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20230607项目第一次模拟测试卷英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的

A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.15答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What

istheman’stask?A.Sweepingthefloor.B.Doingthedishes.C.Cleaningthelivingroom.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mike,weshoulddosomehousewor

k.Ourplaceisreallymessy.M:You’reright.Icandothedishes.W:Okay.I’llcleanthelivingroomandfloor.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandonext?A.Askother

people.B.Comfortthewoman.C.Buyanewphone.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Oh,no!IthinkIjustlostmynewphone!Ican’tfinditanywhere.M:Whatdoesitlooklike?Mayb

eIcanhelp.W:It’sablackHuaweiMate40.M:OK.Letmeaskaround.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howoldisthewomannow?A.35.B.40.C.45.【答案】A【解析】【原文】

W:Peter,doyouknowthathairlosscanmakepeoplelook10yearsolderthantheyactuallyare.So,pleasebehonestwithme.Ismyhairlinegoingu

p?M:Wellmaybe,butjustatinybit.W:Ohno!I’monly35now.Atthisspeed,I’llloseallmyhairwhenI’m40.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wh

atisthewoman?A.Adoctor.B.Apatient.C.Anassistant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,DoctorLee’soffice.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hi,I’dliketomakea

nappointmentfortomorrow.Ifeelsick,andIhavealotofpaininmystomach.W:Okay.DoctorLeewillbeavailabletomorrow

morningat10:00.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchwillthespeakerspay?A.$12.B.$24.C.$25.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:$25perhour?That’ssomuch.M:Alloftheseparkinglotsar

efull.Thisistheonlyemptyone.W:Wecanfindsomestreetparking.Oh,there’sone.Behindthebluecar.Itonlycharges$12perhou

r.Wewillparkfor2hours.M:Okay.Let’sparkthere.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;

听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whichnamewasfinallysetonthestudentcard?A.Bened

ict.B.Frederick.C.Gladwell.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthereadingroom.B.Inthedininghall.C.Atth

eregistrationoffice.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,it’smyfirstdayattheschool.CanIgetmystudentcardhere?W:Sure.Icandothatforyou.What’syourname,please?M:It’sB

enedictFrederickGladwell.W:Sorry,couldyouspellyournameout?Oractually,couldyouwritethatdownforme?M:Sur

e.I’llwritethatdownforyou.Hereyougo.W:Thankyou.Oh,I’mafraidthereisn’tenoughspaceonthecardforyourfullname.M:Youcanjustusemyf

irstname.Noneedtousemymiddlenameandlastname.W:OK,you’reallset.Welcometoourschool,Benedict!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.W

hatdoesthemanthinkofashortsleepatnoonatfirst?A.Unnecessary.B.Inconvenient.C.Impossible.9.Howdoesthemanusuallyfeelintheafternoon

?A.Energetic.B.Spiritless.C.Relaxed.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatagreatlunch!I’mtotallyfull.W:MetooIthinkI’mgoingtot

akeashortsleep.M:Ashortsleep?Whatareyou,ababy?W:Ialwayssleepafterlunch.It’sgoodforme!M:Don’tyougetenoughsleepatnight?W:Ido,butashortsleepatnoonis

different.Itgivesmeenergyandimprovesmymood.M:MaybeIshouldtryittoo.MyenergyisalwayssolowandIusuallyhaveabadmoodintheafternoo

n.HowlongshouldIsleepfor?.W:Setyouralarmfor20minutesorso.Youwon’tregretit!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.What

arethespeakerseating?A.Pumpkin.B.Pears.C.Corns.11Whatisoneofthebenefitsofpearsoup?A.Curingflu.B.Relievingsorethroat

.C.Fightingcoldweather.12.Whatwillthewomanbringtothemannexttime?A.Coffee.B.Soup.C.Sugar.【答案】10.C11.B12.B【解析】【原文】M:Wow,thatsmellssogood!Whatdid

youbuy,Susan?W:Waterboiledcorns!Youknowit’sautumnwhentheystartsellingtheseonthestreets.Doyouwanttotry?M:Ofcou

rse!Wow,yummy!That’snice!InAmerica,youknowit’sautumnwhencafesstartsellingpumpkinlattes.W:I’veheard.Ithinktheideaissimilar.It’sa

llabouttheseasonalproduceandwarmflavors.M:Yeah,sowhatothertypesoffooddoyouguyseatinthefall?W:Lotsoffreshfr

uits,likepears.Weevenmakepearsoup.Wecookpearsoupwithsugar,soit’ssweet.It’sgreatforsorethroatandhelpsfi

ghtthedryweather.Italsocanhelppreventflu.M:SoundslikewhatIneedrightnow.Ineverknowthatfruitscanbecooked!W:I’llbringyou

somewhenImakepearsoupnexttime.M:Aw,youretookind.Coffeeisonme!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.What’stheproblemwit

htheman’sspeech?A.Itscontent.B.Itslanguage.C.Itsdeliveryway.14.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Usecards.B.Readoutloud.C.Memorizet

hespeech,15.Whatwilltheaudiencebeinterestedin?A.Amusinganecdotes.B.Richbodylanguage.C.Aclearoutline.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeake

rs?.A.Teacherandstudent.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Husbandandwife.【答案】13.C14.A15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Whatdoyouthinkofmyspeech,honey?T

oodull?Givemesomeadvice.W:Well,itwasnotbad!Thedeliverycouldbealittleunnaturalattimesthough.M:ShouldItrytomemorizethespeechinstea

dofreadingitthen?W:Tobehonest,neitherwillhelpyouconnectwithanaudience.Youcanworkwithanoutlineandusecardstoremindyou.M:O

h,thatmakesmoresense.Anythingelse?W:IfIwereyou,I’dtrytobemoreactiveandusehandgestures.M:IsupposeIcouldbemoreawareofmybodylang

uage.W:Right.Alsoitwouldn’tkillyoutoaddinafunnystoryortwo.Theaudiencewillbeveryinterested.M:Oh,Isee.Thanks,honey.听下面一

段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Wordswithnosense.B.Sentenceswithnoverbs.C.Phrasesw

ithnogrammar.18.Whoisbelievedtouse“Longtimenosee”first?A.Americans.B.Chinese.C.British.19.Whatshouldyoup

ayattentiontowhileusing“Nocando”?A.Thewayyouuseit.B.Thepurposeitserves.C.Thepeopleyoutalkto.20.Whathappenedto“Sofarsogood”?A.Itwascriticizedatfir

st.B.Itwasacceptedsoon.C.Ithaschangedmanytimes.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoustressedaboutlearningperfect

grammar,justlikeanativespeaker?Actually,Americansmakesomanygrammarmistakesthatoftencertainphrasesbecomeacceptedandconsideredcorr

ect,eventhoughthey’reincorrect.Herearesomecommonphrasesthatreallyhavenogrammaratall.Thefirstoneis“Longtimenosee”.Maybeitisoneofthefirstexpressionsy

oulearninEnglish,yetitmakesnosensegrammatically.ManypeoplebelievetheoriginofthisphraseisfromChinese,but

nativespeakersarehappytosaythistofriendsandfamily.Thesecondoneis“Nocando”.ThisonealsostartsfromChinese,butquicklybecameacceptedintonativespea

kers.ItmeansIcan’tdoit.It’safunwaytosaythatsomethingwon’tworkoryoucan’tdosomething.Justbecarefulasthisoneisquiteinformal,soit’sbesttoput“sor

ry”infrontofit.Thethirdoneis“Sofar,sogood”.Asyoucansee,thereisnoverbinthisexpression,soit’snotgrammaticalatall,

butit’sacceptedquicklybecauseit’sadirectwaytosaysofar,everythingisokay.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项

。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)AMust-SeeLandmarksForYourXi’anTourServingasthecapitalofChinafor13dynas

ties,Xi’an,capitalofShaanxiprovincehasnumeroushistoricalsitesandrelics.IfyouareplanningatourofXi’antakinglessthan3days,checkoutthese

recommendedattractions,whichwethinkbestcapturethespiritoftheancientcity.TheTerracottaArmyTheTerracottaArmyisoneofthemostsign

ificantarchaeologicalfindsintheworldandoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.Discoveredin1974,thearmyofTerracottaWar

riorswasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC).Itisacollectionofthousands

oflife-sizeterracottasoldiers,horsesandchariotsinbattleformation,throughwhichpeoplecangetagreatinsightintothehistory,militarydevelopmen

tandcultureofancientChinainthatperiod.AncientCityWallXi’anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingDynasty(136

8-1644)asamilitarydefensesystem.Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.Whenyoutakeawalkorcycleonthem

assivewall,youcanenjoyagoodviewofthecity.GiantWildGoosePagodaOneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagodawasbuiltintheTa

ngDynasty(618-907)speciallyforthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.SituatedinDaCi’enTemple,thepagodawasbuiltwithlayersofbric

ksandhasagrandstructurethatgivesitaholyappearance.ItisagoodexampleoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.21.WhatdotheTerracottaArmyandAnci

entCityWallhaveincommon?A.Theybothreflectmilitaryhistory.B.TheyshowChina’sfirstemperor’sambition.C.Theyaregreatdiscoveriesof20thcentury.D.The

yarethebest-preservedtouristattractions.22.WhatmakesGiantWildGoosePagodaspecial?A.Itsbuildingbricks.B.Itsgrandstructu

re.C.Itsholyappearance.D.Itsreligiouspurpose.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Ageographytextbook.B.Anewsreport.C.Atouristguidebook.D.Asc

iencemagazine.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了去西安旅游必去的三个旅游景点——秦始皇兵马俑，西安古城墙和大雁塔。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据TheTerracottaArmy中“

Itisacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiers,horsesandchariotsinbattleformation,throughwhichpeoplecangetagreati

nsightintothehistory,militarydevelopmentandcultureofancientChinainthatperiod.(秦始皇兵马俑收集了成千上万的真人大小的兵马俑，战马和战车，通过它人们可以很好地了解那

个时期中国古代的历史，军事发展和文化。)”和AncientCityWall中“Xi’anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingDynasty

(1368-1644)asamilitarydefensesystem.(西安城墙始建于14世纪，由明朝第一位皇帝朱元璋(1368-1644)修建，作为军事防御系统。)”可知，秦始皇兵马俑和西安古城墙的共同之处在于它们都反映了军事历史。故选A。【22题详解】细

节理解题。根据最后一段“OneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagodawasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618-907

)speciallyforthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.(大雁塔是中国最著名的佛塔之一，建于唐代(618-907)，专门用于佛经研究。)”可知，西安大雁塔的特别之处在于它的宗教目的——佛经研究。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“

Must-SeeLandmarksForYourXi’anTour(西安旅游必看的地标)”和第一段“IfyouareplanningatourofXi’antakinglessthan3days,checkouttheserecommen

dedattractions,whichwethinkbestcapturethespiritoftheancientcity.(如果你计划在三天内游览西安，看看这些推荐的景点，我们认为它们最能体现这座古城的精神。)

”可知，本文介绍了去西安旅游必去的三个旅游景点；由此可推知，本文最有可能出自一本旅游指南。故选C。BWangariMaathai,2004NobelPeacePrizewinner,oncetoldastoryofahummingbird.When

aforestfirebreaksout,ahummingbirdwillvolunteertodoitsbesttofightthefiredespiteitssmallsizeandlittleimpact,whilelargera

nimalsliketheelephantsjustsitbyandwatch.InmanyKenyanpeople’seyes,theyouthgroupKombGreenSolutionsissuchahummingbird

.Formedin2017,KombGreenSolutionsisacommunity-basedorganizationinNairobi.Thoughitstartedoffwithnosupportatall,itwasarmedwith

apassiontochangetheenvironmentintheirslum(贫民窟).FredrickOkinda,thegroup’sfounder,saidthatbeforethegroupwasformed,someyoun

gpeopleinKorogochowereengagedincrimetoearnaliving.Thisalwaysresultedingangfights,withOkindahavinglostmanyfriendstocrime.Duringa

nupgradingprojectwhereanewbridgelinkingDandoraandKorogochoslumswasbeingbuilt,Okindaandhisco-founderssawanopportunity.Havingw

orkedascasuallaborersandsecurityofficersfortheproject,theyouthdecidedtocarryonbyrestoringtheriverunderthebridgeonavoluntarybasis.“Whenwestarted,

ourmainfocuswasthedumpsite(垃圾场)underthebridge,”Okindasaid.“Itwasahidingplaceforthievesandaplacewheredrugdealersanduserswouldgotoco

nducttheirillegalactivities,sowewantedtocreateagreenandsafespaceforchildrentoplayandforyoungpeopletorelax.”Withlimitedresourceslacko

ffundsandanenormoustask,KombGreenSolutionshasslowlybutsurelystartedturningthecity’sKorogochoslumfromaneyesoreintoasafespacewherechildrencanplayan

dadultscanlivehealthylives.24.Whydoestheauthormentionhummingbirdinparagraph1?A.TointroduceaKenyanyouthgroup.B.ToshowWangariMaathai’st

heory.C.Toamusereaderswithafunnystory.D.Tostresstheimportanceofhummingbirds.25.WhatmadeOkindastartKombGreenS

olutions?A.Savingwildbirds.B.Makingaliving.C.Solvingthedrugproblem.D.Changingthecommunity.26.Whichoft

hefollowingbestdescribesOkinda?A.Reserved.B.Devoted.C.Polite.D.Honest.,27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A

.LivingaHealthyLifeB.BridgingTwoSlumsC.TransformingtheCitySlumD.VolunteeringinCommunities【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肯尼亚青年团体KombGreen

Solutions致力于改造贫民窟，介绍了其创建起始以及取得的成果。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“WangariMaathai,2004NobelPeacePrizewinner,oncetoldastoryo

fahummingbird.Whenaforestfirebreaksout,ahummingbirdwillvolunteertodoitsbesttofightthefiredespiteitss

mallsizeandlittleimpact,whilelargeranimalsliketheelephantsjustsitbyandwatch.InmanyKenyanpeople’seyes,theyouthgroupKombGreenSolutionsis

suchahummingbird.(2004年诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊曾经讲过一个关于蜂鸟的故事。当森林发生火灾时，蜂鸟会自愿尽其所能去灭火，尽管它的体型很小，影响也很小，而像大象这样的大型动物只是坐在旁边看着。在许多肯尼亚人眼中，青年组织Kom

bGreenSolutions就是这样一只蜂鸟)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了蜂鸟是为了介绍一个肯尼亚青年团体。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thoughitstartedoffwithnosupportatall,itwasa

rmedwithapassiontochangetheenvironmentintheirslum(贫民窟).(虽然他们一开始没有得到任何支持，但他们有一种改变贫民窟环境的热情)”可知，改变社区让Okinda创办了KombGreenSolutions。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“

Havingworkedascasuallaborersandsecurityofficersfortheproject,theyouthdecidedtocarryonbyrestoringtheriverunderthebridgeonavoluntar

ybasis.(曾担任过临时工和保安人员的他决定以自愿的方式恢复桥下的河流)”以及第五段“Itwasahidingplaceforthievesandaplacewheredrugdealersanduserswouldgotoconductthei

rillegalactivities,sowewantedtocreateagreenandsafespaceforchildrentoplayandforyoungpeopletorelax.(这是小偷的藏身之处，也是毒贩和吸毒者进行非法活动的地方，所以我们想为孩子们创造一个绿色安

全的空间，让他们玩耍，让年轻人放松)”可推知，Okinda有奉献精神。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Formedin2017,KombGreenSolutionsisacommunity-basedorganizationinNairobi.T

houghitstartedoffwithnosupportatall,itwasarmedwithapassiontochangetheenvironmentintheirslum(贫民窟).(Komb绿色解决方案成立于2017年，是内罗毕的一个社区组织。虽然他们一开始没有得到任何支持，但他

们有一种改变贫民窟环境的热情)”结合文章主要介绍了肯尼亚青年团体KombGreenSolutions致力于改造贫民窟，介绍了其创建起始以及取得的成果。可知，C选项“改造城市贫民窟”最符合文章标题。故选C。CHowshouldyo

uspendyourtime?Whomshouldyoumarry?Whereshouldyoulive?Forcenturies,peoplehavereliedontheirinstincts(本能)tofigureouttheanswerstotheseque

stions.Now,wecanusethebigdatatohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.Researchershavecollecteddataonvariouskindsofchoicespeoplemake

,theinformationtheybasethosechoiceson,andhowthingsturnout.Theyhavefoundthatasimpledata-drivenalgorithm(算法)wouldh

avebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjailorbereleasedandbetterthanschoolprincipalsatde

cidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.Baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthancoachesatpickingplayersandstrategies.TechfirmsinSili

conValleyhavefoundthatdatafromexperimentsprovidesbetterinsightsintohowtodesigntheirwebsitesthandesig

nerscould.Butdostatisticshavesimilarimpactonourmakingdecisionsinpersonallives?Yes.Thelargestofexperiencesamplingprojects,Mappiness,has

collectedmorethan3milliondatapoints.Ithasrevealedtheactivitiesthatprovidefarmorejoythanmostofuswouldhavegues

sed,suchasexercising,goingtoamuseumandgardening,andthethingsthatgiveuslesspleasuresuchasplayingvideogames,watchingTVprogram

andsurfingtheinternet.Onestudyby86researcherscollectedinformationonmorethan11,000romanticcouples.Theyus

edmachinelearningmodelstounderstandwhatpredictsromanticsatisfaction.Theyfoundmanyhighlydesiredtraits,suchasapartner’sa

ttractivenessandheight,havejustnoconnectionwithlong-termhappiness.Insteadthequalitiessuchashavinga“growthmindset”,oras

ecureattachmentstylearemostpredictiveofromanticsatisfaction.Iamnotclaimingthatwecancompletelyoutsource(外包)ourlifestylechoices

toalgorithms,thoughwemightgettothatpointinthefuture.Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdec

ision-makingbyconsultingevidenceobtainedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.28.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2

?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byanalyzingreasons.C.Bypresentingsolutions.D.Bylistingfigures.29.WhatcanMappinessdo?A.Choo

sethebestTVprogram.B.Pickbetterplayersforthecoach.C.Decidewhetherapersonisguilty.D.Tellwhichactivitybringsmorejoy.30.Whomaygainlong-termhappinessacco

rdingtothetext?A.Awomanwithaprettyface.B.Amanofgrowingwealth.C.Awomanwithreliablepersonality.D.Amanofaverageheight.31.Whichstatemen

tmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Bigdatawillcausedisasters.B.Bigdatamayhelpusmakedecisions.C.Bigdatashouldbefu

llytrusted.D.Bigdataoftenputspeopleindilemmas.【答案】28.A29.D30.C31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在，我们可以使用大数据来帮助确定绘制图表的最佳路线。文章主要说明了大数据对我们的便利性，并列举了相关

的例子。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchershavecollecteddataonvariouskindsofchoicespeoplemake,theinformationtheybasethosechoiceson,andhowthingsturnout.The

yhavefoundthatasimpledata-drivenalgorithm(算法)wouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjailorbereleasedandbe

tterthanschoolprincipalsatdecidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.Baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebett

erthancoachesatpickingplayersandstrategies.TechfirmsinSiliconValleyhavefoundthatdatafromexperimentspr

ovidesbetterinsightsintohowtodesigntheirwebsitesthandesignerscould.(研究人员收集了人们做出的各种选择的数据，他们做出这些选择所依据的信息，以及事情的结果。他们发现，一个简单的数据驱动算法在决定被告是否应该被关进监狱

或释放方面，比法官要好，在决定哪些教师应该被提升方面，比学校校长要好。棒球队发现，算法在挑选球员和策略方面优于教练。硅谷的科技公司发现，实验数据比设计师更能帮助他们了解如何设计网站)”可推知，作者通过举例展开第二段。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根

据第三段“Ithasrevealedtheactivitiesthatprovidefarmorejoythanmostofuswouldhaveguessed,suchasexercising,goingto

amuseumandgardening,andthethingsthatgiveuslesspleasuresuchasplayingvideogames,watchingTVprogramandsurfingtheinterne

t.(它揭示了一些活动比我们大多数人想象的要快乐得多，比如锻炼、参观博物馆和园艺，以及一些不那么快乐的事情，比如玩电子游戏、看电视节目和上网)”可知，Mappiness能告知哪个活动带来更多的快乐。故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒

数第二段“Insteadthequalitiessuchashavinga“growthmindset”,orasecureattachmentstylearemostpredictiveofromanticsatisfaction.(相反，拥有“成长

心态”或安全的依恋类型等品质最能预测爱情满意度)”可知，性格可靠的女人能获得长久的幸福。故选C。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-ma

kingbyconsultingevidenceobtainedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.(相反，我认为我们都可以通过咨询

从成千上万面临类似困境的人那里获得的证据来显著改善我们的决策)”可知，作者认同大数据可以帮助我们做决定。故选B。DAnewstudysuggeststhatpollutionofallkindskillsnearly9m

illionpeopleworldwideeachyear.Airpollutionfromindustrialprocessesandtheexpansionofcitiesaccountedforabout75%ofth

edeaths,researchersfound.Thestudywasbasedonexaminationsofworldwidedeathratesandpollutionlevels.Thestudyseparatedtraditionalpollut

antsfrommodernpollutants.Examplesoftraditionalpollutantsareindoorsmokeorwastewater.Modernpollutantsincludeairpollutionfromvehiclesorindustr

ialactivitiesandpoisonouschemicals.Theresearchersfoundthatdeathsfromtraditionalpollutantsaredroppingworldwide.ButtheyremainamajorprobleminAfricaan

dsomeotherdevelopingcountries.Insomecountries,stateprogramstocutindoorairpollutionandimprovementsinsanitation

(卫生)havehelpedreducedeathrates.InEthiopiaandNigeria,forexample,sucheffortscutdeathsbytwo-thirdsbetween2000an

d2019,thestudyfound.Modernkindsofpollutionarerisinginmostcountries,especiallydevelopingones,theresearcherssaid.Deathscausedbymoder

npollutants—heavymetals,agriculturalchemicalsandcarbonemissions—are“skyrocketing,”saidstudyco-writerRachaelKupka.Sheheadst

heNewYork-basedGlobalAllianceonHealthandPollution.Kupkasaiddeathslinkedtomodernpollutantshadrisen66%si

nce2000.“Ninemilliondeathsisalotofdeaths,”PhilipLandrigantoldTheAssociatedPressaboutthestudy’sresults.

HeisdirectoroftheGlobalPublicHealthProgramatBostonCollegeinMassachusetts.“Thebadnewsisthatit’snotdecreasing,”Landrigana

dded.“We’remakinggainsintheeasystuff,andwe’reseeingthemoredifficultstuff,outdoorindustrialairpollutionandchemicalpollution,stillgoin

gup.”Thestudymakesseveralsuggestionsforwaystocutthenumberofdeaths.Theseincludecreatingbetterrecordingandreportingmethodsandstrongergo

vernmentpoliciestoreducepollutionlinkedtoindustrialactivitiesandvehicleemissions.“Weabsolutelyknowhowtosolvepollutionproblems,”saidthestud

yco-authorRichardFuller.“What’smissingispoliticalwill.”32.Whatcanbelearnedfromthestudyaboutpollution?A.Airpollutionkilled9

millionpeoplelastyear.B.Cuttingindoorairpollutionisthebestpolicy.C.TraditionalpollutionisveryseriousinNigeria.D.T

raditionalpollutantscauselessdeaththanbefore.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“skyrocketing”probablymeanin

paragraph3?A.Improving.B.Increasing.C.Reducing.D.Worsening.34.WhatcanbeinferredfromPhilipLandrign’swords?A.Itiseasytofightmodernpollutio

n.B.Outdoorairpollutionisdecreasing.C.Modernpollutionstillconcernspeople.D.Itishardtotellthereasonsforpollution.35.Whatmightbe

talkedaboutintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Methodstoreducepollution.B.Government’sresponsetopollution.C.Suggestionsforindustriala

ctivities.D.Thedamagecausedbyvehicleemissions.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，全球每年有近900万人死于各种污染。研究人员发现，工业过程和城市扩张造成的空气污染约占死亡人数的

75%。这项研究是基于对全球死亡率和污染水平的调查。文章介绍了研究的具体数据以及研究人员对此的看法。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearchersfoundthatdeathsfrom

traditionalpollutantsaredroppingworldwide.(研究人员发现，传统污染物造成的死亡人数在全球范围内正在下降)”可知，传统污染物造成的死亡比以前少。故选D。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Kupkasaiddeathslinke

dtomodernpollutantshadrisen66%since2000.”可知，Kupka说，自2000年以来，与现代污染物有关的死亡人数上升了66%，由此说明现代污染物造成的死亡人数正在“增加”。故画线词意思是“增加”。故选B。【34题详

解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“We’remakinggainsintheeasystuff,andwe’reseeingthemoredifficultstuff,outdoorindustrialairpol

lutionandchemicalpollution,stillgoingup.(我们在容易解决的问题上取得了进展，但我们看到更棘手的问题，如室外工业空气污染和化学污染，仍在上升)”可推知，现代污染仍然与

人们有关。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Weabsolutelyknowhowtosolvepollutionproblems,”saidthestudyco-authorRichardFuller.“What’smissingisp

oliticalwill.”(“我们绝对知道如何解决污染问题，”该研究的合著者理查德·富勒说。“缺少的是政治意愿。”)”可推知，在下一段中可能会讨论政府对污染的反应。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选

项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Improvingyourmemoryiseasierthanitsounds.Somepeoplethinkourmemoryisstaticandunchanging.____36____FocusonitManypeoplegetcaug

htinmultitasking.____37____.Focusingonitisveryimportantbecauseourbrains,unlikecomputers,can’treallythinkofmanythingsinparallel.Therefore,i

fyouneedtomemorizesomething,quitmultitasking.Smell,touch,taste,hearandseeit____38____Needtorememberthenameofsomeoneyoumetforthefirstt

ime?Itmayhelptolookintotheireyeswhenyourepeattheirnamesandofferhandshakes.Bydoingso,youhaveengagedfouroutoffivesenses.Make

associationsWhenwelearn,weoftenforgettotryandmakeconnectionsuntillateron.However,researchhasshownthatmemorycanbest

rongerwhenyoumaketheconnection.Forinstance,thinkabouthowtwothingsarerelatedandthememoryforbothwillbeenhanced.____3

9____.____40____Peopleoftencouldbecaughtupinthinkingthereisa“onesize”thatfitsalllearningstyleformemorizingnewmaterial.That’ssimplynottheca

se.Somepeopleliketowritethingsdownwhentheyarelearningsomethingnew.Othersmaybenefitmorefromrecordingwhattheyarehearingand

goingbacktotakemoredetailednotes.Asweage,ourmemorysometimesseemtogetworse.Butitdoesn’thaveto.Byfollowingth

esetips,youcanhaveyourmemorysharpatanyageandimproveitanytime.A.Find“onesize”thatfitsallofusB.Learnitthewaythatwork

sforyouC.TheyoftenfailtopayattentiontothetaskathandD.TheyoftentrytofinishmanytasksatthesametimeE.Themoresensesyouemploy,thestro

ngermemoryitbecomesF.ConnectnewinformationtoexistinginformationorexperiencesinyourmindG.However,youcanenhanceyourmemorybypracticingafewmemor

y-buildingexercises【答案】36.G37.C38.E39.F40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是提高记忆力的方法。【36题详解】根据空前“Improvingyourmemoryiseasierthanitsounds.Somepeoplethi

nkourmemoryisstaticandunchanging.(提高记忆力比听起来容易。有些人认为我们的记忆是固定不变的。)”可知有人认为我们的记忆力是不变的，根据后文“Focusonit(专注于它)”可知下文讲的是提高记忆力的方法，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是通过一

些方法可以提高记忆力，G项However,youcanenhanceyourmemorybypracticingafewmemory-buildingexercises(然而，你可以通过做一些建立记忆的练习来增强你的记忆力。)指出有些方法可以帮我们提高记忆力，承接上文，引出下文，而且由G项中的H

owever可知空处的内容是对空前错误认知的否定，符合上下文语境。故选G项。【37题详解】根据空前“Manypeoplegetcaughtinmultitasking.(很多人都陷入了一心多用的困境。)”可知很多人都不能做到专注，根据空后“Focusingon

itisveryimportantbecauseourbrains,unlikecomputers,can’treallythinkofmanythingsinparallel.Therefore,ifyou

needtomemorizesomething,quitmultitasking.(专注于它是非常重要的，因为我们的大脑，不像电脑，不能并行地思考很多事情。因此，如果你需要记住一些东西，不要一心多用。)”可知此处讲的是一心不能多用的原因，空处承上启下

，所以空处应该讲一心多用的弊端，C项Theyoftenfailtopayattentiontothetaskathand(他们常常不注意手头的任务。)指出一心多用的不利方面，承接上文，引出下文，而且C项中的They指代的是空前的Manypeople，符

合上下文语境。故选C项。【38题详解】根据本段小标题“Smell,touch,taste,hearandseeit(闻，摸，尝，听和看)”可知本段讲的是要运用多种感官来增强记忆力，根据空后“Needtorememberthenameofsomeoneyoumetforthefirsttime?

Itmayhelptolookintotheireyeswhenyourepeattheirnamesandofferhandshakes.Bydoingso,youhaveengagedfouroutoff

ivesenses.(需要记住第一次见面的人的名字？当你重复他们的名字和握手时，看着他们的眼睛可能会有所帮助。通过这样做，你调动了五种感官中的四种。)”可知此处通过举例来说明如何运用各种感官增强记忆力，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，所以空处应该讲运用多种感官的好处，E

项Themoresensesyouemploy,thestrongermemoryitbecomes(你运用的感官越多，记忆力就越强)指出多运用感官可以增强记忆力，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选E项。【39题详解】根据本段小标题“Makeassociatio

ns(建立联系)”及空前“Whenwelearn,weoftenforgettotryandmakeconnectionsuntillateron.However,researchhasshownthatmemorycanbestronger

whenyoumaketheconnection.Forinstance,thinkabouthowtwothingsarerelatedandthememoryforbothwillbeenhanced.(当我们学习的时候，我

们经常忘记尝试和建立联系，直到后来。然而，研究表明，当你建立这种联系时，记忆力会更强。例如，想想两件事是如何联系在一起的，对这两件事的记忆都会增强。)”可知本段主要讲的是当我们建立了事物之间的联系时我们的记忆力就会得到

增强，空处位于段末，应对前文进行总结，讲如何建立联系，F项Connectnewinformationtoexistinginformationorexperiencesinyourmind(将新信息与你脑海中已有的信息或经历联系起来)指出要如

何建立不同事物之间的联系，对前文进行了总结，符合上下文语境。故选F项。【40题详解】空处为本段小标题，根据空后“Peopleoftencouldbecaughtupinthinkingthereisa“onesize”thatfitsalllear

ningstyleformemorizingnewmaterial.That’ssimplynotthecase.Somepeopleliketowritethingsdownwhentheyarelea

rningsomethingnew.Othersmaybenefitmorefromrecordingwhattheyarehearingandgoingbacktotakemoredetailednotes.(人们常常会认为有一种“一刀切”的学习方

式适合所有人记忆新材料。但事实并非如此。有些人在学习新东西的时候喜欢把东西写下来。其他人可能会从记录他们听到的内容并回去做更详细的笔记中获益更多。)”可知本段主要讲的是不同的人适合不同的学习方法，所以我们应该寻找适合自己的方法，B项Learnitthewaythatworksforyou(用适

合你的方式学习)指出要用适合自己的学习方式来学习，概括全段内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It’sverynecess

aryforyoutomakeaplaninadvancebeforetravellingabroad.Animportantpartoftheplanisprobablytofindtheright

____41____.Itmaytakeyoudaystovisittravelwebsitesorreadmagazinesto____42____information.It’salongprocess,somanypeoplevis

it____43____travelers’blogsandsearchtrackrecordsonline,becausenoonewantstowastethe____44____vacationtimeonthesitesthatmay____45____theirexp

ectations.Nowconsideranother____46____—youareanexperiencedtravelerandyouwanttoshareyourmost____47____routeswithyourfamily,friendsoranyonewhoisinteres

tedin____48____yourfootsteps.Butsharingishardworkbecauseyouneedtowrite,____49____photosandvideos,andbebusyrememberingt

he_____50_____orders.Whatifalltheworkcanbedoneforyou_____51_____whileyoutravel?Thebest_____52_____istotryWishTrip.Through

WishTrip,youcansearchotherpeople’sroutesandshareyours.PleaseletWishTripbeyourhelpful_____53_____throughtheway.Ifyouareacontributor,useWishTripfr

omthebeginningofyourtourto_____54_____therouteonthemap.WishTripwill_____55_____allmultimediafilestotheexactlocationsw

heretheyaretaken.Whenyou_____56_____thetour,WishTrip’ssmartvideofunctionswillaccordingly_____57_____asuper

coolvideoforyouto____58____inyourmemory.YoucanuseWishTripinanycountrywhereyouwanttotravel.NowthesharingeconomyisRapidly_____59_____

popularityinthetourismindustry.Withthehelpoflatest_____60_____,suchasAI,WishTriphasmadegreatinnovations(创新).41.

A.locationB.routeC.companionD.date42.A.offerB.shareC.conveyD.collect43.A.experiencedB.adventurousC.energeticD.respectab

le44.A.abundantB.longC.typicalD.precious45.A.standupforB.liveuptoC.fallshortofD.lookforwardto46.A.situa

tionB.eventC.conditionD.function47.A.boringB.attractiveC.necessaryD.complex48.A.trackingB.handlingC.followingD.watching49.A.developB.publishC.p

rintD.upload50.A.simpleB.rightC.shortD.straight51.A.latelyB.automaticallyC.consistentlyD.currently52.A.solutionB.signC.promotionD

.reaction53.A.reporterB.learnerC.guideD.visitor54.A.exchangeB.memorizeC.recordD.communicate55.A.sendB.giveC.adaptD

.attach56.A.beginB.setC.keepD.finish57.A.generateB.inventC.performD.copy58.A.saveB.imagineC.catchD.edit59.A.buildingB.breakingC.gainingD.ruining60.A.

abilityB.technologyC.powerD.information【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.D45.C46.A47.B48.C49.D50.B51.B52.A53.C54.C55.D56.D57.A58.A59.C60.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明

文。文章主要介绍了提前制定旅行计划的重要性及WishTrip的具体使用方法。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：计划的一个重要部分可能是找到正确的路线。A.location地点；B.route路线；C.companion同伴；D.date日期。根据前文“It’sveryneces

saryforyoutomakeaplaninadvancebeforetravellingabroad.”可知，出国旅行前应该选择正确的旅行路线。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能需要

几天的时间才能访问旅游网站或阅读杂志来收集信息。A.offer提供；B.share分享；C.convey表达；D.collect收集。根据空前“Itmaytakeyoudaystovisittravelwebsitesorreadmagazinesto”以及空后“It’salo

ngprocess,”可知，收集信息的过程很漫长。故选D项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A.experienced经验丰富的；B.a

dventurous富有冒险精神的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.respectable受人尊敬的。根据空后“travelers’blogsandsearchtrackrecordsonline,becausenoonewa

ntstowastethe____4____vacationtimeonthesitesthatmay____5____theirexpectations.”可知，此处讲的是为了不浪费宝贵的时间很多人会搜索有经验的

旅行者的博客。故选A项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A.abund

ant丰富的；B.long长的；C.typical典型的；D.precious珍贵的。根据前文“Itmaytakeyoudaystovisittravelwebsitesorreadmagazinesto____2____information.It’salongpr

ocess,”可知，收集信息时间漫长，人们不想浪费宝贵的旅行时间。故选D项。【45题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A.standupfor支持；

B.liveupto符合期望、达到标准；C.fallshortof不符合期望；D.lookforwardto期待。根据空前“It’salongprocess,somanypeoplevisit____3____travelers’blog

sandsearchtrackrecordsonline,becausenoonewantstowastethe____4____vacationtimeonthesitesthatmay”可知，此处表示没有达到期望。

故选C项。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A.situation情况；B.event事件；C.condition条件；D.function功能。根据空后“you

areanexperiencedtravelerandyouwanttoshareyourmost____7____routeswithyourfamily,friendsoranyonewhoisinterestedin____8____yourfootsteps.”可知，破折号后面是在

解释说明与前文不一样的状况。故选A项。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A.boring无聊的；B.attractiv

e吸引人的；C.necessary必要的；D.complex复杂的。根据前文“youareanexperiencedtraveler”以及空后“routeswithyourfamily,friendsoranyonewhoisinterestedin____8____yourfootst

eps.”可知，分享的应该是很吸引人的旅行路线。故选B项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A.tracking追踪；B.han

dling处理；C.following跟随；D.watching观看。根据空后“yourfootsteps.”可知，此处指追随随你的脚步。故选C项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但分享是一项艰巨的工作，因为你需要写作、上传照片和视频，并忙于记住正确的顺序。A.

develop发展；B.publish出版；C.print印刷；D.upload上传。根据前文“youwanttoshareyourmost____7____routeswithyourfamily,friends

oranyonewhoisinterestedin____8____yourfootsteps.”以及空后“Butsharingishardworkbecauseyouneedtowrite,____9____photosandvideos,andbebusyrememberingthe

____10____orders.”可知，此处指的是通过上传照片和分享照片。故选D项。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但分享是一项艰巨的工作，因为你需要写作、上传照片和视频，并忙于记住正确的顺序。A.simple简单的；B.right正

确的；C.short短的；D.straight直的。根据空前“Butsharingishardworkbecauseyouneedtowrite,____9____photosandvideos,andbebusyremembering”以及空后

的“orders”可知，因为要记住正确的顺序，所以分享自己的旅行是一项艰巨的工作。故选B项。【51题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果所有的工作都能在你旅行时自动为你完成呢？A.lately最近地；B.automatically自动地；C.consis

tently持续地；D.currently当前地。根据“ThroughWishTrip,youcansearchotherpeoplesroutesandshareyours.”可知，此处指通过WishTrip可以进行自动搜索。故选B项。52

题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最好的解决方案是尝试WishTrip。A.solution解决方案；B.sign标志；C.promotion提升；D.reaction反应。根据前文“Whatifalltheworkcanbedonefory

ouautomaticallywhileyoutravel?”以及“ThroughWishTrip,youcansearchotherpeople’sroutesandshareyours.”可知，这里给出了一个解决方案。

故选A项。【【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：请让WishTrips成为你的有用向导。A.reporter记者；B.learner学习者；C.guide向导；D.visitor游客。根据前文“ThebestsolutionistotryWishTr

ip.”可知，WishTrip在旅行时可以作为做好的向导。故选C项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一名贡献者，请从旅行开始就使用WishTrip在地图上记录路线。A.exchange交换；B.memori

ze记住；C.record记录；D.communicate交流。根据“Ifyouareacontributor,useWishTripfromthebeginningofyourtourto”以及空后“therouteonthemap.”可知，此处指的是从一开始就记录行程。故选C项。【55题详

解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：WishTrip将把所有多媒体文件附加到拍摄的确切位置。A.send发送；B.give给出；C.adapt调整；适应；D.attach捆；系；附加。根据空后“allmultimedi

afilestotheexactlocationswheretheyaretaken.Whenyou____16____thetour,WishTrip’ssmartvideofunctionswillaccordingly____17____asup

ercoolvideoforyouto___18___inyourmemory.”可知，此处指的是将拍摄的的文件附到拍摄的确切位置。故选D项。【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内

存中。A.begin开始；B.set设置；C.keep保持；D.finish结束。根据“WishTrip’ssmartvideofunctionswillaccordingly____17____asupercoolvideoforyouto___18___inyourmemory.”可知，W

ishTrip的智能视频功能在旅行完成的时候开始工作。故选D项。【57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内存中。A.generate生成；B.invent发明；C.perform表演；D.co

py复制。根据空前“WishTrip’ssmartvideofunctions”可知，应该是自动生成。故选A项。.【58题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内存中。A.save保存；B.imagin

e想象；C.catch抓住；D.edit编辑。根据空后“inyourmemory.”可知，此处指的是将生成的视频保存在内存中。故选A项。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在共享经济在旅游业迅速流行。A.buil

ding建造；B.breaking破坏；C.gaining获得；D.ruining摧毁。根据空后“popularityinthetourismindustry.”可知，此处指的是共享经济获得迅速流行。故选C项。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人工智能等最新技术的帮助下，Wi

shTrip做出了巨大的创新。A.ability能力；B.technology技术；C.power权利；D.information信息。根据空后“suchasAI”可知，此处指的是在科技的帮助下。故选B

项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asmalldevice,Moxie,hasproducedoxygenonthesurfaceofMars,____61____(bring)

thechancesofsurvivingontheredplanetastepcloser.Researchpublishedin____62____journalScienceAdvancesreportedthatMoxiepr

oducedbreathableoxygeninseven-hour-longtestsconductedinvariousweatherandatmospheric(大气的)conditionslastyear.Theresearchals

ofoundthateveninextreme____63____(temperature)andafteraMartianduststorm,Moxie____64____(continue)toproducehigh-purityoxygen.“Th

isisthefirstdemonstrationofactuallyusingresourcesonthesurfaceofMarsandtransforming____65____(they)chemicallyintosomethingusefulfo

rahumanmission,”JeffreyHoffman,a____66____(retire)astronaut,said.“ThethinatmosphereonMarsis96percentcarbondioxideandmuchmore____67__

__(change)thanonEarthandthetemperaturecanvaryby100degrees,”Hoffmansaid.“OneaimistoshowwecanrunMoxieinallseaso

ns.”Thedevice,Moxie,usessomespecialpumps,____68____suckincarbondioxide.Thegas____69____(heat)to800°Candpressedtoseparateth

ecarbonandoxygen.Carbonmonoxideissentoutaswastewhilethepureoxygenisleftbehind.Despitethechallenges,Moxiehasproveddurable

intheextremeconditionsonMarsandscientistsregardthetestresults____70____agreatachievement.【答案】61.bringing62.the63.tempe

ratures64.continued65.them66.retired67.changeable68.which69.isheated70.as【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为Moxie的小型装置是如何在火星的极端温度下产生氧气的。科学家们

认为这是一项伟大的成就。【61题详解】考查现在分词。句意：一种名为Moxie的小型设备在火星表面产生了氧气，使人类在这颗红色星球上生存的机会又近了一步。根据句意和所给动词bring分析句子可知，空格处

应该填入bring的非谓语形式作状语，因为动词bring和句子是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词bringing作状语。故填bringing。【62题详解】考查冠词。句意：发表在《科学进展》杂志上的研究报告称，去年在各种天气和大气条件下进行的长达7小时的测试中，Moxie产生了可呼吸的氧气。根据下文

的ScienceAdvances可知，此处应该用定冠词the特指ScienceAdvances这一杂志。故填the。【63题详解】考查可数名词单复数。句意：研究还发现，即使在极端温度和火星沙尘暴之后，Mo

xie也能继续产生高纯度的氧气。根据句意和所给可数名词temperature可知，极端温度不会是一种温度，所以此处应该用temperature的复数形式temperatures。故填temperatures。【64题详解】考查时态

。句意：研究还发现，即使在极端温度和火星沙尘暴之后，Moxie也能继续产生高纯度的氧气。根据句意和所给动词continue分析句子可知，空格处是that从句的谓语部分，由主句的时态是一般过去时可知，that从

句的时态也应该是一般过去时。故填continued。【65题详解】考查代词。句意：退休宇航员杰弗里·霍夫曼说：“这是第一次真正利用火星表面的资源，并将其以化学方法转化为对人类任务有用的东西。”根据句意和所给代词the

y以及空格前的动词transform分析句子可知，空格处应该填入代词they的宾格形式them，作动词transform的宾语。故填them。【66题详解】考查形容词。句意：退休宇航员杰弗里·霍夫曼说：“这是

第一次真正利用火星表面的资源，并将其以化学方法转化为对人类任务有用的东西。”根据句意和所给动词retire以及空格后的名词astronaut分析句子可知，空格处应该填入retire的形容词形式retired作定语，修饰后面的astronau

t。故填retired。【67题详解】考查形容词。句意：霍夫曼说：“火星上稀薄的大气96%是二氧化碳，比地球上的变化要大得多，温度可以相差100度。”根据句意和所给动词change以及句中的is分析句子可知，空格处应该填入change的形容

词形式changeable作表语。故填changeable。【68题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种名为Moxie的装置使用一些特殊的泵来吸入二氧化碳。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词pumps进行限定说明，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空

格处应该填入一个关系代词代替先行词pumps在从句中作主语，所以应该用which。故填which。【69题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：将气体加热到800°C，并加压以分离碳和氧。根据句意和所给动词heat分析句子可知，空格处是该

句子的谓语部分，由上下文的句子是一般现在时可知，该句子应该用一般现在时；主语thegas和动词heat之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；主语thegas是单数形式，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。故填isheated。【70题详解】考查介词。句意

：尽管面临挑战，但Moxie在火星的极端条件下证明了它的耐用性，科学家们认为测试结果是一项伟大的成就。根据句意和句中的动词regard以及空格后的agreatachievement可知，空格处应该填入介词

as和动词regard搭配：regard…as…(把……认作)。故填as。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错

误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(˄)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删减：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后

的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ishareagreatrelationshipwithmyparentsalthoughmypointsofviewgreatl

ydifferfromthatofmyparents.HowdoImakeit?First,Ilistentomyparents’word.NotonlydoIcarryoutwiththedutiesthey’veassignedmebutalsoIdowhicheverIcantomake

themperfect.Second,Italktothem.AsIenteredmymid-teens,Ifeltupsetbecausetheydidn’tallowmemakemyowndecisions.Fortunate,aftermycommuni

catingwiththem,theygraduallyacceptmydecisions.WhenI’mconfusingaboutproblems,Iturntothemforhelp.Intheword,myparentsandIlearntor

especteachotherbutgetalongwell.【答案】1.that→those2.word→words3.删掉with4.whichever→whatever5.me之后加to6.Fortunat

e→Fortunately7.accept→accepted8.confusing→confused9.the→a10.but→and【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲是我与父母虽然意见不同意但却相处愉快的原因。【详解】1.考查代词。句意：我和父母的关系很好，虽然我的观点和父母的有很

大的不同。由句中的mypointsofview可知父母的观点也应是复数，应用指示代词that的复数形式those。故将that改为those。2.考查名词。句意：首先，我听我父母的话。表示“话语；言语”应用名词word的复数形式words。故将word改为w

ords。3.考查固定搭配。句意：我不仅履行他们分配给我的职责，而且尽我所能使他们完美。动词短语carryout意为“履行；执行”，及物动词短语，介词with多余。故将with删掉。4.考查名词性从句。句意：我不仅履行他们分配给我的职责，而且尽我所能使他们完美。此处为宾语从句，从

句缺少宾语，应用whatever。故将whichever改为whatever。5.考查不定式。句意：当我进入十五六岁时，我感到心烦意乱，因为他们不允许我自己做决定。allowsbtodosth意为“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故在me之后加to。6.考查副词。句意：幸运地是，经过我和他们

的沟通，他们逐渐接受了我的决定。修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词。故将Fortunate改为Fortunately。7.考查动词时态。句意：幸运地是，经过我和他们的沟通，他们逐渐接受了我的决定。结合上下文语境，此处指作者在十几岁时

发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故将accept改为accepted。8.考查形容词。句意：当我对问题感到困惑时，我向他们寻求帮助。-ed形式的形容词一般用来表示人的感受，意为“感到”，beconfusedabo

ut意为“对……感到困惑”，固定搭配。故将confusing改为confused。9.考查冠词。句意：总之，我和父母学会了互相尊重，相处得很好。介词短语inaword固定搭配，意为“总之”。故将the改为a。10.考查连词。句意：总之，我和父母学会了互相尊重

，相处得很好。此处上下文语意之间为顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故将but改为and。第二节书面表达(满分25分)72.英文报ChinaDaily正以Helpingtheoldadapttoadigitalsociety为题征集稿件，请认真观察图片后写一篇短文进行投稿，内容包括

：的1.简要描述图片；2.你的观点和建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文的题目已为你写好。参考词汇：scanQRcodes扫描二维码但你有没有注意过有个群体被挡在二维码的门外Butthereisagroupleftbehindbythistrend?Helpingthe

oldadapttoadigitalsociety______________________________________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Helpingtheoldadapttoadigitals

ocietyNowadays,mobilepaymentgainsgreatpopularityinChina,makingourlifemoreandmoreconvenient.MostofusareusedtopayingbyscanningQRcodes.However,theolda

releftbehindbythistrend.Therefore,howtohelptheoldadapttoadigitalsocietyisofgreatimportance.Aseveryoneknows,theoldhavedifficultyinlearni

ngnewthings.Wheneverwemeettheoldintrouble,wearesupposedtomakeeveryefforttoteachthem.What’smore,itisessentialtoraisetheirawarenessoflifel

onglearning.Onlyinthiswaycantheykeepupwiththetimes.Themoretheylearn,theeasiertheycanadapttosociety.Lastbutnotleast,

itistimethatourgovernmenttookmeasurestobridgethedigitalgapandprovidethemwithconvenientlifeservices,suc

hasmakingtheirtravelpossiblebyaddingmoreinformationtotheirseniorcards.Hopefully,withourjointefforts,theoldca

nadaptthemselvestoadigitalsocietyquicklyandliveagoodlife.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生在观察图片后写一篇以Helpingtheo

ldadapttoadigitalsociety为题的稿件向英文报ChinaDaily进行投稿。【详解】1.词汇积累重要的：essential→critical适应：adaptoneselfto...→adjustoneselfto...因

此：therefore→hence采取措施：takemeasures→takeaction2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：What’smore,itisessentialtoraisetheirawarenessoflifelonglearn

ing.拓展句：What’smore,itisessentialthatweshouldraisetheirawarenessoflifelonglearning.【点睛】【高分句型1】Nowadays,mobil

epaymentgainsgreatpopularityinChina,makingourlifemoreandmoreconvenient.(运用了现在分词短语作结果状语)【高分句型2】Wheneverwemeettheoldintrouble,weare

supposedtomakeeveryefforttoteachthem.(运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句)获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com