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作业进阶(三)UNIT2TRAVELLINGAROUNDⅠ.阅读理解A[2024·九省联考，阅读C]Inhis1936workHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople，Dal

eCarnegiewrote：“Ihavecometotheconclusionthatthereisonlyonewaytogetthebestofanargument—andthatistoavoidit.”Thisdistasteforargumentsiscomm

on，butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives—andinmanywaysmiss

esthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.Carnegiewouldberightifargumentswerefights，whichishowweoftenthinkofthem.Likephysicalfigh

ts，verbal(言语的)fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin，youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifargumentswereevenjustcompet

itions—like，say，tennistournaments.Pairsofopponentshittheballbackandforthuntilonewinnercomesoutfromallwhoentered.Everybodyelseloses.Thiskindo

fthinkingexplainswhysomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments.However，therearewaystowinanargumenteverytime.Whenyoustateyourposition，formulate(阐述)anargumentfor

whatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyourselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Whenyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand，askthemt

ogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspell__outtheirargumentfully.Assessitsstrengthandweakness.Raiseobjections(异议)

andlistencarefullytotheirreplies.Thismethodwillrequireeffort，butpracticewillmakeyoubetteratit.Thesetoolscanhelpyou

wineveryargument—notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponentsbutinthebettersenseoflearningaboutwhatdividespeople，learningw

hytheydisagreewithusandlearningtotalkandworktogetherwiththem.Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments—fromaverba

lfightortennisgametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother—thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeanst

o“win”anargument.1．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardCarnegie'sunderstandingofargument？A．Critical.B．Supportive.C．To

lerant.D．Uncertain.2．Whydomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments？A．Theylackdebatingskills.B．Theymayfeelbadeveniftheywin

.C．Theyfearbeingignored.D．Theyarenotconfidentinthemselves.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spellout”inParagraph3probablymea

n？A．Defend.B．Explain.C．Conclude.D．Repeat.4．Whatisthekeyto“winning”anargumentaccordingtotheauthor？A．Senseoflogic.B．Solidsupportingevidence.C．Prope

rmanners.D．Understandingfrombothsides.B[2024·沈阳市高三教学质量监测(三)]TheSaharaistheworld'slargestandmostmagicdesert，butknowledgeaboutitissurprisingly

limited.Evenestimatesofwhenitformedvarywidely，frommorethanfivemillionyearsagotomerethousands.Now，however，geologist

sstudyingwind­carriedSaharandustontheCanaryIslandshavecomeclosertosettlingthis：itis，theyreport，closetofivemillionyearsold.Onereasonfortheuncerta

intyovertheSahara'sageisthatresearchersusedifferentmethodstoestimateit.Theseincludestudyingdesertdustfoundinsediment(沉积物)undertheAtlanticOc

ean，analyzingsandstoneandmodelingtheancientclimate.Tohelpsettletheuncertainty，DanielMuhs，geomorphologistoftheU．S.

GeologicalSurvey，andhiscolleagueslookedatsedimentonSpain'sCanaryIslands.TheyfoundevidenceofSaharandust.The

dustappearedinancientsoillayers(层)，whoseagetheyassessedonthebasisoffossils(化石)foundinthesamelayers—andthatageagreedwithth

eearliermarinesedimentstudies.Theresearchersreportedtheir__findingsinNovemberinPalaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoec

ology.“Theconclusionofthestudyisverygood，”saysZhongshiZhang，aclimatemodelerattheUniversityofBergeninNorway，whowasnotinvolvedinthework.“Bec

ausethedustfoundontheislandsisdistinctfromtheocean'srecord，”Zhangadds，“ithelpstobuildthecaseforafive­million­yearage.”TheSaha

raisthebiggestsourceofwind­carrieddustintheworld—andthatdust'sjourneydoesnotendintheCanaryIslands，whichliejustoffthewestern

coastofAfrica.ItcontinuesontoplacessuchastheAmazonrainforestinSouthAmerica，Danielnotes.Amazonsoilsarepoori

nnutrients，andhesaysthenewresultshelptoshowhowrichdustfromAfricacouldhavebeensupportingtheSouthAmerican

region'sincrediblebiodiversityformillionsofyears—addingtotheAmazon'sownoriginstory.5．HowdidDanielsettletheformationtimeoftheSahara？A．Bymodelingth

eancientclimateinSpain'sislands.B．BystudyingthedesertdustundertheAtlanticOcean.C．Byassessingtheageofthed

ustinancientsoillayers.D．Byanalyzingthewind­carriedsandstoneintheSahara.6．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theirfindings”inParagrap

h2referto？A．Theappearanceofthedust.B．Theformationoftwolayers.C．TheageoftheSaharandust.D．Theagreementoftwolayers.7．What

contributestothebiodiversityoftheSouthAmerica？A．TheSaharandust.B．TheAmazonsoils.C．TheAmazonrainforest.D．Thecoastalwaters.8．Wh

ichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext？A．TheStudyoftheSaharaB．TheBirthoftheSaharaC．TheSourceoftheSaharaD．TheEffectoftheSaharaⅡ.完形填空[2024·湖南省名校高

三第二次联考]YoumightsayIfoundmarathoning，stepbystep.Orperhapsitfoundme.Iwas__1__anathletegrowingup.Infact，Ihaveahardtime__2__thattermtomyselfeventoday

.ItstartedwhenIjoinedagroupofwomeninmyneighborhoodforadailythree­milewalk.Atfirstitwas__3__.Butsoon，mybodyadjustedandIwanted__4__.Bef

orelong，Iwasrunning5miles.ThenIsetagoaltorunahalfmarathon.AndIdidcompletetheCoveredBridgesHalfMarathon.Ithoug

ht，“Nowwhat？”Istartedto__5__amarathon.ItsohappenedthatI__6__ameetingonenightandlistenedtothespeakerandcoac

h，RickMuhr，andwasso__7__byhiswords.ItoldhimthatIhadsignedupfortheOceanStateMarathon，justaweekaway，andtha

tIreallydidn'tbelieveIcould__8__.Ricklockedeyeswithmeandsaid，“Trish，you'vedoneenoughtraining.You'llfinish！”Ineverhadsomeone__

9__melikethat，letaloneareal，livecoach.Hegavemethe__10__Ineeded.Isetouttorunmy__11__marathonandcompleteditin4：25：00

.LittledidIknowthatthiswouldbethebeginningofnearlyadecadeofmarathonanddistancerunning.Runningamarathonisn'tforeverybody.Butitisforanybody

，anybodywhowantsto__12__theunreachableandtotakethat__13__intotherestoftheirlife.Whenyoucrossthefinishlineyoumayne

verhavea__14__pictureofwhatyouaremadeofandcapableofaccomplishing.Your__15__oftheworldand，moreimportantly，ofyourselfwillforeverb

echanged！1．A.alwaysB．rarelyC．neverD．nearly2．A.pointingB．applyingC．turningD．spreading3．A.hardB．relaxin

gC．unfamiliarD．exciting4．A.someB．bothC．moreD．none5．A.reportB．recordC．recallD．consider6．A.heldB．missedC．attende

dD．mentioned7．A.inspiredB．disturbedC．embarrassedD．amused8．A.participateB．finishC．winD．run9．A.agreewithB．relyonC．care

forD．believein10．A.confidenceB．pleasureC．satisfactionD．motivation11．A.lastB．firstC．onlyD．second12．A.testB．identifyC．imagineD．reach13．A.knowledgeB

．requestC．principleD．experience14．A.biggerB．brighterC．clearerD．nicer15．A.viewB．loveC．descriptionD．memory[答题区]1～

5______________6～10______________11～15______________