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满分练(一)阅读理解+七选五(限时:40分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023福建厦门二模)ACenturyInCirculationTHISYEAR’SANNUALCLASSICSCOLLECTIONispartic

ularlyspecialgivenitisthemagazine’s100thanniversaryyear.Peelingbackthecoversofthethousandsofeditions,publishedinnumerouscountries,anddatingbackt

othefirstissueinFebruary1922,isalwaysataskweenjoydoing.Thiscollectionoffersawiderangeofdifferentsubjects.Eachonewehopewi

llinform,delight,amuseandperhapsevenconfound(使惊讶)ourreaders:fromsteppinginsidetheFrenchartistPierre-AugusteRenoir’sinnercircleoffriends(‘Renoir’sInvi

tationToAParty’,page90),tofindingpeacefromdepressioninasolitarywalkonthebeach(‘TheDayAtTheBeach’,page110)andmeetingacatwhoheldafa

milytogetherastheybegantofallapart(‘APrettyGoodTeacher,ForACat’,page22).Myfavouritearticle,‘Exploits

OfCharles’(page104),iswrittenbyamotherabouttheincreasinglyoddbehaviourofalittleboyinheryoungson’skind

ergartenclass.WhatahandfulthisyoungCharlesprovestobe.Hispoormother!,shethinkstoherself.I’mcertainyou’lle

njoythisamusingandrelatableaccountofasmallboyadjustingtohisnewclassmatesandteacher.Withanendlesssupplyofwonderfulstories,surprisinginsightsande

xperiencestoshare,Reader’sDigestremainsaplacetofindfreshperspectives—andagreatread.Happyreading!LOUISEWATERSONEditor-in-Chief1.Wherecanwer

eadaboutacat?A.Onpage90.B.Onpage110.C.Onpage22.D.Onpage104.2.WhicharticleattractsLouisemost?A.Renoir’sInvitationToAPartyB.TheDayAtTheBeac

hC.APrettyGoodTeacher,ForACatD.ExploitsOfCharles3.Whatisthistext?A.Readers’review.B.Editor’snote.C.Authors’reflection.D.P

ublisher’sacknowledgement.B(2023陕西安康一模)ZhouYouguangwastheinventorofPinyin,aspellingsystemthatconverts(转化)ChinesecharactersintowordswiththeRo

manalphabet.Thesystem,adoptedbyChinain1958,givesreadersanimportanttooltopronouncetheChinesecharactersthattheyareunfamiliarwith.Whileitisnotthefi

rstsystemtoRomanizeChinese,PinyinhasbecomethemostwidelyacceptedtooltoteachalanguagethathasdisparatedialectsindifferentpartsofChina.Beyo

ndChina’sborders,PinyinallowsthestandardizationofChinesenames.Forinstance,it’sabigreasonwhythenameWesternerscommonlyusefort

heChinesecapitalhasshiftedfrom“Peking”to“Beijing”.Andit’swhymanyothersuchnameshavechangeddramaticallyalongwithit.AndyetZhou,themanbehindoneofthemost

importantinnovationsinthe20thcentury,saidhewasunwillingtotakeonthetaskinthemid-1950s.Atthetime,hewasaneconomistand

onlyrecentlyreturnedtoChina.“IsaidIwasanamateurandthatIcouldn’tdothejob,”hetoldtheBBCin2012,laughing.“Buttheysaid,‘It’sane

wjob.Everybodyisanamateur.’Everybodyurgedmetochangeprofessions.SoIdid.In1955,Iabandonedeconomicsandstartedstudyingwritingsystems.”Thecommittee

ledbyZhouspentthreeyearsworkingonitsalphabeticsystem.“Somepeoplemadefunofus,jokingthatithadtakenusalongtimetodealwithjust26letters,”hesaidi

ntheinterview.Otherstookthecommittee’sinventionveryseriously,however.TheChinesegovernmentimmediatelyintroducedPinyininsc

hools.TheinternationalcommunityeventuallyadopteditasthestandardRomanizationforChinesewriting,aswell,withtheUnitedNationsdoingsoin1986.Beforet

heinventionofPinyin,85%ofChinesepeoplecouldnotread.Now,about95%canread.Pinyinhasalsoplayedavitalroleindete

rminingthewaysmobilephonesandcomputersrecognizeChinesecharacters.4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“disparate”inparagraph2?A.Dif

ferent.B.Ugly.C.Standard.D.Understandable.5.WhatdidMr.Zhouprobablystudyinuniversity?A.English.B.Chinese.C.Computer.D.Economics.6.What

canbelearnedaboutPinyin?A.Ithastwenty-sixspellingrules.B.Itwasintroducedinschoolsin1955.C.TheUnitedNationsadopteditin1986.D.I

tisthefirstattempttoRomanizeChinese.7.WhichparagraphmainlyfocusesonthesignificanceofPinyin?A.Paragraph5.B.Paragraph6.C.Par

agraph7.D.Paragraph8.C(2023广东茂名二模)Doyouoftencompareyourselftootherpeople?Comparisonscanhelptomakedecisions

andmotivateyoubuttheycanalsopullyouintoacomparisontrap.Whetherit’sthenumberofgoalsyou’vescoredatfootballorhowmanyboo

ksyou’veread,it’seasytocompareyourselftosomeoneelse.Scientistssayit’sanaturalbehaviourthathelpshumanslearnfromeach

other,livehappilytogetherandachievemore.Althoughcomparingcanbegoodforyou,it’snotalwayshelpfulandyoucanfindyourselfstuckinacompari

sontrap.Thisiswhenyoualwaysmeasureyourselfagainstothersandbaseyourfeelingsonhowwelltheyseemtobedoing.BeckyGoddard-Hillisach

ildtherapist(someonewhohelpschildrenunderstandtheirfeelings)andauthorofCreateYourOwnConfidence.Shesaysthatcomparisonscanm

akeusfeelgoodandbadaboutourselves.“Comparingup”meansseeingsomeonedoingbetterthanyouandusingthattoinspireyourselftoaimhigherandtryharder.Howeve

r,Goddard-Hillsays,“Sometimesitcanmakeyoufeelrubbishaboutyourselfandknockyourconfidence.”“Comparingdo

wn”iswhenyouseesomeonewhoseemslikethey’renotdoingaswellasyou.Thismightmakeyoufeelyou’redoingwell,saysGoddard-Hil

l,butitcanalsostopyouwantingtoimprove.Ifyourfeelingsdependonwhatotherpeoplearedoing,“Surroundyourselfwithcheerleaders,”suggests

Goddard-Hill.Noticehowpeoplemakeyoufeelandspendtimewithfriendswhocelebrateyourstrengthsratherthancomparethemselvestoyou.Ifyoufollowsocial

mediaaccountsthatmakeyoufeelyouarefailinginanyway,unfollowthem.“Findonesthatmakeyoulaughorshowyoulovelyplacesi

nstead,”shesays.Finally,focusonyourownachievementsandhowyoucanimprove.“Thebestpersonyoucancompetewithisyourself,”saysGoddard-Hill.

8.Howdoesacomparisontrapaffectus?A.Itmakesusfocusonourownbehaviour.B.Itstopsusfromlearningfromeachother.C.Itpreventsusfromlivinghappilytogether.

D.Itbasesourfeelingsonothers’achievements.9.What’strueabout“Comparingup”and“Comparingdown”?A.Bothoft

hemusuallyenhanceourconfidence.B.Bothofthemhaveadvantagesanddisadvantages.C.Theformerispositivewhilethelatterisnegativ

e.D.Theformermakesusfeelgoodwhilethelattermakesusfeelbad.10.WhatdoesGoddard-Hillsuggest?A.Aimingtobeourbest.B.Tryingtobethebest.C.Tryi

ngtobeacheerleader.D.Valuingsomeoneelse’sachievements.11.Inwhichsectionofthemagazinecanyoufindthepas

sage?A.Achievement.B.Entertainment.C.Health.D.Politics.D(2023安徽安庆二模)Homemadebiodiesel(生物柴油)helpsyouspeedpastthegasstationtoward

sfuelindependence.OurexpertoutlinesprocessingusedcookingoilinasmallDIYplant.Ifyou’reguidingyourhouseholdtowardsamoreself-suf

ficientlifestyle,maybeyou’dliketoadddo-it-yourselffueltoyourlistofgoals.Biodieselcanbecreatedfromwast

evegetableoiloranimalfats,whichyoucancollectfreefromrestaurants,oryoucangrowsoybeans(大豆)topressyourownoil.Processtheoilwithacoupl

eofchemicalstoproducehomemadefuelthatcanrunanydevice—includingpickups,cars,andhomeheatingsystems.First,findareliablesourceo

frawmaterial.Trysourcingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants,functionalfoodcompanies.Ifyou’replanningtosellyourbiodiesel,beginb

yanalyzingtheavailablerawmaterialsupply,andmakeplanstosizeyouroperationaccordingly.Next,buildyourplant,sizedtoyourrawmaterialsupply.Asmallfam

ilyoperationcanfitinthecornerofagarage,withinthefootprintofasingleparkingspace.Allowenoughspaceforawaterheater,atankforstoringyourincomingfe

edstock,andatankforwashingyourfuel.Forstartersaimtolineupenoughfeedstocktomeetyourfamily’sfuelrequirements.Ifyou’recollectingusedcookingoilfromresta

urants,expectthat20percentofthematerialyougatherwillbewaterandbitsoffriedfood.Waterisnotyourfriendwhenmakingbiodiesel,soyou’llneedtoremoveitbyhea

tingtheoilandallowingthecontaminants(污染物)tosettletothebottombeforeyoupourtheoilofthetop.You’llhavetomakeaplanforgettingridoftheoilywastewater.Ho

mebiodieselproductionisnotwithoutrisks.Makingyourownfuelwillrequiregreatattentiontodetailandsafety.Nowyo

uknowthebasicsofhowtomakebiodiesel,butyou’llneedtoresearchcarefullybeforeyoubeginproduction.12.Wherecanyougetthematerialsofbiodiesel?A.Oi

lplants.B.Variedrestaurants.C.Abandonedgarages.D.Localcompanies.13.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheuseofbiodiese

l?A.Tolerant.B.Positive.C.Unwilling.D.Opposed.14.Whatcanweinferaboutbiodieselproductionfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.

Itneedsenoughwater.B.Itgoeswithoutanyrisks.C.Itrequireslittleattention.D.Itneedstobeimproved.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Someresearchonb

iodiesel.B.Anexperimentonbiodiesel.C.Theimportanceofbiodiesel.D.Onewaytomakebiodiesel.Ⅱ.七选五(2023四川成都三诊)Thehumanbrain

isthecommandcentreforthenervoussystemandenablesthoughts,memory,movementandemotions.1Asthepopulationages,thechalle

ngesforthepreservationofbrainhealthincrease.Itisthereforevitalforseniorstounderstandhowtoprotectit.Exer

ciseregularly.Regularphysicalexercisetendstohelpfightagainstthenaturalreductioninbrainconnectionsthatoccurduringaging.Multiplestudiesshowthatphysica

llyactivepeoplearelesslikelytoexperienceadeclineintheirmentalfunctionandhavealowerriskofdevelopingbraindisease.2Havea“right”nap.Havinganapaf

terlunchcanbegoodforyourbrainandmanyseniorshavedevelopedsuchagoodhabitforlong.3Whilea30-minto90-minnaphas

brainbenefits,anythinglongerthananhourandahalfmaycreateproblemswithcognition,theabilitytothinkandformmemories.4Yourbrainissimilartoamusc

le—youneedtouseitorloseit.Therearemanythingsthatyoucandotokeepyourbraininshape,suchasdoingcrosswordpuzzles,reading,orplayingcards.Y

oucanalsolearnsomethingnewsuchasmusicalinstruments,drawing,orevendigitaldevices.Combinedifferenttypesofactivitiestoincreasetheeffectiveness.EataMed

iterraneandiet.StudiesshowpeoplewhocloselyfollowaMediterraneandietarelesslikelytohavebraindiseasethanpeop

lewhodon’tfollowthediet.5However,weatleastknowthatomegafattyacidsfoundinoliveoilandotherhealthyfatsarevitalfo

ryourcellstofunctioncorrectly.A.Staymentallyactive.B.Explorenewinterestsifpossible.C.Butkeepinmindthatthelengthmatters.D.Yourdiet

playsalargeroleinyourbrainhealth.E.Thebenefitsresultfromincreasedbloodcirculation.F.Maintainingahealthybrainistheprimarygoalinpursuing

health.G.Furtherresearchisneededtodecidewhichpartsofthediethelpbrainthemost.答案：Ⅰ.A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章是一本杂志的编者注。1.C细节理解题。根据

第二段中的“Eachonewehopewillinform,delight,amuseandperhapsevenconfoundourreaders:from...andmeetingacatwhoheldafamilytogether

astheybegantofallapart(‘APrettyGoodTeacher,ForAcat’,page22).”可知,我们在第22页可以读到一只猫的故事。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Myfavouritearticle,‘ExploitsOfCharles’(page104)

,iswrittenbyamotherabouttheincreasinglyoddbehaviourofalittleboyinheryoungson’skindergartenclass.”可知,《

查尔斯的事迹》最吸引露易丝。3.B推理判断题。通读全文,根据第一段中的“THISYEAR’SANNUALCLASSICSCOLLECTIONisparticularlyspecialgivenitisthemagazine’s100thanniversaryyear.

”等内容,以及文章结尾落款“Editor-in-Chief(主编)”可知,本文是一本杂志的编者注。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。周有光老人在文中回顾了拼音方案出台前后的一些鲜为人知的细节。4.A词义猜测题

。根据画线词下文“dialectsindifferentpartsofChina”及常识可知,不同地区的方言是不同的。由此可知,画线词disparate与different(不同的)意思一致。故选A项

。5.D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Everybodyurgedmetochangeprofessions.SoIdid.In1955,Iabandonedeconomicsandstartedstu

dyingwritingsystems.”可知,周有光在大学里学的很可能是经济学。故选D项。6.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theinternationalcommunityeventually

adopteditasthestandardRomanizationforChinesewriting,aswell,withtheUnitedNationsdoingsoin1986.”可知,联合国于1986年采用了拼音。故

选C项。7.D主旨大意题。根据第八段“BeforetheinventionofPinyin,85%ofChinesepeoplecouldnotread.Now,about95%canread.Pinyinhasalsoplayedavitalr

oleindeterminingthewaysmobilephonesandcomputersrecognizeChinesecharacters.”可知,选项给出的这四段中,只有第八段讲的是发明拼音的意义:提高国民识字率、有利于数字化技术普及。故选D项。C[语篇解读]本文

是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在生活中,我们经常容易陷入比较陷阱,从而影响自己。专家建议我们要关注自己,和自己比较。8.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Althoughcomparingcanbegoodforyou,it’snotalwayshelpfulandyoucan

findyourselfstuckinacomparisontrap.Thisiswhenyoualwaysmeasureyourselfagainstothersandbaseyourfeelingsonhowwelltheyseemtobedoing.”可知,比较陷阱会让我们总是把自己的感受建

立在别人的成就上。9.B推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“‘Comparingup’meansseeingsomeonedoingbetterthanyouandusingthattoinspireyour

selftoaimhigherandtryharder.However,...well,saysGoddard-Hill,butitcanalsostopyouwantingtoimprove.”可知,攀比和比差都既有优点又有缺点。10.A推理判断题。根据文

章最后一段中的“Finally,focusonyourownachievementsandhowyoucanimprove.‘Thebestpersonyoucancompetewithisyourself,’s

aysGoddard-Hill.”可知,BeckyGoddard-Hill建议我们与自己竞争,力争做最好的自己就好。11.C推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“BeckyGoddard-Hillisachildtherapist(someonewhohelpschildrenund

erstandtheirfeelings)andauthorofCreateYourOwnConfidence.Shesaysthatcomparisonscanmakeusfeelgoodandbadaboutourselves.”可知,文章主

要讲述的是比较会让我们陷入比较陷阱,从而产生心理问题,所以这篇文章选自健康专栏。D[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一种加工废食用油的DIY的方法。12.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Biodieselcanbecreatedf

romwastevegetableoiloranimalfats,whichyoucancollectfreefromrestaurants,oryoucangrowsoybeans(大豆)topressyour

ownoil.”可知,生物柴油需要的材料可以从餐馆免费收集获得。13.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Processtheoilwithacoupleofchemicalstoproducehomemadefuelthatcanrunanydevice

—includingpickups,cars,andhomeheatingsystems.”可知,作者对于生物柴油的使用是乐观的,积极的。14.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Waterisnotyourfriendwhenmakingbi

odiesel,soyou’llneedtoremoveitbyheatingtheoilandallowingthecontaminants(污染物)tosettletothebottombeforeyoupourtheoilofthetop.”可知,制造生物柴油时,不需

要水,选项A错误;根据最后一段“Homebiodieselproductionisnotwithoutrisks.Makingyourownfuelwillrequiregreatattentiontodetailandsafety.No

wyouknowthebasicsofhowtomakebiodiesel,butyou’llneedtoresearchcarefullybeforeyoubeginproduction.”可知,家用生物柴油的生产有一定的风险,选项B错误;制造自己的燃料需要非常注意细节,选项C错误;

在开始生产之前你需要仔细研究生产过程,即说明这种方法需要改进。故选D项。15.D主旨大意题。通读全文,根据第一段“Homemadebiodiesel(生物柴油)helpsyouspeedpastthegasstationtowardsfuelindependence.Ou

rexpertoutlinesprocessingusedcookingoilinasmallDIYplant.”同时结合第三段中描述DIY的过程,可知,本文主要介绍一种加工废食用油的DIY的方法。Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了一些保持大脑健康的小措施。1.F下文“Asthepo

pulationages,thechallengesforthepreservationofbrainhealthincrease.Itisthereforevitalforseniorstounderstandhowtoprotectit.”指出保护大脑健康至关重要,推测其原因应该是

大脑健康对人们而言很重要。选项F指出保持大脑健康是追求健康的首要目的,与下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选F项。2.E上文“Multiplestudiesshowthatphysicallyactivepeoplearelesslikelytoexperienceadeclineint

heirmentalfunctionandhavealowerriskofdevelopingbraindisease.”指出,运动活跃的人患脑部疾病的风险较低。选项E则指出这类人患病风险低的原因是血液循环的增加,前后文构成因果关系,符合语境。故选E项。3.C上文“Havingana

pafterlunchcanbegoodforyourbrainandmanyseniorshavedevelopedsuchagoodhabitforlong.”指出午休对大脑健康好;下文“Whilea30-minto90-minnaphasbrainbene

fits,anythinglongerthananhourandahalfmaycreateproblemswithcognition,theabilitytothinkandformmemories.”指出,虽然午睡好,但是超过

一个半小时的午睡会导致认知等方面的问题,这说明午睡虽重要,但要注意时长。选项C正好指出午睡时长很重要,符合语境。故选C项。4.A下文“Yourbrainissimilartoamuscle—youneedtouseitorloseit.Therearemanythingsthat

youcandotokeepyourbraininshape,suchasdoingcrosswordpuzzles,reading,orplayingcards.”指出,大脑也需要通过填字游戏等活动保持其活跃,而大脑活跃就是一种精神层面的活跃。选项A指

出要保持精神活跃,与下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选A项。5.G下文“However,weatleastknowthatomegafattyacidsfoundinoliveoilandotherhealthyfatsarevitalforyou

rcellstofunctioncorrectly.”指出了已知的一些对大脑健康有帮助的食物。选项G指出,究竟是饮食中的哪部分对大脑帮助最大还有待进一步研究,而下文却提出了几种已知有帮助的食物,前后文存在转折关系,也用副词However“然而”进行过渡了,上下文联系紧密,符合语境

。故选G项。词汇积累:1.(A)givenprep.考虑到2.(A)anniversaryn.周年纪念(日)3.(B)shiftv.变换,变动4.(B)dramaticallyadv.戏剧性地5.(B)innovationn.创新6.(B)takeon承担,接受7.(B)abandon

vt.放弃8.(C)comparisonn.比较9.(C)trapn.陷阱10.(七选五)nervousadj.神经系统的11.(七选五)agevi.变老12.(七选五)vitaladj.至关重要的熟词生义:1.(A)covern.封面2.(C)measurevt.估量,判定3.

(C)knockvt.打击4.(D)pressvt.榨油长难句分析:Ifyou’recollectingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants,expectthat20percentofthematerialyougatherwi

llbewaterandbitsoffriedfood.分析:本句为主从复合句,“Ifyou’recollectingusedcookingoilfromrestaurants”为If引导的条件状语从句;“

that20percentofthematerialyougatherwillbewaterandbitsoffriedfood”为that引导的宾语从句;yougather为定语从句。句意:如果你从餐馆收集用过的食用油,预计你收集的材料中有2

0%是水和油炸食品的残渣。