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绝密★启用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试卷（一）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASoyou’regoingtotheroyalwedding!Let’sr

eviewachecklistofeverythingyou’llneedtoknow.WhattowearattheceremonyDidyougetyourfascinatoryet?That’satrickquestionbecauseyouprobablydon’te

venknowwhatafascinatoris.Royaldresscodeetiquette(礼仪)statesthatwomenmustwearhatsforformalevents,andfa

scinatorsarethepreferredaccessory(配饰).Thesefunnyhatsboastalargedecorativedesign.Ifyouhaven’tpackedone,noworries.Sim

plyglueacabbagetothesideofyourhead.Noonewillbethewiser,andyoucanalwayssnackonyourfascinatorshouldtheweddingceremonydragon.

Gentlemenareexpectedtowearmorningcoatsandtophats.Royalswilllikelyweartheirmilitaryuniforms.MeetingtheroyalsMen,whengre

etingtheroyals,asimplebowwilldo.Notsolowthatitlooksasifyou’reexaminingthecarpetforanymedalstheymighthavedropped.Thisisasli

ghtneckbow.Womenperformacurtsy.Simplyputonelegbehindtheother,bendyourknees,bowyourheadslightlyandfal

loverbecauseyou’veneverdonethisbefore.ChattingupthequeenThefirstruleoftalkingtothequeen:Don’ttalk.Thatis,unlessspokento.Ifshedoess

tartaconversationandyoufindyou’verunoutofinterestingstufftodiscussafter“Hello”,breaktheicewithajoke.“Hey,whydidthequ

eengotothedentist?”“Togetherteethcrowned!”DiningEverymealbeginsandendswiththequeen.Youcan’tstarteatinguntilshestarts,andyoustopwhenshe

stops.Thequeendoesn’tappeartobealargeeater,soyoushouldwolfdownyourfoodincaseshepushestheplateawayafterafewbites.Whendining,theroyalsholdknivesinthei

rrighthandandforksintheirleftwiththetinesfacingdown.（）1．Whatmustwomenhaveonfortheroyalwedding?A．MorningcoatsB．MilitaryuniformsC．Hats

withfascinatorsD．Cabbages（）2．Whichbehaviorisproperataroyalceremony?A．FalloverwhenyoubowtothequeenB．Don’tstarteatinguntilthequeens

tartsC．Don’ttalkevenifspokentoD．Pushtheplateawaywhileeating（）3．Whatisthemainwritingcharacteristicofthetext?A．HumorousB．SeriousC．

PlainD．OfficialBRecentstudiessuggestthatpeoplewhosuffermultiplebraininjuriesareatsignificantriskfordevelo

pingchronictraumaticencephalopathy(CTE),abraindisorderthatcausesavarietyofdangerousmentalandemotionalproblemstoariseweeks,mo

nths,orevenyearsaftertheinitialinjury.Thesepsychologicalproblemscanincludedepression,anxiety,memoryloss,inabilitytoconcentrateandso

on.Themajorityofpeoplewhodeveloptheseissuesareathleteswhoparticipateinpopularhigh-impactsports,especi

allyfootball.Althoughnewsportsregulationsandimprovementsinhelmettechnologycanhelpprotectplayers,amateurleagues

,thesportsmedia,andfansallbearsomeoftheresponsibilityforreducingbraininjuries.Inresponsetothegrowingunderstandingofthisdanger,theNationalFootba

llLeague(NFL)hasreviseditssafetyregulations.Inanefforttodiminishtheamountofheadandneckinjuriesonthefield.NFLofficialsbeganenforcingstricterpena

ltycallsforhelmet-to-helmetcontact,leadingwiththehead,andhittingadefenselessplayer.Furthermore,asof2010,ifaplayer’shelmetisaccidentallywrench

edfromhisheadduringplay,theballisimmediatelywhistleddead.Itishopedthatthesenewregulations,coupledwithadvancesinhelmetdesign,willred

ucethenumberofbraininjuries,andthuscurbfurthercasesofCTE.However,newregulationsattheprofessionallevelcannotprotectamateurplayers,especial

lyyoungpeople.DeadlycasesofCTEhavebeenreportedinvictimsasyoungas21.Youth,highschoolandcollegeleaguesshouldalsoadop

tsafetyrulesevenstricterthanthoseoftheNFL.Furthermore,youngathletesshouldbeeducatedabouttheseriousdangersofheadinjuriesatanearlyage

.Perhapsthemostimportantfactorinreducingthenumberofbraininjuries,however,liesnotwiththeplayers,thecoaches,ortheadministrators,butwiththemediaandfa

ns.Sportsmediaproducershavebecomeaccustomedtoshowcasingthemostaggressivetacklesandthemostintenseplays.NFLbroadc

astsoftenreplayespeciallyviolentcollisionswhilethecommentatorsmarvelattheplayersphysicalprowess.Somesportshighlightstelevisionprogra

msevenfeatureweeklycountdownsofthe“hardesthits”.Whenthemediaexaltssuchdangerousbehavior,professionalsarerewardedforinjuringeachotheronthefieldanda

mateursbecomemorelikelytotrytoimitatetheirfavoriteNFLathletes.Announcers,commentators,televisionproducers,andsportswritersshouldengage

inacollectiveefforttoceaseglorifyingbrutalplays.Inturn,fansshouldstopexpectingtheirfavoriteplayerstoputtheirlivesonthe

lineforthepurposesofentertainment.（）4．Basedoninformationinthepassage,itcanbeinferredthatallofthefollowingstatementsaretrueexceptthat____________.A．b

raininjuriescanleadtovariousmentalandemotionalproblemsB．NFLofficialshavedonelittletoaddresstheproblemofCTEC．itisnotenoughtoadoptnewregulatio

nstoreducebraininjuriesattheprofessionallevelD．sportsmediaistoblameforencouragingbrutalplaysthatoftenresultinbraininjuries

（）5．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefactorthatcontributestoCTEinamateurplayers?A．inconsistentapplicationofsafetyregulationsfor

alllevels.B．lackofeducationaboutthedangersofheadinjuries.C．amateurplayers’desiretoimitateprofessionals.D．thead

optionofstrictersafetyrulesbyyouth,highschool,andcollegeleagues.（）6．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“exalts”inthela

stparagraph?A．praisesB．criticizesC．showsD．mentions（）7．Thewriterofthepassagemainlywantsto____________.A．sharehisknow

ledgeaboutCETcausedbybraininjuriesB．warnhisreadersagainstplayingfootballtoavoidbraininjuriesC．callpublicattentiontothenewregulationsadoptedbyNFLD．c

onveyhisideasabouttheproblemofCETCTheEbroDelta,inSpain,famousasabattlegroundduringtheSpanishCivilWar,isnowthesettingforadif

ferentcontest,onethatismakingricefarmersfightagainsttwoenemies:therice-eatinggiantapplesnail,andrisings

ealevels.WhathappensherewillhaveabearingonthefutureofEuropeanriceproductionandtheoverallhealthofsouthernEuropeanwetlands.LocatedontheMedi

terranean,justtwohourssouthofBarcelona,theEbroDeltaproduces120millionkilogramsofriceayear,makingitoneofthecontinent’

smostimportantrice-growingareas.Astheseacreepsintothesefresh-watermarshes,however,risingsalinity(盐度)ishurtingriceproduction.At

thesametime,thissea-wateralsokillsoffthegreedygiantapplesnail,anintroducedpestthatfeedsonyoungriceplants.Themostpromisingstrategyhasbecometoplay

oneenemyoffagainsttheother.Thebattleiscurrentlybeingwagedonland,ingreenhousesattheUniversityofBarcelona.Scientistsworkingun

derthebanner“ProjectNeurice”areseekingvarietiesofricethatcanwithstandtheincreasingsalinitywithoutlosingtheabsorbencythatmakesEuropeanriceidea

lfortraditionalSpanishandItaliandishes.“Theprojecthastwosides,”saysXavierSerrat,Neuriceprojectmanage

randresearcherattheUniversityofBarcelona,“theshort-termfightagainstthesnail,andamid-tolong-termfightagainstclimatechange.

Butthesnailhasgiventheprojectgreaterurgency.”OriginallyfromSouthAmerica,thesnailswereaccidentallyintroducedintotheEbroDeltabyG

lobalAquaticTechnologies,acompanythatraisedthesnailsforfresh-wateraquariums(水族馆)butfailedtopreventtheirescape.Forn

ow,thegiantapplesnail’spresenceinEuropeislimitedtotheEbroDelta.Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterrito

ry,saysSerrat.“Thequestionisnotwhetheritwillreachotherrice-growingareasofEurope,butwhen.”Overthenextyearandahalf

investigatorswilltestthevariousstrainsofsalttolerantricethey’vebred.In2018,farmerswillplantthevarietieswiththemostpromiseintheEbroDelt

aandEurope’sothertwomainrice-growingregionsalongthePoinItaly,andFrance’sRhone.Aseasoninthefieldwillhelpdeterminewhich,ifany,ofthevarietiesarer

eadyforcommercialization.AsanEU-fundedeffort,thesearchforsalt-tolerantvarietiesofriceistakingplaceinallthreecountries.

EachteamiscrossbreedingalocalEuropeanshort-grainricewithalong-grainAsianvarietythatcarriesthesaltresista

ntgene.Thescientistsarebreedingsuccessivegenerationstoarriveatvarietiesthatincorporatesalttolerancebutretainabo

ut97percentoftheEuropeanricegenome(基因组).（）8．WhydoestheauthormentiontheSpanishCivilWaratthebeginningofthepassage?A．Ithasgr

eatimpactonthelivesofSpanishricefarmers.B．ItisofgreatsignificanceintherecordsofSpanishhistory.C．Ricefarmersthereareengage

dinanotherkindofbattleofsimilarimportance.D．Ricefarmersthereareexperiencingthehardshipsofwartime.（）9．Whatmay

bethemosteffectivestrategyforricefarmerstoemployinfightingtheirenemies?A．Strikingtheweakerenemyfirst.B．Killingtwobi

rdswithonestone.C．Eliminatingtheenemyonebyone.D．Usingoneeviltofightagainsttheother.（）10．WhatdoesNeuriceprojec

tmanagersayaboutthegiantapplesnail?A．ItcansurviveonlyonsouthernEuropeanwetlands.B．Itwillinvadeotherrice-growingregionsofEurope.C．Itmultiplie

sataspeedbeyondhumanimagination.D．Itwasintroducedintothericefieldsonpurpose.（）11．WhatistheultimategoaloftheEU-fundedprogra

m?A．Cultivatingidealsalt-resistantricevarieties.B．IncreasingtheabsorbencyoftheSpanishrice.C．IntroducingSpanishricetotherestofEurope.D．Popu

larizingthericecrossbreedingtechnology.DItisnotuncommonforclosesynonymstobeunderstoodtosharethesamemeaning.Thedifferencebetweenwordslike“ha

rd”and“difficult”,forexample,goestragicallyunnoticed.Takeforexamplethefollowingsentences:1)Thetestwash

ard.2)Thetestwasdifficult.Isthereanoticeabledifferencebetweentheatall?Ifnot,whatwouldbethepointtohavingmultiplewordswiththeexactsamemeaning?Whil

emanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,dictionarydefinitions,thefeelingormoodtheyconveyisutterlysingular,ifthereisindeedadifferencebetweenwordsl

ike“hard”and“difficult”,whatisit?Tobegin,“hard”ispragmaticandrealistic,firmlygroundedinreality.Ontheotherhand,

“difficult”iscivilized,willingtomaketheeffortnecessarytoappearpolite.Furthermore,“hard”ismorelikelytobeusedincasual,informalcircumstan

ces.Itisusedwithoutpretense,anddoesnotmaintainafeelingofbeingoverlyconcerned.Intermsofdailyusage,“hard”m

aybeemployedbyanexhaustedbrickmason(石匠)whenposedwiththequestion,“Howwasyourday”Conversely,“difficult”maybeusedbyamilitarygeneraluponexplain

ingtohisorhersuperiortheprogressionofaparticularlytaxingcampaign.Now,let’slookatthesynonyms,“happy”and“glad”.T

akeforexamplethefollowingsentences:1)Tommyishappybecausehegotanewbike.2)Tommyisgladbecausehegotanewb

ike.Again,uponconsultingadictionary,onewillfindhighlysimilar,ifnotthesame,definitions.Butthesedefinitionslackthefeeling,theuniqueemotionalc

hargethatthesewordsconvey.Theword“happy”conveysasenseofacarefreeattitude.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“happy”conveystheimageofab

right-eyed,ruddy,smilingface.Oneis“happy”onthemorningofhisbirthday,discoveringanewpuppyboundingintohisbedroom.Ontheother

hand,theword“glad”conveysasenseofrelieforcontentment.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“glad”conveystheimageofam

anstandingcrossed-armed,noddinggently.Granted,thenotionthatclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeablyisprevalentamongEnglishspeakers.However,usingt

heexamplesandinsightsdescribedabove,onemaycometorecognizethesesubtle,yetcrucial,differences.（）12．Whichofthefollowingstat

ementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthispassage?A．Closesynonymsaredifficulttocomprehend,andarecommonlyusedinterchangeably.B．Contrarytopopularbelief,

importantdifferencesexistbetweencomeclosesynonyms.C．Thedifferencebetweenthewords“hard”and“difficult”isvaguetomost.D．MostEnglishspe

akersbelieveclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeably.（）13．Whichisclosestinmeaningwith“utterlysingular”inthesecondparagraph?A．justthesameB．quitetheoppo

siteC．verysimilarD．totallydifferent（）14．Thewriterwouldagreethat____________.A．InEnglish,wehavemultiplewordswiththeexactsamemean

ingB．ClosesynonymsshouldnotbeusedinterchangeablyC．Bysaying“Itwashard”,onetriestosoundpoliteandformalD．Thedifferencebetweenclos

esynonymsaretoosubtleandthusunimportant（）15．Itcanbeinferredthat____________.A．dictionariesareoflittlehelpwhenitcomestoclarifyingthed

ifferencesbetweenclosesynonymsB．closesynonymslike“happy”and“glad”arelargelymisusedamongEnglishspeakersC．amilitarygeneralw

ouldneveruseawordlike“hard”or“happy”D．Itisimpossibletorecognizetherealdifferencesbetweenclosesynonyms第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12

.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultureshockisn'taclinicaltermormedicalcondition.It'ssimplyacommonwaytodescribetheco

nfusingandnervousfeelingsapersonmayhaveafterleavingafamiliarculturetoliveinanewanddifferentculture.16．Thatcanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeo

verwhelming(不可抗拒的).Everyonefeelsthepressuretofitinatonetimeoranother---whetherthey'velivedintheareafordaysory

ears.17．Allofyourexperiencesbeforeyoucametoyournewhomearepartofyou,andwhatmakesyouspecial.Hereareafewtipsformakingsureyournewculturedoes

n'toverpowertheold:Educatepeopleaboutyourculture.Justbecauseyou'retheoneenteringthenewculturedoesn'tmeanyoushouldb

etheonedoingallthelearning.Taketheopportunitytoteachclassmatesandnewfriendsaboutyourculture;theymayknowlittleabouti

t.18．Invitethemoverfortraditionaldishesfromyourculture.Findasupportgroup.Findkidsinyourclassorneighborhoodwhorecentlymoved,too.Youcansha

reexperiences.Keepintouchwithhome.Youprobablyleftbehindgoodfriendsandfamilywhenyoumoved.Ifit'sgoingtobeal

ongtimeuntilyournextvisit,keepintouch.You'venotonlyleftbehindpeople,butalsootherthings-likeyourfavoritespot

tohangout,19．Remember,thekeytogettingoveryourcultureshockisunderstandingthenewcultureandfindingawaytolivecomfortablywithinitwhile

keepingtruetothepartsofyourculturethatyouvalue.20．Trynottoforceyourselftochangetoofastortochangetoomanythingsallatonce.

Youwillhaveyourownpaceofadjusting.Everyonegoesthroughchangesintheirlife,anditmayseemthatyouaregoingthroughmorechang

esthantheaverageperson----butaslongasyouholdontowhat'simportanttoyouandfindagoodcombinationbetweenoldandne

w,you'llbefine.A．It'simportanttobeyourself.B．Keeppicturesaroundtoremindyouofhome.C．Butthegoodnewsisthatcultureshockistemporary.D．Itwillalsohelpthemto

learnmoreaboutyouintheprocess.E.Whenyoumovetoanewplace,you'reboundtofacealotofchanges.F.Makingfriendswhoaren'tne

wtotheculturemayhelpyouunderstandtheculturebetter.G.Butdon'tfeellikeyouneedtochangeeverythingaboutyourselfsoyoucanstandoutl

ess.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。An11-yearoldboyfromNigeriaimpressedtheworldwi

thanonlinevideoofhisballet(芭蕾)dancingintherain.Thensomething21followed.Maduisoneof12studentsofadanceschool.Daniel,th

eschoolfounder,isteachingchildrenforfreeandhopesto“changesomecommonlyheld22aboutballet.”Gracefullyspin

ning(旋转)amongagroupofgirldancers,Madu23.Whilehismomwantedhimtobecomeapriest(牧师),theboypusheshimselfhardtobe

whathe24tobe.“Ilovedancinganditgivesmeagreatfeeling.Peoplethinkballetisonlyforgirls,butIwantpeopleto25thataboycoulddothesame,”Madusa

id.ThevideoofMadu26hisballetskillsinthedownpourgot27frommillions,includingMrs.Harvey,directorfromatopUSdancescho

ol,whodecidedto28.She29MaduwithafullscholarshiptoherschoolandofferedDanielanonlinecourseforfreeto30histeaching.B

othMaduandhisteacherwent31atthesurprise!“Sorryfordisappointingmom.Ilovethe32butnottheprayerandI’llnevergiveitup,”theboy33.34,w

henyounourish(滋养)yourdreamwithloveand35,opportunitieswillfindtheirownway.()21．A．strangeB．amazingC．interestingD．humorous()2

2．A．ruleB．choiceC．hopeD．belief()23．A．standsoutB．looksoutC．cheersupD．turnsup()24．A．pretendsB．desiresC．happensD．fails()25．A．permitB．wonderC．see

D．explore()26．A．teachingB．buildingC．correctingD．showing()27．A．responsesB．adviceC．smilesD．agreements()28．A．contactB．ad

mitC．findD．help()29．A．answeredB．attractedC．providedD．relaxed()30．A．betterB．startC．quitD．pay()31．A．teache

rB．wildC．coldD．drunk()32．A．teacherB．videoC．stageD．chance()33．A．hesitatedB．regrettedC．laughedD．interrupted()34．A．InterestinglyB．ClearlyC．Spec

iallyD．Occasionally()35．A．prideB．curiosityC．moneyD．devotion第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Althoughsometimesitm

ayseemimpossibletogetalongasafamily.youcantakeactiontoimprovethesituation.Thekeyto36．(keep)thepeaceisregularandhonest37．(communicate).Whenyoudi

sagreewithyourparents,takeaminute38．(calm)downandtrytounderstandthesituationfromtheirpointofview.Perhapsthe

yhaveexperiencedsomethingsimilar39．donotwantyoutogothroughthesamepain.Afteryouhavethought40．through,explainyouractionsandfeelingscalmly

,listen41．(care),andaddresstheirconcerns.42．thiskindofhealthydiscussion,youwilllearnwhentobackdownandwhentoaskyourparentstorelaxtheircont

rol.Justrememberthatitiscompletelynormaltostrugglewiththestressthatparent-childtensionscreate,and43．youandyourparentsca

nworktogethertoimproveyourrelationship.Thegoodnewsisthatthis44．(storm)periodwillnotlast.Everythingwillt

urnoutallrightintheend,andthechangesandchallengesofyourteenageyearswillprepareyoufor45．(adult).第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是

李华，你的外国朋友Peter计划在国庆假期到西安旅游两天，希望你给他提供游览建议，请你回信，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.推荐景点游览路线（如：兵马俑Terra-cotterWarriors;城墙CityWall;西安历史博物馆

Xi’anHistoricalMuseum）；3.注意疫情防护。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总次数。DearPeter,Iamgladtolearn

fromyourletterthatyouaregoingtopayavisittoXi’anduringtheNationalDayHoliday._____________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所

给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。OldManDonovanwasameanmanwhohatedchildren.Hethrewrocksatthemandevenshotatthemwithashotgu

n.Atleastthat'swhatwehadheard.Hissmallfarmborderedourneighborhoodwheremyyoungersister,LeighAnn,andIlivedwhenweweregrowingup.

Hisfarmwaslong,narrow,andquaint.Itheldtwotreasures.Onewashisbeautifulfruit.Thereweremanyvarietiesoffrui

t:pears,apples,andlotsmoreIjustcan'tthinkof.Thefruitnaturallydrewthechildrentohisland.Itmadethemintothieves.

ButmysisterandIdidn'tdaretotakehisfruitbecauseofthehorriblerumorswehadheardaboutOldManDonovan.Onesummerday,wewerepl

ayinginanearbyfield.Itwastimetoheadbackhome.MysisterandIwerefeelingverydaringthatday.TherewasashortcuttoourhousethatwentthroughtheDonovanfar

m.Wethoughthewouldn'tbeabletoseeusrunacrosshispropertyaroundtheluscious(可口味美的)fruittrees.Wewerealmostthroughthefarmwhenweheard,“Hey,girls!”inag

ruff(粗哑的),lowvoice.Westoppeddeadinourtracks!Therewewere,facetofacewithOldManDonovan.Ourkneeswereshaking.Wehadvisionsofr

ockspoundingourbodiesandbulletspiercingourhearts.“Comehere,”hesaid,reachinguptooneofhisappletrees.Stillshaking,wewen

tovertohim.Heheldoutseveralripe,juicy,redapples.“Takethesehome,”hecommanded.Wetooktheappleswithsurprised

heartsandranallthewayhome.Ofcourse,LeighAnnandIatetheapples.Astimewenton,weoftenwentthroughOldManDonovan’sfarm

,andhekeptongivingusmorelusciousfruit.Oneday,westoppedbytoseehimwhenhewasonhisfrontporch(门廊).Wetalkedtohimforhour

s.Whilehewastalking,werealizedthatwehadfoundtheotherhiddentreasure:thesweet,kindhearthiddenbehindhisgruffvoice.Soon,hewasoneofourfavo

ritepeopletotalkto.Paragraph1:Everysummer,wewouldvisitMr.Donovanandtalktohim._________________________________________________________

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______________________________Paragraph2:Thenextwinter,wordgotaroundthatOldManDonovanhaddied._______

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