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和平街一中2024—2025学年度第一学期高二年级英语10月调研试卷本试卷共9页，共100分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意

，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。BreakdownandStart-upJustovertwoyearsago,Iwasdrivinghomefairlyla

teonenightonaquiet,remoteroadwhenanothercarsuddenlymovedtowardsmewithgreat___1___.Ihadtomakeasuddenandquicksidewaysmovementto_

__2___hittingitandIalmosthitatree.LuckilyIwasn’thurt,butIcouldn’tgetmycartostart.Ithadbrokendown.Ifeltquite___3___asitwaslateandtherewerehardlyanyot

hercarsaround.I___4___myroadsideassistancecompanyforhelpandtheytoldmesomeonewouldbethereinaroundoneandhalfanhour.Afteraboutfifteenminutes,apassi

ngcar___5___andastrongmanwithaseriousfacesteppedoutofthecar.HeaskedifIneeded___6___andItoldhimwhathadhappened.He___7___offeredtostaywit

hmeuntilroadsideassistancearrived.IwasuncertainaboutwhattodobecauseIwasnervousanduneasy.Therewassomethingverycalmandcomfortableinhisvoice,

soItookhimuponhisoffer.Whilewaiting,westartedtalkingandreally___8___itoff.Bythetimetheroadsideassistancemanturnedup,we’darrangedto___9___again.

Twoyearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether.IwishIcouldthankthecarelessdriverwhoforcedmeofftheroad.Ifhewasabetterdriver,I’d

neverhavemetalifelong____10____.1.A.powerB.effortC.careD.speed2.A.avoidB.practiceC.riskD.delay3.A.guiltyB.ashamedC

.anxiousD.curious4A.phonedB.recommendedC.blamedD.examined5.A.startedupB.brokedownC.droveoffD.pulledup6.A.spaceB.helpC.careD.informatio

n7.A.kindlyB.carefullyC.eagerlyD.rudely8.A.tookB.shookC.knockedD.hit9.A.travelB.playC.meetD.wait.10.A.interestB.friendshipC.

dreamD.habit【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.A5.D6.B7.A8.D9.C10.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在一个晚上为了躲避车辆而导致自己的车无法再次启动，一个好心的司机停

下车来陪着作者聊天，直到路边救援公司到来，此后作者和那个人成为了好朋友。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在两年前的一个晚上，我很晚才开车回家，行驶在一条僻静偏僻的路上，突然另一辆车以极快的速度向我驶来。A.power权力；B.e

ffort努力；C.care照料，护理；D.speed速度。根据下文“Ihadtomakeasuddenandquicksidewaysmovement”可知，突然另一辆车以极快的速度向作者驶来。故选D。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免撞到它，我不得

不突然快速地向旁边移动，结果我差点撞到一棵树。A.avoid避免；B.practice练习；C.risk风险；D.delay推迟。根据下文“hittingit”可知，作者是避免撞到那辆车。故选A。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很担心，因为已

经很晚了，周围又几乎没有别的车。A.guilty有罪的；B.ashamed惭愧的；C.anxious焦虑的，担心的；D.curious好奇的。根据下文“therewerehardlyanyothercarsaround”可知，天很晚，周围又没有车，所以作者很担心。故选C。【4题详解】考查动

词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给路边救援公司寻求帮助，他们告诉我一个半小时左右就会有人到。A.phoned打电话；B.recommended推荐；C.blamed责备；D.examined检查。根据下文“the

ytoldmesomeonewouldbethereinaroundoneandhalfanhour”可知，作者打电话给路边救援公司寻求帮助。故选A。【5题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约十五分钟后

，一辆路过的汽车停了下来，一位神情严肃的壮汉从车里走了出来。A.startedup开始；B.brokedown出故障；C.droveoff驾车离去；D.pulledup停下来。根据下文“astrongmanwithaseriousfaceste

ppedoutofthecar”可知，一辆路过的汽车停了下来。故选D。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他问我是否需要帮助，我告诉他发生了什么事。A.space空间；B.help帮助；C.care照料，护理；D.informatio

n信息。根据下文“Itoldhimwhathadhappened”可知，那个人应该是问作者是否需要帮助。故选B。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他好心地提出在路边救援人员到来之前陪着我。A.kindly好心地；B.carefully仔细地；C.eagerly急切地；D.rudely粗鲁地。

根据下文“offeredtostaywithme”可知，那个人好心地提出在路边救援人员到来之前陪着作者。故选A。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等待的时候，我们开始聊天，非常合得来。A.took拿走；

B.shook摇晃；C.knocked敲；D.hit打，击。根据下文“Twoyearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether”可知，作者和那个人非常合得来，hititoff是固定短语，意为“合得来”。故选D。【9题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：路边救援人员出现时，我们已经安排好了再次见面。A.travel旅行；B.play玩儿；C.meet见面；D.wait等待。根据上文“really___8___itoff”和下文“Twoyearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifeto

gether”可知，作者和那个人已经安排好了再次见面。故选C。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他是一个更好的司机，我永远不会遇到终身的友谊。A.interest兴趣；B.friendship友谊；C.dream梦想；D.habit习惯。根据上文“Twoyearson,wehaveshar

edthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether”可知，此处表示“如果他是一个更好的司机，我永远不会遇到终身的友谊”。故选B。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当

的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Engineersinventedanewdevicetoproducesolarelectricityatnight.Solarpanelstransformsunlightintoenergy,sothey____11____

(traditional)workonlyduringdaylighthours.Thisdevice,however____12____(use)athermoelectricgenerator,whichcreatesenergyfromdifferencesintemperat

ure.Inthiscase,cooleveningairisaslightlydifferenttemperaturethanthesolarcellinthepanel.Thatbecomesenergy,____

_13_____istransformedintoelectricity.Thedevicecouldbehelpfulinareas_____14_____(locate)farfromapowergrid(电网).【答案】11.traditionally12.uses13.which14

.located【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了工程师发明了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量，因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句子分

析可知，此处作状语，修饰动词work，故应用副词“traditionally传统地”修饰，故填traditionally。【12题详解】考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生

能量。此处thisdevice作主语，为单数，与谓语动词use之间为主动关系，且根据后文的creates可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填uses。【13题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就变成了能量，再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为energ

y，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故填which。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说，是很有帮助的。此处作定语，修饰areas，areas与locate之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填located。B阅读下列短文，

根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenIreadoneofGraham’sbooksandseehimonTV,Iamproudofhim.Iused___15___(

teach)him!IrememberGrahamwasverydifficult____16____Itaughthim.ButhechangedquicklyafterIsetupanexperimentto

showhowthehumanstomachworks____17____(use)acidandanonion.【答案】15.toteach16.before17.using【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者曾经的学生Graham成为了一名作家，作者为他骄

傲。【15题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我以前教过他！usedtodo意思为：过去常常……。故填toteach。【16题详解】考查连词。句意：我记得在我教他之前，格雷厄姆非常难教。根据后文“ButhechangedquicklyafterIsetupanexperiment”可知，在

作者开始教Graham之前，他很难教，“在……之前”为before。故填before。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但在我用酸和洋葱做了一个实验来展示人类的胃是如何工作之后，他很快就改变了。句子中已有动词，空处为非谓语

动词，逻辑主语I与use构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填using。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nickwasridinghisbikeal

ongtheArchingRiverwhenhenoticedsomething____18____(usual)inthewater.Hetookacloserlookandsawapairoffin-likethingscirclingabovetheriver’ssurface.___

_19____(confuse)bywhathehadseen,NicktookavideoandposteditontheInternet.Dayslater,someresearchersconfirmedthathe____20____(spot)tw

odolphins—thefirstcetacean(鲸目动物)sightedinthisriversince2017—andthissuggestedtheeffortstorestorethehealthoftheriverwerepayingoff.【答案】18.unusual19.Co

nfused20.hadspotted##spotted【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Nick在河中发现鲸目动物，说明环境得到了改善。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：Nick沿着拱门河骑着自行车，突然他注意到河里有不寻常的东西。som

ething是一个不定代词，后面一般加的是形容词。结合句意，用形容词unusual，表示“不同寻常的”。故填unusual。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Nick对他所看到的感到困惑，他拍了一段视频并发布在网上。beconfusedby对……困惑，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形

式。故填Confused。【20题详解】考查时态。句意：几天后，一些研究人员证实，他发现了两只海豚，这是自2017年以来在这条河中发现的第一只鲸类动物，这表明恢复河流健康的努力正在取得成效。根据时间状语可知，从句的动作发生在主句过去动作confirmed之前，所

以用过去完成时。或者表示陈述过去事实，所以也可用一般过去时。故填hadspotted/spotted。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWanttoexp

lorenewviews,trynewactivitiesandhavehappyfamilyhoursatthesametime?Herearesomebrightideas.FlipOut,GlasgowThisplaceholdstheimpressivetitleofbein

gthebiggesttrampoline(蹦床)showgroundintheworld.Setin63,000squarefeet,therearezonestailoredforyoungerchildren,aswellasballgamessuchasfootballandb

asketball.TryaFlipFitexerciseclasswhereyoucanburn1000caloriespersession.Standardone-hour￡11.KewGardens,LondonThereare300acr

esofgreenspacetoexplorewiththousandsofplantstodiscoverfromallaroundtheworld.Goinsidetheglasshouses,andgetupclosetoKew’scollectionoftre

esinits59ft-hightreetopwalkway.TheChildren’sGardeniswherekidscandiscoverearth,air,sunandwater—alltheele

mentsthatplantsneedtogrow.Familyoffourticket,￡41.25.IronbridgeGorgeMuseums,ShropshireStepbackintimeatBlistsHillVictorianTown,wh

erelifefrommorethanacenturyagoiscarefullyrecreated.Changeyourmoneyintopounds,shillingsandpenceatthebanktospendintheshopsandtreatyourselftoso

metraditionalfishandchipsfromtheFryers.TicketstotheVictorianTown，￡21.50adults.BewilderwoodNorfolkandCheshir

eInspiredbytheBeWILDerwoodbookseriesbyTomBiofeld,thewholefamilycanspendhoursclimbingacrossawoodenadventurelandinN

orfolk.There’severythingfromabovegroundrope-walkstoclimbingwalls,andconfusingmazes.Childrenunder92cmgetinfree,between92cmand105cm￡

19.50,over105cm￡21.50.Adults￡25.50.GreenWoodFamilyPark,NorthWalesItisanoutdooradventurelocatedbeneaththetreesofSnowdo

niaNationalPark.Runwildthroughancientforest,andwanderaroundtheEnchantedRiverRide.HavefunontheUK’sonlysolar-poweredwaterrideandjumpabo

ardtheworld’sfirstpeople-poweredrollercoaster.Onlineadvancedadulttickets,￡16.50,children￡16.Formoreinformation,pleasecontactthetravelagenc

yviatraveldesk@MirrorTravel.com.21.FlipOutisuniqueinits_______.A.fitnessclassB.specialzonesforchildrenC.sportsgamesD.trampolineshowgrou

ndarea22.Ifyouwanttoexperiencelifeintheoldtime,whichactivitywillyouchoose?A.KewGardensB.IronbridgeGorg

eMuseumsC.GreenWoodFamilyParkD.BewilderwoodNorfolkandCheshire23.IftheSmithsandtheirdaughter,lessthan92cm,wanttogotoBewilderwood,howmuchwouldtheyp

ay?A.25.5B.45C.51D.47【答案】21.D22.B23.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国几处适合家庭活动的场地和活动项目。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据FlipOut,Glasgow中关键句“

Thisplaceholdstheimpressivetitleofbeingthebiggesttrampoline(蹦床)showgroundintheworld.(这个地方拥有世界上最大的蹦床展示区的称号)”可知

，FlipOut的特殊之处在于它有世界上最大的蹦床展示区。故选D。22题详解】细节理解题。根据IronbridgeGorgeMuseums,Shropshire中关键句“StepbackintimeatBlistsHil

lVictorianTown,wherelifefrommorethanacenturyagoiscarefullyrecreated.(回到布里斯特山维多利亚小镇，一个多世纪前的生活被精心重现)”可知，如果想体验旧时生活，应该选择IronbridgeGorgeMuseum

s。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据BewilderwoodNorfolkandCheshire中关键句“Childrenunder92cmgetinfree,between92cmand105cm￡19.50,over105cm￡21.50.

Adults￡25.50.(92厘米以下的孩子免费，92厘米到105厘米的孩子19.50英镑，105厘米以上的孩子21.50英镑。成人25.50英镑)”可知，史密斯夫妇需要花费51英镑，少于92厘米的孩子免费，一共需要花费51英镑。故选C。BAsmostofyouknow,t

hefirstyearofuniversityisalwaysthehardesttoadaptto.Theadditionoftakingcareofyourself,makingnewfriends,learn

inghowtogetaroundcampus,andschoolcansometimesbetoomuchtobear.Iwouldliketoattendmedicalschoolaftermyfour-yearundergraduate.Itiswell-known

thatmedicalschoolsareverycompetitiveandrequireextremelyhighmarks.IhadalwaysknownthatIwasmeantformedicalschooland

workedhardallthroughouthighschool.IengagedinlifesciencesandknewthatIwantedtodoadoublemajorinneuroscience(神经科学)andpsychology,bu

tofcourse,Iwasn’tsofondofthepreconditionstogettothatstage.Ihadtotakemathandphysicsinmyfirstyear.Soafterthec

hokeIcallthefirstterm,IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallydidn’teve

nthinktheywerepossible.Ihadheardthatmedicalschoolslikedtoseeanupwardtrend,soIwasdiscouragedandhurt,buttriednottothi

nkaboutit.HavingyourgradestakenawayfromyouwhenthatwasallyouhadwasahugethingIhadtoovercome—Idefinedmyworthbyhow“smart”Iwasan

dgettingpastthatmindsetwasthehardestthingI’veeverdone.【AfterIsawmygrades,IrealizedthemistakeImadetakinga

bunchofunnecessarilychallengingcourses.Attheendofmysecondterm,mygradesweren’tashighasIwantedthemtobe,butIacceptedit.Iknewthattherewererea

sonsforthedifferencesbetweenindividuals,butIstillsawahugeimprovementinmymarksfromthefirstterm.Ihadenjoyedmytimeinmysecondter

mandeventhoughIwasn’twhereIwantedtobe,ithadnothingtodowithmyplaceintheuniversity.Itwasveryeye-openingandtaughtmewhatIneed

edtodoinordertoachieveMYbest—notwhateveryoneelseconsideredtobethebest.I’mnowtakingasummerschoolcourseandmymarksareincrediblybetterthanwhatIwasg

ettingduringmyfirstyearofschool.ThoughIhadaroughstart,I’msuremylessonsandnewattitudewillcarrymemuchfartherthanjusttomedicalschool.24.Theauthorwant

edtotakeadoublemajorbecauseshe______.A.likedthetwomajorsbetterB.waspreparingherselfforhergoalC.triedtoproveheracademicabilityD.decidedtochalle

ngeherselfinuniversity25.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenreviewinghergradesafterthefirstterm?A.Satisfied.B.Surprised.C.Calm.D.Angry.26.Inthesec

ondterm,theauthor______.A.acceptedthegradesanddidnothingB.triedtolearnmorenecessarycoursesC.viewedlearningfromadi

fferentangleD.focusedonlearningmedicalknowledge27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Afreshstartleadstomorech

allenges.B.Hardworkwillpayoffsoonerorlater.C.Sticktoyourplanandyouwillsucceed.D.Properadjustmentwilltakeyoufarther.【答案】24.B25.B26.C27.D【解析

】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为大学新生，在适应大学生活的同时，为攻读医学院而努力提升成绩的心路历程。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Iwouldliketoattendmedicalschoolaftermyfour-y

earundergraduate.(我想在读完四年的本科后去医学院)”和“IengagedinlifesciencesandknewthatIwantedtodoadoublemajorinneuroscienceandpsych

ology(我从事的是生命科学，我知道我想要神经科学和心理学的双学位)”可知，作者想进入医学院深造，参与生命科学的研究，所以她要主修神经科学和心理学双学位。这表明她选择这两个专业是为了自己的长远目标，即进入医学院深造，因此她是在为自己的目标做准备。故选B项。【25题详解】推理判断

题。根据第三段中“IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallydidn’teventhinktheywerepossible.(我回顾了我的成绩

，发现我以前从未见过这样的数字。我真的认为这是不可能的)”可知，回顾自己的成绩时，作者认为不可能，感到意外。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Attheendofmysecondterm,mygradeswer

en’tashighasIwantedthemtobe,butIacceptedit.Iknewthattherewerereasonsforthedifferencesbetweenindividu

als,butIstillsawahugeimprovementinmymarksfromthefirstterm.Ihadenjoyedmytimeinmysecondtermandeventhoug

hIwasn’twhereIwantedtobe,ithadnothingtodowithmyplaceintheuniversity.Itwasveryeye-openingandtaughtmewhatIneededtodoinorde

rtoachieveMYbest—notwhateveryoneelseconsideredtobethebest.(在我的第二个学期结束时，我的成绩没有我想要的那么高，但我接受了它。我知道人与人之间的差异是有原因的，但我仍然看到我的成绩比第一学期有

了巨大的进步。我在第二个学期过得很愉快，尽管我没有达到我想要的水平，但这与我在大学里的地位无关。这让我大开眼界，让我知道我需要做什么才能做到最好——而不是别人认为的最好)”可知，作者在第二个学期开始从不

同的角度看待学习。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第三段中“SoafterthechokeIcallthefirstterm,IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefo

re.Ireallydidn’teventhinktheywerepossible.Ihadheardthatmedicalschoolslikedtoseeanupwardtrend,soIwasdisc

ouragedandhurt,buttriednottothinkaboutit.(所以在我称之为第一学期的艰难时刻之后，我回顾了自己的成绩，发现我从未见过这样的数字。我甚至真的认为这些成绩是不可能的。我听说医学院喜欢看到成绩

呈上升趋势，所以我感到沮丧和受伤，但我尽量不去想它)”、第四段中“AfterIsawmygrades,IrealizedthemistakeImadetakingabunchofunnecessarilychallengingcourses.(看到成绩后，我意识到自

己犯了一个错误，上了一堆不必要的挑战性课程)”和最后一段中“ThoughIhadaroughstart,I’msuremylessonsandnewattitudewillcarrymemuchfartherthanjusttomedicalschool.(虽然我有一个艰难的开始

，但我相信我的课程和新的态度将使我比仅仅进入医学院走得更远)”可知，在第一学期遭遇挫折后，作者在第二学期及时调整策略、改变态度，最后有了新的开始，并坚信自己会走得更远。由此可知，这篇文章告诉我们：适当的调整

会让你走得更远。故选D项。CGrowingup,IfeltthatIlearnedsomethingsquicklyandotherthingspainfullyslowly.PickingupFrenchandSpanishseemedtocomenaturally,whilepainting

anddrawingrequiredalotofpractice.Ithoughtthatsomepeoplejusthaveatalentforlanguages;othersdon’t.You’veprobablyfeltthesameway—tha

tcertainthingswereeasierforyoutolearn.Andsodidmyresearchpartners.Sowesetouttoidentifywhatmakessomepeoplelearnfaster

thanothers.Ifwecouldjustdistill(提取)theseunique(独特的)characteristics,wethought,wewouldbeabletocreatebetterlearningenvironments—andmakeevery

oneafastlearner.Inourstudy,wemodeldatafromstudentperformanceongroupsoftasksthatassess(评估)thesameskillcomponentandthatprovidefollow-upinstructionsonst

udenterrors.Ourmodelsestimatetheincreaseincorrectnessaftereachpracticeopportunity.Weappliedourmodelsto1.3millionobservationsacross27datasetsofs

tudentinteractionswithonlinepracticesystemsinthecontextofelementarytocollegecourses.Incontrast,andmuchtooursurprise,wefo

undstudentstobeastonishinglysimilarinestimatedlearningrate.Therearenosuchthingsasfastandslowlearners!Wefindth

atatypicalstudentneedsaboutsevenlearningopportunitiestomasteratypicalknowledgecomponent(组件).Theystartatdifferent

levelsofproficiency(熟练)but,whenprovidedwithhigh-qualitypracticeopportunities,theylearnataboutthesamespeed.Yes

,theywillendindifferentplaces—butthat’sbecausetheyhavedifferentstartinglines,notbecausetheyarequickerorslowertolearn.Thatmeansthe

typesofopportunitiesyougetareimportant.Detailed,timelyfeedbackandhintsprovidefavorableconditionsthatallowyoutoconsistentlymakeprogr

ess,regardlessofwhereyoubegan.Don’tthinkyou’realoneiflearningfeelsslowandeffortful.Dotry,tryagain.Youcanmakeasmuchprogressaseveryoneelse—andso

cantheyoungpeopleinyourlife.Achievementgapsaretheresultofopportunitygaps,notindividualdifferencesinlearningspeed.28.Whatisthea

uthor’spreviousthoughtaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hecan’tlearnpaintinganddrawing.B.Allpeopleh

aveatalentforlanguages.C.Peoplelearnthingsinthesameway.D.Peoplehavedifferentlearningspeeds.29.Whatdidtheresearchersdointhe

research?A.Teachelementarycourses.B.Criticizestudents’mistakes.C.Applytheirmodelsextensively.D.Distinguishthe

fastandslowlearners.30.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ThereIsNoSuchThingsasaFastLearnerB.HowWeCanLearnFasterthanOt

hersC.ThereIsNoDifferenceBetweenStudentsD.WhyEducationIsImportanttoUs【答案】28.D29.C30.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，作者通过实验数据发

现，不同人之间的学习速度差不多，没有快速学习者。成绩差距是机会差距的结果。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Growingup,IfeltthatIlearnedsomethingsquicklyand

otherthingspainfullyslowly.PickingupFrenchandSpanishseemedtocomenaturally,whilepaintinganddrawingrequiredaloto

fpractice.Ithoughtthatsomepeoplejusthaveatalentforlanguages;othersdon’t.(在成长的过程中，我觉得有些东西学得很快，而有些东西学得很慢。学习法语和西班牙语似乎是自然而然的，而绘画则需要大量的练

习。我以为有些人就是有语言天赋；其余人没有)”及第二段“You’veprobablyfeltthesameway—thatcertainthingswereeasierforyoutolearn.(你可能也有同样的感觉——学习某些东西对你来说更容易)”可知，作者原

先认为不同的人有不同的学习速度。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Inourstudy,wemodeldatafromstudentperformanceongroupsoftasksth

atassess(评估)thesameskillcomponentandthatprovidefollow-upinstructionsonstudenterrors.Ourmodelsestimatetheincr

easeincorrectnessaftereachpracticeopportunity.Weappliedourmodelsto1.3millionobservationsacross27datasetsofstudentinteractionswithonlin

epracticesystemsinthecontextofelementarytocollegecourses.(在我们的研究中，我们模拟了学生在评估相同技能组成部分的任务组中和为学生错误提供后续指导的表现数据。我们的模型估计每一次练习机会后正确性的增加。我们将我们的模型应用于在小学至大

学课程背景下，学生与在线实践系统互动的27个数据集的130万次观察)”可知，研究者们在实验中广泛应用他们的模型。故选C。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Incontrast,andmuchtoo

ursurprise,wefoundstudentstobeastonishinglysimilarinestimatedlearningrate.Therearenosuchthingsasfastandslowlearners!(相比之下，让我们惊讶的是，我们发现学生们在估计的学习率方面惊人

地相似。没有学得快和学得慢的人)”及倒数第三段“Yes,theywillendindifferentplaces—butthat’sbecausetheyhavedifferentstartinglines,notbecausetheyarequicke

rorslowertolearn.(是的，它们会在不同的地方结束——但那是因为它们有不同的起跑线，而不是因为它们学得更快或更慢)”并结合全文可知，本文作者通过实验数据发现，不同人之间的学习速度差不多，没有快速学习者。成绩差距是机会差距的结果。A选项“没有学得快

的人”符合本文主旨。故选A。DSearch“toxicparents”,andyou’llfindmorethan38,000posts,largelyurgingyoungadultstocutties

withtheirfamilies.Theideaistosafeguardone’smentalhealthfromabusiveparents.However,asapsychoanalyst,I’ve

seenthattrendinrecentyearsbecomeawaytomanageconflictsinthefamily,andIhaveseenthesevereimpactsestrangement(疏远)hasonbothsidesofthedivide.T

hisisaself-helptrendthatcreatesmuchharm.ResearchbyKarlPillemer,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,indicatesthat1in4Americ

anadultshavebecomeestrangedfromtheirfamilies.Ibelievethat’sanundercount,becauseothershavestoppedshortofcompletelycutting

offcontactbuthaveeffectivelybrokentheties.“Canceling”yourparentcanbeseenasanextensionofaculturaltrendaimedatcorre

ctingimbalancesinpowerandsystemicinequality.Certainlythefamilyisonesysteminwhichpowerhasneverbeenbalanced.In

1933,thepsychoanalystSándorFerencziwarnedthateventhesimpleindicationthatsomeonehasmorepowerthanwedocouldpotentiallybedamaging.Today’sso

cialjusticevaluesrespondtothisreality,callingonustocriticizeoppressiveandharmfulfiguresandtogainpowerfor

thosewhohavebeenpowerless.Butwhenadultchildrenusethemosteffectivetooltheyhave-themselves-togainasenseofsecurityandbantheirparentsfro

mtheirlives,therolesaresimplyswitched,andthepainonlydeepens.Often,whatIseeinmypracticearecasesoffamilyconflictmismanaged,

powerdynamicsturnedupsidedownratherthannegotiated.Iseetheterribleeffectofthattrend;situationswithnowinners,onlyisolated(孤独的)humanswholongtobeknow

nandfeelsafeinthepresenceoftheother.Thecatchisthatafterestrangement,adultchildrenarenotsuddenlylessdependent.Infact,theyfeelabandonedand

betrayed,becauseintheunconscious,itdoesn’tmatterwhoisdoingtheleaving;thefeelingthatremainsis“beingleft”.Theycarr

ytheghostsoftheirchildhood,tacklingtheemotionalrealitythatthosewhoraiseduscannevertrulybeleftbehind,nomatterhowha

rdwetry.WhatIhavefoundisthatmostofthesefamiliesneedrepair,notpermanentbreak-up.Howelsecanonelearnhowtonegotiateneeds,tocr

eateboundariesandtotrust?Howelsecanweloveothers,andourselves,ifnotthroughacceptingthelimitationsthatcomewithb

einghuman?Goodrelationshipsaretheresultnotofaperfectlevelofharmonybutratherofsuccessfuladjustments.Topursuedialogueinsteadofestrangementwillb

ehardandpainfulwork.Itcan’tbeasingleprojectof“self-help”,becauseattheendoftheday,realintimacy(亲密关系)isachiev

edbyworkingthroughtheinjuriesofthepasttogether.Inmostcasesoffamilyconflict,repairispossibleandpreferabletoestrangement—andit’sworththewo

rk.31.Whydoyoungpeoplecuttieswiththefamily?A.Togainanindependentlife.B.Torestoreharmonyinthefamily.C.Toprotecttheirpsychologicalwell-being.D.Tofollow

atendencytowardssocialjustice.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catch”inParagraph6mean?A.Response.B.Proble

m.C.Operation.D.Emphasis.33.Tomanagefamilyconflict,theauthoragreesthatyoungadultsshould.A.breakdownboundariesB.gainpowe

rwithinthefamilyCliveuptotheirparents’expectationsD.acceptimperfectionoffamilymembers34.What’stheauthor’spurpos

eofwritingthepassage?A.Toadvocateaself-helptrend.B.Tojustifyacommonsocialvalue.C.Toargueagainstacurrentpractice.D.Todiscus

sameansofcommunication.【答案】31.C32.B33.D34.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了面对家庭冲突或隔阂，相比疏远，修复是更好的方法。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Search“toxicparents”,andyou’

llfindmorethan38,000posts,largelyurgingyoungadultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.Theideaistosafeguardone’smentalhealthfromabusiveparents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现

有超过38000条帖子，大部分帖子敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系。这个想法是为了保护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待。）可知，年轻人选择与家庭切断联系是为了保护自己，免于受到心理上的伤害。故选C。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第六段“Thecatchi

sthatafterestrangement,adultchildrenarenotsuddenlylessdependent.Infact,theyfeelabandonedandbetrayed”（_______是，在与家庭疏远后，成年子女并不会突然变得不那

么.依赖。事实上，他们会感到被抛弃和被背叛。）可知，子女选择与家庭疏远后，产生的结果是：他们感觉到被抛弃和被背叛，这是一种消极负面的影响。因此，划线后是在解释这一名词，即catch表示严重的后果或是问题。故选B。【33题详解

】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“WhatIhavefoundisthatmostofthesefamiliesneedrepair,notpermanentbreak-up.”（我发现，大多数这样的家庭需要修复，而不是永久的破裂。）可知，作者建议年轻人去修复家

庭关系，而不是疏远。以及“Howelsecanweloveothers,andourselves,ifnotthroughacceptingthelimitationsthatcomewithbeinghuman?Good

relationshipsaretheresultnotofaperfectlevelofharmonybutratherofsuccessfuladjustments.”（如果不接受作为人类的局限性，我们还能怎样去爱别人

和自己呢?良好的关系不是完美和谐的结果，而是成功调整的结果。）可知，作者这里使用一个反问句的形式，向年轻人建议，要认识到人类的局限性，才能爱家人以及爱自己。即接受家人的不完美，调整自己的心态，对关系进行修复才能得完美和谐的结果。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Search“to

xicparents”,andyou’llfindmorethan38,000posts,largelyurgingyoungadultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.Theideaistosafeguardone’

smentalhealthfromabusiveparents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现超过38000条帖子，大部分敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系。这个想法是为了保护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待。）可知，开篇作者先提出一个当下普遍存在的趋势：即年

轻人在处理家庭冲突时，选择疏远家庭。以及“However,asapsychoanalyst,I’veseenthattrendinrecentyearsbecomeawaytomanageconflictsinthefamily,andIhavesee

nthesevereimpactsestrangement(c)hasonbothsidesofthedivide.Thisisaself-helptrendthatcreatesmuchharm.”（然而，作为一名精神分析学家，我发现近年来这种趋势已经成为处理家庭冲突的一种方

式，我也看到了隔阂对家庭双方的严重影响。这是一种造成很大伤害的自助趋势。）可知，作者紧接着通过转折连词however(然后)指出这种疏远的处理方式是错误的，会带来很大的伤害。因此，作者是为了论述与开篇趋势相反的观点。故选C。第二节（共5小题

；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Istheglasshalfemptyorhalffull?”ThisoldEnglishsayinghaslongbeenusedtodifferentiat

eapessimistfromanoptimist.Formostyoungpeopletoday,theanswerisusually“halffull”,becausewehavebeentaughtthatapositi

veattitudetowardslifeisoneoftheprimarykeystosuccess.____35____Recentstudiesindicatethatitalldepends.Thereissuc

hathingastoomuchpositivityalsoknownastoxicpositivity.Ithappenswhensomeoneremainsinahappyandpositivestateandignores

anybadandnegativeemotionsacrossallsituations.____36____Thedeathofapet,alowscoreonatest,oramountainofnewhomeworkshouldleadtoemotionssuchassadness,

frustrationandanger.Ifwehidetheseemotionsjustbecausewewanttolookoptimisticinfrontofourfriendsandfamily,theycanbuildupinsideofusandenduperuptingin

unexpectedways.____37________38____Imaginehavinghadabadday,andwantingtotalkaboutitwithyourfriend.However,insteado

flisteningtoyourproblemsandsympathizingwithyou,theysimplytoldyouto“bepositive”andto“lookonthebrights

ide.”Bysayingsuchthings,theygiveyoutheimpressionthatyourproblemsarebeingcompletelyignored.Moreover,sinceyoudon’thavetheright“attitude,”

yourproblemsareultimatelyyourownfault.Thatbeingsaid,nobodylikestobearounddepressedpeople.Justtakeeverythingasitco

mesandexpresshowyoureallyfeel.____39____.GiveneverythingIhavealreadysaid,mysimpleadvicetoyouistodothatwhic

hgivesyouthebest“attitude”inlife,whateverforyouthatmightbe.Regardlessofwhetheraglassishalf-emptyorhalf-full,itnonethelessstillhasspacetofill.A.Howeve

r,isbeingnegativenecessarilyabadthing?B.Thismakesyouhuman,andyourtruefriendswillalwaysstickbyyou.C.Butac

tually,itisnormalforustoexperiencearangeofemotionsinaday.D.AndthisiswhyIwouldwanttowriteaboutstayingpositiveinth

esedifficulttimes.E.Evidencesuggeststhatoverlypositivepeopleareatahigherriskofdevelopingpsychologicalproblems.F.Asidefromthepersonalemotional

impactsoftoxicpositivity,thisattitudecanalsohaveanegativeeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.G.Butwitheverythingthathasbeengoingonb

othathomeandabroad,it’sprobablyfelttoyoulikeacontinuousstruggletoremainpositive.【答案】35.A36.C37.E38.F39.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论积极态度和消极态度对人影响，指出过度积极可

能有害，而适度的消极态度并不一定是坏事，并给出了一些建议。【35题详解】上文“‘Istheglasshalfemptyorhalffull?’ThisoldEnglishsayinghaslongbeenusedtodifferentia

teapessimistfromanoptimist.Formostyoungpeopletoday,theanswerisusually“halffull”,becausewehavebeentaughtthatapositiveattitudetowardslifeisoneoft

heprimarykeystosuccess.(‘杯子是半空还是半满呢？’这句古老的,的英语谚语长期以来一直被用来区分悲观主义者和乐观主义者。对于如今的大多数年轻人来说，答案通常是‘半满’，因为我们一直被教导，对生活持积极的态度是成功的主要关键之一。)”提到我们一直被教导要对生活持积极的态度，而

下文“Recentstudiesindicatethatitalldepends.(最近的研究表明，这要视情况而定。)”却指出最新研究表明要视情况而定，并非我们所认为那样绝对，上下文语意有转折关系。A选项“H

owever,isbeingnegativenecessarilyabadthing?(然而，消极就一定是坏事吗？)”起到了承上启下的作用，对上文观点提出质疑，同时为下文对消极态度的讨论做好铺垫。故选A项。【36题详解

】下文“Thedeathofapet,alowscoreonatest,oramountainofnewhomeworkshouldleadtoemotionssuchassadness,frustrationan

danger.(宠物的死亡、考试的低分或堆积如山的新作业应该会导致悲伤、沮丧和愤怒等情绪)”列举了日常生活中可能出现的各种消极情绪，是对C选项“Butactually,itisnormalforustoexperiencearangeofemotionsinaday.(但

实际上，我们一天中经历一系列情绪是正常的。)”中“arangeofemotions”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【37题详解】上文“Ifwehidetheseemotionsjustbecausewewanttolookoptimisticinfrontofourfriend

sandfamily,theycanbuildupinsideofusandenduperuptinginunexpectedways.(如果我们仅仅因为想在朋友和家人面前显得乐观而隐藏这些情绪，它们就会

在我们内心积累，最终以意想不到的方式爆发出来。)”指出为了显得乐观而隐藏的情绪最终会爆发。E选项“Evidencesuggeststhatoverlypositivepeopleareatahigherriskofdevelopingpsycho

logicalproblems.(证据表明，过于积极的人患心理问题的风险更高)”承接上文，进一步阐述了过度积极可能导致心理问题，句中“developingpsychologicalproblems”与上文“erupting

inunexpectedways”相照应。故选E项。【38题详解】下文“Imaginehavinghadabadday,andwantingtotalkaboutitwithyourfriend.However,insteadoflisteningtoyourproblemsan

dsympathizingwithyou,theysimplytoldyouto‘bepositive’andto‘lookonthebrightside.’Bysayingsuchthings,theygiveyoutheimpressionth

atyourproblemsarebeingcompletelyignored.(想象一下，你度过了一天糟糕的时光，想和朋友聊聊。然而，他们并没有倾听你的问题或同情你，而是简单地告诉你‘要积极’和‘往好的方面看’。说这样的话，他

们给你的印象是你的问题被完全忽视了。)”用一个例子来说明过度积极对周围人的负面影响，是对F选项“Asidefromthepersonalemotionalimpactsoftoxicpositivity,thisattitudecanalsohaveanegativ

eeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.(有害的积极态度除了对个人情感的影响外，这种态度也会对你周围的人产生负面影响。)”这一观点进行的举例论证，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。【39题详解

】上文“Justtakeeverythingasitcomesandexpresshowyoureallyfeel.(顺其自然，表达你真实的感受。)”建议人们要真诚地表达自己的感受。B选项“Thismakesyouhuman,and

yourtruefriendswillalwaysstickbyyou.(这使你成为人，你的真正朋友会永远支持你。)”指出了真诚表达自己感受的好处，即让人更真实，且能得到真正朋友的支持，与上文内容相呼应。故选B项。第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应

题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Doyouspendoveranhoureachdaytextingmessagestoyourfriends?Doyoufrequentlyignorework,study,andotheractivitiesto

checkyourphoneformessages?Areyouanxiousandrestlessifyouareseparatedfromyourmobilephone?Ifyouanswer“yes”toanyofthequestions,thenitisverypossiblethaty

ouareatextaholic.Atextaholiccanbedefinedassomeonewhoisaddictedtosendingandreceivingmessages.Themainsymptoms(症状)areastrongdesiretotextmes

sages,whichtakesprecedence(优先)overeverythingelse,andbadmoods,lowspiritsandalackofself-confidenceifmessagesfailtocomein.Theroot

oftheproblem,aswithmanyaddictions,isthedesiretoescapefromemotionaldifficultiessuchasstress,anxietyandre

lationshipproblems.Expertswarnthattextaddictionislikelytobecomethemostcommonformofaddictioninthefuture,especiallyamongtheyoung．Sowhatcanyoudoi

fyouthinkyoumaybeatextaholic?Thekeyistogetyourlifebackinbalance.Makesureyouresisttheurgetoanswereverymessageyoureceive,andconsiderleavingyo

urmobilephonebehindoccasionallywhenyougoout.Mostimportantly,makeapointofspendingqualitytimewithfriendsandf

amily,andmaketimetore-learntheartofface-to-faceconversationinsteadofconductingyourrelationshipsbymeansof

textmessages.Notonlywillyousavetimeandmoney,butyoumayalsorediscoverthepleasureoftruecommunication.40.Whatisatextaholic?___________

___________________41.Whatcausesapersontobeatextaholic?______________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpar

tisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Tocuretextaddiction,individualsshouldrefuse

torespondtomessagesandspendqualitytimewithfriendsandfamily.______________________________43.Tohelpatextahol

ic,whatothersuggestionswouldyougivehimorher?(Inabout40words)______________________________【答案】40.Atextah

olicisapersonwhoisaddictedtosendingandreceivingmessages.41.Thedesiretoescapefromemotionaldifficultiessuchasstress

,anxietyandrelationshipproblems.42.Tocuretextaddiction,individualsshouldrefusetorespondtomessagesandspendqualitytimewithfriendsandfamil

y.Tocuretextaddiction,oneshouldcheckandrespondtomessagesonlyatcertaintimesoftheday.Tocuretextaddiction,oneshouldre

sisttheurgetoanswereverymessageheorshereceives.43.Onecanengageinalternativeactivitiesthatareenjoyableandfulfilling,suchashobbiesorexercise,todiverta

ttentionfromtexting.Besides,onecanseekprofessionalhelptoaddressunderlyingemotionalissuesthatmaybedrivingtheaddiction.【解析】【导

语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是短信上瘾以及克服上瘾的方法。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Atextaholiccanbedefinedassomeonewhoisaddictedtosendingandreceivingme

ssages.(短信控可以定义为沉迷于发送和接收消息的人)”可知，短信控指的是沉迷于发送和接收信息的人。故答案为：Atextaholicisapersonwhoisaddictedtosendingandreceivingmessages.【41题详解

】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Therootoftheproblem,aswithmanyaddictions,isthedesiretoescapefromemotionaldifficultiessuchasstress,anxie

tyandrelationshipproblems.(与许多成瘾一样，问题的根源是渴望摆脱压力、焦虑和关系问题等情绪困难)”可知，渴望摆脱压力、焦虑和关系问题等情绪困难可能导致一个人成为短信控。故答案为：Thedesiretoescapefromemotionaldiffi

cultiessuchasstress,anxietyandrelationshipproblems.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Makesureyouresisttheurgetoanswereverymessageyoureceive,andconsiderleav

ingyourmobilephonebehindoccasionallywhenyougoout.Mostimportantly,makeapointofspendingqualitytimewithfriendsandfamily,andmaketi

metore-learntheartofface-to-faceconversationinsteadofconductingyourrelationshipsbymeansoftextmessages.(确保你克制住回复每一条信息的冲

动，并考虑在外出时偶尔把手机放在身后。最重要的是，要花时间与朋友和家人共度美好时光，花时间重新学习面对面交谈的艺术，而不是通过短信来建立关系)”可知，为了治疗短信成瘾，人们应该在一天中的特定时间检查和回复信

息，克制住回复每一条信息的冲动，花时间与朋友和家人共度美好时光。故答案为：Tocuretextaddiction,individualsshouldrefusetorespondtomessagesandspendqualitytimewithfriendsa

ndfamily.Tocuretextaddiction,oneshouldcheckandrespondtomessagesonlyatcertaintimesoftheday.Tocuretext

addiction,oneshouldresisttheurgetoanswereverymessageheorshereceives.【43题详解】开放性题目。答案不唯一，合理即可。人们可以从事令人愉快和充实的替代活动，如爱好或锻炼，以转移人们对发短信的注意力

。此外，人们可以寻求专业帮助来解决可能导致成瘾的潜在情绪问题。故答案为：Onecanengageinalternativeactivitiesthatareenjoyableandfulfilling,suchashobbie

sorexercise,todivertattentionfromtexting.Besides,onecanseekprofessionalhelptoaddressunderlyingemotionalissuesthatmaybedrivingtheaddiction.第二节书面表

达（20分）44.假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursinghome）陪老人们国重阳节（theDoubleNinthFestival）。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1.出发及返回时间；2.活

动：包饺子、表演节目等。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.结语已为你写好。DearLucy,_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.YoursLiHua【答案】DearLu

cy,I’dliketoinviteyoutojoinusforavisittothenearbynursinghomenextSaturdayfortheDoubleNinthFestival.Itisthedayfortheelderlyinourculture.We’l

lgoandmakedumplingsandcakeswiththeelderlypeoplethere.We’llalsospendsomefuntimetogethersinging,dancingand

playinggames,whichwehopewillmakethemhappy.Weshouldbebackaround4o’clockintheafternoon.Ifyouareabletocomewithus,pleaseletusknowand

we’llwaitforyouatthegateat9inthemorning.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一

同前往敬老院陪老人们过重阳节。【详解】1.词汇积累附近的：nearby→surrounding有趣的：fun→interesting高兴的：happy→glad能够：beableto→can2.句式拓展简单句

变复合句原句：I’dliketoinviteyoutojoinusforavisittothenearbynursinghomenextSaturdayfortheDoubleNinthFestival.Itisthedayfortheelderlyinourculture.拓展句

：I’dliketoinviteyoutojoinusforavisittothenearbynursinghomenextSaturdayfortheDoubleNinthFestival,whichisthedayfortheelderlyinourcultur

e.【点睛】【高分句型1】We’llalsospendsomefuntimetogethersinging,dancingandplayinggames,whichwehopewillmakethemhappy.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Ifyouare

abletocomewithus,pleaseletusknowandwe’llwaitforyouatthegateat9inthemorning.（由If引导的条件状语从句）