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东城区2023-2024学年度第一学期期末统一检测高三英语本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用

（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When19-yearoldAliceDickinsonfoundoutherfatherhadcancer,her___

1___wasalittledifferentthanyoumightexpect.Tohonorherfather,whoshealsodescribesasherbestfriend,shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalled

ForLove,___2___booksforkidswithcancer.“Itwasverymuchanovernightidea,”sheexplains.“Ipostedamessageonanappaskingmyneighborsforusedbookdonat

ions.Iwasonlyexpectingafewhereandthere,buttheresponsewastruly___3___anditwasjustthepushIneededtoco-existwithmysadnessratherthanlettingit___4___me.

”“Itwasabsolutelyheartbreakingtowatchmydad___5___cancerandseehimlosealittlebitofhimselfeachday,butthebookdriveallowedm

eto___6___anewfoundsenseofpurposemixedwithanevengreatersenseofsympathyanddesiretohelpothers.Iwantedtohelp___7___.They’vealwaysheldasoftspotinmyhe

art.”Usingthe___8___sheearnsfromworkingatherparents’breadshop,Alicehasboughtmanybooksoutofherownpocket.Ina

ddition,shereceivesdonationsthroughheronlinewishlist.Alicespentawholesummerdrivingaroundtown,loadingboxesofbooksintohercar.“Itwassuchauniqueexper

iencetoknowpeoplehadcarriedthesebooksalltheirlivesthroughgenerations,andtheywantedto___9___themtomycause.”Theprojecth

asseenahuge___10___,withForLovedonatingover15,000booksandbeingwidelyrecognizedbythemedia.1.A.sufferingB.explanationC.res

ponseD.treatment2.A.writingB.promotingC.readingD.collecting3.A.appropriateB.incredibleC.familiarD.immediate4.A.ex

cuseB.consumeC.dismissD.touch5.A.throwoffB.keepfromC.lookintoD.gothrough6.A.evaluateB.developC.regainD.provide7.A.k

idsB.neighborsC.friendsD.parents8.A.creditB.interestC.awardsD.tips9.A.giftB.lendC.submitD.mail10.A.marketB.profitC.successD.demand第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.

5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mysix-year-olddaughter,Rona,listenedattentively

totheradioonthehardshipspeoplesuffered___11___poorareas.ItwasthedayafterRona’sbirthdayandhergrandmotherhadgivenhersomemoney.Whent

heofferingbasketcamearound,Rona___12___(reach)intoherpocket,pulledoutherbirthdaymoney,andputitinthebask

et.“Yourgrandmotherwantedyoutousethattobuysomethingnicefor___13___(you),”Isaid.“Idid,”Ronarepliedwithabigsmile.“Ibough

thappiness.”B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Somepeoplearelivingverylonglives.Whataresomeoftheirsecretstolongevi

ty?___14___(eat)therightfoodplaysabigrole.Exerciseisalsoimportant.Astudyfoundthatpeoplewhoexercisedat___15___(recommend)levelsgained3-

4yearsoflifecomparedtothose___16___wereinactive.Inaddition,thereisalsoalinkbetweenhappinessandlifespan—happypeoplewithapositiveoutlookonlif

etendtolive___17___(long)andexperiencebetterhealththantheirunhappypeers.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词

的正确形式填空。Astudyshows176birdspecieshavebeenfoundtobuildnestswithhumanlitter,suchasplasticbagsandfishingnets.___18___worriesthe

scientistsisthatsuchmaterialscanharmchicksandevenadultbirds.Thestudy___19___(review)researchcoveringalmost35,000nestsandfindsth

atbirdsusehuman-madematerialsinnestsonallcontinentsexceptAntarctica.Whilesuchbehaviour___20___(observe)asearlyasinthe1830s,inrecentyearsit

hasundoubtedlyincreased.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AConne

ctedtoeachotherlikeneverbefore,youngpeopletodayarebecomingagentsofchange,increasinglycontributingtoinnovativesolutionsthatimprovepeople’slivesandthe

planet’shealth.TheUnitedNationsInstituteforTrainingandResearchisthereforedelightedtolaunchtheYoungLeadersOnlineTraini

ngProgramme,afour-weeke-Learningcourse,toprovideparticipantswiththeknowledgeandskillstofullyunfoldth

eirpotentialasgloballeaders.◆CONTENT◇OnlineLearningModulesModule1:TheUnitedNations(3-9June2024)Module2:ConferenceDiplomac

y(外交)(10-16June2024)Module3:SustainableDevelopmentGoals(17-23June2024)Module4:InternationalCommunication

(24-30June2024)Eachmodulewillcompriseabout30pagesofliterature,externallinks,videos,andotherrelevantmaterial,correspondingtoatotalworkloadof40-45h

oursduringthefourweeks.◇LiveComponentsEache-LearningmodulewillgowithaseriesoflivemeetingswithUNexperts.Thesewillhavevaryingle

ngthsandformats,includinge-workshops,mock(模拟的)interviews,etc.◆COMPLETIONREQUIREMENTSParticipantsarequalifiedforacoursecertificateuponsuccessf

ulcompletionofthecomponentsbelow:◇Readingthefourmodules’content.YoumaywishtostudythematerialthroughtheinteractiveprogrammeArticulate

StorylineorsimplydownloadthePDFversionofthecontent.Theyareidenticalincontentandaremeanttogiveparticipantsflexibilityinthewaytostudy.◇Pa

rticipationinthediscussionboardforums(论坛).Youaresupposedtoanswerquestionsoneverymoduleinshorttexts.Yourpostswillbeevaluatedaccording

tobothquantityandquality.◇Passingthemultiple-choiceassessments.Eachmodulefeaturesanassessmentquizatitsend.Itcontains10questionsandpa

ssingthemodulerequiresatleast8outof10questionscorrectlyanswered.21.Whatisthemainaimofthecourse?A.Toimpro

vethelivesofyoungpeople.B.Toconnecttheyoutharoundtheworld.CTocollectinnovativeideasfromyoungpeople.D.Tobuilduptheyouth’sgloballeadershipability.2

2.Whatwillparticipantsdoineachmodule?A.Readgreatworksofliterature.B.Spend40-45hoursonlearning.C.Makevideo

sfortheUnitedNations.D.HaveonlinemeetingswithUNexperts.,.23.Togetacoursecertificate,aparticipantneedsto______.A.

takepartinthediscussionsB.postquestionsoneachmoduleC.copythePDFversionofthecontentD.answerallthetestquestionscorrectlyBWhenIfirstheardabo

uttheimprov(即兴表演)classes,Iwastorn.Asanintrovert,Ifearedgettingonstageandimprovisinginfrontofstrangers.However,IknewIwantedtoworkasasciencecommunica

torafterfinishingmyPh.D.,soitseemedliketheperfectopportunitytoimprovemyspeakingabilityandgainconfidencethinkingonmyfeet.Duringo

urfirstclass,welearnedacoreconceptofimprov:“yes,and.”Itmeansthat,asimprovisers,weacceptwhatfellowper

formerssay.Ifsomeonesaysthatrhinos(犀牛)arelibrarians,forexample,thenrhinosarelibrarians.Wedonotquestionthelogic;wesay“yes”andcontinuewiththesceneas

ifnohimiswrong.Igotatasteofhowdifficultthatwaswhenactingoutmyfirstscene.Myclassmateturnedtomeandsaid,“Mo

misgoingtobesomad.”Madaboutwhat?Mymindspunoutideas,andmyinnercriticshotthemalldown.Webrokethecar?No,

that’stooeasy.Wefailedatest?No,youdon’twantyourclassmatesthinkingyou’restupidonthefirstday.Ifinallylandedonananswer:

“Yes,we’regoingtobelatefordinner.”Thesceneproceededfromthere,andweeventuallyfinishedastwosisterswholosttheirwayonahikingtrail.Thefirstfew

sceneswerehard,butasweeksturnedintomonths,Ibecamemorecomfortablethinkingonmyfeetandevenstartedtoenjoyourclasses.Ineversilencedmyin

nercriticentirely,butovertime,Ididn’tpolicemywordswithquitesomucheffort.Ialsobecamebetteratlistening,re

latingtomyconversationpartners,andcommunicatingclearlyinthemoment.Thattrainingproveduseful6monthsago,whenm

yexperimentsgeneratedunreasonabledata.Earlyoningraduateschool,Iwouldgetstuckwhenthishappened;myinnercriticwouldassumeIhadm

adeamistake.Butthen,afterembracingthe“yes,and”concept,insteadofgettingdiscouraged,Ikeptexploringthedataandendedupidentifyinganewtypeofcell—onethatwa

sn’tbehavingasexpected.IfIhadn’tacceptedthepossibilitythattheresultswerereal,IwouldhavemissedoutonthemostexcitingfindingofmyPh.D.sofar.Allscien

tistscanbenefitfromthislesson.Ifthedatasayrhinosarelibrarians,thenit’sworthinvestigatingwhetherrhinosare,infact,libra

rians.Ourjobasscientistsisn’ttogeneratedatathatsupportapreconceived(预想的)story.Ourjobistosay“yes,and.”24.Whydidtheauthortaketheim

provclasses?A.Toimproveherlogicalmind.B.TofinishherPh.D.assignment.C.Todevelophercommunicationskills.D.

Topursueherinterestinperformance.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelduringthefirstscene?A.Conflicted.B.Bored.C.Discouraged.D.Embarrassed.26.Accordin

gtotheauthor,inherexperiments,“yes,and”helpedher______.A.acceptfailuresB.makeanewdiscoveryC.makeupforamistake

D.correctunreasonabledata27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theunknowncanbeaninspiration.B.Theunexpectedcanberew

arding,C.Theunfortunatecanbeachance.D.Theunusualcanbedecisive.CWhenwe’resolvingacomplicatedproblem,weoftengathe

ragrouptobrainstorm.We’relookingtogetthebestideasasquicklyaspossible.Iloveseeingithappen—exceptforonetinywrinkle.Groupbrains

tormingusuallybackfires.Extensiveevidenceshowsthatwhenwegenerateideastogether,we’reunlikelytomaximizecollectiveintelligence.AsthehumouristJohnSmit

hsaid,“Ifyouhadtoidentify,inoneword,thereasonwhythehumanracehasnotachieved,andneverwillachieve,itsfullpotential,thatwordwouldbe:‘mee

tings’.”Buttheproblemisn’tmeetingsthemselves—it’showwerunthem.Thinkaboutthebrainstormingsessionsyou’veattended.You’veprobablyseenpeoplebitetheirto

nguesduetoegothreat(“Idon’twanttolookstupid.”),noise(“Wecan’talltalkatonce.”),andconformitypressure(“Let’salljumpontheboss’sship!”)

.Goodbyediversityofthought,hellogroupthink.Tounearththehiddenpotentialinteamsinsteadofbrainstorming,we’rebetter

offshiftingtoaprocesscalled“brainwriting”.Theinitialstepsaresolo.Youstartbyaskingeveryonetogenerateideasseparately.Next,youpoolthe

mandsharethemamongthegroup.Topreserveindependentjudgment,eachmemberevaluatesthemontheirown.Onlythendoestheteamcometogethertoselectandrefinethemost

promisingoptions.Bydevelopingandassessingideasindividuallybeforechoosingthem,teamscansurfaceandadvancepossibilitiesthatmightnotget

attentionotherwise.ResearchbyorganizationalbehaviourscholarAnitaWoolleyandhercolleagueshelpstoexplainwhythismethodworks.Theyfindthatakeytocollec

tiveintelligenceisfullandfairparticipation.Inbrainstormingmeetings,it’stooeasyforparticipationtobecomelopsidedinfavourofthe

biggestegos,theloudestvoices,andthemostpowerfulpeople.Thebrainwritingprocessmakessurethatallideasarebroughttothetableanda

llvoicesarebroughtintotheconversation.Thegoalisn’ttobethesmartestpersonintheroom—it’stomaketheroomsmarter.Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividual

creativity.Butitdoesn’tendthere.Individualsproduceagreater,volumeandvarietyofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Thatmeanst

hattheycomeupwithmorebrilliantideasthangroups—butalsomoreterribleideasthangroups.Ittakescollectivejudgmenttofindth

esignalinthenoiseandbringthebestideastofruition.28.BothJohnSmithandtheauthormayagreethatbrainstormingmeetingsfailto______.A.assess

humanspotentialB.simplifyproblemsquicklyC.acceptpossiblegoodideasD.getthemostoutofindividuals29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lop

sided”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Informal.B.Unbalanced.C.Improper.D.Unpleasant.30.Theauthorwritesthispassagemainlyto______.A

.challengeaconclusionB.makeacomparisonCadvocateapracticeD.introducearesearchDScientistsarepoorforecastersofthefuture.Buttwotrendscanbeconfidentlypre

dicted.First,theworldwillgetmorecrowded.There’llbemorethan9billionpeopleby2050.Second,theworldwillgetwarme

randsomegovernmentswon’tprioritisethelong-termmeasuresneededtodealwithclimatechange,eventhoughscienceoffersusaroadma

ptoalow-carbonfuture.That’swhyweshouldbepromotersofnewtechnology—withoutittheworldcan’tprovidethefoodandsustainableene

rgyneededforanexpandingpopulation.Butweshouldalsobecautious,asnewtechnologies,suchasAI,maybehardtocontrol.AIwillundoubtedlybecomem

oreintrusiveinthefuture.Recordsofourmovements,healthandfinancialtransactionswillbestoredinthecloud.Thedatamaybeusedforjusti

fiablereasons,suchasproteinfoldinganddrugdevelopment,ortowarnusofinitialhealthrisks,butitsavailabilitytoInternetcompaniesisalreadyshiftingthebalanceo

fpowerfromgovernmentstoglobal-scalecorporations.Actually,it’sbeyondEarththatAIhasthemostenormouspotential.HumansmayhaveestablishedbasesbeyondEarthb

ytheyear2100．Butdon’teverexpectmassemigration(移民)fromEarth.It’safalsebeliefthatspaceoffersanescapefromour

problems.DealingwithclimatechangeonEarthisapieceofcakecomparedtoterraformingMars.Nevertheless,weshouldcheeronthesebravehu

manspaceadventurers.They’llbeill-adaptedtoaMartianhabitat,sothey’llhaveasupermotivetoredesignthemselves.It’sthey,no

tthoseofusadaptedtolifeonEarth,whowillpioneerthepost-humanera(时代)..Ifpost-humansmaketheshiftfromfleshandbloodt

ofullyartificialintelligencestheywon’tneedanatmosphereofevengravity,soit’sindeepspace—notevenonMarsthatnonbiological“brains”maydeveloppowe

rsthatwecan’timagine.Theymayendupbeingmentallydifferentfromus.AIcouldjump-startahugeemigrationandthusevenmorecomplexintelligencespreadsthroughth

euniverse.Butlet’srefocusfromthesciencefictionofthefarfuture.closertothehereandnow.Thiscenturyisspecial.It’sthefirst,inEarth’s4.5-billion-yea

rhistorywhereonespecies-ours—holdstheplanet’sfutureinitshands.Ourintelligencecouldinitiatebillionsofyearsofpost-humanevolut

ion(演化),evenmoreamazingthanthatwhichledtous.Ontheotherhand,humanscouldcausebiological,environmentalorcybercatastrophesthatforecloseallthispotential.I

fscienceistosaveus,weneedtothinkglobally,sensiblyandlong-term—empoweredbyscience,butguidedbyvaluesthatsci

encealonecan’tprovide.31.Whydoestheauthormentionthetwotrendsinthefirstparagraph?A.Toreplytogovernments’decisions.B.Toshows

cientists’predictionability.C.Topresentacallforscientificadvances.D.Tohighlightthechallengestoscientists.32.Acco

rdingtothispassage,AIcan______.A.putanendtoclimatechangeB.makemasshumanemigrationpossibleC.speedupthecompetitioninmedicalfieldsD.bringa

boutpotentialthreatsfrombigcompanies33.Asforthefuture,whatdoestheauthoragreewith?A.Post-humanswillrepeatthehistor

yofhumans.B.Complexintelligencewilldominatetheuniverse.C.Fullyartificialintelligencesmayinhabitouterspace.

D.Non-biologicalbrainsmayinviteunforeseendisasters.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CouldAISaveUs?B.WillScienceLeadEvolution?C.ArcSpa

ceAdventurersPioneers?D.IsComplexIntelligenceComing?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选

项中有两项为多余选项。TheScienceofComfortFoodCertainfoodsalwaysgiveusmuchpleasure.___35___However,muchofthehappinesswegetfromourfavori

tefoodscomesfromthememoriestheybringtousandthepeoplewe’rewithwhileweenjoythem.,___36___That’swhyourbrainsrewardusf

oreatinganythingatallbyreleasingachemicalthatenhancesmood.Butasanyonewho’severeatenapplepieknows,sweetscanmake

usfeelespeciallynice.Onestudyfoundthatpeoplewhoareespeciallysensitivetosweetnesshavestrongerbrain-rewardresponsestosugaryfoodsthanlesssweet-sens

itivepeopledo.Somefoodsareespeciallyemotionallysatisfyingforreasonsthathavelittletodowiththeirtasteornutritionalcontent,though.___37___An

dmanyfavoriteAmericancomfortfoods—chili,say—arenotparticularlysweetorhighincarbohydrates(碳水化合物).Oftenwelovefoodbecausewehavefondmemoriesassoc

iatedwithit.OnedishIcannotlivewithoutataNewYearpartyismymom’sSnowyMashedPotatoes,whichremindmeofholidayjoyandpastreunionswithexten

dedfamily.___38___Sometimesyoumightfeelsadwhenyoueatfoodsthatremindyouoflovedonesyoumiss.Wemayalsoavoidfoodsthatweassociatewithb

adexperiences.Ihaven’teatencottagecheesesinceIwas8yearsold,becauseitwasthelastthingIatebeforerollingoffthebedwithaterriblestomachache.Inadditionto

pastmemories,thecontextinwhichweeatfoodsmatters,too.___39___Andourgustatory(味觉的)experiencescanbeheightenedby“asenseofcommunity,asense

ofwarmthandenjoyingittogether”.Iappreciatemymum’spotatoesevenmoretodaywhenIeatthemwithmyhusbandandtwochildren.A.Foodisessentialfo

roursurvival.B.Theseassociationscangotheotherway,too.C.Wedesirecomfortfoodswhenwefeellonely.D.Itshapeshowmuc

hweenjoytheminthemoment.E.Theirtasteandnutritionalcontentaffecthowwefeel.F.Ourmemoryforsmellcanbelong-lastingandprecise.G.

Afterall,differentcultureshavedifferentcomfortfoods.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Sma

rtphoneshavebecomeabigpartofpeople’slives.Whenwetemporarilycan’tfindthem,itcausesafeelingofanxietyor

panic.Somepsychologistshavecalledit“nomophobia”.Thankfully,Irodethroughthewithdrawalofmysmartphoneanditwasshort-lived.WhenIgotmy

firstsmartphoneoveradecadeago,Ilovedit.Itgavemeinstantaccesstomymusic,aworldofinformationandthousandsofphotosandvideos.B

utovertime,Ibecameincreasinglyambivalentaboutitsroleinmylife.Iwouldrepeatedlyrefreshmyemail,shoponlineforstuffIdidn’tneedandconstantlyscro

llthroughthelatestnews.I’doftencomplaintomyhusbandandtomyseven-year-oldson,Louis,thatIfelttrappedbyit.Then,onedaylastsummer,whileIwasplayin

gwithLouis,Iwasonceagaindistractedbydingsandpings.Hefinallyremindedmeofmycomplaints,butrephrasedthemasaplea:“Mommy,justgiveit

upalready!”Idecidedtotry.Insteadofgoingcoldturkey—nocellphoneatall—Iboughtaflipphone.Withnotouchscreen,t

extingistime-consuming.Once,whiletryingtocatchupontextswithafriend,Ifinallygotfrustratedandcalledher.IrealizedI

hadn’tspokentohersinceherbigmove.Itmadeadifferencetohearboththeexcitementinhervoiceasshedescribedseeingthenorthernlightsandhersadnessinbeingawayf

romasickparent.Nowadays,peoplemayprefertext-basedcommunicationoverusingthephonebecausetheyfearthatthecallwillbeawkward.But,justasIlear

ned,whenwewereforcedtoconnectvoicetovoice,wewouldfindourselvesmorebondedtothatperson.WuyouSui,anexpe

rtresearchingdigitalhealth,describesnomophobiaasareliancethat’sbeenplaceduponus.“Wheneversomethingisdesignedtomak

eachoiceeasier,it’scalledabehaviouralnudge,”heexplains,addingthatthemorecentraltoourlivesthesmartphone’sfunctionsare,themoreprisonedwebecome

.Ultimately,though,thatsenseofdependenceisfalse.AsI’vefound,youcandoallthethingsyouneedtodoinotherways.It’snot

alwaysconvenient,butIknowI’mmuchcalmeronaregularbasiswithoutmysmartphone.40.Whatdoes“nomophobia”referto?_______________________________

______________________________________________________41.Whydidtheauthordecidetogiveuphersmartphone?____________________________

________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement

,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.▶Accordingtotheauthor,wewillfinditawkwardtotalkwithafriendonthephone._____________________________

_______________________________________________________43.Apartfromthewaysmentionedinthepassage,whatcanyoudotoavoid“nomop

hobia”?(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________________________________第二节（20分）44

.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校英语俱乐部将举办“最美唐诗译文”评选活动。作为活动负责人，请你用英文给外教Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他担任评委，内容包括：1．活动介绍；2．评委职责。注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾

已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________Yours,LiHua