【文档说明】北京市2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试 卷 Word版含解析.docx，共(18)页，110.762 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.doc5u.com/view-35328bdbfe81437036cabcdc8252d81d.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

2024年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷考生须知1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2.本试卷共10页，四道大题(共100分)。3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔

作答;非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。4.考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。一、听力理解(共25小题;每小题1分，共25分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1分，共20分)听下面十段对话或独白，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。每

段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第1段材料，回答第1题。1.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?A.Gofishing.B.Goswimming.C.Goboating.听第2段材料，回答第

2题。2.Whatdidthemangetforhisbirthday?A.Abasketball.B.Aphone.C.Awatch.听第3段材料，回答第3题。3What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Cloudy.B.

Rainy.C.Sunny.听第4段材料，回答第4题。4.Whereisthewomangoingonholiday?A.InChina.B.InFrance.C.InBritain.听第5段材料，回答第5题至第6题。5.Whoisgoingtomeetthemanattheairport

?A.Hissister.B.Hisparents.C.Hisfriend.6.Wherewillthewomangofromtheairport?A.Toherhome.B.Toasupermarket.C.Tohermother’soffice.听第6段材料，回答第7题至第8题

。.7.Whichsubwaylineshouldthemantake?A.Line1.B.Line2.C.Line4.8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Placinganorder.B.Givingdi

rections.C.Makinganinvitation.听第7段材料，回答第9题至第11题。9.Whatfoodwillthespeakershavethisevening?A.Indianfood.B.Chinesefood.C.Thaifood.10.Whe

narethespeakersgoingtohavedinner?A.At6:30pm.B.At7pm.C.At8pm.11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Hu

sbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.听第8段材料，回答第12题至第14题。12.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Sheh

asafever.B.Shehasaheadache.CShehasarunningnose.13.Howlonghasthewomanbeenlikethat?A.Fortwodays.B.Forthreedays.C.Foraweek.14.Whatwillthewomanprobablyd

otomorrow?A.Seethedoctor.B.Gotoschool.C.Restathome.听第9段材料，回答第15题至第17题。15.Whenwillthestudentsleaveforthecampingtrip?

A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnSaturday.16.Howwillthestudentsgoontheschooltripthistime?A.Bytrain.B.Bybus.C.Byboat.17.Whatdothestudentsneed

tobringforthetrip?A.Water.B.Food.C.Shoes.听第10段材料，回答第18题至第20题。.18.Whereisthemangoing?A.Tothelibrary.B.Tothecafe.C.Tohishome.19.Whydoest

hemanhaveapart-timejob?A.Tohavefun.B.Toearnmoney.C.Togetexperience.20.What’sthewoman’sadvicetotheman?A.To

managehisworkbetter.B.Todealwithhisstudiesfirst.C.Totakefewercoursesnextterm.第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分)听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在答题卡相应题号

后的横线上写下第21题至第25题的关键信息。此段对话你将听两遍。GuitarLessonsTeacher’sname:Alison___21___Timetogivelessons:Every___22___afternoonPlaceforlessons:34PurleyLan

e,nearthecity___23___Teacher’sphonenumber:___24___Timetocalltheteacher:Tomorrow___25___二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面

短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnebusdriverfortheNorthElementarySchoolcannowaddlifesavertoherexperiencesafte

rastudentstartedchoking(窒息)onherbuslastmonth.OnSept.29,busdriverRaquelBakerbeganherworkjustlikeanyotherdri

versandwasabouttodropoffstudentsattheschoolgatewhensomethingwentwrong.Videofromtheschoolbusshowed7-year-oldPrestonputtingsomethin

ginhis____1____andthendroppingdownbetweentheseats,clearlyin____2____.Itwashardfortheboyto____3____awordbuthemanagedtomentionsomethingabouta

coin.Baker____4____stoodup,tookholdofhimandranoutofthe____5____.“Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver

(海姆利克氏操作法),”shesaid.Prestonhardly____6____andBakerdidn’twasteanytimetojumpintoaction.Thewholetimeshewassaying,“Baby,breathe,baby,breathe.”Prest

onwasblueintheface.Bakersawaparentandaskedhertocall911.“AllIcouldthinkofwasIhadto____7____thisboy,”Bakersaid.ShehadneverperformedtheHeimlic

hbefore,buther____8____onthefirstaidgivenbytheschoolonemonthagoworked.“Iwas____9____atthetime,butIjustcou

ldn’tbescared,”shesaid.Shedidn’tevenrealizewhenthe____10____flewoutofPreston’smouthuntilPrestonsaid,“MissBaker,I’mOK.Icanbreathe.”Preston

’smumwas____11____forBaker’shelp.Theschool’sheadmasterwasalsotouchedand____12____herforherlife-savingwork.“Asoftoda

y,I’mstillinshock.Ireallycan’tbelievethatthisactuallyhappened.Ididn’treallyrealizewhatabig____13____I

had,”Bakersaid.UntiltodayBakerstilldoesn’tknowhowshegotthe____14____todowhatshedidthatday,____15____sh

eknowsthis,“IfIwasn’tthere,otherdriversmayhavedoneitaswell,”Bakersaid.1.A.bagB.bottleC.mouthD.pocket2.A.dangerB.peaceC.surpriseD.

silence3.A.writeB.sayC.spellD.hear4.A.luckilyB.formallyC.quietlyD.quickly5.A.busB.roomC.yardD.school6.A.sleptB.breathedC.sawD.l

istened7.A.findB.feedC.saveD.meet8.A.habitB.trainingC.beliefD.income9.A.nervousB.gladC.disappointedD.curious10.A.eraserB.chalkC.keyD.coin

11.A.sorryB.sadC.anxiousD.thankful12.A.correctedB.changedC.honoredD.cured13.A.futureB.impactC.dreamD.mistake14.A.permitB.rightC.methodD.courage15

.A.orB.soC.butD.for【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.D5.A6.B7.C8.B9.A10.D11.D12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了公交车司机RaquelBaker救了一名吞食硬币导致窒息的男孩Preston。【1题详解】考查名词词

义辨析。句意：校车上的视频显示，7岁的普雷斯顿把东西放进嘴里，然后掉到座位之间，显然处于危险之中。A.bag包；B.bottle瓶子；C.mouth嘴巴；D.pocket口袋。根据后文“awordbuthemanagedtomention

somethingaboutacoin”可知，男孩把硬币放进了嘴里。故选C。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：校车上的视频显示，7岁的普雷斯顿把东西放进嘴里，然后掉到座位之间，显然处于危险之中。A.danger危险；B

.peace和平；C.surprise惊讶；D.silence沉默。根据后文“Baby,breathe,baby,breathe.”可知，因为被硬币卡住了，男孩无法呼吸，处在危险之中。故选A。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩很难开口

说话，但他设法提到了一枚硬币。A.write写；B.say说；C.spell拼写；D.hear听见。根据后文“awordbuthemanagedtomentionsomethingaboutacoin”

可知，男孩吞了硬币，说不出来话了，故选B。4题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：贝克迅速站起来，抓住他，跑出了车。A.luckily幸运地；B.formally正式地；C.quietly安静地；D.quickly快速地。根据后文“stoodup,tookholdofhimandran

outofthe”可知贝克迅速采取了行动。故选D。【5题详解】【考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝克迅速站起来，抓住他，跑出了车。A.bus公交车；B.room房间；C.yard院子；D.school学校。根据后文“Onm

ywaytothesidewalk”可知，贝克带着男孩跑下了车。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：普雷斯顿几乎没有呼吸，贝克也没有浪费任何时间投入行动。A.slept睡觉；B.breathed呼吸；C.saw看见；D.listened听。根据后文“Baby,breathe,

baby,breathe.”可知，男孩几乎没有呼吸，故选B。7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我满脑子想的都是我必须救这个男孩，”贝克说。A.find找到；B.feed喂养；C.save挽救；D.meet遇见。根据上文““Onmywaytothesidewalk,Iwasactuall

yperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver,”shesaid.(“在去人行道的路上，我实际上是在做海姆利克急救法，”她说。)”可知，贝克在想办法救治男孩。故选C。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她以前从未做过海姆利克急救法，但一个月前学校给她

的急救训练起了作用。A.habit习惯；B.training训练；C.belief信念；D.income收入。根据上文“ShehadneverperformedtheHeimlichbefore”以及but表示转折，说明此处指学校进行了急救训练，故选B。

【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当时我很紧张，但我就是不能害怕，”她说。A.nervous紧张的；B.glad高兴的；C.disappointed失望的；D.curious好奇的。根据后文“atth

etime,butIjustcouldn’tbescared”可知，要救人贝克感到紧张，但是没有畏惧。故选A。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她甚至没有意识到硬币从普雷斯顿的嘴里飞了出来，直到普雷斯顿说:“贝克小姐，我没事。我能呼吸了。”A.eraser橡皮擦；B.chalk粉笔；C

.key关键；D.coin硬币。呼应上文“hemanagedtomentionsomethingaboutacoin.”指硬币被吐出来了。故选D。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：普雷斯顿的妈妈非常感谢贝克的帮助。A.sorry抱歉的；B.sad悲伤的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.than

kful感谢的。根据上文“Preston’smum”可知，贝克救了男孩，因此男孩的母亲表示感谢。故选D。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校的校长也很感动，并对她拯救生命的工作表示敬意。A.corrected纠正；B.chan

ged改变；C.honored尊重；D.cured治愈。根据后文“herforherlife-savingwork”可知，贝克救了男孩，学校的校长也很感动，并对她拯救生命的工作表示敬意。故选C。【【13题详解

】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我真的没有意识到我的影响有多大，”贝克说。A.future未来；B.impact影响；C.dream梦想；D.mistake错误。根据上文贝克救了这个男孩，所以是指对男孩的影响很大。故选B。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，贝克仍然

不知道她那天是怎么鼓起勇气去做那件事的，但她知道，“如果我不在那里，其他司机可能也会这么做，”贝克说。A.permit允许；B.right权利；C.method方法；D.courage勇气。根据上文可知，贝克虽然紧张，但是仍然用自己学到的急救知识救了男孩，所以此

处指救男孩这件事的勇气。故选D。【15题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，贝克仍然不知道她那天是怎么鼓起勇气去做那件事的，但她知道，“如果我不在那里，其他司机可能也会这么做，”贝克说。A.or或者；B.so所以；C.but但是；D.for为了。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故

选C。三、阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共16小题;每小题2分，共32分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAhouseplantisprettytolookatandbringsf

reshairtoyourhome.Besides,lookingafteraplantwillgiveyousomethingmoretodoandcareabout.Let’slookatthefourbesthouseplantsyou

cangrow.AustralianPineAperfect“livingdecoration”toaddinyourhouse,itisgoodtolookatandhasacomfortingfeel.ItcanalsoserveastheperfectChrist

mastree.Itgrowsaround10feettallindoors.Rememberthatitrequiresplentyoflightandfreshair.Otherwise,itbecomesweakandaneasyta

rgetformites(螨虫).DracaenaThegreenandyellowpatternonitsleaveslooksgreat.Itcangrowtobearound10feettall.Justmakesureyoukeepthesoilsu

rfacedrybetweenyourwateringperiodsbecauseitgetsinfluencedbytoomuchwater.Also,havingthisplantaroundadogcanbedangerous.Itcanbepoisonoustodogsiftheyeat

it.GrapeIvyIfyouwantsomethingofftheceiling(天花板),thishouseplantistheoneforyou.It’saclimbingplant,anditwi

llmakeforabeautifulhangingbasketdecoration.Theplantisfulloflifewhereveritishung.Itneedstobekeptwetinallitspa

rtsforgoodgrowth.PeperomiaItislittleinsize,withlongleaves.Itaddsenergytoyourlivingroomandcreatesacomfortingenvironment.Asit’snota

verytallplant,youneedn’tworryabouthowmuchspaceitwilltakeup.Theplantlikesadrysurfaceofthesoil.Sowhatareyoufor?Choosetheonethatattractsyoumo

st,andgiveyourhomeawonderfuladdition.16.WhichofthefollowingcanserveasaChristmastree?A.Australianpine.

B.Dracaena.C.Grapeivy.D.Peperomia.17.WhenkeepingDracaenaasahouseplant,youshould________.A.becarefulwithmitesB.hangitfromthecellingC.kee

pdogsawayfromitD.leavethesurfaceofthesoilwet18.WhatdoyouknowaboutPeperomia?A.Itsleavesareshort.B.Itissmallinsize.C.Itlikesmuchwater.D.It

isaclimbingplant.19.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyoumostlikelyfindthepassage?A.Politics.B.Business.C.Travel.D.Life.【答案

】16.A17.C18.B19.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种适合室内种植的植物。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据表格第一部分“Aperfect“livingdecoration”toaddinyourhouse,itisgoodtolookatand

hasacomfortingfeel.ItcanalsoserveastheperfectChristmastree.(一个完美的“生活装饰”添加到你的房子，它是好看的，有一个舒适的感觉。它也可以作为完美的圣诞树)”可知，澳大利亚松可以作为圣诞树。故选A。【17题详解】

细节理解题。根据Dracaena部分“Itcanbepoisonoustodogsiftheyeatit.(如果狗吃了它可能会中毒)”可知，当把龙血树作为室内植物时，你应该让狗远离它。故选C。【18题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Itislittleinsize,withlongleaves.(它的体积很小，叶子很长)”可知，Peperomia的尺寸很小。故选B。【19题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ahouseplanti

sprettytolookatandbringsfreshairtoyourhome.Besides,lookingafteraplantwillgiveyousomethingmoretodoandc

areabout.Let’slookatthefourbesthouseplantsyoucangrow.(室内植物看起来很漂亮，还能给你的家里带来新鲜空气。此外，照顾一株植物会给你更多的事情去做和关心。让我们来看看你可以种植的四种最好

的室内植物)”结合文章主要介绍了四种适合室内种植的植物。可知，文章选自网站的“生活”部分。故选D。BBestfriendsTommy,17,andDaniel,15,decidedtosignupforthe

irschool’sroboticsteamintheirfreshmanyear,andbegantheirjourneytowardschanginglivesforthebetter.Theybegantheirworkwith3Dprinterstocreatepartsf

ortheirrobots,buttheywantedtheirimpacttobegreater.“Itstartedoffwithateamidea,”Tommysaid.“Weweretryingtofigureouthowwecouldmakeadiffere

ncetosocietyasafirst-yearroboticsteam.Welaterthoughtoftheideaofusing3Dprinterstomakeprostheses(假肢),likehands.”The

teamworkedwithIMAHelps,anonprofitorganization,andreceivedhelpfromtheScienceRoboticsInitiative.Shortlyafter,theyb

eganworkingwiththeirfirstpersoninneedofaprosthesis.“Westartedoffwithmakinganartificial(人造的)armforSamantha,a12-year-oldl

ittlegirlinEcuadorwholostherarminabusaccident,”Tommyexplains.“Wegothermeasurementsandthenmadetheprosthesis.IMAHelpsbroughtittoSamanthaandi

tfitherperfectlyandworkedwell.”“Samanthahadadreamtowrite,andwewantedtohelpwiththat,”addsDaniel.Itdidn’ttakelongforotherkidstoseeSaman

tha’sprosthesis.AyoungmannamedErnestPriester,13,askedtohaveanartificialfoot.Later,theteamofferedtomakehimoneforfree.“Hestarte

dtearingup.Itbroughtsomuchjoytohiseyes.”Tommysays.ThisJuly,theteamtraveledtoEcuadortodeliverfourmoreprosthesestothosein

need.“Weweresohappytohelp,”Tommyshares.Theteamalsoplansoncontinuingtogiveawaytheir3Dcreations.“Youca

ndowhateveryouwanttodowhenitcomestohelpingpeopleandchangingtheworld,”Tommysays.“Therearenoagelimits.”“Byofferingalittlebit,”add

sDaniel.“Wecanchangealot.”20.Tomaketheroboticsteam’simpactgreater,TommyandDanieldecidedto________.A.createrobotpartsB.startaroboticscourseC.makepro

sthesesD.inventa3Dprinter21.WhatdidtheroboticsteamdoforSamantha?A.TheysetupIMAHelpsforher.B.Theymadeheranartificialarm.C.The

yofferedhermedicaltreatment.D.Theygaveherinstructionsonwriting.22.HowdoesTommyfeelaboutwhattheyaredoing?A.Curious.B.Relax

ed.C.Regretful.D.Pleased.23.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTommyandDaniel?A.Caring.B.Calm.C.Honest.D.Brave.【答案】20.C21.B22.D23.A【解

析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了17岁的汤米和15岁的丹尼尔使用3D打印机为需要帮助的人制作假肢。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theybegantheirworkwith3Dprinterstocreatepartsfortheirrobots,b

uttheywantedtheirimpacttobegreater.(他们开始使用3D打印机为他们的机器人制造零件，但他们希望3D打印机的影响更大)”可知，为了让机器人团队的影响力更大，汤米和丹尼尔决

定制作假肢。故选C。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Westartedoffwithmakinganartificial(人造的)armforSamantha,a12-year-oldlittlegirlinEcuadorwho

lostherarminabusaccident(我们首先为12岁的厄瓜多尔小女孩萨曼莎做了一个假肢，她在一次公共汽车事故中失去了手臂)”可知，机器人团队给萨曼莎做了一只假肢。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段““Weweresohapp

ytohelp,”Tommyshares.(“我们很高兴能帮忙，”汤米分享道)”可知，汤米对他们的所作所为感到高兴。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Youcandowhateveryouwanttodowhenitcomestohelpin

gpeopleandchangingtheworld,”Tommysays.“Therearenoagelimits.”(“当涉及到帮助别人和改变世界时，你可以做任何你想做的事情，”汤米说。“没有年龄限制。”)”

以及最后一段““Byofferingalittlebit,”addsDaniel.“Wecanchangealot.”(“通过提供一点点，”丹尼尔补充道。“我们可以改变很多。”)”可推知，汤米和丹尼尔关心他人，有爱心。故选A。CInlate

June,twocompaniesweregivenpermitstosellchickenmeatthathasbeengrowninalab.Thecompaniessaytheywillbeservingthemeatinrestaurantsthissumm

er.Unlikenormalchickenmeat,lab-grownmeatisn’tcreatedbyraisingandkillingchickens.Instead,it’sameatproductdevelopedfromanimalcellst

hataregrowninalab.Theprocessiscalled“cell-based”or“cultured”meat.Theprocessofcreatinglab-grownmeatiscompletelydifferentfromthenormalmeatraisingproces

s.Scientistshaveknownforalongtimehowtokeeplivingcellsaliveandgrowtheminalab.Inthiscase,expertschoosecellsthatcangrowquicklyandwillhavegoodflavour.Th

efirstcellscomefromliveanimals.Thenthecellsaregrowninsidelargesteeltanks,wherethey’refedwitheverythingtheyneedtogrow.Inafewweeks,thecellsgrowintos

heetsofmeat.Thecompaniesthenformthismeatintomorefamiliarshapesthatcanbecookedandsold.Thecompaniessaythattheirmeatisbetterfortheenvironmentthan

meatfromanimals.Raisinganimalsforfooduseshugeamountsoflandandwater.Italsocreatesalotofpollution.Raisinganimalsforfoodcreatesabout15%ofthe

world’sgreenhousegases.That’swhycuttingbackoneatingmeatisoneoftheeasiestwaystofightclimatechange.Ther

earemanycompaniesthesedaysthatfocusonmakingplant-basedmeatsubstitutes(替代物).Butsincelab-grownmeatisma

defromanimalcells,itisveryhardtotellitapartfromactualmeat.Itlooks,smells,andtasteslikechicken.Polls(民意调查)haveshow

nthatmanypeoplearen’ttoointerestedinlab-grownmeat.Lotsofpeoplebelievethat“itjustsoundsstrange”.ButRusselPhill

ips,abiologist,suggestspeoplegiveitatry.Hesaysthatoncepeopletrythemeat,theywillbeamazed.Thecommonresponsemustbe,“Oh,ittastesl

ikechicken.”Butrightnow,themeatisfarmoreexpensivethanmeatfromanimals.Nowthatthecompanieshavebeenapproved,t

heyhavethehugechallengeoffiguringouthowtomakemuchmoremeatfarmorecheaply.Itwillprobablybealongtimebeforeyou’reabletobuylab-grownchickeni

nstores.24.Toproducelab-grownmeat,thecompaniesshould________.A.studyhowtofeedliveanimals.B.decidewhere

tostoremeatproducts.C.adddifferentflavourstosheetsofmeat.D.selectcellssuitableforproducingmeat.25.Asforproducin

glab-grownmeat,Paragraph4ismainlyaboutits________.A.future.B.advantage.C.techniques.D.process.26.Whatis

RusselPhillips’attitudetowardlab-grownmeat?A.Doubtful.B.Worried.C.Supportive.D.Uninterested.27.Thelab-grownmeatstillhasaproblemwithits_______

_.A.quality.B.safety.C.price.D.taste.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。6月下旬，两家公司获准销售实验室培育的鸡肉。这些公司表示，今年夏天他们将在餐厅供应这种肉

。文章介绍了这种人造肉的一些优点和人们对此的看法。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Scientistshaveknownforalongtimehowtokeeplivingcellsaliveandgrowtheminalab.Inthiscase,expertschoose

cellsthatcangrowquicklyandwillhavegoodflavour.(科学家们很早就知道如何让活细胞存活并在实验室中培养它们。在这种情况下，专家们会选择生长速度快、味道好的细胞)”可知，为了生产实验室培育的肉，这些公司应该选择适合生产肉的细胞。故选D。【

25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thecompaniessaythattheirmeatisbetterfortheenvironmentthanmeatfromanimals.Raisinganimalsforfooduseshugeamoun

tsoflandandwater.Italsocreatesalotofpollution.Raisinganimalsforfoodcreatesabout15%oftheworld’sgreenhousegases.That’swhycuttingbackoneat

ingmeatisoneoftheeasiestwaystofightclimatechange.(这些公司表示，他们的肉比动物肉更环保。饲养动物作为食物需要消耗大量的土地和水。它也造成了很多污染。饲养动物作为食物产生了

世界上15%的温室气体。这就是为什么减少吃肉是对抗气候变化最简单的方法之一)”可知，第4段主要是关于生产实验室培养的肉的优势。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ButRusselPhillips,abiologist,suggestspeoplegiveitatry.Hesa

ysthatoncepeopletrythemeat,theywillbeamazed.Thecommonresponsemustbe,“Oh,ittasteslikechicken.”(但生物学家罗素·菲利普斯建议人们试一试。他说，一旦人们尝过这种肉，他们会大

吃一惊。通常的反应肯定是，“哦，它尝起来像鸡肉。”)”可知，罗素·菲利普斯对实验室培育的肉持支持态度。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Butrightnow,themeatisfarmor

eexpensivethanmeatfromanimals.Nowthatthecompanieshavebeenapproved,theyhavethehugechallengeoffiguringouthowtomakemuchmoremeatfarmorechea

ply.(但现在，这些肉比动物肉贵得多。既然这些公司已经获得批准，他们面临的巨大挑战是如何以更低的成本生产更多的肉)”可知，这种实验室培育的肉仍然存在价格问题。故选C。DHundredsofdeadm

igrating(迁徙)songbirdscoveredthegroundlikeacarpetonThursdayinChicago.Nearly1,000songbirdsdiedthroughoutthenightaftercrashingintotheglassoftheM

cCormickPlaceLakesideCenterduetoadeadlycombinationofexcellentmigratoryconditions,rain,andthelowbuildin

g’slightingandwindow-linedwalls,accordingtobirdexperts.WindowhitsareaprobleminalmosteverymajorcityintheUnitedStates

.Birdscannotseetransparent(透明的)orreflectingglassandareunawarethatitisadangerousblock.Theyrushforplants

orbushestheyseethroughwindowsorreflectedinthem,killingthemselvesintheprocess.Night-migratingbirdsdependonthestarsfordirection.Buildingl

ightsbothattractandconfusethem,resultinginwindowhitsorbirdsflyingaroundthelightsuntiltheydieofexhaus

tion,aphenomenonknownasdeadlylightattraction.AccordingtoStanTemple,aretiredbirdexpertfromUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,conditionswereidealforabigwa

veofsongbirdsouthernmigrationoverChicagoonWednesdayevening.“Youhadallthesebirdsthatwerejusteagertosetout,butthe

y’vebeenheldupwiththisunusualSeptemberandOctoberwithtemperatureswayabovenormal,”Templesaid.Toavoidirregularairmovementsandpredators(

捕食者),littlesongbirdsgrazetoabsorbenergyduringthedayandtravelatnight.They’vebeenwaitingfornorthwindstopushthemsouth

,butSeptember’sunusuallywarmsouthwindsleftthebirdsinaholdingpositionhere,accordingtoTemple.Awindmovedsoutho

nWednesdayevening,offeringagoodchance,andmillionsofbirdstooktotheair.“Pre-dawnrainforcedthebirdstoflylow,andtheyfoun

dMcCormickPlace’slightson,”saidDavidWillard,amanagerattheChicagoFieldMuseum.AccordingtoAnnaPidgeon,abirdbiologistattheUniversityofWisconsin-

Madison,windowhitsanddeadlylightattractionaresimplyavoidable.Buildingmanagerscansimplydecreasetheirlights,andbuildingdesignerscancreatewindowswithbi

rd-friendlymarksintheglass.Peoplecanalsoaddscreens,painttheirwindows,orputstickersontheglass.28.Whichofthefollowingprobablycausedthe

songbirds’deathinChicago?A.Windowhits.B.Hunger.C.Diseases.D.Birdhunts.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“graze”inParagraph6probablymean?A.Play.

B.Eat.C.Grow.D.Wait.30.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theimportanceofprotectingbirds.B.Thepredictionofthesongbirds’future

.C.Thefurtherstudyofthesongbirdevent.D.Thewaystoavoidthedisasterforbirds.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Humanactivitiesh

aveaffectedwildlife.B.Climatechangeischallengingtheworld.C.Technologyhelpstheprotectionofnature.D.An

imalslearntoadapttotheenvironment.【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了周四在芝加哥，数百只死去的迁徙鸣禽像地毯一样覆盖了地面。

文章分析了鸣禽死亡的原因以及人类活动对野生动物的影响。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Nearly1,000songbirdsdiedthroughoutthenightaftercrashingintotheglassoftheMcCormickPlaceLakesideC

enterduetoadeadlycombinationofexcellentmigratoryconditions,rain,andthelowbuilding’slightingandwindow-lined

walls,accordingtobirdexperts.(据鸟类专家介绍，由于优越的迁徙条件、雨水、低矮建筑的照明和有窗户的墙壁，近1000只鸣禽在撞到麦考密克广场湖滨中心的玻璃后，一夜之间死亡)”可知，撞到窗户导致了芝加哥鸣禽的死亡。故选A。【29题详解

】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“toabsorbenergyduringthedayandtravelatnight”可知，小鸣禽在白天吃东西吸收能量，晚上飞行。故划线词意思是“吃”。故选B。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Accordi

ngtoAnnaPidgeon,abirdbiologistattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,windowhitsanddeadlylightattractionaresimplyavoidable.Buildingmanagerscan

simplydecreasetheirlights,andbuildingdesignerscancreatewindowswithbird-friendlymarksintheglass.Peoplecanals

oaddscreens,painttheirwindows,orputstickersontheglass.(威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的鸟类生物学家AnnaPidgeon认为，窗户撞击和致命的光线吸引是完全可以避免的。楼宇管理者只需减少灯光，楼宇设计师可以在窗户玻

璃上设计出对鸟类友好的标记。人们还可以在窗户上加装纱窗、刷漆或贴上贴纸)”可知，最后一段主要讲了避免鸟类灾难的方法。故选D。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Night-migratingbirdsdependonthestarsfordirection.Buil

dinglightsbothattractandconfusethem,resultinginwindowhitsorbirdsflyingaroundthelightsuntiltheydieofexhaustion,aphenomenonknownasdeadlylightattraction

.(夜间候鸟依靠星星来指引方向。建筑物的灯光既吸引它们，也迷惑它们，导致它们撞到窗户，或者鸟儿在灯光周围飞来飞去，直到它们精疲力竭而死，这种现象被称为致命的灯光吸引)”可知，人类活动影响了野生动物。故选A。第二节(共4小题;每小题

2分，共8分)阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。Ifyouenjoywalkingforexercise,there’sa

simplewaytomeetyourdemand—changeyourwalkintoaruck,andit’sanincreasinglypopularformofexercise.Ruckingiswalkingwithweightonyourba

ck.Theterm“rucking”comesfromruckmarching,acoreskillusedbythemilitaryaroundtheworld.Oneoftheteststhearmynormallygivestosoldiersisa12-mile

ruck,whichtheymustcompletewithinthreehourswhilecarryingaweightofatleast35pounds.Thereasonwhyruckingisgrowinginpopularityisthatit’saneasyanda

ll-bodyexercise.Onestudyin2019showedthat10weeksofweightedwalkingimprovedphysicalperformance.Sinceruckingisusuallyperformedoutdoors,there

isnodoubtthatit’salsogoodforyourmentalhealth.Lotsofstudiessuggestthatthementalhealthbenefitsofbeinginanaturalenvironmentarehuge.Thereare

severaltipsforyourruckingwhenyougetstarted.First,don’tbetooeager.Aswithanynewexercise,you’llneedtobeginslowly.Startwithanemptybackpack(背包)

andwalkadistanceyou’vealreadydone.Whenyoustartaddingweighttoyourpack,trysomethinglow,like10%ofyourbodyweight.Addingweightisgo

ingtoputmorestressonyourankles,knees,hipsandback,sodoitgradually.Anotheroptionistostartwithaweightedvest(背心)

insteadofabackpack.Thisspreadstheweightbetweenyourfrontandback.Andofcourse,don’tforgetyourfeet.Selectacomfortablepairofshoestopreventgettinghu

rt.32.Whatisrucking?(不多于六个单词)________________________________________________________________________________________33.Whyisruckingpopular?(不多于

六个单词)_________________________________________________________________________________________34.Whereisruckingusuallyperfo

rmed?(不多于一个单词)_________________________________________________________________________________________35.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout

?(不多于三个单词)_________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】32.Walkingwithweightonyourback.33.It’s

aneasyandall-bodyexercise.34.Outdoors.35.Tipsforrucking.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徒步这项户外活动的情况以及徒步的建议。【32题详解】考

查细节理解。根据第二段“Ruckingiswalkingwithweightonyourback.(徒步就是背着重物走路)”可知，徒步就是背着重物走路。故答案为Walkingwithweightonyourback.【33题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Thereasonwhyrucki

ngisgrowinginpopularityisthatit’saneasyandall-bodyexercise.(蹦蹦跳跳越来越受欢迎的原因是它是一种简单的全身运动)”可知，徒步受欢迎因为这是一项简单的全身运动。故答案为It’saneasyand

all-bodyexercise.【34题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Sinceruckingisusuallyperformedoutdoors,thereisnodoubtthatit’salsogoodforyourmentalhealth.(因为徒步通常是在户外进行的，毫无疑问，它对

你的心理健康也有好处)”可知，徒步通常在户外。故答案为Outdoors.【35题详解】考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“Thereareseveraltipsforyourruckingwhenyougetst

arted.First,don’tbetooeager.Aswithanynewexercise,you’llneedtobeginslowly.Startwithanemptybackpack(背包)andwalkadistancey

ou’vealreadydone.Whenyoustartaddingweighttoyourpack,trysomethinglow,like10%ofyourbodyweight.Addingweightisgoingtoputmorestressonyour

ankles,knees,hipsandback,sodoitgradually.Anotheroptionistostartwithaweightedvest(背心)insteadofabackpack.Thisspreadstheweightbetweenyourfro

ntandback.Andofcourse,don’tforgetyourfeet.Selectacomfortablepairofshoestopreventgettinghurt.(当你开始徒步时

，这里有一些建议。首先，不要太急切。和任何新运动一样，你需要慢慢开始。从一个空背包开始，走一段你已经走过的距离。当你开始增加你的背包重量时，尝试一些低的，比如你体重的10%。增加重量会给你的脚踝、膝盖、臀部和背部带来更大的压力，所以要循序渐进

。另一个选择是从加重背心开始，而不是背包。这样可以将重量分散到你的前后。当然，别忘了你的脚。选择一双舒适的鞋子以防止受伤)”可知，最后一段主要讲徒步的技巧。故答案为Tipsforrucking.四、书面表达(共1小题，20分)36.根据题

目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的英语短文。词数不少于60。假设你是李华，你校本周一举行了消防演练(firedrill)活动。请给校报英语专栏写一篇稿件，记录演练过程并表达感想。可参考如下内容。

开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。·gooutoftheclassroomwhenhearingthefirealarmgooff·godownstairs,useatoweltocoverthenoseandmouth·takeusthreeminutest

oreachthesportsfield·thefiremenpraiseus·…Inordertoraiseoursafetyawarenessandpractiseourskillsforself-protection,wehadafiredrilli

nourschoolthisMonday.___________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】One

possibleversion:Inordertoraiseoursafetyawarenessandpractiseourskillsforself-protection,wehadafiredrillinourschoolthisMonday.A

llthestudentsandourteacherwentoutoftheclassroomwhenhearingthefirealarmgooff.Everyonebentdownandusedatoweltocoverthenoseandmouth

whilegoingdownstairsatafastpace.Ittookusonlythreeminutestogettothesportsfield.Thefiremenwereimpressedbyo

urquickactionandpraisedus.Thisactivitywasaninstructiveandmeaningfullessontoeveryoneofus.Ithinkthatsafe

tyshouldbethefirstthinginourdailylife.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设考生是李华，你校本周一举行了消防演练(firedrill)活动。请给校报英语专栏写一篇稿件，记录演练过程并表达感想。【详

解】1.词汇积累了：inorderto→soasto提高：raise→improve响起：gooff→ringout表扬：praise→speakhighlyof2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Inordertoraiseoursafetyawarenessandpractiseour

skillsforself-protection,wehadafiredrillinourschool为thisMonday.拓展句：WehadafiredrillinourschoolthisMonday

,whoseaimistoraiseoursafetyawarenessandpractiseourskillsforself-protection.【点睛】[高分句型1]Inordertoraise

oursafetyawarenessandpractiseourskillsforself-protection,wehadafiredrillinourschoolthisMonday.(运用了不定式作目的状语)[高分句型2]Ithinkthatsafetyshouldb

ethefirstthinginourdailylife.(运用了that引导宾语从句)听力答案：1.B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.B7.A8.B9.C10.C11.A12.B13.A14.C15.B16.A17.C18.A19.B20.B21.Wyeth/

WYETH22.Friday23.park24.62478325.morning