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2021学年上大附中第二学期4月线上教学阶段调研高一年级英语试卷（满分100分，60分钟完成。）I.GrammarandVocabulary（30分）SectionA(15分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomak

ethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegiv

enword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.DoctorsinDistressThinkingaboutbecomingadoctororanurseinthefuture?Youmightwanttothinkagain.

Inthepastfewyears,therehasbeenstoryafterstoryaboutdoctorsandnurses____1____(attack)byunhappypatientsandtheirfamilies.Insomecases,doctorshave

evenbeenstabbedtodeath.In2012,areportbytheChinaHospitalAssociationsaidthat96percentofmedicalstaffhadbeenverballya

ssaultedbypatientsand63.7percenthadbeenphysicallyattackedandinjured.Thesestatisticsaretrulyshockingandtheyshowthatthereis____2___

_verywrongwithChina’shealthcaresystem.AsChinahasdeveloped,sohasitshealthcaresystem.Doctorsandnursesarebettertrainedand,atleastinthebigcities,hospi

tals____3____(equip)withthelatesttechnology.Chinesecitizensalsohavebetteraccess____4____medicaltreatmentand95

percentofthepopulationiscoveredbyhealthinsurance.Butattheheartofallthispositivechangelurkssomeverynegativefacts.

Healthinsuranceonlycoversabout30percentofmedicalcosts,soaseriousillnessmaybankruptfamilies.Thenthereisthefa

ctthatdoctorsandnurses____5____(pay)verylowsalaries.____6____(increase)theirincomes,doctorsmayprescribemoremedicalteststhannecessaryandprescribe

drugsforwhichtheyreceivemoneyfromthehospitalandperhapseventhedrugmanufacturer.Allthisaddstoextracostsforthepatient.But____7____frustratespa

tientsmostisthedifficultyinseeingadoctorinthefirstplace.Hospitalsinmajorcitiesareoverwhelmedwiththenumb

erofpatientsthatcomethroughthedoorseveryday.Theheavydemandmeansthatdoctorsspendanaverageofjustsevenminutesw

itheachpatient____8____(leave)waitingthreeorfourhourstoseeadoctor,asickpersonrightfullyfeelsadoctorshouldspendalittlemoretimewithhiman

dshowalittlemoreconsideration.Thedesire____9____(help)peopleisadmirableandthemedicalprofessionisanhonorableone,butintoda

y’sChina,anyone____10____(enter)thatprofessionhastobeasaint(圣人).【答案】1attacked2.something3.areequipped4.to5.arepaid6.Toincrease7

.what8.left9.tohelp10.entering【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国医生和护士悲哀的现状，以及造成这种情况的原因。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，有一个又一个关于医生和护士被不快乐的病

人及其家人袭击的故事。句中谓语是“hasbeen”，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填attacked。【2题详解】考查不定代词。句意：这些数据确实令人震惊，它们表明中国的医疗保健系统存在很大的问题。根据语境可知，句子表示“这些数

据确实令人震惊，它们表明中国的医疗保健系统存在很大的问题”，thereissomethingwrongwith是固定短语，意为“某物有问题”，因此空格处是something。故填something。【3题详解

】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：医生和护士接受了更好的培训，至少在大城市，医院配备了最新的技术。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，医院是被配备最新的技术，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语hospitals是复数，因此空格处是areequipped。故填areequipped。【4题详解

】考查介词。句意：中国公民的医疗条件也有所改善，医疗保险覆盖了95%的人口。haveaccessto是固定短语，意为“可以使用”，故填to。【5题详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：此外，医生和护士的工资很低。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，医生和护士是被付工资，因此空格处用一

般现在时的被动语态，主语“doctorsandnurses”是复数，因此空格处是arepaid，故填arepaid。【6题详解】考查不定式。句意：为了增加收入，医生可能会开更多不必要的医疗检查处方，并开一些他们从医院甚至.制药商那里得到钱的药

物。根据语境和句意可知，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Toincrease。【7题详解】考查主语从句。句意：但最让病人沮丧的是看病难。分析可知，空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物，空格处用what引导主语从句，故填what。【8题详解】考查非

谓语动词。句意：大量的需求意味着医生平均只花了7分钟来为那些等待3到4个小时的病人看病，病人理所当然地觉得医生应该多花一点时间和他在一起，对他多一点关心。宾语从句的谓语动词为spend，故空处应用非谓语动词，patient和leave之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词，故填left

。【9题详解】考查不定式。句意：帮助他人的愿望是令人钦佩的，医疗行业是一个光荣的职业，但在今天的中国，任何进入这个行业的人都必须是圣人。desire意为“愿望，欲望，渴望”，其后用不定式作后置定语，故填tohelp。【10题详

解】考查现在分词。句意：帮助他人的愿望是令人钦佩的，医疗行业是一个光荣的职业，但在今天的中国，任何进入这个行业的人都必须是圣人。句中谓语是“hastobe”，空格处用非谓语动词，anyone和enter之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填ente

ring。SectionB（15分）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notetha

tthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.suitableB.unfortunatelyC.worsenD.affordE.riskF.expensiveG.ideallyH.provideI.solu

tionJ.remainK.concernInrecentweeks,manyparentshaverealizedthedifficulttruthaboutschoolthisfallbecauseofCOVID-19.Hopingforabetter____11____,par

entsaroundU.S.havestartedorganizing“pandemic(流行病)pods”,orhomeschoolingpods,forthefall,inwhichgroupsof3to10studentslearntogetherinhom

esundertheguidanceofthechildren’sparentsorahiredteacher.Forparentswhocanorganizeand____12____them,podsseemlikeaneasycho

ice.“Idon’tbelievethattheonlinecoursesforthatagegroupare____13____.Kidsatthisagereallyneedthatmultimodalsensorylearning(多模式感官学习).”oneparentsaid.The

sepodscould____14____familieswithaschoolingchoicethatfeelssafe—yetalsoallowskidstohavefunandbuildsocialskills.However,it

alsohasunavoidableshortcomings.Dependingonhowthepodsaresetup,theymayofferparentsbreak.Butgiventhatpodscanbe____15___

_,complicatedtoorganizeandself-selecting,itispossiblethattheyaremostpopularamongwealthyfamilies,expertssay,andmay____16____educ

ationalinequality.Another____17____aboutpodsisthatfamiliesmaynotknowhowtominimizeCovidrisks.Podsshouldn’thavemorethanfivekids____18____,saidSaskiaP

opescu,aninfectionpreventionexpert.Whenyouaddtogethertheteacherandallofthekids’familymembers,aseeminglysmallpodendsupincludin

gdozensofpeople,andthemorepeopleinit,thegreaterthe____19____forcoronavirusexposure(接触).Furthermore,famili

esinlearningpodsshouldn’tsocializewithpeopleoutsidethepodunlesstheywearmasksand_____20_____sociallydistant,Dr.Popescusaid.Podsshouldhaveclearru

lesonwearingmasksandwashinghands.【答案】11.I.solution12.D.afford13.A.suitable14.H.provide15.F.expensive16.C.worsen17.K.concern18.G.ideall

y19.E.risk20.J.remain【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠肺炎流行期间，一些家长建立学习小组，组织孩子在家接受教育。同时这种模式也带来了一些问题。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：为了找到一个更好的解决办法，美国各地的家长们已经开始建立学习小组，为秋季做

准备。在小屋里，让3到10个学生在孩子的父母或者雇佣的老师的指导下在家里一起学习。根据空格前的不定冠词a，可知此处为名词，根据“parentsaroundU.S.havestartedorganizing“pandemic(流行病)pods”,orhomeschoolingpods”可知，为了

找到一个更好的解决办法，美国各地的家长们已经开始组织“流行病小屋”，或者家庭教育小屋，所以此处表达solution“方法”为可数名词，abettersolution作介词for的宾语。故填I项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：对于那些能够组织起来并负担得起

的父母来说，学习小组似乎是一个简单的选择。分析句子可知，空格处和organize并列，需填动词，afford“负担得起”为动词，符合句意。故选D项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为网络课程对这个年龄组的孩子是不合适的。分析句子可知，空格处为动词b

e的表语，根据“Kidsatthisagereallyneedthatmultimodalsensorylearning(多模式感官学习).”oneparentsaid.”可知，网络课程对这个年龄组的孩子是不合适的。所以此处用suitable“合适的”为形容词，作表语。故选A项。【14

题详解】考查动词。句意：这些学习小组可以为家庭提供安全的教育选择——同时也让孩子们玩得开心，培养社交技能。情态动词could后接动词原形，provide“提供”为动词，providesbwithsth，提供给某

人某物，和could一起构成复合谓语，符合句意。故选H项。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：但专家表示，考虑到学习小组教育的昂贵、组织和自选过程复杂，它们可能在富裕家庭中最受欢迎，并可能加剧教育不平等。动词be后需要接表语，expensive“昂贵的”为形容词，作表语，符合句意。故选

F项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：同5题。情态动词may后需要接动词原形，根据“itispossiblethattheyaremostpopularamongwealthyfamilies,”可知，加剧了教育的不平等。所以worsen“使更糟糕”为动词，和ma

y一起构成复合谓语，符合句意。故选C项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：关于学习小组教育的另一个担忧是，家庭可能不知道如何最小化新冠肺炎的风险。another“又一；另一”此处为形容词，后面需要接名词，concern“担忧”为名词，符合句意。故选K项。【

18题详解】考查副词。句意：传染病预防专家SaskiaPopescu,说，小屋最好不要超过五个孩子。ideally“理想地；最好地”为副词，修饰整句，符合句意。故选G项。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：当你把老师和所有孩子的家庭成员加在一起，一个看起来很小的学习小

组最终包含了几十个人，而且里面的人越多，感染冠状病毒的风险就越大。根据定冠词the可知空格处为名词，根据“themorepeopleinit”可知，越多，感染冠状病毒的风险就越大。risk“风险”为名词，

符合句意。故选E项。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：此外，Dr.Popescu说，在学习小组的家庭不应该与屋外的人交往，除非他们戴上面具，并保持社交距离。根据连词and可知空格处与前文wearmasks并列，应填动词。remain“保持”为系动词，r

emainsociallydistant意为“保持社交距离”，符合句意。故选J项。III.ReadingComprehension（70分）SectionA（30分）Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpas

sagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Youdon'thavetobeagardener,af

armer,oravegetariantoappreciatehowmuchwealldependonplants.Plants___21___uswithfood,shelter,clothing,medicine,andeventheairwebreathe!Herearejustsome

ofthewaysthatpeoplerelyonplants,___22___thosenativetotheUnitedStates.CLEANAIRANDWATER:Plantsarethebasisofhealthyecosystemstha

t___23___manyfunctions,includingpurifyingairandwater.Greenplantsharnessenergyfromsunlightthroughthe___24___ofphotosynthesis

(光合作用).Witheverybreathwetake,wedependontheoxygenthatisgivenoffasaby-productofthatreaction.Plantsalso___25___thewatercycl

e.Morethan90%ofthewaterthatistakeninthroughaplant'srootsiseventually___26___backtotheatmosphereinaprocesscalledtranspiration.FOOD:Plantsprovidethe

basisofmostfoodwebsonEarth.Eventhe___27___meateaters,suchaslions,needplantsbecausethepreythey___28___areplanteaters.T

hewildrelativesofourownfoodplantsarebecomingincreasinglyimportantforbreedingtomakehealthierandmoreproductivecrops.___29___theTexaswildrice,kno

wnfromonlyoneriverinTexas,isbeingbredwithnorthernwildricetodevelopanewstrainsuitableformildclimates.SHELTER:Plantsprovi

denotonlyfoodandoxygen,butalso___30___andshelter.Thewoodfromtreesisusedintheconstructionofmanyofourhomes.Plantsalso___31___habitatsformanyothe

ranimals.Asingletreeinthetropicscanbe___32___.tomorethan1,000differentinsectspeciesalone.ENERGY:Everytimewe___

33___thelightsinaroom,weuseplantsthatlivedalongtimeago.Over350millionyearsago,giantrelativesoftoday'sferms(蕨类)___34___m

udastheydiedandsowerepreventedfromdecaying.Overtheyears,theywerecompressed(压缩)to___35___coalandotherfossilfuelsuponwhichmostoft

heworldnowreliesforenergy.21.A.offerB.affordC.deliverD.provide22.A.originallyB.particularlyC.typically

D.currently23.A.performB.admireC.settleD.transport24.A.materialB.processC.challengeD.behaviour25.A.belongtoB.refertoC.playaro

leinD.areonbehalfof26.A.releasedB.respondedC.recycledD.captured27.A.uniqueB.strictestC.juniorD.senior28.A.

selectB.consumeC.acquireD.assume29.A.NodoubtB.FromdifferentperspectiveC.IncaseD.Forexample30.A.locat

ionB.freedomC.protectionD.convenience31.A.createB.respectC.reflectD.arrange32.A.elementB.objectC.homeD.dump33.A.s

witchoffB.switchonC.closeD.open34.A.wereashamedofB.wereproudofC.wereafraidofD.werecoveredwith35.A.indicateB.bur

nC.formD.earn【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.B25.C26.A27.B28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.B34.D35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。植物为我们提供食物、住

所、衣服、药品，甚至我们呼吸的空气。文章主要从四个方面说明了人类是离不开植物的。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：植物为我们提供食物、住所、衣服、药品，甚至我们呼吸的空气！A.offer提议；B.afford买得起；C.deliver递送；D.provide提供。结合后文

“uswithfood,shelter,clothing,medicine,andeventheairwebreathe!”可知食物、住所、衣服、药品，甚至我们呼吸的空气是植物提供给我们的。故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这里只是一些人们依赖植物的方式，尤

其是那些美国本土的植物。A.originally最初；B.particularly尤其；C.typically典型地；D.currently目前。后文专门提到美国本土植物，所以是尤其是那些美国本土的植物

。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：植物是健康生态系统的基础，这些生态系统执行许多功能，包括净化空气和水。A.perform表演，执行；B.admire钦佩；C.settle解决；D.transport运输。结合后文“manyfunctions,includingpur

ifyingairandwater”可知此处指生态系统执行许多功能，包括净化空气和水，应用perform，其他选项不符合语境。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：绿色植物通过光合作用的过程利用太阳光中的能量。A.material材料；B.process过程；

C.challenge挑战；D.behaviour行为。结合常识，绿色植物是通过光合作用的过程来利用太阳光中的能量。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：植物在水循环中也扮演着重要的角色。A.belongto属于；B.referto涉及；C.pl

ayarolein在……起作用；D.areonbehalfof代表。上文提到植物可以净化水，所以植物在水循环中也扮演着重要的角色。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过植物根部吸收的水，有90%以上最终会通过蒸腾作用释放到大气中。A.released释放；B.r

esponded回答；C.recycled回收利用；D.captured俘虏。结合后文“backtotheatmosphere”可知植物能够将水释放到大气中。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是最绝对的肉食动物，如狮子，也

需要植物，因为它们捕食的是食草动物。A.unique独特的；B.strictest最严格的，最绝对的；C.junior下级的；D.senior年长的。根据后文“suchaslions”可知狮子是绝对的肉食动物。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是最绝对的肉食动

物，如狮子，也需要植物，因为它们捕食的是食草动物。A.select选择；B.consume消耗；C.acquire获得；D.assume设想。上文they指的是肉食动物，肉食动物需要吃食草动物，此处应用con

sume表示“捕食，进食”。故选B。【29题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，德克萨斯州只有一条河流出产的野生稻正在与北方野生稻进行杂交，以培育出一种适合温和气候的新品种。A.Nodoubt无疑地；B.Fromdifferentperspective从不同角度

；C.Incase万一；D.Forexample例如。后文“theTexaswildrice”在举例说明，应用forexample。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：植物不仅提供食物和氧气，而且提供保护和庇护。A.location位置；B.freedom自由；C.protection保

护；D.convenience方便。根据后文“andshelter”可知植物可以提供保护和庇护。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：植物也为许多其他动物创造了栖息地。A.create创造；B.respect尊

重；C.reflect反射；D.arrange安排。结合后文“habitatsformanyotheranimals”可知植物为许多其他动物创造了栖息地。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：热带地区的一棵树就可能是1000多种不同昆虫的家园

。A.element要素；B.object物体；C.home家；D.dump垃圾场。根据后文“tomorethan1,000differentinsectspeciesalone”可知一棵树是1000多种昆虫的家园，behometo“是……的家园”。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词辨析。

句意：每次我们打开房间里的灯，我们使用的是很久以前的植物产生的能源。A.switchoff关闭；B.switchon打开，用于“打开”一些电器设备，使其开始工作；C.close关闭；D.open打开，把封起来的或合起来的东西打开或揭开，强调从紧闭的状态向开放状态的移动。根据后文“thelig

htsinaroom,weuseplantsthatlivedalongtimeago”可知指“打开灯”应用switchon。故选B。【34题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：3亿5千万年前，今天的蕨类植物的近亲在死亡时

被泥土覆盖，因此得以防止腐烂。A.wereashamedof对……感到羞耻；B.wereproudof为……感到骄傲；C.wereafraidof害怕；D.werecoveredwith覆盖着。结合后文“mudastheydiedandsow

erepreventedfromdecaying”可知指蕨类植物的近亲在死亡时被泥土覆盖，因此得以防止腐烂。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的压缩，它们变成了煤和其他化石燃料，现

在世界上大部分地区都依赖这些燃料。A.indicate表明；B.burn燃烧；C.form形成；D.earn赚得。结合后文“coalandotherfossilfuels”可知此处指蕨类植物经过压缩形成了煤和其他化石燃料。故选C。SectionB（22分）Directions:Readthefo

llowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtothei

nformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven

’tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learnin

gasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisi

stheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheeffectisgreaterw

hentheyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage.AteamledbyDr.AndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagro

upofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberofla

terlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguag

e.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifference.“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestru

ctureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage,”saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreas

estheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWales,hasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualis

mandmathsskills.“Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible(灵活的),”hesaid.“Youareact

uallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeaker

swhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesoftwoandthirty-four.Reading,writing,andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresul

tsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter.“Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherw

orld,”explainedthescientists.36.Themainsubjecttalkedaboutinthispassageis________.A.scienceonlearningasecondlanguageB.man’sabilityoflearningasecondla

nguageC.thatlanguagecanhelpbrainpowerD.languagelearningandmathsstudy37.Inthesecondparagraph,thewriterment

ions“exercise”inorderto______.A.saylanguageisalsoakindofphysicallaborB.provethatoneneedsmorepracticewhenhe(she)islearningalanguage

C.toshowtheimportanceofusingthelanguagewhenyoulearnthelanguageD.makepeoplebelievelanguagelearninghelpsgreymatterworkwell38.Theunderlinedword“bili

ngual”probablymeans_______.A.aresearcheronlanguagelearningB.asecondlanguagelearnerC.apersonwhocanspeaktwola

nguagesD.anactivelanguagelearner39.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorwantstotellusthat_________.A.learningasecondlanguageisthesameasstudyingma

thsB.earlylearningofasecondlanguagehelpsyouagreatdealinstudyingothersubjectsC.ItalianisthebestchoiceforyouasasecondlanguageD.you’dbetterchoosetheag

esbetween2and34tolearnasecondlanguage【答案】36.C37.D38.C39.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究显示，学习一门外语能够增强脑力，增强人的学习能力，这是因为学习外语改变了大脑的灰质

，大脑灰质负责对信息的处理。研究还发现，越早地学习一门外语，学习能力越强。【36题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagec

anleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.”可知，英国一所大学的一项新研究表明，学习另一种语言有助于增强脑力。以及下文通过一些科学研究和科学家的实验都用来证明了这个观点。所以本文主要讨论的主题是语言有助于增强脑力。故C选项正确

。【37题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhic

hprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.”可知，研究人员发现学习其他语言会改变灰质。这是大脑处理信息的区域。这与锻炼塑造肌肉的方式相似。所以作者把语言学习对大脑的促进作用比作体育

锻炼对塑造肌肉的促进作用，目的是为了说明语言学习对大脑的促进与体育锻炼对塑造肌肉有类似的作用。故在第二段中，作者提到“exercise”是为了让人们相信，语言学习促进大脑灰质很好地发挥它的作用。故D选项

正确。【38题详解】词义猜测题。由第三段“Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners

”可知，研究人员将他们与一组“早期双语者”和一些较晚的双语学习者进行了比较。“早期双语者”在五岁之前就学会了另一种语言，所以由who引导的定语从句的内容，判断出加下划线的“bilingual”可能是指能说两种语言的人。故C选项正确。【39题详解】推理判断题

。由最后一段“ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesoftwoandthirty-four.Reading,writing,

andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter”可知，研究人员对以意大利语为母语、在2岁至34岁之间将英语作为第二语言的

人进行了调查。对阅读、写作和理解都进行了测试。结果表明，他们越早地学习一门语言，对学习其它科目的效果就越好。所以通过研究结果可以判断出，作者想告诉我们，早些学习一门语言对学习其他科目有很大帮助。故B选

项正确。【点睛】通过事物的附加成分或者修饰成分是解决词义猜测题的重要解题方法，通过附加成分或者修饰成分，能够判断出所要猜测的词或者短语的具体内容，具体信息。由第三段“Theywerecomparedwith

agroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.”可知

，研究人员将他们与一组“早期双语者”和一些较晚的学习者进行了比较。“早期双语者”在五岁之前就学会了另一种语言。所以由who引导的定语从句的内容，判断出加下划线的“bilingual”可能是指能说两种语言的人。故小题3的正确选项为C选项。(B)PeoplesaythattheBr

itishalwaysplaysafewithwhattheyeat.Nottrue!IwenttoasummerschoolinManchesterandmyEnglishteacherwascalledMaggie.Oneday,adifferentteacher

tookourclass.HetoldusthatMaaggiecouldn’tteachthatdayCOZshehadafroginherthroat.PoorMaggie—butwhydidshetrytoeatsuchabigfrog?135commentsWhenIfi

rstvisitedNewYork,Iwenttoadowntownshoppingcentretobuysomewinterboots.Attheinformationdeskattheentrance,Iaskedaladywheretheshoesectio

nwas.Shesaidthatitwasonthefirstfloor.SoIwentuptothefirstfloor,butcouldn’tfindanyshoes.Idecidedtoleave.

WhenIwaslookingfortheexit,Isawthatshoeswereactuallysolddownstairsonthegroundfloor,notthefirstfloor.Whydidshegivemethewronginfo

rmation?128commentsI’vegotanEnglishpenfriend,whoIfinallygottomeetinLondonthissummer.Hehadtoldmethathisgrandfatherwas“reallywick

ed”.ButwhenImethisgrandfather,Ilikedhimalot.Ifounditveryodd.Whydidmyfrienduseanegativewordaboutsuchaniceman?63comment

sTheBritishmusthavereallyhighstandards.IwaspartofastudentexchangeprogrammebetweenauniversityinEnglandandmyun

iversityinChina.IspentdayspreparingandwritingfirstEnglishpaper.IknewIhaddoneagoodjobandwaslookingforwardtogetting

apositivecomment.WhenIgotthepaperback,Ifoundmyteacherhadwrittenthecomment“Notbad!”Notbad?Butthereweren’tanyer

rorsinmypaper.85comments40.Itcanbeinferredthatthepurposeofthepassageisto________.A.introduceexamplesofInternetl

anguagearewidelyusedB.remindusthatlanguageandculturecausemisunderstandingsC.showusthesuccessfulwaystodealwiththereallife

situationsD.avoidmisadventuresinEnglishbysharingstoriesandcomments41.ThefourstudentssharedtheirfunnystoriesaboutusingEnglishmainlyb

ecause________.A.theywerecuriousabouttheEnglishlanguageBtheywantedtoexchangetheirstorieswithoverseastudentsC.theywere

anxioustocommunicatewithpeoplearoundD.thewordsandexpressionscausedmisunderstanding42.Whichofthefollowingexplanationsdoesn’tmatchthemeanings

oftheunderlinedexpressionsintheposts?A“Haveafroginone’sthroat”means“one’sthroatisdryorblocked”.B.“Thefirstfloor”means“thefloorofab

uildingatgroundlevel”.C.“Reallywicked”means“prettygood,betterthanyouexpected”.D.“Notbad”means“morallywrongandintendi

ngtohurtpeople”.【答案】40.B41.D42.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过分享几个帖子来告诉我们课堂上学习的一些英语与实际情况中使用的英语可能会有不同，可能会造成一些误解。【40题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段的“HetoldusthatMaaggiecouldn’tteachthatdayCOZshehadafroginherthroat.PoorMaggie-butwhydidshetrytoe

atsuchabigfrog?(他告诉我们Maaggie那天不能教书了，因为她嗓子哑了。可怜的Maaggie——但是她为什么要吃掉这么大的一只青蛙呢？)”，第二段的“WhenIwaslookingfortheexit,Isawthatsho

eswereactuallysolddownstairsonthegroundfloor,notthefirstfloor.Whydidshegivemethewronginformation?(当我在找出口的时候，我看

到鞋子实际上是在负一楼卖的，而不是一楼。她为什么给我错误的信息？)”，第三段的“ButwhenImethisgrandfather,Ilikedhimalot.Ifounditveryodd.Whydidmyfrienduseanegativewordabou

tsuchaniceman?(但当我遇到他的祖父时，我很喜欢他。我觉得很奇怪。为什么我的朋友对这么好的一个人使用负面的词？)”及最后一段的“WhenIgotthepaperback,Ifoundmyteacherhadwritten

thecomment“Notbad!”Notbad?Butthereweren’tanyerrorsinmypaper.(当我拿回试卷时，我发现老师已经写了“不错！”不坏？但是我的论文没有任何错误。)”可知，本文目的是提醒我们语

言和文化会造成误解，故选B。..【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“HetoldusthatMaaggiecouldn’tteachthatdayCOZshehadafroginherthroat.PoorMaggie-butwhydidshetrytoea

tsuchabigfrog?(他告诉我们Maaggie那天不能教书了，因为她嗓子哑了。可怜的Maaggie——但是她为什么要吃掉这么大的一只青蛙呢？)”，第二段的“WhenIwaslookingfortheexit,Isawthatshoes

wereactuallysolddownstairsonthegroundfloor,notthefirstfloor.Whydidshegivemethewronginformation?(当我在找出口的时候，我看到鞋子实际上是在负一楼卖的，而不是一楼。她为什

么给我错误的信息？)”，第三段的“ButwhenImethisgrandfather,Ilikedhimalot.Ifounditveryodd.Whydidmyfrienduseanegativewordabout

suchaniceman?(但当我遇到他的祖父时，我很喜欢他。我觉得很奇怪。为什么我的朋友对这么好的一个人使用负面的词？)”及最后一段的“WhenIgotthepaperback,Ifoundmyteacherh

adwrittenthecomment“Notbad!”Notbad?Butthereweren’tanyerrorsinmypaper.(当我拿回试卷时，我发现老师已经写了“不错！”不坏？但是我的论文没有任何错误。)”可知，这四

个学生分享他们使用英语的有趣故事主要是因为这些词语引起了误解，故选D。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Notbad?Butthereweren’tanyerrorsinmypaper.(不坏？但是我的论文没有任何错误。)”可知，“Notbad”的意思是“不

赖，不错”，因此D选项对这个短语的解释是错的，故选D。(C)It’sacommonexperience:You’relookingthroughasocialmediapage,andyouseepicturesoffriendstravelingorgoingtopa

rties.Suddenlyyoustarttowonderwhyyou’renotdoingthosethings.Areyoumissingoutonsomethingfunandexcitingbecauseyou’relockedintoev

erydaylife?Thisexperiencehascometobeknownasthefearofmissingout,sometimesshortenedFOMO.Tosomeextentpeoplehavealwaysw

orriedaboutmissingoutonthings.Butwiththeriseofsocialmedia,FOMOisbecomingmuchmorecommon.Wantingtobeinonthefunwhenexcitingthingsarehappeningiscom

pletelynormal.Butforsomepeople,itcanleadtofascinationwithcheckingtheirphonestofindoutwhatotherpeoplearedoing.Evenwhiledoingthingsthat

arefunornecessary,peoplecanfeellikethere’ssomethingbettergoingonelsewhere.Thisurgetoconnectcanironicallyleadthemtodisconnectfromthepeopletheyare

actuallywith.Itpreventsthemfrombeingsatisfiedwiththegoodthingsintheirlives.Itcanevenbedangerous;somepeopletrytocheckmessageswhiledr

iving.It’simportanttorememberthatwhatpeoplechoosetopostonsocialmediadoesnotnecessarilyreflecttheirlifeoverall.Peopletendtopickandchoosethethingsth

eyshare,soweonlyeverknowasmallpartofanyoneelse’slife.It’salsoimportanttobemodestandacceptyourlimitations.Youcannotbeeverywhereand

doeverythingthatmightbeinterestingorproductive,andthat’sOK.Itmightevenbenecessarytoturnoffyourphoneorlogoutofsocialme

diaforawhile.Getridoftheconstantremindersofeverythingthat’shappeningintheworld.Youcanevensetparticulartimesinyourdaytocheckemailandsocialmedi

a.Bysteppingawayforatime,youcanhelpkeepotherpeople’slivesinperspective.Finallyfocusonthethingsinfrontofyou.Relish

them,dothemwellandleteverythingelsego.Whenyoufullyengagewithlife,you’llworrylessaboutwhatyou’renotdoing.Don’tletthefearofmi

ssingoutcauseyoutomissoutonthegoodthingsyouhaveinlife.Relax,enjoywhatyoudoandletotherpeopleenjoytheirlivesw

ithoutenvyingthem.43.Thefearofmissingoutismainlycausedby________accordingtothepassage.A.lockingintoothers’lifeB.thefrequentuseofsocialmediaCther

iseofsocialmediaD.travellingorgoingtoparties44.Whatresultmayfollowifyouarecrazytofindoutwhatisgoingonintheworld?A.Nocheckingmessageswhiledriving

.B.Checkingsocialmediaunwillingly.C.Beingpleasedwithmygoodthings.D.Separatingfromthepeoplearound.45.

Theunderlinedworld“relish”(inparagraph6)isclosedinmeaningto________.A.enjoyB.ignoreC.hateD.envy46.Whichofthef

ollowingmightbetheauthor’sadviceaccordingtothepassage?A.Trytocheckandfindoutwhatpeoplehavesharedinmedia.B.Letotherpeopleenjoyourliveswithoutenvyingt

heirs.C.Don’tletthoughtsofwhatyoucouldbedoingstealyourhappiness.D.Pickandchoosethethingspeopleshareonsocialmedia.【答案】43.B44.D45.A46

.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是随着社交媒体的兴起，“错过恐惧症”，也称FOMO变得越来越普遍，作者在文中给出了一些缓解这种情况的建议。【43题详解】,.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Tosomeextentpeoplehaveal

waysworriedaboutmissingoutonthings.Butwiththeriseofsocialmedia,FOMOisbecomingmuchmorecommon.(在某种程度上，人们总是担

心会错过一些东西。但随着社交媒体的兴起，FOMO变得越来越普遍。)”可知，害怕错过的主要原因是社交媒体的频繁使用，故选B。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Evenwhiledoingthings

thatarefunornecessary,peoplecanfeellikethere’ssomethingbettergoingonelsewhere.Thisurgetoconnectcaniron

icallyleadthemtodisconnectfromthepeopletheyareactuallywith.(即使在做一些有趣或必要的事情时，人们也会觉得其他地方有更好的事情发生。具有讽刺意味的是，这种联系的冲动会导致他们与真正在一起的人断开联

系。)”可知，如果你疯狂地想知道世界上发生了什么，结果会是与周围的人分离。故选D。【45题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“focusonthethingsinfrontofyou(专注于你面前的事情)”和“dothemwellandleteverythingelsego

(做好它们，放下其他一切)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“享受它们，做好它们，放下其他一切”，划线词的意思是“享受”，和enjoy意思相近，故选A。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Don’tletthefearofmissi

ngoutcauseyoutomissoutonthegoodthingsyouhaveinlife.Relax,enjoywhatyoudoandletotherpeopleenjoytheirliveswithoutenvy

ingthem.(不要因为害怕错过而错过你生活中拥有的美好事物。放松，享受你所做的，让别人享受他们的生活，不要嫉妒他们。)”可知，作者的建议可能是不要让你可能在做的事情的想法偷走你的幸福，故选C。SectionC（8分）Directions:Readthe

followingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Dire

ctions:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwo

moresentencesthanyouneed.WhatIsaDream?Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthattheydreamabout.Somepsychologistssaythatthisnig

httimeactivityofthemindhasnospecialmeaning.Others,however,thinkthatdreamsareanimportantpartofourlives.Inf

act,manyexpertsbelievethatdreamscantellusaboutaperson'smindandemotions.Beforemoderntimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamsc

ontainedmessagesfromGod.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.TheAustrianpsychologis

t,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheInterpretatio

nofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsareanexpressionofaperson'swishes.Hebelievedthat____47____TheSwisspsychiatristCar

lJungwasonceastudentofFreud's.Jung,however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessa

getothedreamer.____48____Forexample,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,people

whodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemselves.Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.For

example,psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,believesthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoaperson'sdail

ylife,thoughts,andbehavior.____49____Domhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsandage.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendono

tdreamasmuchasadults.AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstimetodevelop.Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsandgender.Hisstudiesshowthatth

edreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.Forexample,thepeopleinmen'sdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.Th

isisnottrueofwomen'sdreams.Domhofffoundthisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingbot

hmodernandtraditionalones.Candreamshelpusunderstandourselves?Psychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthisquestionindifferentways.____50__

__Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactuallytakeplace.It'simportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.A.

Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.B.Aperson’sdreamsandthemeaningofthosedreamsarebetweenthepersona

ndGodalone.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterrib

leisgoingtooccur,youshouldn'tpanic.E.Dreamsallowpeopletoexpressthefeelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.F.Hethoughtpeo

plecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.【答案】47.E48.F49.C50.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。几个世纪以来，人们一直对他们梦到的奇怪的事情感到好奇。一

些心理学家说，这种夜间思维活动没有特殊意义。然而，其他人认为梦是我们生活中重要的一部分。事实上，许多专家相信梦可以告诉我们一个人的思想和情感。文章主要说明了不同的专家对于梦的不同看法。【47题详解】根据上文“Th

eAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheInterpretati

onofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsareanexpressionofaperson'swishes.Hebelievedthat(奥地利心理学家SigmundFreud可能是第一个科学地研究梦的人。

在他的著名著作《梦的诠释》(1900)中，Freud写道，梦是一个人愿望的表达。他认为……)”可知，本句应当承接上文，说明SigmundFreud对于梦的观点是什么，且上文提到“梦是一个人愿望的表达”，即人们在梦里可

以表达自己在现实生活中不敢表达的东西。E选项中expressthefeelings可对应到上文中anexpressionofaperson'swishes。故E选项“梦允许人们表达他们在现实生活中不敢表达的感情、想法和恐惧”符合语境，故选E。【48题详解】根据上文“T

heSwisspsychiatristCarlJungwasonceastudentofFreud's.Jung,however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepu

rposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.(瑞士精神病学家CarlJung曾是Freud的学生。然而，Jung对梦有不同的看法。Jung相信梦的目的是向做梦者传达一个信息)”以及后文“Forexample,peopl

ewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthatthey

thinktoolittleofthemselves.(例如，梦到摔倒的人可能会发现他们对自己的评价太高了。另一方面，那些梦想成为英雄的人可能会发现他们对自己的评价太低了)”可知，上文提到了CarlJung对梦的不同看法，他认为梦的目的是给做梦者传

达信息，且后文提到梦中的各种行为，反应了做梦者对自己的看法，说明CarlJung认为人们可以通过自己的梦境来进一步了解自己。F选项中He指的是上文提到的CarlJung。故F选项“他认为人们可以通过思考自己的梦来更多地了解自己”符合语境，故选F。【49题详解

】根据上文“Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.Forexample,psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,believ

esthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoaperson'sdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.(现代心理学家继续发展关于梦的理论。例如，来自加州大学圣克鲁兹分校的心理学家WilliamD

omhoff认为，梦与一个人的日常生活、思想和行为紧密相连)”可知，上文提到了WilliamDomhoff对于梦的看法，本句为本段最后一句，应当承接上文举例说明，梦是如何与人的日常生活有关的。故C选项“例如，一

个罪犯可能会梦见犯罪”符合语境，故选C。【50题详解】根据后文“Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactu

allytakeplace.It'simportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.(梦可能有意义，但它并不意味着一些可怕的事件会真的发生。重要的是要记住梦的世界不是真实的世界)”可知，后文提

到梦到可怕的事情不一定意味着真的会发生，D选项中somethingterrible可对应到后文中someterribleevent。故D选项“然而，他们一致同意的一点是：如果你梦到一些可怕的事情将要发生，你不应该恐慌”符合语境，故选D。IV.Tran

slation：（10分）Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.51

.多亏了负责任的医生，我患癌的姐姐扛过了手术。（livethrough）（汉译英）【答案】Thankstoresponsibledoctors,mysisterwithcancerlivedthroughthesurgery.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。“多亏了”是t

hanksto，“负责任的”是responsible，“医生”是doctor，需用复数，“我患癌的姐姐”是mysisterwithcancer，“扛过”是livethrough，作谓语，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，

“手术”是thesurgery。故答案为Thankstoresponsibledoctors,mysisterwithcancerlivedthroughthesurgery.52.能受邀来参加毕业典礼并有机会发表演讲，我深感荣幸。（honour）（汉译英）【答案】

Itisagreathonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthecommencementceremonyandhavetheopportunitytomakeaspeech.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子时态用一般现在时，“某人做某事

深感荣幸”是固定句型Itisagreathonorforsb.todo，“受邀做某事”是beinvitedtodo，“参加毕业典礼”是attendthecommencementceremony，“并有机

会发表演讲”是andhavetheopportunitytomakeaspeech，因此整句话翻译为“Itisagreathonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthecommencementceremonyand

havetheopportunitytomakeaspeech”。故答案为Itisagreathonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthecommencementceremonyandhavetheopportunitytomakeaspeech.53.虽然

我很喜欢这家餐厅的食物，但我不认同它处理原料时残忍的烹饪手法。（identify）（汉译英）【答案】AlthoughIlovethefoodatthisrestaurant,Idon’tidentifywiththebrutalco

okingwayithandlesitsingredients.【解析】【详解】考查状语从句，固定短语，时态，定语从句和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“虽然我很喜欢这家餐厅的食物”用although引导的让步状语从

句，“我很喜欢这家餐厅的食物”是Ilovethefoodatthisrestaurant，“认同”是固定短语identifywith，“处理原料时残忍的烹饪手法”是thebrutalcookingwayi

thandlesitsingredients，此处使用定语从句修饰way，因此整句话翻译为“AlthoughIlovethefoodatthisrestaurant,Idon’tidentifywiththebrutalcookingwayithandlesitsingredien

ts”。故答案为AlthoughIlovethefoodatthisrestaurant,Idon’tidentifywiththebrutalcookingwayithandlesitsingredients.