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龙岩市一级校2022-2023学年第一学期期末高三联考化学参考答案一、选择题:本题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分。题号12345678910答案CBDBAACCAD二、非选择题:本题共5小题,共60分。11.(12分)(1)多次浸取;适当增大稀硫酸浓度;充分搅拌
;适当升高温度;粉碎(任答1种,其他合理答案也给分)(1分)(2)Al(OH)3.............................................................................
...................................................(1分)3Fe2++MnO-4+8H2O===MnO(OH)2↓+3Fe(OH)3↓+5H+....................................
..(2分)(3)Zn...................................................................................................................
.......................(1分)(4)5Zn2++10HCO3-===Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6·2H2O↓+8CO2↑............................................(2分)(5)n[Zn(OH)2]∶n(Zn
O)=1∶4...............................................................................................(2分)(6)加入最后一滴氢氧化钠溶
液,溶液颜色由无色变为浅红色且半分钟内不变色.....(1分)97.2%.....................................................................................................
..............................(2分)12.(11分)(1)Cu+4HNO3===Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O...............................
...................................(2分)(2)HNO3.............................................................
.......................................................................(1分)(3)Cu(NO3)2....................................................
..........................................................................(1分)向④中溶液通入NO2气体后,加入铜片............................................
...........................(1分)N2(或稀有气体等其他不与体系发生反应的气体)...................................................(1分)HNO2.......
.............................................................................................................................(1分)
(4)排除通NO2带来的硝酸浓度增大的影响.......................................................................(1分)(5)2HNO3+H2O2+
Cu===Cu(NO3)2+2H2O....................................................................(1分)90%.................................................
.....................................................................................(2分)13.(14分)(1)2NH3(g)+CO2(
g)CO(NH2)2(s)+H2O(g),△H1=-87.0kJ/mol........................(2分)(2)该反应正向放热,气体分子数减小,高压低温有利于平衡右移,提高原料利用率。(2分)(3)①ABD....................
..............................................................................................................(2分)②44.4%...............
............................................................................................................
....(1分)50...............................................................................................
.......................................(1分)③.........................................................................
......(2分)(4)①CO(NH2)2+NO(g)+NO2===2N2(g)+CO2(g)+2H2O...................................(2分)②相对于NO2,NO难溶于水,难与尿素接触反应,未参与反应的NO增多,导致总还原率
降低。(2分)14.(11分)(1)3d64s2..........................................................................................................................
.........(1分)sp2................................................................................................................
..........................(1分)(2)65..................................................................................................
.......................................(1分)(3)交错..........................................................................................
............................................(1分)旋转势垒很小,两种结构能量非常接近,气态时二者会相互转化..........................(2分)(4)Pb原子上有孤对电子,对二茂环有排斥.........
.............................................................(2分)(5)6.....................................
.......................................................................................................(1分)3023341
20106.0210a.......................................................................................................(2分)15.(12分)(1)苯乙烯(或乙烯苯)..
.......................................................................................................(1分)(2).....................................
........................................................................................(1分)(3)........................................(2分)(4)取代反应.
.............................................................................................................................(1分)(5)羰基、羧基.....
.....................................................................................................................(2分)(6).
...........................................................................................(2分)(7)................
.......................................................................................................................
..................(3分)