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北京平谷五中2020-2021学年度第一学期高二第一次月考试题英语一、语法填空（15分,10题）A语法填空Despitethefactthatpeerpressureismostcommonlyseenasaverynegativeissue,itcan

___1___(see)positivelyinsomesituations.Thiscaninvolvepressuringyourpeerstoavoiddrugs,behonest,avoidalcohol,res

pectothers,workhard,exercise,bekind,beresponsible,andmore.Friendsandpeer___2___(actual)affectthechoicesyoumake.Choosin

gtohavegoodfriendscanhaveaverystrongeffect___3___you.【答案】1.beseen2.actually3.on/upon【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了同龄人和朋友对我们会产生积极的影响。【1题详解】考查被动语态。句意：尽管同龄人的压力通常被视为

是一个非常消极的问题，但在某些情况下，它也可以被视为积极的。主语it指代peerpressure，和see之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应该用被动语态，前面有情态动词can，后接动词原形；see是不规则变化动词，过去分词为seen。故填beseen。【2题详解】考查副

词。句意：朋友和同龄人实际上会影响你的选择。修饰动词affect，用副词形式。故填actually。【3题详解】考查固定短语。句意：选择结交好的朋友会对你产生很大的影响。短语haveaneffecton/upon对……有影响。故填on/upon。B语法填空In

2016,shewon___4___HugoAwardwithhershortnovel,FoldingBeijing,whichmadeherthefirstfemalewriterinChinatobringhomethis

prize.Lateron,theauthor___5___(turn)toeducation.ShesetupTongxingAcademyforpublicwelfareeducationandWePlanets___6__

_(develop)children’screativityafterschool.【答案】4.the5.turned6.todevelop【解析】本篇短文是记叙文，讲述了清华大学毕业生郝景芳获得雨果奖后，转向教育，

创办公益性的“童行学院”和“童行星球”。【4题详解】考查冠词。句意：2016年，她凭借短篇小说《北京折叠》获得雨果奖，成为中国首个获此殊荣的女作家。“雨果奖”是专有名词，前面需要加定冠词the，表特指。故填the。【5题详解】考查动词时

态。句意：后来，这位作家转向了教育。短文叙述的是过去的事情，时间状语lateron表示过去的时间，因此用一般过去时。故填turned。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她创办了教育公益性的“童行学院”和“童行星球”，以培养孩子们在课余的创造力。根据句意，此处用不定式作目的状

语，意思为“为了……”。故填todevelop。C语法填空IntheUSA,whenyoupassbysomeoneyouknow,anodisacceptable,andyouusuallyshakehandswithsomeoneyoufirst

meet.ButinLatincountries,afirmhandshake___7___(consider)rude.Inmyhomecountry,Mauritius,whenpeoplemeet,theyusua

llykisseachother___8___thecheeks.ThisisalsocommoninFrance,___9___theactiscalledfairelabise.However,thisisnot___10

___universalrule.【答案】7.isconsidered8.on9.where10.a【解析】本文是说明文。短文介绍了在不同的国家第一次见面时不同的风俗习惯。【7题详解】考查语态。句意：但在拉丁国家，有力的握手被

认为是粗鲁无礼的。短文叙述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时；主语afirmhandshake和consider之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该用被动语态；此处用一般现在时的被动语态；afirmhandshake是单数形式，be动词应该用单数。故填

isconsidered。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：在我的国家毛里求斯，人们见面时通常会亲吻对方的脸颊。根据句意，此处应是介词on；短语kisssbonthecheeks“在脸颊上亲吻”。故填on。【9题详解】考查定语从句关系

词。句意：这在法国也很常见，在那里这种行为被称为fairelabise。分析句子结构，“____theactiscalledfairelabise”是定语从句，先行词France在从句中做地点状语，因此用where引导定

语从句。故填where。【10题详解】考查冠词。句意：然而，这并不是一个普遍的规则。此处用不定冠词a表示数量，意思为“一个普遍的规则”；universal的发音是以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。二、完形填空（30分，20题）Aparent’shopesfor2030Wh

en2010arrived,mysonwasonlyayearold—tiny.___11___，themasterofafewbasicwords,butstillmostlythebabywe'd___12

___intotheworld.Nowmybabyhasgrownintoan___13___—tall,strong,stout,andsmart,a(n)___14___ofAkiraKurosawasam

uraimovies.A___15___fromnow,in2030,hewillbeanadult.Iexpectthenext10yearstoflyby,andbefilledwith___16___.As2020begins.Iamthinkingaboutthekindofw

orldmysonwill___17___andexperience.I___18___forhim,andforalltheyoungpeopleofhisage.SoIhaveseveral___19___fortheworldmysonandhisgenerationwilllivein：

Ihopewefinallyget_____20_____aboutclimatechange.Polariceismelting.Theoceansare_____21_____.Thequestionis_____22_

____whetherwecanstopclimatechange，butwhetherwe‘rewillingandabletodoanythingto_____23_____it.I’mnotsurewhatawarmingplane

twill_____24_____formyson'slife.Isuspectitmeanshewillliveinaworldwherenationsandgroups_____25_____limitedresour

ceslikecleanwaterandfood,whichmeansthatthedangerofclimatechangewon'tcomejustfromrisingoceans,butfromotherhumanscompetingforcontrol

overwhat’s_____26_____Theworldisalwaysgoingtobefullof_____27_____abouthowtosolvethechallengesweface.Ihope，too，thatmyson’sgenerationlearnst

o_____28_____justice—buttodosowithbigheartandhumility，recognizingourcommonhumanity(人性）evenwithpeoplewho_____29_____us.Theworldof2030w

on’t_____30_____itself.Wearecreatingitnow,somyfinalwishisthatwebuildthekindofworldweactuallywantourchildrentolivein.11.A.specialB.g

enerousC.intelligentD.dependent12.A.welcomedB.raisedC.grownD.congratulated13.A.athleteB.adolescentC.artis

tD.engineer14.A.directorB.authorC.loverD.reader15.A.monthB.centuryC.yearD.decade16.A.questionsB.expe

rienceC.dangerD.change17.A.createB.noticeC.faceD.shake18A.worryB.sacrificeC.provideD.arrange19.A.plansB.methodsC.hopesD.choices20.A

.particularB.seriousC.optimisticD.enthusiastic21.A.dryingB.risingC.growingD.cooling22.A.forsureB.asusualC.nolongerD.tillnow23.A.slowB.recordC.co

mpleteD.oppose24.A.meanB.obtainC.shareD.seek25.A.pickupB.fightoverC.turndownD.takepart26A.finishedB.continuedC.startedD.left27.A.ai

msB.examplesC.disagreementsD.results28.A.escapeB.expressC.seekD.affect29.A.differfromB.agreewithC.refertoD.callfo

r30.A.blameB.admireC.proveD.build【答案】11.D12.A13.B14.C15.D16.D17.C18.A19.C20.B21.B22.C23.A24.A25.B26.D27.C28.C29.A30.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。

讲述了作者对10年后儿子和儿子将来所处的世界的担忧和愿望。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当2010年到来的时候，我的儿子只有一岁，小小的，需要依靠，他掌握了一些基本的词，但仍是我们欢迎来到这个世界的婴儿。A.special特殊的；B.generous慷慨的

；C.intelligent聪明的；D.dependent依靠的。由上文可知，儿子仅仅一岁，还很小，小孩子是需要依靠的。故选D。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当2010年到来的时候，我的儿子只有一岁，小小的，需要依靠的，

他掌握了一些基本的词，但仍是我们欢迎来到这个世界的婴儿。A.welcomed欢迎；B.raised提升，养育；C.grown成长；D.congratulated祝贺。根据常识可知，面对自己的孩子降临到这个世界，当然是欢迎的

了。短语welcomeinto意为“欢迎进入”；B选项raise意为“抚养”，是及物动词，后边直接接宾语；C选项不符合语境；D选项固定搭配为congratulateon，意为“对某事表示祝贺”。故选A。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在

，我的孩子已经长成一个青少年—高高的，强壮的，勇敢的；聪明的，一个黑泽明武士电影的爱好者。A.athlete运动员；B.adolescent青少年；C.artist艺术家；D.engineer工程师。根据下文“A___5___fromnow,in2030,he

willbeanadult.”，可知在2030年，他会成为一个成年人，联系上文2010年他刚刚一岁，可知他现在是青少年。故选B。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我的孩子已经长成一个青少年—高高的，强壮的，勇敢的；聪明的，一个黑泽明武士电影的爱好者。A.direc

tor导演；主任；B.author作家；C.lover爱好者；D.reader读者。根据下文“AkiraKurosawasamuraimovies.（黑泽明武士电影）”，作者的儿子此时是个青少年，应该是武士电影的爱好者。故选C。【15题详解】考查名词词

义辨析。句意：从现在开始十年后，在2030年，他将会成为一个成年人。A.month月；B.century一世纪；百年；C.year年；D.decade十年。根据下文“Iexpectthenext10yearstoflyby,”，可知作者期待着下一个十年过去，因此此处是10年。故选D。【16题详解

】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我期待着下一个十年飞逝，这期间是充满着变化的。A.questions问题；B.experience经验；C.danger危险；D.change变化。10年后儿子会长大成人，10年将会飞逝而过，而这其中是充满变化的。故选D。

【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着2020年的开始，我开始想我的儿子将会面对和经历的那种世界。A.create创造；B.notice注意；C.face面对；D.shake动摇。根据空格后的并列动词experience“经历”可知此处应为它的近义词，联系本句可知，作者在

思考自己的儿子即将面对和经历的这个世界。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我为他和所有和他同龄的年轻人担心。A.worry担忧；B.sacrifice牺牲；C.provide提供；D.arrange安排。根据下文作者对这个世界现存的问题提出的希望可知，在这里作者担心自己的

儿子及所有他这个年龄的年轻人。故选A。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于我儿子和他这一代人生活的世界，我有几个愿望。A.plans计划；B.methods方法；C.hopes愿望；D.choices选择。根据下一段提示“Iho

pewefinallyget...”可知作者有一些愿望。故选C。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我们最终能认真对待气候变化的问题。A.particular特别的；B.serious严肃的；C.optimis

tic乐观的；D.enthusiastic热情的。下文提到气候变化是一个严重的问题，此处表示作者希望能够认真对待。固定搭配beseriousabout意为“认真对待”，故选B。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海平面在上升。A.dryin

g变干；B.rising上升；C.growing成长；D.cooling变凉。由前文中“Polariceismelting.”可知海平面应该是在上升，下文第五段中也提到了“risingoceans”，故选B。【22题详解】考

查介词短语辨析。句意：这个问题不再是我们是否能阻止气候变化，而是我们是否愿意、是否能够去做任何使它变慢的事。A.forsure无疑；B.asusual像往常一样；C.nolonger不再；D.tillnow到现在为止。but连

接前后为转折关系，后一句是肯定语气，那么前一句应该是否定语气。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个问题不再是我们是否能阻止气候变化，而是我们是否愿意、是否能够去任何使它变慢的事。A.slow变慢；B.record记录；C.complete完成；D.oppose反对。联

系上文可知，it指代climatechange，结合段意可知，我们不能阻止，但能减缓气候变化。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不确定一个温暖的星球将会对我儿子的一生意味着什么。A.mean表

示···的意思；B.obtain获得；C.share分享；D.seek寻找。根据后句提示“Isuspectitmeanshe’llliveinaworld...”可知作者不确定全球变暖对于儿子的生活意味着什么。mean属词汇复现。故选A。【25题详解

】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我怀疑它意味着，他生活在一个国家和团体争夺有限资源比如干净的水和食物的世界。A.pickup捡起；B.fightover争夺；C.turndown关小；D.takepart参与。根据下文“butfromotherhumanscompetingforco

ntrolover”可知，作者在猜想这意味着他将活在一个国家和团体争夺有限资源比如干净的水和食物的世界，应选fightover“为……争斗”。其他选项均不符合句意。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着气候变化的危险将不仅仅来自海平面上升，更来自人类为了控制所剩下的资源的

竞争。A.finished完成；B.continued继续；C.started开始；D.left留下。结合文章，根据上文中提到的“limitedresources”可知，气候变化的危害不仅仅来自海平面上升，更有人类为了掌控剩下的资源的竞争。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关

于如何解决我们面临的挑战，这个世界总是充满争论。A.aims目标；B.examples例子；C.disagreements分歧；D.results结果。根据“howtosolvethechallengesweface”可知此处应该是人类关于应对挑战的争论。故选C。【28题详解】考查动

词词义辨析。句意：我也希望我儿子这一代人学会寻找正义—但要怀着博大的心和谦卑去这样做，意识到我们共同的人性，即使是那些和我们不一样的人。A.escape逃脱；B.express表达；C.seek寻找；D.affect影响。根据buttodosowithbighe

artandhumility，recognizingourcommonhumanity(人性），可知此处应为寻求公正。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我也希望我儿子这一代人学会寻找正义—但要怀着博大的心和谦卑去这样做，意识到我们共同的人性，即使与那些和

我们不一样的人。A.differfrom与···不同；B.agreewith同意；C.referto提及；D.callfor需要。本句中的even意为“即使”，表前后转折，结合句意“要意识到共同的人性，即使是与我们不

同的人。”可知，前为“common”，则后应该为“differfrom”。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2030年的世界不会自我建设。A.blame责备；B.admire赞赏；C.prove证明；D.build建造。根据下一句“We

arecreatingitnow”可知此处应为“create”的近义词。表示2030年的世界不会自己建造。故选D。【点睛】完型填空试题中，有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯。因此，在阅读文章的过程中，会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或近义词，要学会

充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测和判断。如本文第14小题根据后句提示“Isuspectitmeanshe’llliveinaworld...”可知作者不确定全球变暖对于儿子的生活意味着什么。mean属词汇复现。三、阅读理解第一节

45分，15题ATheMysteryoftheFamousWordCollectorOneofthegreatestcontributorstothefirstOxfordEnglishDictionarywasalsooneofitsm

ostunusual.In1879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinth

ehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.ItwouldincludeeveryEnglishwordpossibleandwouldgivenotonlythedefinitionbutalsothehistoryofthewordand

quotations（引文）showinghowitwasused.Thiswasahugetask,soMurrayhadtofindvolunteersfromBritain,theUnitedStates,and

theBritishcoloniestosearcheverynewspaper,magazine,andbookeverwritteninEnglish.Hundredsofvolunteersresponded,includingWilliamC

hesterMinor.Dr.MinorwasanAmericansurgeonwhohadservedintheCivilWarandwasnowlivinginEngland.Hegavehisaddressas“Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire,”50m

ilesfromOxford.MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.Overthenext17years,hebecameoneofthestaff’smo

stvaluedcontributors.Buthewasalsoamystery.Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.Soin1897,Murrayfina

llydecidedtotraveltoCrowthornehimself.Whenhearrived,hefoundMinorlockedinabook-linedroomattheBroadmoorAsylum（精神病院）fortheCriminallyInsane.Murraya

ndMinorbecamefriends,sharingtheirloveofwords.Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.Murraycontin

uedtovisitMinorregularly,sometimestakingwalkswithhimaroundtheasylumgrounds.In1910,MinorleftBroadmoorforana

syluminhisnativeAmerica.Murraywasattheporttowavegoodbyetohisremarkablefriend.Minordiedin1920,sevenyears

beforethefirsteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionarywascompleted.The12volumesdefined414,825words,andthousandsofthemwerecontributi

onsfromaveryscholarlyanddevotedasylumpatient.31.Accordingtothetext,thefirstOxfordEnglishDictionary________.A.cameoutbeforeMinordiedB.w

aseditedbyanAmericanvolunteerC.includedtheEnglishwordsinventedbyMurrayD.wasintendedtobethemostambitiousEn

glishdictionary32.HowdidDr.Minorcontributetothedictionary?A.HewenttoEnglandtoworkwithMurray.B.HehelpedMurraytofindhundredsofvolunteers.C.Hesen

tnewspapers,magazinesandbookstoMurray.D.Heprovidedagreatnumberofwordsandquotations.33.Prof.MurrayandDr.Minorbecamefriendsm

ainlybecause________.A.theybothservedintheCivilWarB.theyhadacommoninterestinwordsC.MinorrecoveredwiththehelpofMurrayD.Mur

raywenttoAmericaregularlytovisitMinor【答案】31.D32.D33.B【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Minor博士对第一部《牛津英语词典》的编撰所作出的巨大贡献。【31题详解】细节理解题。文章第一段中提到“In1

879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinthehistoryoftheEngli

shlanguage.（1879年，英国牛津大学请JamesMurray教授担任将会成为英语语言史上最宏大的词典的编辑）可知，第一部《牛津英语字典》当时旨在成为英国语言史上最宏大的英语词典。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。文章第三

段中提到“MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.（Minor加入了给Murray发送词语和引文的志愿者队伍）”；第五段中

提到“Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.（Minor继续为该词典撰稿，在20年的时间里发送了1万多份稿件）”，由此可知，Minor给词典

提供了大量的词语和引文。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“MurrayandMinorbecamefriends,sharingtheirloveofwords.”可知，Murray和Minor成为了朋友是因为他们都热爱文字。故选B。BTheWake-upCall

“What’sthat?”myten-year-olddaughter,Genie,asked.She’dcaughtmelaughingatapieceofmailI’djustopened.“Wake-u

pservice;$2.50percall.”Atthebottomwasaphonenumberandadrawingofarotaryphone,liketheonemygreat-auntSarahadowned40yearsago.“Isthatmailfunny?”Gen

ieasked.“Notreally,”Iadmitted.“It’sjustoutdated.”“What’sawake-upcall？”Shefrowned(皱眉).Iexplainedhow,beforesmart-phone

s,peoplesometimespaidsomeonetowakethemwithacall.“Whosentthisflyer?”shepressed.“Probablysomeoneolder,”Isaid,“andcouldusesomemoney.”Herey

eslitup.“Canweorderawake-up?”sheasked.“Wedon’tneedit.”Ipickeditupandheadedfortherecyclingbin.“Wait!”sheshrieked.“Ifeelsorryforthewake-upman,

ifheneedssomemoney,”shesaid,tearingup.“Can’tweorder?”Ilookedattheflyerwithitsdrawingofarotaryphone.Ireme

mbered,again,mygreat-auntSaraandherrotaryphone.Asakid,I’dvisitedheroverLaborDay,whenJerryLewiswouldhosthischarityeventforthedisa

bledkids.AuntSarawouldsqueezemyhand,thenreachfortherotaryphone,dialingthenumberonthescreen.Holdingthereceiverbetweenus,we’dannouncetotheoper

ator,“We’dliketohelpthosekids.”Nowherewasmyownchild,showingthesamebigheartI’doncebeenencouragedtohave,andhowcouldIignoreher?IGoogledtheflyer

’sreturnaddress.TheaddressbelongedtoamancalledRaymond.Hewasinhismid-60s.Wecalledhimand,holdingtherecei

verbetweenus,thewayAuntSaraandIusedto,toldhimweneededhisservices.“Great!”Raymondsaidinashakybutfriendlyvoice,clearlyamaz

edatreceivinganorderfromachild.WhenIaskedhowtopaythe$2.50,heanswered,“Mailacheck.”Geniewashappyallweek.Fridaynight,Iputthepho

nebyherpillowsoshecouldanswerRaymond’scall.Sheboundedtomybedroomtotellmeallabouthowhe’dwishedheragoodmorningand

toldhertohaveagreatday,whichshedid.Technologyhasmadesomethingsoutdated.Buttherearestillotherthingstheworldwillalwaysrequire.Intherushandhustleo

fmydailylife,I’dtemporarilyforgottenthat.IguessIjustneededawake-upcall.34.Theauthorlaughedatthemailbecause________.A.it

wasprintedroughlyB.thedrawinginitwaspoorC.thewake-upcallcosttoomuchD.theserviceitofferedwasoutdated35.Whatdidtheauth

orwanttodowiththeflyeratfirst?A.Throwitaway.B.LetGeniereadit.C.Findoutwhosentit.D.KeepitawayfromGenie.36

.Whatmadetheauthorfinallydecidetoorderawake-upcall?A.Herownchildhoodexperience.B.Thelessfortunatewake-upman.C.Genie’scuriosity

abouttheservice.D.TheinformationshefoundonGoogle.37.Whatmight“otherthings”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Braveryandcuriosity.B.C

onfidenceandpatience.C.Honestyandhumor.D.Generosityandkindness.【答案】34.D35.A36.A37.D【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述女

儿想订购电话叫醒服务，作者认为没有必要。但当作者回忆起自己小时的经历，她同意的女儿的要求，这个故事告诉我们在科学技术进步的今天，善良的心仍然是我们所需要的。【34题详解】D细节理解题。根据文中第二、三段Isthatmailfunny?”Genieasked.及

“Notreally,”Iadmitted.“It’sjustoutdated.”可知，女儿问那封信很有趣吗？作者回答不有趣，它过时了，故选D项。【35题详解】A细节理解题。根据第八段““Wedon’tneedit.”Ipickeditupandheadedfortherecyclingbi

n.”可知，作者准备把它扔到垃圾箱，故选A项。【36题详解】A推理判断题。倒数第四段提到作者想到自己童年的经历（姑姑萨拉带她拨旋转电话），所以决定预定这项服务，故选A项。【37题详解】D词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Iexplainedhow,befor

esmart-phones,peoplesometimespaidsomeonetowakethemwithacall.”（我解释了，在智能手机出现之前，人们是如何付钱让别人用电话叫醒他们的）以及最后一段提到“Tech

nologyhasmadesomethingsoutdated.”（科技让一些东西过时）可知，此处是说虽然科技的发展让人们不再需要叫醒服务，但有时我们还是需要别人善意的提醒，由此可知，其他的东西指的就是“慷慨和仁慈”，故选D项。考点：考查日常生活类阅读CAGoodNig

ht’sSleepSleepplaysavitalroleingoodhealthandwell-beingthroughoutyourlife．Whileyou’resleeping,yourbrainisformingnewpathwaystohelpyo

ulearnandrememberinformation.Althoughweallknowtheimportanceofgettingagoodnight'ssleep,notallofusknowthebestwayofget

tingit.Asleepexpert,PhilAtherton,gavesometoptipsforgettingthemostoutofthenight,whichwillleaveyoureadyforactioninthemorning.Accordin

gtoPhilAtherton,noteatingalargemealbeforebedtimeisimportantforgettingagoodnight’ssleep.Thetimedifferencebetweeneatingandsleepingshouldbea

tleastthreehours.Soyou'dbetteravoideatinganyfoodthreehoursbeforebed,asitwillloweryourbloodsugarduringsleepand

helpminimizedamagefromtoomuchsugarfloatingaround.It’salsoimportanttofindwaystoprepareyourbodyforsleep.Youcanfollowaroutineli

ketryingnottoexposeyourselftotoomuchartificiallightwithin1hourbeforebed,asyourbrainuseslighttohelpsetinternal“bodyclock”.Althoughitmightseem

unnaturaltoscheduleyoursleep,thepurposeistosendasignaltoyourbodyandmindthatit'stimetosleep.Anotherwa

ytoprepareyourbodyforsleepistogetintoarelaxedstatebytakingabathorlisteningtosoftmusic.Bothofthemwillhelptotakethemindoffthedayt

imepressures.Havingasuitablebed,especiallyasuitablemattress(床垫),isnecessaryforagoodnight'ssleep.Sleepisapersonalizedactivity,

andwealladoptdifferentsleepingpositions.Findingthemattressthatsuitsyouwillreducebackpainsthatcanresultfromapoorsleepingposit

ion.Thebedshouldbefourtosixincheslongerthanitstallestuser,allowingforspacetomovearound.Therecentresearchisprettyclea

rthatagoodnight’ssleepinamajorcomponentofgoodhealth.Sincethestartofthe21stcentury,studieshavelinkeda

lackofsleeptomanydiseases,suchasdiabetesandobesity.Takingactionnowwillleadtolong-termbenefitsforyouandthosear

oundyou.38.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthepassage?A.WhentostartasoundsleepB.Howtogetagoodnight'ssleep.C.Whattodowithsleepproblem

s.D.Whytoformagoodhabitofsleeping.39.Accordingtotheauthor,beforegoingtosleep,you’dbetter________.A.freeyourselffromtensionB.che

ckyourbloodsugarC.relieveyourpaininthebackD.recordyourbiologicalclock40.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Noteatingfood.B.

Takingameal.C.Notsleepingwell.D.Havingagoodsleep.41.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C

:ConclusionA.B.C.D.【答案】38.B39.A40.A41.C【解析】本文是说明文，文章强调了睡眠跟健康生活的密切关系，以及如何提高睡眠质量提出了几点建议。【38题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章可知，第一段引出如何获得更好的睡眠？接下来举出了几个提高睡眠质量的例子，故选B

。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Anotherwaytoprepareyourbodyforsleepistogetintoarelaxedstate.”可知，睡前要放松，不要紧张。故选A。【40题

详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“you’dbetteravoideatinganyfoodthreehoursbeforebed.”可知，it指代的是不要吃东西，故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，首段提出论题：如何提高睡眠质量？之后列举

分论点。第二段讲述饮食方面：睡前3小时别吃东西；第三段和第四段都是阐述如何去prepareyourbodyforsleep：可以减少接触光源，也可以听歌，洗澡放松你的状态；第五段阐述与睡觉相关的信息：如准备好宽敞的床，舒适的床垫以及注意睡姿。尾段

总结升华：进一步强调睡眠质量与健康的关系。故C正确。DTherearetwomaintypesofofficelayoutsusedbymostcompaniesaroundtheworld:LandscapeOfficeandEnclosedO

ffice.Alandscapeofficelacksprivacy,however,thisofficelayoutismorebeneficialthananenclosedofficeforemployeestoimproveworkefficiencyand

productivity.Somepeoplemightdesireanundisturbedworkplace.Accordingtothesurveycollectedfromacompanywiththetwokindsofofficelayouts,most

ofmanagerspreferaworkplacewheretheycanconcentrateontheirworkandmakeaclearthinking.However,managersthatpossesstheirownenclosedofficesmighthaveth

efeelingofbeingdistantfromtheirclerks,whichleadstohighpressure.Meanwhile,employeestendtobenervouswhentheyhaveconversationswiththeirmanagersinano

bviouslyhierarchical(等级制的)environment.Incontrast,alandscapeofficemakesiteasierandmorepleasantforemployeestocommunicatewiththeirman

agersortheircolleagues;thiswouldresultinspeedingupworkefficiencyandproductivity.Besides,greaterinteractionisben

eficialforemployeestobuildupfriendshipinalandscapeoffice.ThiscanbeprovedbytheexperimentofBrookesandKaplan.Theyrecordedtheattitudesand

opinionsof120employeestowardtheirenclosedofficebeforetheymovedtothelandscapeoffice,andthenafterninemonthstheyweretes

tedagain.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthoseemployeesperformedpositivechangesingroupsociability.Whenpeoplehavebettergroupsociability,theyexpe

rienceabetterteamworkandefficientcooperation,whichsurelypromotesworkproductivity.Someopponentsclaimthatalandscapeofficewouldleadtothedeclineof

thevalueofworksatisfactionandmotivationfromemployees.However,theresultfromotherresearchersremainedcon

troversial;intheiropinionthereareseveralfactorswhichaffectjobsatisfactionandmotivation.600Canadianfederalgovern

mentdepartmentworkerswhowerehousedatamodernlandscapeofficeandweresurveyedgavebothnegativeandpositivefeedback.Theyadmittedthattheyfeltth

esenseofbelongingtoateamoraworkingcommunity,whichmainlycontributestojobsatisfaction.Motivationisalsoincre

asedbyasenseofresponsibilityforandloyaltytoateam.Admittedly,therearesomeadvantagesthatonlyenclosedofficespossess.However,alandscapeo

fficecancombinethefeaturesofthetraditionalenclosedoffice,forexample,designingtheindependentmeetingroomtodecreasenoisefromdiscussion.Although

thebenefitsofalandscapeofficeoutweighthoseofanenclosedoffice,whichlayoutisbettershouldbedecidedbythecharacteristicsofthepeopleandthetyp

eofworktheydo.42.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A.Colleaguecooperationanditsmotivation.B.Groupsociabilityanditsproductivity.C.Work

ingenvironmentanditseffect.D.Officeprivacyanditsatmosphere.43.WhathasthesignificanteffectonproductivityaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Jo

bsatisfaction.B.Relaxedatmosphere.C.Groupsociability.D.Undisturbedworkplace.44.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Enclosedofficeleadstoi

ndividualcreativity.B.Differentworkingstylesinenclosedofficeisencouraged.C.Landscapeofficecontributestoeffectiveconversations.D.Frequentcommunicati

oninlandscapeofficeresultsinhighpressure.45.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsofficelayouts?A.Objective.B.

Casual.C.Optimistic.D.Sceptical.【答案】42.C43.B44.C45.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了景观办公室和封闭式办公室这两种不同类型的办公室布局，他们的不同布局特点以及

不同的布局对工作效率的影响等。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Therearetwomaintypesofofficelayoutsusedbymostcompaniesaroundtheworld:La

ndscapeOfficeandEnclosedOffice.可知，世界上大多数公司使用的办公室布局主要有两种：景观办公室和封闭式办公室。结合本文章主要讲述了两种不同类型的办公室布局、不同的布局的特点以及不同的布局对工作效率的影响等。故C选项“工作环境及其影响”符合文章主旨

大意。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Meanwhile,employeestendtobenervouswhentheyhaveconversationswiththeirmanagersinanobviouslyhierarchicalenvironment.I

ncontrast,alandscapeofficemakesiteasierandmorepleasantforemployeestocommunicatewiththeirmanagersortheircolleagues;thiswouldresultinspeedingu

pworkefficiencyandproductivity.可知，与此同时，员工在一个明显的等级环境中与经理交谈时，往往会感到紧张。相比之下，景观办公室让员工更容易、更愉快地与经理或同事交流；这将提高工作效率和生产率。由此可知，轻松的氛围对生产力有显著的影响。故选B。【44题详解

】推理判断题。根据第三段中Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthoseemployeesperformedpositivechangesingroupsociability.Whenpeoplehavebettergroupsociability,theyexpe

rienceabetterteamworkandefficientcooperation,whichsurelypromotesworkproductivity.可知，研究人员发现，这些员工在群体社交方面表现出积极的变化。当人们有更好的群体社交能力时，他们会体验到更好的团队合作和高效的合作，这

肯定会提高工作效率。由此可推知，景观办公室有助于有效对话沟通。故选C。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Althoughthebenefitsofalandscapeofficeoutweighthoseofanenclose

doffice,whichlayoutisbettershouldbedecidedbythecharacteristicsofthepeopleandthetypeofworktheydo.以及文章主要说明了景观办公室和封闭式办公室这两种不同类型的办公室布局，他们的

不同布局特点以及不同的布局对工作效率的影响等。作者都是客观公正的进行了描述，不同的类型都有各自的优点与缺点，但哪种布局更好应该由员工的特点和工作类型来决定。故作者的观点是客观的。故选A。第二节共25分，5题D

oActionsSpeakLouderthanWords?Oursocietyisfastpaced.Weareallrushingfromoneplacetothenext,blowingourhornatslowdriverswhomaybesingingsongsinthecarw

iththeirchildrenorpointingoutsomeinterestingsights.Wedon'thavetimeforthatsillinesstoday.Butwetrytosaytoourselvesthatwewillmaketimefor

funtomorrow.Itistimetotakeafewdeepbreathsandthinkaboutouractionsandourwords.___46___Haveyoueverreallythoughtaboutthesaying“Actionsspeaklouderthanwor

ds”?Thinkaboutitnow.Ifyousayonethingandactinanoppositeway,willthewordsbeignoredandjusttheactionsremembered?Idon’tthinkso.

___47___Itisalsoequallyimportanttousewordstoshowappreciation,love,approvalandhappinessandthenfollowthosewordswithahug,patonthebackorsmile.___48___

Whataboutthatsaying?True?Yes!Wordscarryalotofweightandwillberememberedforyearsespeciallywhentheyarewrittendown

.Meanwordscanhurtforthatmomentandforalifetime.Iamsurethateachofusremembersatimewhenafriendmadeanunkindcomment.___49___Let’snotbeamemberofthat“

club”.Whenwasthelasttimethatyouhidalovenoteinalunchboxorinyourmate’scoatpocket?Ifyouwanttoseeabrightsmile,thatwilldoit!Thepowerofthiswritt

ennotewillberememberedformanydays,evenyears.“Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment(夸奖)”,saidMarkTwain.Childr

engrowstrongerwhentheyfeelappreciatedandunderstood.___50___Aperfectwaytoturnabaddayaroundistopraiseyourchild.“

Inoticedthatyourhairlookedverynicetoday.”“Didyouhangyourcoatupallbyyourself?”Itisamazinghowthosefewwordscanchangea

child'soutlook...almostimmediately.Don’tstopthere...Oneofmysistersendedaphoneconversationwiththreewords－“Ilovey

ou”!Boy,thatputaspringinmystep!MarkTwainisright.Istillfeelthepositiveeffectofthosethreelittlebutverypowerfulwords.A.Thepenismorepo

werfulthanthesword.B.Isitreallyreasonabletodosomethinglikethat?C.Dotheydisplaytheattitudethatwewanttoc

onvey?D.Itisimportanttohaveyourwordsmatchyouractions.E.Behaviorisamirrorinwhicheveryoneshowshisimage.F

.Thosewordsdidlastingdamagetoyou,therelationshiporboth.G.Don’tbeafraidtoshoweryourchildwithencouragingwordsalldaylong.

【答案】46.C47.D48.A49.F50.G【解析】本文是一篇议论文。通过一系列的说明，解释了文字，语言的重要性以及对人的影响。作者告诉我们语言对人们有终生的影响，因此我们要鼓励赞美孩子，不要使用刻薄的话讽刺挖苦孩子。【46题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据第一段最后一句

中"Itistimetotakeafewdeepbreathsandthinkaboutouractionsandourwords．"（到了该好好考虑我们的行为和言语的时候了。）与选项C中的"they"对应可知。因此C选项切题。Dotheydi

splaytheattitudethatwewanttoconvey?“它们（我们的行为和言语）传达了我们想要表达的态度了吗？”。故选C。【47题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据此空后"Itisalso

equallyimportanttousewordstoshowappreciation"和选项D中"Itisimportant"对应可知D项切题。Itisimportanttohaveyourword

smatchyouractions.“使你的言行与行为相符这很重要”。故选D。【48题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。后句Whataboutthatsaying?（这一谚语怎么样？）提到的saying既是指

Thepenismorepowerfulthanthesword.（笔杆子比宝剑还要锋利），文章中的"Wordscarryalotofweight"也解释了这一谚语的含义。故选A。【49题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。上

句Iamsurethateachofusremembersatimewhenafriendmadeanunkindcomment.（我确信每个人都记得有时候，某个朋友会做出不友善的评论。）提到的madeanunki

ndcomment"与选项F中的"Thosewords"对应。因此F选项切题。Thosewordsdidlastingdamagetoyou,therelationshiporboth.这些话语会对你和你们之间的关系造成持久的伤害

。故选F。【50题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。由最后一段讲述了赞美的重要性可知空格处应该与鼓励赞美相关，从段落中"Istillfeelthepositiveeffectofthosethreelittlebutverypowerfulwords．"和"Icanlive

fortwomonthsonagoodcompliment（夸奖）"也能看出G选项切题。Don’tbeafraidtoshoweryourchildwithencouragingwordsalldaylong.

“不要害怕把鼓励的语言如雨般倾注在孩子身上”。故选G。四、选词填空（20分，10题）从下面的词汇中，选择合适的词汇，填写在短文的空中。practicalexperimenthandledonbehalfofextr

emelyacidconstantlyengagingworthwhilecalmTodayIwouldliketospeakaboutmyscienceteacherMsZhang.Ihavebeenherstudentfortwoyears.MsZhang’s

lessonsarealwaysso______51______.Sheuseslotsof______52______examplestoshowushowthingshappen,whichmakesthelessons______53

______interesting.Sheisalsoverypatient.Irememberoncewewereconductinga(n)______54______andIaccidental

lydroppedsome____55____onthefloor.Insteadofbeingangry,MsZhang______56______itsowellbystaying____57____andhelpi

ngmecleanitup.Sheis____58____workinghardtoshareherloveofsciencewithusandIhopesheknowsthatallofhereffortsare___59___.Here,___

____60_______myclassmatesandmyself,IwouldliketosaytoMsZhang,“HappyTeacher’sDay!”【答案】51.engaging52.pract

ical53.extremely54.experiment55.acid56.handled57.calm58.constantly59.worthwhile60.onbehalfof【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了张老师的课堂生动有趣以及老师对作

者的帮助。作者代表全班同学祝张老师教师节快乐。【51题详解】考查形容词。句意：张老师的课总是那么引人入胜。在be动词后应该是形容词作表语；根据句意，此处应是形容词engaging，意思为“迷人的”。故填engaging。【52题详解】考查形容词。句意：她用许多实例向我们展示事情是如何发生的

，这使得课程非常有趣。修饰名词examples，应该用形容词；根据句意，此处应是形容词practical，意思为“实践的，实用的”。故填practical。【53题详解】考查副词。句意：她用许多实例向我们展示事情是如何发生的，这使得课程非常有趣。修饰形容词in

teresting，应该用副词形式；根据句意，此处应是副词extremely，意思为“极其，非常”。故填extremely。【54题详解】考查名词。句意：我记得有一次我们在做一个实验。不定冠词a(n)后面应该是单数名词；根据句意，此处应是名词experiment

，意思为“实验”。故填experiment。【55题详解】考查名词。句意：我不小心把一些酸掉在地上了。在some后面应该是名词，在句中作宾语；根据句意，此处应是名词acid，意思为“酸”。故填acid。【56题详解】考查动

词。句意：张老师没有生气，而是冷静下来，帮我清理干净，将事情妥善处理。所填词在句中作谓语，应该是动词；根据句意，此处应是动词handle，意思为“应对，处理”；句子叙述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时。故填handled。【57题详解】考查形容词。句意：张老师没有生气，而是冷静下来，帮我清

理干净，将事情妥善处理。在系动词stay后应该是形容词作表语；根据句意，此处应是形容词calm；短语staycalm意思为“保持冷静，保持平静”。故填calm。【58题详解】考查副词。句意：她不断在努力地与我们分享她对科学的热爱。修饰动词短语workhard，应

该用副词形式；根据句意，此处应是副词constantly，意思为“不断地，经常地。”故填constantly。【59题详解】考查形容词。句意：我希望她知道她所有的努力都是值得的。在be动词后应该是形容词作表语；根据句意，此处应是形容词worthwhile，意思为“值得的

”。故填worthwhile。【60题详解】考查介词短语。句意：在此，我代表我的同学和我自己，想对张老师说：“教师节快乐!”。根据句意，此处应是短语onbehalfof，意思为“代表”。故填onbehalfof。五、书面表达（15分）61.假定你是李华，想邀请你的新西兰朋友Kevin参加你校将要举

行的“劳动周”相关活动。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.活动时间；2.活动内容（如：校园环境美化、校内垃圾分类等）；3活动意义.参考词汇：LabourWeek劳动周注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_________________________________

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_____________________________【答案】DearKevin,Ifeelextremelydelightedtoinformyouthatourschoolwillholdsom

erelevantactivitiesduringtheupcomingLabourWeek.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutoexperiencethegreatactivities.TheLabourWeekwillstartonJ

une10thandlastforfivedays,whenwewillholdvariousactivities.Tobeautifyourschool,wewillplanttreesthataredefinitelygoodforourphysica

landmentalwell-being.Moreover,it’sawonderfulideatosortgarbageinaneco-friendlyway,makingourcampuscleanerandmorefascinating.Thereisalsoalaborkno

wledgecompetitionwhichissorewardingthatwecan’taffordtomissit.Asforthesignificance,wecanbenefitalotundoubtedly.Ourawaren

essoflabourcanbedeveloped.Besides,wewilllearntocherishandrespectthefruitsofpeople’swork.Lookingforwardtoyourfavorablereply.Yourssincerel

y,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇写作属于应用文，主要是邀请新西兰的朋友Kevin参加学校举行的劳动周活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法。总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。写作要求：1.活动时间

；（thetimeofthisactivity）2.活动内容（如：校园环境美化、校内垃圾分类等）；（thecontentofthisactivity）3.活动意义。（thesignificanceofthisactivity）第二步：列提纲（重点

词组）inform;relevant;upcoming;various;beautify;definitely;physicalandmental;asforthesignificance;undou

btedly;cherish第三步：连词成句IwanttoinformyouthatourschoolwillholdsomerelevantactivitiesduringtheupcomingLabourWeek.I’mwriting

toinviteyoutoexperiencethegreatactivities.Wewillplanttreesthataredefinitelygoodforourphysicalandmentalwell-being.Wewillholdvari

ousactivitiestosupportourLabourWeek.It’sawonderfulideatosortgarbageinaneco-friendlyway.Sortinggarbagecanmake

ourcampuscleanerandmorefascinating.Asforthesignificance,wecanbenefitalotundoubtedly.Ourawarenessoflabourcanbe

developed.Wewilllearntocherishandrespectthefruitsofpeople’swork.在进行造句的时候一定要注意时态和语态上面的问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.文章的结

构顺序：劳动周具体时间和地点；劳动周的活动内容；劳动周的实际意义。2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,InadditionAswellas,notonly…but(also),including,连句成文，注意使用恰当的

连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰.第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。范文开头Ifeelextremelydelightedtoinformyout

hatourschoolwillholdsomerelevantactivitiesduringtheupcomingLabourWeek.既使用了一个宾语从句，又开门见山的点出了写作的主题和目的。此外范文中形容词和副词用得特别好，比如extremely和definitely等，都能够表达出作者

的情感。还用到了非谓语结构Moreover,it’sawonderfulideatosortgarbageinaneco-friendlyway,makingourcampuscleanerandmorefasc

inating.文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。