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西安市铁一中学2022-2023学年上学期期末高二英语注意事项：1.答题时，务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦

干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色黑色签字笔把答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。答案如需改正，请先划掉原来的答案，再写上新答案，不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。4.考试结束后，只将答题

卡交回。一、阅读理解4BestWashingMachinestoBuyin2019,AccordingtoCleaningApplianceExpertsBESTOVERALLWASHINGMACHINEFlexWashWashingMachineSAMSUNG$

1,548.90Thisdouble-dutymachineoffersflexibilitythankstotwoseparatelycontrolledwashersinthesameunit.Thebottomisbuiltforextra-l

argeloadsandhassuper-cleaningcycleoptions,whichincludesanitizingandsteamsettings.Youevenhavetheabilitytoad

duptofiverinses（漂洗）ontoacycletoremoveeverybitofdetergent（洗衣液）fromlargeritemslikeajacket.Capacity:6.0cubicfeetBESTVALUEWASHINGMACHI

NEHigh-EfficiencyTopLoadWashingMachineGE$699.99Inourtests,GE'swashingskillsrivalmoreexpensivemachines.Thisclassictop-loaderissuper-stra

ightforwardtouse.We'reimpressedthatatthispriceitoffersoptionslikeanuptotwo-hourautomaticpresoak,deepfillandrinseformorecustomizedwaterlevels,hasvery

goodcapacity,andisEnergyStarQualified.Capacity:4.2cubicfeetBESTTOPLOADWASHINGMACHINEHigh-EfficiencyTopLoad

WashingMachineMAYTAG$650.00Thiswasherhasatraditionalcenteragitator（搅拌器），butisstillsohugeinside.You'llnevernoticeanycompromi

seincapacity.Whileit'senergy-savingandefficient,youcanaddmorewaterifyou'dliketowiththeDeepFilloption.

Capacity:5.3cubicfeetBESTCOMPACTWASHINGMACHINETwinDosWashingMachineBOSCH$1,999.00ThismightyminiisaGoodHousekeep

ingSealholderforgoodreason:Itsdeceptivelylargeinteriorandspace-savingexteriormakeittheperfectchoicetoins

tallinsmallhomes,apartments,orassecond-floorlaundryinaclosetorbathroom.Capacity:2.26cubicfeet1．Ifyouwantyourclothesrinsedthorou

ghly,you'dbetterchoose______.A．SAMSUNGB．GEC．MAYTAGD．BOSCH2．GEhasthefollowingfunctionsEXCEPT_____.A．deepfillB．automaticpresoa

kC．hugecapacityD．steamsetting3．Ifyouhavealimitedbudget,youshouldchoose______.A．SAMSUNGB．GEC．MAYTAGD．BOSCH4．Whichofthefollowingst

atementsisNOTTRUE?A．BOSCH'sTwinDosoccupiesthesmallestspaceamongthefour.B．TheonlyweaknessofMAYTAGisitscapacity.C．Everythingconsidered,SAMSUNG’SFlexWas

histhebestwashingmachinetobuy.D．ThemostenvironmentallyfriendlywashingmachinegoestoGEamongthefour.IfellinlovewiththeLittleFreeLibraryco

nceptyearsagoonvacation.Theconceptoffreeliterature-sharingboxespostedinneighborhoodsandpublicspaceshookedme.Forabooklover,this

representedbliss（快乐）.Athome,mybedsidetablesprouts（长出）booksandfromthefloorrisesamountainousto-be-readpile.Myhusbandwasn’ttheleastbitsurpris

edwhenIsuggestedstartingourownLittleFreeLibrary-Asawriterandintrovert（内向的人）,Iwelcomedtheideaofsayinghello

tootherbookloversonoccasion.Thefollowingwinter,myhusbandbuiltacopyofourIrishgardenshed（棚屋）withaframedglassdooronthefrontand,inthespr

ing,mounted（安装）itonapostinfrontofourhouse.Wefilledtheshelveswithbooks,andsincethen,visitorshaverefilledthemwithliteraryfiction,romances,myste

ries,sciencefiction,cowboywesterns,young-adultfiction,poetry,how-to’s,self-helpandarangeofothernonfiction.ForatimeafterCOVID-19firststruck,publicl

ibrariesshutdown,andAmazonprioritizedthedeliveryofessentialandhigh-demanditems.Bookswerelesseasilyattained.Traffictoourlibraryincreased.Ipostedremind

ersabouthandwashing,andstill,readerskeptcoming.WewonderedifweshouldclosetheLittleFreeLibraryandrevisited（再次讨论）ouroriginalmotivationsforho

stingit:tofacilitatetheexchangeofbooks,tocreateasenseofcommunity.Readingprovidesthenecessaryrelieftotheemotionalcrush（压力）oflife.Withthisinmind

,weaddedawrittenreminderonstayingsafeinthelibrary.Throughmyteens,readingtransportedmetootherplacesand

eras.Bookstaughtmeaboutlifeandhowpeopleovercameadversity（逆境）.InolongerfeltaloneinthethingsIstruggledagainst.Asidefromtheen

tertainmentbooksoffer,studiesshowthatreadingexposesustootherculturesandperspectives.Literatureshedsl

ightonthejusticetobefoundinsocialinclusionandcommunitycohesion（凝聚）.Self-esteemandunderstandinggrowinequalmeasureas

wecometounderstandourselvesandourplaceintheworld.Duringthispandemic,theLittleFreeLibraryhasreinforcedtheimportanceofliteratureandreadingtoour

emotionalandmentalhealth.It’sbecomeanalternatemeansofcreatingacommunityofpeoplewithmutualregardforhum

anityandthewrittenword.Wearetogetherevenwhenapart.5．WhatattractedtheauthortohosttheLittleFreeLibrary?A．Theemotionalcrushoflife.B．The

freeliterature-sharingconcept.C．Thesenseofself-esteemandsocialjustice.D．Theimportanceofexchangingbookswitheachother.6．Whati

sthehusband’sattitudetowardbuildingtheLittleFreeLibrary?A．Objective.B．Supportive.C．Indifferent.D．Doubtful.7．Whatha

ppenedtotheauthor’sLittleFreeLibraryduringthepandemic?A．Itwasnotallowedtobeused.B．Thenumberofbooksdroppedsharply.C．Itwasgettingmor

epopularthanbefore.D．Readersquestionedthemotivationsforhostingit8．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5?A．Howread

ingshapedtheauthor’sgrowth.B．Howwefacilitatedtheexchangeofbooks.C．HowtheLittleFreeLibraryfurtherdeveloped.D．Howlitera

tureplayedaroleincommunitybuilding.9．WhatisthebenefitoftheLittleFreeLibraryduringthepandemic?A．Ithasofferedsolutionstothepande

mic.B．Ithasrelievedthepressureofpubliclibraries.C．Ithasexposedreaderstoforeignperspectives.D．Ithashelpedcre

ateaunitedandcohesivecommunity.Astheclimatewarms,birdsareshrinkingandtheirwingspansaregrowing,accordingtoanewstudy.Researchersanalyz

ed70,716birdsfrom52kindsofNorthAmericanmigratory（迁徙的）birdspeciescollectedover40years.Theauthorssaythestudyisthelargestofitskindandthatthef

indingsareimportanttounderstandinghowanimalswilladapttoclimatechange."Wefoundalmostallofthespeciesweregettingsmaller."saidleadau

thorBrianWeeks,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan."Thespecieswereprettydiverse,butrespondinginasimila

rwav."hesaid."Theconsistencywasshocking."Hesaidstudiesofanimalresponsestoclimatechangeoftenfocusonshiftsingeographicalrangeortimingoflifeevents,l

ikemigrationandbirth.Butthisstudysuggestsbodymorphology（形态）isacrucialthirdaspect."That'sonemajorimplication,"hesaid,"It'shardtounderstandhowbirdswi

lladaptwithouttakingallthreeofthesethingsintoconsideration."Thefindingsshowedthatfrom1978to2016,thelengtho

fthebirds'lowerlegboneshortenedby2.4%.Overthesametime,thewingslengthenedby1.3%.Theevidencesuggestswarmingtemperaturescausedthedecr

easeinbodysize,whichinturncausedtheincreaseinwinglength."Migrationisanincrediblytaxingthingtheydo,"Mr.Weekssaid,explainingthatthesmallerbodysizemea

nslessenergyavailableforthebirdstocompletetheirlongjourneys.Hesaysthebirdsmostlikelytosurvivemigrationweretheoneswithlonger

wingspansandsmallerbodies.Thescientistsaren'texactlysurewhywarmertemperaturescausebirdstoshrink.Oneth

eoryisthatsmalleranimalsarebetteratcoolingoff,losingbodyheatmorequickly.10．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．AlloftheBirdsAreGettingSmallerB．AnimalsA

reAdaptingtoClimateChangeC．ClimateChangeIsCausingBirdstoShrinkD．ScientistsAreFindingCausesofWarmClimate11．WhatmadeBrianWeeksfeelastonish

ed?A．Ittook40yearstocollect70,716birdsfromNorthAmerica.B．Manybirdsareshrinkingwhenrespondingtotheclimatechange.C．Allmigrator

ybirdspecieswerecollectedtodotheimportantresearch.D．Somanyresearcherstakepartinthelargeststudytoworkoutthefindings.12．Whatdoestheund

erlinedword"taxing"mostprobablymean?A．Tiring.B．ImportantC．Easy.D．Pleasant13．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Themigrator

ybirdsaren'tbig.B．Thetemperatureswillbehigher.C．Thescientistswillgoonfurtherstudy.D．Thesmalleranimalswillsurelylivelonger.Makingfriendsisas

killlikemanyotherskills.Itimproveswithpractice.Ifyouwanttomeetpeopleandmakefriends,youmustbewillingtotakesomemeasures.Youmustfirstgowheretherear

epeople.Youwon’tmakefriendsstayinghomealone.Joinacluboragroup.Talkingwiththosewholikethesamethingsasyoudoismucheasier.Orjoinsomeoneins

omeactivities.Manypeoplearenervouswhentalkingtonewpeople.Afterallmeetingstrangersmeansfacingtheunknown.Andit’

shumannaturetofeelabituncomfortableabouttheunknown.Mostofourfearsaboutdealingwithnewpeoplecomefromdoub

tsaboutourselves.Weimagineotherpeoplearejudgingusorfindingustootallortooshort,toothisortoothat.Butdon’tforgetthattheym

ustbefeelingthesameway.Trytoacceptyourselfasyouareandtrytoputtheotherpersonatease.You’llbothfeelmorecomf

ortable.Trytoactself-confidentlyevenifyoudon’tfeelthatway.Whenyouenteraroomfullofstrangers,suchasanewclassroom,wal

ktallandstraight,lookdirectlyatotherpeopleandsmile.Ifyouseesomeoneyou’dliketospeakto,saysomething.Don’twaitfo

rtheotherpersontostartaconversation.Justmeetingsomeonenewdoesnotmeanthatyouwillmakefriendswiththatperson-friendshipisbasedonthemutuallikingand”giv

eandtake”.Ittakestimeandefforttodevelop.14．Thebesttitleofthetextmaybe______.A．FriendshipB．HowtoMakeFriendsC

．MeetingNewPeopleD．FacingtheUnknown15．Youcan’tmakefriendsifyou______.A．takesomemeasuresB．gotowheretherearepeopleC．avoidmeetin

gpeopleD．startaconversation16．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue？A．Makingfriendsneedspractising.B．Makingfriendsneedsto

bemoreactiveinstartingaconversation.C．Whenmeetingsomeone,makehimfeelniceandstartingaconversation.D．Beforemakingfriendswithsomeon

e,judgeifhe’stoothisortoothat.二、七选五HowisdininginspacedifferentfromeatingonEarth?Spacesuits?Check!Oxygen?Check!Water?Check!Areweforgettingsomething?F

ood!Ifyousendastronautsintospace,youhavetosendalongfoodaswell.Butwhatdoastronautseat,andhowdotheyeatit?___17___First,andposs

iblymostimportant,isnutrition(营养).Maintainingtheastronauts'physicalhealthisatoptaskforanyspacemission.Providing

junkfoodstoeat,suchaspotatochips,sodas,andpizza,wouldmaketheastronautsfeelunhealthy.___18___Ifthefood

thathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronautsmayavoideatingit.Ifyou'veevertriedtoconcentrateonsomethingimportantwhileyourstomachdoesn'tfeel

well,you'llknowwhythescientistsinchargeofaspacemissionwanttheirastronautstoeatregularly.Thelackofgravityinaspacecraftalsodetermineswhatfoodsc

anorcannotbeeateninspace.Mealsmustbepackagedcarefullysotheywon'tspillintothecabin.Liquidsortinybitsoffoodcouldgetinsideamachineorele

ctronicdeviceanddamageit.___19___Alooseknifebouncing(弹起)aroundinsidethecabinwouldbedangerous.___20___Theweightofeveryobjectincludedinaspacecraf

tmustbecalculatedinordertoensurethatthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarrythecraftsafelyintospaceandhomeagain.___21___Mostfoodsarestoredinplasticb

ags,andoften,thefoodsaredehydrated(脱水)．Whenanastronautisreadytoeat,hotwaterisaddedtorehydratethemealandwarmitup.De

spitealltheserequirements,muchofthefoodeateninspaceisactuallysimilartowhatyoumighteatonanygivenday.A．Variety

andtastearealsoimportant.B．Finally,weightisanimportantconcern.C．Foodpackagingismadetobeaslightaspossible.D．Bel

ieveitornot,theyalsohavefreshfruitsandvegetables.E．Nutritionandpracticalityareimportantthingstoconsider.F．F

orthesamereasonsharputensilsareneverusedonboard.G．Scientiststakeseveralfactorsintoconsiderationastheyplanmealsforspace.三、完形填空My70-year-oldmothe

rwasfightingan18-yearbattlewithcancer.ItwasabattleIknewshewouldsomeday____22____.Maybesoon.Andit____23____myhea

rttothinkaboutthat.MomandIhadagoodrelationship,butwejustweren’t____24____inthewayIwaswithmydaughter.MomandInever____25

____orsaid“Iloveyou”likeIoftendowithmydaughter.SometimesIfelt____26____aboutMom’sloveforme.“I’vesetaboutquilting,andI’llmakeoneforyou,”mymotheran

nounced____27____overthephoneoneday.Itriedto____28____hersuggestionasitwastootiringforher,butsheinsisted.MyquiltwasMo

m’slastone.Amonthlater,IgotacallfromDadsayingMomwasgone.Agreatsenseof____29____overwhelmedme--thepandemi

ctookawaymylastchancetoseeMomandshowmylovetoher.Oneday,Idecidedtogivequiltinga(n)____30____myselfformydaughter.Icare

fully____31____thefabricIthoughtshewouldenjoy,andmaybeIwasstilltryingtomakea____32____betweenMomandmyselfinthisway.Sometime

sI’dpictureussittingtogetherinthelivingroomquiltingtogether.Finally,IgotthequiltMom____33____me.IopeneditandwhatIsawcaughtmy____34____.Itw

asexactlythesamefabricIhadchosenformydaughter!Yetsomethingfarmoredifficultto____35____atlastbecameclear.Mom,inherownway,hadsilentlysaidthosethreebeau

tifulwords“Iloveyou”Iwas____36____tohear.22．A．fightB．loseC．joinD．accept23．A．openedB．followedC．brokeD．stopped24．A．closeB．luc

kyC．helpfulD．positive25．A．metB．caredC．talkedD．hugged26．A．sensibleB．hopelessC．unhappyD．uncertain27．A．excitedlyB．bravelyC．confusedlyD．innocently28．

A．rejectB．adoptC．considerD．offer29．A．thankfulnessB．regretC．fearfulnessD．anxiety30．A．excuseB．missC．lookD．try31．A．abandonedB．discoveredC

．choseD．destroyed32．A．combinationB．connectionC．competitionD．comparison33．A．affordedB．lentC．boughtD．lef

t34．A．imaginationB．attentionC．coatD．foot35．A．understandB．admitC．rememberD．change36．A．surprisedB．afraidC．eagerD．unwi

lling四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duringthesummervacation,Itookpartin__37__16thNaturalEnglishContest(竞赛),inwhichIw

aslistedinthetop10and__38__(gain)valuableexperience.Ineverexpected__39__(go)thatfar.AndIhadneverthoughtaboutstandingthathighonthestage.

__40__atthatmoment,Isetoutforthelongride.AllIhadtodowastry.Preparingforthecontest,practicinga3-minutespeech,a

ndovercomingstagefright(怯场),Isparednoefforttotakepartinthecompetition.Oneofmy__41__(teammate),mygoodfriendinmyschool,gavemelotsofencourageme

ntandadviceduringthecontest.Herideaswerenewandpowerfulandshestayedquitecalmwhenshewasfightingagainsther__4

2__(compete).Shewaslikemycoach,__43__showedmehowtosearchforrelatedmaterialsonlineandhowtoexpressmyownview__44__

(logical).Thanks__45__thecontestandthehelpofmyfriend,Inowfeelrelaxedonstageandconfidentwhen__46__(talk).五、应用文写作47．

你所居住的清泉社区将进行一次全民垃圾分类活动，请你代社区写一则英文通知，呼吁社区内外国友人参与。内容包括：1.活动时间、地点；2.需要做的工作；3.报名地点、截止日期。注意：1.词数80左右；2.通知的格式已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：垃圾分类

garbageclassificationNotice__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Q

ingquanCommunityOffice六、读后续写48．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AntBites“Ow!Ow!”IshoutedasIbrokemyjumproperhythm:“Something,inmyshoei

sbitingme.”Icried.Thefirstgraderswaitingtojumpandthetworopeturnerscircledaroundmeonthedirtplayground.Myteacher,MissBell,heardmeandhurriedo

ver.“It’sstillstingingme.”IcriedasthecircleofchildrenopenedforMissBell.“Whichfootisit?”sheasked.Istuckupmyrightfootasshebentdown

toinspectit.Justthen,feelinganewsting,Iyelpedinpain.“Here.Let’stakeoffyourshoe.”instructedMissBell,squatting(蹲)downtogettheshoe.Then,Irememberedtheh

olesinmysocks.Welfaresocksdidn’tlastlong.HolesinsockswereacommonthingforourfamilyintheyearsfollowingtheGreatDepression.Shoesgotfreshpap

erinsertedeverySaturdaytocovertheholesintheirsoles.Butsockswithholeswerejustaccepted.Sockswithholesintheheelsgotpulleddownsotheholewouldn’tsho

w.Wheretherewasahole,therewouldsoonbeablister.Everyweekasshewashedourclothes,Mamawouldsay,“Evenifwe’repoorandourclothesa

rewornout.Wecanstillbeclean.”Ibegantocryfromthepaininmyfoot,butIrefusedtoletMissBelltakeoffmyshoe.Icouldnotbearforherandtheotherstosee

theholeinmyfadedredsock.“Comeon,then.Let’sgoinsidetotheoffice.”AtrailoffirstgradersfollowedafterusuntilMissBellt

oldthemtostayontheplayground.Ididmybesttocontrolmytears.Yet,eachtimethethinginmyshoestungme,Iwouldletoutaloud,“Oh,oh,oh!”Tearsraceddownmycon

torted(扭曲的)face.MissWomble,thefifth--gradeteacher,cameintotheoffice.“CanIhelp?Iknowher.Shelivesnextdoortome.”MissWombl

ewasagreatneighbor.Shehadevenplayedgameswithusonoccasion.Sheputbothhandsonmyshakingshouldersandlookedintomydistressed,redeyes.注

意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答;“Mustbesock-eatingants.Oh,yes,Ihadabitefromoneofthoseants”shesaid.MissBellhandedherth

efirstaidkit.参考答案1．A2．D3．C4．B本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2019年值得推荐的四款洗衣机的品牌、优点、价格、容量等指标。1．细节理解题。从第一款SAMSUNG洗衣机介绍中的最后一句“Youevenhavetheabilityt

oadduptofiverinsesontoacycletoremoveeverybitofdetergentfromlargeritemslikeajacket（您甚至可以在一个洗衣循环中最多5次漂洗，可以去除大件物品上的洗涤剂）”可知

，这款洗衣机的漂洗功能是很强大的。想要衣物被漂洗彻底，应该选SAMSUNG洗衣机。故选A项。2．细节理解题。从文章第二款GE洗衣机的介绍中提到的功能有“…anuptotwo-hourautomatic

presoak，deepfillandrinseformorecustomizedwaterlevels,…verygoodcapacity(多达两小时的自动预浸…深度填充和定水位漂洗…有很好的容量)

”，只有“steamsetting”这个功能是GE没有的。故选D项。3．细节理解题。比较四款品牌洗衣机的价格：SAMSUNG价格$1,548.90，GE价格$699.99，MAYTAG价格$650.00，BOSCH价格$1,999.00，其中MAY

TAG这款洗衣机是价格最低的。如果预算紧，可以选择MAYTAG品牌。故选C项。4．细节理解题。从第三款洗衣机MAYTAG的介绍“Thiswasherhasatraditionalcenteragitator，butisstillsohugeinside(这个洗衣机有一个传统中心搅拌器，但洗衣机

内部空间仍很大)可知，MAYTAG洗衣机的缺点是搅拌器不是很先进，洗衣机容量还是很大的。故选B项。5．B6．B7．C8．A9．D这是一篇记叙文。免费的文学共享概念吸引作者开办了小免费图书馆，在疫情期间小免费图书馆更

加受欢迎，帮助创建了一个团结和有凝聚力的社区。5．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Theconceptoffreeliterature-sharingboxespostedinneighborhoodsan

dpublicspaceshookedme.”（在社区和公共空间张贴免费文学分享箱的概念吸引了我。）可知，免费的文学共享概念吸引作者开办了小免费图书馆。故选B。6．观点态度题。根据第一段最后一句“Myhusbandwasn’ttheleastbitsurpr

isedwhenIsuggestedstartingourownLittleFreeLibrary-Asawriterandintrovert（内向的人）,Iwelcomedtheideaofsayinghellotootherbookloversonoc

casion.”（当我建议建立我们自己的小免费图书馆时，我的丈夫一点也不惊讶——作为一个作家和内向的人，我欢迎偶尔和其他书迷打招呼的想法。）和第二段第一句“Thefollowingwinter,myhusbandbuiltaco

pyofourIrishgardenshed（棚屋）withaframedglassdooronthefrontand,inthespring,mounted（安装）itonapostinfrontofourhouse.”（第二年冬天，我丈夫仿照我们的爱尔兰花园小屋，

在前面装了一扇带框的玻璃门。到了春天，他把它装在房前的一根柱子上。）可知，作者的丈夫对建造小免费图书馆很支持。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据第三段倒第二句“Traffictoourlibraryincreased.”（来我们图

书馆的人更多了。）可知，在疫情期间作者的小免费图书馆比以前更受欢迎了。故选C。8．推理判断题。根据第五段前两句“Throughmyteens,readingtransportedmetootherplace

sanderas.Bookstaughtmeaboutlifeandhowpeopleovercameadversity（逆境）.”（在我十几岁的时候，阅读把我带到了其他的地方和时代。书籍教会了我生活以及人们如何克服逆境。）可知，第五段讲述了阅读如何塑

造了作者的成长。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“It’sbecomeanalternatemeansofcreatingacommunityofpeoplewithmutualregard

forhumanityandthewrittenword.Wearetogetherevenwhenapart.”（它已经成为一种另类的方式，让人们建立起一个相互尊重人性和文字的社区。即使分开，我们也在一起。）可知，在疫情期间小免费图书馆的好处是它帮助创建了一个团结和

有凝聚力的社区。故选D。10．C11．B12．A13．C这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，研究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀也在增长，原因未知。10．主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，全文围绕一项研究发现展开。由第一段第一句“Astheclimatewarms,birdsaresh

rinkingandtheirwingspansaregrowing,accordingtoanewstudy.”（一项新的研究显示，随着气候变暖，鸟类在缩小，翅膀也在增长。）和最后一段第一句“Thescientistsare

n'texactlysurewhywarmertemperaturescausebirdstoshrink.”（科学家们还不清楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。）可知这篇文章主要讲了研究表明随着气候变暖，

鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀也在增长，原因未知。这篇文章最好的题目是“气候变化正导致鸟类缩小”，故选C项。11．细节理解题。由第二段的“"Wefoundalmostallofthespeciesweregettingsmaller."saidleadauthorBrianWeeks

,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.”（“我们发现几乎所有的物种都在变小。”密歇根大学助理教授BrianWeeks说。）和第三段的“"Thespecieswereprettydiverse,butrespondinginas

imilarwav."hesaid."Theconsistencywasshocking."”（他说：“这些物种非常多样化，但它们的反应是相似的。”“这种一致性令人震惊。”），可知BrianWeeks认为许多鸟类在应对气候变化时都在缩小令人震惊。

故选B项。12．词义猜测题。由倒数第三段的Mr.Weekssaid,explainingthatthesmallerbodysizemeanslessenergyavailableforthebirdstocompletetheirlongjo

urneys.”（Weeks先生解释说，体型越小，鸟类完成长途旅行所需的能量就越少。）可知划线词所在的句子意思是迁徙是一件非常疲劳的事情，因此taxing在此处意为“疲劳的”，用tiring代替。故选A项。13．推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“Thescien

tistsaren'texactlysurewhywarmertemperaturescausebirdstoshrink.”（科学家们还不清楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。）可知科学家还不知道气温升高导致鸟类

缩小的原因，可推断出科学家们将继续深入研究。故选C项。14．B15．C16．D本文是说明文，主要阐述了交朋友的一些技能。14．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Makingfriendsisaskilllikemanyot

herskills.Itimproveswithpractice.Ifyouwanttomeetpeopleandmakefriends,youmustbewillingtotakesomemeasures.”可知，本文是介绍一些关于交朋友的方法和策略。B.HowtoMakeF

riends（怎样交朋友）可以作为本篇标题。故选B项15．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Youwon’tmakefriendsstayinghomealone.”可知，独自待在家是交不到朋友的。C.avoidmeetingpeople（避开见与人见面）符合以上说法。故选C项。1

6．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Weimagineotherpeoplearejudgingusorfindingustootallortooshort,toothisortoothat.Butdon

’tforgetthattheymustbefeelingthesameway.Trytoacceptyourselfasyouareandtrytoputtheotherpersonatease.”可推知，交

朋友时认为他太这样或太那样，是不正确的行为。D.Beforemakingfriendswithsomeone,judgeifhe’stoothisortoothat.（在交朋友前，判断朋友太这样或者太那样）符合以上说法

。故选D项17．G18．A19．F20．B21．C这是一篇说明文。在太空吃饭和在地球吃饭有何不同？短文介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素。17．根据上文“Butwhatdoastronautseat,and

howdotheyeatit?”（但是宇航员吃什么，怎么吃？）选项承接上文，再根据下文的几个因素可知，选项总起下文。故G选项“科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素”切题，factors呼应下文的几个具体因素。故选G项。18．根据下文“Ifth

efoodthathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronautsmayavoideatingit.”可知，如果提供的食物不可口，宇航员可能会不吃它。由此可知，本段在说明食物种

类和口味是很重要的。故A选项“食物种类和口味是很重要的”为本段的标题，切题。故选A项。19．根据上文“Liquidsortinybitsoffoodcouldgetinsideamachineorelectronicdeviceanddamageit.”可知，液体或食物残渣

可能会进入机器或电子设备并损坏它。选项承接上文说明处于同样的原因，船上从不使用锋利的器具，且呼应下文“一把松动的小刀在船舱里乱跳是很危险的”。sharputensilsareneverusedonboard呼应bedangerous。故选F项。20．根据下文“The

weightofeveryobjectincludedinaspacecraftmustbecalculatedinordertoensurethatthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarr

ythecraftsafelyintospaceandhomeagain.”可知，必须计算航天器中每一个物体的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力将航天器安全地送入太空和返回家园。由此可知，本段在说明另一个考虑因素是重量。故B选项“最后，重量是一个重要的问题”切题。weight是关键

词。故选B项。21．根据下文“Mostfoodsarestoredinplasticbags,andoften,thefoodsaredehydrated(脱水)．”可知，大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且通常都是脱水

的。说明食物的包装食品包装做得尽可能轻。light呼应plasticbags,dehydrated(脱水)。故选C项。22．B23．C24．A25．D26．D27．A28．A29．B30．D31．C32．B33．D34．B35．A36．C本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈从来不拥抱作者

或对作者说“我爱你”，但是通过妈妈为作者缝被子这件事，作者理解了妈妈在用自己的方式向作者表达“我爱你”。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道这是一场她总有一天会输掉的战斗。A.fight打架；B.lose输掉；C.join加入；D.accept接受。根据

第一句“My70-year-oldmotherwasfightingan18-yearbattlewithcancer.”可知，妈妈和癌症斗争了18年，但是作者知道，有一天妈妈会输掉这场斗争。故选B项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意

：一想到这些，我的心就碎了。A.opened打开；B.followed遵循；C.broke使心碎；D.stopped停止。句中的that指的是妈妈会输掉和癌症的斗争，所以作者一想到这件事，肯定会伤心。故选C项。24

．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妈妈和我的关系很好，但我们的关系不像我和女儿那样亲密。A.close亲密的；B.lucky幸运的；C.helpful有帮助的；D.positive积极的。根据句中的but和下文的“inthewayIwaswithmydaughter”可知，此处

作者是说作者和妈妈的关系不像她和女儿那样亲密。故选A项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈和我从来没有拥抱或说“我爱你”，就像我经常对女儿做的那样。A.met满足；B.cared关心；C.talked交谈；D.hugged拥抱。根据空格前的never和

下文的“Iloveyou”可知，妈妈从来不会通过拥抱或说出“我爱你”来表达对作者的爱。故选D项。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我对妈妈对我的爱感到不确定。A.sensible明智的；B.hopeless无希望的；C.unhappy不高兴的；D.uncertain不确定的。根据

上一句“MomandInever4orsaid‘Iloveyou’likeIoftendowithmydaughter.”可知，作者的妈妈从来不会通过拥抱或说出“我爱你”来表达对作者的爱。所以，作者不确定妈妈是否爱她。故选D项。27．考查副词词义辨析

。句意：“我已经开始做棉被了，我会给你做一件，”一天，母亲在电话里兴奋地宣布。A.excitedly激动地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.confusedly困惑地；D.innocently无辜地。根据上文可知，妈妈要为作者做一件被子，妈妈告诉作者这

件事，肯定是感到兴奋。其它副词不符合语境。故选A项。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图拒绝她的建议，因为这对她来说太累了，但她坚持。A.reject拒绝；B.adopt采用；C.consider考虑；D.offer提供。根据下文的“itwastootiringforher”可知

，作者担心妈妈太累了，所以想拒绝妈妈给她做被子的建议。故选A项。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我深感遗憾——疫情夺走了我最后一次见到妈妈、向她表达爱意的机会。A.thankfulness感激；B.regret遗憾；C.fearfulness恐惧；D.anxiety焦虑。根据下文的句子“thepan

demictookawaymylastchancetoseeMomandshowmylovetoher.”可知，因为疫情，作者没能见妈妈最后一面并向妈妈表达爱意，所以作者感到遗憾。故选B项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：

有一天，我决定自己试着为女儿缝制被子。A.excuse借口；B.miss未命中；C.look外观；D.try尝试。根据空格前的动词give和选项中的单词可知，此处是考查固定搭配give(somebody/something)atry“尝试做某事”

。故选D项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地选择了我认为她会喜欢的布料，也许我还在试图用这种方式建立我和妈妈之间的联系。A.abandoned废弃；B.discovered发现；C.chose选择；D.destroyed毁灭。根据空格前的副词carefully和

上一句提到的作者想为女儿缝被子可知，作者是为女儿选择她喜欢的布料。故选C项。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地选择了我认为她会喜欢的布料，也许我还在试图用这种方式建立我和妈妈之间的联系。A.combination组合；B.connect

ion联系；C.competition竞争；D.comparison比较。根据空格后的“betweenMomandmyself”可知，作者想通过为女儿缝被子建立和妈妈之间的联系。故选B项。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我拿到了妈妈留给我的被

子。A.afforded承担得起，买得起；B.lent借出；C.bought购买；D.left留下。根据第四段的句子“MyquiltwasMom’slastone.Amonthlater,IgotacallfromDadsayingMomwasgone.”可知，妈妈

为作者做完被子后不久就去世了，所以被子是妈妈留给作者的。故选D项。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我打开它，看到的东西引起了我的注意。A.imagination想象；B.attention注意；C.coat外套；D.foot英尺。根据句意和空格前的动

词caught以及选项中的单词可知，此处是考查固定搭配catchone’sattention（吸引了……的注意）。故选B项。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在一些难以理解的事情终于变得清晰起来。A.understand理解；B.admit承认；C.remember记住；D.

change更改。根据第二段的句子“MomandInever4orsaid‘Iloveyou’likeIoftendowithmydaughter.SometimesIfelt5aboutMom’sloveforme.”可知，原来作者是不理解妈妈对她的爱。故选A项。36．考查形容词

词义辨析。句意：妈妈用她自己的方式，默默地说出了我渴望听到的那三个美丽的字：“我爱你”。A.surprised惊讶的；B.afraid害怕的；C.eager渴望的；D.unwilling不愿意的。根据第二段的句子“

MomandInever4orsaid‘Iloveyou’likeIoftendowithmydaughter.SometimesIfelt5aboutMom’sloveforme.”可知，作者是渴望妈妈对她说“我爱你”这三个字的。故选C项。37．the38

．gained39．togo40．But41．teammates42．competitors43．who44．logically45．to46．talking这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者参加了第十六届自然英语竞赛，入

围前十。作者感谢这次比赛和朋友的帮助，作者现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话也很自信。37．考查冠词。句意：暑假期间，我参加了第十六届自然英语竞赛，获得了前十的成绩，获得了宝贵的经验。序数词前用定冠词the，表示“第……”。故填the

。38．考查时态和语态。句意：暑假期间，我参加了第十六届自然英语竞赛，获得了前十的成绩，获得了宝贵的经验。提示词是并列谓语动词，与主语I之间是主动关系，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填gained。39．考查非谓语动词。句意：我从没想过会走那么远。e

xpecttodo“期望做某事”，用不定式作宾语。故填togo。40．考查连词。句意：但是，就在那一刻，我开始了漫长的旅程。根据句意，上下文表示转折关系；句首单词首字母大写。故填But。41．考查名词。句意：我的一个队友

，我在学校的好朋友，在比赛中给了我很多鼓励和建议。oneof+可数名词复数，表示“……之一”。故填teammates。42．考查名词。句意：她的想法新颖而有力，在与竞争对手竞争时，她保持着冷静。根据句意和空格前形容词性物主代词her可知，应填入名词competitor作

宾语，意为“竞争者，对手”，又因竞争对手不止一个，应用其复数形式competitors。故填competitors。43．考查定语从句。句意：她就像我的教练，教我如何在网上搜索相关资料，如何有逻辑地表达自己的观点

。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词coach，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该定语从句。填who。44．考查副词。句意：她就像我的教练，教我如何在网上搜索相关资料，如何有逻辑地表达自己的观

点。修饰动词express用副词logically，意为“逻辑上；合乎逻辑”。所以填logically。45．考查固定短语和介词。句意：多亏了这次比赛和我朋友的帮助，我现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话也很自信。thanksto是固定短语，意为“多亏

了”，to是介词。故填to。46．考查状语从句的省略。句意：多亏了这次比赛和我朋友的帮助，我现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话也很自信。在when,while,if,asif,though(或although),as,until,once,wheth

er,unless,where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意，分析子可知，“when(talk)”是时间状语从句，原句为“whenIamtalking”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略

Iam后，应保留现在分词talking。填talking。47．NoticeAnon-profitcampaignaboutgarbageclassificationwillbelaunchedinthecentregardenofourcommunityfrom9a.m.to11a.m.thi

sSundaymorning.Allresidentsaswellasforeignfriendsarewelcome.Volunteersneedtohandouttheleafletsandexplainedtoresidentswhohavepuzzlesonh

owtosortoutdifferentwastesinourlife.Also,somevolunteersaretohelporganizeanon-siteprize-givingcontestgame,aimingtopopularizet

hecommonsenseofgarbageclassificationandenliventheatmosphere.Forthosewhohaveinterest,pleasesignupinthecommu

nityofficebeforeThursday.Yourinvolvementwillbegreatlyappreciated.QingquanCommunityOffice本篇书面表达属于应用文。你所居住的清泉社区将进行一次全民垃圾分类活动，请

你代社区写一则英文通知，呼吁社区内外国友人参与。【详解】1.词汇积累分发：handout→distribute市民：resident→citizen启动：launch→start使恢复：enliven→refresh2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Also,som

evolunteersaretohelporganizeanon-siteprize-givingcontestgame,aimingtopopularizethecommonsenseofgarbageclassificationandenliventheatmo

sphere.拓展句：Also,somevolunteersaretohelporganizeanon-siteprize-givingcontestgame,whoseaimistopopularizethecommonsenseo

fgarbageclassificationandenliventheatmosphere.48．“Mustbesock-eatingants.Oh,yes,Ihadabitefromoneofthoseants”shesaid.Iwasrelievedtohearwhats

hesaidandknewthatshewasheretohelpmeresolvetheupcomingembarrassingsituation.Ithoughtwhenplayingwithherintheya

rd,shemusthaveseenmyholeysocks,sosheunderstoodwhatIwasworriedabout.ButMissBelllookedsomewhatconfused.AfterItookoffmyshoes,thepairofsockswithholesap

peared,butIwasnotembarrassed.MissWomblecontinued,“Look,theselittlethingshavebittenthesocks,causingsomeholes.Fortunatel

y,havingbeenbittenbeforeIknowwhattodo.Pleasepassmethefirstaidkit.”Thenshegentlyhelpedmetakeoffmysocks.MissBellhandedherthefirst

aidkit.Shecarefullyappliedpotiononeachbite.Afterthetreatment,Iputonmysocks.Atthistime,Ifeltthatthesockswerenotsouglyandembarrassing.Thoseholeswere

likeopenmouths,smilinghappily.Evenuntilnow,Idon’tknowwhethertherearesock-eatingants,butIknowthereisaconsiderateteacher.这是一篇读后续写，文章以破洞的袜子为线索，讲述了作者被有毒

的蚂蚁叮咬了脚部，需要脱开袜子治疗，但自己的袜子有洞。虽然作者母亲常常教导他们袜子破洞没关系，干净最重要，但想到自己的破洞袜子会被同学和老师看见，作者内心感到尴尬，因此不愿意脱袜子。就在这时MissWomble来了。【详解】1.段落续写①根据第一段首句“‘一定是吃袜子的蚂蚁。哦

，是的，我被其中一只蚂蚁咬了一口，’她说。”可知，下文可描述作者和MissBell听到这个说法的反应，以及作者因此不为袜子有洞而感到尴尬。①根据第二段首句“MissBell把急救箱递给她。”可知，下文可描述治疗完后的事情，以及作者的感悟。2.续写线索Mi

ssWomble谎称有咬袜子的蚂蚁——作者明白MissWomble是来帮自己——MissBell感到疑惑——作者没有为袜子有洞感到尴尬——治疗伤口——穿上袜子——感悟3.词类激活行为类①知道：know/learn/beawareof/

understand②出现：appear/showup③递：pass/hand情绪类尴尬的：embarrassed/awkward不解的：confused/puzzled体贴的：considerate/thoughtful