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三言两语1.Inourhomeoffice，anyonecaughtdoingsomethingharmfultotheenvironmentmightbepunished.2．It'simpossibleforhimtopassthedrivingtestthistime.

3．Itseemssuchapitythatyoushouldhavetospendthedayatthehotel.1.作为学生，我们应当通过努力学习而非考试作弊来取得好成绩。Asstudents，weshouldtrytog

etgoodresultsbystudyinghardrather_than_cheating_in_exams.2．据说他们已研发了一种新的教学方法，这种方法注定会大大提高课堂效果。Theyare_said_to_have_developedanewapproachtoteachin

gwhichisboundtoimproveclassroomteachinggreatly.[单词拼写应用]核心单词1．abusevt.滥用2．toleratevt.容忍3．postponevt.推迟，延期4．prohibi

tvt.禁止5．foreseevt.预见6．underlinevt.表明重要性；强调7．temporaryadj.临时的；短暂的8．circumstancen．情形，情况9．seekvt.寻找10．declinevi.下降11．digestvi.消化；理解12．doubtfulad

j.可疑的；不肯定的13．opposevt.反对；对抗14．urbanadj.城市的；市区的15．unitevi.团结；联合；统一16．pausen．暂停；停顿17．routinen.日常工作；常规18．thoroughadj.彻底

的；细致的19．faithn.信心20．fortunen.大笔财产，巨款21．submitvt.提交，递交22．concernn.担心；担忧[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Certainoccupationshave_declined(decline

)overallinrecentyears.2．Thegamehasbeenpostponed(postpone)threetimes.3．Theywereaccusedofabusing(abuse)theirpowertokeeppricesartificiallyhig

h.4．Heseemstobeineasycircumstances(circumstance)sincehehadhispayincrease.5．Hadweforeseen(foresee)that，wewouldnothavelethimgo.6．Theysought(see

k)invainforsomewheretoshelter.拓展单词1．robvt.使丧失；抢劫→robbern．强盗→robberyn．盗窃2．opposevt.反对→oppositionn．反方；对立面→oppos

iteadj.相反的；对面的→opposedadj.反对的3．violatevt.违反；违背→violentadj.猛烈的→violencen．暴力4．faithn．信心→faithfuladj.忠诚的；

忠实的→faithfullyadv.忠诚地5．equipvt.使有准备→equipmentn．设备；装备6．fortunen．大笔钱财，巨款；运气→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地7．extendv．延

长→extensionn．延期8．concernn．担心；担忧→concernedadj.关心的；担忧的→concerningprep.关于；有关[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式或所给提示填空。1．Wearever

yconcernedaboutourcompany'splansconcerningthenewposition.(concern)2．Iwasveryfortunatetoseethis，butinawayIcreatedthisfortuneasIwasalwayso

utthere.(fortune)3．Inordertoequipthemedicalequipmentreasonably，therentcenterwasfoundedinourhospitalin2002.(equip)4．T

hisfaithmadethemfaithfultocarryouttheinstructions.(faith)5．Achildgrowingupinaviolentenvironmentlearnsviolenceandmayactviolentlytowardshisow

nchildren.(violent)6．Importlicenseisonlyallowedtoextendonceandtheextensionisnomorethan3months.(extend)7．Thestudentsliv

ingfarawayfromtheschoolwerestronglyopposedtotheplan.Theiroppositionpreventedtheplanfrombeingcarriedout.(oppose)8．Severalrobbersrobbedtheb

ankofanenormoussumofmoney，makingthelargestrobberyofthiscityinthelastdecade.Buttheyweresooncaughtbythepolice.(rob)阅读单词1．circulatevt.循环2．mi

neraln．矿物3．supremeadj.最高的，极度的4．compulsoryadj.强制性的；义务的5．violatevt.违反，违背6．privilegedadj.荣幸的7．catervi.满足，迎合8．ampleadj.充

足的，充裕的9．storagen．储存10．statisticsn．统计资料；统计数字11．symptomn.症状12．terminaladj.致命的；晚期的_13．minimumn.最低，最小14．deadline

n．截止日期，最后日期1．(江苏卷)．..，thetimeyouwillspendintherestaurantstillcostsyousomethingintermsofforgoneopportunities.以牺牲……为代价2．①Hepaused

，waitingforhertodigesttheinformation.领悟②Theorganizationpublishesaregulardigestofenvironmentalstatisics.文摘，摘要3．Wehadtodeclinet

heinvitationtovisitourfriendsinanotherday.谢绝[短语多维应用]高频短语1.wipe_out彻底毁灭2．at_random随便地，随意地3．at_all_costs不管多大代价，无论如何4．cater_

to满足；迎合5．straight_away立刻，马上6．miss_out遗漏，遗忘；错过机会7．focus_on聚焦；集中；对准[语境运用]选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Asasinger，hewon't①cater_totheliste

ners.Heonly②focuses_onhistruefeelings，sohewon'twriteandsingsongs③at_random.Becauseofthis，hemay④miss_outmanygoodchancesofmakingmoney.

Buthewillsticktoit⑤at_all_costs.8.clear_up整理；解释；澄清9．in_despair绝望10．be_responsible_for对……负责任11．get_down_to开始做12．at_any_rate无论如何；至少

13．bring_up教育；抚养；呕吐14．stop_sth.in_its_track终止；[语境运用]选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。MygoodfriendMarydidn'tgetthroughtheCollegeEntranceExamination，whichmadeh

erandherdisabledparents⑥in_despair.Sheknewitwasnoteasyforherparentsto⑦bringherup.Soshewould⑧get_down_togoingoverherles

sons.Shetoldmesheshould消灭⑨be_responsible_fornotonlyherselfbutalsoherparents.[句式结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.不定式作主语Itiscompulsoryforwinnerstobetestedbut

otherparticipantsareonlytestedatrandom.他不可能解除契约对自己的束缚。It_is_impossible_for_himtogetoffthecontract.2.ratherthan而不是，与其……不如……TheOlympicspirit—thespirito

fcompetitionwhichemphasisestakingpartratherthanwinning—hasbeenviolatedbythedesiretosucceedatallcosts.大多数人愿意买房子而不愿意租房子。Mostpeoplepref

er_to_buytheirownhomesrather_thanrentthem.3.sb./sth.bebelievedto...Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18mo

nths，withatendencytostriketheyoungandfitratherthantheold，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostacuteepidemicinhis

tory.据说这本书已译成了几种语言。Thebookissaidto_have_been_translatedintoseverallanguages.1．postponevt.推迟；延期postponesth

.推迟某事物；使某事物推迟postponedoingsth.推迟做某事bepostponedfor...(时间)被推迟了……postponesth.to/until...推迟到……postponethemeetingtonextwee

k会议延期至下星期postponemakingadecision推迟做决定[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Ourschoolhasdecidedtopostponeholding(hold)thesportsmee

tingbecauseoftheheavyrain.②ThematchwaspostponedtothefollowingSaturdaybecauseofbadweather.③Let'spostponetomakeadecisionuntilwehavemoreinformat

ion.to_make→making[链接写作]——词汇升级(普通表达)IshallputoffmakingadecisiontillIlearnfullparticulars.(高级表达)Ishallpostpo

ne_making_a_decisiontillIlearnfullparticulars.2．opposevt.&vi.反对；反抗(1)opposedoingsth.反对做某事opposesb'sdoingsth.反对某人做某事(

2)opposedadj.相反的；对立的beopposedto(doing)sth.反对(做)某事；与(做)某事对立opposetheplan反对这个计划opposeplayingcomputergames反对打电脑游戏[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①MostAme

ricanswereopposedtoSyriawar.②Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedtofeeding(feed)ababyregularly.③Sheisverymuchopposedtoyourgoing(go)abroad.④Allthememb

erspresentopposedtochangethelaw.to_change→changing[链接写作]——一句多译我反对星期天购物，因为太拥挤了。①Ioppose_going_shoppingonSundaysforitist

oocrowded.(oppose)②Iam_opposed_to_going_shoppingonSundaysforitistoocrowded.(opposed)③Iobject_to_going_shoppingonSundaysfor

itistoocrowded.(object)④Iam_against_going_shoppingonSundaysforitistoocrowded.(against)3．prohibitvt.禁止，阻止(1)prohibit(doing)st

h.禁止(做)某事(2)prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.prohibitsb'sdoingsth.禁止某人做某事prohibitsmoking禁止吸烟prohibitvisitorsfromfeedingtheanimals禁止游客投喂动物[基础练习]——单句

语法填空/单句改错①Weareprohibitedfromdrinking(drink)duringworkinghours.②Smokingis_prohibited(prohibit)intheofficebuilding.③H

issmallsizeprohibitshimbecoming(become)apoliceman.④Itiswisetoprohibitstudentsplayingwithsmartphones.playing前加from[链接写作]——词汇升级(普通表达)Somepeopleth

inkthatit'snecessarytoprevent/stop/keeppeoplefromusingmobilephonesinsomeplaces.(高级表达)Somepeoplethinkthatit'snecessarytoprohibit_people's

_usingmobilephonesinsomeplaces.(高级表达)Somepeoplethinkthatit'snecessarytoprohibit_people_from_usingmobilephonesinsomeplaces.4．toleratevt.容忍

，忍受(1)tolerate(doing)sth.容忍(做)某事(2)tolerancen．容忍；宽容havenotoleranceof/forsb./sth.不能容忍某人/某事物(3)tolerantadj.宽容的；容忍的betolerantof/t

owardssb./sth.忍受、宽容某人/某事tolerateothers容忍别人can'ttoleratebeingscolded不能容忍被责怪[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Theschoolcannottoleratecheating

(cheat)inexams.②Shehadnotoleranceforjokesofanykind.③Perhapsyouneedtobemoretolerantwithyourneighbors.with→to/towards[链接写作]——一句多译我不能容忍被嘲笑。①Ican'ttolera

te_being_made_fun_of.(tolerate)②Ican'tbear/stand_being_made_fun_of.(bear/stand)③Ican'tput_up_with_being_made_fun_of.(putupwit

h)5.submitvt.提交；递交vi.&vt.服从，屈服submit...to...把……提交给……；向……提出submitsb./oneselfto使某人/自己甘受，服从submitto服从于，屈服于submitanap

plication呈递申请书submittoquestioning接受询问[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Hesubmittedthereportonthemattertothecommittee.②We'llsubmitourselves(u

s)tothecourt'sjudgement.③Isubmitthatthetermsareentirelyunreasonable.④Werejectedhissubmission(submit)thatthisbedoneatonce.⑤Hesubmittedhim

toasearchbytheguards.him→himself[链接写作]——完成句子学生必须服从学校的纪律。Thestudentsmustsubmit_themselves_tothedisciplinesatschool

.6．seek(sought，sought)vt.寻找，寻求；追求；探求；探索；试图seeksth.fromsb.向某人请求/寻求某物seekafter/forsb.(sth.)寻求某人(某物)seekone'sfortune寻找成功(致富)的机会seekout找出；

寻出seektodosth.试图做某事seekadvice征求意见seekforamissingpen寻找丢失的钢笔seekaftertheideal追求理想[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Weareseekingto_attain(at

tain)themostadvancedtechnologylevelintheworld.②Whydomodernpeopleseekaftermaterialpossessions?③Thecouplehavesoughthelpformarri

ageguidancecounsellors.for→from[链接写作]——完成句子他早年到外国去闯天下。Inearlyyouthhewenttoseek_his_fortune_in_a_foreign_country.7．e

quipvt.装备，配备(1)equipsb./sth.todosth.使某人/某物具备条件做某事equipsb./sth.withsth.用某物装备某人/某物equipfor...为……做准备beequippedwith配备有……(表示状态)(2

)equipmentn．装备；器材；装置wellequipped装备优良equipsb.forajob使某人具备做某项工作的条件equiptheworkshopwithmodernmachines用现代化机器来装备车间[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Theyareequippingthe

mselvesforajourney.②Pleaseequipyourselfwithapencilandarubberfortheexam.③Afirst-aidkitisanecessarypieceofequipment(equ

ip)forpeoplewhentraveling.④Weprovide2-persontentsandbasiccookingandcampingequipments.equipments→equipment[链接写作]——完成句子为了保持双脚干爽舒适，这种新的鞋子配有微型风扇

。Tokeepthefeetdryandcomfortable，thisnewkindofshoesis_equipped_withamicro-fan.8．declinevi.&vt.下降；衰退；谢绝n.

下降；衰退(1)declinetodosth.婉拒做某事declinein/ofsth.在某方面减少/下降(2)onthedecline走下坡路；在衰退中fall/gointo(a)decline开始衰落，陷入衰退declineby10%减少了10%declinewithth

anks婉言谢绝asharpdeclineinpopulation人口急剧下降[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Ididn'tknowwhytheboydeclinedto_answer(answer)aquestion.②Therehasbeenasharpdeclin

ein/ofprofitsthisyear.③Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10percentlastmonth.④Thenumberofpeoplewhoruntheredlighthasbeeninthedeclinesince

thenewtrafficregulationscameintoeffect.in→on[链接写作]——完成句子不过互联网并非是旅游指南走下坡路的唯一原因。ButtheInternetisnottheonlyreasonthatguidebooksare_in

_decline.(declinen．)9．fortunen．财产；大笔钱；机会；运气(1)makeafortune发财bygood/badfortune幸运/不幸地havegood/badfortunetodo..

.有幸/不幸做……(2)befortunatetodosth./indoingsth.在……方面运气好tryone'sfortune碰运气seekone'sfortune外出寻找发财的机会[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①F

ortunately(fortune)therainstoppedbeforewestarted.②Youarefortunate_(fortune)tohavesuchareasonablefather.③CentralLondonisfortunateinhavesom

anylargeparksandopenspaces.have→having[链接写作]——完成句子你不努力，机遇是不会来的。Ifyoudon'tworkhard，no_fortune_will_come.10．atanyrate无论如何；不管怎样；反正，至少atthis/thatrate照

此情形；如此下去atthe/arateof以……的速度或比率；以……的价格atahighrate以高价ahighrateofunemployment高失业率[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Wemaymissthenextbus，bu

tatanyratewe'llgethomeontime.②Atthis/thatrate，wewillsoonbebankrupt.③Ourmoneywasrunningoutinanalarmingrate.in→a

t[链接写作]——完成句子世界能源的需求量正以每年百分之三的速度递增。Worldenergydemandisincreasingat_a_rate_of_about_3%_per_year.(atarateof)11．wipeout彻底毁灭；全部摧毁wipeaway

擦去；揩去；消除wipeoff擦掉；除掉wipeup擦干，擦掉(落下的某物或溅出的液体等)wipesth.down/wipedownsth.(用湿布)彻底擦干净[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thedirtonthefloorisnoteasytowipea

way.②Wouldyoupleasewipethedustoffthetable?[链接写作]——完成句子你最好把地板上的牛奶擦干净，免得滑倒人。You'dbetterwipe_up_the_milkonthefloor

beforesomeoneslipsinit.(wipeup)12．atallcosts不惜代价地，无论如何(1)atthecost/expenseof...丧失，牺牲；以……为代价atacostof...以……的费用/价格atanycost以任何代价(2)cost

sb.sth.花某人……，使某人付出/丧失[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Don'tgiveintotheirdemandsatthecostofyourown.②Heboughtacomputeratacostof5,000yuan

.③Thisisthelowestprice.Wearesellingatcostalready.④ItellyouingoodfaiththatIwanttogetthissetofstampsatanycosts.costs→cost[链接写作

]——完成句子这项工作是如此重要，以至于我们必须不惜一切代价按时完成。Theworkissoimportantthatwe_must_finish_it_on_time_at_all_costs.13．(教材P34)_It_is_com

pulsory_for_winners_to_be_testedbutotherparticipantsareonlytestedatrandom.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随意地检查。[句法句式]for

winnerstobetested为动词不定式作主语。winners是不定式tobetested的逻辑主语，winners与test之间为被动关系，因此，使用不定式的被动形式。不定式的被动形式为“tob

e＋过去分词”，表示其逻辑主语是动作的承受者，具有被动含义。在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语或补语等。在下列结构中，虽为被动意义，却应使用主动结构：(1)在“主语＋be＋easy/difficult/interesting/heavy/nice/fit＋t

odosth.”结构中。(2)在find/make/feel/think/suppose/expect＋宾语＋宾补＋todosth.结构中。(3)在“疑问代词＋不定式”的结构中。[金句推送](2019·全国卷Ⅲ

)...it'simpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.……当谈论流行时装时，不可能不谈及作为主要角色的中国。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Itwasimpossiblef

orlosttimeto_be_made(make)up.②Themaniseasyto_deal(deal)with.③Idon'tknowwhatto_do(do)．④Nowadaysit'simportantofu

sstudentstomasteraforeignlanguage.of→for[链接写作]——完成句子这个句子很容易翻译。Itisaneasysentenceto_translate.14．(教材P34)TheOlympicspirit—th

espiritofcompetitionwhichemphasisestakingpartrather_thanwinning—hasbeenviolatedbythedesiretosucceedatallcosts.人们不惜

任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。[句法句式]ratherthan为并列连词，意为“而不是，与其……不如……”，这一表达方式通常用在平行结构中，连接相同的句子成分，即rath

erthan前后两部分在成分和形式上应当一致。常用句型prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.woulddosth.ratherthandosth.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.宁愿做……而不愿

做……[名师点津]ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。[金句推送](2018·江苏卷)Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonabla

ckplateratherthanawhiteone，customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.当一个黑色的蛋糕而不是白色的放在黑色的盘子上，顾客认为更甜更美味可口。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Shepreferredto_stay(stay

)athomeratherthangoshoppingwithhim.②Mary，ratherthanyou，is(be)toblamefornotfinishingtheworkontime.③Ifyouareoneofthem，Iwouldsaytheonlywaytochanget

hingsisbydoingratherthancomplain.complain→complaining[链接写作]——一句多译我宁愿去打篮球也不愿去钓鱼。①Iprefer_to_play_basketball_rather_than_go_fish

ing.(prefertodo...ratherthando)②Iwould_play_basketball_rather_than_go_fishing.(woulddo...ratherthando)③Iwould_rather_play_basketball_than_go_fi

shing.(wouldratherdo...thando)多维训练——夯实基础维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空1．Fortunately(fortunate)，theweatherofthatwinterwasreasonablymild.2．Hedeclinedto_give(gi

ve)anyinformationonthePresidentialelection.3．Completedprojectsmustbe_submitted(submit)by10March.4．Nobodycantoleratebeing_cheated(cheat)，andthat'swhy

hehasnofriend.5．Equipped(equip)withnewscientificfarmingmethods，theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的

词1．Heboughtfameatthecostofhealthandhappiness.2．Onlyinthiswaycanwewipeouttheenemytroops.3．Itisnecessaryforustoexaminethepapersbe

forehandingthemin.4．Wecan'tsubmittothefate.Instead，weshouldtakeapositiveattitudetothepresentsituation.5．Heboughttheswe

ateratacostof80yuan，anditwasarealbargain.维度3——查缺补漏1．Inmyopinion，weshouldhaveoureyesexamined(examine)onceayear.2．Sheinsisted

thatshehadremainedfaithful(faith)toherhusband.3．Herebuilt(rebuild)theengineusingpartsfromcarsthathadbeenscrapped.4．Shesavedhimfromb

eing_drowned(drown)，butonlyatthecostofherownlife.5．Look！Thestoreis_being_rebuilt(rebuild)．语篇练习——提升能力提能一单元话题语篇练根据教材课文P34内容，在空白

处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Athleticperformanceshave1.continually(continue)improvedsincethefirstOlympicGames.However，i

mprovements2.have_begun(begin)toslowdownrecently.While3.talking(talk)aboutbreakingrecords，wecomeacrosstheissueo

fperformance-enhancingdrugs，4.whichareoriginallydevelopedtohelppeoplewithillness，buttheyareoftenusedbysom

eathletestoperform5.better(well)thanusual.Inotherwords，dopingisafundamentalfromofcheating.6.Unfortunately(unfortunate)，itisdifficulttoc

atchathletes7.using(use)illegaldrugs.Thewinnershavetobetested8.whileotherparticipantsareonlytested9.atrandom.Newdrugsaredevelopedallthe

timeanddrugtestsforsportingeventsareoftenonestepbehind.Inthefutureanotherissueisgene-therapy.Athleteswhohavetheirgenes10.changed(change)mightpe

rformmuchbetterinthematch.Intoday'sworld，ifdopingandgene-therapycontinuetoaffecttheoutcomesofmajorsportingevents，theOlympicspiritwillhav

elostitsmeaning.提能二单元话题写作练1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)①据说昨天三名强盗抢劫了一家银行的一笔巨款。Itwassaidthatthreerobbershad_robbed_a_bank_of_a_large_fortuneyesterday

.②警方迅速封锁(block)主要道路，并禁止可疑车辆通行。Thepoliceimmediatelyblockedthemainroadsandprohibited_the_suspect_cars_from_passing.③对这样的犯罪行为，警方必须不

惜任何代价清除。Thepolicemustwipe_them_out_at_all_costsasforsuchcrimes.④目前，警方正在搜寻有关信息。Atpresent，thepoliceare_seeking_the_information

.2．升级平淡句用简单句短语升级1中的①Threerobberswere_said_to_have_robbedabankofalargefortuneyesterday.3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：therefore，atpresent)Threero

bbersweresaidtohaverobbedabankofalargefortuneyesterday.Therefore，thepoliceimmediatelyblockedthemainroadsandprohibitedth

esuspectcarsfrompassing.Thepolicemustwipeoutthematallcostsasforsuchcrimes.Atpresent，thepoliceareseekingtheinformation.