,sensors,andothertoolsforprecisionfarming,asarelargecompaniessuc

hasMonsanto,JohnDeere,Bayer,DowandDuPont.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,NASAandtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministr

ationallsupportprecisionfarming,andmanycollegesnowoffercourseworkonthetopic.”（许多小企业正在开发新的软件、传感器和其他用于精确农业的工具，像孟山都、约翰迪尔、拜耳、陶氏化学和杜邦等大公司也是如此。美国农业部

、美国国家航空航天局和美国国家海洋和大气管理局都支持精准农业，现在许多大学都开设了这方面的课程。）市场上很多公司在开发应用于精准农业的软件和工具，从他们的反映和行动来看，精准农业得到了商业的积极响应。故选B项。【24题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Farmers

donotuniversallywelcomeprecisionagricultureforvariousreasons,suchashighequipmentcostsandlackofaccesstoth

eInternet.Thetechnologymaybringgreatchallengestoexperiencedfarmerswhoarenotgoodatcomputers.”（由于设备成本高、无法上网等原因，农民并不普遍欢迎精准农业。该技术可能会给不擅长计算机的有经验的农民带来巨大

的挑战。）可知目前大多数农民是不喜欢精准农业的；根据文章“Andhoweverreticentsomefarmersmaybetoadoptnewtechnology,thenextgenerationof

farmersarelikelytowarmtotheapproach.”（尽管有些农民可能会reticent采用新技术,下一代农民可能会倾向于采取这种做法。）由however“尽管”和thenextgeneratio

noffarmers14arelikelytowarmtotheapproach“下一代农民可能会倾向于采取这种做法”可知however后面表示的是与“thenextgenerationoffarmersarelikely

towarmtotheapproach（下一代农民可能会倾向于采取这种做法）”相反的事情，即有些农民可能会不愿意采用新技术，这个与本段前面所说的“Farmersdonotuniversallywelcomeprecisionagriculture”（农民并不普遍欢迎精准

农业）相吻合。即可推知reticent意为“不愿意”。故选C项。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Andlargefarmsareincreasinglyusingprecisionfarmingtoincreaseyields(产量),r

educewaste,andreducetheeconomicandsecurityrisksthatinevitablyaccompanyagriculturaluncertainty.”（大型农场越来越多地使用精准农业来提高产量，减少浪费，降低伴随着农业不确定性的不可避免地经济和安全风险。）可

知文章开头提出精准农业提高产量，减少浪费和降低经济和安全风险这样一个观点，文章后面段落一直在围绕这个观点说明其原理。故A选项“PrecisionFarmingIncreasesCropYields”（精准

农业增加作物产量）可作为文章标题，故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。HealthySee,HealthyDoVisitthegrocerystoreonanemptystom

ach,andyouwillprobablycomehomewithafewthingsyoudidnotplantobuy.Buthungerisnottheonlycauseofadditionalpurchases.Thelocationofstoredisplays(摆放)alsoi

nfluencesourshoppingchoices.___26___Thecheckoutareaisaparticularhotspotforjunkfood.Studieshavefoundthatthepro

ductsmostcommonlyfoundtherearesugaryandsaltysnacks.___27___A2012studyintheNetherlandsfoundthathospitalworkerswere

morelikelytogiveupjunkfoodforhealthysnackswhenthelatterweremorereadilyavailableoncanteenshelves,forexample.In2014NorwegianandIcelandicresearchersa

lsofoundthatreplacingunhealthyfoodswithhealthyonesinthecheckoutareasignificantlyincreasedlast-minutesalesofhealthierfoo

ds.___28___Ithasbeenworkingwithmorethan1,000storeownerstoencouragethemtoorderandpromotenutritiousfoods.“

Weknowthatthestoresarefullofcues(暗示)meanttoencourageconsumption,”saysTamarAdjoian,aresearchscientistatthedepartment,“M

akinghealthyfoodsmoreconvenientorappealingcanleadtoincreasedsalesofthoseproducts.”Adjoianandhercollea

gueswonderedifsuchfindingswouldapplytotheircity’scrowdedurbancheckoutareas,sotheyselectedthreeBronxsupermarketsfortheirownstudy

.___29___Thentheyrecordedpurchasesoversixthree-hourperiodsineachstorefortwoweeks.Ofthemorethan2,100shopperstheyobserved,just4per

centboughtanythingfromthecheckoutarea.Amongthosewhodid,however,customersinthehealthylinespurchasednutritious15foodsmorethantwiceasoftenasthoseinthe

standardlines.___30___ThefindingswerereportedinSeptemberintheJournalofNutritionEducationandBehavior.Thepotentialinfluencemayseemsmall,butAdjoi

anbelievesthatchangingmorecheckoutlineswouldopencustomers’eyestonutritious,lower-caloriefoods.Healthdepartment

officialsarenowexploringwaystoexpandhealthyoptionsatcheckoutcountersthroughoutNewYorkCity.A.Thesefoodsgivepeoplemoreenergy.B.Theyboughtunh

ealthyfoods40percentlessoften.C.Anditmaymakeorbreaksomehealthyeatinghabits.D.Thesupermarketsbegantooffernutritious,lower-caloriefoods.E.Thes

efindingscaughttheattentionofNewYorkCityDepartmentofHealth.F.Theyreplacedcandiesandcookieswithfruitsandnutsnearthecheckoutcounter.G.Andafewstudies

havesuggestedthatsimplyswappinginhealthieroptionscanchangecustomerbehavior.【答案】26.C27.G28.E29.F30.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇

说明文。文章用几个实验向我们证明了商店里商品的摆放位置，特别是结账处附近的商品摆放会影响我们购物的选择。所以健康部门和专家都呼吁将健康食品放在这些地方，提高大家对健康食品的关注度。【26题详解】空格位于首段最后一句。空格前一句句意为：店内商品的摆放位置也会影响购物的选择。选项C中

的it与上句话中的“Thelocation”可形成指代关系，并且“makeorbreaksomehealthyeatinghabits”与文章主题（HealthySee,HealthyDo看到的健康的，买的就是健康的）呼应。故选C。【27题详解】空格位于段中。空格前句意为

：结账处摆放的商品经常是糖或者咸的零食。空格后的两个举例都是强调如果购物者看到的经常是健康食品的话，他们会更多的选择健康食品。由此可推知，空格处应该是强调换一下摆放在结账处的食品的重要性。选项G中的“simplyswappinginhealthieroptionsca

nchangecustomerbehavior（简单地将垃圾食品换成健康一点的食品能改变顾客的购物行为）”与这一语境呼应，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。【28题详解】空格位于段首。由本段中的“arese

archscientistatthedepartment”可知，前边应该出现过department，选项E中的“DepartmentofHealth”与之呼应。故选E。【29题详解】空格位于段中。分析文章结构，第四段和第五段主要讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验。空16格前句意

为：为了证明把健康食品放在收银处，是不是影响拥挤的市区内的顾客的购买行为，他们选择了三家超市。空格后句意为：他们连续三周每天分六次每次三小时记录购买情况。可以推知，中间一句话应该是实验的设置方式。选项F中的“Theyreplacedcandiesandcookieswithfruitsandn

utsnearthecheckoutcounter（他们把收银处附近的糖和饼干换成了水果和坚果）”与这个试验的目的一致。故选F。【30题详解】空格位于段中。这一段讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验的结果。由空格后的thesefindings可知，前边至少有两项发现。空格前句意为：

在那些在收银处买了东西的人当中，站在健康食品队列的人比站在不健康食品队列的人买了多于两倍的东西。这是一个发现，选项B中的“Theyboughtunhealthyfoods40percentlessoften.（他们买不健康食品的概率也降低了4

0%。）”与上一句句式接近，并且表达的是与上一句意思一致的一个发现，又与下句中的“thesefindings”呼应。故选B。【点睛】七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的

自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。例如本文中的第一题、第四题要分别借助于篇章结构和段落结构解题。第二题依据段落内空格前后语义之间的关系解题，第三题和第五

题依据词汇呼应解题。这篇七选五是比较难的题目，大家要着重分析文章和段落的结构。具体解题过程看详解。四、词汇选择(本大题共15小题，共15分)31.Wereadthereport________butcould

n’tfindtheinformationanywhere.A.literallyB.slightlyC.thoroughlyD.periodically【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们把报告看得很透彻，但到处都找不到相关信息。A.literall

y按照字面意义地；B.slightly稍微；C.thoroughly彻底地；D.periodically定期地。由“butcouldn’tfindtheinformationanywhere”可知，句子表示“我们把报告看得很透彻，但到处都

找不到相关信息”，空格处意为“彻底地”，故选C。32.Addingsomecolorsandvisualaidstotheteachingcanhelpteachers________students'passionforlearning.A.automateB.estima

teC.situateD.stimulate【答案】D【解析】17【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在教学中添加一些颜色和视觉辅助可以帮助教师激励学生的学习激情。A.automate使自动化；B.estimate估计；C.situate使位于；D.stimula

te激励。由下文的“students'passionforlearning”可知，此处表示激励学生的学习激情。故选D。33.Thetelevisionstationhasreceivedseveral___

_____fromviewersaskingforarepeatoftheclassicTVseries.A.facilitiesB.inquiresC.componentsD.supplies【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析

。句意：电视台收到了几个观众的询问，要求重播这部经典电视剧。A.facilities设施；B.inquires询问；C.components零件；D.supplies供应物。由语意可知，观众要求重播这部电视剧，因此可知，电视台收到了一些观众的询问。故选B项。34.Toleadagreenli

fe,remembernottoleavethelightonwhenyougoout.Additionally,LEDlightscanbeabetterchoiceasthey________verylesspower.A.consumeB.assumeC.resolveD.conv

erse【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过绿色生活，出门时记得不要忘了关灯。此外，LED灯可以是一个更好的选择，因为它们消耗非常少的电力。A.consume消耗；B.assume假设；C.resolve决定；D.converse对

话。根据后文“verylesspower”指消耗电力，应用consume。故选A。35.Afterseveraldiscussions,theteamreachedanagreementto________withthetraditionalrouteincase

ofunexpecteddangers.A.postponeB.possessC.proceedD.process【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几次讨论，团队达成协议，在出现意外危险的情况下继续走传统路线。A.postpone推迟，延期；B.possess

拥有，具有；C.proceed继续，接着做；D.process加工。由语意可知，此处指“继续走传统路线”，proceedwithsth.意为“继续进行……”，故选C项。36.Allentrancestothenationalparkare________close

dduetothedangerousfloodingcausedbytherecentheavyrain.A.annuallyB.graduallyC.initiallyD.18temporarily【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于近期

的暴雨引发了危险的洪水，国家公园的所有入口暂时关闭。A.annually每年；B.gradually逐渐地；C.initially开始；D.temporarily暂时地。根据后文“duetothedangerousfloodingcausedbytherecentheavyrai

n”指公园入口因为洪水暂时关闭。故选D。37.The________featureofhispaintingsistheuseofvividcolorswhichexpressstrongemotionsandaddafeeli

ngofmovementtohisworks.A.contemporaryB.resourcefulC.internalD.dominant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的绘画的主要特点是使用生动的色彩，表达强烈的情感，并为他的作品增添动感。A.contem

porary当代的；B.resourceful足智多谋的；C.internal内部的；D.dominant显著的。根据空后“featureofhispaintings”可知，本句话主要描述了她的绘画的显著特点。dominant“显著的”，符合语境。故选D。38

.Forthosewhohavegonethroughhunger,theyseeYuanLongpingasaherowhosolvedtheproblemoffood________.A.formationB.shortageC.ignora

nceD.expertise【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些经历过饥饿的人来说，他们将袁隆平视为解决了粮食短缺问题的英雄。A.formation形成；B.shortage短缺

；C.ignorance无知；D.expertise专门技能。由语意可知，那些经历过饥饿的人之所以将袁隆平视为英雄，那是因为袁隆平解决了粮食短缺的问题。故选B项。39.________snowiswidelyusedtoreplacenaturals

nowattheskiresortssothatvisitorscanaccesswintersports,roundtheyear.A.SubstantialB.VirtualC.Artificial

D.Multiple【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人造雪被广泛用于替代滑雪场的天然雪，这样游客可以全年参加冬季运动。A.Substantial结实的；B.Virtual虚拟的；C.Artificial人造的；D.19Multiple数量多的。根据“r

eplacenaturalsnow”可知，在滑雪场，人们用人造雪来代词天然雪，这样游客可以全年参加冬季运动。artificial“人造的”，符合语境。故选C。40.ThepraiseandadmirationSophiareceivedafterherfirstpu

blicperformanceinthehall________herself-confidence.A.reflectedB.representedC.bouncedD.boosted【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：索菲亚在大厅首次公开演出后

获得的赞扬和钦佩增强了她的自信。A.reflected反映；B.represented代表；C.bounced反弹；D.boosted增强。根据“ThepraiseandadmirationSophiareceivedafterherfirstpublicperformanceinthehall

”可知，索菲亚在公演中得到的赞扬和钦佩增强了她的自信。boost“增强”，符合语境。故选D。41.Everyone________difficultieswithacademicworkatonetimeoranother,andovercomingt

hesechallengesisavitalpartoflearningaswell.A.encountersB.survivesC.defeatsD.registers【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人在学术工作中都会遇到困难，克服这些挑战也是学习的重要组成部分。A.

encounters遇到，遭遇；B.survives幸存；C.defeats打败，战胜；D.registers登记，注册。由语意可知，空格处指“遇到困难”，然后才会克服这些困难。故选A项。42.Manyindus

triesthat________yearsagoarefacingseriousproblemsasaresultofglobalfinancialcrisis.A.distributedB.flourishedC.de

clinedD.transformed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于全球金融危机，许多多年前蓬勃发展的行业正面临严重问题。A.distributed分发；B.flourished蓬勃发展；C.declined下降；D.

transformed使转化。由“yearsagoarefacingseriousproblemsasaresultofglobalfinancialcrisis”可知，句子表示“由于全球金融危机，许多多年前蓬勃发展的行业正面临严重问题”，空格处意为“蓬勃发

展”，故选B。43.Thenewdeviceallowsfamilymembersordoctorsto________monitorthepatients.A.increasinglyB.narrowl

yC.similarlyD.remotely20【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：新设备允许家庭成员或医生远程监控患者。A.increasingly越来越多地；B.narrowly狭隘地；C.similarly类似地；D.remotely远程地

。根据“Thenewdevice”可知，新设备可以让医生远程监控患者。remotely“远程地”，符合语境。故选D。44.Inthelastpartofthismovie,themangivesaninspirationalspeechaboutthepursuitofhappiness,lea

dingtoa(n)________ending.A.strikingB.willingC.upliftingD.frustrating【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这部电影的最后一部分，这位男士发表了一篇鼓舞人心

的演讲，讲述了对幸福的追求，并以令人振奋的结局收场。A.striking惊人的；B.willing乐意的；C.uplifting令人振奋的；D.frustrating令人沮丧的。根据“themangivesaninspirationalspeech”可知，这位男士发表了一篇鼓舞人心

的演讲，讲述了对幸福的追求，并以令人振奋的结局收场。uplifting“令人振奋的”，符合语境。故选C。45.PartofBeijingSubwayLine19hasalreadybeenputintooperation,andthegovernmenthas________

thatfourmorestationsonthislinewillopenwithin2022.A.definedB.disarmedC.declaredD.demanded【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：北京地铁19号线的一部分已经投入运营，政府宣布该线将在2022年内再

开通四个车站。A.defined定义；B.disarmed解除武装；C.declared宣布；D.demanded要求。根据空前“thegovernment”可知，政府宣布在2022年内再开通四个北京地铁19号线的车站。declare“宣布”，符合语境。故选C。第II卷五、单词拼写(

本大题共10小题，共10分)汉译英46.雕塑，雕刻n.s________47.内科医生n.p________48.工程师，设计师n.e________49.垃圾n.g________50.宇航员，航天员n.a________2151.液体n.l________52.执照，许可n.l

________53.埃及的adj.埃及人n.E________54.南方的，南部的adj.s________55.全球的adj.g________【答案】46.sculpture47.physician48.engine

er49.garbage50.astronaut51.liquid52.license53.Egyptian54.southern55.global【解析】【46题详解】考查名词。sculpture意“雕塑，雕刻”。故填sculpture。

【47题详解】考查名词。physician意为“内科医生”。故填physician。【48题详解】考查名词。engineer意为“工程师，设计师”。故填engineer。【49题详解】考查名词。garbage意为“垃圾”。故填garbage。【50题详解】考查名词。a

stronaut意为“宇航员，航天员”。故填astronaut。【51题详解】考查名词。liquid意为“液体”。故填liquid。【52题详解】考查名词。license意为“执照，许可”。故填license。【53题详解】考查名词。E

gyptian意为“埃及的，埃及人”。故填Egyptian。【54题详解】考查形容词。southern意为“南方的，南部的”。故填southern。【55题详解】考查形容词。global意为“全球的”。故填

global。为22六、短语拼写(本大题共10小题，共20分)汉译英56.申请理想的大学________57.强调词汇的重要性________58.发短信________59.咨询心理学家________60.环境问题的解决方法________6

1.面对强劲的竞争对手________62.养成阅读的习惯________63.享受公共交通的好处________64.与自然和谐共处________65.具备良好的沟通技巧________【答案】56.applyforthedream/i

dealuniversity57.stress/emphasizetheimportanceofvocabulary/layemphasisonvocabulary58.sendtextmessages59.consultapsychologist60.thesolut

iontoenvironmentalproblems61.facestrongcompetitors62.develop/formthehabitofreading/makereadingahabit63.enjoythebenefitsofpublictranspor

t64.liveinharmonywithnature65.have/beequippedwithgreat/goodcommunicationskills【解析】【56题详解】申请理想的大学，“申请”applyfor，“理想的”dream或者ideal，“大学”university。

故答案填applyforthedream/idealuniversity【57题详解】强调词汇的重要性，“强调”stress，emphasize，“…的重要性”theimportanceof，“词汇”vocabulary。该短语还可用英文表达layemphasiso

nvocabulary。故答案填stress/emphasize/layemphasisontheimportanceofvocabulary。【58题详解】发短信，“发送”send，“短信”textmessages。故答案填sendtextmessages。【59题详解】咨

询心理学家，“咨询”consult，“心里学家”psychologist。故答案填consultapsychologist。23【60题详解】环境问题的解决方法，“…的解决办法”thesolutionto，“环境问题”environmentalproblems。

故答案填thesolutiontoenvironmentalproblems。【61题详解】面对强劲的竞争对手，“面对”face，“强劲的竞争对手”strongcompetitors。故答案填facestrongcompetitors。【62题详解】养成阅读的习惯。“养成…的习惯”deve

lop或者formthehabitof…，“阅读”reading。或者该短语可用英文表达makereadingahabit。故答案填develop/formthehabitofreading/makereading

ahabit。63题详解】享受公共交通的好处，“享受”enjoy，“…的好处”thebenefitsof，“公共交通”publictransport。故答案填enjoythebenefitsofpublictransport。【64题详解】与自然和谐共处，“和…

和谐共处”liveinharmonywith，“自然”nature。故答案填liveinharmonywithnature。【65题详解】具备良好的沟通技巧，“具有”have或者beequippedwith，“良好的”good或者great,“沟通技巧”c

ommunicationskills。故答案填have/beequippedwithgreat/goodcommunicationskills。七、选词填空：(本大题共5小题，共10分)根据语境选择词语，并用其恰当形式填空，每个词仅使用一次。shape,r

eward,course,function,channel,highlight,absorb66.Thereisnodenyingthateveryindividualwillexperiencehappinessandsorrowinthe__

______oftheirlonglife.67.Noonecanignorethegreatinfluencesocialmediahasin________thepublicopinions.68.Teachersusedifferentmethodstohelpstudents

________whattheylearn.69.Itisofsignificancetohaveabalanceddiet;otherwise,ourbodycannot________normally.70.Artandmusicare

great________forpeopletoexpresstheirideasandemotions.【答案】66.course67.shaping68.(to)absorb69.function【2470.channels【解析】【66题详解】考查名词。句意：不可否认，每个人都会在漫

长的一生中经历快乐和悲伤。表示在漫长一生中，inthecourseof是固定搭配，表示“在……进程中”故填course。【67题详解】考查动名词。句意：没有人能忽视社交媒体在塑造公众舆论方面的巨大影响。介词后用动名词，作宾语，社交媒体塑造舆论，可知，空

处缺少“塑造”。故填shaping。【68题详解】考查名词。句意：不可否认，教师使用不同的方法来帮助学生吸收他们所学的知识。老师使用不同的方法目的是让学生吸收知识。可知，空处缺少动词“吸收”，helpsomebodyd

o/todo，故填(to)absorb。【69题详解】考查名词。句意：均衡饮食是很重要的；否则，我们的身体就不能正常工作。情态动词后用动词原形，otherwise表示转折，没有平衡饮食，身体运转就不正常，可知，空处缺少动词“运转、工作”，故填function。【70题详解】

考查名词。句意：艺术和音乐是人们表达思想和情感的很好的渠道。艺术和音乐为人们达思想和情感提供渠道。可知，空处缺少名词“渠道”，名词作表语，主语是Artandmusic，表语用名词复数形式。故填channels。八、语法填空(本大题共10小题，共1

0分)阅读下列句子或短文，根据所给内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。第一节单句填空71.Everyonehasareas________theylackcompetence.(用适当的词填空)【答案】

where【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：每个人都有自己缺乏能力的领域。分析句子可知，此处考查引导定语从句的关系词，指代先行词areas，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。

72.Thinkabout________youwanttotakenotesbyhandorwithacomputer.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whether【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：考虑一下你是想用手记笔记还是用电脑记笔记。分析可25知，空

格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，由“byhandorwithacomputer”可知，句子表示“考虑一下你是想用手记笔记还是用电脑记笔记”，空格处是“是否”，由后面的or可知，空格处用whether，whether...o

r...意为“是……还是……”，故填whether。73.Anancientlegendsaysthatadisasterwillattackthisplace________there'safullmoon.（用适当的词填空）【答案】when【

解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一个古老的传说说，当满月来临时，一场灾难将袭击这个地方。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when。故填when。74.TheGreatCourt’sceiling,inthemid

dleofthemuseum,isadomecomposedof3,212piecesofglass,noneof________arealike.（用适当的词填空）【答案】which【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：位于博

物馆中央的大院天花板是一个由3212块玻璃组成的圆顶，这些玻璃都不一样。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词glass。先行词指物，在定语从句中作of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。75.Maryto

ldatotallydifferentversionofthestoryfrom________herhusbandtold.（用适当的词填空）【答案】what【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：玛丽讲的故事与她丈夫讲的完全不同。分

析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语，根据句意可知，玛丽讲的故事与她丈夫讲的“故事”不同，所以用what引导。故填what。76.Thecountry________(tear)apartsincethewarbrokeout.Peoplearetryingtorebu

ildtheirhomes.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】hasbeentorn【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自从战争爆发以来，这个国家已四分五裂。人们正在努力重建家园。分析句子结构可知，空处为该句子的谓语动词。根据“sincethewarbro

keout”可知，该句的时态为现在完成时态，主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系。综上所述，句子需要现在完成时态的被动语态，主语thecountry，为第三人称单数形式。故填hasbeentorn。第二节语篇填空语法填空。SinceChin

esearchaeologists(考古学家)discoveredtwodeepholesinGuanghan,Sichuanin261986,and____77____(dig)thousandsofpreciousculturalrelicswithahistoryo

fabout3000years,theSanxingduisitehasalwaysbeena____78____(mystery)existence.Asthelargestandbest-preservedpre-QinsiteintheupperreachesoftheYangtzeR

iverinChina,theSanxingduisiteisanimportantevidencefor____79____(study)theChinesecivilization.Thisyear,thesixnewlydiscoveredholes_

___80____(expect)tofurtherrevealtheoriginandformationprocessofChinesecivilization.【答案】77.dug78.mysterious79.studying80.areexpected【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主

要讲述了三星堆遗址是中国长江上游规模最大、保存最完好的先秦遗址，是研究中华文明的重要证据。今年，新发现的6个孔洞有望进一步揭示中国文明的起源和形成过程。【77题详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从中国考古学家1986年在四川广汉发现了两个深洞，并挖

掘了数千件珍贵的文物，距今约3000年的历史以来，三星堆遗址一直是一个神秘的存在。在since引导的状语从句中，in1986是表示过去的时间状语，and并列前后两个谓语动词，都是用一般过去时。故填dug。【78题详解】考查形容词。句意：自从中国考古学家1986年在四川广汉发现了两个

深洞，并挖掘了数千件珍贵的文物，距今约3000年的历史以来，三星堆遗址一直是一个神秘的存在。形容词修饰名词existence，作定语。故填mysterious。【79题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：三星堆

遗址是中国长江上游规模最大、保存最完好的先秦遗址，是研究中华文明的重要证据。介词后用动名词形式作宾语。故填studying。【80题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：今年，新发现的6个孔洞有望进一步揭示中国文明的起源和形成过程。时间状语Thisyear，用一般现在时。孔洞和希望是被动关系，用

一般现在时的被动语态。故填areexpected。九、补全句子：请根据括号中所给中文提示填空，注意使用恰当形式。(本大题共4小题，每空2分，共10分)81.Everydropofwaterisprecious.________whenyoubrushyourteeth.(不要让水龙

头一直开着)（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】Donotleavethetaprunning27【解析】【详解】考查祈使句和现在分词作宾语补足语。表示“让……一直做……”应用leavesth.doingsth.结构，现在分词作宾语补足语；表示“水龙头”应用名

词tap。分析句子可知，本句为祈使句。故答案为：Donotleavethetaprunning。82.AlifelonglessonSophiaandLuluhavelearnedfromAmy'stigerparentingis________.(充实地过每一天)（根据汉

语提示完成句子）【答案】everydayoftheirlifetothefullest##tolivelifetothefullest【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：索菲亚和露露从艾米为老虎式教养中的经历中学到了一个终生的教训，那就是

充分地生活。根据汉语提示“充实地过每一天”可知短语为everydayoftheirlifetothefullest或tolivelifetothefullest，为不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，故填everydayo

ftheirlifetothefullest/tolivelifetothefullest。83.Asthemusicbandcamebacktothestage,________.(观众们兴奋地鼓掌、挥舞手臂)（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】theaudienceapplaud

edandwavedtheirarmswithexcitement/excitedly【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当乐队回到舞台上时，观众们兴奋地鼓掌挥手。分析句子结构可知，as引导了时间状语从句，空处为主句部分。主句的主语为theaudience“观众”，

“鼓掌”用动词applaud，“挥舞手臂”可以翻译为wavetheirarms。根据时间状语从句中的came可知，句子时态为一般过去时。“兴奋地”用介词短语withexcitement或者副词excit

edly，在句中作状语。故填theaudienceapplaudedandwavedtheirarmswithexcitement/excitedly.84.我想向那些为我们的生活带来巨大改变的人表达感谢。Iwouldliketo________those________.【

答案】①.express/showmygratitude/thanksto②.whomakeabig/hugedifference/bringgreatchangesin/toourlives.【解析】【详解】考查短语和定语从句。根据句意可知，第一空填“向……表达感谢”

，英文表达为express/showone’sgratitude/thanksto，空前为动词不定式符号to，动词用原形；第二个空为定语从句修饰先行词those，指代“那些人”，先行词在定语从句中作主语，所以

用who引导。makeabig/hugedifference或者bringgreatchangesin/toourlives“给我们的生活带来巨大的改变”。定语从句为一般现在时态，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。

故填①express/showmygratitude/thanksto②whomakeabig/hugedifference/bringgreatchangesin/toourlives.28十、作文(本大题共l题，共15

分)85.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在北京留学，暑假将至，你想邀请他一起去看一个展览。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.展览相关信息(时间、地点、内容等)；2.邀请他去看该展览的理由。DearJim,_________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】Summervacationiscoming.IwouldliketoinviteyoutovisittheChine

sepaintingexhibition,whichwillbeheldfromthesecondtoeighthofAugustintheArtMuseuminourcity.AlotoffamousChinesetraditiona

lpaintingbytopartistswillbeexhibitedthere.Additionally,youcanseesomefamouspaintersdrawingChinesepaintingsonthespot,whichIthink

,willcertainlyattractthevisitorseyes.Ithinkyoucanlearnmoreabouttraditionalculturethroughthisexhibitionandfurtherenhanceyourundersta

ndingofChina.WouldyouliketogototheexhibitionwithonthesecondofAugust?I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友写一封邮件，邀请他去参观展览。【详解】1.词汇

积累想要做某事：wouldliketodosth.→wanttodosth.展览：exhibit→display除此之外：additionally→besides增强：enhance→improve2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：AlotoffamousChinesetraditionalpai

ntingbytopartistswillbeexhibitedthere.拓展句：AlotoffamousChinesetraditionalpaintingbytopartistswillbeexhibited

there,whichwillletusunderstandthecharacteristicsofChinesepainting.【点睛】【高分句型1】IwouldliketoinviteyoutovisittheChines

epaintingexhibition,29whichwillbeheldfromthesecondtoeighthofAugustintheArtMuseuminourcity.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）【高分句型2】Additional

ly,youcanseesomefamouspaintersdrawingChinesepaintingsonthespot,whichIthink,willcertainlyattractthevisitorseyes.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）听力答案：1-5CCACA6-10

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