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西安市铁一中学2022-2023学年上学期期末高二英语注意事项：1.答题时，务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，

用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色黑色签字笔把答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。答案如需改正，请先划掉原来的答案，再写上新答案，不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。4.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回

。一、阅读理解4BestWashingMachinestoBuyin2019,AccordingtoCleaningApplianceExpertsBESTOVERALLWASHINGMACHINEFlexWas

hWashingMachineSAMSUNG$1,548.90Thisdouble-dutymachineoffersflexibilitythankstotwoseparatelycontrolledwashersinthesameunit.Thebottomisbuiltforextra-la

rgeloadsandhassuper-cleaningcycleoptions,whichincludesanitizingandsteamsettings.Youevenhavetheabilitytoadduptofiverinses（漂洗）ontoacycletorem

oveeverybitofdetergent（洗衣液）fromlargeritemslikeajacket.Capacity:6.0cubicfeetBESTVALUEWASHINGMACHINEHigh-Effic

iencyTopLoadWashingMachineGE$699.99Inourtests,GE'swashingskillsrivalmoreexpensivemachines.Thisclassictop-loaderissu

per-straightforwardtouse.We'reimpressedthatatthispriceitoffersoptionslikeanuptotwo-hourautomaticpresoak,deepfillandrinsefo

rmorecustomizedwaterlevels,hasverygoodcapacity,andisEnergyStarQualified.Capacity:4.2cubicfeetBESTTOPLOADWASHINGMACHINEHigh-EfficiencyT

opLoadWashingMachineMAYTAG$650.00Thiswasherhasatraditionalcenteragitator（搅拌器），butisstillsohugeinside.You'llnevernoticean

ycompromiseincapacity.Whileit'senergy-savingandefficient,youcanaddmorewaterifyou'dliketowiththeDeepFilloption.Capacity:5.3cubicfeetBESTCOMPAC

TWASHINGMACHINETwinDosWashingMachineBOSCH$1,999.00ThismightyminiisaGoodHousekeepingSealholderforgoodreason:Itsdeceptivelylargeinteriorands

pace-savingexteriormakeittheperfectchoicetoinstallinsmallhomes,apartments,orassecond-floorlaundryinaclosetor

bathroom.Capacity:2.26cubicfeet1．Ifyouwantyourclothesrinsedthoroughly,you'dbetterchoose______.A．SAMSUNGB．GEC

．MAYTAGD．BOSCH2．GEhasthefollowingfunctionsEXCEPT_____.A．deepfillB．automaticpresoakC．hugecapacityD．steamset

ting3．Ifyouhavealimitedbudget,youshouldchoose______.A．SAMSUNGB．GEC．MAYTAGD．BOSCH4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTT

RUE?A．BOSCH'sTwinDosoccupiesthesmallestspaceamongthefour.B．TheonlyweaknessofMAYTAGisitscapacity.C．Everythingconsidered,SAMSUNG’S

FlexWashisthebestwashingmachinetobuy.D．ThemostenvironmentallyfriendlywashingmachinegoestoGEamongthef

our.IfellinlovewiththeLittleFreeLibraryconceptyearsagoonvacation.Theconceptoffreeliterature-sharingboxespostedinneighborhoodsandpublicspacesho

okedme.Forabooklover,thisrepresentedbliss（快乐）.Athome,mybedsidetablesprouts（长出）booksandfromthefloorrisesamountainousto-be-readpile.Myhusbandwa

sn’ttheleastbitsurprisedwhenIsuggestedstartingourownLittleFreeLibrary-Asawriterandintrovert（内向的人）,Iwelcomedt

heideaofsayinghellotootherbookloversonoccasion.Thefollowingwinter,myhusbandbuiltacopyofourIrishgarde

nshed（棚屋）withaframedglassdooronthefrontand,inthespring,mounted（安装）itonapostinfrontofourhouse.Wefilledtheshelveswithbooks,andsincethen,visitorshav

erefilledthemwithliteraryfiction,romances,mysteries,sciencefiction,cowboywesterns,young-adultfiction,poetry,how-to’s,self-helpandarangeofoth

ernonfiction.ForatimeafterCOVID-19firststruck,publiclibrariesshutdown,andAmazonprioritizedthedeliveryofessentialandhigh-demanditems.Bookswerele

sseasilyattained.Traffictoourlibraryincreased.Ipostedremindersabouthandwashing,andstill,readerskeptcoming.Wewonderedifweshou

ldclosetheLittleFreeLibraryandrevisited（再次讨论）ouroriginalmotivationsforhostingit:tofacilitatetheexchangeofbooks,tocreateasenseofcommunity.Reading

providesthenecessaryrelieftotheemotionalcrush（压力）oflife.Withthisinmind,weaddedawrittenreminderonstaying

safeinthelibrary.Throughmyteens,readingtransportedmetootherplacesanderas.Bookstaughtmeaboutlifeandhowpeopleovercameadversit

y（逆境）.InolongerfeltaloneinthethingsIstruggledagainst.Asidefromtheentertainmentbooksoffer,studiesshowthatreadingexposesustoot

herculturesandperspectives.Literatureshedslightonthejusticetobefoundinsocialinclusionandcommunitycohesion（凝聚）.Self-esteemandunderstandinggro

winequalmeasureaswecometounderstandourselvesandourplaceintheworld.Duringthispandemic,theLittleFreeLi

braryhasreinforcedtheimportanceofliteratureandreadingtoouremotionalandmentalhealth.It’sbecomeanalternatemeansofcreatingacommunityofpeoplew

ithmutualregardforhumanityandthewrittenword.Wearetogetherevenwhenapart.5．WhatattractedtheauthortohosttheLi

ttleFreeLibrary?A．Theemotionalcrushoflife.B．Thefreeliterature-sharingconcept.C．Thesenseofself-esteemandsocialjustice.D．Theimportanceofexchangingb

ookswitheachother.6．Whatisthehusband’sattitudetowardbuildingtheLittleFreeLibrary?A．Objective.B．Supportive.C．Indifferent.D．Doubtful.7

．Whathappenedtotheauthor’sLittleFreeLibraryduringthepandemic?A．Itwasnotallowedtobeused.B．Thenumberofbooksdr

oppedsharply.C．Itwasgettingmorepopularthanbefore.D．Readersquestionedthemotivationsforhostingit8．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5?A．Howread

ingshapedtheauthor’sgrowth.B．Howwefacilitatedtheexchangeofbooks.C．HowtheLittleFreeLibraryfurtherdeveloped.D．Howliteratureplayedaroleincommunitybu

ilding.9．WhatisthebenefitoftheLittleFreeLibraryduringthepandemic?A．Ithasofferedsolutionstothepandemic.B．Ithasrelievedthepressureofpubliclibraries.

C．Ithasexposedreaderstoforeignperspectives.D．Ithashelpedcreateaunitedandcohesivecommunity.Astheclimatewarms,birdsareshri

nkingandtheirwingspansaregrowing,accordingtoanewstudy.Researchersanalyzed70,716birdsfrom52kindsofNorth

Americanmigratory（迁徙的）birdspeciescollectedover40years.Theauthorssaythestudyisthelargestofitskindandthatthefindingsareimportantto

understandinghowanimalswilladapttoclimatechange."Wefoundalmostallofthespeciesweregettingsmaller."saidleadauthor

BrianWeeks,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan."Thespecieswereprettydiverse,butrespondinginasimila

rwav."hesaid."Theconsistencywasshocking."Hesaidstudiesofanimalresponsestoclimatechangeoftenfocusonshiftsingeographicalrangeortimingoflifeev

ents,likemigrationandbirth.Butthisstudysuggestsbodymorphology（形态）isacrucialthirdaspect."That'sonemajorimpli

cation,"hesaid,"It'shardtounderstandhowbirdswilladaptwithouttakingallthreeofthesethingsintoconsidera

tion."Thefindingsshowedthatfrom1978to2016,thelengthofthebirds'lowerlegboneshortenedby2.4%.Overthesametime,thewingslengthenedby1.3

%.Theevidencesuggestswarmingtemperaturescausedthedecreaseinbodysize,whichinturncausedtheincreaseinwinglength."Migrationisaninc

rediblytaxingthingtheydo,"Mr.Weekssaid,explainingthatthesmallerbodysizemeanslessenergyavailableforthebirdstocompletetheirlongjourneys.Hesaysthebirdsm

ostlikelytosurvivemigrationweretheoneswithlongerwingspansandsmallerbodies.Thescientistsaren'texactlysurewhywarmerte

mperaturescausebirdstoshrink.Onetheoryisthatsmalleranimalsarebetteratcoolingoff,losingbodyheatmorequickly.

10．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．AlloftheBirdsAreGettingSmallerB．AnimalsAreAdaptingtoClimateChangeC．ClimateChangeIsCausingBird

stoShrinkD．ScientistsAreFindingCausesofWarmClimate11．WhatmadeBrianWeeksfeelastonished?A．Ittook40yearstocollect70,716birdsfromNorthAmerica.B．Manybir

dsareshrinkingwhenrespondingtotheclimatechange.C．Allmigratorybirdspecieswerecollectedtodotheimportantresearch.D．Somanyresearcherstake

partinthelargeststudytoworkoutthefindings.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"taxing"mostprobablymean?A．Tiring.B．ImportantC．Easy.D．Pleasant13．Whatcanw

einferfromthelastparagraph?A．Themigratorybirdsaren'tbig.B．Thetemperatureswillbehigher.C．Thescientistswillgoonfurtherstudy.D．Thesmaller

animalswillsurelylivelonger.Makingfriendsisaskilllikemanyotherskills.Itimproveswithpractice.Ifyouwanttomeetpeopl

eandmakefriends,youmustbewillingtotakesomemeasures.Youmustfirstgowheretherearepeople.Youwon’tmakefriendsstaying

homealone.Joinacluboragroup.Talkingwiththosewholikethesamethingsasyoudoismucheasier.Orjoinsomeoneinsomeactivities.Manypeoplearenervouswhentalkin

gtonewpeople.Afterallmeetingstrangersmeansfacingtheunknown.Andit’shumannaturetofeelabituncomfortableab

outtheunknown.Mostofourfearsaboutdealingwithnewpeoplecomefromdoubtsaboutourselves.Weimagineotherpeoplearejudgingusorfindingustootallor

tooshort,toothisortoothat.Butdon’tforgetthattheymustbefeelingthesameway.Trytoacceptyourselfasyouareandtrytoputtheotherpersonatease.Yo

u’llbothfeelmorecomfortable.Trytoactself-confidentlyevenifyoudon’tfeelthatway.Whenyouenteraroomfullo

fstrangers,suchasanewclassroom,walktallandstraight,lookdirectlyatotherpeopleandsmile.Ifyouseesomeoneyou’dliketospeakto,saysomet

hing.Don’twaitfortheotherpersontostartaconversation.Justmeetingsomeonenewdoesnotmeanthatyouwillmakefriendswiththatperson-friendshipisbasedonthemut

uallikingand”giveandtake”.Ittakestimeandefforttodevelop.14．Thebesttitleofthetextmaybe______.A．FriendshipB．HowtoMakeFriendsC．MeetingNewPe

opleD．FacingtheUnknown15．Youcan’tmakefriendsifyou______.A．takesomemeasuresB．gotowheretherearepeopleC．avoidmeeting

peopleD．startaconversation16．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue？A．Makingfriendsneedspractising.B．Ma

kingfriendsneedstobemoreactiveinstartingaconversation.C．Whenmeetingsomeone,makehimfeelniceandstartingaconversation.D．Beforemakingfriendswit

hsomeone,judgeifhe’stoothisortoothat.二、七选五HowisdininginspacedifferentfromeatingonEarth?Spacesuits?Check!Oxygen?C

heck!Water?Check!Areweforgettingsomething?Food!Ifyousendastronautsintospace,youhavetosendalongfoodas

well.Butwhatdoastronautseat,andhowdotheyeatit?___17___First,andpossiblymostimportant,isnutrition(营养).Mai

ntainingtheastronauts'physicalhealthisatoptaskforanyspacemission.Providingjunkfoodstoeat,suchaspotatochips,sodas,andpizza,would

maketheastronautsfeelunhealthy.___18___Ifthefoodthathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronautsmayavoideatingit.Ify

ou'veevertriedtoconcentrateonsomethingimportantwhileyourstomachdoesn'tfeelwell,you'llknowwhythescientistsinchargeofaspacemissionwanttheirastronautsto

eatregularly.Thelackofgravityinaspacecraftalsodetermineswhatfoodscanorcannotbeeateninspace.Mealsmustbepackagedcarefullysotheywo

n'tspillintothecabin.Liquidsortinybitsoffoodcouldgetinsideamachineorelectronicdeviceanddamageit.___19___Alooseknifebouncing(弹起)aroundi

nsidethecabinwouldbedangerous.___20___Theweightofeveryobjectincludedinaspacecraftmustbecalculatedinordertoensuretha

tthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarrythecraftsafelyintospaceandhomeagain.___21___Mostfoodsarestoredinplasticbags,andoften,thefoodsaredehydrated(脱水)．W

henanastronautisreadytoeat,hotwaterisaddedtorehydratethemealandwarmitup.Despitealltheserequirements,muchofthefoodeateninspaceisact

uallysimilartowhatyoumighteatonanygivenday.A．Varietyandtastearealsoimportant.B．Finally,weightisanimporta

ntconcern.C．Foodpackagingismadetobeaslightaspossible.D．Believeitornot,theyalsohavefreshfruitsandvegetables.E．Nutritionandpracticalityareimport

antthingstoconsider.F．Forthesamereasonsharputensilsareneverusedonboard.G．Scientiststakeseveralfactorsintoconsiderationastheyplanmealsforspace.三、

完形填空My70-year-oldmotherwasfightingan18-yearbattlewithcancer.ItwasabattleIknewshewouldsomeday____22____.Maybesoon.Andit____23____myhe

arttothinkaboutthat.MomandIhadagoodrelationship,butwejustweren’t____24____inthewayIwaswithmydaughter.MomandInever____25____orsaid“I

loveyou”likeIoftendowithmydaughter.SometimesIfelt____26____aboutMom’sloveforme.“I’vesetaboutquilting,andI’llmakeoneforyou,”mymotherannounced_

___27____overthephoneoneday.Itriedto____28____hersuggestionasitwastootiringforher,butsheinsisted.MyquiltwasMom’slastone.Amonthlater,Igot

acallfromDadsayingMomwasgone.Agreatsenseof____29____overwhelmedme--thepandemictookawaymylastchancetoseeMomandshowmylovetoher.Oned

ay,Idecidedtogivequiltinga(n)____30____myselfformydaughter.Icarefully____31____thefabricIthoughtshewouldenjoy,andmaybeIwasstill

tryingtomakea____32____betweenMomandmyselfinthisway.SometimesI’dpictureussittingtogetherinthelivingroomquiltingtogether.Finall

y,IgotthequiltMom____33____me.IopeneditandwhatIsawcaughtmy____34____.ItwasexactlythesamefabricIhadchosenformydaughter!Yetsomethin

gfarmoredifficultto____35____atlastbecameclear.Mom,inherownway,hadsilentlysaidthosethreebeautifulwords“Iloveyou”Iwas____36____tohear.22．A．fightB

．loseC．joinD．accept23．A．openedB．followedC．brokeD．stopped24．A．closeB．luckyC．helpfulD．positive25．A．metB．caredC．talkedD．hugged26．A．sensibleB

．hopelessC．unhappyD．uncertain27．A．excitedlyB．bravelyC．confusedlyD．innocently28．A．rejectB．adoptC．considerD．offer29．A．thankfulnessB．regretC

．fearfulnessD．anxiety30．A．excuseB．missC．lookD．try31．A．abandonedB．discoveredC．choseD．destroyed32．A．combinationB．conne

ctionC．competitionD．comparison33．A．affordedB．lentC．boughtD．left34．A．imaginationB．attentionC．coatD．foot35．A．understandB．admitC．rememberD

．change36．A．surprisedB．afraidC．eagerD．unwilling四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duringthesummervacation,

Itookpartin__37__16thNaturalEnglishContest(竞赛),inwhichIwaslistedinthetop10and__38__(gain)valuableexperienc

e.Ineverexpected__39__(go)thatfar.AndIhadneverthoughtaboutstandingthathighonthestage.__40__atthatmoment,Isetoutf

orthelongride.AllIhadtodowastry.Preparingforthecontest,practicinga3-minutespeech,andovercomingstagefright(怯场),Isparednoefforttotakepartinthec

ompetition.Oneofmy__41__(teammate),mygoodfriendinmyschool,gavemelotsofencouragementandadviceduringthecontest.Herideaswerenewandpowerfulandshestayedq

uitecalmwhenshewasfightingagainsther__42__(compete).Shewaslikemycoach,__43__showedmehowtosearchforrelatedmaterials

onlineandhowtoexpressmyownview__44__(logical).Thanks__45__thecontestandthehelpofmyfriend,Inowfeelrelaxedonstageandconfide

ntwhen__46__(talk).五、应用文写作47．你所居住的清泉社区将进行一次全民垃圾分类活动，请你代社区写一则英文通知，呼吁社区内外国友人参与。内容包括：1.活动时间、地点；2.需要做的工作；3.报名地点、截止日期。注意：1.词数80左右；2.通知

的格式已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：垃圾分类garbageclassificationNotice__________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________QingquanCommunityOffice六、读后续写48．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AntBites“Ow!Ow!”IshoutedasIbrok

emyjumproperhythm:“Something,inmyshoeisbitingme.”Icried.Thefirstgraderswaitingtojumpandthetworopeturnerscircledaroundmeonthedirtplayground.My

teacher,MissBell,heardmeandhurriedover.“It’sstillstingingme.”IcriedasthecircleofchildrenopenedforMissBell

.“Whichfootisit?”sheasked.Istuckupmyrightfootasshebentdowntoinspectit.Justthen,feelinganewsting,Iyelpedinpain.“Here.Let’stakeoffyourshoe.”instructe

dMissBell,squatting(蹲)downtogettheshoe.Then,Irememberedtheholesinmysocks.Welfaresocksdidn’tlastlong.Holesinsockswereacommonthingfor

ourfamilyintheyearsfollowingtheGreatDepression.ShoesgotfreshpaperinsertedeverySaturdaytocovertheholesintheirsoles.Butsockswithh

oleswerejustaccepted.Sockswithholesintheheelsgotpulleddownsotheholewouldn’tshow.Wheretherewasahole,therewouldsoonbeablister.Everyweekas

shewashedourclothes,Mamawouldsay,“Evenifwe’repoorandourclothesarewornout.Wecanstillbeclean.”Ibegantocryfromthepaininm

yfoot,butIrefusedtoletMissBelltakeoffmyshoe.Icouldnotbearforherandtheotherstoseetheholeinmyfadedredsock.“Comeo

n,then.Let’sgoinsidetotheoffice.”AtrailoffirstgradersfollowedafterusuntilMissBelltoldthemtostayontheplayground.Ididmybesttocontrolmytears.Yet,

eachtimethethinginmyshoestungme,Iwouldletoutaloud,“Oh,oh,oh!”Tearsraceddownmycontorted(扭曲的)face.MissWomble,thefifth--gradeteach

er,cameintotheoffice.“CanIhelp?Iknowher.Shelivesnextdoortome.”MissWomblewasagreatneighbor.Shehadevenplayedgameswithusonoccasion.Sheputbothhandson

myshakingshouldersandlookedintomydistressed,redeyes.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答;“Mustbesock-eatingants.Oh,

yes,Ihadabitefromoneofthoseants”shesaid.MissBellhandedherthefirstaidkit.参考答案1．A2．D3．C4．B本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2019年值得推荐的四款洗衣机的品牌、优点、价格、容量等指标。1．细节理解

题。从第一款SAMSUNG洗衣机介绍中的最后一句“Youevenhavetheabilitytoadduptofiverinsesontoacycletoremoveeverybitofdetergentfromlargeritemslikeajacket（您甚至

可以在一个洗衣循环中最多5次漂洗，可以去除大件物品上的洗涤剂）”可知，这款洗衣机的漂洗功能是很强大的。想要衣物被漂洗彻底，应该选SAMSUNG洗衣机。故选A项。2．细节理解题。从文章第二款GE洗衣机的介绍中提到的功能有“

…anuptotwo-hourautomaticpresoak，deepfillandrinseformorecustomizedwaterlevels,…verygoodcapacity(多达两小时的自动预浸…深

度填充和定水位漂洗…有很好的容量)”，只有“steamsetting”这个功能是GE没有的。故选D项。3．细节理解题。比较四款品牌洗衣机的价格：SAMSUNG价格$1,548.90，GE价格$699.99，MAYTAG价格$650.00，BOSCH价格$1,999.00，其中

MAYTAG这款洗衣机是价格最低的。如果预算紧，可以选择MAYTAG品牌。故选C项。4．细节理解题。从第三款洗衣机MAYTAG的介绍“Thiswasherhasatraditionalcenteragitator，butisstillsohugeinside(这个洗衣机有一

个传统中心搅拌器，但洗衣机内部空间仍很大)可知，MAYTAG洗衣机的缺点是搅拌器不是很先进，洗衣机容量还是很大的。故选B项。5．B6．B7．C8．A9．D这是一篇记叙文。免费的文学共享概念吸引作者开办了小免费图书

馆，在疫情期间小免费图书馆更加受欢迎，帮助创建了一个团结和有凝聚力的社区。5．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Theconceptoffreeliterature-sharingboxespostedinneighborhood

sandpublicspaceshookedme.”（在社区和公共空间张贴免费文学分享箱的概念吸引了我。）可知，免费的文学共享概念吸引作者开办了小免费图书馆。故选B。6．观点态度题。根据第一段最后一句“My

husbandwasn’ttheleastbitsurprisedwhenIsuggestedstartingourownLittleFreeLibrary-Asawriterandintrovert（内向的人）,Iwelcomedtheideaofs

ayinghellotootherbookloversonoccasion.”（当我建议建立我们自己的小免费图书馆时，我的丈夫一点也不惊讶——作为一个作家和内向的人，我欢迎偶尔和其他书迷打招呼的想法。）和第二段第一句“Thefollowingwinter,myhusbandbuil

tacopyofourIrishgardenshed（棚屋）withaframedglassdooronthefrontand,inthespring,mounted（安装）itonapostinfrontofourho

use.”（第二年冬天，我丈夫仿照我们的爱尔兰花园小屋，在前面装了一扇带框的玻璃门。到了春天，他把它装在房前的一根柱子上。）可知，作者的丈夫对建造小免费图书馆很支持。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据第三段倒第二句“Traffict

oourlibraryincreased.”（来我们图书馆的人更多了。）可知，在疫情期间作者的小免费图书馆比以前更受欢迎了。故选C。8．推理判断题。根据第五段前两句“Throughmyteens,readingtransportedmetoot

herplacesanderas.Bookstaughtmeaboutlifeandhowpeopleovercameadversity（逆境）.”（在我十几岁的时候，阅读把我带到了其他的地方和时代。书籍教

会了我生活以及人们如何克服逆境。）可知，第五段讲述了阅读如何塑造了作者的成长。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“It’sbecomeanalternatemeansofcreatingacommunityofpeoplewithmu

tualregardforhumanityandthewrittenword.Wearetogetherevenwhenapart.”（它已经成为一种另类的方式，让人们建立起一个相互尊重人性和文字的社区。即使分开，我们也在一起。）可知，在疫

情期间小免费图书馆的好处是它帮助创建了一个团结和有凝聚力的社区。故选D。10．C11．B12．A13．C这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，研究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀也在增长，原因未知

。10．主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，全文围绕一项研究发现展开。由第一段第一句“Astheclimatewarms,birdsareshrinkingandtheirwingspansaregrowing,accordingtoanewstudy.”（一项新的研究显示，随着气

候变暖，鸟类在缩小，翅膀也在增长。）和最后一段第一句“Thescientistsaren'texactlysurewhywarmertemperaturescausebirdstoshrink.”（科学家们还不清

楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。）可知这篇文章主要讲了研究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀也在增长，原因未知。这篇文章最好的题目是“气候变化正导致鸟类缩小”，故选C项。11．细节理解题。由第二段的“"Wefoundalmostallofthespecieswerege

ttingsmaller."saidleadauthorBrianWeeks,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.”（“我们发现几乎所有的物种都在变小。”密歇根大学助理教授BrianWeeks说。）和第三段的“"The

specieswereprettydiverse,butrespondinginasimilarwav."hesaid."Theconsistencywasshocking."”（他说：“这些物种非常多样化，但它们的反应是相似的。”“这种一致性令人震惊。”），可知Bria

nWeeks认为许多鸟类在应对气候变化时都在缩小令人震惊。故选B项。12．词义猜测题。由倒数第三段的Mr.Weekssaid,explainingthatthesmallerbodysizemeanslessenergyavailablefo

rthebirdstocompletetheirlongjourneys.”（Weeks先生解释说，体型越小，鸟类完成长途旅行所需的能量就越少。）可知划线词所在的句子意思是迁徙是一件非常疲劳的事情，因此taxing在此处意为“疲劳的”

，用tiring代替。故选A项。13．推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“Thescientistsaren'texactlysurewhywarmertemperaturescausebirdstoshrink.”（科学家们还不清楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。）

可知科学家还不知道气温升高导致鸟类缩小的原因，可推断出科学家们将继续深入研究。故选C项。14．B15．C16．D本文是说明文，主要阐述了交朋友的一些技能。14．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Makingfriend

sisaskilllikemanyotherskills.Itimproveswithpractice.Ifyouwanttomeetpeopleandmakefriends,youmustbewillingtotakesomemeasures.”可知，本文是介绍一些关于交朋友的方法和策

略。B.HowtoMakeFriends（怎样交朋友）可以作为本篇标题。故选B项15．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Youwon’tmakefriendsstayinghomealone.”可知，独自待在家是交不到朋友的。C.avoidmee

tingpeople（避开见与人见面）符合以上说法。故选C项。16．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Weimagineotherpeoplearejudgingusorfindingustootallortooshort,toothisortoothat.Butdon’tf

orgetthattheymustbefeelingthesameway.Trytoacceptyourselfasyouareandtrytoputtheotherpersonatease.”可推知，交朋友时认为他太这样或太那样，是不正确的行

为。D.Beforemakingfriendswithsomeone,judgeifhe’stoothisortoothat.（在交朋友前，判断朋友太这样或者太那样）符合以上说法。故选D项17．G18．A19．F20．B21．C这是一篇说明文。在太空吃饭和在地球吃饭有何不同？短

文介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素。17．根据上文“Butwhatdoastronautseat,andhowdotheyeatit?”（但是宇航员吃什么，怎么吃？）选项承接上文，再根据下文的几个因素可知，选项总起下文

。故G选项“科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素”切题，factors呼应下文的几个具体因素。故选G项。18．根据下文“Ifthefoodthathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thenthea

stronautsmayavoideatingit.”可知，如果提供的食物不可口，宇航员可能会不吃它。由此可知，本段在说明食物种类和口味是很重要的。故A选项“食物种类和口味是很重要的”为本段的标题，切题。故选A项。19．根据上文“Liquid

sortinybitsoffoodcouldgetinsideamachineorelectronicdeviceanddamageit.”可知，液体或食物残渣可能会进入机器或电子设备并损坏它。选项承接上文说明处于同样的原因，船

上从不使用锋利的器具，且呼应下文“一把松动的小刀在船舱里乱跳是很危险的”。sharputensilsareneverusedonboard呼应bedangerous。故选F项。20．根据下文“Theweightofeveryobjec

tincludedinaspacecraftmustbecalculatedinordertoensurethatthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarrythecraftsafelyintospac

eandhomeagain.”可知，必须计算航天器中每一个物体的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力将航天器安全地送入太空和返回家园。由此可知，本段在说明另一个考虑因素是重量。故B选项“最后，重量是一个重要的问题”切题。weight是关键词。故选B项。21．根据下文“Mostfo

odsarestoredinplasticbags,andoften,thefoodsaredehydrated(脱水)．”可知，大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且通常都是脱水的。说明食物的包装食品包装做得尽可能轻。ligh

t呼应plasticbags,dehydrated(脱水)。故选C项。22．B23．C24．A25．D26．D27．A28．A29．B30．D31．C32．B33．D34．B35．A36．C本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈从来不拥抱作者

或对作者说“我爱你”，但是通过妈妈为作者缝被子这件事，作者理解了妈妈在用自己的方式向作者表达“我爱你”。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道这是一场她总有一天会输掉的战斗。A.fight打架；B.lose输掉；C.join加入；D.accept接受。根据第一句“My70-year-ol

dmotherwasfightingan18-yearbattlewithcancer.”可知，妈妈和癌症斗争了18年，但是作者知道，有一天妈妈会输掉这场斗争。故选B项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到这些，我的心就碎了。A.opened打开；B.followed遵

循；C.broke使心碎；D.stopped停止。句中的that指的是妈妈会输掉和癌症的斗争，所以作者一想到这件事，肯定会伤心。故选C项。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妈妈和我的关系很好，但我们的关

系不像我和女儿那样亲密。A.close亲密的；B.lucky幸运的；C.helpful有帮助的；D.positive积极的。根据句中的but和下文的“inthewayIwaswithmydaughter”可知，此处作者是说作者和妈妈的关系不像她和女儿那样亲密。故选A

项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈和我从来没有拥抱或说“我爱你”，就像我经常对女儿做的那样。A.met满足；B.cared关心；C.talked交谈；D.hugged拥抱。根据空格前的never和下文的“Iloveyou”可知，妈妈从来不会通过拥抱或说出“我爱你”来表达对作者

的爱。故选D项。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我对妈妈对我的爱感到不确定。A.sensible明智的；B.hopeless无希望的；C.unhappy不高兴的；D.uncertain不确定的。根据上一句“MomandInever4orsaid‘Il

oveyou’likeIoftendowithmydaughter.”可知，作者的妈妈从来不会通过拥抱或说出“我爱你”来表达对作者的爱。所以，作者不确定妈妈是否爱她。故选D项。27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我已

经开始做棉被了，我会给你做一件，”一天，母亲在电话里兴奋地宣布。A.excitedly激动地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.confusedly困惑地；D.innocently无辜地。根据上文可知，妈妈要为作者做一件被子，妈妈告诉作者这件事，肯定是感到兴奋。其它

副词不符合语境。故选A项。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图拒绝她的建议，因为这对她来说太累了，但她坚持。A.reject拒绝；B.adopt采用；C.consider考虑；D.offer提供。根据下文的“itwastootiringforher”可知，作者担心妈妈太累了

，所以想拒绝妈妈给她做被子的建议。故选A项。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我深感遗憾——疫情夺走了我最后一次见到妈妈、向她表达爱意的机会。A.thankfulness感激；B.regret遗憾；C.fearf

ulness恐惧；D.anxiety焦虑。根据下文的句子“thepandemictookawaymylastchancetoseeMomandshowmylovetoher.”可知，因为疫情，作者没能见妈妈最后一面并向妈妈表达爱意

，所以作者感到遗憾。故选B项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我决定自己试着为女儿缝制被子。A.excuse借口；B.miss未命中；C.look外观；D.try尝试。根据空格前的动词give和选项中的单词可知，此处是考查

固定搭配give(somebody/something)atry“尝试做某事”。故选D项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地选择了我认为她会喜欢的布料，也许我还在试图用这种方式建立我和妈妈之间的联系。A.abandoned废弃；B.discovered发现；C.chos

e选择；D.destroyed毁灭。根据空格前的副词carefully和上一句提到的作者想为女儿缝被子可知，作者是为女儿选择她喜欢的布料。故选C项。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地选择了我认为她会喜欢的布料，也许我还在试图用这种方式建立我和妈妈之间的联系。

A.combination组合；B.connection联系；C.competition竞争；D.comparison比较。根据空格后的“betweenMomandmyself”可知，作者想通过为女儿缝被子建立和妈妈之间的联系。故选B项。33．考查动词词义辨

析。句意：最后，我拿到了妈妈留给我的被子。A.afforded承担得起，买得起；B.lent借出；C.bought购买；D.left留下。根据第四段的句子“MyquiltwasMom’slastone.Amonthlater,IgotacallfromDadsayingMomwasgone.”可

知，妈妈为作者做完被子后不久就去世了，所以被子是妈妈留给作者的。故选D项。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我打开它，看到的东西引起了我的注意。A.imagination想象；B.attention注意；C.coat外套；D.foot英尺。

根据句意和空格前的动词caught以及选项中的单词可知，此处是考查固定搭配catchone’sattention（吸引了……的注意）。故选B项。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在一些难以理解的事情终于变

得清晰起来。A.understand理解；B.admit承认；C.remember记住；D.change更改。根据第二段的句子“MomandInever4orsaid‘Iloveyou’likeIoft

endowithmydaughter.SometimesIfelt5aboutMom’sloveforme.”可知，原来作者是不理解妈妈对她的爱。故选A项。36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妈妈用她自己的方式，默默地说出了我渴望听到的那三个美丽的字：“

我爱你”。A.surprised惊讶的；B.afraid害怕的；C.eager渴望的；D.unwilling不愿意的。根据第二段的句子“MomandInever4orsaid‘Iloveyou’likeIoftendowithmydaughter.Sometimes

Ifelt5aboutMom’sloveforme.”可知，作者是渴望妈妈对她说“我爱你”这三个字的。故选C项。37．the38．gained39．togo40．But41．teammates42．competitors43．who44．logically45．to4

6．talking这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者参加了第十六届自然英语竞赛，入围前十。作者感谢这次比赛和朋友的帮助，作者现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话也很自信。37．考查冠词。句意：暑假期间，我参加了第十六届自然英语竞赛，获得了前十的成绩，获得了宝贵的经验。序数词前用定冠词the，表示

“第……”。故填the。38．考查时态和语态。句意：暑假期间，我参加了第十六届自然英语竞赛，获得了前十的成绩，获得了宝贵的经验。提示词是并列谓语动词，与主语I之间是主动关系，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填gained。39．考查非谓语动词。句意：我从

没想过会走那么远。expecttodo“期望做某事”，用不定式作宾语。故填togo。40．考查连词。句意：但是，就在那一刻，我开始了漫长的旅程。根据句意，上下文表示转折关系；句首单词首字母大写。故填But。41．考查名词。句意：我的一个队友，我在学校的好朋友，在比

赛中给了我很多鼓励和建议。oneof+可数名词复数，表示“……之一”。故填teammates。42．考查名词。句意：她的想法新颖而有力，在与竞争对手竞争时，她保持着冷静。根据句意和空格前形容词性物主代词her可知，应填入名词competitor作宾语，意为“竞争者，对手

”，又因竞争对手不止一个，应用其复数形式competitors。故填competitors。43．考查定语从句。句意：她就像我的教练，教我如何在网上搜索相关资料，如何有逻辑地表达自己的观点。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词coach，指

人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该定语从句。填who。44．考查副词。句意：她就像我的教练，教我如何在网上搜索相关资料，如何有逻辑地表达自己的观点。修饰动词express用副词logic

ally，意为“逻辑上；合乎逻辑”。所以填logically。45．考查固定短语和介词。句意：多亏了这次比赛和我朋友的帮助，我现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话也很自信。thanksto是固定短语，意为“多亏了”，to是介词。故填to。4

6．考查状语从句的省略。句意：多亏了这次比赛和我朋友的帮助，我现在在舞台上感觉很放松，说话也很自信。在when,while,if,asif,though(或although),as,until,once,whether

,unless,where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意，分析子可知，“when(talk)”是时间状语从句，原句为“whenIamtalking”，符合状语从句省略

条件，省略Iam后，应保留现在分词talking。填talking。47．NoticeAnon-profitcampaignaboutgarbageclassificationwillbelaunchedinthecentregardenofourcommunityfro

m9a.m.to11a.m.thisSundaymorning.Allresidentsaswellasforeignfriendsarewelcome.Volunteersneedtohandouttheleafletsandexplainedtoresidentswhohavepuzz

lesonhowtosortoutdifferentwastesinourlife.Also,somevolunteersaretohelporganizeanon-siteprize-givingcontestgame,aimingtopopula

rizethecommonsenseofgarbageclassificationandenliventheatmosphere.Forthosewhohaveinterest,pleasesignupinthecommunityoff

icebeforeThursday.Yourinvolvementwillbegreatlyappreciated.QingquanCommunityOffice本篇书面表达属于应用文。你所居住的清泉社区将进行一次全民垃圾分类活动，请你代社区写一则英文通知，呼吁社区内外国友人参

与。【详解】1.词汇积累分发：handout→distribute市民：resident→citizen启动：launch→start使恢复：enliven→refresh2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Also,somevolunteersaretohelporganizeanon

-siteprize-givingcontestgame,aimingtopopularizethecommonsenseofgarbageclassificationandenliventheatmos

phere.拓展句：Also,somevolunteersaretohelporganizeanon-siteprize-givingcontestgame,whoseaimistopopularizethecommonsenseofgarbagecla

ssificationandenliventheatmosphere.48．“Mustbesock-eatingants.Oh,yes,Ihadabitefromoneofthoseants”shesaid.Iwasrelievedtohearwhatshesaidandk

newthatshewasheretohelpmeresolvetheupcomingembarrassingsituation.Ithoughtwhenplayingwithherintheyard,shemusthaveseenmyho

leysocks,sosheunderstoodwhatIwasworriedabout.ButMissBelllookedsomewhatconfused.AfterItookoffmyshoes,thepairofsockswithholesappeared,butIwasn

otembarrassed.MissWomblecontinued,“Look,theselittlethingshavebittenthesocks,causingsomeholes.Fortunately,havingbeenbittenbeforeIknowwha

ttodo.Pleasepassmethefirstaidkit.”Thenshegentlyhelpedmetakeoffmysocks.MissBellhandedherthefirstaidkit.Shecarefullyappliedpotiononeachbit

e.Afterthetreatment,Iputonmysocks.Atthistime,Ifeltthatthesockswerenotsouglyandembarrassing.Thoseholeswerelikeopenmouths,smiling

happily.Evenuntilnow,Idon’tknowwhethertherearesock-eatingants,butIknowthereisaconsiderateteacher.这是一篇读后续写，

文章以破洞的袜子为线索，讲述了作者被有毒的蚂蚁叮咬了脚部，需要脱开袜子治疗，但自己的袜子有洞。虽然作者母亲常常教导他们袜子破洞没关系，干净最重要，但想到自己的破洞袜子会被同学和老师看见，作者内心感到尴尬，因此不愿意脱袜子。就在这时MissWomble来了

。【详解】1.段落续写①根据第一段首句“‘一定是吃袜子的蚂蚁。哦，是的，我被其中一只蚂蚁咬了一口，’她说。”可知，下文可描述作者和MissBell听到这个说法的反应，以及作者因此不为袜子有洞而感到尴尬。①根据第二段首句“MissBell把急救箱递给

她。”可知，下文可描述治疗完后的事情，以及作者的感悟。2.续写线索MissWomble谎称有咬袜子的蚂蚁——作者明白MissWomble是来帮自己——MissBell感到疑惑——作者没有为袜子有洞感到尴尬——治疗伤口——穿上袜子——感悟

3.词类激活行为类①知道：know/learn/beawareof/understand②出现：appear/showup③递：pass/hand情绪类尴尬的：embarrassed/awkward不解的：confused/puzzled体

贴的：considerate/thoughtful