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满分练(一)阅读理解+七选五(限时:40分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023福建厦门二模)ACenturyInCirculationTHISYEAR’SANNUALCLASSICSCOLLECTIONisp

articularlyspecialgivenitisthemagazine’s100thanniversaryyear.Peelingbackthecoversofthethousandsofeditions,publishedinnu

merouscountries,anddatingbacktothefirstissueinFebruary1922,isalwaysataskweenjoydoing.Thiscollectionoffersawiderangeofdifferentsubjects.

Eachonewehopewillinform,delight,amuseandperhapsevenconfound(使惊讶)ourreaders:fromsteppinginsidetheFrenchartistPierre-Aug

usteRenoir’sinnercircleoffriends(‘Renoir’sInvitationToAParty’,page90),tofindingpeacefromdepressioninasolita

rywalkonthebeach(‘TheDayAtTheBeach’,page110)andmeetingacatwhoheldafamilytogetherastheybegantofallapart(‘APrettyGoodTeacher,For

ACat’,page22).Myfavouritearticle,‘ExploitsOfCharles’(page104),iswrittenbyamotherabouttheincreasinglyoddbehaviourofalittleboyi

nheryoungson’skindergartenclass.WhatahandfulthisyoungCharlesprovestobe.Hispoormother!,shethinkstoherself.I’mcertainyou’llenjoythisam

usingandrelatableaccountofasmallboyadjustingtohisnewclassmatesandteacher.Withanendlesssupplyofwonderfulstories,surpr

isinginsightsandexperiencestoshare,Reader’sDigestremainsaplacetofindfreshperspectives—andagreatread.Happyreading!LOUISEWATERSONEditor-in-Chief1

.Wherecanwereadaboutacat?A.Onpage90.B.Onpage110.C.Onpage22.D.Onpage104.2.WhicharticleattractsLouisemost?A.Renoir’sInvitationToAPartyB

.TheDayAtTheBeachC.APrettyGoodTeacher,ForACatD.ExploitsOfCharles3.Whatisthistext?A.Readers’review.B.Editor’snote.C.Authors’reflection

.D.Publisher’sacknowledgement.B(2023陕西安康一模)ZhouYouguangwastheinventorofPinyin,aspellingsystemthatconverts(转化)Chinesecharactersinto

wordswiththeRomanalphabet.Thesystem,adoptedbyChinain1958,givesreadersanimportanttooltopronouncetheChinesecharactersthattheyare

unfamiliarwith.WhileitisnotthefirstsystemtoRomanizeChinese,Pinyinhasbecomethemostwidelyacceptedtooltote

achalanguagethathasdisparatedialectsindifferentpartsofChina.BeyondChina’sborders,PinyinallowsthestandardizationofChinesenames.Forinstance,it’sabig

reasonwhythenameWesternerscommonlyusefortheChinesecapitalhasshiftedfrom“Peking”to“Beijing”.Andit’swhymanyothersuchnameshavechan

geddramaticallyalongwithit.AndyetZhou,themanbehindoneofthemostimportantinnovationsinthe20thcentury,s

aidhewasunwillingtotakeonthetaskinthemid-1950s.Atthetime,hewasaneconomistandonlyrecentlyreturnedtoChina.“IsaidIwasanamateurandthatIcould

n’tdothejob,”hetoldtheBBCin2012,laughing.“Buttheysaid,‘It’sanewjob.Everybodyisanamateur.’Everybodyurgedmetochangeprofessio

ns.SoIdid.In1955,Iabandonedeconomicsandstartedstudyingwritingsystems.”ThecommitteeledbyZhouspentthreeyearsworkingonitsalpha

beticsystem.“Somepeoplemadefunofus,jokingthatithadtakenusalongtimetodealwithjust26letters,”hesaidintheintervie

w.Otherstookthecommittee’sinventionveryseriously,however.TheChinesegovernmentimmediatelyintroducedPinyininschools.Theinternatio

nalcommunityeventuallyadopteditasthestandardRomanizationforChinesewriting,aswell,withtheUnitedNationsdoingsoin

1986.BeforetheinventionofPinyin,85%ofChinesepeoplecouldnotread.Now,about95%canread.Pinyinhasalsoplayedavitalroleindeterminingthewa

ysmobilephonesandcomputersrecognizeChinesecharacters.4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“disparate”inparagraph2?A.Different.B.Ugly.C.St

andard.D.Understandable.5.WhatdidMr.Zhouprobablystudyinuniversity?A.English.B.Chinese.C.Computer.D.Economics.6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutPinyin?A.Itha

stwenty-sixspellingrules.B.Itwasintroducedinschoolsin1955.C.TheUnitedNationsadopteditin1986.D.ItisthefirstattempttoRoman

izeChinese.7.WhichparagraphmainlyfocusesonthesignificanceofPinyin?A.Paragraph5.B.Paragraph6.C.Paragraph7.D.Par

agraph8.C(2023广东茂名二模)Doyouoftencompareyourselftootherpeople?Comparisonscanhelptomakedecisionsandmotivateyoubuttheycanalsopullyouintoacompar

isontrap.Whetherit’sthenumberofgoalsyou’vescoredatfootballorhowmanybooksyou’veread,it’seasytocompareyours

elftosomeoneelse.Scientistssayit’sanaturalbehaviourthathelpshumanslearnfromeachother,livehappilytogetherandachievem

ore.Althoughcomparingcanbegoodforyou,it’snotalwayshelpfulandyoucanfindyourselfstuckinacomparisontrap.Thisiswhenyoualwaysmeasureyours

elfagainstothersandbaseyourfeelingsonhowwelltheyseemtobedoing.BeckyGoddard-Hillisachildtherapist(someonewhohelpschildrenunderstandtheirfeelings)

andauthorofCreateYourOwnConfidence.Shesaysthatcomparisonscanmakeusfeelgoodandbadaboutourselves.“Comparingup”meansseeingsomeonedoingbetterthanyouand

usingthattoinspireyourselftoaimhigherandtryharder.However,Goddard-Hillsays,“Sometimesitcanmakeyoufeelrubbishabouty

ourselfandknockyourconfidence.”“Comparingdown”iswhenyouseesomeonewhoseemslikethey’renotdoingaswellasyou.Thismi

ghtmakeyoufeelyou’redoingwell,saysGoddard-Hill,butitcanalsostopyouwantingtoimprove.Ifyourfeelingsdependonw

hatotherpeoplearedoing,“Surroundyourselfwithcheerleaders,”suggestsGoddard-Hill.Noticehowpeoplemakeyoufeelandspendti

mewithfriendswhocelebrateyourstrengthsratherthancomparethemselvestoyou.Ifyoufollowsocialmediaaccountsthatmakeyoufeelyouarefailing

inanyway,unfollowthem.“Findonesthatmakeyoulaughorshowyoulovelyplacesinstead,”shesays.Finally,focusonyourownachievementsandho

wyoucanimprove.“Thebestpersonyoucancompetewithisyourself,”saysGoddard-Hill.8.Howdoesacomparisontrapaffectus?A.Itmakesusfocusonourow

nbehaviour.B.Itstopsusfromlearningfromeachother.C.Itpreventsusfromlivinghappilytogether.D.Itbasesourfeelingsonothers’achievements.9.W

hat’strueabout“Comparingup”and“Comparingdown”?A.Bothofthemusuallyenhanceourconfidence.B.Bothofthemhaveadvantagesanddisadvantages.C.Th

eformerispositivewhilethelatterisnegative.D.Theformermakesusfeelgoodwhilethelattermakesusfeelbad.10.WhatdoesGoddard-Hillsuggest?A.Aimingtobeo

urbest.B.Tryingtobethebest.C.Tryingtobeacheerleader.D.Valuingsomeoneelse’sachievements.11.Inwhichsectionofthemagazinecanyo

ufindthepassage?A.Achievement.B.Entertainment.C.Health.D.Politics.D(2023安徽安庆二模)Homemadebiodiesel(生物柴油)helpsyouspeedpastthegasstation

towardsfuelindependence.OurexpertoutlinesprocessingusedcookingoilinasmallDIYplant.Ifyou’reguidingyourhouseholdtowardsam

oreself-sufficientlifestyle,maybeyou’dliketoadddo-it-yourselffueltoyourlistofgoals.Biodieselcanbecreatedfromwastevegetableo

iloranimalfats,whichyoucancollectfreefromrestaurants,oryoucangrowsoybeans(大豆)topressyourownoil.Processtheoilwitha

coupleofchemicalstoproducehomemadefuelthatcanrunanydevice—includingpickups,cars,andhomeheatingsystems.Firs

t,findareliablesourceofrawmaterial.Trysourcingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants,functionalfoodcompanies.Ifyou’replanningtosellyourbiodiesel

,beginbyanalyzingtheavailablerawmaterialsupply,andmakeplanstosizeyouroperationaccordingly.Next,buildyourplant,sizedtoyourr

awmaterialsupply.Asmallfamilyoperationcanfitinthecornerofagarage,withinthefootprintofasingleparkingspace.Allowenoughspaceforawaterheater,ata

nkforstoringyourincomingfeedstock,andatankforwashingyourfuel.Forstartersaimtolineupenoughfeedstocktomeetyourfamily’sfuelrequirements.Ifyo

u’recollectingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants,expectthat20percentofthematerialyougatherwillbewaterandbitsoffriedfood.Waterisnotyourfr

iendwhenmakingbiodiesel,soyou’llneedtoremoveitbyheatingtheoilandallowingthecontaminants(污染物)tosettletothebottombeforeyoupourtheoi

lofthetop.You’llhavetomakeaplanforgettingridoftheoilywastewater.Homebiodieselproductionisnotwithoutrisks.Makingyourownfuelwillreq

uiregreatattentiontodetailandsafety.Nowyouknowthebasicsofhowtomakebiodiesel,butyou’llneedtoresearchcarefullybeforeyoubeginproduction

.12.Wherecanyougetthematerialsofbiodiesel?A.Oilplants.B.Variedrestaurants.C.Abandonedgarages.D.Localcom

panies.13.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheuseofbiodiesel?A.Tolerant.B.Positive.C.Unwilling.D.Opposed.14.Whatcanweinferaboutbiodieselproductionfr

omthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itneedsenoughwater.B.Itgoeswithoutanyrisks.C.Itrequireslittleattention.D.Itneedstobeimproved.15.Whatist

hetextmainlyabout?A.Someresearchonbiodiesel.B.Anexperimentonbiodiesel.C.Theimportanceofbiodiesel.D.Onewaytomakebiodiesel.Ⅱ.七选五

(2023四川成都三诊)Thehumanbrainisthecommandcentreforthenervoussystemandenablesthoughts,memory,movementandemotions.1Asthepopulationages,thec

hallengesforthepreservationofbrainhealthincrease.Itisthereforevitalforseniorstounderstandhowtoprotec

tit.Exerciseregularly.Regularphysicalexercisetendstohelpfightagainstthenaturalreductioninbrainconnectionsthatoccurduringaging.Mul

tiplestudiesshowthatphysicallyactivepeoplearelesslikelytoexperienceadeclineintheirmentalfunctionandhavealowerriskofdevelopingbra

indisease.2Havea“right”nap.Havinganapafterlunchcanbegoodforyourbrainandmanyseniorshavedevelopedsuchago

odhabitforlong.3Whilea30-minto90-minnaphasbrainbenefits,anythinglongerthananhourandahalfmaycreateproblemswithcognition,th

eabilitytothinkandformmemories.4Yourbrainissimilartoamuscle—youneedtouseitorloseit.Therearemanythingsthatyoucan

dotokeepyourbraininshape,suchasdoingcrosswordpuzzles,reading,orplayingcards.Youcanalsolearnsomethingnewsuc

hasmusicalinstruments,drawing,orevendigitaldevices.Combinedifferenttypesofactivitiestoincreasetheeffectiveness.EataMediterraneandiet.Studiesshowpe

oplewhocloselyfollowaMediterraneandietarelesslikelytohavebraindiseasethanpeoplewhodon’tfollowthediet.5H

owever,weatleastknowthatomegafattyacidsfoundinoliveoilandotherhealthyfatsarevitalforyourcellstofunctioncorrectly.A.Staymentallyac

tive.B.Explorenewinterestsifpossible.C.Butkeepinmindthatthelengthmatters.D.Yourdietplaysalargeroleinyourbrainhealth.E.The

benefitsresultfromincreasedbloodcirculation.F.Maintainingahealthybrainistheprimarygoalinpursuinghealth.G.Furtherresearchisn

eededtodecidewhichpartsofthediethelpbrainthemost.答案：Ⅰ.A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章是一本杂志的编者注。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Eachonewehopewillinform,del

ight,amuseandperhapsevenconfoundourreaders:from...andmeetingacatwhoheldafamilytogetherastheybegantofal

lapart(‘APrettyGoodTeacher,ForAcat’,page22).”可知,我们在第22页可以读到一只猫的故事。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Myfavouritearticle,‘ExploitsOfCharl

es’(page104),iswrittenbyamotherabouttheincreasinglyoddbehaviourofalittleboyinheryoungson’skindergartenclass.”可知,《查尔斯的事迹》最吸引露易丝。3.B推理判断题。通读全

文,根据第一段中的“THISYEAR’SANNUALCLASSICSCOLLECTIONisparticularlyspecialgivenitisthemagazine’s100thanniversaryyear.”等内容,以及文章结尾落款“Editor-in-Chief(主编

)”可知,本文是一本杂志的编者注。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。周有光老人在文中回顾了拼音方案出台前后的一些鲜为人知的细节。4.A词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“dialectsindifferentpartsofChina”及常识可知,不同地区的方言是不同的。

由此可知,画线词disparate与different(不同的)意思一致。故选A项。5.D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Everybodyurgedmetochangeprofessions.SoIdid.In1955,Iabandoned

economicsandstartedstudyingwritingsystems.”可知,周有光在大学里学的很可能是经济学。故选D项。6.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theinternationalcommunityeventuallyadopteditas

thestandardRomanizationforChinesewriting,aswell,withtheUnitedNationsdoingsoin1986.”可知,联合国于1986年采用了拼音。故

选C项。7.D主旨大意题。根据第八段“BeforetheinventionofPinyin,85%ofChinesepeoplecouldnotread.Now,about95%canread.Pinyinhasalsoplayedavitalrolei

ndeterminingthewaysmobilephonesandcomputersrecognizeChinesecharacters.”可知,选项给出的这四段中,只有第八段讲的是发明拼音的意义:提高国民识字率、有利于数字化技术普及。故选D项。C[语篇解读]本文是一

篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在生活中,我们经常容易陷入比较陷阱,从而影响自己。专家建议我们要关注自己,和自己比较。8.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Althoughcomparingcanbegoodforyou,it’sno

talwayshelpfulandyoucanfindyourselfstuckinacomparisontrap.Thisiswhenyoualwaysmeasureyourselfagainstothersandbasey

ourfeelingsonhowwelltheyseemtobedoing.”可知,比较陷阱会让我们总是把自己的感受建立在别人的成就上。9.B推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“‘Comparingup’meansseein

gsomeonedoingbetterthanyouandusingthattoinspireyourselftoaimhigherandtryharder.However,...well,saysGoddard-Hill,butitcanalsostop

youwantingtoimprove.”可知,攀比和比差都既有优点又有缺点。10.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Finally,focusonyourownachievementsandhowyouca

nimprove.‘Thebestpersonyoucancompetewithisyourself,’saysGoddard-Hill.”可知,BeckyGoddard-Hill建议我们与自己竞争,力争做最好的自己就好。11.C推理判断题。根据文章

倒数第二段中的“BeckyGoddard-Hillisachildtherapist(someonewhohelpschildrenunderstandtheirfeelings)andauthorofCreateYourOwnConfidence.Shesaysthatcomparisonsca

nmakeusfeelgoodandbadaboutourselves.”可知,文章主要讲述的是比较会让我们陷入比较陷阱,从而产生心理问题,所以这篇文章选自健康专栏。D[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一种加工废

食用油的DIY的方法。12.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Biodieselcanbecreatedfromwastevegetableoiloranimalfats,whichyoucancollectfreefromrestaurants,o

ryoucangrowsoybeans(大豆)topressyourownoil.”可知,生物柴油需要的材料可以从餐馆免费收集获得。13.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Processtheoilwitha

coupleofchemicalstoproducehomemadefuelthatcanrunanydevice—includingpickups,cars,andhomeheatingsystems.”可知,作者对于生物柴油的使用是乐观的,积极的。14.D推理判断题。根据倒

数第二段中“Waterisnotyourfriendwhenmakingbiodiesel,soyou’llneedtoremoveitbyheatingtheoilandallowingthecontaminants(污染物)tosettletothebottombeforeyoupou

rtheoilofthetop.”可知,制造生物柴油时,不需要水,选项A错误;根据最后一段“Homebiodieselproductionisnotwithoutrisks.Makingyourownfuelwillrequiregreatattentiontodetai

landsafety.Nowyouknowthebasicsofhowtomakebiodiesel,butyou’llneedtoresearchcarefullybeforeyoubeginproduction.”可知,

家用生物柴油的生产有一定的风险,选项B错误;制造自己的燃料需要非常注意细节,选项C错误;在开始生产之前你需要仔细研究生产过程,即说明这种方法需要改进。故选D项。15.D主旨大意题。通读全文,根据第一段“Homemadebiodi

esel(生物柴油)helpsyouspeedpastthegasstationtowardsfuelindependence.OurexpertoutlinesprocessingusedcookingoilinasmallDIYp

lant.”同时结合第三段中描述DIY的过程,可知,本文主要介绍一种加工废食用油的DIY的方法。Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了一些保持大脑健康的小措施。1.F下文“Asthepopulationages,thechallengesforthepreservationofbrainh

ealthincrease.Itisthereforevitalforseniorstounderstandhowtoprotectit.”指出保护大脑健康至关重要,推测其原因应该是大脑健康对人们而言很重要。选项F指出保持大脑健康是追求健康的首要目的,与下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选F

项。2.E上文“Multiplestudiesshowthatphysicallyactivepeoplearelesslikelytoexperienceadeclineintheirmentalfunctionandhavealow

erriskofdevelopingbraindisease.”指出,运动活跃的人患脑部疾病的风险较低。选项E则指出这类人患病风险低的原因是血液循环的增加,前后文构成因果关系,符合语境。故选E项。3.C上文“Havinganapafterlunchcanbegoodf

oryourbrainandmanyseniorshavedevelopedsuchagoodhabitforlong.”指出午休对大脑健康好;下文“Whilea30-minto90-minnaphasbrainbenefits,anythinglongerthana

nhourandahalfmaycreateproblemswithcognition,theabilitytothinkandformmemories.”指出,虽然午睡好,但是超过一个半小时的午睡会导致认知等方面的问题,这说明午睡虽

重要,但要注意时长。选项C正好指出午睡时长很重要,符合语境。故选C项。4.A下文“Yourbrainissimilartoamuscle—youneedtouseitorloseit.Therearemanythingsthatyoucandotokeepyourbraininshape,such

asdoingcrosswordpuzzles,reading,orplayingcards.”指出,大脑也需要通过填字游戏等活动保持其活跃,而大脑活跃就是一种精神层面的活跃。选项A指出要保持精神活跃,与下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选A项。5.G下文

“However,weatleastknowthatomegafattyacidsfoundinoliveoilandotherhealthyfatsarevitalforyourcellstofunctioncorrectly.”指出了已知的一些对大脑

健康有帮助的食物。选项G指出,究竟是饮食中的哪部分对大脑帮助最大还有待进一步研究,而下文却提出了几种已知有帮助的食物,前后文存在转折关系,也用副词However“然而”进行过渡了,上下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选G项。词汇积累:1.(A)givenprep.考虑到2.(A)anniversaryn.

周年纪念(日)3.(B)shiftv.变换,变动4.(B)dramaticallyadv.戏剧性地5.(B)innovationn.创新6.(B)takeon承担,接受7.(B)abandonvt.放弃8.(C

)comparisonn.比较9.(C)trapn.陷阱10.(七选五)nervousadj.神经系统的11.(七选五)agevi.变老12.(七选五)vitaladj.至关重要的熟词生义:1.(A)covern.封面2.(C)measu

revt.估量,判定3.(C)knockvt.打击4.(D)pressvt.榨油长难句分析:Ifyou’recollectingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants,expectthat20percento

fthematerialyougatherwillbewaterandbitsoffriedfood.分析:本句为主从复合句,“Ifyou’recollectingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants”为If引导的条件状语从句;

“that20percentofthematerialyougatherwillbewaterandbitsoffriedfood”为that引导的宾语从句;yougather为定语从句。句意:如果你从餐馆收集用过的食用油,预计你收集的材料中有20%是水和油炸食品的残渣。