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专题05备战2023年高考英语语法填空近八年各地高考语法真题汇编+名校模拟强化练习(原卷版)2018年高考真题篇(2018年11月，浙江卷）TheCaffeineCatchCaffeine,achemicaltypicallyfoundincoffee,hascaus

edalotofconcernbecauseitisoneofthefewdrugsthatshowupregularlyinourfoodsupply.Youprobably1.(use)caffeinesincechildhood.Caffeine2.(be)inyourfirstCo

ke.Ifyoueverenjoyedachocolatebar,youatecaffeine.Softdrinksarethemajorsource(来源)ofcaffeineformostchildrenandevensomeadul

ts.3.(recent),caffeinehasfounditswayintoorange,apple,andotherflavoreddrinks.Smallamountsofcaffeine-acup4.twoofcoffeeaday—seemsafefor

mostpeople.However,somepeoplehavetroublewithevensmallamounts.Onecupofcoffee5.thelateafternoonoreveningwill

cause6.(they)tostayawakealmostallnight.Largeramountsofcaffeinecancauseaproblem7.(call)caffeinism.Yougetverynervousandyouc

an’tsleep.Itispossible8.caffeinemaycausebirthdefects(缺陷)inhumans,too.Onestudyshowedthat9.(woman)whodrankalotofcoffee

,likeeightormorecupsperday,whiletheywerepregnantweremorelikely10.(have)childrenwithbirthdefects.(2018年6月，浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词

的正确形式。FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese1.(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.M

anywesterners2.cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap3.canbetoeatout.Istillreme

mber4.(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI5.(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlye

atingoutseemsto6.(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceawee

kmaybe7.(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven8.(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreas

einfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein9.(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsugges

tthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome10.dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonl

yonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.(2018年，全国卷III）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I'mnotsure1.ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩）t

hatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginssc

reamingat2.topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe3.(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetrees

asthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid4.(look)directlyintoh

iseyessohedoesn'tfeel5.(challenge).MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma6.(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearchin

g7.thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.Whenthegorillasan

dIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind8.(they)alive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal9.(mean)menorealharm.Hewasjustsayi

ng:"I'mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!"Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme10.(stay)andwatch.(2018年，全国卷II）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号

内单词的正确形式。DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry1.（grow）morecornthanrice.

Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover2.past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis3.(actual)behindthecha

nge:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfa

rmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice4.(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater5.riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.

Thisswitchhasdecreased6.(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.According

totheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal7.(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthe

government8.(start)asoil-testingprogram9.givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedro

ppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenviron

mentwhile10.(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide."saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.

(2018年，全国卷I）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears1.(long)t

hannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong2.(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillre

duceyourriskof3.(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit4.(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife5.walkin

g,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin20146.showedamerefiveto10minutesAday

ofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall7.(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise

…it'sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto8.(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoo

drunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit'salways9.(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhap

sweshouldallgive10.atry.各地名校模拟练习题（2022·重庆南开中学高三阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。Whennewlyadmittedcollegestudentsr

eceive____1____(they)letterofadmissionthissummer,theymaygetmorethanjustanordinaryletter.GaoFanqiao,ahighschoolgraduatefromShenyang,waslookingf

orwardtoheradmissionletterfromNankaiUniversity.Itarrived____2____twolotusseeds.Thespecialmeaningis____3____theplants,whichdescribenoblequalitiesi

nChineseart,areusedtosymbolizetheschool’sdesirethatstudentskeeptheiroriginaldreamandmarch____4____(ambitious)towar

dabrightfuture.Manydomesticuniversities____5____(join)theurendofsendingfancysurprisesandfabulousadmissionpackagesinrecentyea

rstogivestudents____6____amazingfirstimpression.SunYat-senUniversityinGuangdongsentoutgiftboxescontaininganadmissionletterandPu’ertea____7

____(produce)inFengqingcountyinsouthwesternYunnanprovince.Itishopedthatthefreshmenwillalwayskeepinmindthatthey___

_8____(suppose)tomakecontributionstoplaces____9____theyareneededmostinthefuture.Otherinnovationsfromschoolsincludepap

ercutstoshowthecharmofChineseculture,andmessagestostimulatestudents’____10____(enthusiastic).（2022·安徽·高三阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的

单词或括号内单词的正确形式。March14isrightaroundthecomer,andmathlearnersknow____11____thatmeans.It’sPiDay,aholidayhonoringoneofmath’smostfamousconstan

ts(常量):pi.Thenumberpi,orπ,isequaltothecircumference(圆周长)ofacircle____12____(divide)bythecircle’sdiameter(直径).Thatcomesouttoabout3.14159

.Thisistrueforcirclesofallsizes,from____13____(penny)topizzastoplanets.Pi’svalueisoftenroundedto3.14.That’s

whyPiDay____14____(celebrate)onMarch14.It’salsowhyoneEarth-sizedplanetorbitinganotherstarevery3.14daysisnicknamed“PiEarth.”Buttheexactvalueofpiis

____15____(actual)impossibletowriteout.Lastyear,a____16____(power)computercalculatedpitorecord-break

ing62.8trillion(万亿)figures.Andin2005,one23-year-oldusedclevermentaltrickstorecitenearly68,000ofthosefiguresfrommemory.No

one,though,willevergetto____17____endofpi.Historiansaren’tsurewhenpeoplefirst____18____(discover)theconceptofpi.Butit’sbeenknowninsomeform____19_

___almost4,000years.AncientGreeksandBabyloniansknewestimatesofit.TheEgyptiansmayhaveusedpi_____20_____(build)thepyramids.Andsti

lltoday,piisusedinjustaboutallmathinvolvingcircles.（2022·湖北黄冈·高三期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Afterfinishingo

nlineclassesathomeduringthecovid-19pandemic.HongNanjia,16,fromZhixinHighSchoolinGuangzhou,putsonherapron(围裙)andbeginsheronehou

rofchores.Thensheneedstoshareherfeelingsinadiary____21____willbehandedintoherteacher.Moststudents____22____(require)totakepartinthelab

orclassonceperweek.SinceSeptember,laborclasshasbeenlistedas____23____officialcourseintheschoolliveso

fprimaryandmiddleschoolstudents.QianChenyisupportsthispolicy.Hesaidthathestartedthelaborclassduring,middleschool.Allthestud

entswouldgatherweedintheschoolgarden____24____watertheplants.AccordingtoQian,hisschoolwouldinviteprofessionalstoprovidethem____2

5____practicalskillsfortheirdailylives.“Whensharedbikes-became____26____(gradual)popularin2020,studentsweretakentotheparkingspotsan

d/helped/putthemintotherightplace.Professionalsalso____27____(show)ushowtofixthebikes.”Qiansaid.“After____28__

__(learn)firstaid,studentsvolunteertohelppeoplewhohavehadaccidentsinthewater.Headdedthatifstudentsfoundaspecifictopic____29__

__(attract),theywouldfocusonitandonlytakepartinthelaborclass____30____(relate)tothattopic.“Throughthelaborclass

es,wenotonlyfindourinterestsbutalsobecomemorewell-rounded.”saidQian.（2022·安徽·高三期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Thes

ummerof2022iscertaintobeanunforgettablememoryfortheChongqingpeople,asummer____31____weweretestedbeyondme

asureandcametogethertoadaptandovercome.Longknown____32____astoveofChina,Chongqingexperiencedthesummertemper

atureof2022upto45℃byday.Thisbroughtaboutmanyproblems,includingdried—uprivers,lackofpower,drought,andforestfiresin9districts.Thesituationwasdiff

icultandcomplex.Butthepeoplebecamestrongerthanever.WhatIsawwasthatwhenthingsgothard,Chongqing____33____(ris

e)tothechallenge.Withoutcomplaint,thecitybegantosaveelectricity,reducinghoursforshoppingmallstoensurecriticalpowerwassafeforresidents

,hospitals____34____schools.____35____(fight)thefire,professionalsandvolunteerscameforwardandgavealltheir____36____(strong).Firefightersandt

housandsofvolunteersworkeddayandnighttopreventtheflamesdestroyingseveralmountainousdistrictsinChongqing.Motorcycle____37____(fan)rodethrou

ghsmokeandfiretodeliveressentialfirefightingsuppliesonremoteroadsasthepeopleofChongqingunitedtoprevent____38____(

far)disaster.Exhausted,sweaty,andtired,werestedbutdidnotgiveup.Welostthefightonlyby____39____(quit).Thea

rmycametohelpfightthefire,and_____40_____(thorough)putoutthefire.（2022·广东佛山·高三专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单

词的正确形式。Inmid-Septemberin2022,tohonorthe110thanniversaryofthebirthofnuclearphysicistWuChien-shiung,____41____global

onlineconferencewasheldtomarkthisanniversary.ComparedwithphysicistssuchasMarieCurie,WuisnotahouseholdnameinChinaorintheUnitedStates,____42

____shewasoneofthemostinfluentialnuclearphysicistsofthe20thcentury.WuwasbornonMay31,1912,inLiuhetown,Taicang,__

__43____theYangtzeRiverflowsintotheEastSea.Wu’sfather,WuZhongyi,receivedamodern____44____(educate)inShanghai,andin1913,____45____(found)thefi

rstschoolforgirlsinTaicang.Heaimed____46____(break)theoldsexistadvocacythatitwaswomen’svirtuetohavenotalents.Thefather,absorbingthemeritsofWesterni

deaswhilebearingthegreatthoughtsrooteddeepinChinesecultureinmind,hadthemostprofoundinfluence____47____WuChien-shiung’slife.Shespentmos

tofherlifeintheUS,butalwaysworeqipao.Workinginthescientificworlddominatedbymen,shenevergaveuporloweredherstandardsevenif____48____(unequ

al)treated.Duringher44-yearcareerasanuclearphysicist,Wu’sgreat____49____(achievement)wonhernicknamess

uchas“ChineseMadameCurie”.ShewasthefirstwomantobepresidentofAmericanPhysicalSociety,andthefirstfemalewinneroftheComstockPr

izeinphysics____50____(give)bytheUSNationalAcademyofSciences.（2022·江苏盐城·高三期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheBeijingEconomic-Technologica

lDevelopmentAreareportedasharpdeclineinwaterconsumptionandagreatimprovementinnaturalandlivingenvironment.WaterconsumptionperunitofGDPforthe

area,alsoknown___51___BeijingE-Town,wasonlyone-thirdofBeijing’saverage.The___52___(efficient)ofwateru

seintheareaisamongthehighest___53___(global),saidanofficialattheadministrativecommitteeofBeijingE-Town.Inthepastde

cade,BeijingE-Townhas__54__(far)improveditsnaturalandlivingenvironment,___55___(struggle)tobecomeanidealplacetoliveandworkandanurban

areafreeof“urbandiseases”,whichrefertoproblemsfacingbigcitiessuchastrafficjamsandenvironmentalpollution.Now,ithasbecomeanidealhabitatforanimals.Ever

yyear,alargegroupofbirds___56___(spot)intheBeijingE-TownsectionoftheLiangshuiRiver,___57___wasoncefullofpollutionandhadanunpleasantsmell.Aftermo

rethan10yearsofpollutioncontrolandmanagement,it___58___(pass)theevaluationbytheMinistryofWaterResourcesin2020,___59___(re

cognize)asoneofthefirstexemplary(典范)riversinChina.“BeijingE-Townwillcontinuetoadoptapeople-centeredapproachtodevelopmentandpromote

thecombinationofindustrialgrowth___60___urbandevelopment,”saidanofficialofBeijingE-Town.（2022·江苏扬州·高三期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确

形式。ExploringthemoonisadreamthatweChinesehavebeenpursuingforages,andweareproudofthe____61____(achieve)inth

epastdecade.OnDec2,2013,as____62____keypartofthesecondstepofthethree-phaselunarprobe(探测)projects,ChinastartedtheChang’e3missiontoexpl

orethemoon.Afterabout12daysoffight,theChang’e3probe____63____(success)soft-landedonthelunarsoil,becomingthefirstChinesespacecraftonthemoon.A

ndChinaisthefirstcountry____64____(reach)thisgoalinnearlyfourdecades.ItthenreleasedthefirstChineselunarro

ver,Yutu,whichworkedtherefornearly1,000days,untilJuly2016.OnDec8,2018,Chinalauncheditsfourthlunarprobe,Chang’e4,towardthefarsideofthemoon,____65___

_alwaysfacesawayfromEarth.Twentysixdaysintoitsjourney,theunmannedspacecraftmadeasoft-landinginthesouthbasin,____66____(start)mankind’sfirs

tcloseobservationofthemoon’slittle-knownfarside.Themission’scorecomponent—theYutu2rover—____67____(work)onthemoonfornearly1,400dayssofar,____68____(l

ong)thananyotherroverofalltime.OnNov24,2020,theChang’e5roboticmission____69____(launch)fromWenchangandlandedonthemoononDec1.Themis

sionbrought1,731gramsoflunarrocksandsoilback____70____EarthonDec17.The23-daymissionmadeChinathethirdcountythathasretrieved

(带回)lunarsample.（2022·江苏徐州·高三期中）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheTibetautonomousregionhasachievedall-aroundprogressinthesportssector

,____71____(pour)nearly5.23billionyuanintosportsprojects,officialssaidatanewsconferenceinLhasathisMonday.

Aspartofthishistoricbreakthrough,theregionhasbeenmakingeffortstoenhancetheprotectionandinheritanceofethnicsportsandthe____72___

_(develop)ofoutdoorsports.Uptonow,over20ethnicsports,includingLhasakite-flying,____73____(put)onthenationalculturalheritagelists,andactiviti

essuchasTibetanwrestlinghavebeenincludedaseventsatnationalethnicsportsmeets.Stone-liftingandTibetanchessarenowamongactiviti

es____74____havebeenincludedinregionalethnicsportsmeets.____75____(enrich)withnaturalresourcessuchassnow-cappedmountains,rivers,lakes,grasslan

dsandforests,Tibetisanidealplaceforoutdoorsports,suchasrunning,trekking,cyclingandskimountaineering,

WangDejun,spokesmanfortheregionalsportsbureau,told____76____newsconferenceonMonday.Participation____77____sportsthroug

houttheregionhasimproved____78____(dramatic)overthepastdecade,____79____morethan997,000peopleregularlytakingpartinphys

icalexercise.“Weexpectthattheoutdoorsportsindustry____80____(become)apillarindustryintheregioneventuallyandcont

ributetotheeconomy,”Wangadded.