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大一中2022-2023学年上期高2024届12月份线上考试试题（试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所

给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingaconsultation.B.Rentingaguitar.C.Organizingaparty.2.W

hatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salespersonandcustomer.B.Brotherandsister.C.Classmates.3.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheconcert?A.Itwasterrible.

B.Itwasaverage.C.Itwaspleasant.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aweekendplan.B.Anewcompany.C.Ajobopport

unity.5.Whydoesthewomanlooktired?A.Shewalkedalongdistance.B.Shedidtoomuchhousework.C.Sheplayedtennisafterschool.第二

节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小

题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydidn’tthemangettheinjuredwomanoutofthecar?A.Hecouldn’topenthedoor.B.Hewasafraidofaca

rexplosion.C.Hedidn’twanttoworsenherwounds.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ontheroad.B.Inahospital.C.Overthephone.听

第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemandislikeaboutthesofamentionedatfirst?A.Thesize.B.Thecolor.C.Thestyle.9.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheoldsofa?A.Itisheavy.B.I

tissmall.C.Itiscomfortable.10.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Lookatothersofas.B.Gotoanotherstore.C.Waitforasale.听第8段材料，回答第11至13

题。11.Whatdoesthemanmostprobablydo?A.He’sahotelclerk.B.He’sataxidriver.C.He’satravelagent.12.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewo

mantodo?A.Callataxibyherself.B.Callataxiinadvance.C.Setoffearlytocatchtheflight.13.Howlongdoesittakethewomantogetready

?A.Aboutanhour.B.Abouthalfanhour.C.Aboutoneandahalfhours.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhyisthemangoingtoMontrealnextsummer?A

.Totakeacourse.B.Toattendawedding.C.Todosomebusiness.15.WhatdoweknowaboutQuebecCity?A.ItisthecapitalofQuebecProvince.B.I

tisfarfromtheSt.LawrenceRiver.C.ItisthebiggestcityinQuebecProvince.16.WhatdoesthewomanmentionaboutQuebecCityatlast?A.Theanci

entbuildings.B.Thecoldwinter.C.Thebeautifulriver.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Tointroducenewteacherstos

tudents.B.Toinformstudentsoftheschedulefortoday.C.Toexplainsomenewschoolfacilitiestostudents.18.Whenwillstudentshaveabreak?A.At1

0:30.B.At10:45.C.At11:00.19.Whowillhandoutbooksinreception?A.Rebecca.B.Stewart.C.Anna.20.Whatwillstudentsdointheafternoon?A.Haveawritte

ntest.B.Listentoalecture.C.Doaself-assessment.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEach

year,BostonUniversityproudlycelebratestheverybestinacademics,innovation,andteachingthroughtheawardingofUniversity-widehonorsand

inoursupportofapplicantsforprestigious(有声望的)nationalscholarships.ThefollowingshowcasethegrowinglistofopportunitiesandresourcesBost

onUniversitymakesavailabletostudentstoassisttheminresearch,scholarshipandtheircontinuedpursuitofexcellence.HaroldC.

CasescholarshipTheHaroldC.CasescholarshipisofferedtooutstandingBostonUniversityjuniorsforsupportoftheirsenioryear.Casescholarshipsrecog

nizescholarlyachievementsaswellasextracurricularactivitiesthatcontributetotheUniversity.Scholarshiprecipients(领受者)receiv

ebetween$1,000andfulltuitiondependingonfinancialneed.Fundscanonlybeappliedtoundergraduatestudy.Inmostapplicationcycles10-12recipientsarese

lected.DeanElsbethMelvillescholarshipTheDeanElsbethMelillescholarshipwasestablishedin1978tohonorDeanMelville’s“splendidandvariedcontri

bution”totheeducationandlivesofwomenatBostonUniversity.Onlytwoscholarshipsareawardedeachyeartotop-rankedwomeninthejuniorclass.Sc

holarshiprecipientsreceiveaminimumof$1,000dependingonfinancialneed.Fundscanonlybeappliedtoundergraduatestudy.ClareBootheLuce

undergraduatescholarshipsTheClareBootheLuceprogramoftheHenryLuceFoundationsupportsalimitednumberofUndergraduateScholar

shipsforwomenstudentsinthefieldsofthephysicalandlifesciences,mathematics,engineering,andcomputerscience.Provost’sscholarsaward

TheProvost’sscholarsawardscelebratetheachievementsofstudentswhohavedemonstratedtheirwillingnessintheirfirsttwoyearsofcollegetostretchthems

elvesintellectually(智力上),topushbeyondwhattheyalreadyknowtheycando,totakesignificantrisksbypursuingtheunknownandunpredictable-insho

rt,todemonstratethespiritofatruescholarataresearchuniversity.Upto20awardsaregivenperyear,eachcarrying$1000offundingforresearch/creativeac

tivityexpensessuchastraveltoconferencesandarchives(档案馆)orforresearch-relatedequipmentandsupplies.1.WhatdotheHaroldC.Casescholarshipandth

eDeanElsbethMelvillescholarshiphaveincommon?A.Bothareinhonorofoutstandingwomen.B.Bothcanonlybeappliedtoundergraduate

study.C.Bothareofferedto10-12recipientseachyear.D.Bothcarryamaximumof$1,000offunding.2.Whichofthefollowingscholarshipsisspecificallyf

orfemalestudentsstudyingengineering?A.DeanElsbethMelvillescholarship.B.ClareBootheLuceundergraduatescholarsh

ips.C.Provost’sscholarsaward.D.HaroldC.Casescholarship.3.WhatcanProvost’sscholarsawardwinnersdowiththefunding?A.Buyresearch-relateds

upplies.B.Traveltoscenicspots.C.Buildarchives.D.Paytuitionfees.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要展示了波士顿大学为

学生提供的4个奖学金机会和资源。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据HaroldC.Casescholarship部分“Fundscanonlybeappliedtoundergraduatestudy.”(资金只能用于本科学习。)和DeanElsbethMelvillescholarship

部分“Fundscanonlybeappliedtoundergraduatestudy.”(资金只能用于本科学习。)可知，这2个资源资助的对象仅仅是本科学习阶段。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ClareBoot

heLuceundergraduatescholarships部分“TheClareBootheLuceprogramoftheHenryLuceFoundationsupportsalimitednumb

erofUndergraduateScholarshipsforwomenstudentsinthefieldsofthephysicalandlifesciences,mathematics,engineering,andcomputerscience.”(亨利·卢斯基

金会的克莱尔·布思·卢斯计划为物理和生命科学、数学、工程和计算机科学领域的女学生提供有限数量的本科奖学金。)可知，这项奖学金可以为学习工程学的女生提供。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Provost’sscholarsaward部分“Upto20

awardsaregivenperyear,eachcarrying$1000offundingforresearch/creativeactivityexpensessuchastraveltoconferencesandarchives(档案馆)orforres

earch-relatedequipmentandsupplies.”(每年颁发多达20个奖项，每个奖项都有1000美元的资金用于研究/创意活动开支，如会议和档案馆的差旅(档案馆)或用于研究相关设备和用品。)可知，这个奖项给获奖者的奖金可以用来买研究相关设备和

用品。故选A。BIstareattherowofjarsfilledwithmyparents’homemadetomatosauce.EverytimeIwonder:“ShouldIreallyuseone?”Ihavebeensavingthesejarsl

ikeprecioustreasures.NomatterhowhardItrytofindsomethinginstead,nothingcompares.Store-boughtsauces?Itjustdoesn’ttasteright.Itdoesn’ttasteli

kehome.Duringthetomatoseason,allmyfamilywerealotbusierthanusual.Myparentswouldusethebasementasanareaforlettingthetomat

oestheyhadcollectedlocallyripen.LiketheotherItalianfamiliesinthearea,wewouldthentakethemtothegaragewhent

heywereripeenough.Theretheywerecleanedandboiled.Oncestewed(炖),wholetomatoeswerepassedthroughmyfather’shomemademachineuse

dtoseparatethesaucefromtheskins.Jarsattheready,wefilledthemwithsauceandseasoning.Theywouldthenbelinedupandreadytouse.Myparentswouldmak

emorethanjustsauceeveryfall.Iloveditwhentheywouldseasonalltheporksausage.Wewouldfrythemeat,tastingitbeforemakingtheseparatesausages.Myparentsexper

tlyhand-tiedthesausageswhileIwouldpoke(戳)themallover.Theseweremyfamily’straditions.Thesetraditionswereh

ardtomaintainwhenmyfathergotill.Afterbeingdiagnosedwithcancerin2019,hespentmostofhistimeinhospital.InSeptemberthatyearhecamehome,onthesamewee

kendwedecidedtocontinuethetradition.Ihaveglorious(美好的)memoriesofthatdayastheyonceagainmadethesauce.Itwasabeautifulbutshort-livedmoment.M

yfatherdiedsoonafter.EverytimeIgotoreachforoneofthejars,somethingstopsme.Mymother,everpractical,wasvisitingusrecentlyandjuststar

edatthem.“Youshouldusetheseortheywillgotowaste.”Whatwillitfeelliketousethatlastjar?Itwouldmeantheendofanera(时代).Whoknows?Maybeit’stimetobringne

wtraditionstolife.4.Whydoestheauthorattachsogreatimportancetothejarscontainingthetomatosauce?A.Therecipeisunique.B.Thesauceisdelicio

us.C.Itremindshimofhome.D.Ittookgreatpatiencetomakeit.5.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thetimesp

entmakingtomatosauce.B.Thedifferencesbetweenhomemadeandstore-boughtsauces.C.Therulesofselectingtomatoest

omakesauce.D.Theprocedureformakingtomatosauce.6.Whatistheauthor’smotherlike?A.Kind.B.Polite.C.Enthusiastic.D.Down-to-

earth.7.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Torecallhisfamilytraditionsofthepast.B.Toshowhisrespectforhislatefather.CTo

introducehisfamilytraditions.D.Tocomplainabouthistoughpastexperience.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者家里每年制作番茄酱的传统在父亲去世之后就很难继续保持了，作者意识到是

时候给生活引入新的传统了。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Ihavebeensavingthesejarslikeprecioustreasures.NomatterhowhardItrytofindsomethinginstead,nothing

compares.Store-boughtsauces?Itjustdoesn’ttasteright.Itdoesn’ttastelikehome.(我一直把这些罐子像珍宝一样保存着。无论我多么努力地去寻找，都无法与之相比。现成的酱汁?只是味道

不对。它尝起来不像家的味道。)”可知作者如此重视这些盛有番茄酱的坛子是因为这些坛子让作者想起了家的味道。故选C项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“LiketheotherItalianfamiliesinthearea,wewouldthentakethemtothegarage

whentheywereripeenough.Theretheywerecleanedandboiled.Oncestewed(炖),wholetomatoeswerepassedthroughmyfather’shomemademachineusedtoseparatethesau

cefromtheskins.Jarsattheready,wefilledthemwithsauceandseasoning.Theywouldthenbelinedupandreadytouse.(和这个地区的其他意

大利家庭一样，我们会在它们成熟的时候把它们送到车库。在那里他们被清洗和煮。炖好之后，整个番茄都要经过父亲自制的机器，用来将酱汁和外皮分开。罐子准备好了，我们往里面装满了酱汁和调料。然后将它们排列好，准备使用。)”可知文章第二段主要讲的是作

者一家制作番茄酱的过程。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mymother,everpractical,wasvisitingusrecentlyandjuststaredatthem.“You.shouldusethe

seortheywillgotowaste.”(我的母亲，一向务实，最近来看我们，只是盯着那些坛子。“你应该用这些，否则就浪费了。”)”可以推断出作者的母亲是一位很务实的人。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Istareattherowofjarsfilledwithmypar

ents’homemadetomatosauce.EverytimeIwonder:“ShouldIreallyuseone?”Ihavebeensavingthesejarslikeprecioust

reasures.NomatterhowhardItrytofindsomethinginstead,nothingcompares.Store-boughtsauces?Itjustdoesn’ttasteright.Itdoesn’ttastelikehome.(我盯着那排装满

父母自制番茄酱的罐子。每次我都在想：“我真的应该用一个吗?”我一直把这些罐子像珍宝一样保存着。无论我多么努力地去寻找，都无法与之相比。现成的酱汁?只是味道不对。它尝起来不像家的味道。)”以及文章第四段“Thesetraditionswerehardtomaintainwhenmyfathergo

till.(我父亲生病后，这些传统就很难维持下去了。)”以及最后一段“Whatwillitfeelliketousethatlastjar?Itwouldmeantheendofanera(时代).Whoknows?Maybeit’stimetobringnewt

raditionstolife.(用完最后一罐会是什么感觉?这将意味着一个时代的终结。谁知道呢?也许是时候给生活带来新的传统了。)”及其他几段的内容可知文章主要围绕着作者家里过去制作番茄酱的传统展开，所以写作目的是为了回忆过去的家庭传统。故选A项。CCultureisabroad

termthatinvolvesthesymbols,languages,andmaterialsassociatedwithasociety.Itincludesmaterialelements,s

uchasclothing,technology,andhousingaswellasnonmaterialelements,suchasgesturesandbehavioralnorms.Sincecultureissobroadandhumansexper

iencetheworldinawidevarietyofways,underageneralculturalumbrellaoftenexistmanysubcultures.ThereareanumberofsubculturesintheUnitedS

tates.Iftheanalogy(类比)ofameltingpotisappliedtoAmericanculturesubculturesmightbetheindividualingredientsinthesoup.Theyareinthes

amecontainerbuthavecharacteristicsthatdistinguishthemfromoneanother.Someelementsmightbesimilar,andoth

ersmightprovidecontrast.Subculturesexistwithinthedominantcultureofasociety.SomeoftheprimaryvaluesthatdefinethedominantAmericanculture

areindividualism,competition,andaheartyworkethic.Howisasubculturedistinguishedfromthedominantculture?Itispartofthemaincultu

re,butitsmembersshareoneormorecommondifferences.Thosedifferencesmaybeduetosharedexperiences,customs,traits,orpreferenc

es,amongotherthings.Somesubculturesareidentifiedbycertainqualifierssuchassharedraceandethnicity.Othersmayforma

roundhobbies.Somesubculturesarecultivatedinoppositiontoelementsofthedominantculture.Oppositionalsubculturesma

ybecalledcountercultures.Subculturescanbedistinct,withspecific,definitionsandrules.Othersareflexiblewithliminalmembership

s.SubculturesinAmericarangefromtheubiquitoustotheobscure.Membersofasubculturetypicallysharecommonbeliefsorlifestyles

andsometimesincorporatesharedclothingstyles.Participationinasubculturemightbeflexibleandtemporaryorstrictlyobserved.Oneexampleofsubcultu

resinAmericaisthepunksubculturewhichdevelopedinthe1970sandcontinuestoevolve.Earlyparticipantsinpunkrockculturerejectedmainstr

eamculturalinfluences,includingpolitics,fashion,andstagerockanddiscomusic.Thestereotypicalcharacteristicsofthemincludedistre

ssedclothing,studdedleather,combatboots,andcolorfullydyedhair.8.Whymeltingpotismentionedinthepassage?A.Toexplainhowsubculturescoe

xist.B.ToexplainwhysubculturesexistinAmerica.C.ToshowthattherearemoresubculturesthandominantcultureinAm

erica.D.ToindicatethatallculturesinAmericabecomealikebecauseofcommunication.9.Whatcanbelearntfromparagraph3?A.Asubcultur

ecanbeformedbasedonsharedpreferencesB.MembersofdominantculturehavesharedraceandethnicityC.AllsubcultureshavetheirliminalmembershipsD.Thereisuniformae

stheticformembersofsubculture10.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“stereotypical”?A.Likeable.B.AnnoyingC.Flexible.D.Fixed11.W

hatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsubcultures?A.Negative.B.Objective.C.Uninterested.D.Favorable【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.B【解析

】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在主流文化的大伞下还存在着各种各样的亚文化，介绍了美国各种亚文化的形成及其特点。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Iftheanalogy(类比)ofameltingpotis

appliedtoAmericanculture,subculturesmightbetheindividualingredientsinthesoup.(如果把美国文化比作熔炉，那么亚文化可能就是汤里的各种食材)”以及“Subculturesexistwithinthedominan

tcultureofasociety.(亚文化存在于一个社会的主导文化中)”可知，文章中提到熔炉的目的是解释亚文化如何共存，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Itispartofthemainculture,butitsmembersshareon

eormorecommondifferences.Thosedifferencesmaybeduetosharedexperiences,customs,traits,orpreferences,amongotherthings.(它（亚文化

）是主流文化的一部分，但其成员有一个或多个共同的差异。这些差异可能是由于共同的经历、习俗、特点或偏好等原因造成的)”可知，亚文化可以基于共同的偏好形成，故选A。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线处后文“character

isticsofthemincludedistressedclothing,studdedleather,combatboots,andcolorfullydyedhair.(它们的特点包括破旧的衣服、镶嵌的皮革、战靴和彩色染发)”可知，这

里的他们指的是朋克摇滚文化的参与者。根据第三段“Itispartofthemainculture,butitsmembersshareoneormorecommondifferences.Thosedifferencesmaybeduetosharedexperiences,customs,

traits,orpreferences,amongotherthings.(它是主流文化的一部分，但其成员有一个或多个共同的差异。这些差异可能是由于共同的经历、习俗、特点或偏好等原因造成的)”可知，亚文化的形成

是一类人基于共同的偏好，所以这一类人应具有共同的固定的典型特征。A.Likeable很受欢迎的；B.Annoying烦人的；C.Flexible灵活的；D.Fixed固定的；选项D符合语境，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。第一段讲述了亚文化是存在于主流文化保护伞下的一种文化；第二段讲述了

各种亚文化如何共生；第三段讲述了亚文化的形成；第四段讲述了亚文化的种类；第五段讲述亚文化参与者的特征；全文未出现表达作者对亚文化态度或观点的句子，作者以一种客观的态度向读者介绍了什么是亚文化，故选C。DHaveyoueverwonderedwhyyoumight

bealittletallerthanyourfriendsorfamily?Well,scientistsbelievethemysteryofwhyhumansaregrowingtallerandreachingpuberty(青春

期)earlierisduetosomethinginthebrain.Wealreadyknowthatbetternutritionleadstogreaterheightashumanshave

beengrowingtalleronthewholeinrecentcenturies.Betternutritionalsocausespeopletoreachmaturity(成熟)faster.Genesalsoplayaroleinhowta

llwebecomeandweallgrowandlookaccordingtothecodesinourDNA.Alackofnutritionmakesitharderforustoreachthefullpotentialofourowngenes.AccordingtotheUniver

sityofMaryland,ourbodyrequiresacertainamountofenergytomakeusgrow.Butanewstudysuggeststhatabrainreceptor(感受器)couldberes

ponsibleforourgrowth.ThestudyshowedthatthebrainreceptorMC3Risresponsibleforsignalsfromfoodreachingapartofthebraincalledtheh

ypothalamus(下丘脑).Thehypothalamusisresponsibleforkeepingthingsinchecklikebodytemperatureandadjustinga

ppetiteandweight.MC3R’snotworkingproperlytendstomeanthatpeopleareshorterandstartpubertymuchlater.ProfessorSirStephenO’Rahilly,oneofthe

authorsofthestudy,said,“lttellsthebodywe’regreathereandthatwe’vegotlotsoffood,sogrowquicklyandhavepubertysoon.”Thereisalotaboutthebrainwestilldon’tk

now.Butthisresearchcouldleadtofurtherdevelopmentofdrugsforchildrenwithdelayedgrowthandpubertystartingmuchlater.Moreunderst

andingofthereceptorwon’tmeanthatwecanmakeourselvestaller.Thatallstilldependsongenes,butitcouldhelppeoplewithc

hronic(慢性的)illnesseswhoneedtobuildupmuscle.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Genesleadtofastermaturity

.B.Nutritiondeterminesaperson’sheight.C.Betternutritionisimportanttogrowingtaller.D.Badnutritionwillchang

eaperson’sgenes.13.HowdoesMC3Rworktogetyoutalleraccordingtothenewstudy?A.Bytakinginalargeamountofnutrit

ionitself.B.Byhavinguscheckbodytemperaturesregularly.C.Bysendingsignalstoinspireustohavemorenutrition.D.Byhelpinguscontrolourappetitetolosewei

ght.14.ThenewfindingwillmostprobablyhelptoA.findwaystoputoffkid’spubertyB.treatpatientswithchronicillnessC.findscientific

exercisetogetourmusclestrongerD.developmedicineforkidswithdelayedgrowth15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhyAreS

omePeopleShorter?GenesAretoBlameB.WhyAreSomePeopleShorter?NutritionIstoBlameC.WhyAreSomePeopleTaller?TheKeyIsinOurAppetiteD.WhyAreSomePeopleTa

ller?TheKeyIsinOurBrains【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了有些人比别人高的奥秘——关键在大脑。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Wealreadyknowthatbetternutrition

leadstogreaterheightashumanshavebeengrowingtalleronthewholeinrecentcenturies.(我们已经知道，更好的营养导致更高的身高，因为近几个世纪来，人类的整体身高一直在增长。)”可知，更好的营养导致更高的身高

。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二三句“ThestudyshowedthatthebrainreceptorMC3Risresponsibleforsignalsfromfoodreachingapartoftheb

raincalledthehypothalamus(下丘脑).(但一项新的研究表明，大脑感受器可能负责我们的生长。研究表明，大脑感受器MC3R负责食物信号到达大脑的下丘脑。)”以及第四段第二句“ProfessorSirStephenO’Rahil

ly,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,said,“ittellsthebodywe’regreathereandthatwe’vegotlotsoffood,sogrowquicklyandhavepube

rtysoon.”(StephenO'Rahilly教授是该研究的作者之一，他说：“MC3R告诉我们的身体，我们在这里很好，我们有很多食物，所以生长得快，青春期也快。”)”可知，MC3R是通过发出信号到达大脑的下丘脑，激励我们摄入更多营养让我们更高的。故选C。【14题详解】细

节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Butthisresearchcouldleadtofurtherdevelopmentofdrugsforchildrenwithdelayedgrowthandpubertystartingmuchlater.(但这项研究可能会导致针对发育迟缓和青春

期开始较晚的儿童的药物的进一步开发。)”可知，新的研究发现可能会为发育迟缓的儿童开发药物提供帮助。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段“Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyoumightbealittletallert

hanyourfriendsorfamily?Well,scientistsbelievethemysteryofwhyhumansaregrowingtallerandreachingpuberty(青春期)earlierisduetosometh

inginthebrain.(你有没有想过为什么你可能比你的朋友或家人高一点？科学家们认为，人类长高并提前进入青春期的奥秘在于大脑中的某种东西。)”可知，本文主要介绍有些人比别人高的奥秘——关键在大脑。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后

的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ANIMALBODYLANGUAGEHumanbeingsarenotonlyoneswhocommunicate.______16______Hereisaquicklookathowsomeofouranimalfrien

dssendmessagestousandtoeachother.______17______Whenadogishappy,itsearswillstandupanditseyeswillbewid

eopen.Thedogwillstartbarking.movingitstail,andrunningaroundincirclesorjumpingupanddowntoshowyouthatitwantstoplay.Adogthat

isafraidwilllayonitsbackandcloseitseyes.Thedogmayshowitsteethandloweritsbodysothatitisclosetotheground.Thedogm

ayalsoshake,anditwillputitstailbetweenitslegs.Whenadogisangry,itsmainbodylanguageisshowingitsteethandgrowling(低声叫).Thedogwilltrymakingitself

lookasbigaspossible.Thetailwillstandstraightoutfromthebody.Elephantsalsousenoisesandbodylanguagetoexpressthemselves.Anelephant’ssenseofsmelli

shighlydeveloped.Anelephantcansmellhowanotherelephantisfeelingandeventellifitissick.Theelephant’snose,ortrunk,isalsousedtomakenoisesandtowelcomeother

elephants.Differentnoiseshaveavarietyofmeaningstheycanmean“Iamhungry”,“Iamangry”,or“Goodtoseeyou!”______18______Ifane

lephantspreadsitsears,itmeans“Watchout!“Toshowfriendship,elephantswilltoucheachotherwiththeirtrunksandstandclosetoeachother,putt

ingtheirheadstogether.Dolphinsaresocialanimals.______19______Anangrydolphinwillsometimeshititstailonthesurfaceofthewat

er.Themovementandnoiseletotherdolphinsknowthatsomethingiswrong.Ifadolphinwantstosendamessageoveralongdistance,orifitwantstoshowhowstrongi

tis,itwilljumphighoutofthewaterandlandonitsside,makingaloudnoise.Adolphin’sfavoriteactivityisleapingintotheairwhileplayingwithitsfriends.

Whendolphinsaretiredandneedtorest,theywillswiminsmallgroupsclosetothesurface.______20______A.Dogsarehuman’sloyalfriends.B.Ify

ouseethemdoingthis,youshouldnotdisturbthem.C.Anelephant’sbodylanguageincludesearsignalsandgestures.D.Theyliveingr

oupsandloveshowingeachothertheirfeelings.E.Dogsusesounds,bodymovements,andtheirtailstocommunicate.F.Ifanelephantsensesitspartnerisfallingsic

k,itwillalsomakeanoise.G.Animalsusebodylanguagetotelleachotherhowtheyfeelandwhattheythink【答案】16.G17.E18.C19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述动物的交流方式。【1

6题详解】根据上文“Humanbeingsarenotonlyoneswhocommunicate.”(不止人类会交流。)和下文“Hereisaquicklookathowsomeofouranimalfriendssendmessages

tousandtoeachother.”(接下来让我们简单的了解一下我们的动物朋友是如何发送信息给我们和动物们之间的。)可知，中间要提到动物也有它们的交流方式。选项G“动物用肢体语言告诉对方它们感觉如何和它们想的

什么。”和上下文意思连贯。故选G。【17题详解】根据下文“Whenadogishappy,itsearswillstandupanditseyeswillbewideopen.”(当狗高兴的时候，它的耳朵会竖起来并且它的眼睛会睁得很大。)可知，这一段说明狗的交流方式

。选项E“狗用声音，身体的移动和它们的尾巴进行交流。”和下文意思一致。故选E。【18题详解】根据下文“Ifanelephantspreadsitsears,itmeans“Watchout!“Toshowfrien

dship,elephantswilltoucheachotherwiththeirtrunksandstandclosetoeachother,puttingtheirheadstogether.”(如果大象展开它的耳朵，意思就是“小心！”为了表达友谊，大象会相互碰一下鼻子，并且相

互站的很近，把它们的头放在一起。)可知，这里描述大象用耳朵和身体来交流。选项C“大象的肢体语言包括耳朵信号和姿势。”和下文意思一致。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Dolphinsaresocialanimals.”(海豚是群居动物。)可知，这里描述海豚的生活特点。选项D

“它们住在一起，并且喜欢相互表达它们的情感。”和上文意思一致。故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Whendolphinsaretiredandneedtorest,theywillswiminsmallgroupsclosetothesurface.”(当海豚累并且想休息

的时候，它们会在接近水面的地方一小群的一起游泳。)可知，这里提到海豚也会累，也需要休息。选项B“如果你看到它们这样，你不应该打扰它们。”和上文意思一致。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所

给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项黑。ItwasJune14andthelastdayofmiddleschoolhadarrived.The____21____inthehallswasfullofexcitementasth

estudentsranaroundtheschool____22____forwardtothefinalbellsotheycouldcelebratethearrivalofsummervacation.AsIc

leanedoutmydrawers,I____23____astudent’spasthomeworkassignmentdatingallthe____24____backto1964,longbeforeIbeca

meateacher.The____25____yellowpaperhadbeenwedged(塞入)behindtwodrawers,yetitwasinperfectshape.Lookingintomy____26_

___,youcouldseeabouttwodozenboxesandbinsinside.The22-million-dollarrenovation(翻新)wasonlydaysawayfromstartingandwewereinstructed(告知)

thateverythingmust____27____.Myfamily,____28____newbornbabySummer,hadarrivedthatdayandthestudentswere____29____tomeether.Upontheirar

rival,____30____spreadquicklythatmydaughterwashere.ThejoysurroundingSummerwas____31____.Whatisitaboutababythatdrawspeopletoget

her?Magical____32____werehappeningandIwascapturing(捕捉)asmanyofthemasIcould.Thedaybefore,Iheldapartyfor

thestudents.Iknewthatthiswouldbethelastfarewell(告别)partyinmyclassroomof19yearsandthelasttimeIwouldseeallofthesestudentst

ogether.____33____,thefeelingswerebittersweet(苦乐参半的).I____34____whentheywereallinmiddleschoolandwouldvi

sitmeonmybirthday,andtheymadeitanannualtradition.Iwill____35____thesemomentsfortherestofmylife.21.A.propertyB.a

tmosphereC.routineD.preference22.A.movingB.takingC.headingD.looking23.A.countedB.encounteredC.valuedD.evaluated24.A.meansB.m

ethodC.wayD.measure25.A.fadedB.efficientC.academicD.available26.A.partyB.schoolC.classroomD.drawer27.A.walkB.goC

.makeD.work28.A.inferringB.foundingC.preparingD.including29.A.unfortunateB.uncomfortableC.sorryD.excited30.A.wordB.ideaC.windD.voice31.A.uncertai

nB.unclearC.apparentD.abnormal32.A.momentsB.memoriesC.consequencesD.circumstances33.A.InnocaseB.AsaresultC

.BynomeansD.Tosumup34.A.thoughtofB.thoughtoverC.thoughtbacktoD.thoughthighlyof35.A.treasureB.obtainC.concludeD.accomp

any【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.A26.C27.B28.D29.D30.A31.C32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在放暑假前，作者和学生们举行欢

送聚会，这将是作者最后一次看到所有这些学生在一起，因此作者会珍惜这一时刻。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：教室里充满了兴奋的气氛，学生们在学校里奔跑着，期待着最后的铃声，这样他们就可以庆祝暑假的到来了。A.p

roperty财产；B.atmosphere气氛；C.routine常规；D.preference偏爱。根据下文“fullofexcitement”可知，教室里充满了兴奋的气氛。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：教室里充满了兴奋的

气氛，学生们在学校里奔跑着，期待着最后的铃声，这样他们就可以庆祝暑假的到来了。A.moving移动；B.taking拿走；C.heading前往；D.looking看。根据下文“sotheycouldcelebra

tethearrivalofsummervacation”可知，学生们期待着最后的铃声，这样他们就可以庆祝暑假的到来了。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我清理抽屉时，我看到一个学生以前的家庭作业，这可以追溯到1964年，那时我还没有当老师。A.counted数数；B.e

ncountered偶遇；C.valued重视；D.evaluated评价。根据下文“astudent’spasthomeworkassignment”可知，作者看到一个学生以前的家庭作业。空格处用encountered，表示无

意中看到，故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我清理抽屉时，我看到一个学生以前家庭作业，这可以追溯到1964年，那时我还没有当老师。A.means方法；B.method方法；C.way路；D.measure措施。根据下文“backto1964”可知

，那个作业可以一直追溯到1964年，alltheway是固定短语，意为“一直”。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那张褪色的黄纸塞在两个抽屉后面，但依然完好无损。A.faded褪色的；B.efficient效率高的；C.academic学术的；D.available可获得的。根据

上文“homeworkassignmentdatingallthe____4____backto1964”可知，作业年代已经很久远了，所以褪色了。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：向我的教室望去，你可以看到里面大约有二十多个盒子和垃圾箱。A.party派对；B.school学校；C.

classroom教室；D.drawer抽屉。根据下文“youcouldseeabouttwodozenboxesandbinsinside”可知，句子表示“向我的教室望去，你可以看到里面大约有二十多个盒子和垃圾箱”。故选C。【27题详解】考查

动词词义辨析。句意：这项耗资2200万美元的翻新工程离开工只有几天时间了，我们接到的指示是，所有东西都必须搬走。A.walk走路；B.go去，走；C.make制作；D.work工作。根据上文“The22-million-dollarrenovation(翻新)wasonlydaysaw

ayfromstarting”可知，教室要翻新，所以要搬走所有东西，空格处用go，表示东西被搬走，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家人，包括刚出生的婴儿Summer，那天都到了，学生们都

很兴奋地想见她。A.inferring推断；B.founding建立；C.preparing准备；D.including包括。根据下文“newbornbabySummer”可知，句子表示“我的家人，包括刚出生的婴儿Sum

mer”。故选D。【29题详解】的考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家人，包括刚出生的婴儿Summer，那天都到了，学生们都很兴奋地想见她。A.unfortunate不幸的；B.uncomfortable不舒服的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.

excited兴奋的。根据下文“Whatisitaboutababythatdrawspeopletogether”可知，学生们都很兴奋地想见Summer。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一到，我女儿在这里的消

息很快就传开了。A.word消息；B.idea主意；C.wind风；D.voice声音。根据下文“spreadquickly”可知，作者女儿在这里的消息很快传开了。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：围绕着Summer的

欢乐是显而易见的。A.uncertain不确定的；B.unclear不清楚的；C.apparent显而易见的；D.abnormal不正常的。根据上文“thestudentswere____9____tomeether”可知，围绕着Summer的欢乐是显而易见的。故选C

。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：神奇的时刻正在发生，我尽可能多地捕捉它们。A.moments时刻；B.memories记忆；C.consequences后果；D.circumstances环境。根据上文“Thejoysur

roundingSummerwas____11___”和最后一段的“thesemoments”可知，神奇的时刻正在发生。故选A。【33题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：结果，这种感觉苦乐参半。A.Innocase决不；B.Asaresult结果；C.Bynomeans

决不；D.Tosumup总之。根据下文“thefeelingswerebittersweet”可知，后文所说的是一个结果。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我回想起他们都在上中学的时候，在

我生日的时候来看我，他们把这当成了每年的传统。A.thoughtof想到；B.thoughtover仔细考虑；C.thoughtbackto回忆起；D.thoughthighlyof高度评价。根据下文“whentheywereallinmiddleschool

andwouldvisitmeonmybirthday”可知，作者回想起学生都在上中学的时候，在作者生日的时候来看作者，空格处意为“回忆起”。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我将用我的余生来珍惜这些时刻。A.treasure珍爱，珍惜；B.o

btain得到；C.conclude总结；D.accompany陪伴。根据第12空后的“Iwascapturing(捕捉)asmanyofthemasIcould”可知，作者将用余生来珍惜这些时刻。故选A。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共55分)第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(共

10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinesepapercuttingorjianzhiisthefirstpaper-cutting

design,____36____(date)backtotheEasternHanDynasty.Duetoitsunique____37____(art)appeal,afterhundredsofyears’development,thepaper-cut

shavebecomeameansofdecorations____38____ispopularbothhomeandabroad.____39____(general),thepaper-cutsareusedtodeco

ratedoorsandwindows,thussometimesthey____40____(refer)toas—chuanghua(WindowFlower).Theyarealsousedforreligiousandceremonialpurposes,buriedwiththed

eadandburnedatfunerals.Chinesepeoplebelievetheredpaper-cutsonthedoorcanbringgoodfortuneandhappinesstothewholefamily.Asaresult,paper-c

utsaremoreoftenseenduringtraditionalChinesefestivals,theSpringFestival____41____particular.Peoplefindhopeandcomfortinexpres

singbest____42____(wish)withpaper-cuttings.Forinstance:foraweddingceremony,redpaper-cuttingsareatraditi

onaldecorationontheteaset,thedressingtableglass,andotherfurniture.____43____bigredpapercharacter—Xi(happine

ss)isatraditionalmustonthenewly-wed’s(新婚夫妇)door.Withitspopularity____44____(increase),wemayneverfail_____45___

__(feel)theexistenceofChinesepaper-cuttingallovertheworld.【答案】36.dating37.artistic38.which##that39.Generally40.arereferred41.in42.

wishes43.A44.increasing45.tofeel【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国剪纸起源和发展。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国剪纸是最早的剪纸图案，可追溯到东汉。句子主语“Chinesepapercuttingorji

anzhi”与动词短语“datebackto”为主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词作状语。故填dating。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：由于其独特的艺术魅力，经过几百年的发展，剪纸已成为一种装饰手段，受到国内外的欢迎。空格处用形容词artistic作定语，修饰名词appeal。故填arti

stic。的【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于其独特的艺术感染力，经过数百年的发展，剪纸已经成为一种流行于国内外的装饰手段。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词decorations，在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which

/that。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：一般来讲，剪纸是用来装饰门窗，因此有时他们被称为“窗花”。修饰后文句子，作状语，应用副词generally，处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Generally。【40题详解】考查时态语态。句意

：：一般来讲，剪纸是用来装饰门窗，因此有时他们被称为“窗花”。空处在句中为谓语，结合前文“thepaper-cutsareusedtodecoratedoorsandwindows”，所以此处的时态为一般现在时；句

子主语they与动词短语“referto”为被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用are。故填arereferred。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：因此，剪纸在中国的传统节日，尤其是春节期间更为常见。短语inpar

ticular表示“尤其”。故填in。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：人们在用剪纸表达最好的愿望中找到希望和安慰。主语“people”为集体性名词，表示复数含义，此处指人们表达他们的祝愿，所以空处用名词复数“wishes”。故填wishes。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：一个大红纸（剪纸）字——

喜（幸福）是新婚门上的一个传统必备字。此处character为泛指，应用不定冠词，且big的发音是辅音音素开头，应用a，位于句首，所以首字母大写。故填A。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国剪纸越来越受欢迎，我们可能永远不会感觉不到中国剪纸在世界各地的存

在。此处为with的复合结构：with+宾语+补语，宾语“itspopularity”与动词“increase”为主动关系，所以此处用现在分词作宾补。故填increasing。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国剪纸越来越受欢迎，我们可能永远不会感觉不到中国剪纸在

世界各地的存在。短语“failtodosth”意为“未能做某事”，所以此处用不定式作宾语。故填tofeel。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）46.请以“WeAreWhatWeEat”为题，用英语写一篇短文，内容包括以下信息：（1）饮食习惯日益受到重视。（2）良好饮食习

惯的好处（两点）：给我们提供保持健康所需的营养物；帮助我们抵抗疾病。（3）不良饮食习惯的坏处（一点）：导致一些严重的问题，如肥胖。（4）你对均衡饮食看法。注意：可适当增加内容，以使文章连贯；字数100字左右。参考词汇：饮食习惯：eatinghabits为某人提供某物：pr

ovidesth.forsb.营养物：nutrient(n.)抵抗：prevent(v.)均衡饮食：balanceddietWeAreWhatWeEat___________________________

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___________________________________________________________【答案】WeAreWhatWeEatNowadays,eatinghabitsareinc

reasinglyemphasized.Goodeatinghabitsprovidenutrientsforourhealthandhelppreventdiseases.However,badeati

nghabitscanleadtoseriousproblemslikeobesity.Inmyopinion,abalanceddietisessentialforourwell-being.Weshouldeatavarietyoffoodstomeetourbody’sneeds.【解析】【

导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生围绕“WeAreWhatWeEat”这一主题，讨论饮食习惯的重要性，包括良好饮食习惯的好处、不良饮食习惯的坏处，以及个人对均衡饮食的看法。【详解】1.词汇积累重视：emphasize→valu

e/stress提供：provide→supply/furnish营养物：nutrient→nourishment导致：leadto→cause2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Goodeatinghabitsproviden

utrientsforourhealthandhelppreventdiseases.拓展句：Goodeatinghabits,whicharevitalforouroverallwell-being,pro

videnutrientsforourhealthandhelppreventdiseases.【点睛】[高分句型1]Goodeatinghabitsprovidenutrientsforourhealthandhelppreventdiseases.(运

用了连词and连接并列谓语动词)的[高分句型2]Weshouldeatavarietyoffoodstomeetourbody’sneeds.(运用了不定式作目的状语)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。In194

5,a12-year-oldboysawabeautifulbrooch(胸针)inashopwindowthatsethisheartracing.Buttheprice—fivedollars—wastoohighforReubenEarle.Fivedoll

arswouldbuyalmostaweek’sfoodforhisfamily.Reubencouldn’taskhisfatherforthemoney.Everythinghisfathermadethroughfishingwenttohismother,Do

ra.Slimandbeautiful,shewasthecenterofthehome,thegluethatheldittogether.Thehouseworkwasnever-ending,andshestrugg

ledtofeedandclothetheirfivechildren,butshewashappyasherfamilyandtheirwell-beingwereallshecaredabout.Neverthel

ess,heopenedtheshop’sweathered(风化的)doorandwentinside.Standingproudlyandstraightinhisflour-sack(面粉袋改做的)shirtandwashed-outtrousers,hetoldthesho

pkeeperwhathewanted,adding,“ButIdon’thavethemoneyrightnow.Canyoupleaseholditformeforsometime?”“I’lltry,”theshopkeepersmile

d.“Peoplearoundheredon’tusuallyhavethatkindofmoneytospendonthings.Itshouldbekeptforawhile.”Reubenrespectfullytouchedhisw

orncapandwalkedintothesunlight.Hewouldraisethemoneyandnottellanybody,forhethoughthismomwouldgetsurprisedwhenshesawthatbrooch.Onhearingthesoun

dofhammeringfromasidestreet,Reubenhadanidea—hecouldraisemoneybysellingusednailbags.Herantowardstheso

undandstoppedataconstructionsite.PeoplebuilttheirownhomesinBayRoberts,usingnailsboughtinbagsfromalocalfactory.Sometimestheus

edbagswerethrownawayattheconstructionsite,andReubenknewhecouldsellthembacktothefactoryforfivecentsapiece.Thatdayhesoldtwonailbagsandhidthemoney

inarustysodatin(汽水罐).注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Everydayafterschool,Reubenstartedhisplan._________________

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__________________________________________________________Finally,thetimecame!______________________

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____________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionEverydayafterschool,Reubenstar

tedhisplan.Coldandhungry,Reubenwanderedonthestreets,searchingforthenailbagscarefully.Tosavemoney,heevendecidedtodeliverpapersinthenextmorning.

Exhaustedandtiredashefelt,hestillstucktotheplan.Itwasthebroochintheshopwindowthatremindedhimthatwhathedidwasworthwhile.Afteralongti

meofhardwork,hemadeiteventually.Finally,thetimecame!Hetookoutthesodatin,pouredthecoinsoutandbegantocount.Fivedollars

!Hishardworkpaidoff!Holdingthesodatinfirmly,Reubenrushedtotheshoptobuythebrooch.Themomenthegotthebeautifulbrooch,heburstthroughthefro

ntdoorandplaceditinDora’shand.NeverhadDorareceivedsuchagift.Speechlessandhappy,sheheldhersontightlyinherarms,withtear

swellingupinhereyes.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Reuben看见橱窗里有一个漂亮的胸针，想买给妈妈，但是钱不够，他请店主给他留着，自己靠卖袋子赚钱，最终赚够了钱，买了胸针

送给妈妈。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“每天放学后，Reuben开始他的计划。”可知，第一段可描写Reuben为了攒钱买胸针，不仅努力寻找用过的袋子去卖，还早上去送报纸，通过艰辛的努力，他终于攒够了钱。②由第二段首句内容“那一刻终于到来了！”可知，第二段可描写Reuben拿着钱去商店，

买下那枚胸针送给妈妈，妈妈很开心。2.续写线索：开始攒钱计划——寻找袋子和早上送报纸——攒够了钱——去商店买胸针——送给妈妈胸针——妈妈很开心3.词汇激活行为类①闲逛、徘徊：wander/roam②决定做某事：decidetodosth./makeupone’smind

todosth.③坚持：stickto/persistin情绪类①疲倦的：tired/weary②高兴的：happy/delighted/pleased【点睛】[高分句型1].Itwasthebroochintheshopwindowtha

tremindedhimthatwhathedidwasworthwhile.(运用了强调句型结构，第二个that引导宾语从句和what引导主语从句)[高分句型2].NeverhadDorareceivedsuchagift.Speechlessandhappy,sheheldhersonti

ghtlyinherarms,withtearswellingupinhereyes.(运用了否定副词Never置于句首引起的部分倒装以及with的复合结构)听力1-5：ABCAB6-10：BABBA11-15：CACAB16-20：CABAC