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满分练(一)阅读理解+七选五(限时:40分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023福建厦门二模)ACenturyInCirculationTHISYEAR’SANNUALCLASSICSCOLLECTIONisparticularlyspecialgiveni

tisthemagazine’s100thanniversaryyear.Peelingbackthecoversofthethousandsofeditions,publishedinnumerouscountries,anddating

backtothefirstissueinFebruary1922,isalwaysataskweenjoydoing.Thiscollectionoffersawiderangeofdifferentsubjects.Eachonewehopewi

llinform,delight,amuseandperhapsevenconfound(使惊讶)ourreaders:fromsteppinginsidetheFrenchartistPierre-AugusteRenoir’sinnercircleoffriends(‘Renoi

r’sInvitationToAParty’,page90),tofindingpeacefromdepressioninasolitarywalkonthebeach(‘TheDayAtTheBeach’,page110)andmeetingacatwho

heldafamilytogetherastheybegantofallapart(‘APrettyGoodTeacher,ForACat’,page22).Myfavouritearticle,‘ExploitsOfC

harles’(page104),iswrittenbyamotherabouttheincreasinglyoddbehaviourofalittleboyinheryoungson’skindergartenclass.Whatahandfulth

isyoungCharlesprovestobe.Hispoormother!,shethinkstoherself.I’mcertainyou’llenjoythisamusingandrelatableaccountofasmallboyadjustingtohisn

ewclassmatesandteacher.Withanendlesssupplyofwonderfulstories,surprisinginsightsandexperiencestoshare,Reader’sDigestrem

ainsaplacetofindfreshperspectives—andagreatread.Happyreading!LOUISEWATERSONEditor-in-Chief1.Wherecanwereadaboutacat?A.Onpage90.B.Onpage11

0.C.Onpage22.D.Onpage104.2.WhicharticleattractsLouisemost?A.Renoir’sInvitationToAPartyB.TheDayAtTheBeachC.APrettyGoodTeacher,ForACatD.Expl

oitsOfCharles3.Whatisthistext?A.Readers’review.B.Editor’snote.C.Authors’reflection.D.Publisher’sacknowledgement.B(20

23陕西安康一模)ZhouYouguangwastheinventorofPinyin,aspellingsystemthatconverts(转化)ChinesecharactersintowordswiththeRomanalphabe

t.Thesystem,adoptedbyChinain1958,givesreadersanimportanttooltopronouncetheChinesecharactersthattheyareunfamiliarwith.Whileitis

notthefirstsystemtoRomanizeChinese,Pinyinhasbecomethemostwidelyacceptedtooltoteachalanguagethathasdisparated

ialectsindifferentpartsofChina.BeyondChina’sborders,PinyinallowsthestandardizationofChinesenames.Forinstance,it’sabigreasonwhythenameWesterner

scommonlyusefortheChinesecapitalhasshiftedfrom“Peking”to“Beijing”.Andit’swhymanyothersuchnameshavechangeddramaticallya

longwithit.AndyetZhou,themanbehindoneofthemostimportantinnovationsinthe20thcentury,saidhewasunwillingtotakeonthetaskin

themid-1950s.Atthetime,hewasaneconomistandonlyrecentlyreturnedtoChina.“IsaidIwasanamateurandthatIcouldn’tdothejob,”hetold

theBBCin2012,laughing.“Buttheysaid,‘It’sanewjob.Everybodyisanamateur.’Everybodyurgedmetochangeprofessi

ons.SoIdid.In1955,Iabandonedeconomicsandstartedstudyingwritingsystems.”ThecommitteeledbyZhouspentthreeyearsworkingonitsalphabeticsystem.“Somepe

oplemadefunofus,jokingthatithadtakenusalongtimetodealwithjust26letters,”hesaidintheinterview.Otherstookthecommittee’sinventionveryse

riously,however.TheChinesegovernmentimmediatelyintroducedPinyininschools.TheinternationalcommunityeventuallyadopteditasthestandardRomanizatio

nforChinesewriting,aswell,withtheUnitedNationsdoingsoin1986.BeforetheinventionofPinyin,85%ofChinesepeoplecouldnotrea

d.Now,about95%canread.PinyinhasalsoplayedavitalroleindeterminingthewaysmobilephonesandcomputersrecognizeChinesecharact

ers.4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“disparate”inparagraph2?A.Different.B.Ugly.C.Standard.D.Understa

ndable.5.WhatdidMr.Zhouprobablystudyinuniversity?A.English.B.Chinese.C.Computer.D.Economics.6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutPinyin?A.Ith

astwenty-sixspellingrules.B.Itwasintroducedinschoolsin1955.C.TheUnitedNationsadopteditin1986.D.ItisthefirstattempttoRomanizeChinese.7.Whichparagraph

mainlyfocusesonthesignificanceofPinyin?A.Paragraph5.B.Paragraph6.C.Paragraph7.D.Paragraph8.C(2023广东茂名二模)Doyouoftencompareyours

elftootherpeople?Comparisonscanhelptomakedecisionsandmotivateyoubuttheycanalsopullyouintoacomparisontrap.Whether

it’sthenumberofgoalsyou’vescoredatfootballorhowmanybooksyou’veread,it’seasytocompareyourselftosomeoneelse.Scientistssayit’sanaturalbehaviourt

hathelpshumanslearnfromeachother,livehappilytogetherandachievemore.Althoughcomparingcanbegoodforyou,it’snotalwayshelpfulandyoucanfind

yourselfstuckinacomparisontrap.Thisiswhenyoualwaysmeasureyourselfagainstothersandbaseyourfeelingsonhowwelltheyseemtobedoing

.BeckyGoddard-Hillisachildtherapist(someonewhohelpschildrenunderstandtheirfeelings)andauthorofCreateYourOwnConfidence.Shesa

ysthatcomparisonscanmakeusfeelgoodandbadaboutourselves.“Comparingup”meansseeingsomeonedoingbetterthanyouandusingthattoinspireyourselftoa

imhigherandtryharder.However,Goddard-Hillsays,“Sometimesitcanmakeyoufeelrubbishaboutyourselfandknocky

ourconfidence.”“Comparingdown”iswhenyouseesomeonewhoseemslikethey’renotdoingaswellasyou.Thismightmakeyoufeelyou’redoingwell,saysGoddard-Hill,butitcan

alsostopyouwantingtoimprove.Ifyourfeelingsdependonwhatotherpeoplearedoing,“Surroundyourselfwithcheerleaders,”suggestsGoddard-Hill.Noticehowp

eoplemakeyoufeelandspendtimewithfriendswhocelebrateyourstrengthsratherthancomparethemselvestoyou.Ifyoufollo

wsocialmediaaccountsthatmakeyoufeelyouarefailinginanyway,unfollowthem.“Findonesthatmakeyoulaughorshowy

oulovelyplacesinstead,”shesays.Finally,focusonyourownachievementsandhowyoucanimprove.“Thebestpersonyoucancompe

tewithisyourself,”saysGoddard-Hill.8.Howdoesacomparisontrapaffectus?A.Itmakesusfocusonourownbehaviour.B.Itstopsusfromlearningfromeachoth

er.C.Itpreventsusfromlivinghappilytogether.D.Itbasesourfeelingsonothers’achievements.9.What’strueabout“Comparingup”and“Comparingdo

wn”?A.Bothofthemusuallyenhanceourconfidence.B.Bothofthemhaveadvantagesanddisadvantages.C.Theformerispositivewhilethelatterisnegative.D.Theformerma

kesusfeelgoodwhilethelattermakesusfeelbad.10.WhatdoesGoddard-Hillsuggest?A.Aimingtobeourbest.B.Tryingtobethebest.C.Tryingtobeach

eerleader.D.Valuingsomeoneelse’sachievements.11.Inwhichsectionofthemagazinecanyoufindthepassage?A.Achievement.B.Entertainment.

C.Health.D.Politics.D(2023安徽安庆二模)Homemadebiodiesel(生物柴油)helpsyouspeedpastthegasstationtowardsfuelindependence.Ourexpertoutlinesprocessingus

edcookingoilinasmallDIYplant.Ifyou’reguidingyourhouseholdtowardsamoreself-sufficientlifestyle,maybeyou’dliketoadddo-

it-yourselffueltoyourlistofgoals.Biodieselcanbecreatedfromwastevegetableoiloranimalfats,whichyoucancollectfr

eefromrestaurants,oryoucangrowsoybeans(大豆)topressyourownoil.Processtheoilwithacoupleofchemicalstoproduc

ehomemadefuelthatcanrunanydevice—includingpickups,cars,andhomeheatingsystems.First,findareliablesourceofrawmaterial.Trysourci

ngusedcookingoilfromrestaurants,functionalfoodcompanies.Ifyou’replanningtosellyourbiodiesel,beginbyanalyzingtheavailablerawmate

rialsupply,andmakeplanstosizeyouroperationaccordingly.Next,buildyourplant,sizedtoyourrawmaterialsupply.Asmallfamilyoper

ationcanfitinthecornerofagarage,withinthefootprintofasingleparkingspace.Allowenoughspaceforawaterheater,atankforstoringyourincomingfeedst

ock,andatankforwashingyourfuel.Forstartersaimtolineupenoughfeedstocktomeetyourfamily’sfuelrequirements.Ifyou’recollectingusedcook

ingoilfromrestaurants,expectthat20percentofthematerialyougatherwillbewaterandbitsoffriedfood.Waterisnotyourfriendw

henmakingbiodiesel,soyou’llneedtoremoveitbyheatingtheoilandallowingthecontaminants(污染物)tosettletothebottombeforeyoupourtheoilofthetop.You’llhavetomak

eaplanforgettingridoftheoilywastewater.Homebiodieselproductionisnotwithoutrisks.Makingyourownfuelwillrequiregreata

ttentiontodetailandsafety.Nowyouknowthebasicsofhowtomakebiodiesel,butyou’llneedtoresearchcarefullybeforeyoubeginproduc

tion.12.Wherecanyougetthematerialsofbiodiesel?A.Oilplants.B.Variedrestaurants.C.Abandonedgarages.D.Loca

lcompanies.13.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheuseofbiodiesel?A.Tolerant.B.Positive.C.Unwilling.D.Opposed.14.Whatcanwein

feraboutbiodieselproductionfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itneedsenoughwater.B.Itgoeswithoutanyrisks.C.Itrequireslittleattention.D.Itneedstobeimpro

ved.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Someresearchonbiodiesel.B.Anexperimentonbiodiesel.C.Theimportanceofbiodiesel.D.Onew

aytomakebiodiesel.Ⅱ.七选五(2023四川成都三诊)Thehumanbrainisthecommandcentreforthenervoussystemandenablesthoughts,memory,movementandemotions.

1Asthepopulationages,thechallengesforthepreservationofbrainhealthincrease.Itisthereforevitalforseniorstounderstandhowtoprotectit.Exerciseregu

larly.Regularphysicalexercisetendstohelpfightagainstthenaturalreductioninbrainconnectionsthatoccurduringaging.Multiplestudiesshow

thatphysicallyactivepeoplearelesslikelytoexperienceadeclineintheirmentalfunctionandhavealowerriskofdevelopingbraindisease.2H

avea“right”nap.Havinganapafterlunchcanbegoodforyourbrainandmanyseniorshavedevelopedsuchagoodhabitforlong.3Whilea30-minto90-minnaphasbrainbenefits

,anythinglongerthananhourandahalfmaycreateproblemswithcognition,theabilitytothinkandformmemories.4Yourbrainissimilartoa

muscle—youneedtouseitorloseit.Therearemanythingsthatyoucandotokeepyourbraininshape,suchasdoingcrosswordpuzzles,readi

ng,orplayingcards.Youcanalsolearnsomethingnewsuchasmusicalinstruments,drawing,orevendigitaldevices.Combinedifferenttypesofa

ctivitiestoincreasetheeffectiveness.EataMediterraneandiet.StudiesshowpeoplewhocloselyfollowaMediterraneandietarelesslikelytohavebraindiseasethanpeo

plewhodon’tfollowthediet.5However,weatleastknowthatomegafattyacidsfoundinoliveoilandotherhealthyfatsarevitalforyourcel

lstofunctioncorrectly.A.Staymentallyactive.B.Explorenewinterestsifpossible.C.Butkeepinmindthatthelengthm

atters.D.Yourdietplaysalargeroleinyourbrainhealth.E.Thebenefitsresultfromincreasedbloodcirculation.F.Maintainingahealthyb

rainistheprimarygoalinpursuinghealth.G.Furtherresearchisneededtodecidewhichpartsofthediethelpbrainthemost.答案：Ⅰ.A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章是一本杂志的编者注。1.C细节理解

题。根据第二段中的“Eachonewehopewillinform,delight,amuseandperhapsevenconfoundourreaders:from...andmeetingacatwhoheldafamilytogetherastheybe

gantofallapart(‘APrettyGoodTeacher,ForAcat’,page22).”可知,我们在第22页可以读到一只猫的故事。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Myfavouritearticle,‘ExploitsOfChar

les’(page104),iswrittenbyamotherabouttheincreasinglyoddbehaviourofalittleboyinheryoungson’skindergartenclass.”可知,《查尔斯的事迹》最吸引露易丝。3.B推理判断题。通读全文,根据第一段

中的“THISYEAR’SANNUALCLASSICSCOLLECTIONisparticularlyspecialgivenitisthemagazine’s100thanniversaryyear.”等内容,以及文章结尾落款“Edit

or-in-Chief(主编)”可知,本文是一本杂志的编者注。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。周有光老人在文中回顾了拼音方案出台前后的一些鲜为人知的细节。4.A词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“dialectsindifferentpartso

fChina”及常识可知,不同地区的方言是不同的。由此可知,画线词disparate与different(不同的)意思一致。故选A项。5.D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Everybodyurgedme

tochangeprofessions.SoIdid.In1955,Iabandonedeconomicsandstartedstudyingwritingsystems.”可知,周有光在大学里学的很可能是经济学。故选D项。6.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theinternationalc

ommunityeventuallyadopteditasthestandardRomanizationforChinesewriting,aswell,withtheUnitedNationsdoingsoin1986.”可知,联合国于198

6年采用了拼音。故选C项。7.D主旨大意题。根据第八段“BeforetheinventionofPinyin,85%ofChinesepeoplecouldnotread.Now,about95%canread.P

inyinhasalsoplayedavitalroleindeterminingthewaysmobilephonesandcomputersrecognizeChinesecharacters.”可知,选项给出的这四段中,只有第八段讲的是发明拼音的意义:提高国民识字率、有利于数字化技术普及。

故选D项。C[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在生活中,我们经常容易陷入比较陷阱,从而影响自己。专家建议我们要关注自己,和自己比较。8.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Althoughcomparingcanbegoodforyou,it’snotalwa

yshelpfulandyoucanfindyourselfstuckinacomparisontrap.Thisiswhenyoualwaysmeasureyourselfagainstothersandbaseyourfeelingsonhow

welltheyseemtobedoing.”可知,比较陷阱会让我们总是把自己的感受建立在别人的成就上。9.B推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“‘Comparingup’meansseeingsomeonedoingbetterthanyouandusingthattoinsp

ireyourselftoaimhigherandtryharder.However,...well,saysGoddard-Hill,butitcanalsostopyouwantingtoimprove.”可知,攀比和比差都既有优点

又有缺点。10.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Finally,focusonyourownachievementsandhowyoucanimprove.‘Thebestpersonyoucancompetewithisyourself,’saysGoddard

-Hill.”可知,BeckyGoddard-Hill建议我们与自己竞争,力争做最好的自己就好。11.C推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“BeckyGoddard-Hillisachildtherapist(someonewhohelpschildrenunderstandtheirfeelin

gs)andauthorofCreateYourOwnConfidence.Shesaysthatcomparisonscanmakeusfeelgoodandbadaboutourselves.”可知,文章主要讲述的是比较会让我们陷入比较陷阱,从而产生心理问题,所以这篇文章选自健康

专栏。D[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一种加工废食用油的DIY的方法。12.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Biodieselcanbecreatedfromwastevegetableoilo

ranimalfats,whichyoucancollectfreefromrestaurants,oryoucangrowsoybeans(大豆)topressyourownoil.”可知,生物柴油需要的材料可以从餐馆免费收

集获得。13.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Processtheoilwithacoupleofchemicalstoproducehomemadefuelthatcanrunanydevice—includingpickups,cars,andhomeheatingsystems.

”可知,作者对于生物柴油的使用是乐观的,积极的。14.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Waterisnotyourfriendwhenmakingbiodiesel,soyou’llneedtoremoveitbyheatingtheoil

andallowingthecontaminants(污染物)tosettletothebottombeforeyoupourtheoilofthetop.”可知,制造生物柴油时,不需要水,选项A错误;根据最后一段“Homebiodieselproductionisnot

withoutrisks.Makingyourownfuelwillrequiregreatattentiontodetailandsafety.Nowyouknowthebasicsofhowtomakebiodiesel,butyou’llneed

toresearchcarefullybeforeyoubeginproduction.”可知,家用生物柴油的生产有一定的风险,选项B错误;制造自己的燃料需要非常注意细节,选项C错误;在开始生产之前你需要仔细研究生产过程,即说明这种方法需要改进。故选D项。15.D主旨大意题。通读全文,根

据第一段“Homemadebiodiesel(生物柴油)helpsyouspeedpastthegasstationtowardsfuelindependence.Ourexpertoutlinesprocess

ingusedcookingoilinasmallDIYplant.”同时结合第三段中描述DIY的过程,可知,本文主要介绍一种加工废食用油的DIY的方法。Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了一些保持大脑健康的小措施。1.F下文“Asthepopulationages,thec

hallengesforthepreservationofbrainhealthincrease.Itisthereforevitalforseniorstounderstandhowtoprotectit

.”指出保护大脑健康至关重要,推测其原因应该是大脑健康对人们而言很重要。选项F指出保持大脑健康是追求健康的首要目的,与下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选F项。2.E上文“Multiplestudiesshowthatphysicallyactivepeoplearelessli

kelytoexperienceadeclineintheirmentalfunctionandhavealowerriskofdevelopingbraindisease.”指出,运动活跃的人患脑部疾病的风

险较低。选项E则指出这类人患病风险低的原因是血液循环的增加,前后文构成因果关系,符合语境。故选E项。3.C上文“Havinganapafterlunchcanbegoodforyourbrainandmanyseniorshavedevelopedsuchagoodhabi

tforlong.”指出午休对大脑健康好;下文“Whilea30-minto90-minnaphasbrainbenefits,anythinglongerthananhourandahalfmaycreateproblemswithcogniti

on,theabilitytothinkandformmemories.”指出,虽然午睡好,但是超过一个半小时的午睡会导致认知等方面的问题,这说明午睡虽重要,但要注意时长。选项C正好指出午睡时长很重要,符合语境。故选C项。4.A下文“Yourbrai

nissimilartoamuscle—youneedtouseitorloseit.Therearemanythingsthatyoucandotokeepyourbraininshape,suchasdoingcrosswordpuzzles,reading,o

rplayingcards.”指出,大脑也需要通过填字游戏等活动保持其活跃,而大脑活跃就是一种精神层面的活跃。选项A指出要保持精神活跃,与下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选A项。5.G下文“However,weatleastknowthato

megafattyacidsfoundinoliveoilandotherhealthyfatsarevitalforyourcellstofunctioncorrectly.”指出了已知的一些对大脑健康有帮助的食物。选项G指出,究竟是饮食中的哪部分对大脑帮助最大还有待进一步研究,而

下文却提出了几种已知有帮助的食物,前后文存在转折关系,也用副词However“然而”进行过渡了,上下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选G项。词汇积累:1.(A)givenprep.考虑到2.(A)anniversaryn.周年纪念(日)3.(B)shiftv.变换,变动4.(B)dramaticall

yadv.戏剧性地5.(B)innovationn.创新6.(B)takeon承担,接受7.(B)abandonvt.放弃8.(C)comparisonn.比较9.(C)trapn.陷阱10.(七选五)nervousadj.神经系统

的11.(七选五)agevi.变老12.(七选五)vitaladj.至关重要的熟词生义:1.(A)covern.封面2.(C)measurevt.估量,判定3.(C)knockvt.打击4.(D)pr

essvt.榨油长难句分析:Ifyou’recollectingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants,expectthat20percentofthematerialyougatherwillbewaterandbitsoffriedf

ood.分析:本句为主从复合句,“Ifyou’recollectingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants”为If引导的条件状语从句;“that20percentofthematerialyougatherwill

bewaterandbitsoffriedfood”为that引导的宾语从句;yougather为定语从句。句意:如果你从餐馆收集用过的食用油,预计你收集的材料中有20%是水和油炸食品的残渣。