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2022学年第一学期高三年级质量调研英语试卷(满分140分考试时间120分钟)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA(10分)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconve

rsationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonl

yonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhavehe

ard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.3:10.B.3:30.C.3:50.D.4:10.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:Isn’tthestaffmeetingsupposedtostartat3:30?W:Yes,itusuallyis.

Buttodaythebosshasgotanimportantappointmentat3o’clockanditwon’tendinanotherhour.Q:Whattimedoesthestaffmeetingmostp

robablybegintoday?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Hewillgotoyogaclasseswiththewoman.B.Hewilltakesomephotosaboutyoga.C.Hewillthinktwiceaboutpracticin

gyoga.D.Hewilltreatthepainonhisbackfirst.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Iamstartingayogaclasstomorrow.Doyouwanttocome?M:I

’mnotsure.Althoughpeoplepracticingyogalooksothinandhealthy,inthephotosI’veseen,thepostureiskindofpainful.Q:Whatwillthemanprob

ablydonext?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Wherethepartyshouldbeheld.B.WhetherDiana’spartyissuccessful.C.Whoremembersthepartyoflastyear.D.Whatkindofteaissui

tablefortheparty.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Well,ontothelastitem,thevenueforthestaffparty.Whatsuggestiondoyouhave?M:Ifyourememberlastyear,Dian

akindlyletusholdtheeventatherfriend’steahouse,itwasverysuccessful.Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstakingabout?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Womenliketot

akeknittingasahobby.B.Knittingtakespracticebeforeitiseasy.C.Ittakesgreateffortstoproducethreads.D.Knittingisnotasrel

axingasitseems.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ialwaysthinkitishardworktoturnthreadsintoasweater.W:Actually,onceyougetthehangofit,knittingisreallyarelaxinghobby.Q

:Whatcanbeconcludedfromthisdialogue?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Totellhimthattheyarebusy.B.Tosharethephonesignalwithhim.C.Toaskhimtogivethemaride.D.Toinv

itehimtodosportstogether.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:IhavebeencallingDavidforthepasthalfhour,butIamalwaysgettingabusysignal.W:Well,

ifyoudon’tgethimsoon,wewilljusthavetogobowlingwithouthim.Q:WhyarethespeakerstryingtocallDavid?6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看

】A.Checkingthematerialstheclothesaremadefrom.B.Turningtheclothesinsideoutbeforewashing.C.Sortingoutth

eclothesbyfabricweight.D.Selectingtherightnumberofclothes.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Idon’tknowathingabouthowtousethewashingmachine.W:Firstyouneedtolookatthefa

briclabelstoseewhethertheclothesaremadeoutofcottonorwoolorotherfibers.Andselecttherightsettingsaccordingtothelabel.Q:Whatisane

cessarystepwhenusingthewashingmachine?SectionB(15分)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation

.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbes

pokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertotheque

stionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】7.A.Lackofinterestinstudy.B.Theshortageofresources.C.Herlackofaiminlif

e.D.Herunrealisticdreams.8.A.Shekepttryingeventhoughshefailed.B.ShewonascholarshiptostudyinChina.C.Herwebsiteearnedheralot

ofmoney.D.Shebuiltalibrarywithherexperience.,9.A.Trustyourinstinctandfollowyourheart.B.Learningalanguageisthekeytosucce

ss.C.Themoreyouexpect,themoredisappointedyouwillbe.D.Theweakwaitforopportunities;thestrongcreatethem.【答案】7.B8.A9.D【解析】【原文】Duringmyteenyears,Ifelt

stuck.Iwantedtolearnsomanythingsandachievemywildestdreams,yetIcouldn’t.Livinginanunderdevelopedcountry,w

edon’thaveanytrainingcourses,librariesorclubs,andtheinternetisslow.Oneday,Ihadhadenough.IdecidedtousetheresourcesIhadtocreatethefutureIdrea

medof.IsetmymindongettingtheChineseDreamScholarship.IfoundarticlesandbooksonlinetobecomefluentinChinese.Inafewmonths,Iwasabletoholdasim

pleconversationinChinese.IrealizedthatIwouldneedmoney.Isetouttobuildadogcarewebsite.Everyday,afterscho

ol,Iwouldresearchdogsandwritedetailedarticlesaboutthem.I’msureyou’reexpectingaspirit-liftingendingwhereItraveltoChinaandlive

offmywebsite.However,that’snothowthisstoryends.Thefactis,Ididn’tevengetthechancetoapplyforthescholarship.Andthedogwebsiteonlymademe

atotalof$60.Unwillingtoacceptthefacts,Istartedanonlineuniversitythenextyear.I’mnotinChina,butIknowhowtospeakChinesenowandhavemet

manyinterestingpeoplealongtheway.Mywebsitedidn’tsucceed,butIcreatedanewonethat’sevenbetterwiththeexperienceIgained.Ididn’tletmydi

fficultiesstandinmyway,andIcreatedmyownopportunities.Anyonecanacceptthecardsthey’vebeendealtandcreatetheirownwaytomakethemintoawinninghand.(Nowl

istenagain,please.)Questions:11.Whatpreventedthespeakerfromrealizingherdreamsduringherteens?12.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?13.Whatdoesthespeaker

wanttotellus?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoheren

tandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseach

blank.LovelyTeamMembersIfellinlovewithrhinoswhenIworkedinazoointhe80s,andspentmuchofthenext20yearsasth

ekeeperofthelargestcaptive(圈养的)groupofrareblackrhinos.Beingaggressiveandstupidis____10____impressesurbanresidentsaboutrhinos,butIdiscover

edagroupofsensitive,affectionateanimals.____11____(weigh)overaton,blackrhinosareunexpectedlyalertandhaveanunpredictablenatur

e.However,____12____careandreassurance(安慰),theycanbeverytrusting.Inthepastfewyears,thenumberofrhinoshas

droppeddramatically,during____13____timeIhavehelpedlookafterrhinosbeingmovedtoreserves.Lastyear,Ihelpedonaprojectto

flyfiveblackrhinostotheSerengetiNationalPark,wheretheyhadtobekeptcaptiveforafewweeksbefore____14____(release)intothew

ild.Theylivedin“bomas”woodenenclosureswith“bedrooms”.Acoupleofweeksbeforetheirplannedrelease,theskywasfilledwithsmokeandtheflameswereblowingov

erit.____15____(make)sureeverythingwasfine,werushedtowardthebomas.Iwasterrifiedthattherhinos____16____(catch)fire,so

myinitialresponsewastoreleasethem.ButIcouldn’t,becausethey____17____(notfit)withtransmitters(发射器).IfIletthemout,wewouldhavegreatdifficultytrackingthe

mdown.SoIdashedbacktothebomasandcalledtherhinostotheir“bedrooms”.Tomysurprise,theymovedwithouthesitationandwere____18

____(panicky)thanIhadthought.Afterhalfanhour,thewindchangeddirectionandthefirebegantodiedown.Thatweandtherhinoshadescapedunscathed(未受伤的)wasamiracl

e.Therelationshipwehadbuiltwiththoselovelyanimalsprovedcrucial._____19_____it,allourworkwouldhavebeenfornothing.Theteamworkofeverybodythereplayedal

argeparttooandtherhinoswereverymuchpartofthatteam.【答案】10.what11.Weighing12.with13.which14.beingreleased15.Tomake16.wouldcatch17.we

ren’tfitted##weren’tfit18.lesspanicky19.Without【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了大家都认为犀牛好斗和愚蠢，但作者却认为黑犀牛是一种深情且值得信赖的动物，作者不仅养了犀牛20年，还和它们建立了深厚的感情。【10题详解】考

查表语从句连接词。句意：好斗和愚蠢是城市居民对犀牛的印象，但我发现它们是一群敏感、深情的动物。分析句子可知，空格处引导is后面的表语从句，且从句缺主语，表“什么”，应使用连接代词what引导。故填what。【11题详解】考查非

谓语动词。句意：体重超过一吨，黑犀牛出乎意料地警觉，并且具有不可预测的天性。分析句子可知，句子已经有谓语，空格处应使用非谓语形式，weigh在此表示“有……重”，与逻辑主语blackrhinos之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词表主动，作状语，且置于句首，首字母

要大写。故填Weighing。【12题详解】考查介词。句意：然而，有着关爱和安慰，它们非常值得信赖。分析句子可知，句子结构完整，此处应使用介词+名词形成介词短语作状语。结合语境，however表示转折，此处强调犀牛的优点，拥有关爱和安慰人的特点，它们非常值得信赖。表示“附着，

带有”应使用介词with。故填with。【13题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：在过去的几年里，犀牛的数量急剧下降，在此期间，我帮助照顾的犀牛被转移到保护区。分析句子可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，且前面有介词during，应使用介词+关系代词引导，

修饰前面的主句（侧重点不在于主句中的时间名词，而是整个句子），应用duringwhichtime引导，表“在……期间”。故填which。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，我帮助了一个项目，将五头黑犀牛带到塞伦盖蒂国家公园，在那里它们

必须被圈养几周，然后被释放到野外。介词before后用动名词形式，分析句子可知，wheretheyhadtobekeptcaptiveforafewweeksbefore________(release)intothewild.为非

限制性定语从句，从句的主语是they，指代前文的fiveblackrhinos，和非谓语动词release之间为被动关系，该空用动名词的被动式。故填beingreleased。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保一切都

很好，我们冲向木质围栏。分析句子可知，句子有谓语rushed，make要使用其非谓语形式，结合语境，此处应使用不定式作目的状语，且置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Tomake。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：我很害怕犀牛会着火，所以我的

第一反应是释放它们。分析句子可知，Iwasterrifiedthattherhinos___________(catch)fire是宾语从句，当主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式，结合语境，是担心可能会着火，would可以用于表示某

事的可能性，应使用情态动词would。故填wouldcatch。【17题详解】考查时态。句意：但我不能，因为它们没有配备发射器。befitted/fitwith(配备)，根据couldn’t和上下文语境可知，

此处也应使用一般过去时，再根据主语they和提示词not可知，应使用一般过去时复数的否定形式。故填weren’tfitted/fit。【18题详解】考查比较级。句意：令我惊讶的是，它们毫不犹豫地移动并且没我想象中的那么惊慌失措。根据后文的than和提示词panicky可知，此处要使用形容

词的比较级，结合语境，是没“我”想象中的那么惊慌失措，所以是lesspanicky。故填lesspanicky。【19题详解】考查介词。句意：没有它，我们所有的工作都是徒劳的。it指代上文的Therelationshipw

ehadbuiltwiththoselovelyanimals，结合语境，没有“我们”与犀牛之间建立的联系，“我们”所做的工作就是徒劳的，表示没有应用介词without，置于句首要大写。故填Without。SectionB

(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproper-wordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordt

hanyouneed.A.stimulatedB.anticipationC.empoweringD.initiativeE.boostF.prohibitingG.citedH.integralI.facilitateJ.mirrorK.instrumentalHelpin

gEighthGradersDiscoveraWiderWorldofScienceSalinaMorales,aneighth-gradestudent,wantstoworkwithanimalswhenshegetsolder.Shew

asexcitedandfullof____20____attheprospectofaclassvisittotheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory.Salinaisamongthousandsofei

ghthgradersinNewYorkpublicschoolswhosescienceeducationwillbegivena(n)____21____byanewpartnershipbetweentheschoolsandsevenofthecity’sscience

-orientedinstitutions.Theprogram,calledUrbanAdvantage,aimstoprovideprofessionaldevelopmentandresourcestoteachers,____22____

classandindividualmuseumvisits,andultimatelyhelpeighthgraderscompletescienceprojectsrequiredforgraduation.TheMuseumofNaturalHistoryisl

eadingthe____23____.“Therealpushbehindthisprojectisthecrisisinscienceeducation,whichisa(n)____24____partofastudent’slearningandgrowth,”EllenV.Futte

r,thepresidentoftheMuseumofNationalHistory,said.Accordingtoareport,43percentofAmericaneighthgradersdonothaveabasicu

nderstandingofscience.Amongthemostfrequently____25____reasonsaretheinadequacyofteachereducationprogramsandthelackofteachingresources.Toooften,thesc

ienceclassisaboutmemorizingfactsanddoesnot____26____thetrulyexcitingprocessofusingscientificmethodsandtoolstoobserveand

analyzenaturalphenomena.Asaresult,toofewofourchildrenare____27____topursuestudyorcareersinkeyscientificfields.Overt

hecourseofthreeyears,UrbanAdvantagewillreachthecity’sentireeighth-gradepopulation.TheCityCouncilwas____28_

___indevelopingUrbanAdvantage,providingmorethan$1millionfunding.“ThisisabigdealforNewYork,”theCouncilwoma

nsaid.It’sveryhardtogetanewinitiativegoing,butwemadeithappenbecauseeveryonebelievedintheimportanceof____29____scienceeducation.【答案】20

.B21.E22.I23.D24.H25.G26.J27.A28.C29.K【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮助八年级学生发现更宽的科学世界的一个举措——UrbanAdvantage。【20题

详解】考查名词。句意：她很兴奋，对美国自然历史博物馆的课堂参观充满期待。fullof后应接名词作宾语，根据上文“wantstoworkwithanimalswhenshegetsolder.”可知，Salina非常期待去美国自然历史博物馆，a

nticipation“期待”符合题意，不可数。故选B。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：Salina是纽约公立学校数千名八年级学生中的一员，他们的科学教育将因学校与该市七所以科学为导向的机构之间的新伙伴关系而得到提高。冠词a(n)后接单数名词

作give的宾语，根据下文“anewpartnershipbetweentheschoolsandsevenofthecity’sscience-orientedinstitutions.”可知，他们的科学教育将因为学校与其他机构的合作而提高，boost“提高”符合题意，常用单数形式。故选E。【2

2题详解】考查动词。句意：该项目名为UrbanAdvantage，旨在为教师提供专业发展和资源，促进班级和个人博物馆参观，最终帮助八年级学生完成毕业所需的科学项目。空处应填省略to的不定式和上文toprovide以及

下文(to)help并列作aims的宾语，结合句意，此处是促进班级和个人博物馆参观（率），facilitate“促进”符合题意。故选I。【23题详解】考查名词。句意：自然历史博物馆正在领导这一举措。冠词the后

接名词作lead的宾语，根据上文“Theprogram,calledUrbanAdvantage”可知，此处指领导该举措，initiative“方案，举措”符合题意，特指上文提到的那个方案，故用其单数形式

。且下文“It’sveryhardtogetanewinitiativegoing”也是提示。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意：英国国家历史博物馆的EllenV.Futter说：“这个项目背后的真正推动力是科学教育的危机，科

学教育是学生学习和成长不可或缺的一部分。”空处应填形容词，修饰名词part，结合常识可知，科学教育是学生学习和成长不可或缺的一部分，integral“必需的，不可或缺的”符合题意。故选H。【25题详解】考查

形容词。句意：其中最常被提及的原因是教师教育项目的不足和教学资源的缺乏。空处应填形容词，修饰名词reasons，结合句意，此处指常常被提到的原因，cited“被提及的”符合题意。故选G。【26题详解】考查动词。句意通常，

科学课是关于记忆事实，并没有反映使用科学方法和工具观察和分析自然现象的真正令人兴奋的过程。doesnot后接动词原形，根据“thescienceclassisaboutmemorizingfacts”可知，科学课并没有反映使用科学的方法和工具来观察和分析

自然现象的正真令人兴奋的过程，mirror“反映”符合题意。故选J。【27题详解】考查动词。句意：因此，我们的孩子中很少有人受到激励，去从事关键科学领域的学习或职业。结合上文科学课只是关于记忆事实，因

此很少有学生受到激励而去从事科关键科学邻域的学习或职业，stimulate“激励”符合题意，和主语children是被动关系，故用其过去分词与are构成被动语态。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：市议会授权发展U

rbanAdvantage，提供了超过100万美元的资金。根据“TheCityCouncil”可知，此处是指市议会授权发展UrbanAdvantage，empower“授权”符合题意，此处用其现在分词

和was构成过去进行时。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词。句意：启动一个新项目非常困难，但我们做到了，因为每个人都相信有帮助的科学教育的重要性。空处应填形容词修饰名词词组scienceeducation，结合上文UrbanAdvantage的目的是“为教师提供专业发展和资源

，促进班级和个人博物馆参观，最终帮助八年级学生完成毕业所需的科学项目”，因此这样的科学课是有帮助的，instrumental“有帮助的”符合题意。故选K。的III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(15分)Directions:Foreachblankinthefollow

ingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblank-withthewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ANewYorkstate

agencyhadjustbroughtonatechnicianinitsITdepartmenttohelpupdatesomeofitsagingcomputersystems.Duringtheinterviewprocess,

thecandidateseemedlikea(n)____30____fit.Hewouldbearealhelptotheteam,thehiringmanagerhadassuredeveryone.Butbytheendofthenewguy’sf

irstdayonthejob,itwasclearsomethingwaswrong.Hehad____31____technicalliteracy.Hecouldn’teventakedirections.Thehir

ingmanagerwasconfused:Howcouldsomeonewhoseemedlikesuchastrongcandidateduringtheinterviewprocessturnouttobe

so____32____?Attheendofherrope,thehiringmanagerturnedtohersupervisorforhelp.Afterlisteningtothesituation,thesupervisorgaveanunexp

ectedanswer:Thepersonwhoshoweduptothejob____33____wasn’tthepersonwhohadbeeninterviewed.Jobinterviewsareacrucialpartof

anyorganization,fromgovernmentagenciestomodernstartups,whenpersonal____34____canallowcandidatestoconveytheirvalu

ebetterthantheydoonaresume(简历).Butthere’sagrowingwaveofcandidateswhoarequietlytryingto____35____thesystem.Accordingtoa

research,anincreasingnumberofcandidatesareemployingstand-instodotheinterviewsand____36____thejobforthem.Theschemegoesbyan

interestingname:bait(诱饵)andswitch.Bait-and-switchinterviewsappearparticularly____37____inITfields.Withmoreandmoretechcompaniesconducti

ngjobinterviewsthroughvideochatandhiringemployeeswhoarepermittedtoworkremotely.It’seasierthanevertopulloffabaitandswitch.It’simpossibleto___

__38_____thenumberofbait-and-switchinterviewsthataretakingplace.Companiesandrecruiters(招聘者)areoftenembarrassedtoadmitwhenthey’v

ebeen______39______.Evenwhenbaitandswitchersgetcaught,companiesaresometimes_____40_____toaccusethem.Sothereisnowayofknowingthescaleoftheproblem

.ChrisMitchell,theseniorvicepresidentatthestaffingfirmPlanetTechnology,saidunqualifiedhireswereatremendous____41____o

ncetheygainedaccesstocriticaluserdatathatcouldbemishandled.Organizationscanhavetheirreputationruined,____42____canhavetheirdatastolen,andunwittin

g(不知情的)coworkersareforcedtocleanupthemess.Anyway,bait-and-switchinterviewsareabigproblem—especiallyforacompanythatdesp

erately______43______capabletalent.Withnoendinsight,employersareadvisedtokeepaneyeoutforalltheirapplicantsandmakesurethatthe

irinterviewprocessisenoughto______44______unqualifiedapplicantsfromqualifiedones.30.A.poorB.looseC.idealD.major3

1.A.equalB.littleC.basicD.adult32.A.disrespectfulB.miserableC.impatientD.incompetent33.A.literallyB.rigidlyC.fortun

atelyD.conventionally34.A.correspondencesB.interactionsC.dedicationsD.boundaries35.A.adoptB.stabilizeC.cheatD.tackle36.A.secureB.abandonC.exploitD.

clarify37.A.contradictoryB.flexibleC.identicalD.widespread38.A.advocateB.quantifyC.divideD.maximize39.A.diversifie

dB.isolatedC.trickedD.liberated40.A.eagerB.innocentC.decentD.reluctant41.A.helpB.leapC.riskD.experience42.A.applicantsB.customer

sC.supervisorsD.inspectors43.A.holdsupB.callsforC.setsaboutD.takesover44.A.discriminateB.removeC.distractD.shift【答案】30.C31.B32.D33.A34

.C35.C36.A37.D38.B39.C40.D41.C42.B43.B44.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍什么是欺诈面试，以及其带来的不良影响。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句

意：在面试过程中，这位候选人看起来非常合适。A.poor贫穷的，可怜的，差的；B.loose松的，松散的；C.ideal理想的；D.major主要的。根据下文“Hewouldbearealhelptotheteam,thehiringmanagerhadassuredeveryone.”

推知，这位候选人是一个理想的选择。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没有技术素养。A.equal平等的，可以胜任的；B.little少的，微不足道的；C.basic基本的；D.adult成年的。根据下

文“Hecouldn’teventakedirections.”可知，此人几乎没有技术素养。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：招聘经理感到困惑：在面试过程中看起来如此强大的应聘者怎么会变得如此无能。A.disrespectful无礼的，不尊重的；B.miser

able痛苦的；C.impatient没有耐心的；D.incompetent无能的。根据上文“Hecouldn’teventakedirections.”可知，经理很困惑，为什么面试中如此强大的应聘者很无能。故选D。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：听了情

况后，主管给出了一个意外的答案：出现在工作岗位上的人实际上并不是接受过面试的人。A.literally真正地，字面上地，事实上；B.rigidly严格地，古板地；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.conventionally传统

地，守旧地。根据“thesupervisorgaveanunexpectedanswer”推知，主管认为参加面试和来工作的实际上不是同一个人。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：求职面试是任何组织的重要组成部分，从政府机构到现代创业公司，个人说辞可以让应

聘者比简历上更好地表达自己的价值。A.correspondences通信，相似；B.interactions互动；C.dedications奉献，献词；D.boundaries边界。结合常识可知，面试时应聘者需要通过自己的语言，即说辞来来表达自己的价值。

故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但越来越多的候选人正悄悄地试图欺骗该系统。A.adopt采纳，收养；B.stabilize稳定，稳固；C.cheat欺骗；D.tackle应对。根据下文“anincreasingnumberofcandidatesare

employingstand-instodotheinterviews”可知，有人开始在面试中作弊，即欺骗系统。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据一项调查，越来越多的求职者聘请替身来做面试，帮助自己取得工

作。A.secure保护，取得；B.abandon抛弃；C.exploit开发；D.clarify澄清。根据“anincreasingnumberofcandidatesareemployingstand-instodotheinterviews”推知，这样作的目的是成功获得工作。故选A

。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：诱骗面试在IT领域尤为普遍。A.contradictory对立的，矛盾的；B.flexible灵活的；C.identical完全相同的；D.widespread普遍的，广泛的。结合第一段所给例子和“particul

arly”可知，此处是指诱骗面试在IT行业尤为普遍。故选D。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：要确定正在进行的bait-and-switch面试的数量是不可能的。A.advocate提倡；B.quantify测定

……的数量；C.divide分开；D.maximize最大化，充分利用。根据下文“Companiesandrecruiters(招聘者)areoftenembarrassedtoadmitwhenthey’vebeen____10____.

Evenwhenbaitandswitchersgetcaught,companiesaresometimes____11____toaccusethem.”可知，要知道欺诈面试的具体数字是不可能的。故选B。【

39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司和招聘人员通常不好意思承认自己被骗了。A.diversified使多样化；B.isolated孤立；C.tricked欺骗，欺诈；D.liberated解放。Bait-and-switchinterview是一种欺骗

行为，因此此处是指当公司和招聘人员被欺骗时。故选C。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使上当受骗的人被抓了，公司有时也不愿指控他们。A.eager渴望的；B.innocent天真的；C.decent得体的，正派的；D.reluctant不情愿的。根据上文“Companiesandre

cruiters(招聘者)areoftenembarrassedtoadmit”可知，招聘方认为被欺骗是很尴尬的事情，自然也就不愿意指控实施欺骗的人。故选D。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：招聘公司PlanetTec

hnology的高级副总裁ChrisMitchell表示，一旦不合格的员工获得了可能处理不当的关键用户数据，他们就会面临巨大的风险。A.help帮助；B.leap跳跃；C.risk风险；D.experience经验。根据下文“Organizationscanhaveth

eirreputationruined,____13____canhavetheirdatastolen,andunwitting(不知情的)coworkersareforcedtocleanupthemess.”可知，不合格的聘用会是一个

巨大的风险。故选C。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：组织的声誉可能被毁，客户的数据可能被窃取，不知情的同事被迫收拾烂摊子。A.applicants申请人；B.customers客户；C.supervisors监督人

，指导者；D.inspectors检察员，视察员。结合常识可知，一般是指窃取客户的数据。故选B。【43题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管怎样，诱骗面试是一个大问题——尤其是对于一个迫切需要有能力的人才的公司。A.holdsup耽搁；B.callsfor需

要；C.setsabout着手；D.takesover接管。根据“acompanythatdesperately”和“capabletalent”可知，此处是指急需人才的公司。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在看不到尽头的情况下，建议雇主密切关注所有求职者，确保他们

的面试过程足以将不合格的求职者从合格的求职者中剔除。A.discriminate歧视；B.remove移除；C.distract使分心；D.shift改变。根据“unqualifiedapplicantsfromqualifiedones.”可知，此处

是指把不合格的求职者从合格的求职中中剔除，remove…from…“从……中删除”。故选B。SectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Each

passageisfallowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccord

ingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveJustread.(A)CatherineGarland,aphysicsprofessor,startedseeing“theproblem

”in2019.She’dlaidouttheassignmentclearlyduringanengineeringcourse,butstudentafterstudentwascallingheroverforhelp.They

wereallgettingthesameerrormessage:Theprogramcouldn’tfindtheirfiles.Garlandthoughtitwouldbeaneasyfix.Sheaskedeach

studentwheretheyhadsavedtheirproject.“Couldtheybeonthedesktop?PerhapsintheDocumentsfolder?”Butoverandover,shewasmetwithconfusion.“Whatareyoutalkingab

out?”multiplestudentsinquired.Gradually,Garlandcametotherealization:theconceptoffilefoldersanddirectories,essentialtopreviousgen

erations,understandingofcomputers,isgibberishtomanymodernstudents.Garland’smentalmodeliscommonlyknownas“directorystructure”,thehierarchicalsystem

(层级体系)offoldersusedtoarrangefiles.Whathavecausedthementalmodeltochange?Itispossiblethatmanystudentsspenttheirhighschoolyearssto

ringdocumentsinthecloudstoragelikeOneDriveandDropboxratherthaninphysicalspaces.Itcouldalsohavetodowiththeotherap

psthey’reaccustomedto.“WhenIwanttoscroll(滚屏)overtoSnapchat,Twitter,they’renotinanyparticularorder,butIknowexactlywheretheyare,”saysVog

el,whoisadevotediPhoneuser.Someofitboilsdowntomusclememory.Itmayalsobethatinanagewhereeveryuserinterfaceincludesasearchfunc

tion,youngpeoplehaveneverneededfoldersordirectories.Thefirstinternetsearchengineswereusedaround1990,butfeatureslike

WindowsSearchareproductsoftheearly2000s.Whilemanyoftoday’sprofessorsgrewupwithoutsearchfunctions,today’sstudentsinc

reasinglydon’trememberaworldwithoutthem.Somemayblamethegenerationalincompetence.Aninternationalstudyclaimedthatonly2percentofGenerationZ(bornfrom1

997onwards)hadachievedthe“digitalnative”levelofcomputerliteracy.Buttheissueislikelynotthatmodernstudentsarelearningfewerdigitalskills,butratherthatt

hey’relearningdifferentones.Garland,forallherknowledgeofdirectorystructure,doesn’tunderstandInstagramnearlyaswellas

herstudentsdo.“Theyusecomputersoneway,andweusecomputersanotherway,”Garlandemphasizes.“That’swheretheproblemlies.”45.Theword“gi

bberish”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A.commonB.accessibleC.nonsenseD.fundamental46.Whatcanbeconcludedfromparagraph

3and4?A.Thereisnosearchfunctioninthedirectorystructure.B.Collegeprofessorshaveweakermusclesthanstudentsdo.C.Moderns

tudentsliketostoredocumentsinphysicaldrives.D.Thechangeinmentalmodelsreflectstheprogressintechnology.47.BymentioningGarland

’sandVogel’sstories,theauthor________.A.highlightsthedifferentmindsetsoftwogenerationsB.criticizesmodernstudent

s’overuseofonlineappsC.showsthedifficultyofteachingtoday’sstudentsD.callsonachangeintheeducationofphysics48

.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanbestaddress“theproblem”mentionedatthebeginningandtheending?A.Teachingstudents

directorystructure.B.Improvinggenerationalunderstanding.C.EnhancingGenerationZ’sdigitalskills.D.Urgingteacherstolearnsearchfunctions.【答案】45.C

46.D47.A48.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍几代人之间在数字技术上相互不理解是因为了解电脑的方式不同，进而产生的不同的思维模式，解决这个问题的办法是增进代际理解。【45题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“S

heaskedeachstudentwheretheyhadsavedtheirproject.“Couldtheybeonthedesktop?PerhapsintheDocumentsfolder?”Butoverandover,shewasmet

withconfusion.“Whatareyoutalkingabout?”multiplestudentsinquired.(她问每个学生他们把项目保存在哪里。“它们可能在桌面上吗？可能在Documents文件夹中？”但一次又一次，她遇到了困惑。“你在说什么?”

许多学生问)”可知，学生们不理解Garland所说的desktop或者Documentsfolder。由此可知，Garland意识到对前几代人来说理解计算机必不可少的文件夹和目录概念，对许多现代学生来说是毫无意义的。即gibberish意为“毫无意义的话”，与nonsense同义。故选C。

【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Whathavecausedthementalmodeltochange?Itispossiblethatmanystudentsspenttheirhighschoolye

arsstoringdocumentsinthecloudstoragelikeOneDriveandDropboxratherthaninphysicalspaces.Itcouldalsohavetodowiththeotherappsthey’reaccustomedto.(是什么

导致了思维模式的改变？有可能许多学生在高中时期将文件存储在OneDrive和Dropbox这样的云存储中，而不是在物理空间中。这也可能与他们习惯使用的其他应用程序有关)”和第四段“Itmayalsobethatinanagewher

eeveryuserinterfaceincludesasearchfunction,youngpeoplehaveneverneededfoldersordirectories.Thefirstinternetsearchengineswereusedaround1990

,butfeatureslikeWindowsSearchareproductsoftheearly2000s.(也可能是在每个用户界面都包含搜索功能的时代，年轻人从来不需要文件夹或目录。第一个互联网搜

索引擎是在1990年左右使用的，但像Windows搜索这样的功能是21世纪初的产品)”推知，思维模式的改变反映了科技的进步。故选D。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Garland’smentalmodeliscommonlykn

ownas“directorystructure”,thehierarchicalsystem(层级体系)offoldersusedtoarrangefiles.(Garland的思维模式通常被称为“目录结构”，即用于排列文件

的文件夹的分层系统)”和“Someofitboilsdowntomusclememory.(有些可以归结为肌肉记忆)”推知，作者提到Garland和Voge的故事，是为了强调两代人之间不同的思维模式。故选A。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Buttheissueisl

ikelynotthatmodernstudentsarelearningfewerdigitalskills,butratherthatthey’relearningdifferentones.Garland,forallherknowledgeof

directorystructure,doesn’tunderstandInstagramnearlyaswellasherstudentsdo.“Theyusecomputersoneway,andweusecomputersanot

herway,”Garlandemphasizes.“That’swheretheproblemlies.”(但问题可能不在于现代学生学习的数字技能越来越少，而在于他们学习的数字技能有所不同。尽管Garland对目录结构很了解，但她对Instagram的理解远不如她的学生。Garland强调：“他

们使用电脑的方式是一种，而我们使用电脑的方式是另一种。”“这就是问题所在。”)”推知，解决问题的最好方法是增进代际理解。故选B。(B)49.Accordingtotheadvertisement,whichofthefollowingisTRUEo

ftinnitus?A.20%ofthesufferersvisitdoctorsforit.B.Itmayresultinnumeroushealthissues.C.Itiscausedbysleeplessnessandanxiety.D.Tinnitusspecialistsmaylo

sehearing.50.HowdoestheSoundTherapyprogramwork?A.Byreducingone’sexposuretonoise.B.Byofferingpatientstinnitusreliefpills.C.Byhiringthebestdoctorsa

ndresearchers.D.Byusingmusictoimprovebrainconnections.51.Bycalling1300557796,onecan________.A.discusswithENTdoctors.B.buysomeDVDinfopacksC.consultsom

eoneabouthisneeds.D.participateintheprogramforfree【答案】49.B50.D51.C【解析】【导语】本文为应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍了耳鸣的症状和如何治疗耳鸣。【49题详解】细

节理解题。根据文章右栏第一段最后一句“Itisoftenaccompaniedbydizziness,certaindegreeofsoundsensitivity,blocked-earorhearingloss.(常伴有头晕、一定程度的声音敏感、耳

塞或听力损失。)”可知，耳鸣常伴有其他的症状，即可能会导致许多健康问题。故选B项。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据右栏第二段第二句“Itusehighfrequenystimulation,throughmusic,tore-bui

ldandorganizebrainconnections.(它利用高频率的刺激，通过音乐，重建和组织大脑连接。)”可知，声音疗法的原理是通过高频率的刺激，通过音乐重建和大脑的联系。故选D项。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据左侧最后一段“T

olearnexactlyhowourprogramworksandgetaFREEDVDinfopack,visitourwebsitewww.mysoundtheraphy.com/rdorcall13005

57796anddiscussyourneedswithoneofourconsultants.(要确切了解我们的计划如何运作并获得免费的DVD信息包，请访问我们的网站www.mysoundtheraphy.com/rd或

致电1300557796与我们的一位顾问讨论您的需求。)”可知，打1300557796这个电话可以了解更多信息，获得免费DVD，还可以销售顾问探讨自己的详细需求。故选C项。(C)IntheancientwalledcityofSana’a,mudskyscrapersriseh

ighintothesky.Thetoweringstructuresarebuiltentirelyoutofearthanddecoratedwithstrikinggeometricpatterns.Thelocalmudarchitectureissoun

iquethatthecityhasbeenrecognisedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.“Asanoutstandingexampleofarchitecturereflectingthespatialcharacteristicsofthe

earlyyears,thecityinitslandscapehasanextraordinaryartisticandpictorialquality,”UNESCOwritesinitsdescriptionofSana’a.“Thebuildingsalsodem

onstrateexceptionalcraftsmanshipintheuseoflocalmaterialsandtechniques.”EventhoughthebuildingsinSana’aare

thousandsofyearsold,theyremain“terriblycontemporary”,saysSalmaSamarDamliyi,co-founderoftheMudBrickArchitectureFoundation.Th

eancientstructuresarestillinhabitedtodayandmostremainprivateresidences.Damliyisaysitiseasytoseewhythesemudb

uildingshavenotlosttheirappeal—theyarewell-insulated(绝缘的)，sustainableandextremelyadaptableformodernuse.“It

isthearchitectureofthefuture,”saysDamliyi.Architectsaroundtheworldarereviving(复兴)raw-earthconstructionastheyseektoconstructsustainablebuil

dingsthatcanresistextremeweathereventssuchasflashfloodsandintenseheat.Couldthisancientformofarchitectureinfluencethedesignofourfuturehomes

?Theconstructionindustryaccountsfor38%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.Thebuildingsectorhasanimportantroletop

layiftheworldistomeetthegoalofreachingnetzeroby2050.Concrete,acommonmodernconstructionmaterial,hasahugecarbonfootprint.Replacingconcretewithless

pollutingmaterialsiscriticaltoachievingourclimategoals,scientistswarn.Theancientmaterialmud,couldbetheperfectsustainablealternativetoconcrete,accordi

ngtoDamliyi.Constructingwithmudhasaverylowimpactontheenvironmentandthematerialitselfisfullyrecyclable,shesays.“Ifyo

uwanttopulldownawallorchangethedesign,youcanrecycleallthematerials.”Anaddedbonusisthatmudbuildingsarewa

rminthewinterandcoolinthesummer.Thisreducestheneedforairconditioningunits,whichconsumelargeamountsofelectricityandcontainrefrigerantsthatcomprisegr

eenhousegasemissions.Mudstructuresarealsoincrediblystrongandresistanttoextremeweather,suchasheatwaves,floodsanddroughts,whichscientistssaywillbecomem

orefrequentandintenseastemperaturescontinuetorise.Therefore,peoplewhowishtoliveinamodern,comfortablehomeshoul

dconsideronemadeofmud.Overall,itmakesforhighlyadvancedaswellassustainabledesign.52.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,buildingsinSana’aare“unique”becau

se________.,A.theyaretallandtowerovertheentirecityB.theirgeometricpatternscreateartisticfeelingsC.theyarebeautiful

lycraftedwithlocalresourcesD.theirfascinatinghistoryhasattractedmanytourists53.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabout

mudmaterialsaccordingtothepassage?A.Theycanreducethechanceofextremeweatherevents.B.Theycanbeidealforsustainablefuture

construction.C.Theymightproducelotsofgreenhousegasemissions.D.Theymightcausesubstantialtemperaturechanges.54

.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.mudmightbeanimportantsolutiontotheclimatecrisisB.themudbuildingsin

Sana’aarenolongersuitabletoliveC.rebuildingmudconstructionwouldtakegreateffortsD.mudbecomesthefavouritematerialofarchite

cts55.Whatdoyouthinkmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheHistoricCitiesthatMarkHumanCivilizationB.TheConstructionIndustrythatThreatensClimateGoa

lsC.TheModernArchitecturethatSurvivesExtremeWeatherD.TheAncientMaterialthatMakesforFutureHouseDesigns【答案】52.C53.B54.A55.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明

文。本文以Sana’a具有特色的泥质城堡引入，主要介绍了泥浆这种古老的材料可作为完美的可持续的建筑材料。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Thetoweringstructuresarebuiltentire

lyoutofearthanddecoratedwithstrikinggeometricpatterns.ThelocalmudarchitectureissouniquethatthecityhasbeenrecognisedasaUNESCOWorldHeri

tagesite.(这些高耸的建筑完全是用泥土建造的，装饰着引人注目的几何图案。当地的泥建筑非常独特，因此这座城市已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”和第二段的“Thebuildingsalsodemonstrateexceptionalcraftsmanshipintheuseo

flocalmaterialsandtechniques.(这些建筑还展示了在使用当地材料和技术方面的卓越工艺)”可知，Sana’a的建筑的独特之处在于它们是用当地的资源进行精心装饰的。故选C。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Damliyisaysitiseasy

toseewhythesemudbuildingshavenotlosttheirappeal—theyarewell-insulated(绝缘的)，sustainableandextremelyadaptableformodernuse.“Itisthearchitectureofthe

future,”saysDamliyi.(达姆利伊说，很容易理解为什么这些泥土建筑没有失去吸引力——它们绝缘良好，可持续发展，非常适合现代使用。“这是未来的建筑，”达姆利耶说)”和第四段的“Architectsaro

undtheworldarereviving(复兴)raw-earthconstructionastheyseektoconstructsustainablebuildingsthatcanresistextremeweathereventssuchasflash

floodsandintenseheat.(世界各地的建筑师正在复兴生土建筑，因为他们寻求建造能够抵御暴洪和高温等极端天气事件的可持续建筑)”可知，泥土材料是未来可持续建设的理想选择。故选B。【54题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Theconstructionindustry

accountsfor38%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.Thebuildingsectorhasanimportantroletoplayiftheworldistomeetthegoalofreachingnetzeroby2050.Conc

rete,acommonmodernconstructionmaterial,hasahugecarbonfootprint.Replacingconcretewithlesspollutingmaterialsiscriticaltoachievingourclimategoals

,scientistswarn.(建筑业占全球二氧化碳排放量的38%。如果世界要实现到2050年实现净零排放的目标，建筑行业可以发挥重要作用。混凝土是一种常见的现代建筑材料，它的碳足迹非常大。科学家警告说，用污染更少的材料取代混凝土对实现我们的气候目标至关重要)”和倒数第二段的“Thean

cientmaterial,mud,couldbetheperfectsustainablealternativetoconcrete,accordingtoDamliyi.Constructingwi

thmudhasaverylowimpactontheenvironmentandthematerialitselfisfullyrecyclable,shesays.(达姆利伊表示，这种古老的材料——泥浆，可能是混凝土的完美可持续替代品。她说，用泥浆建筑对环境的影响非常小，而且材料本身是

完全可回收的)”推知，泥浆可能是气候危机的重要解决方法。故选A。【55题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段的“Damliyisaysitiseasytoseewhythesemudbuildingshavenot

losttheirappeal—theyarewell-insulated(绝缘的)，sustainableandextremelyadaptableformodernuse.“Itisthearchitectureofthefuture,”saysDamliyi.(达姆利伊说，很容易理解为什么这

些泥土建筑没有失去吸引力——它们绝缘良好，可持续发展，非常适合现代使用。“这是未来的建筑，”达姆利耶说)”和最后一段“Therefore,peoplewhowishtoliveinamodern,comfortablehomeshould

consideronemadeofmud.Overall,itmakesforhighlyadvancedaswellassustainabledesign.(因此，想要住在现代舒适的房子里的人应该考虑用泥土做的房子。总的来说，它有助于高度先进和可持续的设计)”可知

，本文主要介绍了泥浆这种古老的材料可作为完美的可持续的建筑材料。D项“古老的材料造就了未来的房屋设计”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。SectionC(8分)Directions:Readthefallowingpass

age.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyo

uneed.Out-of-controlSpaceXRocketASpaceXrocketisnowheadeddirectlyforthemoonafterspendingalmostsevenyearsflying

throughspace,expertssay.TherocketwasoriginallylaunchedtosendaspaceweathersatellitetotheLagrangepoint—agravity-neutralpositionfourtimesfarther

thanthemoonandindirectlinewiththesun.____56____Atthisphase,itdidnothaveenoughfueltoreturntoEarth’satmosphere.Butmeanwhileitlack

edtheenergytoescapethegravityoftheEarth-Moonsystem.____57____Spaceobserversbelievethatitisoncoursetointersect(相交)withthemoon.BillGray,

whowritessoftwaretotracknear-Earthobjects,hassaidtherocketwillverylikelyhitthefarsideofthemoon,neartheequator.“Thisisthefi

rstunintentionalcaseofspacejunkhittingthemoonofwhichI’maware,”Grayadded.____58____Becauseoftheunpredictableeffectofsunlight“pushing”ontherocketand“

difficultyinmeasuringrotation(旋转)periods”,itsorbitmaybeslightlyaltered.“Buttheseunpredictableeffectsareverysmall,”Graywrote.Headdedthatfurthe

robservationswereneededtodecidetheprecisetimeandlocationoftheimpact.Inarecentblogpost,hewrotethattherockethasmadeacloselunarflyby,and

willdefinitelymakeanimpact.Asforwhetherthecollision(相撞)couldbeviewedfromEarth,Graysaysitwillprobablygounobserved.”Eveni

fithitonthenearsideofthemoon,theimpactoccursacoupleofdaysafterNewMoon,whichwashardlyobservable,headded,“tome,theimpactwasnotabigdeal.”____59____

Theybelievethattheeventwillallowforobservationofvaluablelunarmaterialsejected(弹射)bytherocketsstrike.A.Sotherockethasbeenfollowin

gasomewhatchaoticorbitsince.B.Nevertheless,spaceenthusiastsbelievetheimpactcouldprovidevaluabledata.CItwaspartofSpaceX’sspace

explorationprogramme.D.Butaftercompletingalongburnofitsengines,therocket’ssecondphasebecameaproblem.E.Theexactspotthattherock

etwillhitremainsunclear.F.Thelunarphaserevealsthepassageoftimeinthenightsky.【答案】56.D57.A58.E59.B【解析】【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一颗名为SpaceX火箭在太空飞行了近七年后

，现在直接前往月球。根据科学家们的说法，火箭没有足够的燃料返回地球大气层，但也缺乏逃离地月系统引力的能量，预计会.在2022年3月初与月球相撞，撞击可能会撞击月球背面，靠近赤道。【56题详解】根据前文“Therocketwasoriginallylaunchedtosendaspa

ceweathersatellitetotheLagrangepoint—agravity-neutralpositionfourtimesfartherthanthemoonandindirectlinewiththesun.(火箭最初发射的目的是将一颗太空气象卫星发送到拉格朗日点，一个

距离月球四倍远、与太阳成直线的重力中性点。)”和下一段第一句“Atthisphase,itdidnothaveenoughfueltoreturntoEarth’satmosphere.(在这个阶段，它没有足够的燃料返回地球大气层。)”可知，空格处的

句子要承接上文，且要提及下文的“Atthisphase”，D选项“但在完成了引擎的长时间燃烧后，火箭的第二阶段就成了一个问题。”的“But”与前文的“originallylaunchedto”形成对比，表明出现了问题，引出火箭的第二阶段，选项中“

therocket’ssecondphase”即为下文提及的“Atthisphase”，符合语境。故选D项。【57题详解】根据前文“Atthisphase,itdidnothaveenoughfueltoreturntoEarth’satmosphe

re.ButmeanwhileitlackedtheenergytoescapethegravityoftheEarth-Moonsystem.(在这个阶段，它没有足够的燃料返回地球大气层。但与此同时，它缺乏逃离地月系统引力的能量。)”可知，在这一阶段，火箭遇到了进退两难的问题，横线处

的句子要承接上文，A选项“因此，自那以后，火箭一直沿着一条有点混乱的轨道运行。”表明了不能回地球也不能离开月球的结果就是开始偏离轨道，承接上文，符合语境。故选A项。【58题详解】根据上一段最后一句““Thisisth

efirstunintentionalcaseofspacejunkhittingthemoonofwhichI’maware,”Grayadded.(“这是我所知道的太空垃圾撞击月球的第一起无意案例，”格雷补充

道。)”和后文“Becauseoftheunpredictableeffectofsunlight“pushing”ontherocketand“difficultyinmeasuringrotation(旋转)periods”,itsorb

itmaybeslightlyaltered.(由于阳光对火箭“推动”的不可预测的影响以及“难以测量旋转周期”，其轨道可能会略有改变。)”可知，偏离轨道导致会撞上月球，但因为有着难以测量的因素，所以不好精确地预测到底会撞击在月球哪个部位

。E选项“火箭将击中的确切地点仍不清楚。”承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。【59题详解】根据前文“Evenifithitonthenearsideofthemoon,theimpactoccursacoupleofdaysafterNewMoon

,whichwashardlyobservable,headded,“tome,theimpactwasnotabigdeal.”(即使它击中了月球的近侧，撞击也发生在新月之后的几天，这几乎是无法观察

到的，他补充说，“对我来说，撞击没什么大不了的。”)”和后文“Theybelievethattheeventwillallowforobservationofvaluablelunarmaterialseject

ed(弹射)bytherocketsstrike.(他们认为，这一事件将有助于观测火箭撞击所喷出的宝贵月球物质。)”可知，虽然这次撞击对于Gray来说是没有意义的，但对于观察火箭袭击月球喷射是珍贵的材料。B选项“尽管如此，太空爱好者相信这次撞击可能会提供宝贵的数据。”中的“t

heimpactcouldprovidevaluabledata.”与后文“observationofvaluablelunarmaterialsejectedbytherocketsstrike”相对应，符合语境。故选B项。I

VSummarywriting(10分)60.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinn

omorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhyLaughterYogaMakesYouSmile“Friends,Imusttellyou,laughteryogaisnotacomedy.”Dr

MadanKataria,thecreatoroflaughteryoga,anexerciseprogrammeinvolvingprolongedlaughter,said.Laughteryoga,acombinationofbreathingexercisesandde

liberate(故意的)laughter,camefromhumblebeginnings,buthasmushroomedintoaglobalmovement.Hundredsofclubs,usuallyfreetoattend,havenowbeenestablished

acrossAsia,EuropeandNorthAmerica.“Ihadreadsomuchaboutthebenefitsoflaughter,andhowactingoutemotions,especiallythroughfacialexp

ressions,cancreatethem,”Katariatellsme.Butherealisedhewouldn’toftenseepeoplelaughinginMumbai.“Theideastr

uckme:whynotstartalaughterclub?Laughterreducesstress,”Katariagoeson,followingsomeyogicpostures,“itmakes

yourimmune(免疫)systemstrongerandkeepsyourmindpositive!”FivepeopleattendedKatana’sfirstmeet-upinMumbaiin1995.Heinitiallyaskedparticipants

totelljokestoforcelaughter,butasattendancesgrewKatarialearnedthatlaughingfornoreasonatallwasthebestmethod.“Westa

rtedjustfakinglaughter,”hesays.“Andthenpeoplestartedlaughingforreal.Itwasinfectious;wecouldn’tstop.”Laughteryogaaddress

esadeep-seatedneedtolaughthatisbeingstifled(遏制).Youngchildrencanlaughhundredsoftimesaday.Butaswegetolder,thefunbeginstostop—ourbrainslearnhowto

adaptouremotionsintunewiththeneedsofothers.Wedevelopempathy(同理心).Butsoarewetoldtostoplaughingandbeseriousaboutlife.There’softe

nasensethatifyou’relaughing,you’renotproperlylearning,orworking,orfocusing,orpayingrespect.Sometimesthisisjustified,bu

tnotalways.Perhapsthatistherecipeforthegrowingpopularityoflaughteryoga._________________________________________

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_【答案】Laughteryoga,acombinationofbreathingexercisesanddeliberatelaughter,isanewwaytoreducestressandimproveimmunity.Dr.Madanstartedthef

irstlaughterclubin1995andthemethodwaslaughingfornoreason.Itaddressesadeep-seatedneedtolaughthatisbeingstifled,whichisthesecretofitsgrowingp

opularity.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文化介绍了“笑声瑜伽”。笑声瑜伽是一项结合了呼吸练习和故意的大笑的运动，因为笑声可以减轻压力，增强您的免疫力，保持积极向上的思想，还解决了一种根深蒂固的大笑需求，现已迅速发展成为一项全球运

动。【详解】1.要点摘录①Laughteryoga,acombinationofbreathingexercisesanddeliberate(故意的)laughter,camefromhumblebeginnings,butha

smushroomedintoaglobalmovement.②Theideastruckme:whynotstartalaughterclub?Laughterreducesstress.③Itmakesyourimmune(免疫)systemstronger

andkeepsyourmindpositive!④Heinitiallyaskedparticipantstotelljokestoforcelaughter,butasattendancesgrewKatarialearnedthatlaughingforn

oreasonatallwasthebestmethod.⑤Laughteryogaaddressesadeep-seatedneedtolaughthatisbeingstifled(遏制).Perhapsthatistherecipeforthegrowingpopul

arityoflaughteryoga.2.缜密构思将1、2、3三个要点结合，将4、5两个要点整合。3.遣词造句Laughteryoga,acombinationofbreathingexercisesanddeliberatelaughter,isanew

waytoreducestressandimproveimmunity.DrMadanstartedthefirstlaughterclubin1995andthemethodwaslaughingf

ornoreason.Itaddressesadeep-seatedneedtolaughthatisbeingstifled,whichisthesecretofitsgrowingpopularity.【点睛】【高分句型1】Laught

eryoga,acombinationofbreathingexercisesanddeliberatelaughter,isanewwaytoreducestressandimproveimmunity.（运用了acombinationof的名词短

语作插入语）【高分句型2】Itaddressesadeep-seatedneedtolaughthatisbeingstifled,whichisthesecretofitsgrowingpopularity.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）V.Trans

lation(15分)Directions:Translatethefolio-wingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.61.做人务必要学会保持低调。(p

rofile)(汉译英).【答案】Wemustlearntokeepalowprofile.【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和短语。根据语境，此处可用we作主语，“必须”用情态动词must表示，“学会做某事”learntodosth.，“保持低调”keepalowpr

ofile。故翻译为Wemustlearntokeepalowprofile.62.小张进电梯时把脚踝给崴了，现在医生正在给她缠绷带。(have)(汉译英)【答案】XiaoZhanghadheranklesprainedwhens

heenteredtheelevator,andnowthedoctorishavingitbandaged.【解析】【详解】考查时态、从句和使役动词have的用法。“小张进电梯时把脚踝给崴了”陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，“把脚给崴了”可表达为hav

eone’sanklesprained，sprained为过去分词作宾补，“进电梯时”处理为when的引导的时间状语从句，“进入”用enter表达；“现在医生正在给她缠绷带”陈述现在正在发生的事情，用现在进行时，“正在给她缠绷带”可表达为h

aveitbandaged，it指代上文出现的herankle，bandaged为过去分词作宾补。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为XiaoZhanghadheranklesprainedwhensheenteredtheelevator,

andnowthedoctorishavingitbandaged.63.在教练的指导下，国家队完美发挥，最终赢得了体操锦标赛的冠军。(so...that...)(汉译英)【答案】Undertheguidanceofthecoach,thenationalteamperformed

sowellthattheyfinallywonthegymnasticschampionship.【解析】【详解】考查短语，时态和从句。句子陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；“在……的指导下”表达为undertheguidanceof；根据提示，本句应处理为主从复合句；主句：“国家队”thena

itonalteam作主语，“发挥”perform作谓语；从句：they（指代国家队成员）作主语，“赢得”win作谓语，“体操锦标赛冠军”hegymnasticschampionship作宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Undertheguidanceofthecoach

,thenationalteamperformedsowellthattheyfinallywonthegymnasticschampionship.64.高科技产品也会存在盲区，一旦技术失灵，人就得发挥主观能动性，而不是焦头烂额、束手无策。(exist)(汉译英)【

答案】Thereexistsblindzoneinhigh-techproducts.Oncethetechnologyfails,peoplehavetoexerttheirsubjectiveinitiative,ratherthanbeingo

verwhelmedandhelpless.【解析】【详解】考查动词、名词和条件状语从句。表示“高科技产品”用名词high-techproducts，表示“存在”用提示词exist，表示“盲区”用名词blindzone，“高科技产品也会存在盲区”可以翻译为Thereexistsb

lindzoneinhigh-techproducts；表示“技术失灵”可用短语thetechnologyfails，表示“主观能动性”应用短语subjectiveinitiative，“焦头烂额、束手无策”应用形容词overwhelmedandhelpless，“一旦技术失灵，人就得发挥主观能动

性，而不是焦头烂额、束手无策。”为条件状语从句，可以翻译为Oncethetechnologyfails,peoplehavetoexerttheirsubjectiveinitiative,ratherthanbeingoverwhelmedandhelpl

ess.。故翻译为Thereexistsblindzoneinhigh-techproducts.Oncethetechnologyfails,peoplehavetoexerttheirsubjective

initiative,ratherthanbeingoverwhelmedandhelpless.。VI.Guidedwriting(25分)65.Directions:WriteanEnglishcomposi

tionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是光明中学的学生张华。你们学校拟开设劳动课程，现给出如下方案，学校委托学生会征

询大家的意见。内容高一：电器使用和维护高二：植物种植与养护高三：物品整理和收纳时间每学期最后两周，每周2整天地点理科实验专用教室给学生会写一封邮件，内容须包括：1)你认为该方案中存在的问题；2)你的建议和理由。_____________________________________

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DearStudents’Union,I’mwritingtoputforwardsomeadviceonthelaborcourseplannedbyyou.Itisofgreatbenefitforusstudentstotakealaborcoursewit

hanintentionofbuildingupourbodyandlearningmorelifeskills.However,accordingtotheschedule,thecontentof

thelaborcourse,whichIthinkisnotappropriateforthesenior1students,issupposedtobeadjustedbecausetheyshouldbedevelopedsomebasi

cskillsofschoollifesothattheycanadapttotheindependentschoollifequickly.Furthermore,asfarasthetimegiventhelaborcours

eisconcerned,itisnotenoughatall.Inordertopaymoreattentiontothelaborcourse,studentsshouldbeofferedmoretimetoexperiencemoreactivitiesr

elatedtothelaborcourse.I’mdeeplyconvincedthataslongasyoutakemyadviceintoaccount,thislaborcoursewillbeinterestingandrewarding.Yourssincerely,Z

hangHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给学校学生会写一封邮件，就学校拟开设劳动课程的方案提出问题，并给出建议和理由。【详解】1.词汇积累提出：putforward→comeupwith方案：schedul

e→plan此外：furthermore→what’smore考虑：take…intoaccount→take…intoconsideration2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’mwritingtoputforwardsomeadviceonthelabor

courseplannedbyyou.拓展句：I’mwritingtoputforwardsomeadviceonthelaborcoursewhichisplannedbyyou.【点睛】【高分句型1】Itisofgreatbenefitforusstudentstotakeala

borcoursewithanintentionofbuildingupourbody,learningmorelifeskills.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语）【高分句型2】However,accordingtothes

chedule,thecontentofthelaborcourse,whichIthinkisnotappropriateforthesenior1,issupposedtobeadjustedbecausetheyshouldbedevelopedsomebasi

cskillsofschoollifesothattheycanadapttotheindependentschoollife.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，because引导的原因状语从句以及sothat引导的目的状语从句）