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成都石室中学2020—2021学年度上期高2021届“一诊模拟”考试英语试卷满分150分考试时间：120分钟第I卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话，每段对
话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.1
5.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whowantstoborrowacamera?A.Mary.B.Jane.C.Alice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,couldyoulendmethedig
italcamera,David?M:Hi,Alice.I’dliketo,butitbelongstoJane.W:Well,inthatcase,I’llborrowonefromMary.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Att
endinganappointment.B.Discussingaperson.C.Applyingforaposition.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon.I’mRobertAnderson.Mrs
.Brownagreedtomeetmehere,andtalkaboutsomedetailsofourcooperation.Isshein?W:Yes,sheis.She’sbeenwaitingforyouintheoffice.Pleasecome
in.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethetwospeakerstalking?A.Inashop.B.Inabank.C.Inacinema.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.MayIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes.CouldIchange
thesepoundsfordollars,please?W:Doyouwantsmallbillsorlargeones?M:Bothwilldo.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowlongdidEricstayabroadinall?A.9days.B
.11days.C.16days.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Eric,couldyoutellmesomethingaboutyourtriptoEurope?M:Sure.Wespent4daysinEngland,5daysinItaly,a
ndfinallyoneweekinFrance.Mostofthejourney,wewereabsorbedwiththefascinatingsightsandviews.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhywillMr.Roger
sbeoffworknextweek?A.Tomakehisholiday.B.Toattendawedding.C.Totravelonbusiness.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:It’ssaidthatMr.Rog
erswillbeoutofworknextweek.M:Yes,exactly.W:Forwhat?Totakeaholidayorgoonbusiness?M:Neither.He’stravellingtose
ehisniece.She’sgettingmarriednextTuesday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将
有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhyisJaneunhappy?A.Davidfellinlovewithher.B.Shemet
problemswithmath.C.Kevinmadeupstoriesabouther.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Bossandempl
oyee.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,sir.Couldyousparemeaminute?M:Sure,Jane.Youlookupset.Whathappened?W:Well,youknow,it
’sKevin.HeistellingeveryonethatDavidandIareinlove.Butwearenot.Wearejustastudypair.YouknowIhelphimwithhisEnglishandhehelpsmewithmymat
h.M:Oh.Iwasgoingtotellyouthatyouhavemadegreatprogressinmath.Thatexplains.Don’tworry.I’lltalktoKevintomorrow.听下面一段较长
对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whendoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.OnMonday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnSaturday
.9.Whatmakesthenewly-openedrestaurantpopular?A.Goodposition.B.Specialfoods.C.Musicshow.10.Whenwillthe
musicbeover?A.At8.B.At9.C.At10.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Kathy.Anyplansfortonight?W:Notyet,Frank.Iwaswonderingwheretogofordinner
.M:ButIthoughtyoualwayseatattheschool.W:MostofthetimeIdo.Butonweekends,I’dliketogoout.Anysuggestions?M:Well,anewrestaurantopenedrec
ently.IwenttherelastWednesday.It’ssogreat.W:Inwhatway?M:Theyofferedfoodaswellasmusicshow.W:Musicshow?M:Yea
h.Youknow,songs,dances.W:Soundsgood.Whendoesitstart?M:At8.Anditwilllastanhour.W:Howwonderful!What’stheirmenulike?M:Theyofferfoodofdifferentkinds
.Youknow,Japanesefood,Frenchfood,Indianfood…W:Great.IlikeFrenchfood.IthinkI’dbetterreserveatablefor3at6,andthenwecanstayfort
heshow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthird-handsmoke?A.Fromyoungs
mokers.B.Fromanewspaperarticle.C.Fromsomesmokingparents.12.Whydoesthemansaythatheshouldkeepawayfromabab
y?A.He’sjustbecomeafather.B.Hewearsdirtyclothes.C.Heisasmoker.13.What’sthewoman’ssuggestionforsmokingparents?A.Quitsmoking.B.Stayoutdoors.C.C
leanclothes.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:Bob,I’msureyouknowaboutsecond-handsmoke.M:Ofcourse,Ido.W:Buthaveyouheardaboutthird-handsmoke?M:Third-h
andsmoke?I’mafraidnot.Whatisthatthen?W:Well,itishereintoday’spaper.Parentsmaythinktheyareprotectingchildrenfrom
second-handsmokewhentheysmokeoutsidetheirhomeoronlywhenthechildrenarenotthere.Butnowresearchersarewarningaboutwha
ttheycallthird-handsmoke.Whenyousmoke,dangerousmatterfromcigarettesgetintoyourhairandclothing.Asbabiesar
etheweakest,whenyoucometoababy,youpassittothebabyandincreasethechancesofdiseaseinthebaby.M:Isthatso?InthatcaseIhavetosayth
atIshouldnevergetclosetoababy.W:That’sright.Actuallyallsmokingparentsshoulddothesameorbettergiveitupcom
pletely.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthesciencebook?A.It’soflittlevalue.B.It’sinbadcondit
ion.C.It’sanoldedition.15.Howmuchwillthewomanpaytheman?A.$30.B.$23.C.$21.16.Whyisthewomanunwillingtobuymoretext
books?A.Textbooksarechangeable.B.She’sinfinancialtrouble.C.Sheprefersnewbooks.【答案】14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:HeySusan,areyouinterestedinbuyings
omeusedbooksforschool?Youcanreallysavesomemoneythatway.W:Well,whatdoyouhave?M:Well,let’ssee.IhaveasciencebookcalledToday’sWorldandIamse
llingitfor30dollars.W:30?That’stooexpensiveforabrokenbooklikethat.M:Maybeso,butIboughtitfor60andIwrotealotofnotesinth
ebookthatshouldhelpyouwiththeclassifyoucouldreadmywriting.W:Whatelseareyouselling?M:OK,IhaveanEnglishwritingtextbookfor14dollars,amathsbookfor23a
ndanovelforonly7.W:Hmm...M:It’suptoyou.Youknowthesethingsgofast.W:OK,I’lltakethewritingbookandthenovel.Ineedbothofth
oseforsure.M:Nomoretextbooks?W:Notnow.Teachersarealwayschangingtheirmindsabouttextbooks.M:Allright.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去
附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Hissuccessinacting.B.Hisworkexperience.C.Hisregretforignorance.18.Howdid
thespeakerfeelonhisarrivalatLosAngeles?A.Discouraged.B.Worried.C.Confident.19.Whatdidhethinkofhiscareerasanactor?A.D
isappointing.B.Tiring.C.Interesting.20.Whatdidhedecidetodointheend?A.Saygoodbyetomovies.B.Turntomoviemanagement.C.
Behappywithsmallroles.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,everyone.It’sgoodtoseeyouallheretoday.Ibelievesomeyouoncedreamedofbec
omingfamous.Iwasoneofyou.NowI’dliketosharemystorywithyou.Asayoungactor,IfirstarrivedinLosAngelesin1984.Isawtheshiningligh
tsofthecityastheplanelandedandIfeltexcitedasthefirststepthatwouldleadmetofortunegotunderway.Iimaginedthatthedevelopmentofmydreamwouldmovesm
oothly,andsoonIwouldbeoneofthebest-knownfacesoncinemascreenthroughouttheworld.Iwasconfidentinmyfirstperformancein1986.Iknewtheleadrolewasperfectfor
me.Iwasanxioustobecomewell-known.Butwhentheyofferedmeasmallrole,Isawthatmyplansforquicksuccesshadbeenruined.O
vertheyearsItriedoutforotherroles,butInevergotagoodpart.SometimesIthoughtofgivingup.Fiveyearslater,Ifoundmyselfworki
ngintheofficesofamoviecompany.AndeventuallyIendedupasamanagerofthiscompanyafteryearsofhardwork.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列
短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AHavinggivengoodresponsestoallquestions,Thomas,withaperfectresume,failedhisjobinterviewlastweek.Christine,th
emanagerresponsiblefortheinterview,showedanactualpreferenceforThomasbutdecidedtoofferthejobtohersecondchoi
ce,addingthatthefactthatheneverlookedherintheeyesaid“untrustworthy”.“ItwasnotuntilIattendedadiversityworkshopthatI
realizedthepersonwepassedoverwastheperfectperson.”Christineadmittedlater.“WhatIdidn’tknownatthattimewasthatthecand
idate’soddbehaviorwassimplyaculturalmisunderstanding.HewasanAsian-Americanraisedinafamilywhererespectforthoseinauthoritywasshown
byturningawayyoureyes.Iwasjustthrownoffbythelackofeyecontact,notrealizingitwascultural,”Christinesays.Astheworldbecomessmallerandourwo
rkplacesbecomemorediverse,itisincreasinglyessentialtoexpandourunderstandingofothersandtoreexaminesomeofourfalseassumptions.Mindsetshelpsorga
nizationsandindividualsseetheirownblindspots.UnexpectedadvantageAtatimewhenhiringqualifiedpeopleisbecomingmoredif
ficult,employerswhocanhavenopersonalbiaseshaveanobviousadvantage.ArealestateagentillustratesthepositiveinfluenceofMindsets—“CoachedbyMind
setsfortwoweeks,Iacquiredhowtoownadiversifiedworkforce—Iemployedpeoplefromdifferentculturesandskillse
ts.Whentherealestatemarketbegantochange,itwasbecausewehadadiverseagentpoolthatwewereabletostayintherealestatemarketm
uchlongerthanothersinthesameprofession.”Strategicpower“Anopenmindaboutdiversitynotonlyimprovesorganizationsfrominside,itisprofitableaswell.”Such
commentisfromacustomerservicerepresentative,whoshowshowaninclusiveattitudecanimprovesales.Itwasn’tuntilherbossreceivedMindsets’trainingthats
hewasabletounderstandhowimportantinclusivenesswastocustomerservice.Oneofthebestthingsmycompanyhasdone
istocontractwithalanguageservicethatofferstranslationsoverthephone.Asaresult,ourcustomerbasehasincreased.”GenderunawarenessGordenisanaccountexecutive
whoattendedoneoftheworkshops.“Throughsomeofthelessons,Idiscoveredmypersonalbias.”herecalls.“Ihadamanagementpositiono
peninmydepartment;andthetwofinalistswereamanandawoman.HadInotattendedthisworkshop,Iwouldhaveautomaticallyassumedthemanwasthebestcandidatebecaus
ethepositionrequiredquiteabitofextensivetravel.Myassumptionwouldhavebeenthateventhoughbothcandidatesweregreatandcouldhavebeensuccessfulintheposition,
Iassumedthewomanwouldhavewantedtobehomewithherchildrenandnottravel.Thankstotheworkshop,Ihavelearnttomakedecisionsbasedonfairness.”2
1.Christine’smisjudgmentaboutthecandidateoriginatedfrom.A.racialdiscriminationB.culturaldifferencesC.gender
prejudiceD.physicalappearance22.WhichofthefollowingstatementswillGordennotagreewithaboutMindsets’workshops?A.Ithelpedhimmakef
airdecisions.B.Ithelpedhimdiscoverhispersonalbiasaboutgender.C.Ithelpedhimthinkmorehighlyoffemalecandidate
s.D.Ithelpedhimsuccessfullyfindcandidates.23.Accordingtothepassage,whatisMindsets?A.Aculturalexchangeprogram.B.Apersonneltrainingcompany.C.Areales
tateagency.D.Anon-profitorganization.【答案】21.B22.C23.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要通过四个案例介绍了Mindsets帮助企业和个人认清在员工面试、聘用、选拔等方面的问题和误区。【
21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhatIdidn’tknownatthattimewasthatthecandidate’soddbehaviorwassimplyaculturalmisunderstanding.”（当时我所不知道的是，这位候选人的奇怪行
为只是一种文化误解。）可知，Christine对候选人的误判源于文化差异。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Throughsomeofthelessons,Idiscoveredmypersonalbias.”（通过一些课程，我发现了我个人的偏见。）以及Gorden的回忆
“HadInotattendedthisworkshop,Iwouldhaveautomaticallyassumedthemanwasthebestcandidatebecausethepositionrequiredquiteabitofextensivetravel.
”（如果我没有参加这个研讨会，我会自然而然地认为这个人是最佳候选人，因为这个职位需要经常出差。）和“Thankstotheworkshop,Ihavelearnttomakedecisionsbasedon
fairness.”（多亏了这个研讨会，我学会了在公平的基础上做决定。）可以看出，他摒除了性别偏见，做出了公平的决定以及成功地找到了应聘者，C选项（这让他更加看重女性候选人）没有提到。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。从全文所
提及的四个实例可以看出，Mindsets帮助企业和个人解决了在面试、招聘、服务升级、人才选拔等方面的问题，由此推知，Mindsets一个人员培训公司。故选B。BSeveralyearsago,KenKeeganorganizedagatheringinLasVegas,withagrou
pofarchitectsinvolved,whowereaskedwhatitwouldtaketodesignapublicschoolwhichused50percentlessenergy,costmuchlesstobuildand
obviouslyimprovedstudentslearning.“Ithinkhalfofthemfellofftheirchairs,”Keegansays.Keeganisinchargeofth
emanagementschoolfacilitiesforClarkCounty,Nevada,adistrictroughlythesizeofMassachusetts.By2028,143,000additionalstudentswil
lenterthealreadycrowdedpublic-educationsystem.Keeganneeds73newschoolstohousethem.Fourarchitectureteamshavenearlyfinisheddesigningp
rimaryschoolprototypes.Withtheintentionofconstructingtheirschoolsin2019,thedistrictwillassesshowwelltheschoolsperformbeforeallowi
ngthewinnerstoconducttheirdesignsin50to70newbuildings.Greenschoolskeepemergingallover,butinClarkCounty,whichstandsoutforitsvastness,suchaggressivet
argetsaredifficultbecausedesignrequirementslikemorenaturallightforstudentsgoagainsttherealitiesofadesertcl
imate.“Oneofthebiggestobstaclesisgettingtherightsiteorientation,”Mark.Mc,adirectoratSHArchitecture,says.Histeamrecentlycomp
letedahighschoolinLasVegas.“Youhavethesamebuilding,samesetofwindows,butifitsorientationisincorrectanditfacesthesun,itwillber
eallyexpensivetocool.”Surprisingly,themanresponsibleforoneofthemostprogressivegreen-designcompetitionshasdoubtsaboutideasofeco-
friendlybuildings.“Idon’tbelieveinthenewgreenreligion,”Keegansays,“Someofthebuildingtechnologiesthatyou
putforwardareimpractical.I’monlyinterestedinthosethatwork.”Buthedoesn’tmindifsomegreenfeaturesinspirestudents.Hesayshehopestosetupgreenenergy
systemsthatallowthemtolearnabouttheprocessofharvestingwindandsolarpower.“Youneverknowwhat’sgoingtostarttheinterestofachildtostudymathandscie
nce,”hesays.24.Whatcanbeinferredfromthearchitects’reactioninParagraph1?A.Halfofthemlostbalanceinexcitement.B.Disbeliefwasobviou
slyseen.C.Mostofthemexpressedlittleinterest.D.Theyburstintocheers.25.Whichorderofstepsshouldbefollowedincarryingouttheproject?A.Assessment－Co
nstruction－Design.B.Assessment－Design－Construction.C.Design－Construction－Assessment.D.Design－Assessment－Cons
truction.26.WhatisthebiggestchallengeClarkCountyfacesiftheyaretobuildgreenschools?A.Thelargesize.B.Limitedf
acilities.C.Thedesertclimate.D.Poornaturalresources.27.InKeegan’sopinion,theideasofgreenschoolsare.A.q
uestionableB.outofdateC.advancedD.practical.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Keegan想要创办一所绿色学校的想法遭到了很多人的质疑，最后连自己也开始
怀疑自己的设计要求。诚然，具有创新精神是好，但不切实际的想法并不能得以实现，一切还得从实际出发。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ithinkhalfofthemfellofftheirchairs.”（我想他们中有一半是从椅子上摔下来的）可推知，建筑师
们觉得Keegan的要求不可思议，难以置信。A为“激动得失去了平衡”，B为“怀疑显然是显而易见的”，C为“不感兴趣”，D为“突然大哭”，都不符合本意，故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Fourarchitectureteamshaven
earlyfinisheddesigningprimaryschoolprototypes.Withtheintentionofconstructingtheirschoolsin2019,thedistrictwillassesshowwelltheschools
performbeforeallowingthewinnerstoconducttheirdesignsin50to70newbuildings.”（四个建筑团队已经完成了小学原型的设计。为了在2019
年建造他们的学校，该学区将评估学校的表现，然后允许获胜者在50至70座新建筑中进行设计。）可知，工程的实施应按照“设计—评估—建设”的程序。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“…suchagg
ressivetargetsaredifficultbecausedesignrequirementslikemorenaturallightforstudentsgoagainsttherealitiesofadesertclimate.”（……这样激进的目标是困难的，因
为设计要求，如为学生提供更多的自然光，与沙漠气候的现实相违背。）可知，建绿色校园的难题是沙漠气候，而并非巨大的面积、有限的设施或贫瘠的自然资源，故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Idon’tbelieveinthenewgreenreligion.
..”（我不相信新的绿色宗教……）,“Someofthebuildingtechnologiesthatyougetareimpractical…”（你提出的一些建筑技术是不切实际的……）可知，Keegan对上面提到的计划感到怀疑。故选A。CNowadays
,manyoftheworld’slargestbrewers(acompanythatproducesbeer)areusingnewtechnologiestoreplacethedisposable,plasticsix-packbeerrin
gswithmoresustainableandrecyclablematerials.Thoughmostlybeingusedinsmalltesttrials,fulladoptioncouldhaveapositiveenvironmentalimpact,accordingto
someexperts.Carlsberg,theDanishbrewer,forexample,isusinggluetoadherecansinaproductionmethodthatwouldavoidusing1,200tonsofp
lasticyearly,ortheequalof60millionplasticbags,oncefullyadopted.Formostconsumers,themiserableimageofasea
gull,turtle,orsomeotheraquaticcreaturetrappedorkilledbytheplasticringsreallyarousestheirstrongsympathyaswellastheirreflectiononth
eplasticpollutionissue.Thatisapartofthereasonwhybrewershavezeroedinonplasticsix-pack-ringpackaging.Luckily,child
renaretaughttocutuptheringstolessenthechancethatananimalmightchokeitselftodeath.DevelopedbyE6PR(EdibleSixPackRing)programme,whichisledbyan
otherbrewerycalledSaltwater,theringsmadeofwastewheatinbeerproductionarenowusedby35brewersacrosstheglobe,includinginAfrica,Europe,andAustralia.Thefin
algoalistoensurethattheycanbeeatenharmlesslybyaquaticcreaturesorbreakdowninnaturewithinamatterofweeksratherthantheyearsitwilltakefo
rplastic.Givingupplasticstrawsandbeerringsmayhelpconsumersfeelbetterabouttheircarbonfootprint,butsomeexpertssaywe
shouldalsofocusonotherefforts.RecyclingratesintheU.S.standatjustover34%.Glass,inwhichmanybrewersbottlethei
rbeer,canbedifficulttorecycleandtransport.Ifbrewerschosethinnerglass,theimprovementcouldproveevenmorebeneficialtotheenvironmentthangivingupp
lasticrings.However,therecanbeariskthatconsumersmaybemorelikelytolitter,iftheythinktheE6PRringsarelessharmful.“Thei
deaofcreatingsomethingthat’slitter-friendlyisanissueinmymind,”saysNinaGoodrich,executivedirectorofanenvironmen
talnonprofitorganization,GreenBlue.“WhatweneedinNorthAmericaisabettersystemtoencouragecollectionandsort
ing.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adhere”inParagraph2mean?A.attach.B.grasp.C.select.D.stick.29.WecanlearnfromParagraph2andParagraph3that.A.Car
lsberghascompletelyreliedontheuseofgluetostickcansasaproductionmethod.B.Itisthedeathofseaanimalsthatdrawspeople’sattenti
ontotheplasticpollutionproblem.C.Childrenaretaughttocutuptheplasticringstopreventtheringsharminganimals.D.Brewershavechangedtheirp
ackingmaterialsduetothepressurefromconsumers.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheE6PRrings?A.Doubtful.
B.Neutral.C.Supportive.D.Indifferent.31.WhichstatementistrueaboutNinaGoodrich?A.Shewishestoestablishacollect
ionandsortingsysteminAmerica.B.Shedoesn’tthinktheE6PRringsareharmfulforaquaticanimals.C.Herteamhasalreadyproducedsom
elitter-friendlymaterials.D.Sheisinchargeofacharitythatworksonprotectingoceanenvironment.【答案】28.D29.C30
.B31.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是世界上许多大的啤酒生产商正在使用新技术来代替一次性塑料啤酒捆绑环，以减少对水生生物和环境的危害。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据“...theDanishbrewer,forexample,isusingglueto..
.cansinaproductionmethod”（例如，丹麦啤酒制造商嘉士伯(Carlsberg)就在一种生产方法中使用胶水来粘接易拉罐。）可知，是用胶水来封罐，adhere意为“粘住”。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最
后一句“Luckily,manychildrenaretaughttocutuptheringstolessenthechancethatananimalmightchokeitselftodeath.”（幸运的是，许多孩子被教导要把塑料环切碎，以减少动物可能窒息而死的机会。）可知
，孩子们被教导剪碎塑料环，以防止塑料环伤害动物。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段作者在介绍E6PRrings的成分(madeofwastewheat)，使用范围和最终目标“Thefinalgoalistoensurethattheycanbee
atenharmlesslybyaquaticcreaturesorbreakdowninnaturewithinamatterofweeksratherthantheyearsitwilltakeforplastic.”（最终目标是确保它们能在几周内被水生生物无害地吃掉，或在自然界中分
解，而不是像塑料那样需要数年时间。）和文章最后一段第一句“There’salsotheriskthatifconsumersthinktheirE6PRringsarelessharmful,they’llbemorelikelytolit
ter.”（还有一个风险是，如果消费者认为他们的E6PR环危害更小，他们就更有可能乱扔垃圾。）可知，还有一个风险是，如果消费者认为E6PR塑料环危害较小，他们就更有可能乱扔垃圾。所以，作者只是客观地介
绍了E6PR塑料环，作者对E6PR塑料环持中立态度。故选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“WhatweneedinNorthAmericaisabettersystemtoencouragecollectionandsorting.（我们在北美所需要的是一个更好的系统来鼓励收集
和分类。）”可知，她希望在美国建立一个收集和分类系统。故选A。DWhenwe’vegotchildren,it’stypicalofustogivecarefulthoughttohowmuchTVthechildrenarewatchingandthatthey’reex
posedto.ArewebeingoverprotectiveabouttheeffectrealityTVishavingonourchild?Theansweris“No”.Orrather,there’sincreasingevidencethattheseprogrammescanh
aveaprofoundinfluenceonyoungpeople.ArecentresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybitasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsarefor
kids—perhapsevenworse.ThetruthisthatrealityTVisanythingbutreality—butthat’snotnecessarilywhatourchildrenbelieve.Astudyforth
eGirlScoutResearchInstituteintheUSfoundthateightoutoftengirlsagedbetween11and17whoregularlywatchrealityshowsbelievethes
eprogrammesdescribereallife.Infact,muchofrealityTVisaheavilymanipulatedviewofwhat’sreallyhappening,andtheworstofitstrengthensthesortoffemalestere
otypeswomenhavespentdecadestryingtoremove.ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hard-working,purpo
sefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.There’sawidespreademphasisonthevalueofwomenbeingabouthowtheylookandd
ress,whichgivesyoungviewersthemessagethatbeingawomanisallaboutstyleandappearance,notwhatyoudoorstandf
or.CulturalcriticandwriterJenniferPoznerdescribesrealityTVas“thecontemporarynegativereactionagainstfeminism”.ImranSiddiquee,DirectorofS
ocialMediaandOutreach,isconcernedthattheseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize”theminwhatappeartobeever
ydaysettings.“Theyoffersuchalimitedviewofwhatitistobeawoman,andallovertheworldyounggirlsareaddictedtoit,”hesays.Siddiqueedoesrecognize,ho
wever,thatmanygirlsthemselvesvaluerealityTV.Somesayitencouragesthemtothinkaboutsituationsdifferentfromtheirown.Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturew
omenrunningtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.“It’simportanttoacknowledgethattherearesomeusefulelementsinrealityTV,”Siddique
esays.“Butmanygirlsneedtobeinspiredtothinkmorecriticallyaboutsomeaspectsoftheseshowssothey’renotmanipulatedbythemandsothei
rbehaviourdoesn’tchangebecauseofthem.”Weshouldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkersandhelpthemdeveloptheirmedialiteracy.WhetherrealityTVisc
hangingourchildren’sviews,orwhethertheyareattractedtoprogrammesthatagreewiththeirbeliefs,it’svitalwerecognizethattheirviewinghabitscoulds
trengthentheseunbalancedideas.32.Thispassageismostprobablyintendedfor.A.Teenagegirls.B.Parents.C.Mediaworkers.D.Generalpublic.33.What
istheproblemwitharealityTVshow?A.Itistootruetolifeforaudiencetobelievein.B.Actorsanddirectorslackasenseofinnovation.C.I
tscontentsandviewsareratherartificial.D.Ithascausedcontroversiesamongteenagers.34.AccordingtotheImranSiddquee,whatshouldrealityTVsho
wspresent?A.Genuineaccountsoffemalesandtheirwork.B.Waystogainmorepopularityamongpeers.C.DistinctionbetweentruelifeandTVdramas.D.Tipsonhowtobec
omestylishyounggirls.35.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A.SituationswhereteenagersareattractedtocertainTVprogramm
es.B.RealityTVshows’impactonyounggirlsandparent’sguidance.C.Thewaytohelpchildrentohavethehabitofcritical
thinking.D.ThestereotypesofwomenonTVandaudience’sreaction.【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了一些真人电视节目输出的错误价值观和内容塑造了对女性的刻板印象和强调外在，忽视了女性内在美和独立奋斗的形象
，会误导青春期少女。作者呼吁家长培养孩子面对这类内容要进行独立思考，而不是被塑造影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。由文章前两段可知，作者主要针对“weparents”“ourchildren”在说明当下的一些真人秀对年轻人，尤其是青春期少
女的影响，希望家长能给与正确引导。所以这篇文章的目标群体是家长们。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordr
amaqueens.Strong,hard-working,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.”（许多电视真人秀中的女性
都扮演着少女妈妈或戏剧女王的角色。在这些节目中，身强力壮、勤奋上进、有远大抱负的年轻女性并不多见。）和第四段“...theseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize"theminwhatappeartobeeveryday
settings...”（这些节目展示了对女性最糟糕的刻板印象，并在似乎是日常的场景中将其“正常化”）”可知，第三、四两段集中论述真人秀的问题，内容充满了对女性的刻板印象解读，展现的都是女性美丽的外表，而不是一个女
性应该有的独立和上进心，这种价值观是错误的，会误导女孩对于女性的认知。由此可知，真人秀的内容和观点是相当虚假的。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturewomenrunnin
gtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.”（他们还指出，一些节目以女性经营自己成功的企业为特色。）可知，一些节目展现的是成功的经营自己事业的女性，该段在说一些女孩对于这类节目的思考，也举出了不同于之前只注重女性外表的节
目。换句话说，ImranSiddquee认为真人秀应该展现的是女性和她们的事业。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ArecentresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybi
tasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsareforkids—perhapsevenworse.”（最近的一项研究表明，一些真人秀节目对十几岁的女孩的伤害和太多卡通节目对孩子的伤害一样大，甚至可能更糟）和最后一段“Wes
houldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkersandhelpthemdeveloptheirmedialiteracy.”（我们应该鼓励我们的孩子成为批判性思考者，并帮助他们发展媒体素养）结合全文内容，
可知首段，作者指出现在很多电视节目对年轻人有很大影响。同时最后一段作者指出，家长要帮助孩子养成批判性的思考习惯，因此文章大意是真人秀对年轻女孩的影响以及家长应如何指引。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短
文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LookingaroundthestreetsofLondon,you’lldefinitelyseemanymethodspeopleusetomovearound.____36__
__Nowthere’sanewaddition:electricscootersore•scooters.Thistraditionalchildren’svehiclehasbecomemorecomplicatedovertheyears.Andnow,withtheadditiono
fasmallelectricmotor,it’sbecomeacheapandeasymodeoftransport.Scootingaroundtowncanbefunanddoesn’tinvolvemucheffort.___37___Butconsiderin
gaccidentsinvolvingthiselectricscooterintheU.K.,questionsarebeingaskedabouttheirsafetyandwhethertrafficlawsshouldbechanged.Ma
nye•scooterridersintheU.K.brokethelaw.Somehadbeenseenonpavements,andothersontheroadjumpedredtrafficlights,addingtothefrustrationof
motoristsstuckintrafficjams.IntheU.K.,thelawstatesthatridingoneonthepublichighwayorpavementisforbidden.Despitethis,itseemstheincreasingpopularityof
e•scootersmeanstheycanbeseeneverywhere.___38___TheU.K.governmentislookingathowsafelytheycanbeusedontheroadandis“reviewing”thelaw.Butitstransportmini
ster,MichaelEllis,hastoldtheBBCthat“Micromobilityproductsareappearingincountriesacrosstheglobeandareanexc
itinginnovation,forwhichweknowthereisdemand.___39___”___40___Despitethefactthatsomeofthemcanexceed30m
ph,theysometimesonlyhaveonebrakeandnolights.Howeverconfidenttheridermaybe,largervehiclesontheroadmakethemunpro
tected.Soitseemsthatmoreworkneedstobedonetogivee•scootersasafeandlegalspacetotravelin.A.Theroadsarealrea
dyverycrowded.B.What’sthebestmeansoftransport?C.Peopleseldomseee•scooteraccidentsintheU.K.D.However,
safetymustalwaysbeourtoppriority.E.Andnowusersareaskingthatregulationsbechanged.F.There’snodoubtthatthere
aredangersofridingatwo•wheeledscooter.G.It’snowonderthatit’sbecomingincreasinglypopularintheworld.【答案】36.A37.G38.E39.D40.F【解析
】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型交通工具——电动滑板车兴起的原因及随之出现的安全问题等。【36题详解】根据首句中“LookingaroundthestreetsofLondon,you’llseemanymethodspeopleus
etomovearound.”（环顾一下伦敦街道，你会看到人们有许多出行的方式。）可知，现在伦敦的街道上有许多种不同的出行方式，紧接着，空后又出现“Nowthere’sanewaddition:electricscootersore•scoote
rs.”（现在又增加了一种新的出行方式——电动滑板车。）现在又有新的出行方式了，空处应是承上启下，既说出了多种出行方式造成街道拥挤，又说明了空后会出现新的出行方式的原因，即伦敦街道已经很拥挤了。结合选项，可知A项“道路总是
非常拥挤”符合语境，故选A。【37题详解】根据空处上文“Andnow,withtheadditionofasmallelectricmotor,it’sbecomeacheapandeasymodeoftransport.Scootingaroundtowncanbefunanddoesn’tin
volvemucheffort.”（现在加上一个电动小马达，它是一种便宜方便的交通模式，在镇子里跑来跑去很有趣，而且也不费力。）可知，电动滑板车具有廉价便捷等诸多优势，而空后是“Butconsideringaccidentsinvolvingthise
lectricscooterintheU.K.,questionsarebeingaskedabouttheirsafetyandwhethertrafficlawsshouldbechanged.”（但是考虑到在英国出现了有关于电动滑板车的事故，必须考虑
它们的安全性和是否要改交通法。）与空前意思相反了，所以空处应该是还在讲它的好的一方面，结合选项G项“在全球它变得越来越受欢迎并不足为奇”符合语境，故选G。【38题详解】根据上文“IntheU.K.,thelawstatesthatrid
ingoneonthepublichighwayorpavementisforbidden.Despitethis,itseemstheincreasingpopularityofe•scootersmeanstheyc
anbeseeneverywhere.”（在英国，法律禁止在公路或人行道上骑行。尽管如此，日益流行的电动滑板车似乎随处可见。）可知，在英国，虽然法律禁止在公路或人行道上骑行但是日益流行的电动滑板车似乎随处可见，因此，旧有的法律规定和电动滑板车的日益流行相互矛
盾，由此推知，现在用户们要求改变法规，E项“并且现在使用者们要求改变规章制度”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据本段前两句“TheU.K.governmentislookingathowsafelythe
ycanbeusedontheroadandis“reviewing”thelaw.Butitstransportminister,MichaelEllis,hastoldtheBBCthat“Micromobilityproduc
tsareappearingincountriesacrosstheglobeandareanexcitinginnovation,forwhichweknowthereisdemand.”（英国政府正在研究他们怎么才能在路上被安全使用，并且重新审视法律，
但是交通部部长MichaelEllis已经告诉BBC微型移动产品正在全球各国出现，且人们对这项创新有很大的需求。）可推知现在电动滑板的使用是势在必行了，结合下一段内容，可知，电动滑板使用也存在安全问题，所以空处这里应该是引出下文
的安全性话题，结合选项，D项“不管怎么样安全必须处于我们的首要位置”符合题意，故选D。【40题详解】根据设空后两句“Despitethefactthatsomeofthemcanexceed30mph,theysometimesonlyhav
eonebrakeandnolights.Howeverconfidenttheridermaybe,largervehiclesontheroadmakethemunprotected.”（尽管有些电动滑板车时速能超过30英里，但它
们只有一个刹车，没有车灯。骑行者很自信，但路上更大的交通工具让他们没有保护。）可知，尽管有些电动滑板车时速能超过30英里，但它们只有一个刹车，没有车灯，因此，人们在驾驶电动滑板车的过程中存在危险。结合选项，F项“骑行着一个有着两个轮的电动滑板车是有危险的”符合语境，故选F。第三部分英语
知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GraywasbornonNewYear’sDayinSanAntonio.Heweighedjustthreepoun
dsandonlyhad___41___onhishead,faceandpartsofhislegs.Therestwas___42___.Doctorshavenotbeenabletoidentifyhiscondition.SinceGraywas___43_
__heartratereductionsandnotgainingweight,doctorsconsidered___44___hislifesupport.Buthismotherfoughttohavehimmovedtoanother
___45___.Eventually,inApril,hewastakentoTexasChildren’sHospital---theonlyplacewellequippedenoughto___46___him.Againsta
llodds,Grayisstill___47___,unliketheonlyothertwobabieswhohadbeen___48___withthisconditionintheUS,___49__
_ofwhomsurvivedverylong.Forthefirsttry,thefirstofitskindinachildofthis____50____andwiththiscondition,doctorstr
ansplantedskinontoGraywhichhadbeengrownbyapharmaceuticalcompanythatnormally____51____skintoburnvictims.Th
eskinwasgrownusingcellsthatdoctors____52____fromthebaby’sear.Graycurrentlyweighsaround18pounds.Doctorsha
vetakenoffhispainmedicationand____53____hisbreathingtube.Hisconditionisslowly____54____andthefamilyarecountingdownthedaysuntilhei
s____55____togohome.Itisstill____56____whatconditionGrayissufferingfrom,butthemotherfinally____57____herbabyafterthelife-savingtransp
lant.Comparedwithmen,womenarevulnerable,butmothersare____58____.Amother’sloveneverchangesnorcanitbe____59____by
anything.Itwasthemother’sgreatandselflesslovethatgavethebabyanother____60____ofcherry.41.A.hairsB.bonesC.skinsD.veins42.A.c
utB.rottenC.lostD.missing43.A.exercisingB.experiencingC.practicingD.examining44.A.turningdownB.turningoffC.turningover
D.turningup45.A.destinationB.hospitalC.clinicD.department46.A.accessB.adoptC.adaptD.accept47.A.aliveB.positive
C.activeD.energetic48.A.bornB.concernedC.givenD.provided49.A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.none50.A.timeB.areaC.cityD.
age51.A.promotesB.producesC.suppliesD.provides52.A.collectedB.electedC.plantedD.cloned53.A.rejectedB.reformedC.reducedD.removed54.A.tran
sformingB.developingC.improvingD.worsening55.A.demandedB.ensuredC.allowedD.accompanied56.A.unclearB.unusualC.obviousD.unique57.A.wi
tnessedB.kissedC.heardD.cleaned58.A.kindB.wiseC.strongD.mild59.A.replacedB.transmittedC.purchasedD.transferred60.A.chanceB.
mouthC.portionD.bite【答案】41.C42.D43.B44.B45.B46.D47.A48.A49.B50.D51.C52.A53.D54.C55.C56.A57.B58.C59.A60.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Gra
y出生时身上多处没有皮肤，医生原本想放弃治疗，但母亲极力坚持，Gray才在唯一一家愿意接受他的德克萨斯儿童医院得以存活。文章通过这个故事告诉我们：母爱是伟大的、无可替代的。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他只有3磅重，头上、脸上和腿上只有几
处皮肤。A.hairs头发；B.bones骨头；C.skins皮肤；D.veins静脉，血管。根据下文“doctorstransplantedskinontoGray”可知，Gray天生只有在头上、脸上和部分腿上有皮肤。故选C。【42题详解】考查形
容词词义辨析。句意：剩下的部分缺失了。A.cut割下的；B.rotten腐烂的，腐败的；C.lost失去的，丢失的；D.missing丢失的，缺少的。根据上文“onlyhad___1___onhishead,
faceandpartsofhislegs.”可知，此处指Gray的剩余部位缺少皮肤。故选D。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于Gray的心率下降，体重没有增加，医生考虑关闭他的生命维持系统。A.exercising锻炼；B.experiencing体验
，经历；C.practicing练习；D.examining检查。根据“heartratereductionsandnotgainingweight,”可知，此处指Gray饱受着疾痛之苦,用“经历”符合语境。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于Gray的心
率下降，体重没有增加，医生考虑关闭他的生命维持系统。A.turningdown拒绝，调低；B.turningoff关闭；C.turningover移交给，把……翻过来；D.turningup出现，调大。根据下文“Buthismotherfoughttohavehi
mmovedtoanother___5___”可知，此处指医生看到Gray的情况，想放弃对他的治疗，所以关掉了维持他生命的设备。故选B。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他的母亲竭力想把他转到另一家医院。A.destination目的地；B.hospi
tal医院；C.clinic诊所；D.department部门。根据下文“hewastakentoTexasChildren’sHospital”可知，此处是信息词hospital的词汇复现。故选B。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，在4月，他被送进了德克萨斯
儿童医院，这是唯一一个设备齐全的、可以接收他的医院。A.access进入；B.adopt收养，采纳；C.adapt适合，适应；D.accept接受。结合语境可知，这家儿童医院设备齐全，可以收治Gray。故选D。【47题
详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，Gray仍然活着，不像在美国出生时就患有这种疾病的另外两个婴儿，他们都没活多久。A.alive活着的，有活力的；B.positive积极的；C.active主动的，活跃的；D
.energetic精力充沛的。根据下文中“___9___ofwhomsurvivedverylong.”及语境可知，此处指Gray经历了这么多磨难还活着。故选A。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，Gray仍然活着，不像在美国出生时就患有这种疾病的另外两个婴儿，他
们都没活多久。A.born出生；B.concerned担心；C.given给；D.provided提供。根据语境可知，这两名婴儿和Gray情况相同，天生就患有这种疾病。故选A。【49题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重
，Gray仍然活着，不像在美国出生时就患有这种疾病的另外两个婴儿，他们都没活多久。A.either（两者中的）任何一个；B.neither两者都不；C.both两者都；D.none三者以上都不。根据“G
rayisstill___7___,unliketheonlyothertwobabieswhohadbeen___8___withthisconditionintheUS”可知，与Gray有相同疾病的两个婴儿都没有存活很长时间
，“两者都不”的表达为neither。故选B。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为第一次尝试，在这个年段、这种情况下的儿童中，医生们将皮肤移植到Gray身上，这是由一家通常为烧伤患者提供皮肤的制药公司培育的。A.time时间
；B.area地区；C.city城市；D.age年龄。根据上文中“GraywasbornonNewYear’sDay”可知，Gray刚出生不久，所以此处指医院是首次给这个年龄的孩子做皮肤移植手术。故选D。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为第
一次尝试，在这个年段、这种情况下的儿童中，医生们将皮肤移植到Gray身上，这是由一家通常为烧伤患者提供皮肤的制药公司培育的。A.promotes促进；B.produces生产；C.supplies供应；D.provides提供。根据语境可知，这家医药公司是给烧伤患
者提供皮肤的，supplysth.tosb.“给某人提供某物”。虽然provide也表提供，但固定搭配为providesth.forsb.。故选C。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生从婴儿的耳朵上采集细胞，培
育出皮肤。A.collected收集；B.elected选举；C.planted种植；D.cloned克隆。根据语境可知，医生从Gray的耳朵上釆集到了细胞，医药公司借助这些细胞生成皮肤。故选A。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生已经取下了他的止痛药并取下了他的呼吸管。A.reject
ed拒绝；B.reformed改革；C.reduced减少；D.removed去除，移动。根据上文中的“Graycurrentlyweightsaround18pounds.Doctorshavetakenoffhispainmedication”可知，Gray的情况有所好转，所以医
生停了他的止痛药物，移除了他的呼吸设备。故选D。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的病情正在慢慢好转，他的家人正在倒计时，等待他获准回家。A.transforming使改变；B.developing发展；C.improving提高，改善；D.worsening使变得
更差。根据下文的“thefamilyarecountingdownthedaysuntilheis15togohome.”可知，家人在盼着他回家，由此推知Gray的情况正在好转。故选C。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。
句意：他的病情正在慢慢好转，他的家人正在倒计时，等待他获准回家。A.demanded要求；B.ensured保证，确保；C.allowed允许；D.accompanied陪伴。根据语境及常识可知，Gray的家人在倒数着医院允许他出院的日子。故选C。【56题详
解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gray的病情目前还不清楚，但这位母亲在接受了这一救命的器官移植手术后，终于亲吻了自己的孩子。A.unclear不清楚的；B.unusual不寻常的；C.obvious明显的；D.u
nique独一无二的。根据语境可知，医生们还没有弄清楚这种病症的相关情况。故选A。【57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gray的病情目前还不清楚，但这位母亲在接受了这一救命的器官移植手术后，终于亲吻了自己的孩子。A.witnessed目击；B.kissed接吻；C.heard听说；D.
cleaned打扫，清洁。结合上下文可知，此处是指Gray的妈妈终于可以在大面积地进行皮肤移植之后亲吻自己的孩子。故选B。【58题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与男人相比，女人是脆弱的，但母亲是坚强的。A.kind善良的；B.wise明智的；C.strong强
壮的，坚强的；D.mild温和的。根据上文中的“but”可知，此处应与上文中的“vulnerable”形成对比转折关系，即女本脆弱，为母则刚。C项意为“坚强的”，符合语境。故选C。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲的爱永远不会改变，也无法用任
何东西代替。A.replaced代替；B.transmitted传输，输送；C.purchased购买；D.transferred转换，转变。结合常识可知，母爱是不可替代的。故选A。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是母亲伟大而无私的爱，给了婴儿再一次机会。A.chance机会；B
.mouth嘴；C.portion部分；D.bite少量食物，（咬下的）一口。此处为固定表达anotherbiteofcherry“再一次机会”。故选D。第II卷第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面
材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。EverydayIseeadvertisementsinthenewspapersandonthebuses___61___(claim)thatitiseasyandq
uicktolearnEnglish.ThereisevenareferencetoWilliamShakespeareorCharlesDickenstoencouragelearnersevenmore.Wh
enIseeadvertisementslikethis,Idon’tknowwhethertolaugh___62___cry.Butmanypeoplemustbelievetheseridiculousc
laims,orelsetheadvertisementswouldnotappear.Ofcourseitisclearthatstudents___63___gotoEnglandtolearnEnglishhaveagreatadvantage__
_64___others,buttoomanycannotaffordtodoso.Somegototheoppositeextremeandthinktheycanteach___65___(they)athomewithdictionaries.Butitiswrongt
oassumethateachwordinEnglishhasapreciseequivalentinanotherlanguage,letaloneproducesgood___66___(pronounce)andintonation.Mostteachingisstill___67___(b
ase)onbehavioristpsychology.Behavioristsarefondofmakingstudentsrepeatphrasesand___68___(encourage)themtomakesentences
.Ifwe___69___(be)parrotsorchimpanzees,thesemethodsmightbesuccessful.Alargenumberoftheoristsseemtothink____70____isapitythatwearen’t,because
itwouldmakeiteasiertousetheirmethods.【答案】61.claiming62.or63.who/that64.over65.themselves66.pronunciation67.based68.encouraging69.were70.it【解析】这
是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一名教师对语言学习的个人看法。他认为学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法在情理之中，但学英语并非广告中说的那么轻松。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我每天都在报纸上、公共汽车上看到各种广告，声称学英语容易又快。分析句子可知谓语动词为se
e，claim在句中应用非谓语动词形式，claim与逻辑主语advertisements之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词表主动，故填claiming。【62题详解】考查连词。句意：当我看到这样的广告时，
我不知道是该哭还是该笑。根据whether可知此处使用的是固定搭配whether...or...，表示“是……还是……”，故填or。【63题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当然，很明显，去英国学习英语的学生比其他人有很大的优势，但太多的人负担不起这样做。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从
句，先行词是students(学生)，指人，可用关系代词who/that代替先行词，作从句的主语，故填who/that。【64题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：当然，很明显，去英国学习英语的学生比其他人有很大的优势，但太多的人负担不起这样做。根据haveagreatadvantage可知此处为固定
短语：haveagreatadvantageoversb.表示比某人更占优势，符合句意，故填over。【65题详解】考查代词。句意：有些人则走到了相反的极端，认为他们可以在家里用字典自学。由句意以及动词teach可知此处应填反身代词，teacho
neself表示“自学”，故填themselves。【66题详解】考查名词。句意：但是，如果认为英语中的每个单词在另一种语言中都有精确的对等词，那就错了，更不用说产出良好的发音和语调了。由形容词good与并列连词and后的intonation(语调)可知此处应填名词pronunciati
on(发音)作并列宾语，故填pronunciation。【67题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：大多数教学仍然是基于行为主义心理学。由系动词is与介词on可知此处为固定搭配bebasedon，表示“以...为基础”，符合句意，故填based。【68题详解】考查动名词。
句意：行为主义者喜欢让学生重复短语，鼓励他们造句。由and可知，encourage应与making并列，作arefondof的宾语，所以应使用动名词形式，故填encouraging。【69题详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，这些方法可能会成功。由if和句意可知此处虚拟语
气，表示与现在事实相反的情况，时态用一般过去时，be动词用were，故填were。【70题详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：许多理论学家似乎认为我们不是，这很可惜，因为这将使他们的方法更容易使用。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句“wearen't”，
所以应使用it做形式主语，故填it。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多
有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多
者（从第11处起）不计分。Itisthecommonphenomenonnowadaystherearesomepersonsdisobeyingtrafficrulesontheroad.What’sworse,manyapersonalwa
yslitterhereandthereinthestreets,thatisofourgreatconcern.Ihavesomespecificideastosharewhenitcomestohandletheseproblems.Iwillobservetraff
icruleswheneverI’monmywaytoschool.Firstandforemost,neverwillIcrossaroaduntilthetrafficlightturnedgreen.Secondly,Iwillalwaysusethezebracrossi
ng.Thirdly,Iwillneverthrowrubbishandspitontheroad.Equallyimportant,it’snecessarytoeveryonetoincrease
awarenessofsafetravel.Asthesayinggoes,“Manyhandsmakelightwork.”Therefore,let’sjoinhandtoobeytrafficrules,whichwillmatteralot.【答案】1.the→a2.nowaday
s后加that3.litter→litters4.that→which5.handle→handling6.turned→turns7.and→or8.Important→Importantly9.to→for10.hand→han
ds【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是现如今很多人在街上扔垃圾已经成为一种普遍现象，不遵守交通规则也成为常态等问题，作者通过介绍自己保护环境，不乱扔垃圾，遵守交通规则的几种举措，来呼吁人们携手爱护环境，遵守规则。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：如今，有些人在道路上不遵守交通规则是一
种普遍现象。由句意可知此处表示泛指“一种普遍现象”，common为辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a，故将the改为a。2.考查主语从句。句意：如今，有些人在道路上不遵守交通规则是一种普遍现象。分析句子结构，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，that不可省略，故在now
adays后加that。3.考查主谓一致。句意：更糟糕的是，许多人总是在街上乱扔垃圾，这是我们非常关心的问题。manya+可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数，故将litter改为litters。4.考查定语从句。句意：更糟糕的是，许多人总是在街上乱扔垃圾，这是我们非常关
心的问题。分析句子结构可知，此处包含一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为整个主句内容，所以应用which引导该从句，that不可用于引导非限定性定语从句，故将that改为which。5.考查非谓语动词，句意：在处理这些
问题时，我有一些具体想法要分享。由固定搭配whenitcomesto”中的to为介词可知，此处应接动名词作宾语，故接handle改为handling。6.考查时态。句意：首先也是最重要的一点是，在交通灯变绿之前我绝不会过马路。由语境可知此处描述客观情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语th
etrafficlight为单数，谓语动词用单数，故将turned改为turns。7.考查连词。句意：第三，我绝不会在路上扔垃圾或吐痰。由never可知本句为否定句，在否定句中用or连接两个并列成分，故将and改为or。8.考查副词。句意：同样重要的是，每个人都有
必要提高安全出行的意识。分析句子结构结合句意可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，所以应将形容词important改为副词形式，故将Important改为Importantly。9.考查介词。句意：同样重要的是，每个人都有必要提高安全出行
的意识。此处使用的是固定句型“Itisnecessaryforsbtodosth”表示“做某事对某人来说是有必要的”，故将to改为for。10.考查名词复数。句意：因此，让我们携起手来遵守交通规则，这很重要。表示“携手”应用固定短语“joinha
nds”，不止一只手，应使用名词的复数形式，故将hand改为hands。第二节书面表达(满分25分)72.雾霾天气成为困扰很多城市的环境问题，引起了人们的广泛关注。请你就此写一篇小短文：1.分析雾霾天气形成的原因（至少两点）；2.提出解决的
办法；3.号召大家关注城市环境问题。注意：1.字数100字左右2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。提示词汇:雾霾天气hazeweather_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Inrecentyears,hazeweatherhasbecomeanenvironmentalissueworryingsom
anycities,whichtriggerswidespreadconcernaboutairquality.Therearemainlytwocontributoryfactorsbehindhaze.First,quantitiesofharmfulfumesaredis
chargedfromfactories,spreadingintheskyandblockingthesunlight.Second,sincethenumberofcarsinthecityhasenormouslyincreased,exhaustemissionisg
raduallybecominganothermainfactorcontributingtohaze.Facedwithsuchaserioussituation,wemusttakeeffectivemeasuresaccordingly
.Forinstance,newlawsandregulationsmustbepassedtoimposestrictcontrolsonindustrialpollution.Besides,tosetsomelimitsondriversgoingouttoofrequently
ortaxthemiftheytravelalongtime,say,morethanfivedaysaweek.Toimproveourlivingconditions,let’sjoinhandstoattachgreatimportancetotheenvironmental
problemsofourcity.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生写一篇小短文，介绍困扰很多城市环境问题的雾霾天气，引起了人们的广泛关注的状况，并提出解决办法。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：说明文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时,部分可用一般将
来时等。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.分析雾霾天气形成的原因（至少两点）；2.提出解决的办法；3.号召大家关注城市环境问题。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）hazeweather;anenvironmentalissue;quantities
of；thenumberof;takeeffectivemeasures;;setsomelimitson;attachgreatimportanceto;contributeto;facedwith第三步：连
词成句1.Inrecentyears,hazeweatherhasbecomeanenvironmentalissueworryingsomanycities,whichtriggerswidespreadconcernab
outairquality.2.Therearemainlytwocontributoryfactorsbehindhaze.3.First,quantitiesofharmfulfumesaredischargedfromfactories,spreadingintheskyandblo
ckingthesunlight.4.Second,sincethenumberofcarsinthecityhasenormouslyincreased,exhaustemissionisgraduallybecominganothermainfactorcontr
ibutingtohaze.5.Facedwithsuchaserioussituation,wemusttakeeffectivemeasuresaccordingly.6.Forinstance,newlawsandregulationsmustbepassedtoimposestrict
controlsonindustrialpollution.7.Toimproveourlivingconditions,let’sjoinhandstoattachgreatimportancetotheenvironmentalproblemsofourcity.根据提
示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First,Second2.表并列补充关系：Besides,Forinstance连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行
句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]1.Inrecentyears,hazeweatherhasbecomeanenvironmentalissueworryingsomanycities,whichtriggerswidespreadconcer
naboutairquality.(句中which非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Facedwithsuchaserioussituation,wemusttakeeffectivemeasuresaccor
dingly.（非谓语动词过去分词作状语）[高分句型3]Toimproveourlivingconditions,let’sjoinhandstoattachgreatimportancetotheenvironmentalproblemsofourcit
y.（非谓语动词作状语）
