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鸡西市第一中学2018级高二学年第二学期期末考试英语试卷第一部分单项选择1.—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn’t______Mr.Smithhere.A.不填B.aC.theD.one【答案】B【解
析】【详解】考查冠词的特殊用法。句意:—你好,我能和史密斯先生通话吗?—你打错电话了,这里没有一个叫Mr.Smith的人。人的姓名前加不定冠词,表示某一个“叫……的人”。根据语境可知,本句中是表示“某一位叫Mr.Smith的人”,其前可用不定冠词a。故选B。2.H
owcouldyou________suchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenoutofworkformonths?A.turnoffB.turninC.turndownD.turnto【答案】C【解析】【详解】本题考查动词短语辨析。解题步骤:1.确定各项意思:A.turn
off关掉;B.turnin上交;C.turndown拒绝,调低;Dturnto.转向,向求助。2.确定答案:根据“suchafantasticjob”可知,你都失业好几个月了,你怎么还会拒绝这么好的一份工作。句意:你都失业
好几个月了,你怎么还会拒绝这么好的一份工作。故选C3.---Ihaven’tmetanyoneelseherewhocanspeakbetterFrenchthanyou.---Actually,I_______inFranceforalmosttenyears.A.lived
B.liveC.hadlivedD.havelived【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态。句意:我从来没有遇到过比你说的法语更好的人。确实如何,我曾在法国生活过十年。一般过去时表示过去发生的动词,再根据句
意可知,故选A项。4.Withtheboy______theway,wehadnodiffaculty______thevillage.A.tolead;tofindB.leading;tofindC.leading;findingD.tolead;finding【答案】C【解析
】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在那个男孩的带领下,我们毫不费力地找到了那个木桩。lead的逻辑主语是theboy,withtheboyleading构成独立主格结构,theboy与lead之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作宾语补足语,表伴随。h
avedifficulty(in)doing在做…有困难,固定句型。故选C。【点睛】with构成的短语是高考常考点。平时需记牢并理解独立主格结构的概念。固定句型平时多积累。with用法如下:介词with或wit
hout+复合结构,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下:1.with或without-名词
/代词+形容词;2.with或without-名词/代词+副词;3.with或without-名词/代词+介词短语;4.with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式;5.with或without-名词/代词+分词。下面分别举例:1、Shecameintotheroom,withher
noseredbecauseofcold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)2、Withthemealover,weallwenthome.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语)3、Themasterwaswalkingupanddownw
iththerulerunderhisarm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。)Theteacherenteredtheclassroomwithabookinhishand.4、Helayinthedarkemptyhouse,withnotaman,womanorchi
ldtosayhewaskindtome.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语)Hecouldnotfinishitwithoutmetohelphim.(without+代词+不定式,作条件状语)5、Sh
efellasleepwiththelightburning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语)Withoutanythingleftinthecupboard,shewentouttogetsomethingtoeat.(
without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语)5.Notuntil________removedhisshoesdidheenteroneofthelow-ceilingroomsoftheJapanesehouse.A.heB.didheC.hehadD.hadhe【答案】C
【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:直到他脱下鞋子,他才进入一间天花板很低的日本房间。本句中not…until…引导从句置于句首,主句进行了倒装“didheenter”,但是until所在的从句不倒装,从句动作remove发生在主句动
作enter之前,所以要用过去完成时(haddone)。故选C项。6.Theelectricalfanshe__________intownyesterdayworkswellagain.A.repairedB.hadrepairedC.hasrepairedD.ha
dhadrepaired【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:她昨天在城里修的电风扇又能正常工作了。分析句子结构可知,此句为定语从句,先行词为fan,在从句中作宾语,其中省略了关系代词which或者that;“havesth.done”意为“请别人做某事,让……被做”,是固定
搭配,此处意为“被修的电风扇”;句中有时间状语yesterday,提示应该用一般过去时态。故选B项。7.—IsawJimatthemeetingyesterday.—Didyou?Ithinkhe__
____haveattended,forheisanexpert.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.couldn’t【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:——我昨天在会上看见吉姆了。——是吗?我认为他不必参加,因为他是个专家。本句表示本不需要参
加,却参加了,needn’thavedone本不需要做某事,实际上却做了;couldn’thavedone不可能做了某事;shouldn’thavedone本不应该做某事,实际上却做了。故选A项。8.—Isyourbrothergoingcamping?—
He’ssignedupbuthe’sconsidering________.A.nottogoB.notgoingC.won’tgoD.notgo【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意:——你弟弟要去野营吗?——他已经报名了,但他正在考虑不去。固定搭配considerdoings
th.,“打算做某事”,doing的否定形式是在前面直接加not。故选B项。9.Timeshouldbemadegooduse________ourlessonswell.A.oflearningB.tolearnC.tolearningD.oftolearn【答案】D【
解析】【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意:我们应该充分利用时间来学好我们的功课。表示“充分利用”短语为makegooduseof,本句中后跟不定式作目的状语。故选D。10.Inourcountrye
veryboyandeverygirl______therighttoeducation.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:在我们国家,每个男孩和女孩都有受
教育的权利。本句讲的是客观事实,时态用一般现在时,因为当and连接的是带有由each、every、no、many、a等词修饰的名词时候,作主语,谓语动词要用单数,固定搭配havetherighttosth.(有某物的权利)。故选A项。11.______Jixitodayismo
rebeautifulnow.Mr.Jacksonsaidhewouldvisitit______thirdtime.A.The;/B.The;theC./;aD.The;a【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意:今天的鸡西市更漂亮了。Jackson先
生说他将又一次来这里。第一空特指“鸡西市”应用定冠词;第二空为“不定冠词a/an+序数词+名词”强调在已知数量上再累加一个,且third为辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故选D。12.——Doyouhaveanythingm
ore_______,sir?——No,youcanhavearestordosomethingelse.A.typingB.tobetypedC.typedD.totype【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定式的被动语态。句意:——先生,你还有什么要打印的吗?——没
有了,你可以休息一会或做点别的事了。分析句子结构可知,此处应用不定式的被动语态tobedone作后置定语,用来修饰anything,表示将要发生的动作,意为“想要被打印的东西”。故选B项。【点睛】一般来说,当不定式所说明的人或者物是不定式所表示的动作的对象
,即是一种动词和宾语的关系时,不定式用被动语态。13.Let'sgetthroughtheworkquickly._______seemstobelittletimeleftnow.A.ItB.ThereC.ThatD.Here【答案】B【解析】【详
解】考查therebe句型。句意:让我们快点完成这项工作。现在似乎时间所剩无几了。根据句意可知此处用therebe句型表示“有”,thereseemstobe表示“似乎有”,故B项正确。14.Wemustdosomethingto_______factories_____
___wastewaterintotheriverbeforeitiscleaned.A.stop;pouringB.prevent;topourC.keep;pouringD.stop;topour【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:
我们必须采取措施阻止工厂在废水净化前向河里倾倒废水。stop/preventsb./sth.(from)doingsth.(阻止某人/物做某事),from可以省略;keepsb./sth.fromdoing(阻止某人/物做某事)但是from不可省
略,应用stop,pouring。故选A项。15.Iwouldappreciate______,tobefrank,ifthegoodscouldbedeliveredassoonaspossible.A.youB
.thisC.itD.myself【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意:坦白说,这些货物要是能够尽快送达我将感激不尽。it作appreciate的形式宾语,tobefrank是插入语,if引导真正的宾语从句。故选C。16.Thisis
oneofthebestnovelsthat____appearedthisyear.A.havebeenB.hasC.hadbeenD.have【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:这是今年出版的最好的小说之一。分析句子可知,此
部小说在今年这段时间里(包含今年在内已经过去的时间)是最好的小说,此空用现在完成时(has/havedone),主动语态,本定语从句的先行词是thebestnovels,在从句中作主语,当先行词前面有最高级修饰,且先行词是物的时候,使用关系代词that,
因为先行词是复数形式,故定语从句时态也应该使用复数。故选D项。17.Kathy_________alotofSpanishbyplayingwiththenativeboysandgirls.A.pi
ckedupB.tookupC.madeupD.turnedup【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:通过和当地男孩和女孩玩耍,Mary学会了许多西班牙语。A.pickedup捡起,获得,,学会,使恢复精神,
,加快,,看到,随便地认识;B.tookup开始从事;接受(提议);占用;C.madeup构成,编造;化妆;弥补,和解;D.turnedup翻起;出现;(尤指失去后偶然)被发现;根据句意可知,Mary是通过和当地孩
子一起玩的时候学会了许多西班牙语。故选A。18.I’vecometothepoint____Ican’tstandherarguinganylonger.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:我已经到了不能再忍受她
争论的地步了。分析句子结构可知,此句为定语从句,先行词为“point”,表示“某种程度,某种状况”,是指一个象征意义上的地点,可以推断,此处应用引导词where指代先行词,表示“在这种程度之下”,在从句中充当状
语。故选D项。【点睛】where指代relationship、situation和point,分别表示“在……关系中”,“在……情况下”,“达到……程度”,这些词虽然不是表示地点的名词,但在从句中表达的是“某个点或状态”的含义。我们可以把这类名词解释成“含有抽象地点意义的
名词”,此类词也能用关系副词where来进行引导。19.Asweallknow,_______medicalexaminationwillhelpusfindouthealthproblemsasearlyaspossible.A.normalB.generalC.commonD.reg
ular【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们都知道,定期体检会帮助我们尽早发现健康问题。A.normal正常的;B.general一般的;C.common普通的;D.regular定期的。
结合后文medicalexaminationwillhelpusfindouthealthproblemsasearlyaspossible可知指“定期体检会帮助我们尽早发现健康问题。”故选D。20.Haditbeenatallpossible,Iwouldhav
egonetoattendherinthehospital,butI________fullyoccupiedlastweek.A.wasB.hadbeenC.amD.havebeen【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:如果可能的话,我早就
去医院照顾她了,但上周我忙得不可开交。根据时间状语“lastweek”上周,可知,此句描述的是过去的状况,应用一般过去时。故选A项。21.Hikingbyoneselfcanbefunandgoodforhealth.Itmayalsobegood
for________building.A.respectB.friendshipC.reputationD.character【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:独自徒步旅行很有趣,也有利于身体健康。同时对于性格的塑造也有好处。A.respect尊敬;
B.friendship友谊;C.reputation名声;D.character性格。题目中表示“同时对于性格的塑造也有好处”。故选D。22.Whenapieceoficeistakenintoawarmro
om,itwillbecomesmallerandsmaller,untilintheenditcompletely.A.isdisappearedB.willdisappearC.isdisappearingD.disappea
rs【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意:当一块冰被带入一个温暖的房间时,它会变得越来越小,最终消失。句字陈述了一个事实,应用一般现在时;disappear是不及物动词,没有被动语态。故选D。【点睛】一般现在时的用法:1)经常性
或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。常用的时间状语有every,sometimes,at,onSunday等。例如:Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.每天早上我七点离开家。2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如:The
earthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕太阳转动。3)表示格言或警句。例如:Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例如:Columbusprovedthattheearthisro
und.哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:Idon’twantsomuch.我不要那么多。23.Theaudiencewere_____theperformanceofCh
ineseathletesatthe23rdWinterOlympics.A.impressedbyB.impressedonC.interestinginD.expressedby【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意:中国运动员在第23届冬奥会上的表现给观众留下
了深刻的印象。结合句意表示“留下深刻印象;对……印象深刻”短语为sb.beimpressedby。B选项介词搭配错误,C选项interesting用于修饰物,此处主语为audience“观众”应用-ed结尾形容词修饰,D选项express表示“表达”与语境不符。故选A。
24.Climbingthemountainisagoodwaytokeepfit.____,walkingishelpfulforyourhealth.A.CorrectlyB.ImmediatelyC.Si
milarlyD.Generally【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:爬山是保持健康的好方法。同样,散步对你的健康也有帮助。A.Correctly正确地;B.Immediately立即;C.Similarly同样地;
D.Generally普遍地。根据前句的“keepfit”保持健康,和后句的“helpfulforyourhealth”对你的健康有帮助,可知,此处前后含义相近,都表示对健康有好处,应用“同样地”。故选C项。【点睛】此题考
查副词词义辨析,在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的大概意思,明确辨析出各个副词的含义。25.Myfatherislivelyand____,butheisnotverypatient_____me.A.energy;withB.
energetic;withC.energy;ofD.energetic;of【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词和固定搭配。句意:我父亲生气勃勃,精力充沛,但他对我不是很有耐心。第一空用形容词作表语,和and前面的形容词lively在语法结构上保持一致;第二空,固定搭配bepatientwith
…(对……有耐心),应用介词with。故选B项。26.Humanbeingsaredifferentfromanimals________theycanuselanguageasatooltocommunicat
e.A.inwhichB.inthatC.forthatD.forwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意:人类不同于动物,因为人类可以把语言作为交流的工具。此处为原因状语从句,表示“因为”结合选项应用inthat,作为从属连词。故选B。27.Thesec
retarymadeanoteofit_____sheshouldforget.A.inorderthatB.incaseC.sothatD.everwhen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意:秘书把它
记了下来,以防她忘了。本句表示秘书记下来是为了不忘记,由incase、lest、forfearthat引导的目的状语从句,谓语动词用“(should)+do”结构,表示忧虑或目的,应用从属连词incase(以防)。故选B项。28.Tenminutesearlier,_____wecould
havesavedtheboy.A.orB.otherwiseC.andD.so【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意:再早十分钟,我们就可以救那个男孩的。两个分句之间不存在转折和因果的逻辑关系,因此
用and表示顺承。故选C项。29.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho_______forthespoiledchild.A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.sho
uldblame【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主动表达被动。句意:我觉得你丈夫应该为宠坏孩子受责备。betoblame“应受责备”这是主动表被动的用法,故选A。30.Wantingthequestion_____oncemore,thelittleboy
wenttotheteacher’sofficeafterclass.A.explainedB.beingexplainedC.beexplainedD.toexplain【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查
过去分词。句意:想要问题再被解释一遍,小男孩下课后去了老师的办公室。wantsth.done(想要/希望某事被做),过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A项。第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。APeoplesee
mtohaveanaturalneedforfriendsandwithgoodreason,friendsincreaseyourenjoymentoflifeandrelievefeelingsofloneliness.Theyevencanhelpr
educestressandimproveyourhealth.Havinggoodfriendsisespeciallyhelpfulwhenyouaregoingthroughanykindofhardtimesuchaswhenyouareexperi
encinganxiety,panicattacks,ordepression.Whenyouarewithgoodfriends,youfeelgoodaboutyourself,andyouaregladtob
ewiththem.Afriendissomeonewho—●youlike,respect,andtrust,andwholikes,expectsandtrustsyou.●doesn’talwaysunderstandyou,butac
ceptsandlikesyouasyouare,evenasyougrowandchange.●allowsyouthespacetochange,grow,makedecisions,andevenma
kemistakes.●listenstoyouandshareswithyouboththegoodtimesandthebadtimes.●respectsyourneedforsecrets,soyoucantellthema
nything.●letsyoufreelyexpressyourfeelingsandemotionswithoutjudging,laughingatorcriticizingyou.●acceptsthelimitationsyouhaveputonyou
rselfandhelpsyoutoremovethem.Apersononcesaid.“Friendshipisacontinuingsourceofbonding(连接),releasing,andcreatinginyourselfandwiththeotherperso
n,thereisanemotionalbondbetweenthetwopeople.”Agoodfriendorsupportermayormaynotbethesameageorthesamesexasyou,an
dmaynothavethesameeducational,cultural,orreligiousbackground,orshareintereststhataresimilartoyours.Friendshipsalsohavedifferentdepths.Som
eareclosertotheheartandsomemoresuperficial,butthey’reallusefulandgood.31.Whichofthefollowingisnotafunctionofafrien
d?A.Hebringsyousomehappiness.B.Hehelpsyoufeellesslonely.C.Hehelpsyougetoverthedifficulties.D.Hehelpsyoucheati
ntheexam.32.Theunderlinedword“superficial”means________.A.deepB.shallowC.hardD.close33.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AFriendinNeedIs
aFriendIndeedB.HowtoGetonwithYourFriendC.WaystoBeaGoodFriendD.WhatKindofPersonaFriendShouldBe【答案】31.D32.B33.D【解析】这是一篇散文。文章讲述了,朋友应该是
什么样的。【31题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Peopleseemtohaveanaturalneedforfriendsandwithgoodreason,friendsincreaseyourenjoymentoflifeandrelievefeeli
ngsofloneliness.Theyevencanhelpreducestressandimproveyourhealth.Havinggoodfriendsisespeciallyhelpfulwhenyouaregoingth
roughanykindofhardtimesuchaswhenyouareexperiencinganxiety,panicattacks,ordepression.”(人们似乎天生就需要朋友,而且有很好的理由,朋友能增加你生活的乐
趣,缓解孤独感。它们甚至可以帮助减轻压力和改善你的健康。当你经历任何困难的时候,比如当你经历焦虑、恐慌或抑郁时,拥有好朋友是特别有帮助的。),可知朋友不能帮你考试作弊(文中未提及)。故选D项。【32题详解】词义猜测题。由最后一段中的“
Friendshipsalsohavedifferentdepths.Someareclosertotheheartandsomemoresuperficial,butthey’reallusefulandgood.”(友谊也有不同的深度。有些更接近内心,有些更肤浅,但它
们都是有用的和好的。),可知友谊也有不同的深度,有的贴近内心,有的肤浅,superficial在此处意为“肤浅的”。故选B项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。第一段讲“朋友在生活中的作用”,第二段讲“朋友是什么样的”(文章重点),第三四段讲“作者对朋友的理解”,可知文章讲了朋友的作用以及朋
友是什么样的,D选项“一个朋友应该是什么样的人”切题。故选D项。BThomasJamesHansonwillrememberforalongtimethesnowstormthathitthestateofNewYorkonNovember22nd.The47-yea
r-oldmanfromNiagaraFallswasstuckinhiscaronthehighwayforalmosteightdaysafterhisvehiclewasaccidentallypushedtothesideoftheroadandc
overedwithsnowbyworkersemployedtoremovethesnowfromthestreets.DrivingontheInterstateHighway190duringtheworstofthesnowstorm,Mr.Hansondecidedtopu
lloverhisold1993VolkswagenPassattothesideoftheroadandwaitfortheweatherconditionstoimprove.Heremainedmotionlessforapproximatelyf
ivehoursbeforeasnowplowarrivedtocleartheway.Unfortunatelyforthepoorman,thedriverofthegiganticsnowremovalvehicledi
dnotseethesmallcar,pushingitintotheditchandcoveringitwithmorethan2metersofsnow.Fortunatelyforthefatheroftwoc
hildren,thesnowthatwasstackedoverhisvehiclewasnotverydenseandallowedforenoughfreshairtogetthroughtoen
ablehimtosurvive.Hewasabletodrinkwaterthatheobtainedbymeltingsnowwithhislighterinanaluminumcoffeecup,andheatethefewit
emsofgrocerieshehadboughtbeforegoinghome.“IfIhadknownIwouldbestuckforeightdays,Iwouldhaveboughtmorethanajarofdillpic
kles(咸菜),abottleofketchupandtwosticksofbeefjerky(牛肉干),”saidthesurvivorwithasmile.ThomasHansonhadalmostlost
allhopeofbeingrescuedwhenhiscarwashitonceagainthismorningbyanothersnowplow,whichrevealedthepoorman’slocation.34.WhatcausedThomasJam
esHansontofallintotheditchaccordingtothepassage?A.Asnowremovalvehicle.B.Thestrongwind.C.Theslipperyroad.D.Hisdrunkdriving.35.Itcanbe
learnedfromthepassagethat_______.A.Mr.HansonhadboughtsomefoodbeforetheaccidentB.Mr.HansongotrescuedonNovember2
2eventuallyC.Mr.HansonhadenoughbottledwatertodrinkinthecarD.Mr.Hansonwasstuckinthecarwithhischildren.36.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeThomas
JamesHanson?A.Quick-mindedB.Hard-workingC.CarelessD.Humorous37.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.HeavySnowstormCausedDisaste
rtoNewYork.B.ManFoundAliveafterBeingStuck8DaysunderSnow.C.ThomasJamesHanson–aBlackSheepintheSnow.D.WonderfulEightDaysofExperienceintheSn
ow.【答案】34.A35.A36.D37.B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。47岁男子ThomasJamesHanson,由于他的汽车被雇来清除街道上积雪的工人意外推到路边,盖上了积雪,他被困在高速公路上近八天。文章主要讲述了
Hanson被困的经过,他得以幸存的原因和最终脱困的经过。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Unfortunatelyforthepoorman,thedriverofthegiganticsnowremovalvehicledidnotseethesmallcar,pushin
gitintotheditchandcoveringitwithmorethan2metersofsnow.可知不幸的是,这个可怜的人,巨型除雪车的司机没有看到这辆小车,把它推到沟里,盖上了2米多厚的雪。由此可知,是除雪车导致ThomasJamesHanson
掉进了沟里。故选A。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Hewasabletodrinkwaterthatheobtainedbymeltingsnowwithhislighterinanaluminumcoffeec
up,andheatethefewitemsofgrocerieshehadboughtbeforegoinghome.可知他能喝到用打火机融化在铝咖啡杯里的雪得到的水,他还吃了回家前买的几样杂货。以及倒数第二段“IfIhadknownIwouldbestuckforeightdays,
Iwouldhaveboughtmorethanajarofdillpickles(咸菜),abottleofketchupandtwosticksofbeefjerky(牛肉干),”saidthesurvivorwithasmile.可知“如果我知道我要被困
八天,我买的就不只是一罐莳萝咸菜,一瓶番茄酱和两根牛肉干了,”幸存者微笑着说。由此可知,Hanson先生在事故发生前,买了一些食物。故选A。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“IfIhadknownIwouldbestuckforeightdays,I
wouldhaveboughtmorethanajarofdillpickles(咸菜),abottleofketchupandtwosticksofbeefjerky(牛肉干),”saidthesurvivorwithasmile.可知“如果我
知道我要被困八天,我买的就不只是一罐莳萝咸菜,一瓶番茄酱和两根牛肉干了,”幸存者微笑着说。由此可推知,ThomasJamesHanson很幽默。故选D。【37题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段ThomasJamesHansonwillrememberforalongtimethesnowsto
rmthathitthestateofNewYorkonNovember22nd.The47-year-oldmanfromNiagaraFallswasstuckinhiscaronthehighwayforalmosteigh
tdaysafterhisvehiclewasaccidentallypushedtothesideoftheroadandcoveredwithsnowbyworkersemployedtoremovethesnowfromthestreets.可知ThomasJa
mesHanson将会很长一段时间记得11月22日袭击纽约州的暴风雪。这名来自尼亚加拉大瀑布的47岁男子被困在高速公路上近8天,因为他的汽车被雇来清除街道上积雪的工人意外推到路边,盖上了积雪。结合文章主要说明了Hanson被困的经过,他得以幸存的
原因和最终脱困的经过。由此可知,B选项“一名男子被困在雪下八天后被发现”最符合文章标题,故选B。CWheneverweseeabutton,weareeagertopressitbecauseweknowso
methingwillhappen.Thisistrueinmostcases,forexampleonadoorbellandonthe“on/off”buttonontheTV.Butsomebutton
sareactuallyfake,likethe“close”buttononalift.Manypeopleareinthehabitofpressingthe“close”buttonbecausetheydon’thavethepatiencetowaitforth
eliftdoorstoshut.Butlifts’“close”buttonsareacompletescam(骗局),atleastintheUS-thedoorswillnotcloseanyfasternomatterhowhardyoupress.
Itstartedinthe1990swhentheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActwaspassedintheUS,makingsurethatallliftsstayedopen
longenoughsothatpeoplewithdisabilitiescouldenter.OnlyUSfirefightersandrepairmencanusethebuttonstospeedupthedoor-closin
gprocessiftheyhaveacodeorspecialkeys.Buttonormalliftriders,thebuttonsaren’tcompletelyuseless.Accordingto
psychologists,fakebuttonscanactuallymakeyoufeelbetterbyofferingyouasenseofcontrol.“Perceived(能够感知的)controlisveryimportan
t.Itreducesstressandincreaseswell-being,”EllenJ.Langer,apsychologyprofessor,said,“havingalackofcontrolisassociatedwithdepression(沮丧).”Expertsha
verevealedthatalotofbuttonsthatdon’tdoanythingexistinourlivesforthissamepurpose.Forexample,manyofficesintheUShavefakethermostats(温度调节器)becausepe
opletendtofeelbetterwhentheythinktheycancontrolthetemperatureintheirworkplace.Pedestrian(行人)crosswalkbuttonsdon’
tliveuptotheirnameseither.Pressingthemusedtohelpmakethetrafficsignalschangefaster,butthatwasbeforecomputer-controlledtrafficsig
nalswereintroduced.Butpsychologistsfounditinterestingthatevenwhenpeopleareawareoftheselittle“whitelies”,theystillcontinuetopushfakebu
ttonsbecauseaslongasthedoorseventuallyclose,itisconsideredtobeworththeeffort.“Thathabitisheretostay,”JohnKounios,apsycholo
gyprofessor,said.“EventhoughIhaverealdoubtsaboutthetrafficlightbuttons,Ialwayspressthem.Afterall,I’vegotnothingelsetodowhilewaiting.Sowhy
notpressthebuttoninthehopethatthisonewillwork?”38.Whatwastheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Toanalyzethefunctionsoffake
buttons.B.Todescribesomedifferentkindsoffakebuttons.C.Toexplorepeople’sdifferenthabitswhenitcomestopushin
gbuttons.D.Toexplaintheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffakebuttons.39.InAmerica,the“close”buttonsonlifts_______.A.wor
konlywhenpeoplepressthemhardforawhileB.cannotspeeduptheprocessofclosingthedoorinanycaseC.arefakefortheconvenienceofdisabledpeopleD.werespecially
designedtogivepeopleasenseofcontrol40.Theunderlinedpart“forthissamepurpose”inParagraph6refersto_______.A.h
elpingpeopletobuildupconfidenceB.makingpeoplemorepatientC.makingpeoplewithdepressionfeelbetterD.givingpeop
leperceivedcontrol41.AccordingtoJohnKounios,peoplewhopressfakebuttons______.A.don’tknowthatwhattheypressisfakeB.shouldgiveupthisha
bitC.considerwhattheydotobemeaninglessD.probablydosotokilltime【答案】38.A39.C40.D41.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了
生活中,在很多场合都有许多假按钮。虽然是假的,但是在许多人看来,尤其是心理专家看来,可以给人们减压,增加愉快感。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,本文主要讲了在生活中很多人喜欢按按钮,但是实际上很多按钮是假的,作者还对假按钮的功能进行了分析。可以推断出作者的写作意
图是分析假按钮的功能。故选A项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Itstartedinthe1990swhentheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActwaspassedintheUS,makingsurethatalllift
sstayedopenlongenoughsothatpeoplewithdisabilitiescouldenter.”它始于20世纪90年代,当时美国通过了《美国残疾人法案》,以确保所有的电梯都保持足够长的开放时间,以便残疾人能够进入电梯。可
知,在美国,电梯上的“关闭”假按钮是为了方便残疾人。故选C项。【40题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段“Perceived(能够感知的)controlisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandincreaseswell-b
eing,”能够感知的控制是非常重要的。它能减少压力,增加好感。再根据第六段“Forexample,manyofficesintheUShavefakethermostats(温度调节器)becausepeopletendtofeelbett
erwhentheythinktheycancontrolthetemperatureintheirworkspace.”例如,美国的许多办公室有假的温度调节器,因为当人们认为自己可以控制他们的工作场所的温度时,人们往往会感觉更好。可
知,这同一目的也是让人感觉更好。所以可以猜测出“forthissamepurpose”指的是给予人们感知到的控制力。故选D项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ialwayspressthem.Afterall,I’vegotnothingelse
todowhilewaiting.”即使我对红绿灯按钮有真正的怀疑,我总是按它们。毕竟,我在等待的时候没有别的事情可做。可以推断出,人们按按钮是为了消磨时光。故选D项。【点睛】猜测词义题的常见解题方法有:1、根据
定义或上下文解释进行猜测;2、根据同位关系进行猜测;3、根据构词法(合成、派生、转化等)进行猜测;4、根据因果关系进行猜测;5、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测;6、根据同义关系进行猜测;7、根据转折或对比关系进行猜测;8、通过上下文理解猜测词
义。其中第8条通过上下文理解猜测词义用得最多。例如,第3题,根据第五段“Perceived(能够感知的)controlisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandincreaseswell-b
eing,”能够感知的控制是非常重要的。它能减少压力,增加好感。再根据第六段“Forexample,manyofficesintheUShavefakethermostats(温度调节器)becausepeopletendtof
eelbetterwhentheythinktheycancontrolthetemperatureintheirworkspace.”例如,美国的许多办公室有假的温度调节器,因为当人们认为自己可以控制他们的工作场所的温度时,人们往往会感觉更好。可知,这同一目的
也是让人感觉更好。所以可以猜测出“forthissamepurpose”指的是给予人们感知到的控制力。故选D项。D“There’snoplacelikehome.”ThisEnglishsayinghasmuchtruthinit:thebestplacetobe
issurroundedbyourtreasuredpossessionsandourlovedonesandwitharoofoverourhead.Andformanyyoungadults,it’stheonlyaffordableplacetostay
;someplacewheretheycanreceivefirst-classservicefrommumanddad.Butthiscomesataprice!Insomecountries,it’squitetra
ditionalforpeopleintheirlateteensandearly20stoliveathomewiththeirparents,butinotherplaces,flyingawaythenesttostarttheirownindependentli
feisverydesirable.Butthere’sbeenagrowingtrend,intheUKatleast,foryoungpeopletoreturnhometolive—ornottoleavehomeatall.AccordingtotheUK’sOfficefo
rNationalStatistics,aboutaquarterofyoungadultsaged20-34liveathome,andthatfigurehasbeengrowing.Asurveybyapricecomparisonwebsitefoundthat18%o
fadultchildrenintheUKsaidtheyweremovingbackhomebecauseofdebt,comparedwith8%lastyear.Moreyoungpeoplehadlosttheirjobs,ando
therscouldn'taffordtheirrentcomparedwiththepreviousyear.So,it’seasytoseewhythey’reincreasinglybecominghomebirds.TheBBC’sLucyHoo
kerexplainsthatmanyreturningadultchildrenenjoyhomecomforts.Theseincludecookedmeals,afullfridgeandcleaning,aswellastheirbillsb
eingcoveredbywhatiscommonlycalled“thehotelofmumanddad”.Butforthe“hoteliers”,that’smumanddad,thesurveyfoundtheaveragecosttothemhasg
oneupsharply,andthattheyaresacrificingluxuriesandholidaystolookaftertheir“bigkids”.EmmaCraigfromMoneysupermarketsays“they’retryingtolookafterthei
rchildrenmore.Ifyourchildcomeshomeandyouseethemstrugglingfinancially,youfeelmoreawkwardaskingthemforrentorlocontribute.Withparentss
plashingout(花费)around£l,886ontakeawayfood,buyingnewfurnitureandupgradingtheirWi-Fiforthebenefitoftheirchildren,it’seasyfor
thereturningchildrentoputtheirfeetupandmakethemselvesathome.That'sbeforetheylearnahometruththatonedayitmightbetheirownkidswho'llbechecki
ngintothehotelofmumanddad!42.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Themainreasonfortheirmovingbackhomeliesin
parents'service.B.Differentcountrieshavedifferenttraditions.C.MoreandmoreyoungpeoplelivewithparentsintheUK.D.Youngpeople
desiretoliveindependentlyinallcountries.43.Whydomoreyoungpeoplechoosetostayathome?A.Theyarestrugglingfinancially.B.Theywanttokeeptheirparentscompany
.C.Theycan'taffordtobuytheirownhouse.D.Theywanttoenjoyhomecomforts44.Whatinfluencedoesthetrendhaveonparents?A
.Theyhavedifficultymakingendsmeet.B.Theyfeelhappywiththeirchildrenaround.C.Theyfeelawkwardaskingtheirchildrenforrent.D.Theygiveupth
eirownlifetotakecareoftheirkids.45.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnewtrendintheUK.B.Thehotelofmumanddad.C.There’snoplacelikehome.D.Ever
ythingcomesataprice.【答案】42.C43.A44.D45.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。许多英国年轻人选择“回巢”,与父母同住。回到父母家中,他们享受着家庭的舒适生活,但是回家住“爸妈旅馆”是有代价的。【42题详解】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“Butthere’sbeenagr
owingtrend,intheUKatleast,foryoungpeopletoreturnhometolive—ornottoleavehomeatall.”可知,但是至少在英国,年轻人回家居住或者根本不离开家已经是一种上升的趋势。由此可见,越来越多的英国年轻人和父母一起居
住。结合选项可知,选项C正确。【43题详解】细节理解题。由第三段的第二句“Asurveybyapricecomparisonwebsitefoundthat18%ofadultchildrenintheUKsaidtheyweremovi
ngbackhomebecauseofdebt,comparedwith8%lastyear.”和第三句“Moreyoungpeoplehadlosttheirjobs,andotherscouldn'taffordtheirrentcomparedwiththe
previousyear.”可知,由一个比价网站做出的调查发现和去年的8%相比,18%的英国成年儿童说他们搬回家是因为债务。和前年相比,更多的年轻人失去他们的工作,并且其他人无法承担他们的租金。由此可见
,更多的年轻人选择回家住,是因为他们经济上的困难。结合选项可知,选项A正确。【44题详解】细节理解题。由第四段的第三句“Butforthe“hoteliers”,that’smumanddad,thesurveyfoundtheaveragecosttothemhasgoneupsh
arply,andthattheyaresacrificingluxuriesandholidaystolookaftertheir“bigkids”.”可知,但是对于这些“旅馆经营者”,那就是母亲和父亲,这项调查发现他们的平均花销急剧上升,并且他们正在牺牲奢侈品和
假期去照顾他们的“大孩子”。由此可见,这种趋势对父母造成的影响是他们为了照顾孩子要放弃他们自己的生活。结合选项可知,选项D正确。【45题详解】主旨大意题。由全文内容可知,第一段的第二句“Andformanyyoungadu
lts,it’stheonlyaffordableplacetostay;someplacewheretheycanreceivefirst-classservicefrommumanddad.”,第二段的第二句“Butthere’sbeenagrowingtrend,
intheUKatleast,foryoungpeopletoreturnhometolive—ornottoleavehomeatall.”,第四段的第一句“TheBBC’sLucyHookerexplainsthatmanyreturningadultchildren
enjoyhomecomforts.”以及最后一段的最后一句“That'sbeforetheylearnahometruththatonedayitmightbetheirownkidswho'llbecheckingintothehotelo
fmumanddad!”可知,对于很多年轻人来说,那是唯一能够负担起居住的地方,一些他们能从妈妈和爸爸那获得一级服务的地方。但是至少在英国,年轻人回家居住或者根本不离开家已经是一种上升的趋势。BBC的LucyHooker
解释说很多回来的成年儿童享受着家里的舒适。那是在他们了解到家的含义之前,有一天可能是他们自己的孩子将要入驻父母酒店。由此可见,全文主要是在讲述年轻人回归父母家中,和父母一起居住,父母的家成为舒适的酒店。所以
短文的标题为“父母酒店”为短文的最佳标题。选项B正确。第二节根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoRememberWhatYouReadReadingi
simportant.Butthenextstepismakingsurethatyourememberwhatyou'veread!___46___youmayhavejustreadthetext.Buttheideas,con
ceptsandimages(形象)mayflyrightoutofyourhead.Hereareafewtricksforrememberingwhatyouread.●___47___Iftheplot,char
acters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon'tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.It'sabitlikereadingaforeignlanguage.Ifyoudon'tundersta
ndwhatyou'rereading,howwouldyourememberit?ButthereareafewthingsyoucandoUseadictionary;lookupthedifficultwords.●Areyouconnected?Doesacha
racterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyouwanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyou,andmakeyouwanttoreadmore?Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionr
ightaway.___48___Howwillingareyoutomaketheconnectionshappen?●Readit;hearit;beit!Readthelines.Then,speak
themoutloud.And,putsomecharacterintothewords.Whenhewaswritinghisnovels,CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacte
rs.He'dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.___49___●Howoftendoyouread?Ifyoureadfrequently,you'lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithreme
mberingwhatyou’rereadingandwhatyou'veread.___50___Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you'llmakemoreconnections,stay
morefocusedandunderstandthetextbetter.You’lllearntoenjoyliterature-asyourememberwhatyouread!A.Areyouconfused?B.Pract
icemakesperfect.C.What'syourmotivation?D.Memoryissometimesatrickything.E.Markinghelpsyourememberwhatyour
ead.F.Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.G.Youcandothesamethingwhenyouarereadingthetext!【答案】46
.D47.A48.F49.G50.B【解析】本文为说明文,给出了几种方法来帮助读者记忆阅读过的内容,包括扫清生词障碍,将所读到的内容与已有知识建立联系,把自己置身于情节之中和经常性阅读。【46题详解】根据空格后的内
容:你可能刚刚读过某篇文章,但却对文章所传达的思想,概念以及形象等一片茫然。接下来作者给出了几条能记住所读内容的方法。D选项:阅读中记忆有时很让人棘手,与空格后所表述含义一致,故选D。【47题详解】本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂,这就需要首先通过
查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由confusing”令人困惑的“及don’tunderstand”不理解“等词可推知答案,故选A。【48题详解】根据空格后的内容:将正在阅读的内容与已有知识之间建立联系。有些书的内容会让
你立即产生这种联想,因此推断该空的内容也是与建立联系有关,F选项含义为“但是其他书则更多地需要你自己努力了”,表示转折,与上下文顺畅连接,另外otherbooks也与空白前的somebooks相对应。故选F。【49题详解】本段给出的方法是:要求读者能全身心投入到所读内容中去,列举了狄更斯的例
子旨在说明这种方法的可行性,因此读者也可以使用这种方法记住所读内容,故选G。【50题详解】根据空格前:将阅读作为一种日常活动,可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出,该空格处内容与经常阅读相关,选项B(熟能生巧)符合语境。【名师点睛】【解题剖析】.1.如果问题设在段首,通常是段落的主题句,
认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找相关的词,推断出主题句如:●___2___Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,likelywon’tb
eabletorememberwhatyouread.本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂,这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由confusing”令人困惑的“及don’tunderstand”不理解“等词可推知答案,故选AAreyouconfus
ed?2.如果问题设在段尾.空白前的一句或两句是重点语句,重点阅读以锁定关键词。如:CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters,He’dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachc
haracter.___4___3.如果问题设在句中,承上启下性是这个句子的主要作用。分析句子之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性,注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文,如果前后内容连贯,符合逻辑,就能得出正确答案。如:Ifyoureadfrequently,you’l
llikelyhaveandeasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereading(andwhatyou’veread).___5__根据空格前:将阅读作为一种日常活动,可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出,该空格处内容与经常阅读
相关,选项F(熟能生巧)符合语境。第三部分语言知识运用第一节完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theyoungsealcouldn’thavebeenmorethantwodaysold,a
ndyethewasallalone.Sometimeshewouldswim___51___,buthealwayscameback.Atfirstwethoughtitwas___52___thathekeptswimmingbacktous,untilwenoticedth
atheobviouslyhadbeen___53___andhadnowhereelsetogo.Wecalledhim“CuriousGeorge”.Withouthismother’smilk,Georgeappearedvery___54_
__withhiseyesclosed.Ijumpedintothewaterandswamuptohim,___55___wecouldbecloseenough.MyheartwentouttoGeorgeandIjusthopedthat
hehadthe____56____tointeract(互动)withme.Suddenlyhe___57___hiseyesandimmediatelyhejumpedupbetweenmyarms,puttinghishea
dagainstmychest.Itwasa(n)___58___moment.ButIknewthatGeorgewouldn’t___59___withoutsomehelp.We_____60_____the
localconservationvolunteers.Theywere___61___thatintheabsenceofhismother,hehaddevelopeda___62___relationshipwithus.Theypr
omisedtheywouldbringhimtoanareawith___63___peoplelivingthereandkeepaneyeonhim.Eventhoughithurttoseehim____64____
,weknewthathewasinbetterhands.Thenextdaywe___65___theconservationvolunteersandaskedhowGeorgewasdoing.___66___thevolunteersinformedusthat
hewastooclosetohumans,werealizedthatwasprobablyour___67___!Theydecidedtobringhimtoasmallislandwildlifereservewithalotofseal
sinthearea,wheretheycouldbetter___68___him.Aweeklater,wecalledagain,andwereinformedthatGeorgewas___69___inthewaterswi
mmingwithotherseals.Georgewas___70___andbacktohisworld.Andhewillalwaysswiminmyheart.51.A.asideB.aroundC.aheadD.away52.A.annoying
B.satisfyingC.amazingD.embarrassing53.A.hurtB.abandonedC.ignoredD.avoided54.A.nervousB.sadC.slowD.weak55.A.sothatB.nowt
hatC.asifD.evenif56.A.energyB.abilityC.timeD.chance57.A.turnedB.raisedC.narrowedD.opened58.A.anxiousB.magicalC.quietD.important59.A.surviveB.growC.go
D.swim60.A.caredaboutB.worriedaboutC.gotintouchwithD.gotalongwellwith61.A.confusedB.terrifiedC.concernedD.amus
ed62.A.healthyB.closeC.seriousD.lasting63.A.foolB.youngC.enoughD.few64.A.fightB.cryC.leaveD.suffer65.A.visitedB.calledC.foundD.invited
66.A.WhenB.BeforeC.UnlessD.Until67.A.choiceB.dutyC.excuseD.fault68.A.examineB.instructC.observeD.control69.A.spottedB.treated
C.protectedD.followed70.A.quickB.differentC.novelD.alive【答案】51.D52.C53.B54.D55.A56.A57.D58.B59.A60.C61.C62.B63.D64.C65.B66.A67.D68.C69.A7
0.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一只刚出生几天的小海豹被遗弃了,在作者一家和环保志愿者的帮助下,这只小海豹活了下来。【51题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:有时他会游的很远,但他总是会回来。A.aside在(到或向)旁边;B.around在周围;C.ahead超过,在前进;D.away
离开,远离。根据空后的转折“buthealwayscameback”可知,与“回来”相对应的动作应该是“游走”,故选away。故选D项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:起初,我们一直觉得他不断地
游回到我们身边是令人惊奇的。A.annoying讨厌的,恼人的;B.satisfying令人满意的;C.amazing令人惊奇的;D.embarrassing令人尴尬的。这只小海豹总是游回来找作者一家,这让作者
一家感觉很“惊奇”。故选C项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:直到我们注意到它很显然是被遗弃了,并且它无处可去。A.hurt伤害;B.abandoned遗弃,放弃;C.ignored忽视,不理睬;D.avoi
ded避免。根据空后的“hadnowhereelsetogo”和下文中的“Withouthismother’smilk”及“intheabsenceofhismother”可知,这只小海豹被“遗弃”了。故选B项。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:没有母亲的乳
汁,George显得很虚弱,连眼睛都睁不开。A.nervous紧张的;B.sad难过的;C.slow缓慢的;D.weak虚弱的。根据本句中的“Withouthismother’smilk”及“withhiseyesclosed”可以看出,由于没有母亲的乳汁喂养,这只小海豹
很“虚弱”,连眼睛都睁不开。故选D项。【55题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意:我跳入水中游向小海豹,以便我们离得足够近。A.sothat以便,为了;B.nowthat既然;C.asif好像;D.evenif即使。作者游向这只小海豹,“是为了”和他近距离接触,所以此处用sothat
引导目的状语从句。故选A项。【56题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我希望小海豹能有力量和我互动。A.energy精力,能量;B.ability能力;C.time时间;D.chance机会。跟上文对小海豹的描述可知,小
海豹没有母乳的喂养,也没有睁眼,所以此处指作者希望他有“精力”与自己互动。故选A项。【57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:突然他睁开眼睛,跳进我的怀里,把头贴近我的胸口。A.turned翻转;B.raised提高,饲养;C.narrowed变窄,缩小;D.opene
d打开。根据本段开头的“withhiseyesclosed”及空后小海豹的举动可知,小海豹原来闭着的眼睛突然“睁开”了。故选D项。【58题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这是个不可思议的时刻。A.an
xious焦急的,忧虑的;B.magical不可思议的;C.quiet安静的;D.important重要的。原本虚弱的小海豹现在跟作者互动,这是“不可思议”的。故选B项。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是我知道如果George得不到救助就不能存活下来。A.survive幸存;B.grow成
长;C.go去;D.swim游泳。出生几天就被遗弃,没有母亲的乳汁喂养,所以如果得不到帮助的话,这只小海豹不可能“活下来”。故选A项。【60题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们联系了当地的环保志愿者。A.caredabout关心;B.worri
edabout担心;C.gotintouchwith和……取得联系;D.gotalongwellwith和……友好相处。根据下文环保志愿者照顾小海豹“Theypromisedtheywouldbringhimtoan
areawith___13___peoplelivingthereandkeepaneyeonhim.”可知,作者一家“联系”了环保志愿者。故选C项。【61题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们担心小海豹没有妈妈,已经和我们形成亲密的关系。A.confused困惑的;B.t
errified恐惧的,受惊的;C.concerned担心的,忧虑的;D.amused愉快的,好玩的。从下文志愿者要把小海豹带走的举动及下文中“hewastooclosetohumans”可知,此处表示志愿者“担心”。故选C项。【62题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句
意:他们担心小海豹没有妈妈,已经和我们形成亲密的关系。A.healthy健康的;B.close亲密的;C.serious严肃的,认真的;D.lasting持久的。根据上文小海豹和作者的互动及本句中“intheabsenceofhismother”可知,小海豹在没有妈妈的情况下,和作者他们
形成了“亲密的”关系。下文中“hewastooclosetohumans”也是提示。故选B项。【63题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们承诺会把它带到一个没多少居住的地方照看它。A.fool愚蠢的;B.young
年轻的;C.enough足够的;D.few少量的。根据下文“thevolunteersinformedusthathewastooclosetohumans”可知,志愿者们说小海豹和人类过于亲密,所以应是把它带到一个人“不多的”地方。故选D项。【64题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然我们不愿看着
他离开,但是我们知道他得到了更好的照顾。A.fight打架;B.cry哭;C.leave离开;D.suffer受苦。根据上文“Theypromisedtheywouldbringhimtoanarea”可知,志愿者们要把小海豹带走,所以此处指看着他“离开”。故选C项。【65题详解】考
查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天我们打电话给环保志愿者,问George怎么样。A.visited参观,拜访;B.called打电话;C.found发现;D.invited邀请。根据下文中的“wecalledagain”可知,这里是指作者一家给志愿者“打电话”。故选B
项。【66题详解】考查连词辨析。句意:当志愿者们告诉我们他和人类太亲近的时候,我们意识到那是我们的错。A.When当……时候;B.Before在……之前;C.Unless除非;D.Until直到。根据“werealized”可知,应是“当志愿者们告诉我们时”作者才意识到。故选A项。【67题
详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当志愿者们告诉我们他和人类太亲近的时候,我们意识到那是我们的错。A.choice选择;B.duty职责;C.excuse借口;D.fault错误。小海豹跟人类过于亲密,作者觉得是他们之前的一系列行为的“过错”。故选D项。【68题详解】考查动词词
义辨析。句意:他们决定把他带到一个野生动物保护区的小岛上,小岛有很多的海豹,在那儿他们可以更好地观察他。A.examine检查;B.instruct指导;C.observe观察;D.control控制。根据上文“keepaneyeonhim”可知,志愿者不仅要把小海豹带到人少的
区域,还要密切“观察”他。故选C项。【69题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:几周后,我们再次打电话,志愿者说他们看见George在水里和其他海豹朋友一起游泳。A.spotted认出,看见;B.treated对待,治疗;C.protected保护;D.followed跟随。
根据上文“keepaneyeonhim”及下一句“Georgewas___20___andbacktohisworld.”可知,志愿者应是“看到”小海豹跟其他海豹一起在水里游泳。故选A项。【70题详解】考查形容词词
义辨析。句意:George还活着,并且回到了他的世界。A.quick快速的;B.different不同的;C.novel新奇的;D.alive活的,活着的。上文志愿者说小海豹跟其他海豹一起在水里游,这说明小海豹“活了下来”。故选D项。【点睛】第二节语法填空阅读下
面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Onmanycampuses,ithasbecomeatrendforahostofstudentstoparticipateinvariousactivities.In
volvedinsomepositiveones,studentsfindthemquite____71____(benefit)andrewarding.AcaseinpointistheEnglishclub
____72____theactivityoflearningbenefitsmemost.Incontemporaryworld,Englishlearninghasgainedgreat____73____(popular)anditisofgreatimportanceforst
udentstolearnEnglishwell.However,I___74___(meet)avarietyofdifficultiesinstudysofar.Forinstance,Ihavetrouble____75____(memory)wor
ds.Sometimes,itisalsodifficultformetounderstandtherulesofgrammar.AlthoughIcanreadandwrite,IcannotexpressmyselffreelyinEnglish.The
n,howtogetagoodcommandofthelanguageforme?Iam____76____(convince)thatpracticemakesperfectandthatjoiningtheEnglishclubisworthwhile.IntheEnglishclub,dai
lypractice___77___(able)metospeakandwritefluently.Itisalsothroughconstantpractice____78____Icanmastertherulesofgrammarandre
memberwords.Iwillbearinmindthat___79___Itrymybesttopracticeeveryday,thefutureofmyEnglishlearningwillbe_____80____
_(promise).【答案】71.beneficial72.where73.popularity74.havemet75.memorizing76.convinced77.enables78.tha
t79.if80.promising【解析】这是一篇说明文。在许多校园里,学生参加各种活动已成为一种趋势。参与一些积极的活动,学生们发现它们非常有益和有益。文章主要说明在当今世界,英语学习已经非常流行,对学生来说学好英语是非
常重要的。作者认为参加英语俱乐部是值得的。在英语俱乐部,每天的练习使自己能流利地说和写。【71题详解】考查形容词。此处为“find+宾补+宾语补足语”结构,结合后文andrewarding可知应填形容词beneficia
l作宾语,表示“有益的”。故填beneficial。【72题详解】考查定语从句。句意:一个恰当的例子就是英语俱乐部,那里的学习活动使我受益匪浅。此处为定语从句修饰先行词theEnglishclub,且先行词在从句中作地点
状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。【73题详解】考查名词。句意:在当今世界,英语学习已经非常流行,对学生来说学好英语是非常重要的。上文great为形容词修饰名词,可知应填名词popularity,表示“流行”。故填popularity。【74题详解】
考查动词时态。根据后文sofar“到目前为止”可知应用现在完成时,主语为I,助动词用have。故填havemet。【75题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:例如,我记忆单词有困难。结合句意表示“做某事有困难”短语为havetrouble(
in)doingsth.。故填memorizing。【76题详解】考查形容词。句意:我确信熟能生巧,参加英语俱乐部是值得的。结合句意表示“确信的”可知应填形容词convinced作表语。故填convinced。【77题详解】考查动词时态。句意:在英语
俱乐部,每天的练习使我能流利地说和写。本句陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,主语为dailypractice,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填enables。【78题详解】考查强调句。句意:也正是通过不断的练习
,我才能掌握语法规则,记住单词。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他”,本句中被强调部分为throughconstantpractice,故应用that。故填that。【79题详解】考查连词。句意:我将牢记,如果我尽我最大的努力每天练习,我的英语学习的未来
将是光明的。此处为条件状语从句,表示“如果”应用if。故填if。【80题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。根据上文willbe可知应填形容词promising作表语,表示“光明的”。故填promising。第四部分写作第一节短文改错81.假定英语课上老师要求
同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词
下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearPeter,AstheInternetisdevelopingfast,moreandmorenewwordsandphraseshavebeencre
atedinChinese.Herearesomeexamples.OneofthemostpopularwordsareDianzan,whichisoftenusewhenyouquiteagreewithsomeone.Anotherexampl
eisRenxing.WhenwesaysomebodyisRenxing,youmeanthattheywilldowhatevertheyliked.ThephraseMiaoshafirstcameononlineshopping,whichmeansyoucancompleteyo
urshoppingordersbeforeother.Butnowit'swideusedwhenyouachieveyourpurposeintheveryshorttime.IfyouwilldescribesomebodyasaTuhao,youmeanthatheisveryrich
.YoucanfindlotsofsuchnewChinesewords.Keeplearning,you'llknowmoreaboutourlanguageandculture.Allthebest!Yo
urs,LiHua【答案】1.are→is2.use→used3.we→you4.liked→like5.on→from6.other→others7.wide→widely8.the→a9.去掉will10.you前加and【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主
要介绍了当今互联网上最流行的词汇。【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意:其中最流行的一个词就是“点赞”,当你非常同意某人的观点时经常使用。分析句子结构可知,这句话的主语是Oneofthemostpopularwords,指的是最流行的词汇中的一个,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故将are改为is。2.考查语
态。句意:其中最流行的一个词就是“点赞”,当你非常同意某人的观点时经常使用。分析句子结构可知,此句为非限定性定语从句。从句主语Dianzan和动词use是被动关系,应用被动语态。故将use改为used。3.考查代词。句意:当你说某人任性的时候,你的意思是他们会为所欲为。根据下文“youmeanth
at…”可知,这句话主语应用you。故将we改为you。4.考查时态。句意:当你说某人任性的时候,你的意思是他们会为所欲为。这篇文章主要使用一般现在时,且此句描述的是客观情况。故将liked改为like。5.考查介词。句意:“秒杀”一词最早来自网上购物,意思是你可以比别人先完成
购物订单。分析句意可知,此处为词汇的来源,使用comefrom意为“来自”,是固定搭配。故将on改为from。6.考查代词。句意:“秒杀”一词最早来自网上购物,意思是你可以比别人先完成购物订单。此处泛指“其他人”,应用others,相当于ot
her+复数名词。故将other改为others。7.考查副词。句意:但是现在当你在很短的时间内达到你的目的时,它被广泛使用。此处用来修饰动词used,应用副词。故将wide改为widely。8.考查冠词。句意:但是现在当你在很短的时间内达到你的目
的时,它被广泛使用。泛指“很短的一段时间”应用不定冠词,very以辅音音素开头,应用a。故将the改为a。9.考查时态。句意:如果你形容某人是土豪,你的意思是他很有钱。分析句子结构可知,此句为if条件句,应用一般现在时表示一般将来时。故w
ill多余,应去掉。10.考查连词。句意:继续学习,你会对我们的语言和文化了解得更多。此处考查“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型。故在you前面添加and。第二节书面表达82.培养孩子的兴趣爱好是非常必要的,但现在有很多家长一味
地追求子女的多才多艺,迫使孩子学习他们不感兴趣的东西,请你以大约120个词谈谈对这种现象的看法,内容包括:(1)你是否赞同上述家长的做法;(2)以你或你朋友的经历说明你的观点;(3)呼吁家长们要尊重孩子的意愿。_______________________________________
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_____________【答案】Today’schildrenareluckytohavemanyopportunitiestodeveloptheirtalents.Butontheotherhand,alotofp
arentspushtheirchildrentoohard.Inthatcase,Idon'tenvythem.Itistruethatgoodhobbiesmakelifemorecolorfulandenjoyable.However,thingsaredifferentifchild
rentakenointerestinthe"hobby"thattheirparentschooseforthem.Withoutinterestasmotivation,theyfinditaburdenratherthanahobby.My6-year-oldneighbor
oftencrieswhilepracticingthepiano.Sheisbusieronweekendsthanonweekdaysbecauseshehastoattendmanyextracurricularactiviti
es.Hermothercomplainsthatsheevensleepsinclass.Therefore,parentsshouldseethebadeffectsfromtheirover-efforttocultivatechildren’stalents
.Parentsaresupposedtohelpchildrenlearnwhattheyareinterestedin.Onlyinthiswaycantheylearnwellandbehappy!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对“现在有很多家长一味地追求子女的多才多艺,迫
使孩子学习他们不感兴趣的东西”这一现象,做出评论并发表自己的看法。【详解】第一步:审题体裁:应用文时态:根据提示,时态应为一般现在时结构:总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说,把支持句作为分说,并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求:1
.你是否赞同上述家长的做法;2.以你或你朋友的经历说明你的观点;3.呼吁家长们要尊重孩子的意愿。第二步:列提纲(重点词组)beluckytodosth.;developone’stalents;takenointerestin;extracurr
icularactivities;besupposedtodosth.;beinterestedin第三步:连词成句1.Today’schildrenareluckytohavemanyopportunitiestodevelopthei
rtalents.2.However,thingsaredifferentifchildrentakenointerestinthe"hobby"thattheirparentschooseforthe
m.3.Sheisbusieronweekendsthanonweekdaysbecauseshehastoattendmanyextracurricularactivities.4.Parentsaresupposedtohelpchildrenlearnwha
ttheyareinterestedin.(根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。)第四步:连句成篇(衔接词)1.表文章结构顺序:Firstofall,Firstly/First,Seco
ndly/Second…Andthen,Finally,Intheend,Atlast,Lastbutnotleast2.表并列补充关系:Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,Inadd
ition,Aswellas,notonly…but(also),including,also3.表转折对比关系:However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause(从句),
Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…4.表因果关系:Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult5表换一种方式表
达:Inotherwords,thatistosay,6.表进行举例说明:Forexample;Forinstance;suchas+n/doing7.表陈述事实:Infact,franklyspeaking8.表选择:either…or…,or连句成
文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰。第五步:润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整,结构严谨,要点全面,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句,如Itistruethatgoodho
bbiesmakelifemorecolorfulandenjoyable这句话中用了that引导的主语从句(It作形式主语),thingsaredifferentifchildrentakenointerestinthe"hobby"thattheirparent
schooseforthem这句话中用了that引导的定语从句(the"hobby"是先行词);使用了非常好的短语,如beluckytodosth.,developone’stalents,extracurricularactivities,besu
pposedtodosth.等,为文章增色不少;并注意了句子的衔接,如But,However,Therefore等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色
添彩。