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SectionBGrammarandusage&Integratedskills课后篇素养形成必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.Onefunny(observe)aboutaprobleminyourlifecanbefunny.(2020·江苏卷)答案observation2.Scientistsi

nLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopay(hunt)$5atail.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)答案hunters3.Itwashislongabsencefromworkwithou

tpermissionthatdelayedhis(promote).答案promotion4.Hewassatisfiedwithhis(earn)asanaccountant.答案earnings5.Themajorgoalof

understandinghistoryistopreserve(nation)traditions.答案nationalⅡ.完成句子1.既然你对传统中国文化感兴趣,我想这个节日对你来说将是一次非常值得的经历。Nowthatyouareinterestedintraditional

Chinesecultures,Ithinkthisfestivalforyou.答案wouldbeaworthwhileexperience2.彼得刚要离开办公室,这时电话铃响了。Petertheofficethetelephonerang.答案wasabout

toleave;when3.玛丽告诉我们,如果下雨的话,她就不和我们一起去了。Marytoldusthatsheifitrained.答案wouldnotgowithus4.他保证不会再犯同样的错误。Hepromisedheagain.答案wouldnotmakethesamemistake

5.当你昨天给我打电话时,我正要锁上门离开。Ithedoorandleavewhenyoucalledmeyesterday.答案wasgoing/abouttolock关键能力提升练Ⅲ.七选五ThefirstWorldFriendshipDaywasprop

osedforJuly30,1958bytheWorldFriendshipCrusade,aninternationalcivilorganizationtofosteracultureofpeacethroughfriendship.1Ju

stasintheUSandseveralothercountries,thefestivalhasbeengreatlycommercialized(商业化).Daysbeforethefestival,cardandgiftcompanieslaunchalargecamp

aign(活动)toattractpeopleintobuyingcardsandgiftsfortheirfriends.Streetsandstoresarefilledwithadvertisingprogramsaimedatyoungpeople.2Thismar

ketingstrategy(策略)hasbeenseverelycriticized(批判)bymanypeople.ManyfeelthatsuchcrazycommercializationhasdamagedthemeaningofFriendshipDay.3especiallythep

inkandyellowones.Thedayisobservedwithgreatpleasureandmerry.Ahighlypopularthingconnectedwiththedayisthewell-knownfriendshipband

—themoderndaysymboloffriendshipthatfriendsgivetooneanothertoformaneverlastingbond.Friendshipbandsarethefavor

iteitemsforyoungstersandavailableinstoresalloverthecountry.FriendshippoemsandFriendshipDaygiftsareexchangedbetweenbestfriend

storenewthebondoffriendshipandexpressgratitudeandloveforeachother.4Sinceitsbeginningin1935,FriendshipDaycelebrationshavecome

alongway.5FriendshipDayremainsthetimewhenyouacknowledgeyourfriends’contributioninyourlife,expresslovefo

rthem,cherishtheirpresenceinyourlifeandpaythemasalute.Today,FriendshipDayisbeingcelebratedaroundtheglobe,acrossdiverseculturesandsocialperi

ods.A.ThepopularcustomsofFriendshipDayincludehandingoverroses,B.Theideaofhonoringfriendshipwasadoptedbyafewcountriesin

Asia.C.Restaurantsofferspecialdiscountstomakethemostofthetimeaswell.D.Thesedays,however,itiscelebratedwit

halotofshowingoffandexpenses.E.Thesearenewwaysofcelebrationofthisdaythathavegrowninpopularity.F.Theoriginalideaforadayoffrien

dshipcamefromHallmarkcardsinthe1930s.G.Buthowevermuchthewaysofcelebrationhavechanged,thebasicideabehindtheoccasionremainsthesame.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一

篇说明文。今天,世界各地不同文化和社会时期的人们都在庆祝友谊日。文章介绍了世界友谊日的来历及发展。1.D根据下文“JustasintheUSandseveralothercountries,thefestivalhasbe

engreatlycommercialized.”可知,现在世界友谊日被极大地商业化了。故选D项。2.C根据上文“Streetsandstoresarefilledwithadvertisingprogramsaimedatyou

ngpeople.”可知,此处列举各种营销策略,aswell是解题的关键。故选C项。3.A根据下文“especiallythepinkandyellowones”(尤其是粉红色和黄色的)以及此处是半句,选项中只有A项不是完整句子,可

以补全这个句子,故选A项。4.E根据上文“Friendshipbands...loveforeachother.”可知,此处在介绍一些庆祝友谊日的新方式。故选E项。5.G根据上文“Sinceitsbeginningin1

935,FriendshipDaycelebrationshavecomealongway.”及下文“FriendshipDayremainsthetime...andpaythemasalute.”可知,G项与上

句构成转折关系。故选G项。Ⅳ.完形填空Intermsoftheoriginaldataineveryway,theChineseNewYear—SpringFestivalisthelargesthumaneventontheplanet.Inthese

ven1oftheLunarNewYear,Chineseareexpectedto2morethan$100billiononeatingandshopping.Moreover,Chinesepredictablybuyrailwayticketsonline3arateofmorethan1

,000persecond.It’s4millionsofChinesepeoplegohomefortheSpringFestivalduring“chunyun”.Allthese5takeplaceatthistime.Authoritiesexpecttravel

erstomake356milliontripsby6duringthisyear’s“chunyun”period.Takingthestrainforthetransportationis7China’

shigh-speedrailwaynetwork,now8to20,000kilometers—theworld’slongest.China’stotalrailnetwork9morethan121,000kil

ometers,thesecondlargestintheworldaftertheUnitedStates.The“chunyun”phenomenonisn’tjustawonderoflogistic

s(物流),italsoshowshowmodernChinaischanging.Trainsarepackedwiththousandsofsnoozing(打盹)10,reflectingeducationreformsthathavegreatly11thenumberofuniver

sityplacesoverthepastdecade.12dressedofficegirlsinhighheelscanbeseenpickingtheirwaythrough13ontheirwayhome,whichisaproductofthema

ssmigrationofruralpeopletoChina’scoastalcitiesinsearchof14jobsinserviceindustriesandfactories.ManyofChina’snewmiddlecl

asseswillchoosetodriveprivatecarsandtrafficjamisnowa(n)15featureoftheholidayperiod.Manyothers,however,willchoosetoescapetheconfusionaltogeth

erandtakeavacationabroad—anoptionforthenewgenerationinChina.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国的春运创世界之奇迹,也是中国人津津乐道的话题。1.A.daysB.w

eeksC.monthsD.years答案A解析根据上文的“theChineseNewYear—SpringFestival”和下文的“theLunarNewYear”可推断,此处指的是春节期间的“七天”(假期),故用days。A项正确。2.A.costB.spendC.takeD.pay答案B

解析由下文介词on即可判断,此处应填入spend,构成spendsomemoneyondoingsth。B项正确。3.A.forB.onC.toD.at答案D解析此处考查固定短语atarateof...,意为“以……的速度”。D项正确。4.A.whyB.whereC.wh

enD.how答案C解析根据下文的“fortheSpringFestivalduring‘chunyun’”即可分析,此处指的是时间,故用连接词when引导表语从句。C项正确。5.A.privilegesB.journeysC.organizationsD.wonders答案D解析

由第三段中的“justawonderoflogistics”可知,此处应填入wonders与之呼应。privilege“特殊利益”,journey“旅行”,organization“组织”,wonder“奇迹”。D项正确。6.A.a

irB.seaC.railD.road答案C解析由下文语境和关键信息句“TakingthestrainforthetransportationisChina’shigh-speedrailwaynetwork”可知,此处应用

byrail“乘火车出行”。C项正确。7.A.differentlyB.mainlyC.clearlyD.frequently答案B解析结合上一句分析,春运的主要交通工具还是中国高铁。differently“不同地”,mainly“主要地”,clearly“清晰地”,frequently

“频繁地”。B项正确。8.A.increasedB.resistedC.promotedD.opposed答案A解析由下文“theworld’slongest”可知,此处强调“如今中国高铁已增长至2万千米”。increase“增长”,resist“抵制”,promote“提升”,oppose“反

对”。A项正确。9.A.controlsB.reachesC.aimsD.shoots答案B解析由下文的“thesecondlargestintheworldaftertheUnitedStates”可知,此处指中国铁路网总长度达到12.1万千米,故

用reach“增加到,提升到(某一水平、速度等)”。B项正确。10.A.leadersB.workersC.studentsD.colleagues答案C解析由下文的“thenumberofuniversityplaces”可知,此处表示

火车上挤满了成千上万打盹的学生,故用students。C项正确。11.A.declinedB.expandedC.failedD.started答案B解析结合上一句可推断,此处表示中国教育改革极大地增加了大学入学名额,故用expand“扩展,增加”。B项正确。12.A.Grat

efullyB.ImpatientlyC.PracticallyD.Beautifully答案D解析由关键信息词“dressedofficegirlsinhighheels”可知,此处指姑娘们打扮漂亮时髦。gratefully“感激地”,impatiently“不耐烦地”,p

ractically“实际上地”,beautifully“漂亮地”。D项正确。13.A.playgroundsB.streetsC.fieldsD.stations答案C解析由下文的“themassmigrationofruralpeopletoChina’scoastalcities”可知,

此处表示在回乡村老家的路上小心走过田地,故用fields。C项正确。14.A.better-paidB.well-doneC.helplessD.fearless答案A解析由语境“toChina’scoastalcitiesinsearchof...jobs”并结合常识可知,

他们应该是为找到薪酬更为优厚的工作而大规模迁移到中国沿海城市,故用形容词better-paid,表示“薪酬更为优厚的”。A项正确。15.A.regularB.strangeC.importantD.ne

cessary答案A解析结合语境和常识可知,此处表示交通堵塞也已成为节假日期间的常见现象,故用regular。A项正确。Ⅴ.语篇填空TheSpringFestival,also1.(call)theChineseNewYear,isoneofthetraditi

onalfestivalsinChina.Ithas2.longhistoryandisvery3.(importance)forChinesepeople.ThecomingoftheSpringFestivalmeanstheoldye

arcomestoanendandthenewyearbegins.BeforetheSpringFestival,peopleclean4.(they)housesanddecoratedoorsandwindo

wswithpaper-cuts.5.NewYear’sEve,familymembersgettogetherandhaveabigdinnertocelebratethefestivalby6.(eat)dumplings

.NotonlyadultsliketheSpringFestival7.alsochildrenlikeitverymuch.Becauseonthatday,childrencanwearnewclothesandwatchdragonandliond

ancesonthestreet.Moreimportantly,theycan8.(give)luckymoneybygrandparents,parentsandotherrelatives.Besidesthesetraditional9.

(active),peopleinrecentyearshavepreferredtotravelaroundduringtheseven-dayholiday,10.maybringmorefuntothewholefamily.答案与解析【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的春节,它是中国的传统节日之一。人们会有各种各样的活动,每个家庭在春节时都是其乐融融的。1.called考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是is,call不是谓语动词,Sprin

gFestival和call之间为被动关系,应使用过去分词。故填called。2.a考查冠词。表示“一段悠久的历史”,应使用不定冠词,long是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。3.important考查形容词。动词is后面用形容词作表语,i

mportance(重要)是名词,它的形容词是important(重要的)。故填important。4.their考查代词。句子主语是people,代替people作houses的定语,应使用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。5.On考查

介词。除夕只是一天,在具体某一天要用介词on。故填on。6.eating考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动词-ing形式作宾语。故填eating。7.but考查固定结构。固定结构notonly...butalso...意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。8.begiven

考查动词语态。主语they指的是children,它和谓语动词give之间为被动关系。故填begiven。9.activities考查名词的数。介词besides后接名词作宾语,traditional修饰名词作定语,activ

e的名词是activity,它是可数名词,此处需要变复数。故填activities。10.which考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,应使用关系代词引导定语从句,指代前面整句话的内容,有逗号隔开的是非限制性定语从句,所以用which。故填wh

ich。