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绝密★启用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试卷（一）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选

项中选出最佳选项。ASoyou’regoingtotheroyalwedding!Let’sreviewachecklistofeverythingyou’llneedtoknow.WhattowearattheceremonyDidyougetyourfascinatoryet?That

’satrickquestionbecauseyouprobablydon’tevenknowwhatafascinatoris.Royaldresscodeetiquette(礼仪)statesthatwomenmustwearhatsforformalevents,andfascina

torsarethepreferredaccessory(配饰).Thesefunnyhatsboastalargedecorativedesign.Ifyouhaven’tpackedone,noworries.Simplyglueacabbage

tothesideofyourhead.Noonewillbethewiser,andyoucanalwayssnackonyourfascinatorshouldtheweddingceremonydragon.Gentlemenare

expectedtowearmorningcoatsandtophats.Royalswilllikelyweartheirmilitaryuniforms.MeetingtheroyalsMen,whengreetingtheroyal

s,asimplebowwilldo.Notsolowthatitlooksasifyou’reexaminingthecarpetforanymedalstheymighthavedropped.Thisis

aslightneckbow.Womenperformacurtsy.Simplyputonelegbehindtheother,bendyourknees,bowyourheadslightlyandfalloverbecauseyo

u’veneverdonethisbefore.ChattingupthequeenThefirstruleoftalkingtothequeen:Don’ttalk.Thatis,unlessspokento.Ifshedoesstartaconversation

andyoufindyou’verunoutofinterestingstufftodiscussafter“Hello”,breaktheicewithajoke.“Hey,whydidthequeengotothed

entist?”“Togetherteethcrowned!”DiningEverymealbeginsandendswiththequeen.Youcan’tstarteatinguntilshestarts,andyoustopwhenshestops.Thequeen

doesn’tappeartobealargeeater,soyoushouldwolfdownyourfoodincaseshepushestheplateawayafterafewbites.Whendining,theroyalsholdknivesintheirrighthandand

forksintheirleftwiththetinesfacingdown.（）1．Whatmustwomenhaveonfortheroyalwedding?A．MorningcoatsB．MilitaryuniformsC．Hatswit

hfascinatorsD．Cabbages（）2．Whichbehaviorisproperataroyalceremony?A．FalloverwhenyoubowtothequeenB．Don’tstarteating

untilthequeenstartsC．Don’ttalkevenifspokentoD．Pushtheplateawaywhileeating（）3．Whatisthemainwritingcharacteristicof

thetext?A．HumorousB．SeriousC．PlainD．OfficialBRecentstudiessuggestthatpeoplewhosuffermultiplebraininjuriesareatsignificantriskfordevelo

pingchronictraumaticencephalopathy(CTE),abraindisorderthatcausesavarietyofdangerousmentalandemotionalpro

blemstoariseweeks,months,orevenyearsaftertheinitialinjury.Thesepsychologicalproblemscanincludedepression,anxie

ty,memoryloss,inabilitytoconcentrateandsoon.Themajorityofpeoplewhodeveloptheseissuesareathleteswhoparticipateinpopularh

igh-impactsports,especiallyfootball.Althoughnewsportsregulationsandimprovementsinhelmettechnologycanhelpprotectplayers,amateurleagues,t

hesportsmedia,andfansallbearsomeoftheresponsibilityforreducingbraininjuries.Inresponsetothegrowingun

derstandingofthisdanger,theNationalFootballLeague(NFL)hasreviseditssafetyregulations.Inanefforttodiminishtheamountofheadand

neckinjuriesonthefield.NFLofficialsbeganenforcingstricterpenaltycallsforhelmet-to-helmetcontact,leadingwiththehead,andhittingadefe

nselessplayer.Furthermore,asof2010,ifaplayer’shelmetisaccidentallywrenchedfromhisheadduringplay,theballisimmediatelywhistleddead.Itishopedthatthesen

ewregulations,coupledwithadvancesinhelmetdesign,willreducethenumberofbraininjuries,andthuscurbfurthercaseso

fCTE.However,newregulationsattheprofessionallevelcannotprotectamateurplayers,especiallyyoungpeople.Deadlycases

ofCTEhavebeenreportedinvictimsasyoungas21.Youth,highschoolandcollegeleaguesshouldalsoadoptsafetyrulesevenstricterthanthoseoftheNFL.Further

more,youngathletesshouldbeeducatedabouttheseriousdangersofheadinjuriesatanearlyage.Perhapsthemostimportantfactorinreducingthenumbero

fbraininjuries,however,liesnotwiththeplayers,thecoaches,ortheadministrators,butwiththemediaandfans.Spo

rtsmediaproducershavebecomeaccustomedtoshowcasingthemostaggressivetacklesandthemostintenseplays.NFLbroadcastsoften

replayespeciallyviolentcollisionswhilethecommentatorsmarvelattheplayersphysicalprowess.Somesportshighlightstelevisionprogramsevenfe

atureweeklycountdownsofthe“hardesthits”.Whenthemediaexaltssuchdangerousbehavior,professionalsarerewardedforinjuringeachothero

nthefieldandamateursbecomemorelikelytotrytoimitatetheirfavoriteNFLathletes.Announcers,commentators,t

elevisionproducers,andsportswritersshouldengageinacollectiveefforttoceaseglorifyingbrutalplays.Inturn,fansshould

stopexpectingtheirfavoriteplayerstoputtheirlivesonthelineforthepurposesofentertainment.（）4．Basedoninformationi

nthepassage,itcanbeinferredthatallofthefollowingstatementsaretrueexceptthat____________.A．braininjuriescanleadtova

riousmentalandemotionalproblemsB．NFLofficialshavedonelittletoaddresstheproblemofCTEC．itisnotenoughtoadoptnew

regulationstoreducebraininjuriesattheprofessionallevelD．sportsmediaistoblameforencouragingbrutalplaysthatoftenresultinbraininjuries（）5．Whichofthefol

lowingisNOTthefactorthatcontributestoCTEinamateurplayers?A．inconsistentapplicationofsafetyregulationsforalllevels.B．lackofeducationaboutthedangerso

fheadinjuries.C．amateurplayers’desiretoimitateprofessionals.D．theadoptionofstrictersafetyrulesbyyouth,highschool,andcollegeleagues.（）6．W

hichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“exalts”inthelastparagraph?A．praisesB．criticizesC．showsD．mentions（）7．Thewriterof

thepassagemainlywantsto____________.A．sharehisknowledgeaboutCETcausedbybraininjuriesB．warnhisreadersagainstplayingfootballtoav

oidbraininjuriesC．callpublicattentiontothenewregulationsadoptedbyNFLD．conveyhisideasabouttheproblemofCETCTheEbroDelta,inSpain

,famousasabattlegroundduringtheSpanishCivilWar,isnowthesettingforadifferentcontest,onethatismakingricef

armersfightagainsttwoenemies:therice-eatinggiantapplesnail,andrisingsealevels.WhathappensherewillhaveabearingonthefutureofEuropeanricepro

ductionandtheoverallhealthofsouthernEuropeanwetlands.LocatedontheMediterranean,justtwohourssouthofBarcelona,theEbroDeltaproduces120millionkilo

gramsofriceayear,makingitoneofthecontinent’smostimportantrice-growingareas.Astheseacreepsintothesefresh-watermarshes,ho

wever,risingsalinity(盐度)ishurtingriceproduction.Atthesametime,thissea-wateralsokillsoffthegreedygiantapplesnail,anintroducedpestt

hatfeedsonyoungriceplants.Themostpromisingstrategyhasbecometoplayoneenemyoffagainsttheother.Thebattleiscurrentlybeingwagedo

nland,ingreenhousesattheUniversityofBarcelona.Scientistsworkingunderthebanner“ProjectNeurice”areseekingvarietiesofricethatc

anwithstandtheincreasingsalinitywithoutlosingtheabsorbencythatmakesEuropeanriceidealfortraditionalSpanishandItaliandishes.“Thep

rojecthastwosides,”saysXavierSerrat,NeuriceprojectmanagerandresearcherattheUniversityofBarcelona,“theshort-termfightagain

stthesnail,andamid-tolong-termfightagainstclimatechange.Butthesnailhasgiventheprojectgreaterurgency.”OriginallyfromS

outhAmerica,thesnailswereaccidentallyintroducedintotheEbroDeltabyGlobalAquaticTechnologies,acompanythatraisedthesnai

lsforfresh-wateraquariums(水族馆)butfailedtopreventtheirescape.Fornow,thegiantapplesnail’spresenceinEuro

peislimitedtotheEbroDelta.Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,saysSerrat.“Thequestionisnotwhetheritwillreachother

rice-growingareasofEurope,butwhen.”Overthenextyearandahalfinvestigatorswilltestthevariousstrainsofsalttolerantricethey’vebred.In201

8,farmerswillplantthevarietieswiththemostpromiseintheEbroDeltaandEurope’sothertwomainrice-growingregionsalongthePoinItaly,andFrance’sR

hone.Aseasoninthefieldwillhelpdeterminewhich,ifany,ofthevarietiesarereadyforcommercialization.AsanEU-fundedeff

ort,thesearchforsalt-tolerantvarietiesofriceistakingplaceinallthreecountries.Eachteamiscrossbreedinga

localEuropeanshort-grainricewithalong-grainAsianvarietythatcarriesthesaltresistantgene.Thescientistsarebreedi

ngsuccessivegenerationstoarriveatvarietiesthatincorporatesalttolerancebutretainabout97percentoftheEur

opeanricegenome(基因组).（）8．WhydoestheauthormentiontheSpanishCivilWaratthebeginningofthepassage?A．IthasgreatimpactonthelivesofSpanishricefa

rmers.B．ItisofgreatsignificanceintherecordsofSpanishhistory.C．Ricefarmersthereareengagedinanotherkindofbattleofsimila

rimportance.D．Ricefarmersthereareexperiencingthehardshipsofwartime.（）9．Whatmaybethemosteffectivestrategyforricefarmerstoemployinf

ightingtheirenemies?A．Strikingtheweakerenemyfirst.B．Killingtwobirdswithonestone.C．Eliminatingtheenemyon

ebyone.D．Usingoneeviltofightagainsttheother.（）10．WhatdoesNeuriceprojectmanagersayaboutthegiantapplesnail?A．Itcansurvive

onlyonsouthernEuropeanwetlands.B．Itwillinvadeotherrice-growingregionsofEurope.C．Itmultipliesataspeedbeyondhumanimagination.D．Itwasintroducedin

tothericefieldsonpurpose.（）11．WhatistheultimategoaloftheEU-fundedprogram?A．Cultivatingidealsalt-resistantricevarieties.B．Increasingt

heabsorbencyoftheSpanishrice.C．IntroducingSpanishricetotherestofEurope.D．Popularizingthericecrossbreedingtechnology.DItis

notuncommonforclosesynonymstobeunderstoodtosharethesamemeaning.Thedifferencebetweenwordslike“hard”and“difficult”,forexample,goestragicall

yunnoticed.Takeforexamplethefollowingsentences:1)Thetestwashard.2)Thetestwasdifficult.Isthereanoticeabledifferenc

ebetweentheatall?Ifnot,whatwouldbethepointtohavingmultiplewordswiththeexactsamemeaning?Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotth

esame,dictionarydefinitions,thefeelingormoodtheyconveyisutterlysingular,ifthereisindeedadifferencebetweenwordsli

ke“hard”and“difficult”,whatisit?Tobegin,“hard”ispragmaticandrealistic,firmlygroundedinreality.Ontheotherhand,“difficult”iscivilized,willingt

omaketheeffortnecessarytoappearpolite.Furthermore,“hard”ismorelikelytobeusedincasual,informalcircumstances.It

isusedwithoutpretense,anddoesnotmaintainafeelingofbeingoverlyconcerned.Intermsofdailyusage,“hard”maybeem

ployedbyanexhaustedbrickmason(石匠)whenposedwiththequestion,“Howwasyourday”Conversely,“difficult”maybeusedbyamilitarygeneraluponexplainingtohisorhers

uperiortheprogressionofaparticularlytaxingcampaign.Now,let’slookatthesynonyms,“happy”and“glad”.Takefore

xamplethefollowingsentences:1)Tommyishappybecausehegotanewbike.2)Tommyisgladbecausehegotanewbike.Again,uponconsultingadictionary,onewillfindhighl

ysimilar,ifnotthesame,definitions.Butthesedefinitionslackthefeeling,theuniqueemotionalchargethatthesewordsconvey.Theword“happy”conve

ysasenseofacarefreeattitude.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“happy”conveystheimageofabright-eyed,ruddy,smiling

face.Oneis“happy”onthemorningofhisbirthday,discoveringanewpuppyboundingintohisbedroom.Ontheotherhand,theword“glad

”conveysasenseofrelieforcontentment.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“glad”conveystheimageofamanstandingcrossed-armed,noddinggently.Granted,thenotiontha

tclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeablyisprevalentamongEnglishspeakers.However,usingtheexamplesandinsightsdescri

bedabove,onemaycometorecognizethesesubtle,yetcrucial,differences.（）12．Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescrib

esthemainideaofthispassage?A．Closesynonymsaredifficulttocomprehend,andarecommonlyusedinterchangeably.B．Contrarytopopularbelief,import

antdifferencesexistbetweencomeclosesynonyms.C．Thedifferencebetweenthewords“hard”and“difficult”isvaguetomost.D．MostEnglishspeakers

believeclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeably.（）13．Whichisclosestinmeaningwith“utterlysingular”inthesecondparagraph?A．justthesameB．q

uitetheoppositeC．verysimilarD．totallydifferent（）14．Thewriterwouldagreethat____________.A．InEnglish,wehavemultiplewordswiththeexactsamemean

ingB．ClosesynonymsshouldnotbeusedinterchangeablyC．Bysaying“Itwashard”,onetriestosoundpoliteandformalD．Thedifferencebetweenclosesynonymsaret

oosubtleandthusunimportant（）15．Itcanbeinferredthat____________.A．dictionariesareoflittlehelpwhenitcomestoclarifyingt

hedifferencesbetweenclosesynonymsB．closesynonymslike“happy”and“glad”arelargelymisusedamongEnglishspeakersC．amilitarygeneralwouldneveruseaword

like“hard”or“happy”D．Itisimpossibletorecognizetherealdifferencesbetweenclosesynonyms第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可

以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultureshockisn'taclinicaltermormedicalcondition.It'ssimplyacommonwaytodescribetheconfusing

andnervousfeelingsapersonmayhaveafterleavingafamiliarculturetoliveinanewanddifferentculture.16．Thatcanbeexciting,buti

tcanalsobeoverwhelming(不可抗拒的).Everyonefeelsthepressuretofitinatonetimeoranother---whetherthey'velivedintheareafordaysor

years.17．Allofyourexperiencesbeforeyoucametoyournewhomearepartofyou,andwhatmakesyouspecial.Hereareafewtipsformakingsu

reyournewculturedoesn'toverpowertheold:Educatepeopleaboutyourculture.Justbecauseyou'retheoneenteringt

henewculturedoesn'tmeanyoushouldbetheonedoingallthelearning.Taketheopportunitytoteachclassmatesandnewfriendsaboutyo

urculture;theymayknowlittleaboutit.18．Invitethemoverfortraditionaldishesfromyourculture.Findasupportgroup.Findkidsinyourclassorneighborhoodwhor

ecentlymoved,too.Youcanshareexperiences.Keepintouchwithhome.Youprobablyleftbehindgoodfriendsandfamilywhenyoumoved.Ifit'sgoingtobeal

ongtimeuntilyournextvisit,keepintouch.You'venotonlyleftbehindpeople,butalsootherthings-likeyourfavoritesp

ottohangout,19．Remember,thekeytogettingoveryourcultureshockisunderstandingthenewcultureandfindingawaytolivecomfortablywithinitwhilekeepingtruet

othepartsofyourculturethatyouvalue.20．Trynottoforceyourselftochangetoofastortochangetoomanythingsallatonce.Youwi

llhaveyourownpaceofadjusting.Everyonegoesthroughchangesintheirlife,anditmayseemthatyouaregoingthroughmorechangesthantheaveragepers

on----butaslongasyouholdontowhat'simportanttoyouandfindagoodcombinationbetweenoldandnew,you'llbefine.A．It'simportanttobeyourse

lf.B．Keeppicturesaroundtoremindyouofhome.C．Butthegoodnewsisthatcultureshockistemporary.D．Itwillalsohelpthemtolearnmoreaboutyouintheprocess.E.Whe

nyoumovetoanewplace,you'reboundtofacealotofchanges.F.Makingfriendswhoaren'tnewtotheculturemayhelpyouunderstandt

heculturebetter.G.Butdon'tfeellikeyouneedtochangeeverythingaboutyourselfsoyoucanstandoutless.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小

题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。An11-yearoldboyfromNigeriaimpressedtheworldwithanonlinevideoofhisballet

(芭蕾)dancingintherain.Thensomething21followed.Maduisoneof12studentsofadanceschool.Daniel,theschoolfounder,isteac

hingchildrenforfreeandhopesto“changesomecommonlyheld22aboutballet.”Gracefullyspinning(旋转)amongagroupofgirldancers,Ma

du23.Whilehismomwantedhimtobecomeapriest(牧师),theboypusheshimselfhardtobewhathe24tobe.“Ilovedancingandi

tgivesmeagreatfeeling.Peoplethinkballetisonlyforgirls,butIwantpeopleto25thataboycoulddothesame,”Madusaid.ThevideoofMadu26hisballets

killsinthedownpourgot27frommillions,includingMrs.Harvey,directorfromatopUSdanceschool,whodecidedto28

.She29MaduwithafullscholarshiptoherschoolandofferedDanielanonlinecourseforfreeto30histeaching.BothMaduandhisteacherwent31atthesurpri

se!“Sorryfordisappointingmom.Ilovethe32butnottheprayerandI’llnevergiveitup,”theboy33.34,whenyounourish(滋养)yourdreamwithloveand35,opportunitiesw

illfindtheirownway.()21．A．strangeB．amazingC．interestingD．humorous()22．A．ruleB．choiceC．hopeD．belief()23．A．standsoutB．lookso

utC．cheersupD．turnsup()24．A．pretendsB．desiresC．happensD．fails()25．A．permitB．wonderC．seeD．explore()26．A．tea

chingB．buildingC．correctingD．showing()27．A．responsesB．adviceC．smilesD．agreements()28．A．contactB．admitC．findD．help()29．A．answe

redB．attractedC．providedD．relaxed()30．A．betterB．startC．quitD．pay()31．A．teacherB．wildC．coldD．drunk()32．A．teacherB．videoC．stageD．chance()33．A．hesit

atedB．regrettedC．laughedD．interrupted()34．A．InterestinglyB．ClearlyC．SpeciallyD．Occasionally()35．A．prideB

．curiosityC．moneyD．devotion第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Althoughsometimesitmays

eemimpossibletogetalongasafamily.youcantakeactiontoimprovethesituation.Thekeyto36．(keep)thepeaceisregularandhonest37．(communicate)

.Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminute38．(calm)downandtrytounderstandthesituationfromtheirpointofv

iew.Perhapstheyhaveexperiencedsomethingsimilar39．donotwantyoutogothroughthesamepain.Afteryouhavethought40．through,explainyouracti

onsandfeelingscalmly,listen41．(care),andaddresstheirconcerns.42．thiskindofhealthydiscussion,youwilllearnwhentobackdownandwhentoaskyou

rparentstorelaxtheircontrol.Justrememberthatitiscompletelynormaltostrugglewiththestressthatparent-childtensionscreate,and43．youandyour

parentscanworktogethertoimproveyourrelationship.Thegoodnewsisthatthis44．(storm)periodwillnotlast.Everythingwillturnoutal

lrightintheend,andthechangesandchallengesofyourteenageyearswillprepareyoufor45．(adult).第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Peter计

划在国庆假期到西安旅游两天，希望你给他提供游览建议，请你回信，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.推荐景点游览路线（如：兵马俑Terra-cotterWarriors;城墙CityWall;西安历史博物馆Xi’anHistoricalMuseum）；3.注意疫情防护。注意：1.词数

100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总次数。DearPeter,IamgladtolearnfromyourletterthatyouaregoingtopayavisittoXi’anduringtheNationalDayHoliday.__

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分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。OldManDonovanwasameanmanwhohatedchildren.Hethrewrocksatthemandevenshotatthemwithashotgun.At

leastthat'swhatwehadheard.Hissmallfarmborderedourneighborhoodwheremyyoungersister,LeighAnn,andIlivedwhenweweregrowingup.Hisfarmwaslong,nar

row,andquaint.Itheldtwotreasures.Onewashisbeautifulfruit.Thereweremanyvarietiesoffruit:pears,apples,andlotsmoreIjustcan

'tthinkof.Thefruitnaturallydrewthechildrentohisland.Itmadethemintothieves.ButmysisterandIdidn'tdaretotakehisfruitb

ecauseofthehorriblerumorswehadheardaboutOldManDonovan.Onesummerday,wewereplayinginanearbyfield.Itwastimetoheadbackho

me.MysisterandIwerefeelingverydaringthatday.TherewasashortcuttoourhousethatwentthroughtheDonovanfarm.Wethoughthe

wouldn'tbeabletoseeusrunacrosshispropertyaroundtheluscious(可口味美的)fruittrees.Wewerealmostthroughthefarmwhenweheard,“Hey,girls!”inagruff(粗哑的),low

voice.Westoppeddeadinourtracks!Therewewere,facetofacewithOldManDonovan.Ourkneeswereshaking.Wehadvisionsofrockspoundingourbodie

sandbulletspiercingourhearts.“Comehere,”hesaid,reachinguptooneofhisappletrees.Stillshaking,wewentovertohim.H

eheldoutseveralripe,juicy,redapples.“Takethesehome,”hecommanded.Wetooktheappleswithsurprisedheartsandr

anallthewayhome.Ofcourse,LeighAnnandIatetheapples.Astimewenton,weoftenwentthroughOldManDonovan’sfarm,andhekeptong

ivingusmorelusciousfruit.Oneday,westoppedbytoseehimwhenhewasonhisfrontporch(门廊).Wetalkedtohimforhours.Whilehewastalking,werealizedthatwehadfound

theotherhiddentreasure:thesweet,kindhearthiddenbehindhisgruffvoice.Soon,hewasoneofourfavoritepeopletotalkto.Paragraph1:Everysummer,wewouldvis

itMr.Donovanandtalktohim.__________________________________________________________________________________

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xtwinter,wordgotaroundthatOldManDonovanhaddied.____________________________________________________________

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