【文档说明】上海市虹口区2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题【精准解析】.doc,共(22)页,376.500 KB,由小赞的店铺上传
转载请保留链接:https://www.doc5u.com/view-74d95b4bf6a77168051b0fbfd0f07380.html
以下为本文档部分文字说明:
虹口区2019学年度第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试高一英语试卷II.GrammarandVocabulary20%SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,
fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofth
egivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.NewsFromTheWorldofMedicineSHORTONSLEEP?DON'TFORGETTODRINKWATERInaPen
nsylvaniaStateUniversitystudyinvolvingmorethan20,000participants,peoplewhosaidtheygotonlysixhoursofsleepregularlyranagreaterriskofdehydration(
脱水)than___1___whogoteighthours.Thereasonmightliewithahormone(荷尔蒙)calledvasopressin,___2___helpscontrolthebody’sfluidlev
els.It’sletoutinlargerquantitieslaterinthesleepcycle,___3___peoplegettinglessshut-eyemightnothavethebe
stamountofit.Ifyouknowyou’reshortonslumber,___4___(make)apointofdrinkingwater.TEN-MINUTECANCERTESTAustral
ianresearchershavedevelopedatest___5___candiscovercancercellsintenminuteswith90percentaccuracy.HealthyDNAan
dcancerDNA,itturnsout,sticktometalsurfacesdifferently.WhencancerDNA___6___(add)towatermixedwithgoldnanoparticles(纳米颗粒
),thewaterremainsitsrosycolor,whenhealthyDNAisadded,thewaterturnsblue.___7___thetestischeapandsimple,itco
uldbeusedatyourprimarycarephysician'soffice,withfollow-upifnecessary.EXERCISEPREVENTSFALLSEachyear,atleastathirdofpeople___8___theageof65fa
lldownwards.Researchfoundthatthere'sonefactorrelatedtonotablyreducedrisk:exercise.PeoplewhotookpartinTaiChif
ell19percent___9___(often),whilethosewhodidbalanceandfunctionalexercises,suchasstep-ups,chairrises,orstandingononeleg,fell24percentlessoften.Mostu
sefulofallwas____10____(combine)differenttypesofexercise,includingliftingweightsandbalanceexercises.【答案】1.t
hose2.which3.so4.make5.that6.isadded7.Because8.over9.lessoften10.tocombine【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三则医疗方面的信息,分
别是缺乏睡眠的人容易脱水,十分钟癌症测试以及运动可以防止摔倒。【1题详解】考查代词。句意:宾夕法尼亚州立大学一项涉及2万多名参与者的研究发现,经常只睡6小时的人比那些睡8小时的人更容易脱水。此处指代“只睡8小时的人们”应用代词those。故填those。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意
:原因可能在于一种叫做血管加压素的荷尔蒙,它有助于控制身体的液体水平。本句为非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词vasopressin,且先行词在从句中做主语,表示“血管加压素”,故应用关系代词which。故填which。【3题详解】考查连词。句意:
在睡眠周期的后期,它会大量释放,所以睡眠时间较短的人可能没有最好的睡眠时间。结合上下文语境可知,前后句意为因果关系,故应用连词so。故填so。【4题详解】考查祈使句。句意:如果你知道自己睡眠不足,一定要注
意喝水。本句为祈使句,句首动词用原形。短语makeapointof表示“特别注意……”。故填make。【5题详解】考查定语从句。句意:澳大利亚研究人员开发了一种检测方法,可以在十分钟内发现癌细胞,准确率
高达90%。本句为定语从句修饰先行词test,且先行词在从句中做主语,表示“测试方法”故用关系代词that。故填that。【6题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:当把癌症DNA加入到含有金纳米颗粒的水中时,水仍然是玫瑰色,当加入健康的DNA时,水变成蓝色。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据下文t
hewaterremainsitsrosycolor可知,为一般现在时,主语为cancerDNA,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填isadded。【7题详解】考查连接词。句意:因为这个测试既便宜又简单,所以可以在你的初级保健医生办公
室使用,必要时可以进行随访。本句为原因状语从句,表示“因为”,句首字母要大写。故填Because。【8题详解】考查介词。句意:每年,至少有三分之一的65岁以上人口跌倒。结合句意表示年龄上的“超过,在……以上”应用介词over。故填over。【9题详解】考查比较级。句意:参加太
极拳锻炼的人减少了19%,而那些进行平衡和功能锻炼的人,比如步态提升、椅子上升或单腿站立的人减少了24%。根据下文fell24percentlessoften.可知,此处都是表示运动的人跌倒减少的百分比,故填lessoften。【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最有用的是把不同类型
的运动结合起来,包括举重和平衡运动。此处应用动词不定式做表语说明主语的具体内容。故填tocombine。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcan
onlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.TheFloatingSchoolLifeontheislandscanfeelabitisolatedduetoalackofelectricityan
dinternetconnectivity.Althoughsomeoftheislandshaveprimaryschools,mostyoungpeoplemusttraveltothelargerislandso
rtothemainlandtoattendhighschool.Schoolsontheislandsfollowthe___11___curriculum(课程).Theydon'tteachsubjectssuchasmaritim
eskills,swimmingorlocalfishingtraditions,andsothecurriculumisn'talways___12___withstudents'everydaylife.So,we___13___theFloatingSchoolaf
terwinningfundingthroughaUSStateDepartmentgrantcompetitioncalledSeedsfortheFuture.Beforewestartedtheschool,wespokewithyoungpeople,communityle
adersandteachersontheislandstofindoutthetopicsyoungpeoplearemostinterestedin.Wealsolearnedaboutthevarious___14___ofstudentsandyoungpeoplewhodon'tgoto
school.Thus,we___15___ourownnon-formaleducationalprogrammethatfitswiththecontextoflifeontheislands.Forexample,tho
seworkinginfishinghaveresponsibility___16___themarinelife,soweteachenvironmentalprotectionanddiscoura
gedestructivefishingpractices.TheFloatingSchoolisawoodenboatthatcan___17___uptotwentypeopleanditgoestothestudents,
nottheotherwayaround--weuseittotransporteducationalmaterials,tools,andteacherstoyoungpeoplelivingontheislands.Ourteachersarelocalyoung___18
___—sofarwehavehadjournalists,photographers,computerengineersandmusicians—andstudentswhowantto___19___theirskills.Atfirst,man
yoftheyoungpeoplethoughttheFloatingSchoolwouldbethesameastheirschoolsontheislands.Theyhadthoughtoftheteacherstobe_____20_____.Butourstudentslear
nthroughart,mediaandliterature.Theydon'thavetowearuniformsorshoes,andtheteacherstreatthestudentsasequals,withoutjudgi
ngthem.Thismeansourstudentscanbethemselves.【答案】11.J12.I13.C14.K15.E16.A17.H18.D19.F20.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由一艘木船组成,可以最多搭载20人的水上学校。文章说明了水上学校开设的原因,
以及水上学校所开展的有自己特色的非正规教育方案,以及学生们对水上学校的评价和看法。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意:岛上的学校遵循国家课程。此处修饰名词curriculum应用形容词,且表示“国家的”,故填n
ational。故选J。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意:他们不教授海事技能、游泳或当地捕鱼传统等课程,因此课程并不总是与学生的日常生活相关。结合句意表示“与……相关”短语为beconnectedwith,故填connected。故选I。【13题详解】考查动词。
句意:因此,我们通过美国国务院的一项名为“未来种子”的拨款竞赛赢得了资金,从而建立了这所水上学校。结合句意表示“建立”动词为found,且建立学校发生在过去,故应用一般过去时。故填founded。故选C。【14题详解】考查名词。句意:我们还了解了学生和不上学的年轻人所关心的各种问
题。根据上文various为形容词修饰名词可知,应填名词concern,且concern为可数名词,由various修饰应用复数形式,故填concerns。故选K。【15题详解】考查动词。句意:因此,我们
启动了自己的非正规教育方案,适合岛上的生活情况。结合句意表示“启动”应用动词launch,再根据上文Wealsolearnedabout可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填launched
。故选E。【16题详解】考查动词。句意:例如,那些在渔业工作的人有责任保护海洋生物,所以我们教环境保护和劝阻破坏性的捕捞做法。根据句意表示“保护”应为动词preserve,且根据上文haveresponsibilitydosth.“有责任做某事”可知,后跟动词原形,故填pre
serve。故选A。【17题详解】考查动词。句意:这所漂浮的学校是一艘最多能载20人的木船,它开向学生,而不是学生到它这儿来——我们用它向岛上的年轻人运送教育材料、工具和教师。结合句意表示“最多搭载”短语为carryupto,且can后跟动词原形,故填carry。故选H。【1
8题详解】考查名词。句意:我们的老师都是当地年轻的专业人士——到目前为止,我们有记者、摄影师、计算机工程师和音乐家——还有学生想要分享他们的技能。结合句意表示“专业人士”且由形容词young修饰,应填名词professional,结合后文可知,专业人士不止一个
故用名词的复数形式,故填professionals。故选D。【19题详解】考查动词。句意:我们的老师都是当地年轻的专业人士——到目前为止,我们有记者、摄影师、计算机工程师和音乐家——还有学生想要分享他们的技能。结合句意表示“分
享”应用动词share,根据上文wanttodosth.“想要做某事”可知,应填动词原形。故填share。故选F。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意:他们原以为老师很严格。此处做be动词的表语,结合句意表示“严格的”形容词为strict,填strict。故选B
。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fill
ineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.SchoolCounselors(辅导员)MatterOverwhelmed(压垮)byhomework?Worriedaboutafriend?Feellikeyoudon'
tfitin?Sometimesit'simpossibleto___21___toughtimesalone.Problemscanbuildupandyoumaysufferfrominsomni
a(失眠),havedifficultyconcentrating,orevenbecomedepressed.It'stimeforyoutotalktosomeone.Yourschoolcounselorcanbeagreatplacetostart.A
highschoolcounselorwhoisalicensedprofessionaloffersavarietyof___22___tohighschoolstudents.Heorsheoftenprovi
desadviceandresourcestostudentsregardingtheirfuturecollegeand___23___plans.Acounselormayalsohelpstudentswhoare___24___behavioralproblems
,familyissuesandstress.Heorsheoftenactsasagriefcounselortostudentsintheeventofanaccidentorother___25___situations.Thejobisquit
edemanding.___26___,highschoolcounselorsareoftenveryknowledgeableaboutdevelopmentalandfamilypsychology,andskilledatpro
vidingdirecttherapyfortroubledindividuals.Counselorsmeetwithstudentsindividuallyorinsmallgroups.Groupmeetingscanreallyhelppeoplewhoaredealingw
ith___27___issues.Notonlydoyougetgreatideasinagroupsetting,butitcanalsohelptoknowthatotherstudentsareex
periencingthesamethingandthattheyunderstand.How___28___youmeetwithyourcounselordependsontheissue.Someconcernsaredealtwithinaone-timemeeting.Othersreq
uireregularmeetingsforawhile.Schoolcounselorsareallabouthelpingtomakeyourschoolexperiencethebestitcanbe.Theroleoftheschoolcoun
selortodayisvery___29___whatitwaslikeinthepast.Insteadofjustfocusingonschoolworkandcareers,today'scounselorsarethereforstudentsinabroa
derway.Theyhelpstudentsaddressalmostanyproblemthatmightgetinthewayoflearning,guidestudentstoproductivefutures,andtrytocreatea_____30_____environm
entforeveryoneatschool.21.A.getoffB.getthroughC.getinD.getto22.A.servicesB.activitiesC.opportunitiesD.a
rguments23.A.housingB.careerC.trainingD.family24.A.accustomedtoB.stickingwithC.committedtoD.strugglingwith25.A.unfamiliarB.unreasonabl
eC.unforgettableD.unexpected26.A.OtherwiseB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Rather27.A.difficultB.personalC.similarD.emerg
ent28.A.longB.soonC.muchD.often29.A.differentfromB.dependentonC.closetoD.famousfor30.A.competitiveB.positiveC.socialD.working【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.D
26.C27.C28.D29.A30.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中辅导员是有执照的专业人员,为高中生提供各种各样的服务,经常为学生提供关于未来大学和职业规划的建议和资源。同时介绍了辅导员的工作内容,以及辅导员的重
要性。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:有时候一个人是不可能度过困难时期的。A.getoff下车;B.getthrough度过,熬过;C.getin进入;D.getto到达。根据后文Problemscanbuildupandyoumay
sufferfrominsomnia可知,此处是指一个人去度过那些困难的时期。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:高中辅导员是有执照的专业人员,为高中生提供各种各样的服务。A.services服务;B.activitie
s活动;C.opportunities机会;D.arguments争论。根据后文Heorsheoftenprovidesadviceandresourcestostudents可知,高中辅导员是为高中生提供各种各样建议和资源的服务的。故
选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他或她经常为学生提供关于未来大学和职业规划的建议和资源。A.housing房屋;B.career职业,事业;C.training训练;D.family家庭。根据上文futurecollege可知,大学之后应当是就业问题,故也提
供职业规划建议和资源。短语careerplan“职业规划”。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:辅导员也可以帮助那些正在行为问题、家庭问题和压力中挣扎的学生。A.accustomedto习惯于;B.stickingwith坚持;C.committedto致力于;D.strugglingw
ith挣扎,与……争斗。根据后文behavioralproblems,familyissuesandstress可知,这些都是不好的事情,应用是指在这些问题中挣扎。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在发生意外或其他意外情况时,他或她经常充当学生的悲伤顾问。A.unfamiliar不
熟悉的;B.unreasonable不合理的;C.unforgettable难忘的;D.unexpected意外的。根据上文anaccidentorother可知,此处是指意外故事或者其他意外情况。故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:因此,高中
辅导员通常对发展心理学和家庭心理学非常了解,并且擅长为有问题的个人提供直接治疗。A.Otherwise否则;B.However然而;C.Therefore因此;D.Rather不如说。结合上下文语境可知,此处为因果关系,应用therefore。故选C。
【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:小组会议真的可以帮助那些正在应对类似问题的人。A.difficult困难的;B.personal个人的;C.similar类似的;D.emergent紧急的。结合后文Notonlydoyougetgr
eatideasinagroupsetting,butitcanalsohelptoknowthatotherstudentsareexperiencingthesamethingandthattheyunderstand.可知,小组会议中都是与你有着类似
问题的人们。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:你多久见一次你的辅导员取决于这个问题。A.long长期地;B.soon不久;C.much许多;D.often经常。结合后文Someconcernsaredealtwithinaone-timemeeting.可知,此处是指与辅导员会面的
频率,短语howoften“多久一次”。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意:如今学校辅导员的角色与过去大不相同。A.differentfrom不同于;B.dependenton依赖于;C.closeto靠近;D.famousfor以……著称。结合后文Inst
eadofjustfocusingonschoolworkandcareers,today'scounselorsarethereforstudentsinabroaderway.可知,如今的辅导员与过去的辅导员大不相同了。故选A。【30题详解】考
查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们帮助学生解决几乎所有可能妨碍学习的问题,引导学生走向有成效的未来,并努力为学校里的每个人创造一个积极的环境。A.competitive竞争的;B.positive积极的;C.social社会的
;D.working有工作的。结合上文guidestudentstoproductivefutures,andtrytocreatea可知,辅导员引导学生走向有成效的未来,并努力为学校里的每个人创造一个积极的环境。故选B。SectionBDirections:Readthefoll
owingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoi
cesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Borninthe1950s,shoppingmallswereoncethesy
mboloftheU.S.consumerculture,butmanyarenowdyingout.DyingshoppingmallscanbefoundacrosstheUnitedStates,ofteni
nmiddle-classsuburbs.Economicdeclineincertainareastogetherwithanupwardtrendtowardsonlineshoppingandnewformsofurbanshoppingcentersha
vepushedtheonceseeminglyunbeatableshoppingmallsintodecline.Itisestimatedthat15to50percentofshoppingmallsmaycloseinthecomingdecades.Amer
icanshoppingculturefollowsitshousingculture.NumerousshoppingmallswerethereforebornaftertheSecondWorl
dWar,asAmericanswithcarsandfatwalletsmovedtothesuburbs.U.S.shoppingmallswerebuiltatarapidpaceasshoppersfledcitie
s,peakinginthemid-1990swhentheywerebeingbuiltatarateof140ayear.Thus,toomanyshoppingmallsareleftthoughc
onstructionhasgraduallydecreasedsincethen.Currently,therearearound1,500shoppingmallsacrosstheU.S.Mostsh
areahandfulofsimilarfeature.Theyusuallycontaintwoorthreestoriesofstoresseparatedbywalkways.Foodcourtsservepizzaa
ndotherfastfood.Parkinglotsarebigenoughtoeasilymisplaceacar.ShoppingmallsinEuropemightcontaingrocerystoresorchildcarecente
rs,whilethoseinJapanareoftenbuiltaroundmasstransit(交通枢纽).ButthesuburbanAmericanshoppingmallsarehardtogettoandmainlysellclothe
sandgifts.Asmanyshoppingmallsbecameredundant(过剩的),leadersinmanyU.S.townswhooncefoughtformallsnowstrugglewithhowtotransformthemtonewuses.Highlan
dMallinTexasisbeingtransformedintoacommunitycollegecampus,andLakelandMallinFloridanowhousesamegachurch(大型教会).Othershavebeen
redevelopedtoincludehousing,officesandevengreenspace.However,itishardtoimagineeveryshoppingmallmeetingthe
demandsforsuchtransformations.31.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.TheintroductiontoAmericanconsumercult
ure.B.ThechangesinAmericans'shoppinghabits.C.ThegrowthofAmericanshoppingcenters.D.ThedeclineofAmericanshoppingmalls.32.Whendidthecons
tructionspeedofISshoppingmallsreachthehighestpoint?A.AftertheSecondWorldWarB.Inthemid-1990s.C.Aftermasstransitappeared.D.Inthe200
0s.33.WhatdomanyU.S.townsdotosolvetheredundantshoppingmalls?A.Theymakethemlookdifferentfromeachother.B.Theymaketh
emmoreaccessibletothepublic.C.Theychangethemtoserveotherpurposes.D.Theymovethemtotheurbanareas.【答案】31.D32.B33.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国曾
经盛极一时的购物中心正在衰落。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Borninthe1950s,shoppingmallswereoncethesymboloftheU.S.consumerculture,butmanyarenowdyingout.(购
物中心诞生于20世纪50年代,曾是美国消费文化的象征,但现在许多购物中心正在衰落)结合文章说明了购物中心的衰落的原因和当初修建的原因。以及随着许多购物中心变得多余,许多美国城镇通过将购物中心改造成其他用途来解决这一问题。由此可知,文章主要介绍了美国购物中心的衰落。故选D。【
32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中U.S.shoppingmallswerebuiltatarapidpaceasshoppersfledcities,peakinginthemid-1990swhentheywerebeingbuiltatarateof140
ayear.(随着购物者逃离城市,美国的购物中心建设速度很快,在上世纪90年代中期达到顶峰,当时购物中心的建设速度为每年140座)可知,购物中心的建设速度在20世纪90年代中期达到最高点。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Asmany
shoppingmallsbecameredundant,leadersinmanyU.S.townswhooncefoughtformallsnowstrugglewithhowtotransformthemtonewuse
s.(随着许多购物中心变得多余,许多曾经为购物中心而战的美国城镇的领导人现在正在努力把它们变成新的用途)可知,许多美国城镇通过将购物中心改造成其他用途来解决多余的购物中心。故选C。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持,这些细节
对于理解全文内容至关重要,同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章,以获得某些特定的信息,或准确地寻求所需的细节,并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为:(1)一一对应型。(2)语言转述型
。(3)语意理解型。(4)是非辨别型。(5)事实排序型。如第二小题属于一一对应型,根据第三段中U.S.shoppingmallswerebuiltatarapidpaceasshoppersfledcities,peakinginthemid-1990swhentheywerebein
gbuiltatarateof140ayear.(随着购物者逃离城市,美国的购物中心建设速度很快,在上世纪90年代中期达到顶峰,当时购物中心的建设速度为每年140座)可知,购物中心的建设速度在20世纪90年代中期达到最高点。故选B。(B)34.Thispa
ssageismainlyintendedto_______.A.AdvertiseauniversityprogrammeB.promoteanewlybuiltschoolC.ProvidesuggestionsforsummertripsD.introducea
well-knowncollege35.AllofthefollowingarethefeaturesofImperialGlobalSummerSchoolEXCEPTthat_______.A.iti
sideallysituatedB.itoffersscholarshipsC.ithasexcellentteachersD.itenrollsinternationalstudents36.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistr
ueofImperialGlobalSummerSchool?A.Itgivesjustonesessioneveryyear.B.Mostofitsstudentsthoughthighlyofit.C.Itisintendedforstu
dentsinterestedincitylife.D.Itsstudentsneedtofindaccommodationbythemselves.【答案】34.A35.B36.B【解析】【分析】这是一则广告。文章
主要介绍了一个大学项目——ImperialGlobalSummerSchool的相关信息,包括招收学生、职工团队、开课日期时间等。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章中WhatisImperialGlobalSummerSchool?及Whychoos
eourGlobalSummerSchool?可知,文章主要是为ImperialGlobalSummerSchool做广告,根据第一段内容可知,ImperialGlobalSummerSchool是一个大学项目。故选A。【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中ImperialGlobalSummerSchoolbringstogethermorethan300studentsfromacrosstheglobal(ImperialGlobalSummerSchool将来自全球各地的300多名学生聚集在一起)以及the
programmeisdeliveredbyacademicstafffromImperial,aworldtoptenuniversity.(该课程由世界排名前十的帝国理工学院的教职工授课);以及文章最后CentralLondonlocation(伦敦
市中心的位置)可知,ImperialGlobalSummerSchool的特色是有优秀的教师团队、招收国际学生以及理想的地理位置,而B选项“提供奖学金”没有提到。故选B。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中99%ofstudentswouldrecommendthepro
gramme.(99%的学生将会推荐这个项目)可知,ImperialGlobalSummerSchool的大多数学生对它评价很高。故选B。【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有:infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/belikelyt
o等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时,要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第1小题,根据文章中WhatisImperialGlobalSummerScho
ol?及WhychooseourGlobalSummerSchool?可知,文章主要是为ImperialGlobalSummerSchool做广告,根据第一段内容可知,ImperialGlobalSummerSchool是一个大学项目。故选A。(C)Music.Weheariteverywher
e,everyday.Gettingintoalift,goingaroundasupermarketorsimplyrelaxingathome,musicisourconstantcompanion.Andmusiccanhaveasignificant
effectonthewaywethinkandfeel,soit'sworthpayingattentiontowhatwe'relisteningto.Musiccanhaveapowerfuleffectonourmoods,intermsofbothreducingandincreasin
gstress.Listeningtocalmgentlemusicinbedcanhelpusdropofftosleep.Someairlinesplaysmoothingmusiconboardplanesattake-offandlanding,toc
almnervoustravelers.Athletesoftenlistentofastloudmusictohelpthemprepareforgames.TheAmericanswimmerMichaelPhelpsisk
nowntolistentorapmusicbeforeimportantracestohelppumphimup.Themood-alteringeffectofmusiccanbeespeciallyacuteforthepeoplewhoactuallyplaythemu
sic.Musicianswhodonothavehighself-esteem(自尊心)cansuddenlyoverflowwithconfidenceoncetheygoonstage.It'sasthoughthemusicgivesthemadifferent
personality.Andit'snotonlythosewhofeelillateasewiththemselveswhocanbenefit.Scientistshaveconductedre
searchintotheeffectofmusiconstudentsstudyingforexams.Theyfoundthatlisteningtocalmmusicwitharegularbeatcanactuallyhelpstudentsrecallfa
ctsandimprovetheirperformanceinexams.Classicalmusic,preferablysomethingbyMozart,seemstohavethemostbeneficialeffect.Awordofca
ution,however:it'sbestnottoover-relyonthismethod,asyouwon'tbeabletolistentomusicinanexam.Formostofusthough,musicisoneofli
fe'sgreatpleasures.Andit'sapleasurethatendures.Researchershavefoundthatwedon'toftengrowoutofthemusicthatweloveasteenagers,becauseourmusical
tastesaresuchahugepartofouridentity,personalityandoutlookonlife.Sodon'tdeletethosesongsyoudownloadedwhenyouwerefifteen-you'
llprobablystilllovethemwhenyou'refifty.37.Whatwouldbethebestkindofmusictoplaytonervousdriversstuckintrafficjam?A.Rapm
usic.B.Gentleclassicalmusic.C.Cheerfulfolkmusic.D.Heavymetalmusic.38.Theword"acute"inparagraph3mostprobablymeans_______inthepassage.A.powerfulB.
controllableC.complexD.opposite39.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmusicistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Popmusicimprovesstudents
'academicperformance.B.Musichasmagicpowertochangemusicians'personality.C.Musicgenerallyinfluencepeople'sthoughtsandemotions.D.Sportsmen
listentofastmusictorelievetheirstressbeforegames.40.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Musicaltastesaffectourcharacterstoagreatextent
.B.Wehavetofindwaystomakethepleasureofmusiclast.C.Wewillbefondofdifferentkindsofmusicaswegrowup.D.Apartofourpersona
lityandtastesarewelldevelopedinourteens.【答案】37.B38.A39.C40.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐对人的思想和情感有很大的影响。文章说明了不同的音乐
对人们情绪的影响不同,以及研究人员还发现音乐在很大程度上能影响人们的性格。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Someairlinesplaysmoothingmusiconboardplanesattake-offandlanding,t
ocalmnervoustravelers.(一些航空公司在飞机起飞和降落时播放舒缓的音乐,以安抚紧张的旅客)可推知,对于堵车的司机来说,听温和舒缓的古典音乐最好。故选B。【38题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文Musicianswho
donothavehighself-esteemcansuddenlyoverflowwithconfidenceoncetheygoonstage.It'sasthoughthemusicgivesthemadifferentpersonality.可知,没有高度自尊的音乐家一旦走上舞台就
会突然充满自信。就好像音乐赋予了他们不同的个性。即音乐对情绪的改变作用对于真正演奏音乐的人来说尤其强大。故划线单词意思是“强大的”。故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Andmusiccanh
aveasignificanteffectonthewaywethinkandfeel,soit'sworthpayingattentiontowhatwe'relisteningto.(音乐对我们的思想和感受有很大的影响,所以
我们应该注意听什么)可知,音乐通常影响人们的思想和情感。故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Researchershavefoundthatwedon'toftengrowoutofthemusicthatweloveasteen
agers,becauseourmusicaltastesaresuchahugepartofouridentity,personalityandoutlookonlife.(研究人员发现,我们在青少年时期喜欢的音乐并不多,因为我们的音乐品味在我们的身份、个性和人生观
中占了很大一部分)可推知,音乐品味在很大程度上影响我们的性格。故选A。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersen
tencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.AreYouTreatedTooNicely?Anewstu
dyfoundthatwhentryingtobuildhighself-esteeminchildren,parentsmayunconsciouslybecreatinglittlenarcissists(自恋狂).___41___Parentswhoarealwayspra
isingtheirchildrenmaybetryingtodevelophighself-esteem.___42___Infact,toomuchspecialtreatmentcanleadtonarcissis
ticbehavior."___43___Thatmaynotbegoodforthemorforsociety."BradBushman,co-authorofthestudyandprofessorofcommunicationandpsychologyatthe
OhioStateUniversity,saidinapressrelease."Peoplewithhighself-esteemthinkthey'reasgoodasothers,whereasnarcissiststhinkthey'rebe
tterthanothers."Thisstudy,aswellaspreviousstudiesaboutparent-childrelationshipsBushmanhasworkedon,causedhimtoalterhisownparentingstyle.Whenhebegan
hisresearch,hethoughtthatchildrenshouldbetreatedliketheyarespecialbytheirparents.___44___Hesaidthatinterventions(干预)canhelpparentslearnhowtobettersup
porttheirchildren."Parenttraininginterventionscan,forexample,teachparentstoexpressaffectionandappreciatio
ntowardchildrenwithouttellingchildrenthattheyaresuperiortoothers,"Bushmansaid."Futurestudiesshouldtestwhetherthiscanwork.
"A.Nowheiscarefulnottofollowthatmodel.B.Childrenwhoseparentstellthemtheyarespecialaremorelikelytobecomenarcissists.
C.Butactually,theyhaverealizedthattheyarerunningtheirchildren.D.Childrenbelieveitwhentheirparentstellthemthattheyaremores
pecialthanothers.E.Andhecarefullycarriesouttheprinciple.F.However,thestudyshowedthatlovingandemotionallywarmparentsaremorelikelyt
ohaveconfidentkids.【答案】41.B42.F43.D44.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现,总是表扬孩子的父母可能是在试图培养孩子的自尊心。然而,研究表明,充满爱心和情感温暖的父母更有可能生出自信的孩子。
事实上,过多的特殊待遇会导致自恋行为。研究人员指出父母培训干预可以教会父母表达对孩子的喜爱和欣赏,而不必告诉孩子他们比别人优越。【41题详解】上文Anewstudyfoundthatwhentryingto
buildhighself-esteeminchildren,parentsmayunconsciouslybecreatinglittlenarcissists(自恋狂).(一项新的研究发现,当试图在孩子身上建立高度自尊时,父
母可能会无意识地培养出小的自恋者)中的“narcissists”可对应到B选项中“becomenarcissists”,都是在说明父母对孩子成为自恋者的影响。B选项“父母告诉孩子他们很特别的孩子,更有可能成为自恋者”符
合上下文语境。故选B。【42题详解】根据上文Parentswhoarealwayspraisingtheirchildrenmaybetryingtodevelophighself-esteem.(总是表扬孩子的父母可能是在试图培养孩子的自尊心)可推知,
本句承接上文说明哪些父母可以培养出有自信的孩子,故F选项“然而,研究表明,充满爱心和情感温暖的父母更有可能生出自信的孩子”符合上下文语境。故选F。【43题详解】根据后文Peoplewithhighself-esteemthinkthey'rea
sgoodasothers,whereasnarcissiststhinkthey'rebetterthanothers.(自尊心强的人认为自己和别人一样好,而自恋者认为自己比别人更好)可推知,孩子成为自恋者是因为父母告诉这些孩子他们比别人更特别,而这些孩子相信了。故D
选项“当父母告诉孩子们他们比别人更特别时,孩子们就相信了”符合上下文语境。故选D。【44题详解】根据上文Thisstudy,aswellaspreviousstudiesaboutparent-childrelationshipsBushmanhaswork
edon,causedhimtoalterhisownparentingstyle.Whenhebeganhisresearch,hethoughtthatchildrenshouldbetreatedliketheyarespecialbytheir
parents.(这项研究,以及之前Bushman所从事的关于亲子关系的研究,使他改变了自己的育儿方式。当他开始他的研究时,他认为孩子应该被他们的父母当作特殊的人来对待)可知,Bushman对亲子关系的研究改变了自己的育儿方式,故他现在开始学着不去遵循将孩子当作
特殊的人来对待的模式了。故A选项“现在他小心翼翼地不去遵循那个模式”符合上下文语境。故选A。IV.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentenceEnglish,usingthewordsgi
veninthebrackets.45.父亲参与家庭教育对孩子的成长有积极的影响。(involve)46.这款应用程序操作便捷,不妨下载一个在手机里。(better)47.我的祖父人老心不老,他很幽默,常常会逗乐年轻人。(remain
)48.虽然过春节时城市里不准燃放烟花,但人们仍觉得少不了要热闹庆祝一番。(it)【答案】45.Fathers’beinginvolved/Involvingfathersinfamilyeducati
onhasapositiveeffectonchildren’sgrowth.46.TheAppiseasytouse/user-friendly,soyou’dbetterdownloadoneonyourmobilephone.47.Mygrandfatherwho/thatre
mainsyoungatheartissohumorousthatheoftenamusestheyoungpeople.48.Althoughitisn’tallowedtoletofffireworks,peoplestillthinkitnecessarytocelebra
tethespringfestivalwarmly.【解析】【45题详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。固定短语haveapositiveeffecton“对……有积极影响”;本句中involve可用动名词短语involvingfathers或fathers’beinginvolved做主语
,时态为一般现在时,主语为动名词短语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故翻译为Fathers’beinginvolved/Involvingfathersinfamilyeducationhasapositiveeffectonchildren’
sgrowth.【46题详解】考查固定短语。固定短语beeasytodosth.“做某事很容易”;hadbetterdosth.“最好做某事”;表示“操作便捷”可用短语beuser-friendly。结合句意应用一般现在时,且上下文为因果关系,应用so连接,第一句主语为App,谓
语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为TheAppiseasytouse/user-friendly,soyou’dbetterdownloadoneonyourmobilephone.【47题详解】考查定语从句和状语从句。本句为限定性定语从句修饰先行词grandfather,且先行词在从句
中做主语,指人,故用关系代词who/that;且本句为so…that…引导的结果状语从句,表示“如此……以至于……”。结合句意应用一般现在时,主语为grandfather,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为Mygrandfath
erwho/thatremainsyoungatheartissohumorousthatheoftenamusestheyoungpeople.【48题详解】考查状语从句和it的用法。固定短语letofffireworks“放烟花”;本
句为让步状语从句,表示“虽然”且位于句首故用although引导;固定句式itbeallowedtodosth.“被允许做某事”,为it做形式主语结构;固定用法“think+it+形容词”表示“认为……怎么样”,为it做形式宾语
结构。结合句意应用一般现在时。故翻译为Althoughitisn’tallowedtoletofffireworks,peoplestillthinkitnecessarytocelebratethespringfestivalwarmly.V.Guide
dWriting49.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin100-120wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.常言道:“良言一句三冬暖
,恶语伤人六月寒”。一句鼓励的话能给人带来温暖,一句伤人的话会使人情绪低落。请你结合某一次经历,讲述自己的故事和感受。______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【
答案】Asthesayinggoes,agoodwordcanmakepeoplefeelwarminwinterwhileabadwordcanmakethemfeelcoldinsummer.Itr
emindsusthatsimplewarmwordscanliftupapersonwholosesheartandhelphimmakeitthroughthedaywhileadestructivewordtosomeonedepressedcanbewhatittakestokillhi
m.Hereismystoryaboutthissaying.Lastsummervacation,Iwenttothebankalonetowithdrawmoney.Buttherewerealotofpeopleatthe
counter,soIusedtheATMwhichalsowerecrowded.Iwaitedatthebackofthelineandfinallyitwasmyturn.ButafterIinsertedmycardintothemac
hine,themachinewentwrong.Itriedmanytimesandfailed.Peoplebehindmegotmoreandmoreanxious,andsomeevenstarteds
wearing.JustasIwasgettingreallyembarrassed,awomanbehindmewhisperedinmyear,“Don’tworryandtakeyourtime.Letmehelpy
ou,kid.”Later,withherhelp,Imanagedtowithdrawthemoney.Iwasverygratefultothatlady,whosewordsbroughtgreatwa
rmthtome.Fromthenon,Ialsodecidedtopassonthiskindbehavior.【解析】【分析】这是一篇开放性写作。【详解】第1步:根据提示可知,常言道:“良言一句三冬暖,恶语伤人六月寒”。一句鼓励的话能给人带来温暖,一句伤人
的话会使人情绪低落。请你结合某一次经历,讲述自己的故事和感受。第2步:根据写作要求,确定关键词(组):warmth(温暖);hurtful(令人感到伤痛的);withdrawmoney(取钱);gowrong(出毛病)等。第
3步:根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时。第4步:连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰,保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整,语言规范,语
篇连贯,词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式,如Buttherewerealotofpeopleatthecounter,soIusedtheATMwhichalsowerecrowded.运用了定语从句;ButafterIi
nsertedmycardintothemachine,themachinewentwrong.运用了时间状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩。