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上海市实验学校2021学年第二学期高三四月月考英语卷1、考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2、试卷分为I卷和Ⅱ卷，全卷共14页(试题部分11页、答题部分3页)。3、所有选择题和语法题均在问卷星上完成，并及时提交。4、概要、翻译和作文写在答题纸上

，拍照后上传至QQ群英语作业。ListeningComprehension(25%)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atth

eendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce

.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichon

eisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.At10:00.B.Around9:00.C.At8:00D.Around7:00.2.A.Onaplane.B.Onatrain.C.

Atarestaurant.D.Atatravelagency.3.A.Shopassistantandcustomer.B.Shopassistantandhermanager.C.Shopassistantandherfather.D.Customerandtailor.4.A.Shewrot

eitlastsemester.B.She’llfinishitverysoon.C.Sheneverdoesassignmentsearly.D.Sheisn’tgoingtowriteit.5.A.Sheshouldworkinthesummerschool.B.Shesh

ouldn’tgotoNewYorkinsummer.C.Shemaynotwanttodoso.D.Shemayhavedifficultyindoingso.6.A.Spendmoretimeonthecourse.B.Turntothegraduateassistantforh

elp.C.Dropthelessonassoonaspossible.D.Helpthegraduateassistantwiththelesson7.A.Theyshouldbuyalotofmilk.B.Thesupermarketisn’tgoingtobeclosed

.C.Milkisoutofstockinthesupermarket.D.Theyshouldwaitforabetterdealonmilk.8.A.$15.B.$10.C.$30D.$50.9.A.Thewomandoesn’tknowhowthecalculator

works.B.Thewomanshouldenterthenumberinadifferentorder.C.Thecalculatorneedsanewbattery.D.Thebatteryisnotcorrectlyp

ositioned.10.A.Themanistooforgetful.B.Themanshouldn’tgetannoyed.C.Themanhastoomanykeys.D.Themanshouldattendmorelessons.SectionBDire

ctions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesand

theconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaque

stion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13ar

ebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Totakemedicine.B.Tosleepmore.C.Toworkless.D.Togotravelling.12.A.Theyar

enotharmfultothebrain.B.Theyhavemorebenefitsthanharm.C.Theyarenotworththepriceatall.D.Theyarevaluablebutcostly.13A.Theydamageaper

son’smentalhealth.B.Theyreduceaperson’schanceofrecovery.C.Theyslowdownaperson’sreactiontochanges.D.Th

eyworsenaperson’sexistingtrouble.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Asuitcase.B.AwoolenblanketC.Analarmclock.D.Ashirt.15.A.Alarm

clocksarenotallowedonboard.B.Thespeakerhadatimebombinthesuitcase.C.Thetickingnoiseoftheclockcausedhimthetrouble.D.Theairlineofficialandthepoli

ceofficerplayedajokeonhim.16.A.Heforgotoneofhissuitcases.B.Hewantedtogetouttosmoke.C.Hehadlosthiscellphone.D.

Hewasaskedtogetoff.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation..17.A.Swimming.B.Skateboarding.C.Hiking.D.Sk

iing.18.A.Becausetheconditionoftheroadsurfacemaybedangerous.BBecausetheequipmentcanshowone’ssportscapability.C.Becausetheequipmentis

notexpensivetopurchase.D.Becausetherulesofthesportsrequireonetodoso.19.A.Tosolvehistrafficproblems.B.Tomakehislifemorefun.C.

Tofinishhiswork.D.Toentertainyoungpeople.20.A.Neitherisinteresting.B.Neitherispopular.C.Bothareexcitingyetdangerous.D.Botharec

onvenientyetboring.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallyco

rrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useone

wordthatbestfitseachblank.U.S.researchershavefoundtracesofanancientlakeonMarsrecently,increasinghopesofdiscoveringevidence____1____billions

ofyearsagotheRedplanethostedlife.“Thelakeappears_____2_____(cover)asmuchas80squaremilesandwasupto1,500feetdeep,”saidtheteamfromth

eUniversityofColorado.“ThisisthefirstclearevidenceofshorelinesonthesurfaceofMars,”saidBoulder’sresearchassociate,GaetanoDiAchille,inastudypubl

ishedinthelatesteditionofGeophysicalResearchLetters.“Theidentificationoftheshorelinesand_____3_____(accompany)geologicalevidenceallowustoca

lculatethesizeandvolumeofthelake,whichprobably_____4_____(date)fromsome3.4billionyearsago.”Analysisoftheimageshasshownthat

thewatercarvedoutthecanyoninwhichitwasfound,____5____thenopenedoutintoavalleydepositingsediment(沉积物)whichfor

medadelta.“Findingshorelinesisagreatdiscoverytous,”saidassistantprofessorBrianHynek,addingitshowedthatthelake____6____(exis

t)atatimewhenMarswasthoughttohavebeencoldanddry.ThesciencefieldbelievesthattheoldestsurfacesonMarsform

edduringthewetandwarmera____7____(know)astheNoachanepoch,about4.1billionto3.7billionyearsago.Thenewlydiscoveredlakeisbel

ievedtodatefromtheHsperianeraandpostdatestheendofthewarmandwetperiodonMars____8____300millionyears,accordingtothestudy.Scientistsbeli

evedeltasnexttothelake____9____holdsecretsaboutpastlifeonMars_____10_____suchplacesonEarthhavebecomet

henatural.depositsoforganiccarbonandothermarkersoflife.【1~10题答案】【答案】1.that2.tohavecovered3.accompanying4.dates5.which6.existed7.known8.by9.

may/might/can/could10.because/as/since【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。介绍了此次火星上关于湖泊的惊喜发现。【1题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：美国研究人员日前在火星上发现了一个古老湖泊的痕迹。这使人们在该红色星球上发现数十亿年前

生命迹象的希望大大增强。空前evidence（证据）是一个名词，后面从句结构完整，这里是对evidence的解释说明，所以是同位语从句，从句结构完整，故填that。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个湖似乎占地有80平方英里，深达

1500英尺。固定搭配appeartodo译为“似乎，好像做某事”；再根据下文“lake,whichprobablydatesfromsome3.4billionyearsago.”（这个湖可能已经距今34亿年了

）可知，这个湖现在还在，已经持续了很久了，符合动词不定式完成时态用法，故填tohavecovered。【3题详解】考查形容词。句意：湖岸线以及其它地质证据的发现，使我们可以计算湖泊的大小和容积。这个湖泊距今约有34亿年历史。accompany（伴随）是一个

动词，在句中没有能和它搭配的逻辑主语，所以这里要考虑其它词性。后面的geologicalevidence（地质证据）是名词，那么这里需要有一个形容词来修饰。故填accompanying。【4题详解】考查

主谓一致。句意：湖岸线以及其它地质证据的发现，使我们可以计算湖泊的大小和容积。这个湖泊距今约有34亿年历史。从句缺少主语，主语主句中的lake（湖），这里是单数形式；再根据本句主句用的是一般现在时态，而且讲述的是一个事实，所以从句也使用一般现在时态

，故填dates。【5题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：对成像的分析显示，水流冲刷出了一条溪谷，这条溪谷与一个山谷相连，流水沉积物还形成一个的三角洲。从句结构不完整，缺失主语，前面有逗号，这是非限制性定语从句

，先行词是canyon（溪谷）是指代物的，故填which。【6题详解】考查时态。句意：研究表明湖泊存在于人们所认为的火星寒冷干旱期。exist（存在）是一个动词，从句中的主句没有谓语动词，所以这里需要谓语动词形式。主句时态是一般过去时态，所以从句也使用一般过去时态

，故填existed。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家认为，火星最古老的表面是在温暖湿润的被称之为Noachan时代形成的，距今约41亿到37亿年。know（知道）是一个动词，从句中已经有了谓语动词for

med（形成），所以这里是非谓语动词形式；再根据固定搭配“beknownas”译为（作为...而出名）可知，这里需要的是know的过去分词形式，表被动。故填known。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：该研究表明，最新发现的这一湖泊是在赫斯伯利亚

纪时期形成的，比火星温暖湿润季的结束还晚3亿年。根据上文“ThesciencefieldbelievesthattheoldestsurfacesonMarsformedduringthewetandwarmeraknownastheNoachanepoch,about

4.1billionto3.7billionyearsago.”（科学家认为，火星最古老的表面是在温暖湿润的被称之为Noachan时代形成的，距今约41亿到37亿年。）以及“thelake,whichprobablydatesfromsome3.4billiony

earsago.”（这个湖可能距今34亿年）可知，最古老的表面发现是距今41亿到37亿年，而这个湖泊发现是距今34亿年，所以相比来说还要晚3亿年，固定搭配“by+时间”表示“晚于…”，故填by。【9题详解】考查情态动词。句意：科学家认为，湖泊附近的三角洲可能完好地保存有生命存在的

秘密，因为地球上类似的三角洲也是有机碳和其它生命标志物的天然寄存地。根据本句句意可知，科学家是进行的推测，所以这里想要表示的是“可能，应该”，故填may/might/can/could。【10题详解】考查连词。句意：科学家认为，湖泊附近的三

角洲可能完好地保存有生命存在的秘密，因为地球上类似的三角洲也是有机碳和其它生命标志物的天然寄存地。根据本句句意可知，后面的句子想要说的就是“这个秘密的原因”是什么，所以用连词引导原因状语从句，故填becaus

e/as/since。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A

.non-existentB.ideaC.frustratedD.surgeE.applicationF.instantlyG.repetitiveH.timelyI.considerationJ.swollenK.fa

ultBeinganinformationtechnology,orIT,workerisnotajobIenvy.Theyaretheoneswho,rightinthemiddleofacritical

meeting,areexpectedto____11____fixtheprojectorthat’snolongerworking.Theyhavetotoleratethebadtempersofcolleagues____12____atthenumberoftime

sthey’vehadtocallthehelpdeskforthesameissue.Theyarealsotheoneswhoknowtherearesystemsthataremorepowerful,reliableandfaster

,buttheiremployersimplywillnotputupthefundstobuythem.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,employeeswhohaveajobreliantonITsupportconsiderITamajorso

urceofjobdissatisfaction.Thoughno____13____oftheirown,theycansuddenlyfindtheirproductivitydeterioratingorq

ualitycontrol____14____.Andthere’slittletheycandoaboutit.TheexperienceofusingITpenetrates(渗透)almosttheentireworkfield.Ithasbeco

meacrucialpartofemployees’overallworkexperience.WhenITisoperatingasitshould,employeeself-confidenceswells.Theirjobsatisfaction,too,

can____15____whenwell-functioningmachinesrelievethemofdulltasksor____16____processes.Butifthere’sonethingthattriggerswidespreadem

ployeefrustration,it’sanITtransformationprojectgonewrong,where____17____-expectationshavebeenpoppedandalonglistofpromisedeff

iciencieshavebeenreversed.ThisoccurswhenbusinessleadersimplementITinitiativeswithlittle____18____ofhowthosechange

swillimpacttheenduser,whichiswhymanagersshouldappreciatejusthowinfluentialtheITuserexperienceistotheiremployees,andexertsubstanti

aleffortinensuringtheirITteameliminatesprogrammingerrorsand____19____crashes.Adequateand_____20_____ITsupportshouldalso

beavailabletoenableuserstocopewithtechnologicalissuesatwork.Moreimportantly,ITpractitionersneedtounderstandwhatemployeesexperienceme

ntallywhentheyuseIT.Therefore,businessesneedtosetuptheirITinfrastructuresothatitisdesignedtofitinwiththeiremployees’work,rathertha

nadjusttheirwoktofitinwiththecompany’sITlimitations.【11~20题答案】【答案】11.F12.C13.K14.A15.D16.G17.J18.I19.E20

.H【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了信息技术工作者的工作幸福值很低。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：他们在开一个关键会议，而不得不马上去修复投影仪的技术人员。根据空后的“fixtheprojector”可知，

此处应填副词修饰动词fix，且此处意为“立刻，马上”，故选instantly,符合句意。故选F。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们必须忍受同事的坏脾气，因为他们为同一问题打电话给服务台的次数太多而感到沮丧。根据空前名词colleagues可知，此处应填形

容词做colleagues的后置定语，frustrated“沮丧的”符合句意，故选frustrated，故选C。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：尽管不是他们自己的错，他也会突然发现自己工作效率降低以及无法控制产品

质量。根据空后的“oftheirown”可知，此处应填名词，且此处意为“他们自己的错误”，故选fault，符合句意。故选K。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管不是他们自己的错，他也会突然发现自己工作效率降低以及无法控制产品质量。根据空前的名词短

语“qualitycontrol”可知，此处应填形容词修饰qualitycontrol，且此处意为“无法控制质量”，故应选non-existent“不存在的”作宾语补足语，故选A。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：当运行无误的机器减轻了他们的工作无聊的任务以及重复的过程时，他们会感到满

足。根据空前情态动词can可知，此处应填动词，且此处意为“他们的幸福感会出现”，故选surge“出现”，故选D。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：当运行无误的机器减轻了他们的工作无聊的任务以及重复的过程时，他们会感到满足。根据空后的名词“processes”可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词，且

此处意为“反复的工作程序”，故应填repetitive“重复的，反复的”，故选G。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：但是如果有一件事会引起技术人员的不开心，那就是信息技术转换项目出错，过高的预期已经破灭。根据空后的名词expe

ctations可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词，且此处意为“过高的预期”，故选swollen“肿胀的，上涨的”符合句意，故选J。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：当业务领导者实施IT计划时，很少考虑这些更改将如何影响最终用户，这就是为什么管理者应该意识到IT用户体验对其员工的影响，并尽最大努

力确保其IT团队消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃。根据空前的“little”以及空后的“of”可知，此处应填名词，且此处意为“没有考虑到”，故选consideration“考虑”符合句意，故选I。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：当业务领导者实施IT计

划时，很少考虑这些更改将如何影响最终用户，这就是为什么管理者应该意识到IT用户体验对其员工的影响，并尽最大努力确保其IT团队消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃。根据空后的“crash”可知，此处应填修饰crash的词，此处可用名词application修饰crash，

applicationcrash意为“程序崩溃”，故选application，故选E。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：还应提供充分和及时的IT支持，以使用户能够处理工作中的技术问题。。根据空“shouldalsobeavailabletoenableuserstocop

ewithtechnologicalissuesatwork”以及空后的ITsupport可知，此处应填形容词，且此处意为“及时的帮助”，故选timely，故选H。III.ReadingComprehensi

onSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblank

withthewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Fromchildhoodtooldage,wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledg

eofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst____21____,theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethis____22____tool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped,thepossib

ilitiesforhumankind’sfutureattainmentsandculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis____23____forourabilitytoproduceandusel

anguage.Theyclaimthatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesuswithinnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower____24____.Prop

onentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour____25____forlanguageisinborn,butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually,____26____afunctionofthegrowtho

fthebrainduringchildhood.Therefore,therearecritical____27____timesforlanguagedevelopment.Current____28____ofinnatenesstheoryaremixed,however,evid

encesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.____29____,moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignl

anguagesarebesttaughtinthelowergrades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeingexposedtothem,whileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearningan

otherlanguageoncethe____30____oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed.Althoughsomeaspectsoflanguageareundeniab

lyinnate,languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeenisolatedfromotherhumanbeingsdonot

____31____language.Thisdemonstratesthatinteractionwithotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryfor____32____languagedevelopment.S

omelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage____33____thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheo

ristsviewlanguageas____34____,learnedbehavior.____35____,childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’sl

anguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.21.A.originatedB.evolvedC.bornD.generated22.A.appropriateB

.valuableC.reliableD.favorite23.A.essentialB.availableC.convenientD.responsible24.A.organizationsB.organismsC.humansD.childr

en25.A.potentialB.performanceC.preferenceD.passion26.A.asB.justasC.likeD.unlike27.A.ideologicalB.biolo

gicalC.socialD.psychological28.A.reviewsB.referencesC.reactionsD.recommendations29.A.InawordB.InasenseC.IndeedD.Inconsequence30.A.regulat

ionsB.formationsC.rulesD.constitutions31.A.understandB.speakC.possessD.interpret32.A.rightB.properC.accura

teD.suitable33.A.appreciationB.acquisitionC.requirementD.alternative34.A.imitativeB.communicativeC.initiativeD.accumulative35.A.AsaresultB.A

fterallC.AboveallD.Inotherwords【21~35题答案】【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.B25.A26.A27.B28.A29.C30.C31.C32.B33.B34.A35.D【解析

】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了语言在人类进化过程中的形成以及与人类成长的关系。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人类刚开始进化的时候，他们就像刚出生的孩子一样，不能使用这个有价值的工具。A.o

riginated起源；B.evolved进化；C.born出生；D.generated产生；根据下文“theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethistool（他们就像刚出生的孩子，不能使用这个工具）”说像刚出生的孩子，所以表示人类进化之初；故选B。【

22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当人类刚开始进化的时候，他们就像刚出生的孩子一样，不能使用这个有价值的工具。A.appropriate合适的；B.valuable有价值的；C.reliable可靠的；D.favorite最喜欢的；根据上文“Fromchildhood

tooldage,wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus（从童年到老年，我们都用语言来拓宽我们对自己和周围世界的认识）”

可知，语言这种工具非常重要即有价值；故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多语言学家认为，进化是我们产生和使用语言能力的原因。A.essential必要的；B.available可用的，可获得的C.convenient方便的，便利的D.responsible作为缘由的，有责任的；

根据下文“Theyclaimthatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesuswithinnatelanguageability（他们声称，我们高度进化的大脑为我们提供了先天的语言能力）”；可知，这句话再解

释语言形成的原因-大脑进化；故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们声称，我们高度进化的大脑为我们提供了与生俱来的语言能力，这是低等生物所没有的。A.organizations组织；B.orga

nisms生物体；C.humans人类；D.children孩子；根据句式结构可知“notfound是非谓语作定语修饰innatelanguageability（天生的语言能力）”这种能力是人类这种高级动物才具有的。故

选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种先天理论的支持者说，我们的语言潜能是天生的。A.potential潜力；B.performance表现，表演；C.preference喜好，倾向；D.passion激情；根据下文“b

utthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的）”可知语言有潜力，才能慢慢发展。故选A。【26题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但语言本身是逐渐发展的，是童年时期大脑发育的一个功能。A.as作为；B

.justas就像；C.like像；D.unlike不像；根据前句“butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的）”，以及下文“afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood（这是

儿童时期大脑发育的一个功能）”可知，语言逐渐发展，变成儿童的大脑功能；故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，语言发展有关键的生物学时期。A.ideological思想体系的；B.biological生物的；C.social社交

的；D.psychological心理的，精神的；根据上文“butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually,afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的，这是儿童时期大脑发育

的一个功能）”可知，语言在儿童时期发展，儿童时期属于生物学时期；故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前对先天理论的评论是混杂的，A.reviews评论；B.references参考；C.reactions反应；D.recommendations推荐；根据下文“however,

evidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable（然而，支持某些先天能力存在的证据是不可否认的）”由连词however可知，上下句是转折关系；所以设空处是人们对先天理论的观点；故选A。【29题详解】考查介词短语词

义辨析。句意：事实上，越来越多的学校发现，外语最好在低年级教授。A.Inaword简言之；B.Inasense在某种意义上；C.Indeed实际上；D.Inconsequence因此，结果；根据下文“moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatfore

ignlanguagesarebesttaughtinthelowergrades.（越来越多的学校发现，外语最好在低年级教。）”可知，这一观点与上文“However,evidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniabl

e（然而，支持某些先天能力存在的证据是不可否认的）”这一观点是相反的，并开始进一步说明；故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：而成年人一旦他们的第一语言规则已经固定下来，学习另一种语言就会困难得多。A.regula

tions法规；B.formations信息；C.rules规则；D.constitutions章程；根据上文“Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeingexposedtothem（小孩子经常可

以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知，儿童学习获得语言能力，而语言学习需要学习其规则；故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与他人隔离的儿童没有语言能力。A.understand理解；B.speak说；C.possess拥有；D.interpret打断；根据上文“Youngchildr

enoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeingexposedtothem（小孩子经常可以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知儿童通过学习获得语言的能力；故选C。【32题详解】考

查形容词词义辨析。句意：这表明，与他人的互动是语言发展的必要条件。A.right正确的；B.proper真正的；C.accurate精确地；D.suitable适宜的，合适的；根据上文“Childrenwhohavebeenisolatedfromotherhumanb

eingsdonotpossesslanguage.（与他人隔离的儿童没有语言能力。）”可知，只有与人沟通儿童才能或者语言能力；即学会真正的语言；故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些语言学家

认为，这是人类语言习得的基础，比任何先天能力都要重要。A.appreciation欣赏；B.acquisition习得；C.requirement要求；D.alternative选择；根据上文“Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeingex

posedtothem（小孩子经常可以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知，儿童学习语言；即这一能力是习得性技能；故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些理论家认为语言是模仿的、习得的行为。A.imitative

效仿的；B.communicative爱说话的；C.initiative主动的；D.accumulative积累的；根据下文“childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.（孩子们通过模仿父母来学习语言。）”可知，儿童通过模仿学习别人获

得语言能力；故选A。【35题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：换句话说，孩子通过模仿父母来学习语言。A.Asaresult结果；B.Afterall毕竟；C.Aboveall首先；D.Inotherwords换句话说；根据上文“Thesetheoristsview

languageasimitative,learnedbehavior.（这些理论家认为语言是模仿的、习得的行为。）”以及下文“childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimit

atingthem.（孩子们通过模仿父母来学习语言。）”可知，两句都是同义句；故选D。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfi

nishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepa

ssageyouhaveread.(A)I’musuallyfairlyskepticalaboutanyresearchthatconcludesthatpeopleareeitherhappierorunhappierormoreorlessc

ertainofthemselvesthantheywere50yearsago.Whileanyofthesestatementsmightbetrue,theyarepracticallyimpossibletoprovescientifical

ly.Still,Iwasstruckbyareportwhichconcludedthattoday’schildrenaresignificantlymoreanxiousthanchildreninthe1950s.Infact,theanalysisshowed,normalchild

renaged9to17exhibitahigherlevelofanxietytodaythanchildrenwhoweretreatedformentalillness50yearsago.WhyareAmerica’skidssostressed?Thereportcitestwom

aincauses:increasingphysicalisolation—broughtonbyhighdivorceratesandlessinvolvementincommunity—andagrowingperceptionth

attheworldisamoredangerousplace.Consideringthatwecan’tturntheclockback,adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgeneration.Atthetopofthel

istisnurturingabetterappreciationofthelimitsofindividualism.Nochildisanisland.Strengtheningsocialtieshelpsbuildcommunitiesandprotectindivi

dualsagainststress.Tohelpkidsbuildstrongerconnectionswithothers,youcanpulltheplugonTVsandcomputers.You

rfamilywillthankyoulater.Theywillhavemoretimeforface-to-facerelationships,andtheywillgetmoresleep.Limittheamountofvirtualviolenceyourchil

drenareexposedto.It’snotjustvideogames,moviesandmobilephones;childrenseealotofmurderandcrimeonthelocalnews.Keepyourexpectationsforyour

childrenreasonable.ManyhighlysuccessfulpeopleneverattendedHarvardorYale.Makeexercisepartofyourdailyroutine.Itw

illhelpyoucopewithyourownanxietiesandprovideagoodmodelforyourkids.Sometimesanxietyisunavoidable.Butitdoesn’thavetoruinyourlife.36.Accordi

ngtoananalysis,comparedwithnormalchildrentoday,childrentreatedasmentallyill50yearsago________.A.wereprobablylessse

lf-centeredB.werelessisolatedphysicallyC.wereconsideredlessindividualisticD.probablysufferedlessfromanxiety37.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesays,“

wecan’tturntheclockback”(Line1Para.3)?A.It’simpossibletoforgetthepast.B.It’simpossibletoslowdownthepaceofchange.C.Lessonslear

nedfromthepastshouldnotbeforgotten.DThesocialrealitychildrenarefacingcannotbechanged.38.Thefirstandmostimportantthingparentsshou

lddotohelptheirchildrenis________.A.togetthemmoreinvolvedinsocietyB.tosetagoodmodelforthemtofollowC.tolowertheirexpectationsforthefuture

D.toprovidethemwithasaferenvironment39.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?A.Children’sanxietyisnotsoseriousasitseems.B.Anxiety,thoug

hunavoidable,canbecopedwith.C.Children’sanxietycanbeeliminatedwithmoreparentalcare.D.Anxiety,ifproperlycontrolled,mayhelpchildrenbe

comemature.【36~39题答案】【答案】36.D37.D38.A39.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要讲了现在的孩子比50年前的孩子压力大，要缓解这种情况，需要加强孩子的社团的联系，尽量减少个人主义，让他们更多的融入社会，减少他们接触暴力

的可能，定期的锻炼身体也可以缓解压力。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第一段的“Iwasstruckbyareportwhichconcludedthattoday'schildrenaresigni

ficantlymoreanxiousthanchildreninthe1950s.(我被一篇报道所震惊，报道总结了现在的孩子比20世纪50年代的孩子有更大的焦虑)”可知，根据一项分析，与今天的正常儿童相比，50年前被视为精神疾病的儿童可能较少焦虑

。故选D。.【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据文中第二段的“Thereportcitestwomaincauses:increasingphysicalisolation—broughtonbyhighdivorceratesa

ndlessinvolvementincommunity—andagrowingperceptionthattheworldisamoredangerousplace.(这篇报道引证了两个主要原因：由高离婚率所带来的孤独以及世界是一个更加危险的地方。)”以及第三

段“Consideringthatwecan’tturntheclockback,adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgeneration.(考虑到我们无法让时光倒流，成年人仍然可以帮助下一代应对未来。)”可知，因为现在的离婚率较高以及世界比之前更危险的状况，尽

管我们无法改变这种状况，但是仍然可以帮助他们，故这里的turnclockback指的是孩子们面临的无法改变的现实，故选D。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Atthetopofthelistisnurturingabetterapprec

iationofthelimitsofindividualism.Nochildisanisland.Strengtheningsocialtieshelpsbuildcommunitiesandprotectindividua

lsagainststress.(最应该要做的就是培养对个人主义局限性的更好认知。没有哪个孩子是一座孤岛。加强社会关系能帮助构建社区并且帮助个人对抗压力。)”可知，最重要的是要让孩子融入社会。故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Consideringth

atwecan’tturntheclockback,adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgeneration.(考虑到我们无法让时光倒流，成年人仍然可以帮助下一代应对未来。)”可知，尽管现在孩子的焦虑是无法避免的，但是

成年人可以帮助他们应对一些这些问题。故选B。(B)ExploresomeofNewZealand’sbestskiing&snowboardingfield.Whateveryourability,Cardronahasthesnowforyou!The2021winterseas

onrunsfromJune16–October14,2021.HalfDay&1DayliftpassesaresplitintoPeak&OffPeakpricing:Peak-July,August&SeptemberOffPeak-Jun

e&October*Halfdaypasses:8.30a.m.–12.30p.m.morning,12.30p.m.–4p.m.afternoon*RockyMountainSuperPassholdersmu

stbooklodgingwithCardronatobeeligibleforfreedaypasses.Pleaseemailreservations@cardrona.comwithanaccommodat

ionbookingrequest&theliftticketbenefitrequest.WhatpassamIeligiblefor?Readourliftpassdefinitionsbelowtofindout.*Multipassesarevalidf

orbothconsecutive&non-consecutivedays&canbeusedanytimethroughoutthe2021winterseasonatCardronaonly.Yourliftpa

sswillbestoredonanelectronicRFIDpass.Tomakethemostofyourcleverpass,activateyourpersonalprofileonline.Onceyou’reloggedintoyourpro

fileyoucan:▪Topupyourcardwithliftpasses,rentalgear,lift&rentalpackagesandlessons.▪Keeptrackofyouron-slopes

tatisticsatCardrona(daysspent,runcount,activitiestaken,etc.)DefinitionsforLiftPasses:Student:18+yrsenrolledfulltime(minimum32weeksinaca

lendaryear)withaNewZealandorAustraliantertiaryinstitution.StudentID&proofoffulltimestatus(letterfrominstitution)isrequired.IDcardmustbeinEnglish&inc

ludeavalidexpirydate.Child:Currentlyattendingschool,6-17yrsinclusive.Kidsunder6skiforfreeinwinter,&kidsunder9bikeforfreeinsum

mer!PhotoIDwillberequired.Senior:65–74yrsofage.PhotoIDwillberequired.Under6yrs&75Years+:Under6yrs&over75yrs,asatJun

e1,2021,skiforfree.Pleasecollectacomplimentaryliftpassfromtheticketoffice.PhotoIDwillberequired.40.Afteractivationofyouronlineprofile,whatc

anyoudotomaximizethevalueofyourpass?A.YoucanmonitorwhatactivitiesyouhavedoneatCardrona.B.YoucanstoreyourliftpassonanelectronicRFIDpass.C.Youcanopenu

ptheonlineaccountofyourcleverpass.D.Youcanparticipateinmosttutorlessonswithoutanycharge.41.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordi

ngtothepassage?A.Cardronaisonlyopentothosewhoareskilledatsnowingorskiing.B.OnecangetinCardronafrom8.30a.m.to4p.m.w

ith1DayPeakpass.C.AnyonewithRockyMountainSuperPasscanhavefreeaccesstoCardrona.D.Thosewith1DayOffPeakpassareentitledtoski

atCardronaonOct.24th.42.HowmuchwilltheHalfDayPeakpassescostforafamilyoftwoparents,one12-year-oldboy,onefreshmanatAucklandUni

versity,one5yearsold,andonegrandmotherof76?A.$270B.$275C.$295D.$320【40~42题答案】【答案】40.A41.B42.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文

。主要介绍了卡德罗纳滑雪场的具体信息。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据“Tomakethemostofyourcleverpass,activateyourpersonalprofileonline.Onceyo

u’reloggedintoyourprofileyoucan:▪Topupyourcardwithliftpasses,rentalgear,lift&rentalpackagesandlessons.▪Keeptrackofyouron-slopestatistic

satCardrona(daysspent,runcount,activitiestaken,etc.)”（为了充分利用你的智能通行证，激活你的个人网上资料。一旦你登录了你的资料，你就可以：使用电梯通行证、租赁设备、电梯和租赁套餐以及课

程为您的卡充值，记录您再卡德罗纳滑雪场的斜坡统计数据（花费的天数、跑步的次数、参加的活动等等）。）可知，在登录个人信息之后，我们可以去看到自己在滑雪场的数据了，故选A。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据“Ha

lfdaypasses:8.30a.m.–12.30p.m.morning,12.30p.m.–4p.m.afternoon”（半天时间：早上八点半到中午十二点半，下午十二点半到四点）可知，从早上8:30到下午4:00可以进入达卡德罗纳，只需要一天的高峰通行证，故选B。【42题详解】细节

理解题。根据价格表“HalfDayPeakpasses”信息，“Child:Currentlyattendingschool,6-17yrsinclusive”（孩子：目前在校，6-17岁），“Under6yrs&over75yrs,asat

June1,2021,skiforfree.”（6岁以下，75岁以上，滑雪免费）以及题目中的人物信息可知，afamilyoftwoparents是指两个成年人，价格是85×2=170；one12-year-oldboy是一个孩子，价格50；

onefreshmanatAucklandUniversity是一个学生，价格75；one5yearsold,andonegrandmotherof76是免费的，所以总共是170+50+75=295，故选C。(C)Fa

cingwatershortagesandescalatingfertilizercosts,farmersindevelopingcountriesareusingrawsewage(下水道污水)toirr

igateandfertilizenearly49millionacresofcropland,accordingtoanewreport—anditmaynotbeabadthing.Whilethepracticecarriesserioushealthrisksforma

ny,thosedangersareoutweighedbythesocialandeconomicgainsforpoorurbanfarmersandconsumerswhoneedaffordablefood.“Thereisalargepotentialforwastewat

eragriculturetobothhelpandhurtgreatnumbersofurbanconsumers,”saidLiqaRaschid-Sally,wholedthestudy.Thereportfocusedonpoor

urbanareas,wherefarmsinornearcitiessupplyrelativelyinexpensivefood.Mostoftheseoperationsdrawirrigationwaterfromlocal

riversorlakes.Unlikedevelopedcities,however,theseareaslackadvancedwater-treatmentfacilities,andriversef

fectivelybecomesewers(下水道).Whenthiswaterisusedforagriculturalirrigation,farmersriskabsorbingdisease-causingbacteri

a,asdoconsumerswhoeattheproducerawandunwashed.Nearly2.2millionpeopledieeachyearbecauseofdiarrhea-related(与腹泻相关的)diseases,accordi

ngtoWHOstatistics.Morethan80%ofthosecasescanbeattributedtocontactwithcontaminatedwaterandalackofpropersanitation.ButPayDrechsel,anenvironmentalscie

ntist,arguesthatthesocialandeconomicbenefitsofusinguntreatedhumanwastetogrowfoodoutweighthehealthrisks.Thosedangerscanb

eaddressedwithfarmerandconsumereducation,hesaid,whilethefreewaterandnutrientsfromhumanwastecanhelpurbanfarmersindevelopingcountriestoescapepoverty.

Agricultureisawater-intensivebusiness,accountingfornearly70%ofglobalfreshwaterconsumption.Inpoor,dryregions,untreatedwastewateris

theonlyviableirrigationsourcetokeepfarmersinbusiness.Insomecases,waterissoscarcethatfarmersbreakopensewagepipe

stransportingwastetolocalrivers.Irrigationistheprimaryagriculturaluseofhumanwasteinthedevelopingworld.Butfrequentlyuntreatedhum

anwasteharvestedfromlavatoriesisdeliveredtofarmsandspreadasfertilizer.Inmostcases,thehumanwasteisusedongraincrops,whichareeventually

cooked,minimizingtheriskoftransmittingwater-bornediseases.Withfertilizerpricesjumpingnearly50%permetrictonoverthelastyeari

nsomeplaces,humanwasteisanattractive,andoftennecessary,alternative.Incaseswheresewagemudisused,expensivechemicalfertilizerusecan

beavoided.Themudcontainsthesamecriticalnutrients.“Overlystrictstandardsoftenfail,”JamesBartram,aWHOwater-healthexpert,said.“

Weneedtoacceptthatfactacrossmuchoftheplanet,sowastewithlittleornotreatmentwillbeusedinagricultureforgoodreason.”43.

Whatisthemainproblemcausedbytheuseofwastewaterforirrigation?A.Farmersandconsumersmaybeaffectedbyharmfulbacteria.B.Itwillmakethefarmproducel

esscompetitiveonthemarket.C.Itwilldriveproducersofchemicalfertilizersoutofbusiness.D.Riversandlakesnearbywillgraduallybecomecontamina

ted.44.WhatisenvironmentalscientistPayDrechsel’sattitudetowardstheuseofuntreatedhumanwasteinagriculture?A.Indifferent.B.Re

sponsible.C.Favorable.D.Skeptical.45.WhatdoesPayDrechselthinkoftherisksinvolvedinusinguntreatedhumanwa

steforfarming?A.Theycanbeaddressedbyimprovedsanitation.B.Theywillbeminimizedwithnewtechnology.C.Theyhavebeensomewhatexaggerated

.D.Theycanbedealtwiththrougheducation.46.WhatdowelearnaboutJamesBartram’spositionontheuseofhumanwasteforfarmin

g?A.HechallengesLiqaRaschid-Sally’sconclusion.B.Hedeemsitindispensableforcombatingglobalpoverty.C.HeechoesPayDrechsel’sopin

ionontheissue.D.Hethinksittheonlywayoutofthecurrentfoodcrisis.【43~46题答案】【答案】43.A44.C45.D46.C【解析】【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将污水用于农业灌溉可能会让农民和消费者受到有害细菌的影响，但相关专家认为这一问题可以通过教育解决，并认为将污水用于农业灌溉是可行的。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenthiswateri

susedforagriculturalirrigation,farmersriskabsorbingdisease-causingbacteria,asdoconsumerswhoeattheproducerawandunwashed.(当这些水被

用于农业灌溉时，农民和那些生吃未经清洗的农产品的消费者都面临着吸收致病细菌的风险)”可知，用污水灌溉造成的主要问题是农民和消费者可能会受到有害细菌的影响。故选A项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButPayDrechsel,anenvironm

entalscientist,arguesthatthesocialandeconomicbenefitsofusinguntreatedhumanwastetogrowfoodoutweighthehealthrisks

.(但是环境科学家佩·德雷塞尔(PayDrechsel)认为，使用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食，其社会和经济效益超过了健康风险)”可知，PayDrechsel认为用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食，效益高于风险，所以他对此持支持态度。故选C项。【45

题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thosedangerscanbeaddressedwithfarmerandconsumereducation,hesaid,whilethefreewaterandnutrientsfromhumanwastecanhelpur

banfarmersindevelopingcountriestoescapepoverty.(他说，这些危险可以通过对农民和消费者进行教育来解决，而人类排泄物中的免费水和营养物质可以帮助发展中国家的城市农民摆脱贫困)”可知，PayDrechsel

认为用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食带来的风险可以通过教育来解决。故选D项。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Overlystrictstandardsoftenfail,’JamesBartram,aWHOwater-healthexpert,said.‘Wenee

dtoacceptthatfactacrossmuchoftheplanet,sowastewithlittleornotreatmentwillbeusedinagricultureforgoodreason.’(世界

卫生组织水卫生专家巴特拉姆说，“过于严格的标准往往会失败。我们需要在地球的大部分地区接受这一事实，所以很少或没有处理的污水将有充分的理由用于农业。”)”可推知，JamesBartram也赞同将污水用于农业灌溉，所以他赞同PayDrechsel在这个问题上的观点。故选C项。Sect

ionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwom

oresentencesthanyouneed.Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,choosethebestanswersfromthesixstatement

saccordingtowhatyouhavejustread.YourIncredibleBrainPhysicistEmersonPughoncesaidthatifthehumanbrainweresosimpletha

twecouldunderstandit,wewouldbesosimplethatwecouldn’t.Thankfully,thecomplexityofbrainissogreatthatwearenotsimpl

eandneither,therefore,isthetaskofunderstandingit.___47___Ourlatestattempttocountthemsuggeststhereare75differenttypesintheneocortexalone,thea

rearesponsibleforourmostadvancedthoughtsandbehaviors.Thatisn’ttosayoureffortstoexplorethebrain’smysteriesareinvain.DespitePugh’sobservation,w

earealwayslearningmoreandmoreabouthowa1.5-kilogramlumpoftissuethatfluttersandcracklesinsideourskullcancomeupwithourmostelaborate―behaviors.____48

____Breakthroughsintheunderstandingofhowourbrainstitch(缝合)togetheroursenseofrealityareredefiningwhatitmeanstobecons

cious.Theyarealsohighlightingthepersistentpowerofthemind,eveninthecasesinwhichourbodieshideallsignsofawarenes

s.Wedon’tappeartobeheadingtowardsaworldofjarsfullofbrains,bodiesthrownaway,justyetthough.___49___Gutthinkingisnotjustacleverturnofphrase:microbesin

ourintestines(肠道)affectourriskforneurologicalconditions,andcaninfluenceourmoodandmentalhealth.Andwhenitcomestopreventingcognitivedecline,physica

lactivityiscrucial.Still,let’snotrejectasci-fifutureentirely―weknow,forinstance,thatmagneticstimulationcanhavemanyuses,fromtreatingdepres

siontosuperchargingourbrain’sprocessingpower,effectivelymakingussmarter.Thehumanbrainhasmanymorerevelationsinstore,andtheymayrequireust

orethinkoldideasorcorrectourassumptions.____50____Afterall,betweenourearsliesthemostcomplexobjectintheknow

nuniverse.A.Butthatshouldcomeasnosurprise.B.Ourbrain-bodyconnectionhasneverbeensostrong.CPugh’sclaimappearstobewidelychallengedamongsci

entificcircles.D.Yeteachnewinsightraisesmorequestions,whileitalsocastsage-oldproblemsinanewlight.E.Weseemtohavealongwaytogo

beforewewillbeabletoshedanyfurtherlightonthestructureofthebrain.F.However,itcanfeellikeanamazingachievementtoestablishevenbasicfacts,suchasho

wmanydifferentkindsofbraincellswehave.【47~50题答案】【答案】47.F48.D49.B50.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类不可思议的大脑的复杂性和

对其展开的研究。【详解】1.根据下文的“Ourlatestattempttocountthemsuggeststhereare75differenttypesintheneocortexalone,t

hearearesponsibleforourmostadvancedthoughtsandbehaviors.”（我们最新统计方法表明仅在新皮质就有75种，新皮质负责我们大多数先进的思想和行为）可知，设空出应讲

述对大脑进行研究后发现了很多不同种类和功能的细胞。F项“然而，即使是建立基本的事实，比如我们有多少不同种类的脑细胞，也会感觉是一个惊人的成就。”切合文意，选项中的“differentkindsofbrain

cells”呼应下文的“thereare75differenttypes”。故选F。2.根据上文“Thatisn’ttosayoureffortstoexplorethebrain’smysteriesareinvain.DespitePugh’sob

servation,wearealwayslearningmoreandmoreabouthowa1.5-kilogramlumpoftissuethatfluttersandcracklesinsideourskullcancomeupwithourmostelaborate―

behaviors.”（这并不是说我们探索大脑奥秘的努力是徒劳的。尽管Pugh的观察（认为大脑很复杂），但我们一直在了解这个重1.5公斤、在我们的颅内颤动和裂纹的组织是如何产生我们最精细的行为）可知人

们一直在对大脑进行研究，由此推知设空处将陈述每次研究都会产生不同的见解，这些见解会让人们重新审视之前对大脑的一些认识。D项“然而，每一种新的见解都会引发更多的问题，同时也会用新的眼光看待那些古老的问题。”符

合语境。故选D。3.根据后文“Gutthinkingisnotjustacleverturnofphrase:microbesinourintestines(肠道)affectourriskforneurologicalconditions,andcaninfluenceo

urmoodandmentalhealth.”（直觉思维不仅仅是一个聪明的措辞：我们肠道里的微生物会影响我们患神经系统疾病的风险，也会影响我们的情绪和精神健康。）可知，直觉思维不是一句搪塞的措辞，我们的身体的确会影响我们的大脑。由

此可知，设空处说明我们的大脑和身体的紧密关系。B项“我们大脑和身体的联系从未如此紧密过。”符合语境。故选B。4.前文“Thehumanbrainhasmanymorerevelationsinstore,andtheymayrequireustorethinkoldideasorcorrecto

urassumptions”（人类的大脑还有更多的启示在等待着我们，它们可能需要我们重新思考旧的想法或纠正我们的假设）和选项A中的“thatshouldcomeasnosurprise”（这不足为奇）构成转折关系，对应选项中的.转折词But，选项中的that代指前文“Thehumanbrainh

asmanymorerevelationsinstore,andtheymayrequireustorethinkoldideasorcorrectourassumptions”。后文“Afterall,betweenourearsliesthemostcomplexobjecti

ntheknownuniverse.”（毕竟，在我们的耳朵之间存在着已知宇宙中最复杂的物体。）解释了不足为奇的原因，所以选项A切合文意。故选A。第II卷(共50分)IV.SummaryWriting51.Directi

ons:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfa

raspossible.TeachingChildrenaboutForgivenessIfyou’veseenyourchildrenstruggletoforgivesomeoneforhurtingthem,youknowthatforgivenessiscomplicated.Aft

erall,forgivenessiscomplicatedforadults,too.Attimes,wewonderwhywe’retryingtoforgivesomeoneanyway;later,wemigh

tthinkwe’veforgiventhem,onlytoexperienceasuddenburstofanger.Indeed,ittakesmanyyearsforustograspthemeaningofforgi

venessaswegrowup.It’sunderstandablethatchildrenmayfeelhurtorangrywhenafrienddoessomethingless-than-kindtothem.Maybethefriendsai

dsomethingunkindorbrokesomethingprecious,embarrassedthem,excludedthem,ortoldtheirsecrets.Childrenmaybetemptedtogetevenwithafriend

who’sdonethemwrong,bydoingsomethingworseortellingeveryonehowterriblethefriendis,buttryingtogetrevengeonlyescalates(升级)theconflict.Parentscanp

layanimportantroleinteachingchildrenaboutforgiveness.Childrenwatchhowimportantadultsintheirlivesresp

ondwhensomeonedoessomethingunkind.Dotheycomplaintoothersorspeakdirectlytothepersoninvolved?Howlongdoesittakethemtogetoverbeingmadorhurt

?Howdotheygetoverit?Parentscanteachtheirchildrenaboutthevalueofforgivenessbyregularlypracticingitinthe

irownlives.Sometimesparentscantalkwiththeirchildrenaboutforgiveness,basedonwherekidsareintheircognitive(认知的)andemotio

naldevelopment.Forexample,childrenneedtounderstandthatnooneisperfect,sogenerouslyforgivingawell-meaningfriendisac

aringthingtodo.Ifparentscanhelpchildrenseethingsalittlemorefromotherpeople’sperspective,thiswillmakeforgivenesseasier.Theseconversations

canchangethewaychildrenthinkaboutforgivenessandhelpthememotionallyrecoverwhentheyinevitablyexperienceharmandunfairtreatmentfromothersinlife._________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________【51题答案】【答案】Forgivenessiscomplicatedandchildren’

sunderstandingofforgivingdevelopsastheygrowolder.Childrenmayfeelangryandwanttorevengewhentheyfeelhurtorwronged.Parentsneedtobegoodrolemodelsth

emselvesandhaveage-appropriatediscussionswithchildrentohelpthemseethingsfromotherpeople’sperspectiveandbetterunderstandforgiveness.【解析】【分析】

这是一篇概要写作。主要讲述了在孩子眼里，“原谅”这一过程的特征，以及作为父母应如何教导孩子学会原谅。【详解】第一步：审题时态：时态应为一般现在时。人称：第三人称，避免第一人称使用。注意事项：1.写出原谅这一过程特征，为什么要原谅。2.父母如何教导孩子学会

原谅。3.避免摘抄原文词语，学会同义替换。第二步：段落总结第一段：对于孩子来说，原来是一个复杂的认知过程，需要花费很长时间才能明白。第二段：在受到伤害时，反抗或报复是一种生理自然反应。第三段：家长要树立榜样，教学生学习“如何学习原谅”（也是文

章的过渡段落）。第四段：提出一些指导原则，帮助孩子学会“原谅”。第三步：语义合并文章第二段和第一段可以合并，写出Forgivenessiscomplicatedandchildren’sunderstandingofforgi

vingdevelopsastheygrowolder.Childrenmayfeelangryandwanttorevengewhentheyfeelhurtorwronged.第三段和第四段可以并列，写出

Parentsneedtobegoodrolemodelsthemselvesandhaveage-appropriatediscussionswithchildrentohelpthemseethingsfromo

therpeople’sperspectiveandbetterunderstandforgiveness.第四步：润色修改V.TranslationDirections:Translatethefollowings

entencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.一批又一批的中学生自愿加入了抗击疫情的战斗。（volunteer）（汉译英）【52题答案】【答案】Gro

upsandgroupsofmiddleschoolstudents(have)volunteeredtojoininthefightagainstthepandemic【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词。“一批又一批

的中学生”翻译为groupsandgroupsofmiddleschoolstudents；根据所给词volunteer，“自愿做某事”翻译为volunteertodosth.；“参加”翻译为joinin；“抗击疫情的战斗”翻译为thefightagainstthepand

emic。此处陈述过去事实，故应用一般过去时；也可以理解为过去发生的动作对现在影响，用现在完成时。故翻译为：Groupsandgroupsofmiddleschoolstudents(have)volunteeredto

joininthefightagainstthepandemic。53.他们所称的“弱势群体”指的是没子女陪伴的残疾老人。（refer）（汉译英）【53题答案】【答案】Whattheycall“thedisadvantaged”referstothedisabledold

peoplewithoutthecompanyoftheir(adult)children.【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。“弱势群体”用the+adj.表达为thedisadvantaged；“残疾人”用the+adj.表达为theold；“没有子女陪伴”可用w

ithout+n表达为withoutthecompanyoftheir(adult)children；“他们所谓的”可用what引导名词性从句，表达为whattheycall；“指的是”为谓语动词，表达为referto；此处陈述一般

事实，应用一般现在时，且what引导名词性从句，谓语动词用三人称单数。故翻译为Whattheycall“thedisadvantaged”referstothedisabledoldpeoplewithoutthecompanyoftheir(ad

ult)children.54.在桥梁建筑领域工作了数十年，这位资深工程师处理起这种问题来游刃有余，你尽管放心。（count）（汉译英）【54题答案】【答案】Havingworkedinthefieldofb

ridgeconstructionfordecades,thisseniorengineercandealwith/address/handlethisproblemskillfully,so/andyoucancountonhim.【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。“桥梁建设领域”翻译为thefi

eldofbridgeconstruction。“工作”为动词，翻译为work；“数十年”为时间状语，翻译为fordecades；“这位自身工程师”翻译为thisseniorengineer；“处理这种问题”翻译为dealwith/handle/addr

essthisproblem；“游刃有余”可用副词修饰动作“处理”，表达为skillfully；“你尽管放心”可用so/and引导结果状语从句/并列句，翻译为so/andyoucancountonhim；“在桥梁建筑领域工

作了数十年”为状语，与主语之间为主动关系，且发生在谓语动词之前，故应用havingdone现在分词作状语，故翻译为：Havingworkedinthefieldofbridgeconstructionfordecades,thisseniorengineercandealwith/addr

ess/handlethisproblemskillfully,so/andyoucancountonhim。.55.目前有些家庭严重缺少食物、药物之类的必需品，但问题不是这些物资供应短缺，而是没有足够的

人手进行运输和配送。（lie）（汉译英）【55题答案】【答案】Nowsomefamiliesareveryshortofnecessitiessuchasfoodandmedicine,buttheproblemdoesn’tlieinthe

shortageofthesupplyoftheseproductsbutintheshortageoflabourforcetotransportanddeliverthem.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。表示“目前”应用now；主语为somefamili

es；表示“严重缺少”短语为beveryshortof；表示“食物、药物之类的必需品”翻译为necessitiessuchasfoodandmedicine；表示“不是……而是……”短语为not…but…；表示“在于”短语为liein；表示“这些物资供应短缺”短语为

intheshortageofthesupplyoftheseproducts；表示“没有足够的人手进行运输和配送”翻译为intheshortageoflabourforcetotransportandd

eliverthem。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Nowsomefamiliesareveryshortofnecessitiessuchasfoodandmedicine,buttheproblemdoesn’tlieintheshortageofthesupplyoftheseproduc

tsbutintheshortageoflabourforcetotransportanddeliverthem.VI.GuidedWriting56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructi

onsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是实验中学高三学生龚瞩，下个月学校即将迎来35周年校庆，现在策划团队向全校同学征集校庆当天各项活动的“金点子”。请给学生会写一封电子邮件，谈谈自己的方

案并说明理由。__________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________【56题答案】【答案】DearSir/Madam,I’mGongZhu,aseniorthreestudent.Iamwritingt

osharemythoughtsonthe35thanniversary.Inmyopinion,wecanmakethe35-yeardevelopmentoftheschoolintoPPTandplayitonthebigscreen,soth

atallteachersandstudentscanknowmoreaboutourschool.Besides,wecaninvitealumniwhohavegraduatedtocomebackandtellussomethin

gaboutthepastoftheschoolandhowtheyspenttheiryouthhere,whichcaninspireusstudentstoworkhard.Inaddition,alivepaintingcanbeheldtoletstudentsdrawapictu

reoftheiridealcampus.Ibelievethatthisactivitywillencouragestudentstobuildabettercampus.IfmysuggestionscanbeadoptedIwillbegrateful.Your

s,GongZhu【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给学校35周年校庆策划团队写一封邮件，谈谈自己的方案并说明理由。【详解】1.词汇积累想法：idea→thought在我看来：asfarasIamconcerned→inmyopinion更了解：haveabetterunder

standingof→knowmoreabout感激的：thankful→grateful2.句型拓展合并简单句原句：Inaddition,alivepaintingcanbeheldtoletstudentsdrawapictureoftheiride

alcampus.Ibelievethatthisactivitywillencouragestudentstobuildabettercampus.拓展句：Inaddition,alivepaintingcanbeheldtoletstu

dentsdrawapictureoftheiridealcampus,whichIbelievewillencouragestudentstobuildabettercampus.【点睛】[高分句型1]Inmyopinion,wecanmakethe35-yeardevelopmentofthe

schoolintoPPTandplayitonthebigscreen,sothatallteachersandstudentscanknowmoreaboutourschool.（运用了sothat引导的目的状语从句）[高分句型2

]Besides,wecaninvitealumniwhohavegraduatedtocomebackandtellussomethingaboutthepastoftheschoolandhowtheyspenttheiryouthhere,whichcaninsp

ireusstudentstoworkhard.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）听力答案：1-5DAACD6-10BAADA11-13ADC14-16CCD17-20BAAC获得更多

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