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学科网(北京)股份有限公司龙岩市一级校2022-2023学年第一学期期末高三联考化学参考答案一、选择题:本题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分。题号12345678910答案CBDBAACCAD二、非选择题:本题共5小
题,共60分。11.(12分)(1)多次浸取;适当增大稀硫酸浓度;充分搅拌;适当升高温度;粉碎(任答1种,其他合理答案也给分)(1分)(2)Al(OH)3...................................................................
.........................................................(1分)3Fe2++MnO-4+8H2O===MnO(OH)2↓+3Fe(OH)3↓+5H+............
........................(2分)(3)Zn.............................................................................................
.........................................(1分)(4)5Zn2++10HCO3-===Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6·2H2O↓+8CO2↑..................................
..........(2分)(5)n[Zn(OH)2]∶n(ZnO)=1∶4................................................................................
............(2分)(6)加入最后一滴氢氧化钠溶液,溶液颜色由无色变为浅红色且半分钟内不变色.....(1分)97.2%............................................................................
...................................................(2分)12.(11分)(1)Cu+4HNO3===Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O...................................................
.............(2分)(2)HNO3..........................................................................................................................
......(1分)(3)Cu(NO3)2................................................................................
..........................................(1分)向④中溶液通入NO2气体后,加入铜片............................................
.........................(1分)N2(或稀有气体等其他不与体系发生反应的气体)..................................................(1分)HNO2...................................
..............................................................................................(1分)(4)排除通NO2带来的硝酸浓度增大的影响............
.........................................................(1分)(5)2HNO3+H2O2+Cu===Cu(NO3)2+2H2O.................................
..................................(1分)90%......................................................................................................
............................(2分)13.(14分)(1)2NH3(g)+CO2(g)CO(NH2)2(s)+H2O(g),△H1=-87.0kJ/mol.......................(2分
)(2)该反应正向放热,气体分子数减小,高压低温有利于平衡右移,提高原料利用率。(2分)(3)①ABD...............................................................................................
...............................(2分)②44.4%..........................................................................
.................................................(1分)50.............................................................
.....................................................................(1分)③学科网(北京)股份有限公司..............................................................
...............(2分)(4)①CO(NH2)2+NO(g)+NO2===2N2(g)+CO2(g)+2H2O..................................(2分)②相对于NO2,NO难溶于水,难与尿素接触反应,未参与反应的NO增多,导致总
还原率降低。(2分)14.(11分)(1)3d64s2............................................................................................
...................................(1分)sp2............................................................................................
..........................................(1分)(2)65................................................................................................
.....................................(1分)(3)交错...............................................................................................
...................................(1分)旋转势垒很小,两种结构能量非常接近,气态时二者会相互转化..........................(2分)(4)Pb原子上有孤对电子,对二茂环有排斥......................
...............................................(2分)(5)6................................................................................
........................................................(1分)302334120106.0210a...........................................................
.........................................(2分)15.(12分)(1)苯乙烯(或乙烯苯)..............................................................................
........................(1分)(2)..........................................................................................................
...............(1分)(3).......................................(2分)(4)取代反应...............................
...........................................................................................(1分)(5)羰基、羧基.........................
.............................................................................................(2分)(6).............................................
.............................................(2分)(7)..............................................................................................
.......................................................(3分)