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题组练(一)(限时:45分钟)Passage1(2023陕西咸阳三模)TheGrandCanalofChinawasfirstdugin486BCE,andwelldevelopedthroughthelate6thtoearly10thcentury.Fromthelate1

3thuntil19thcentury,withthehighestsectionbuiltandtheoveralllength1.(shorten),theCanalwasturnedintoamainpassagebetweennorthern2.southernChinaaswe

llastheeconomiclifelineofthecountry.ConsistingoftheSuiandTangGrandCanal,theJing-HangGrandCanalandtheZhedon

gCanal,theCanal3.(stretch)over2,700kilometers,crossingeightprovincial-leveladministrativeregionsand4.(link)fivemajorwatersys

tems.TheGrandCanalalsoconnectswiththeEurasianSilkRoadtothewestandextendsthewatertraderoutetotheeast.TheGrandCanalwas5.notableachiev

ementoftheancientChinesepeople.Itsconnectionofthepoliticalandeconomiccentersplayeda6.(centre)roleinthepoliticalunity,economic7.(grow)

andculturalprosperityofChina,andcontributedtothelivelihood,exchangesandintegrationofthepopulationalongitsroute.TheGran

dCanal8.(announce)bytheStateCouncilasoneoftheseventhbatchofMajorHistoricalandCulturalSitesProtectedattheNationalLevelinMarch,2013an

dregistered9.theUNSECOWorldHeritageListinJune,2014.Thislarge-scale,livingculturalheritagespreadslikeahugedragonacrossthevastter

ritoryofChina,10.(it)ripplesshininggoldenscales(鳞片)inthenewage.Passage2(2023福建莆田四模)Greenpeaceisnotsatisfied1.theEUmove,s

ayinginastatementthatthe2032deadlineistoolate2.(limit)globalwarmingbelow1.5℃.“Europedesperatelyneedstodecarbonizetransport,butmini

stersmisseda3.(gold)opportunity.Itisnowin4.handsofnationalauthoritiestocutcarusage,boostpublictransport,andmakemorelivablecitiesan

dtownswheremorepeoplecancycleorwalk,”GreenpeaceEUtransportcampaignerLoreleiLimousinsaid.GreenpeacecriticizedEUnationalgovernmentsf

or5.(open)thedoortofurtherpromote“expensiveandinefficientsynthetic(合成的)fuelsthatareharmfultotheenvironm

entandtheclimate”.TheCzechRepublic,which6.(take)therotating(轮流)six-monthpresidencyoftheCounciloftheEUfromFrancelastFriday,haslist

edenergysector7.(transform)asaprioritybutsaidthatitmustbecarriedoutinasociallyand8.(economic)sensitivem

annersoasnottoruinthelivingstandardsofEUcitizensandthecompetitivenessofindustry.EuropeanCommissionExecutiveVice-PresidentFran’

sTimmermans,9.isinchargeoftheEuropeanGreenDealinitiatives,applaudedtheagreementbyEUenvironmentministers

assettingEUonapathtoward10.(it)goals.Passage3(2023四川攀枝花三诊)“Ihavebeenveryhappyoverthepast10years.Livinginthemi

dstofthewoodsandlushgreenerymakesmefeel1.(relax).Peoplehereareveryfriendlyandlifeisbeautiful.”That’showYuanHui,34,des

cribedhispasttenyearsasavolunteerteacherinaremotemountainousregionofHubeiProvince.UponhisgraduationfromNanjingUniversi

ty,oneofthetopuniversitiesinChina,Yuan2.(offer)ajobatacompanyinNanjing.Surprisingly,herejecteditandthentraveledmorethan1,000kilometerstoJiangjiawanvi

llageinHubei’sEnshiTujiaandMiaoautonomousprefecture(县),desiring3.(realize)hisdreamofbecomingan4.(educate).Heint

endedtobecomeadifferentkindofteacherandmakehisclassroomfunandinformative.5.,hedidnotwanttobeafull-timeteach

erashethoughtthatnothavingafull-timecontract(合同)withaschoolwouldgivehimmorefreedomtotrynewteachingstyles.Yuanhasmadehisclassesunusualandinterest

ingbyusingmethods6.weredifferentfromthecommonteachingapproach.Forexample,whenhetaughtapoemaboutaswordsman,hebroughtaplasticswordtoclassandurgedthestu

dentstogivefencing(击剑)performanceswhile7.(recite)thepoem.Thewholeclassthendecidedwhichstudentwasthebestswordsman.Inadditiontoteachingacademicsubject

s,Yuanfocuses8.theall-arounddevelopmentofhisstudents.9.(Encourage)byYuan’sstory,severaluniversitystuden

ts10.(come)tothevillagetoteachduringtheirsummervacationssince2016.Theconditionsatlocalschoolshaveimprovedconsiderably.Passage4(2023河北唐山三模)

In1968,manypreciousrelicswereunearthedinthetombsoftheWesternHanDynastyincludingtheChangxinPalaceLamp,whichisacknowledged1.“thefirstlampofChin

a”.Thebronzelampbearstheshapeofagirlonherknees2.(hold)alamp.Thelampplateisonherlefthandwhileherrighthand,3.iscoveredbyaloosesleeve(袖子),carrie

sthelampshade.Thebrightnessofthelampandthedirectionofthelightcanbeadjustedwithahandleanditcontrolstwomovableshades.4.(remarkable)

,thegirl’srightsleevetrapssmokefromtheburninglampoil5.channelsitintothehollowbodywherewaterisstored,thuspreventingthelampfrompollutingth

eindoorair.Apartfromthat,thesixcomponentpartsofthelampcanallbetakenapart,and6.(be)easytoclean.ThedelicateChangxinPalaceLampprovidesaglimpseintoChin

a’sgloriouspast,showing7.wisdomofancientChinesepeopleaswellasancientChina’sachievementsinscienceandtechnol

ogy.The2022BeijingWinterOlympicflamelantern8.(inspire)bytheChangxinPalaceLamp.Beingaperfect9.(marry)ofgreeninitiativean

dtheOlympicSpirit,itusesdoubleglassandahiddendivisionchannel10.(reduce)thesmokeandcarbondeposition(沉积).Passage5(2023河北保定二模)Asnightfe

ll,thesummerheatfadedaway.OntheplaygroundofanelementaryschoolinZunyi,GuizhouProvince,nearly200childre

nandteachers1.(sit)ontheirstools(凳子)towatchthemovie1921,2.givesanaccountofthefoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

Infrontofthemwasalargewhiteprojector(放映机)screen3.(tie)totwobamboopoles.Formostofthechildren,itwasthefirsttimeinthei

rlivesthatthey4.(watch)amovieonsucha“giant”screen,asthereisnocinemainthevillage.XuLongsheng,a21-year-oldfromBeijingNormalUnive

rsity,andfourof5.(he)fellowstudentsworkedasprojectionists.Althoughthestoryissetagainstacomplexbackgroundcontainingmanyhistoricalfigures,mo

stofthechildrenwerestill6.(attract)toit,askingthecollegestudentsalotofquestions.Theeventispartofaproject,“TakingMoviestotheCountrysi

de”,whichwas7.(recent)launchedbyBeijingNormalUniversityandtheChinaFilmArchive.Theuniversityisschedule

d8.(send)12teamsofstudentsandteacherstoaround50ruralareas,withZunyibeingthefirststopandGanzhouinJiangxiProvinceasthe

nextdestination.Theprojectaimstoimproveaesthetic(美学的)education9.ruralareas,aswellasprovidingthestudentsmajoringineducationwith10.

opportunitytogetatasteoftheirfuturecareer.答案：Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京杭大运河的大致情况及其对政治和经济的意义。1.shortened考查非谓语动词。句意:从13世纪末到19世纪,随着最高段的建造和总长度

的缩短,运河成为中国南北之间的主要通道和国家的经济命脉。在with复合结构中,空处应填非谓语动词作宾语补足语,shorten和length之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填shortened。2.and考查固定短语。结合句意表达“在……和……之间”用between..

.and...。故填and。3.stretches考查动词的时态。句意:运河由隋唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河组成,全长2700多千米,横跨八个省级行政区,连接五大水系。空处为句子谓语动词,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语theCanal是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数形式。故填str

etches。4.linking考查非谓语动词。空处和上文crossing并列作状语,应用非谓语动词形式,逻辑主语theCanal和link之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填linking。5.a考查冠词。句意:大运河是古代中国人民的一项显著成就。achievem

ent意为“成就”时是可数名词,此处是泛指,应用不定冠词修饰,且notable的发音是辅音音素开头,故填a。6.central考查形容词。句意:其政治和经济中心的联系在中国的政治团结、经济增长和文化繁荣中

发挥了核心作用,并为沿线人口的生计、交流和融合做出了贡献。修饰名词role应用形容词central“核心的”作定语。故填central。7.growth考查名词。空处应填名词和上文thepoliticalunity

以及下文culturalprosperity并列作介词in的宾语,growth“增长”是抽象名词,不可数。故填growth。8.wasannounced考查动词的时态和语态。句意:大运河于2013年3月被国务院宣布为第

七批国家级重点历史文化保护遗址之一,并于2014年6月被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录。空处和下文registered并列作谓语动词,陈述过去的事情,且主语TheGrandCanal和announce之间是

被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填wasannounced。9.on/in考查介词。结合句意表达“在……名录上”用on/in...list。故填on/in。10.its考查代词。句意:这一大规模的、鲜活的文化遗产像一条巨龙一样在中国

广袤的领土上传播,在新时代,它的涟漪闪耀着金色的鳞片。修饰名词ripples应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。Passage2[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是绿色和平组织在一份声明中表示,要在2023年将

全球变暖控制在1.5℃以下为时已晚。1.with考查介词。besatisfiedwith对……满意,故填with。2.tolimit考查非谓语动词。“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”,故填to

limit。3.golden考查词性转换。设空处作定语,修饰名词opportunity,用形容词,故填golden。4.the考查冠词。inthehandsofsb.在某人手中,故填the。5.opening考查非谓语动词。for是

介词,其后跟动词-ing作宾语,故填opening。6.took考查动词的时态。由lastFriday可知,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,故填took。7.transformation考查词性转换。设空处作宾语,用名词,故填transformation。8.economically考

查词性转换。sensitive是形容词,用副词修饰,故填economically。9.who考查定语从句。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词是人,故填who。10.its考查物主代词。根据

语境可知,此处表示“使欧盟走上了实现其目标的道路”,设空处意为“它的”,用形容词性物主代词修饰名词goals。故填its。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述袁辉大学毕业后放弃大城市里的好工作,到湖北恩施一处偏远的地方当老师的故事。他的故事鼓励

其他大学生也来村里给孩子们上课。1.relaxed考查形容词。空处应填形容词作表语,表示人的主观感受,应用-ed形式的形容词。故填relaxed。2.wasoffered考查动词时态和语态。空处为句子谓语动词,陈述过

去的动作,且主语Yuan和offer之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasoffered。3.torealize考查非谓语动词。desiretodosth.“渴望做某事”是固定短语,不定式作宾语。故填torealize。4.educator考查名词。结合句意和句子结构可知,空处应填

名词educator作表语,表示“教育家”,冠词an提示用其单数形式。故填educator。5.However考查副词。根据上文“Heintendedtobecomeadifferentkindofteacherandmakehisc

lassroomfunandinformative.”可知,此处和上文是转折关系,应用连接副词however,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填However。6.which/that考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是methods,指物,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which/that引导

。故填which/that。7.reciting考查状语从句的省略。此处是状语从句的省略,即当主句和从句为同一主语,且从句含有be动词时,从句可以省略主语和be动词,此处逻辑主语he和recite之间为主动关系,表示过去正在背诵,从

句应用过去进行时,完整从句为“whilehewasrecitingthepoem”,省略主语和be动词,应用现在分词。故填reciting。8.on/upon考查介词。结合句意表达“关注”用focuson/upo

n。故填on/upon。9.Encouraged考查非谓语动词。空处应填非谓语动词作状语,students和encourage之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Encouraged。10.havecome考查动词时态。根据时间状语“since2016”可

知,句子应用现在完成时,主语students是复数,助动词用have。故填havecome。Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了出土的一个西汉时期的古董。1.as考查介词。beacknowledgedas...被公认为……。

故填as。2.holding考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语是bears,设空处需填非谓语动词作定语,girl和hold为逻辑上的主谓关系,需填现在分词形式。故填holding。3.which考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词righthand指物,在定语从句中作主语,故填wh

ich。4.Remarkably考查词性转换。设空处作状语,修饰整个句子,需用副词形式,句首字母需大写。故填Remarkably。5.and考查连词。设空处连接并列的谓语动词traps和channels,故填and。6.are考查动词的时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事

实,使用一般现在时,主语为thesixcomponentpartsofthelamp,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are。7.the考查冠词。此处表示特指,需用定冠词the限定名词wisdom。故填the。8.wasinspired考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处陈述过去发生的事情,

使用一般过去时,主语为单数名词The2022BeijingWinterOlympicflamelantern,和inspire为被动关系,需用被动语态,故填wasinspired。9.marriage

考查词性转换。不定冠词a修饰名词,故填marriage。10.toreduce考查非谓语动词。usesth.todosth.为固定用法,需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填toreduce。Passage5[

语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了由北京师范大学和中国电影资料馆联合发起并主办的“电影下乡”项目,该项目旨在改善农村地区的审美教育,并为教育专业的学生提供一个体验未来职业的机会。1.sat考查动词的时态。结合上下文可知,此处是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时

,故填sat。2.which考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是themovie1921,关系词在从句中作主语,故填which。3.tied考查非谓语动词。动词tie和screen之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语,

故填tied。4.hadwatched考查动词的时态。“itwasthefirsttimethat...”句型中that从句使用过去完成时,故填hadwatched。5.his考查代词。设空处修饰名词fellowstudents,应填形容词性物主代词,故填his。6.att

racted考查非谓语动词。句子用一般过去时的被动语态,设空处应填过去分词,故填attracted。7.recently考查词性转换。设空处作状语修饰动词launched,应用副词形式,故填recently。8.tosend考查非谓语动词。bescheduledto

dosth.计划做某事,故填tosend。9.in考查介词。此处指“在农村地区”,应用介词in。10.an考查冠词。opportunity是可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且opportunity以

元音音素开头,故填an。