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赤峰二中2021级高一下学期第二次月考英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分:基础知识(共20小题,满分30分)第一节(共10小题,满分15分)在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或介词1.Thespeedofcarsandtrucks
is______(limit)to60kilometersperhourinthatcity.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】limited【解析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意:在那个城市,汽车和卡车的速度被限制在每小时60公里。根据常识可知,汽车和卡车的速度被限制在每小时60公里,句子用被动语态
,空格前有is,空格处用过去分词limited,belimitedto意为“被限于”,故填limited。2.Thenewprojectwillbe______(benefit)tothevillagers.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】b
eneficial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:这个新项目将会对村民们有益处。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。再结合句意“有益处的”是beneficial。故填beneficial。3.Thescientistwe
hadbeenlookingforwardto______(arrive)atlast.(所给词适当形式填空)【答案】arrived【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态。句意:我们一直盼望的那位科学家终于来了。分析句子可知,Thescien
tist在句中作主语,wehadbeenlookingforwardto是省略了关系代词的定语从句,修饰先行词Thescientist,所以空格处应填入谓语动词。根据句子的时态可知,该谓语动词应用一般过去时,故填arrived。4.Tommadean______(apologiz
e)toherfornotreplyingtoherletterintime.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】apology【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:汤姆因没及时给她回信而向她道歉。根据句意可知,此处使
用名词apology,作made的宾语,由an可知,应用名词的单数形式,固定短语makeanapologytosb.意为“向某人道歉”。故填apology。5.______(dress)inalongwoolcoat,hedidn’tfeelcoldanymore.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Dressed【解析】的【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意:穿着一件长羊毛大衣,他不再觉得冷了。分析句子可知,空格处应填入非谓语动词作原因状语。dress用作及物动词时,意为“给……穿衣服”,常用bedressedin表示“穿着……”,该句中作状语时直
接用过去分词。故填Dressed。6.Beforebuildingahouse,youhavetoaskforthegovernment’s______(permit).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】permission【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意
:在建造房子之前,你必须得到政府的许可。government’s后用名词,根据句意可知,此处表示“许可”,其名词是permission,是不可数名词,故填permission。7.Thephotosre
mindedme______thegoodolddays.(用适当的词填空)【答案】of【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意:这些照片使我想起了过去的美好时光。分析句子可知,空格处应填入介词of,reminds
b.ofsth.是固定短语,意为“使某人想起……,提醒某人……”。故填of。8.MissGaocouldn’tcarrytheheavyboxbecauseshewasawomanwithoutgreat______(strong).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】stren
gth【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:高小姐搬不动这个重箱子,因为她是一个没有力气的女人。此处作介词without的宾语,应用名词strength,此处意为“力气”,不可数名词。故填strength。9.Thecompanyisdeep______deb
tsoyou’dbetteravoiddealingwithit.(用适当的词填空)【答案】in【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意:这家公司债台高筑,所以你最好避免与之打交道。分析句子可知,空格处应填入介词in,indebt是固
定短语,意为“负债”,在句中作表语。故填in。10.Manyshopownersdon’tpermit______(park)carsinfrontoftheirshops.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】parking【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动
词。句意:许多店主不允许在店门口停车。固定搭配permitdoingsth.“允许做某事”,应用动名词,作宾语。故填parking。第二节(共10小题,满分15分)语法专项在空白处填入恰当的单词11.—Willyoure
admeastory,Mum?—Ok.You______haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.(用适当的词填空)【答案】shall【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意:
——妈妈,你能给我读个故事吗?——好的。如果你尽快上床睡觉,你就会听到一个故事。shall用于第二,第三人称时,表示命令,警告,允诺,威胁,法律规范。此处根据ifyougotobedassoonaspossible,可知,此处指的是允诺。故填shall。12.They_________h
avearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.(根据句意填空)【答案】should【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:他们本应该在午饭时间到达了的,但是航班延误了。分析句
子可知,从表转折的后句不难推断,正是因为航班延误,本该到达的他们实际上并没有到达,这里要用should+havedone表示“本应该做某事(而实际没做)”。故填should。13.Wordcame______hewaspunishedbytheking
,forhedidn’tkeephisword.(用适当的词填空)【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:消息传来,国王惩罚了他,因为他不遵守诺言。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是同位语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,且句子
意思完整,因此空格处用that引导同位语从句,故填that。14.—IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.—That’s________Id
on’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.(用适当的词填空)【答案】where【解析】【分析】【详解】考查表语从句。句意:——我喜欢星期天把自己关在屋子里,听一整天音乐。
——这就是我不认同你的地方。你应该过更积极的生活。空处引导表语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,应用where引导。故填where。15.______somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.(用适当的词填空)【答案】W
hat【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意:一些人认为是缺点的东西,在许多人看来却是优点。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,句子表示“一些人认为是缺点的东西,在许多人看来却是优点”,因此空格处用what引导主语从句,位于句首,首字母大写,故填What。16.Thego
ldmedalwillbeawardedto_______winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.(根据句意填空)【答案】whoever【解析】【分析】【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意:无
论谁在自行车比赛中获得第一名,金牌就授予谁。分析句子成分和句子结构可知,句中有两个谓语动词willbeawarded和wins,可见有两个简单句,所以设空处要填连词;设空句位于介词to后面,充当介词的宾语,所以是宾语从
句;分析宾语从句句子成分可知,从句缺少主语,所以要填连接代词;根据句意可知,设空处表达“无论谁”。故填whoever。【点睛】17.Parentsaretaughttounderstand______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfutur
e.(用适当的词填空)【答案】how【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:父母被教导要明白教育对孩子的未来是多么重要。分析句子结构可知,“importanteducationistotheirc
hildren’sfuture”作understand的宾语,是宾语从句,分析从句可知,从句结构完成,故应用连接副词修饰形容词important,应用how。故填how。18.Doyouhaveanyidea______isactuallygoingonintheclas
sroom?(用适当的词填空)【答案】what【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:你知道教室里到底发生了什么吗?分析句子可知,空格处应填入同位语从句引导词。由句意“发生了什么”可知,应用what引导,what在从句中作主语。故填what。19.______Mikedid
n’tturnupatthemeetingyesterdayisunknown.(用适当的词填空)【答案】Why【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意:迈克昨天为什么没来开会还不知道。分析句子结构可知,空格
处引导的是主语从句,由unknown可知,句子表示“迈克昨天为什么没来开会还不知道”,空格处意为“为什么”,应用why,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Why。20.Hissuggestionwasthatwe___
___(climb)allthewaytothetopofthehill.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】climb##shouldclimb【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他的建议是我们一路爬到山顶。分析句子结构可知,本句中that及其之后的内容为表
语从句,当suggestion表示建议时,其后的表语从句应该用虚拟语气,结构是:(should)+动词原形,其中should可以省略。故填climb或shouldclimb。第二部分阅读理解(共两节,20小题,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分
30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AConfuciusInstituteTheConfuciusInstituteattheUniversityof
MinnesotaoffersseveralshortclassesonChineselanguageandculture.★ClassFeesThecostofclassesis$225($170forChineseRehab)★ClassCalendarTheConfuciusInstit
utefollowstheUniversityofMinnesotasemesterschedule.TheConfuciusInstituteclassesstartafewweeksafterthestartoft
heUniversitysemesterandlastfortenclasssessions.ClassesarenotheldonUniversityholidays.Theupcomingclasssessionswillbe:Spring2018:February1-
April7Summer2018:June13-August25Tentativeclasscalendar:Theschedulemaychangeduetoteacheravailability.MONDAYTUESDAYWEDNESDAYTHURSDAYBeginn
ingI,SectionA6:00~7:30p.m.BeginningI,SectionB6:00~7:30p.m.BeginningII6:00~7:30p.m.IntermediateII6:00~7:00p.
m.ChineseRehab6:30~7:00p.m.IntermediateI6:00~7:30p.m.BeginningIII6:00~7:30p.m.IntermediateIII6:00~7:30p.m.★ClassCancellationsAnyclassnotme
etingminimumenrollmentbyfourbusinessdaysbeforetheclassstartdatewillbecancelledandyouwillbecontacted.Ifwemustcancelaclassduetoins
ufficientenrollmentoranyothercircumstancebeyondourcontrol,wewillofferafullrefundorissuecredittowardsanotherclass.★ContactInformati
onTheConfuciusInstituteislocatedwithintheUniversityInternationalCenterontheeastbankoftheTwinCitiescam
pus.TheUniversityInternationalCenterislocatedintheKeelerApartmentbuilding.Enteratthecornerof17thAvenueS.E.and4thStreetthroughthedoorslocatednearthe
“UniversityInternationalCenter”sign.OfficehoursTheofficeisgenerallyopenMondaythroughFriday,from8:00a.m.until4:30p.m.Theofficeiscloseddailyfrom1
2:.00noonuntil1:00p.m.andisclosedonallUniversityholidays.OfficeAddress160UniversityInternationalCenter,331-17thAve.S.E.,Minneapolis,MN55414Phone
:612625-5080Fax:612-625-5158Email:confucius@umn.edu21.ChineseRehab________________.A.costsmoremoneyB.isheldonMonday
C.lastsoneandahalfhoursD.hasfourclassesaweek22.Togetinformationabouttheclasses,youcanvisittheoffice___________.A.onMondaynoonB.at12:30a
.m.,TuesdayC.onWednesdayeveningD.at1:30p.m.,Friday23.WhatisTrueabouttheclasses?A.Theschedulemaybechangeable.B.Theycanbeone-to-oneinstru
ction.C.TheyareheldonUniversityholidays.D.TheystartatthebeginningoftheUniversitysemester.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【分析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了明尼苏达大学孔子学院开设了几门关于中国语言和文化短期课程的一些相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。由表格中MONDAY的“ChineseRehab6:30~7:00p.m.”可知,ChineseRehab在周一上。故B选项正确。【22题详解】细节
理解题。由Officehours“TheofficeisgenerallyopenMondaythroughFriday,from8:00a.m.until4:30p.m.Theofficeisclose
ddailyfrom12:.00noonuntil1:00p.m.andisclosedonallUniversityholidays.”可知,办公室一般在星期一到星期五营业,上午8:00到下午4:30。办公室每天从中午12:
00至下午1:00不营业,大学假期也不营业。所以你可以在星期五下午一点半去办公室询问有关课程的信息。故D选项正确。【23题详解】细节理解题。由“Theschedulemaychangeduetoteacheravailability.”可知,由于师资问题,时间表可能会有所改变。所以课程
表安排可能有所变化。故A选项正确。BJoseAlbertoGutierrez’slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninainthetrash(垃圾)20yearsago.Ithappenedw
hilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsandseeingbooksabandonedbytherich.Itignitedhisdesiretostartrescuingbo
oksfromthetrash.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibrary.InColombia’scapitalcityofBogota,librariestendtobefarawayfrompoorer
communities.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnon-existentforpoorfamiliesandhavingaccesstoalibraryofbooksisaluxury.Gutierrezgrewuppoo
r,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless,hismotherwasapassionatereader
andreadstoriestohimeverynight.HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutierrez,whoneverletalackofformaleducation
stophim.Today,hiscommunitylibrary,“TheStrengthofWords”,occupiesmostofhishomeandispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon-fictiontitles.Every
thingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofover20,000books!TheStrengthofWordslibraryisopeneveryweekend,
andchildreninGutierrez’sneighbourhoodareallowedtolookthroughthebookcollection.Adultsarealsowelcometoexpandtheirvisionanddevelopnewskillsfora
betterlife.Today,theGutierrezfamilydoesn’tmerelywanttostartlibrariesinneighbourhoods.Theywanttocreatemoresafespacesforscho
olchildrentospendtheirtimereading.ThisisimportantforkidslivinginBogotawheremanyyoungpeoplewastetimeinthestreets.Gutierrez’sj
ourneytogivetreasurebacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundusbyidentifyingneeds
,investingtimeandfindingasimplesolution.HowmightwetakealeafoutofGutierrez’sbook?24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignited”meaninparagraph1?A.Satisf
ied.B.Ignored.C.Excited.D.Expressed.25.WhatdoweknowaboutGutierrez’slibrary?A.Itaimstorecycleandreusethegarbage.B.Itissponsore
dbywealthiercommunities.C.Itisinthechargeofhispassionatemother.D.Itmakesknowledgeaccessibletopoorkids.26.Whatmessagedoesthelast
sentenceconvey?A.WeshouldvalueGutierrez’sspiritofpayingback.B.WecanfollowGutierrez’sexampletohelpothers.C.WeshouldgotovisitGutierrez’slibrarype
rsonally.D.WecandonatedesertedbookstoGutierrez’slibrary.27.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FromTrash
toTreasureB.TheBooksofGutierrezC.FromHometoCommunityD.TheStrengthofReading【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,讲述的是古铁雷斯通过从垃圾里收集旧书办成了图书馆,从而让许多贫穷家庭
的孩子们能够阅读的故事,从而引发读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思考。【24题详解】词义猜测题。A.Satisfied满足;B.Ignored忽略;C.Excited激发,引起;D.Expressed表达。根据第一段的最后一句“Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollecti
onintoacommunitylibrary.”(最终他利用自己收集到的书办成了一个社区图书馆。)可知,古铁雷斯收集了书,并且能够办成图书馆,由此推知前面“hisdesiretostartrescui
ngbooksfromthetrash”(他开始从垃圾堆里拯救图书的渴望)被激发了,即划线单词“ignited”是“激发,引起”的意思,C项符合题意。故选C项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Gutierrezgrewuppoor,a
ndhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.”(古铁雷斯出身贫穷,家里人负担不起他小学以后的教育费用。)可知,由此推测他所居住的街区比较贫困。又根据“
TheStrengthofWordslibraryisopeneveryweekend,andchildreninGutierrez’sneighbourhoodareallowedtolookthroughthebookcollection.”(文字的力量图书馆每周末开放,古铁雷斯的
所在街区的孩子们都能翻阅他的藏书。)可知,这些孩子生活在古铁雷斯的所在街区,也是贫穷的,这个图书馆让这些孩子们能够阅读,获取知识,所以D项符合题意。故选D项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Gutierre
z’sjourneytogivetreasurebacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundusbyi
dentifyingneeds,investingtimeandfindingasimplesolution.”(古铁雷斯将珍宝还给当地社区的案例令人惊叹,这说明我们每个人都可以通过确定需求、投入时间和找到简单的解决方法来改善周围人的生活。)可知
,古铁雷斯收集垃圾堆里的书并由此办成图书馆的事情帮助改善了周围人的生活,所以文章最后一句“HowmightwetakealeafoutofGutierrez’sbook?”(我们该如何模仿古特雷斯的做法上呢?)想要告诉我们,我们
可以仿照古铁雷斯的案例去帮助他人。故选B项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述的是古铁雷斯通过从垃圾里收集旧书办成了图书馆,从而让许多贫穷家庭的孩子们以及大人能够阅读的故事,从而引发读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思考。A项“Trash”指的是从垃
圾里捡回的书,“Treasure”意味着这些回收的书的价值,即再次利用书而造福穷人,让他们能够获取知识、拓宽视野,改善生活,所以“FromTrashtoTreasure”(变废为宝)最为适合作为本文的标题。故选A项。CAnewgeneeditingproceduremaypro
videdoctorswithapotentialcureforbothanxietyandalcoholusedisorders.Researcherssaythetreatmentactslikea“factoryr
eset”forthepatient’sbrain.Previousstudiesbythesameteamfoundthattoomuchdrinkingduringadolescencechangesaperson’sbrainchemistryintheregionoftheA
rcgene,bydecreasingArcexpressionintheamygdala(杏仁核)affectinghowpeopleprocessemotions.Whenthatoccurs,itmakessomeonemorelikelytosuffer
frommentalhealthissuesandusealcoholtoomuchduringadulthood.Thenewstudyfocusedonreprogrammingsuchchangestothebrainatage
neticlevel.“Itprovidesevidencethatgeneeditingisapotentialantidote(解毒剂)totheseeffects,offeringakindoffactor
yresetforthebrain,ifyouwill,”saysSubhashPandey,studyseniorauthor.Usingthegene-editingtoolCRISPR-dCas9,theteamcontroll
edtheacetylation(乙酰化)andmethylation(甲基化)processesintheArcgeneoflabrats.Thesetwoprocessesplaykeyrolesinwhetherageneismoreorlesslikelytobeactivat
edwithinthepersonoranimal.Tostart,researchersstudiedadultratsexposedtoalcoholwhenyounger.Theteammeasuredanxietylevelsusingbehavioralexamsandtrackedt
herats’addictiontoalcoholbygivingthemtwobottlestochoosefrom—onewithwaterandtheotheralcohol.WhenCRISPRpr
omotedacetylation,rats’Arcgeneexpressionnormalized.Thisalsodecreasedanxietyandloweredtheanimals’alco
holconsumption.Intheirnextexperiment,studyauthorsexaminedsomeratswithoutexposuretoalcoholwhenyounger.TheyfoundthatpromotingmethylationcausedAr
cexpressiontodecrease,leadingtoanincreaseinanxietyanddrinking.“Thisstudynotonlyhelpsusbetterunderstandwhath
appensinbraindevelopingwhenadolescentsareexposedtoalcoholbutmoreimportantly,givesushopethatonedaywewillhave
effectivetreatmentsforanxietyandalcoholusedisorder,”Pandeyreports.28.Whatdoes“that”refertoinparagraph2?A.Theconsumptionofalcoholinadulth
ood.B.Thedecreaseofchemistryintheamygdala.C.Thecontrolofemotionsinone’sadolescence.D.Thechangeofbrainchem
istryinArcgeneregion.29.Howdoesthenewstudygettheresults?A.Byusingchemicaltools.B.Byanalyzingbrainstructures.C.Byreferringtopreviou
sstudies.D.Bydoingexperimentsonanimals.30.AccordingtoSubhashPandey,_______.A.AcetylationmayrelievealcoholusedisorderB.Genee
ditinghasawideuseinbraindevelopmentC.GeneeditingcansavepatientsfromchemicalpoisonsD.Methylationmaycontribute
tothemanagementofemotions31.Whatmaybethepurposeoftheresearch?A.Torecommendafactoryreset.B.Tohelptreatphysicalproblems.C.Toseekwaystoimprovemental
health.D.Topersuadeadolescentsnottodrink.【答案】28.D29.D30.A31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的基因编辑程序可能为医生提供一种治疗焦虑和酒精使用障碍的潜在方法。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前句“Prev
iousstudiesbythesameteamfoundthattoomuchdrinkingduringadolescencechangesaperson’sbrainchemistryintheregionoftheArcge
ne,bydecreasingArcexpressionintheamygdala(杏仁核)affectinghowpeopleprocessemotions.(该研究小组此前的研究发现,青少年时期过量饮酒会改变一个人大脑中Ar
c基因区域的化学物质,减少杏仁核中的Arc表达,从而影响人们处理情绪的方式。)”可知,当Arc基因区脑部发生化学变化时,人们更有可能遭受心理健康问题,并在成年期间过度饮酒。所以that指代是上文中的“Arc基因区脑
部发生化学变化”。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Tostart,researchersstudiedadultratsexposedtoalcoholwhenyounger.Theteammeasuredanxietylevelsusingbe
havioralexamsandtrackedtherats’addictiontoalcoholbygivingthemtwobottlestochoosefrom—onewithwaterandtheotheralcohol
.WhenCRISPRpromotedacetylation,rats’Arcgeneexpressionnormalized.Thisalsodecreasedanxietyandloweredtheani
mals’alcoholconsumption.Intheirnextexperiment,studyauthorsexaminedsomeratswithoutexposuretoalcoholwhenyounger.Theyfound
thatpromotingmethylationcausedArcexpressiontodecrease,leadingtoanincreaseinanxietyanddrinking.(首先,研究人员研究了成年老鼠在
年轻时接触酒精的情况。研究小组通过行为测试来测量老鼠的焦虑水平,并通过给老鼠两瓶酒来跟踪它们的酒精上瘾情况——一瓶是水,另一瓶是酒精。当CRISPR促进乙酰化时,大鼠Arc基因表达正常化。这也减少了焦虑,降低了动物的酒精消费量。在他们的下一个实验中,研究作者检
查了一些年轻时没有接触酒精的老鼠。他们发现,促进甲基化会导致Arc表达减少,导致焦虑和饮酒增加。)”可推断,这项新研究是通过在动物身上做实验得出结果的。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“'Itprovidesevi
dencethatgeneeditingisapotentialantidote(解毒剂)totheseeffects,offeringakindoffactoryresetforthebrain,ifyouwill,'saysSubhashPandey,s
tudyseniorauthor.(该研究的资深作者SubhashPandey说:“它提供了证据,表明基因编辑是这些影响的潜在解药,可以这么说,它为大脑提供了一种工厂重置。”)”和第四段“WhenCRISPRpromotedacetylation,rats'Arcgeneexpression
normalized.Thisalsodecreasedanxietyandloweredtheanimals'alcoholconsumption.(当CRISPR促进乙酰化时,大鼠Arc基因表达正常化。这也减少了焦虑,降低了动物的酒精消费量。)”可知,根据Sub
hashPandey,乙酰化可缓解酒精使用障碍。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Thisstudynotonlyhelpsusbetterunderstandwhathappensinbraindevelopingw
henadolescentsareexposedtoalcoholbutmoreimportantly,givesushopethatonedaywewillhaveeffectivetreatmentsforanxietyandalc
oholusedisorder,”Pandeyreports.(Pandey报告说:“这项研究不仅帮助我们更好地了解青少年接触酒精时大脑发育的情况,更重要的是,它给了我们希望,有一天我们会有有效的治疗焦虑
和酒精使用障碍的方法。”)”可推断,这项研究的目的可能是寻求改善心理健康的方法。故选C。DAsof2020,theworld'sbiggestlithium-ion(锂离子)batteryishookeduptotheSouthernCaliforniapowergridandcanpr
ovide250millionwattsofpower,orenoughtopowerabout250,000homes.Butit'sactuallynotthebiggestbatteryintheworld:theselakesare.Wait-howcanapai
roflakesbeabattery?Toanswerthatquestion,ithelpstodefineabattery:it'ssimplysomethingthatstoresenergyandreleasesitondemand.Thelithium-ionbatt
eriesthatpowerourphones,laptops,andcarsarejustonetype.Theystoreenergyinlithiumions.Howdothetwolakesstoreandreleaseenergy?First,oneis300metersh
igherthantheother.Electricitypowerpumpsthatmovebillionsoflitersofwaterfromthelowerlaketothehigherone.Thisstorestheenerg
ybygivingthewaterextragravitationalpotentialenergy.Then,whenthere'shighdemandforelectricity,valves(阀门)open,rele
asingthestoredenergybylettingwaterflowdownhilltopower6giantturbinesthatcangenerate3billionwattsofpowerfor10hours.Unfor
tunately,neitherofthegiantbatterieswe'vetalkedaboutsofarisbigenoughtopowermultiplecities.Thetwolakes
setuprequiresspecificgeography,takesupalotofland,andhashighupfrontcoststobuild.Thegiantlithium-ionbatteryinC
aliforniacanpowerabout250,000homes,yes,butonlyforanhour.Lithium-ionbatteriesalsorequirecertainheavymetalstomake.Theseresourcesarelim
ited,andminingthemcausesenvironmentaldamage.Inventorsallovertheworldarerisingtothechallengeofmakingbatteriesthatcanmeetourneeds
-manyofthemevenweirderthanthetwolakes.32.Whyistheworld'sbiggestlithium-ionbatterymentionedinParagraph1
?A.Tomakeacomparison.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tostressitsimportance.D.Todeclareafact.33.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Withthehelpof
thepumps,thetwolakesstoreenergy.B.Thewaterflowbyitselftoreleasethestoredenergy.C.Thetwolakessetupisab
letopowermultiplecities.D.Lithium-ionbatteriesareenvironmentallyfriendly.34.Whatwillmostprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Inv
entors'worries.B.Inventors'efforts.C.Strangerbatteries.D.Newchallenges.35.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.BatteryInventorsFaceNewChallenges.B.Th
eWorld'sBiggestBatteryLooksNothingLikeaBatteryC.GiantBatteriesFailtoMeetOurNeeds.D.Newly-inventedBatteries.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】这是
一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最大的电池——湖泊构成的电池,并介绍了一些原理,提出一些要解决的问题。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Butit'sactuallynotthebiggestbatteryintheworld:the
selakesare.(但是这实际上并不是世界上最大的电池:这些湖泊才是)”以及第二段第一句“Wait-howcanapairoflakesbeabattery?(等等——一对湖泊怎么能是一个电池呢)”可知,第一段提到最大的锂电池
的目的是为了引出下文要介绍的话题。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Howdothetwolakesstoreandreleaseenergy?First,oneis300metershigherthantheother.Electricitypow
erpumpsthatmovebillionsoflitersofwaterfromthelowerlaketothehigherone.Thisstorestheenergybygivingthewaterextragravitationalpotentialenergy.(这两个湖泊怎
么储存和释放电力呢?首先,其中一个湖泊比另外一个高300米。电力泵装置将数十亿升的水从下游湖泊抽到上游湖泊。这个装置通过给水额外的重力位能量来储存能量)”可知,在电力泵的帮助下,湖泊储存能量。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Invento
rsallovertheworldarerisingtothechallengeofmakingbatteriesthatcanmeetourneeds-manyofthemevenweirderthanth
etwolakes.(全世界各地的发明家们正在迎接挑战,制造能够满足我们需求的电池——其中很多电池比两个湖构成的电池更奇怪)”可知,接下来要介绍一些更奇怪的电池。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Butit'sact
uallynotthebiggestbatteryintheworld:theselakesare.(但是这实际上并不是世界上最大的电池:这些湖泊才是)”以及第二段句首“Wait-howcanapairoflakesb
eabattery?(等等——一对湖泊怎么能是一个电池呢?)”和第三段句首“Howdothetwolakesstoreandreleaseenergy?(这两个湖泊是怎么储存和释放电能的)”可知,本文主要讲述世界上最大的、看起来一点也
不像电池的湖泊电池。故选B。第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheNorthStar,alsoknownas
Polaris,isoftenusedbycamperstohelpthemfindtheirwaywhenlost.YoumayalsojustwanttofindtheNorthStarforfuni
fyou’reintostargazing.____36____Asmostconstellationsareinthenorthernsky,you’llneedtofigureoutwhichdirectionisnorthfirst.Ifyoudon
othaveacompass,youcanrelyonsignsfromnaturetofigureoutwhetherornotyou’refacingnorth.____37____Locatet
heNorthStarwithyoursmartphone.Therearemanysmartphoneapplicationsthatworksomethinglikeatelescope.Youallowthephonetofindyourlocation,andthenpointyour
phonetothesky.Thephoneactsasinteractivemap,identifyingstarsandconstellationsforyou.____38____Investinastaratl
as.____39____Iftheideaofcarryingyourphonearoundwhilestargazingkillsthefunforyou,considerbuyingastaratlasinstead.Youshouldalsoalwa
ystakeanatlaswithyouwhenhikingintheeventyourphonebatterdies.Astaratlasisabookthatbreaksdownthenightskybytheregionand
timeofyear.YoucanusethegraphicsandchartsprovidedinastaratlastolocatetheNorthStaronanygivennight.____40____Youcanusedesk
topapplicationsforyourcomputertoknowhowtheskywilllookonagivennight.Thesedevicescanhelpyouplanahead.You’llgooutsidewitharoughideaofwhereyoucan
expecttofindtheNorthStar.A.Planaheadwithyourcomputer.B.Herearesomeotherwaystohelpyou.CFindingtheDirectionNorthwithtwosticks.D.St
aratlaseshavebeenaroundforalongtime.E.ThiscanpreventyoufromlocatingtheNorthStar.F.Youcanrelyonconstellationsinthenight
skytofindtheNorthStar.G.Someapplicationscanalsoenhancevisualstoseestarsmoreeasily..【答案】36.F37.B38.G39.D40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇
说明文。本文主要介绍了找到北极星的一些方法。【36题详解】空格前说“TheNorthStar,alsoknownasPolaris,isoftenusedbycamperstohelpthemfindtheirwaywhenlost.YoumayalsojustwanttofindtheNo
rthStarforfunifyou’reintostargazing.(北极星,也被称为Polaris,经常被露营者用来帮助他们在迷路时找到路。如果你喜欢看星的话,你可能想寻找北极星。)”,空格后说“Asmos
tconstellationsareinthenorthernsky,you’llneedtofigureoutwhichdirectionisnorthfirst.(由于大多数星座都在北方,你需要先弄清楚哪个方向是北。)”,因此空格处应提到可以利用星座来找北极星,F选项“Youcanrel
yonconstellationsinthenightskytofindtheNorthStar.(你可以依靠夜空中的星座找到北极星。)”说明了你可以依靠星座来找北极星,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选F。【37题详解】空格前说“Ifyoudonoth
aveacompass,youcanrelyonsignsfromnaturetofigureoutwhetherornotyou’refacingnorth.(如果你没有指南针,你可以依靠自然的信号来判断你是否正对着北方。)”,由空格后的“Loca
tetheNorthStarwithyoursmartphone.(用你的智能手机定位北极星。)”和“Investinastaratlas.(投资一个星图。)”可知,空格后讲的是找北极星的其他方法,B选项“Herearesomeotherwaystohelpyou.(这里有一些其他的方法
可以帮助你。)”引起后文的其他方法,因此B选项承上启下,符合语境,故选B。【38题详解】根据上文“Therearemanysmartphoneapplicationsthatworksomethinglikeatelescope
.Youallowthephonetofindyourlocation,andthenpointyourphonetothesky.Thephoneactsasinteractivemap,identifyingstarsandconstellationsfo
ryou.(有许多智能手机应用程序的工作原理类似于望远镜。你允许手机找到你的位置,然后把你的手机指向天空。手机就像交互式地图,为你识别星星和星座。)”可知,利用智能手机可以定位星星和星座,因此G选项“Someapplicati
onscanalsoenhancevisualstoseestarsmoreeasily.(一些应用程序还可以增强视觉效果,以便更容易地看到星星。)”切题,该选项进一步阐述了智能手机上的应用程序可以更容易地看到星星,且该选项中的“stars”与上一句中“stars”相呼应。故选G。【39题详解】
空前说“Investinastaratlas.(投资一个星图。)”,空格处应继续介绍星图,D选项“Staratlaseshavebeenaroundforalongtime.(星图已经存在很长一段时间了。)”讲
的是星图,承接上文,符合语境,故选D。【40题详解】通读最后一段,尤其是根据空后的“Youcanusedesktopapplicationsforyourcomputertoknowhowtheskywilllookonagivennight.(您可以在计算机上使用桌面应用程序来了解某个夜晚
的天空是什么样子的。)”可知,本段主要阐述利用电脑上使用桌面应用程序来了解夜晚的天空,因此,应该提前备好电脑,推知A选项“Planaheadwithyourcomputer.(提前计划好你的电脑)”切题,且该选项中的“computer”与下文中的“computer”相呼应。
故选A。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完型填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。TheMalaysianstateofSabahontheislandofBorneoisa____41____fortree-climbers.Itishometosomeoftheworld’stallesttropi
caltrees.Ithasalsoprovedtobethetreasureforscientistastheyhavealready____42____lotsoftoweringyellowmerantitrees(akindoftre
e),findingatreewitharecord____43____eachyear.Justrecently,scientists____44____agoldenfind-theworld’stallesttropica
ltreetodate.Itwasfound,____45____ontheislandofBorneo,inagroveofyellowmerantitrees.Themethodthatscientistsusedto____46____thistreetoproveitsheightwas
surprisingly____47____.In2018,scientistsusedlaserimageryfromairplaneto____48____theclusterofhugetrees,bycr
eating3-Dimagesoftheforestcanopyandspottinganyextremelytallgrowth.Subsequently,drones(遥控飞机)wereflownoverthesiteoftheyellowmerantitreestodouble_
___49____thepresenceoftheprobablytallesttree.However,afterfindingthetree,theygo____50____!Bringingjustatapem
easure(卷尺)andclimbingequipment,an____51____climberissentuptotheverytopofthe100-metertreetoaccurately____52_
___theheightofthetree,nicknamed“Menara”whichisMalayfor“tower”.ThisMalaysianclimberUndingJami____53____oneoftheworld’sta
lleststandingtreesonJanuary6,2019.Slowly,but____54____,UndingJamiandhisfellowclimbers____55____thehighestpointofthetreeandassuredthetreetobeabout10
0.8meters!Inaninterview,Jamitalkedabouthis____56____tothetopofthetree.Whenaskedabouthowhefeltatthe____57____,J
imreplied,“Iwasscaredbuthonestlythe____58____fromthetopwasunbelievable.Idon’tknowwhattosayotherthanitwasvery,very,veryamaz
ing!Afterwehadmeasuredit,Icouldn’t____59____forthewholenight.”Let’shopewewillcontinuetopreservethe____60____ofthisworldforaslongaswe
can.41.A.shelterB.hellC.paradiseD.nightmare42.A.researchedB.designedC.plantedD.discovered43.A.widthB.he
ightC.lengthD.depth44.A.cameacrossB.ledtoC.setasideD.leftout45.A.unsurprisinglyB.unhappilyC.unbelievablyD.unfortunately46.A.re
moveB.transportC.measureD.surround47.A.modernB.unusualC.effectiveD.strange48.A.cleanB.cutC.plantD.spot49.A.assessB.arrangeC.checkD.ident
ity50.A.traditionalB.crazyC.ridiculousD.awkward51.A.educatedB.experiencedC.admiredD.approved52.A.drawB.preventC.putD.prove53.A.decoratedB.climbed
C.trimmedD.protected54.A.easilyB.fearfullyC.surelyD.clumsily55.A.reachedB.observedC.calculatedD.judged56.A.arrivalB.approachC.flightD
.journey57.A.topB.distanceC.middleD.bottom58.A.sunshineB.airC.windD.view59.A.workB.sleepC.lieD.eat60.A.habitatsB.heritagesC.wondersD.reso
urces【答案】41.C42.D43.B44.A45.A46.C47.B48.D49.C50.A51.B52.D53.B54.C55.A56.D57.A58.D59.B60.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说
明文。文章介绍了位于婆罗洲岛上的马来西亚沙巴州上发现了世界上最高的热带树木,并且介绍了爬树者UndingJami的爬树的过程。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:位于婆罗洲岛上的马来西亚沙巴州是爬树者的天堂。
A.shelter避难所;B.hell地狱;C.paradise天堂;D.nightmare噩梦。根据下文“Itishometosomeoftheworld’stallesttropicaltrees.”可知,这里有世界上最高
的热带树木,所以那里是攀爬树木者的天堂。故选C。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:它是一些世界上最高的热带树木的家园。它也被证明是科学家的宝藏,因为他们已经发现了很多高耸的莫兰蒂黄树(一种树),每年都发现一棵创纪录高度的
树。A.research研究;B.design设计;C.plant种植;D.discover发现。根据下文“findingatreewitharecord____3____eachyear.”可知,此处指发现了很多高耸的莫兰蒂黄树。故选D。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.wid
th宽度;B.height高度;C.length长度;D.depth深度。根据下文“scientists____4____agoldenfind-theworld’stallesttropicaltreeto
date.”可知,发现的树是最高的热带树,每年都会发现一棵创纪录高度的树。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:就在最近,科学家们偶然发现了一棵黄金树——迄今为止世界上最高的热带树木。A.comeacross遇到;B.l
eadto引导;C.setaside存留;D.leaveout离开。根据上文“findingatreewitharecord____3____eachyear.”可知,此处指偶然发现了一棵黄金树。故选A。【45题详解】考查副词词义辩词。句意:这个发现的地点一点儿不令人吃惊,还是在婆罗岛上发现的
。A.unsurprisingly不令人吃惊地;B.unhappily不开心地;C.unbelievably难以置信地;D.unfortunately不幸地。根据上文“findingatreewitharecord__
__3____eachyear.”可知,每年都会在岛上发现一棵树的高度创纪录,所这棵树还是被发现在该岛上,这是不令人吃惊地。故选A。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:科学家们用来测量这棵树以证明其高度的方法出人意料地不同寻常。A.remove移除;B.t
ransport运输;C.measure测量;D.surround环绕。根据下文“In2018,scientistsusedlaserimageryfromairplaneto____8____thecluster
ofhugetrees,bycreating3-Dimagesoftheforestcanopyandspottinganyextremelytallgrowth.Subsequently,drones(遥控飞机)wereflownoverthesit
eoftheyellowmerantitreestodouble____9____thepresenceoftheprobablytallesttree.”可知,此处指测量树木高度与众不同的方法。故选C。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.modern当代的
;B.unusual不同寻常的;C.effective高效的;D.strange奇怪的。根据下文的“In2018,scientistsusedlaserimageryfromairplaneto____8_
___theclusterofhugetrees,bycreating3-Dimagesoftheforestcanopyandspottinganyextremelytallgrowth.Subsequently,drones(遥控飞机)wereflownover
thesiteoftheyellowmerantitreestodouble____9____thepresenceoftheprobablytallesttree.”可知,科学家们使用了当前的高科技手段
来测量树木的高度,与传统的手段是不同的,因此当前的测量树木高度的手段是不同寻常的。故选B。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:2018年,科学家们利用飞机上的激光图像,通过创建森林树冠的三维图像,并发现任何
极高的生长物,来发现这棵巨大的树木。A.clean清扫;B.cut砍;C.plant种植;D.spot发现。根据句中的“theclusterofhugetrees”可知,是利用创建森林树冠三维图像发现了巨大的树木。故选D
。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:随后,无人机在黄色莫兰蒂树的位置上空飞行,再次检查是否有可能是最高的树。A.assess评估;B.arrange安排;C.check检查;D.identity识别。根据下文的“thepresenceoftheprobablytallest
tree.”可知,此处指再一次检查这棵最高的树的高度。故选C。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,在发现这个棵树之后,他们又进行了传统的操作!A.traditional传统的;B.crazy疯狂的;C.ridiculous荒谬的;D
.awkward尴尬的。根据下文中“Bringingjustatapemeasure(卷尺)andclimbingequipment.”可知,此处指对这棵最高的树又进行了传统操作。故选A。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:只需带着卷尺和攀爬设备,一名经验丰富的登
山者就会被送到这棵100米高的树的最顶端,以准确地证明这棵树的高度,它被昵称为“梅纳拉”,在马来语中是“塔”的意思。A.educated被教育的;B.experienced经验丰富的;C.admired被钦佩的;D.approve
d被证明的。根据下文“accurately____12____theheightofthetree”可知,这个climber是经验丰富的爬树者,用传统的工具就足以测出树的高度。故选B。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.draw画;B.prevent阻止
;C.put放;D.prove证明。根据下文“assuredthetreetobeabout100.8meters”可知,设空处与assure是对应的,这样做的目的是准确地证明这棵树的高度。故选D。【
53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这名马来西亚人UndingJami在2019年1月6日爬上了世界最高的树之一。A.decorate装修;B.climb爬;C.trim修剪;D.protect保护。根据空后的“oneoftheworld’stalleststandingtrees”可知
是UndingJami爬的树。故选B。【54题详解】考查副词词义辩词。句意:缓慢而坚定地,UndingJami和他的同伴们到达了这棵树的最高点,并确定这棵树大约有100.8米!A.easily简单地;B.fearfully害怕地;C.surely的确地;D.clumsily笨拙地。根据后文的“_
___15____thehighestpointofthetree”可知,UndingJami和他的伙伴们的确地到达了最高点。故选C。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.reach到达;B.observe观察;C.calculate计算;D.judge判断。根据
“thehighestpointofthetree”可知,他们到达了树的最高点。故选A。【56题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在一次采访中,杰米谈到了他爬到树顶的旅程。A.arrival到达;B.approach途径;C.flight航班
;D.journey旅程。根据下文“Whenaskedabouthowhefeltatthe____17____,Jimreplied,Iwasscaredbuthonestlythe__18__fromthetopwasunbelieva
ble.”可知,此处杰米描述了自己爬树过程中的感受,因此他将此过程称之为“旅程”。故选D。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当被问及在树顶感觉时,杰米回答说:“我很害怕,但说实话,从树顶看到的景象令人难以置信。我不知道该说什么,除了它非常,非常,非常棒!测量
完之后,我整晚都睡不着觉。”A.top顶端;B.distance距离;C.middle中间;D.bottom底部。根据上文的“thetopofthetree”可知,此处是树的顶端。故选A。【58题详解】考
查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.sunshine眼光;B.air空气;C.wind风;D.view景象。根据空后的“fromthetopwasunbelievable”以及“itwasvery,very,veryamazing!”可知,从树顶看到的景
象令人难以置信。故选D。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.work工作;B.sleep入睡;C.lie躺着;D.eat吃。根据空后的“forthewholenight”可知,杰米兴奋的不能入睡。故选B。【60题详解】考查名
词词义辨析。句意:让我们希望我们能继续保护这个世界上的奇观,只要我们可以。A.habitat栖息地;B.heritage遗产;C.wonder奇观;D.resource资源。根据上文“itwasvery,very,veryama
zing!”以及“continuetopreserve”可知,杰米在树顶上看到的景象是不可思议的,呼吁我们应该尽可能的去保护所看到的景象。作者认为这种景象是一种难能可见的奇观。故选C。第二节(共10小题,每题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空
白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Acupofcoffeeinthemorningimproveslong-termmemory.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalNatureNeuroscience,___61___(find)thatpa
rticipantswho___62___(give)caffeinepillshadbettermemoryrecall.Scientistsstudied160participants___63___(age)18to30,andshowedthem___64___(vari
ety)photosofitemsatthebeginning.Halfoftheparticipantsweregivenacaffeinepillafterthatclassification,theotherha
lfaplacebo.Onedaylater,alltheparticipantswereshown___65___samepictures,aswellassometheyhadn’tseenbefore.Theywereasked___66___eachphoto
wasnew,oldorsimilartotheoriginals.Althoughbothgroupswereabletodistinguishbetweenold___67___newpictures,theresearchersdiscoveredthattheparti
cipantswhotookthecaffeinepillswere___68___(good)atdeterminingwhichpicturesweresimilartothefirstround.Theresea
rchersremainuncertainabouthowcaffeinemayinfluencememory,buttheyspeculatethatitcouldinterferewithhormonesrelated___69___memory
making.Thestudyneeds___70___(test)beforeanysolidconclusionscanbemade,butit’snotthefirsttofindbenefitsincaffeine
intake.的【答案】61.found62.weregiven##hadbeengiven63.aged64.various65.the66.whether67.and68.better69.to70.testing##tobetested##tests【解析】【导语】本文是一篇
说明文,主要讲的是早上喝一杯咖啡可以提高长期记忆力。【61题详解】考查时态。句意:这项发表在《自然神经科学》杂志上的研究发现,服用咖啡因药片的参与者记忆力更好。句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式
found,故填found。【62题详解】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:这项发表在《自然神经科学》杂志上的研究发现,服用咖啡因药片的参与者记忆力更好。研究的参与者是被给予药片,句子用被动语态,句子可用一般过去时表示过去的事情,也可用过去完成时表示“found”之前的动作,因此空格处
是一般过去时的被动语态或过去完成时的被动语态,who指代的是先行词participants,是复数,因此空格处是weregiven/hadbeengiven。故填weregiven/hadbeengiven。
【63题详解】考查形容词。句意:科学家们研究了160名18至30岁的参与者,并在实验开始时向他们展示了各种物品的照片。分析句子可知,提示词在句中作后置定语,表示“18至30岁的……”,用形容词aged作后置定语,其意为“……岁的”,故填aged。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意:科学家们研究了
160名18至30岁的参与者,并在实验开始时向他们展示了各种物品的照片。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词photos,variety的形容词是various,意为“各种各样的”,故填various。【65题详解】考查定冠词。句意:一天后,研究人员向所有参与者展示了同样的照片,还有一些他们以前从
未见过的照片。“thesame+名词”是固定用法,意为“同样的……”,故填the。【66题详解】考查宾语从句。句意:他们被问及每张照片是新、旧还是与原件相似。分析句子可知,空格后是宾语从句,结合句意和连词or可知,句中使用了whether...or...引导宾语从句
,意为“是……还是……”,故填whether。【67题详解】考查连词。句意:尽管两组人都能区分新旧图片,但研究人员发现,服用咖啡因药片的参与者更善于判断哪些图片与第一轮相似。between...and...是固定搭配,意为“……和……之间”,因此
空格处是and,故填and。【68题详解】考查比较级。句意:尽管两组人都能区分新旧图片,但研究人员发现,服用咖啡因药片的参与者更善于判断哪些图片与第一轮相似。根据语境可知,句子表示“服用咖啡因药片的参
与者比未服用的参与者更善于判断哪些图片与第一轮相似”,用比较级含义,空格处用比较级better,故填better。【69题详解】考查固定短语和介词。句意:研究人员仍然不确定咖啡因是如何影响记忆的,但他们推测它可能会干扰与记忆形成相关的激素。berelatedto是固定
短语,意为“和……有关”,故填to。【70题详解】考查动名词、不定式和名词。句意:这项研究需要测试才能得出任何可靠的结论,但它并不是第一个发现咖啡因摄入有益的研究。need作“需要”讲,可跟动名词testing作宾语,
主动表被动;作普通实义动词用,跟不定式作宾语,结合句意应用被动式tobetested;作普通实义动词也可跟名词test,结合句意用复数形式tests,故填testing/tobetested/tests。第Ⅱ卷第四部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分
)71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改同桌写的作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:把缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:
把多余的词用斜线(╲)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Oneday,ourfamilydrivetwentymilestoabea
chwithmydog,Prince,whichstomachseemstobealwayscryingoutforfood,tohaveapicnic.Soonafterarriving,Isaid,“L
et’stoeatthesandwiches.Princeandmearehungry.”“Notrightnow.Swimfirst.”myparentssaid.Theyplacedthepicnicbasketin
theshore,withatowelcoveringthefood.Wehadmuchfunsinthecoolwater.Butashortwhilelate,screamscamefrommymom.Rushin
goutthewater,IsawPrincelickinghislips.Ibetwhetherhewasn’thungryanymore.Andeveryoneelsewas.【答案】1.drive→drove2.which→
whose3.toeat→去掉to4.me→I5.in→on6.funs→fun7.late→later8.out后加of9.whether→that或删掉10And→But【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者一家去野餐,结果食物被狗吃掉了,大家都饿着的故
事。【详解】1.考查时态。句意:一天,我们全家带着我的狗普林斯驱车二十英里到海滩去野餐,普林斯的肚子似乎总是在喊着要吃的。根据oneday及后文一直用一般过去时,此处应该也用一般过去时。故将drive改为drove。2.考查定语从句关系代词。句意:一天,
我们全家带着我的狗普林斯驱车二十英里到海滩去野餐,普林斯的肚子似乎总是在喊着要吃的。分析句子结构可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是mydog,与后面的名词stomach是所属关系,表示“……的”,应该用whose来引导。故将which改为whose。3.考查动词。句意:我们
去吃三明治吧。分析句子结构可知,let是使役动词,后面应该跟动词原形,表示“让某人做某事”。故将to删掉。4.考查人称代词。句意:Prince和我都饿了。分析句子结构可知,and前后表示并列,且都是做主语,应该用主格形式。故将me改为I。5.考查介词。句意:他们把野餐篮放在岸边
,用毛巾盖住食物。ontheshore是固定搭配,表示“在岸边”。故将in改为on。6.考查名词。句意:我们在水里玩得很开心。fun是不可数名词,没有复数形式,不能加s。故将funs改为fun。7.考查副词。句意:但不久之后,我妈妈发出了尖叫声。分析句意,此处要表达“一会之后”
,应该用later,late表示迟的。故将late改为later。.8.考查短语搭配。句意:我冲出水面,我看到Prince在舔嘴唇。outof是固定搭配,表示“……外面”。故在out后面加of。9.考查宾语从句。句意:我
打赌他已经不饿了。分析句子结构可知,此处是宾语从句,再结合上文句意,Prince吃了东西,应该是不饿了,whether不符合句意。句意完整,成分完整,应该用that或删掉whether。故将whether改为that或
删掉whether。10.考查连词。句意:但其他人都饿了。结合上文句意,Prince把食物吃掉了,所以其他人应该是要被饿着,与前一句是转折关系。故将And改为But。第二节书面表达(满分25分)72.上周,你和同学参加(或观看)了校园
篮球比赛。请你为学校英语角写一篇短文,介绍这次活动,内容包括:1.活动目的、意义;2.比赛过程;3.个人感受。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。_______________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________【答案】观看者视角:Aimingtobuildupourbodyandenrichourafter-classlife,abasketballmat
chwasscheduledamongtheclasseslastweek.Iwatchedthisexcitingandnervousmatchwithmyfriends.Asthematchbegan,alltheplayerswereshowingfantasticbasketball
skills.Thebasketballcourtwasshortlycoveredbythenervousandthrillingatmosphere,whichmadeussometimesholdourbreathtothei
rattacksandsometimesscreamtotheirwonderfulshots.Alltheplayersweretryingtheirbestduringthematch.Itwastheirpassionandspor
tsspiritthatwontheirapplaud.Ifyouareasportyindividual,playingbasketballisoneofthemostexcitingactivitiesthatyouwillbeencounteringinyourlifebecau
seitallowsapersontobecomephysicallyfitandincreaseyourstrength,anddevelopsyourteamworkspirit.(134words)参加者视角:Abasketballmatchamongtheclasseswassche
duledbytheStudentUnionlastweek.Iparticipatedinthisexcitingmatchwithmyclassmates.Asthematchbegan,Iwasaskedtoplayinthefirsthalf.Ifeltsonervou
sthatIwasafraidIcouldnotcooperatewithmyteamwell.Whenthematchofficiallykickedoff,Iwatchedthebasketballandmovedastheballflied,Iforgotmy
job—Iwasaskedtocovertheteamleader.Soon,Irecognizedmymistakeandchangedmymove.Intheend,Isuccessfullycoveredourcapt
ainandourteamwonthegame.WhatIlearnedfromthismatchisthatteamworkcomesfirst.Thebenefitoftheteamisalwaysmo
reimportantthanthatofanindividual.(129words)【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生为学校英语角写一篇短文,介绍上周进行的校园篮球比赛。内容包括:1.活动目的、意义;2.比赛过程;3.个人
感受。【详解】1.词汇积累出色的:fantastic→excellent比赛:match→competition激动人心的:thrilling→exciting健康:fit→healthy2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:Aiming
tobuildupourbodyandenrichourafter-classlife,abasketballmatchwasscheduledamongtheclasseslastweek.拓展句:Abasketballmatch,whoseaimwa
stobuildupourbodyandenrichourafter-classlife,wasscheduledamongtheclasseslastweek.【点睛】【高分句型1】IfeltsonervousthatIwasafraidIcouldnotcoo
peratewithmyteamwell.(运用了so...that句型)【高分句型2】Ifyouareasportyindividual,playingbasketballisoneofthemostexcitingactivitiesthatyouwillbeencounteringin
yourlifebecauseitallowsapersontobecomephysicallyfitandincreaseyourstrength,anddevelopsyourteamworkspirit.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句,th
at引导的限定性定语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句)的获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com