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通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高一年级期末质量检测英语试卷2024年7月本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共1

5分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Reagan,abooklover,lookedupfromhisreadingasthebe

llrangovertheentrancetothebookstore.Puzzled,hewatchedforaminuteasDarya___1___towardthecounter(柜台)asiftoaskaquestion.Itdidn’tmakesens

ethatDarya,oneoftheschool’stopathletes,wasinabookstore.Notwantingtobenoticed,Reagan___2___foundanothervol

umetoread.Hewouldn’tknowwhattosayifshetriedtostartaconversationbecausehethoughttheytwoweretoodifferenttohaveanythi

ngto___3___.“Hey,Reagan.”Hergreeting___4___him,andhisbreathcaughtinhisthroatasitbecameapparenthehadn’tescapedafterall.“Maybeyouca

nhelpme.”Hedoubtedit,buthemanagedtochokeoutareply.“Me?”“I’mtryingto___5___abookonsoccerskills.Iwon’tbeabletogotoc

ampoverspringbreak,andIneedtoimprovemygamebeforethenextseasonbegins.”Reaganswallowed,thenmotionedrandomlywithh

ishandsbeforehefoundhisvoice.“Sure.Overhere.”Hethoughtitwouldsaveconfusionifhejust___6___thewayratherthantrytopointherintherightdirection.Asshefo

llowedhimthroughtheshelves,hedaredtoimaginetheymightnotbeso___7___afterall.Hefeltabriefflashofhope,thesunshiningsuddenlywhereallhadbeengray.___8___,

oneofDarya’steammatesappearedasifoutofnowhere,urginghertofinishanypurchases,ortheywouldbelateforpractice.Sighing,Reaganreali

zednothinghadreallychanged;thedifferenceswouldneverletthembreakdownthosebarriers,eveniftheysochose.Instead,shetur

nedtoReaganwitha___9___smile,“Thanksforyourhelp,andhey,maybewecouldplaysoccersometime?”Surprisedbutpleased,Reagan’sheartleaptattheunexpected__

__10____,asignthatperhapsthebarrierswerenotasinsurmountable(跨越)ashe’dthought.1.A.rushedB.walkedC.droveD.turned2.A.appa

rentlyB.obviouslyC.quicklyD.finally3.A.talkaboutB.dealwithC.carryoutD.settlein4.A.inspiredB.remindedC.attackedD.surprised5A.locateB.figureC.ga

therD.deliver6.A.controlledB.ledC.designedD.made7.A.particularB.uniqueC.differentD.determined8.A.LuckilyB.

ActuallyC.SlowlyD.Immediately9.A.warmB.forcedC.crazyD.determined10.A.congratulationB.invitationC.electionD.fortune第二节(共10小题;每小

题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Asafive-year-oldgirl,LinQiaozhiwasdeeplyaffectedbyhermother’

sdeath.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,she___11___(choo

se)tostudymedicine.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?___12___(find)agoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrothercomp

lained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.Sheresponded,“I’dratherstayasingle___13___(study)allmylife!”B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1

个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Intheafternoon,IheadedtoalocalmuseumthatshowedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia.In1848,goldwasdiscoverednearSanFr

ancisco,___14___startedagoldrush.Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseek___15___(they)fortune,andSanFranciscoquicklybecamea

bigcity.ManyChinesearrivedduringthisperiod.___16___(earn)aliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurants___17

___Chinatown.Manyothersfoundjobsonfarms,joinedthegoldrush,orwenttobuildtherailway.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填

写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.High-endproductsar

oundtheworld___18___(make)toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnology.Forexample,spacetechnologies___19___(help)theresearchanddevelopment

ofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse.Today,spacetechnologiesare__

_20___(wide)usedinallkindsofindustries.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分).第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳

选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABritishScienceWeekishappeninginMarch.“Time”isthisyear’stheme.ThemovementofplanetEarthe

xplainswhywehavedifferentseasonsovertheyearandwhyweneedtimezones.Microsecondaccuracykeepsourcomputersystemstickin

gandhelpsglobalpositioningsatellitestoprovideuswithpreciselocationinformation.Infact,timeisverynecessaryforusandiskey

tosomanySTEMdiscoveries.TheweekhopestoraiseawarenessandstimulateenthusiasmforSTEMsubjects.Therewillbelotsofeventsacross

theUKandmanydifferentwaysforyoutoexperiencetime.AstronomicalTimeAtTheRoyalObservatoryinGreenwich,London,youcanexploretheoriginsoftellingthetim

e,andhowtime-tellinginstrumentshaveevolved.We’llalsofindoutwhatsolutionsinventorsandinnovatorsofthepastcameupwithtomeasuretime,hel

psailorsatsea,andstandardizetime—ensuringpeopleinandacrosscommunitieswereusingthesameorsimilartime.MakingTimeTheMuseumofTimekeepingishometoafascinat

ingcollectionofclocks,watches,andtimepieces.Youcanhaveaguidedtourofthemuseumgalleriesandlistentosomeof

thestoriesbehindtheartifacts.YoucanseethewatchwornbyCaptainScottonhisill-fatedAntarcticexpeditionof1912andgett

ohearthevoiceofthefirstSpeakingClock(aphonenumberyoucouldcalltofindoutwhattimeitwas).PassingofTimeFormedoveronemillionyearsago,Ched

darGorgeisBritain’sbiggestgorge(deep,narrowvalley).Itis137metersdeepandthreemileslong.Itwascarvedbyme

ltwaterfloods,leavingbehindmysteriouscaves.ThemostfamousisGough’sCave,whereBritain’soldestcompleteskeleton,knownastheCheddarMan,whichdatesbackover10

,000yearsandwasdiscoveredin1903.Youcanfocusonhowourancestorslivedandunderstandthepast.21.Wherecanyouexplorewhatmethods

havebeenproposedtomeasuretime?A.TheRoyalObservatory.B.GreenwichPark.C.MuseumofTimekeeping.D.CheddarGorge.22.Whatcan

youdiscoverattheMuseumofTimekeeping?A.Instrumentsforseaexploration.B.Clockswatches,andtimepieces.C.SomemusicaboutAntarcticexped

ition.D.TheCheddarMan’scollectionofartifacts.23.WhatisthesignificanceofCheddarGorge?,A.Itisthedeepestgor

geintheworld.B.Ittellshowthecavesweredestroyed.C.Itshowswherethemeltwaterfloodscamefrom.D.Itprovidesinsightintohowourancestorslived.24.Whatisthemainp

urposeofBritishScienceWeek?A.ToprovidetoursattheMuseumofTimekeeping.B.Toexplorethehistoryoftimekeepinginstruments.C.Tohighlightthegeol

ogicalhistoryofCheddarGorge.D.TopromoteSTEMsubjectsthrougheventsrelatedtothethemeof“Time.”BItwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfr

omsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroutethroughthickevergreenforest.Ilookedaroundandfinallyspott

edDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilew

asabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohar

dforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,”heexp

laineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊恼).Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtheri

ghtthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfe

etforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthou

ghtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecided

tojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger—that’sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughh

ealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDav

idfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.Davidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.Theracestarted.Therouteseemedlong,especi

allyforachildwithabraindisease.Davidinsistedonrunningasifhehadforgottenallhisweaknesses.Hetrippedwithinthefirstfewkilomet

ersbutquicklypickedhimselfupandcontinued.Classmatescheered,“Comeon!Youcanmakeit!We’reproudofyou!”Toeveryone’sjoy,hereachedthefinishlin

eandranked20th.Itwasn’timportantwhetherhewonfirstplace.Itwashisbraveheartandstrongfaiththatmadesomethingunusu

alhappen.25.WhydidthecoachaskDavidtomakethedecision?AThecoachdidn’twantDavidtogetinjured.B.ThecoachthoughtDavidwa

stooweaktorun.C.ThecoachfearedDavidwouldbemadefunof.D.ThecoachbelievedDavidshouldfocusonhisstudies.26.HowdidDav

id’sclassmatesviewhimatschool?A.Theyfeltsorryforhim.B.Theysawhimasanormalkid.C.Theyoftenplayedtricksonhim.D.Theypreventedhimfromactiv

ities.27.WhatcanwelearnfromDavid’sstory?A.Hewonfirstplacewithother’shelp.B.Hewasthemostmodestamongallthechildren.C.Hisbehavorsprovedhisheartdiseasew

asaproblem.D.Hisdeterminationandfaithmadetheachievementspecial.CSpaceexplorationhasproducedvaluableinsightsaboutEarth,thesolars

ystemandbeyond.However,massivespaceactivityoverthepastfewdecadeshasledtounintendedorbitaldebris(残骸).Everylaunchofsatellitesorrocket

saddstotheproblem,increasingtheriskthatnegativelyinfluencesnotonlyspacemissionsbutalsofutureendeavors.Sincethe1957launchofSputnik-1,humanac

tivityinEarth’sorbithascausedsignificantdistortionsinspace,raisingseriousconcernsaboutthedebrisleftbehind.Thisever-inc

reasingthreatcanbebestunderstoodthroughtheKesslersyndromeinspace.ThisphenomenonoccurswhenobjectsinlowEarthorbit(LEO)becom

esocrowdedthattheybegintohiteachother,creatingmoredebrisandmorecollisions(碰撞),thusresultinginchainreactionsofmergersandfission

s.ManyexpertswarnthatLEOismovingtowardsKessler’ssyndrome.Accidentalcollisionsinspacealsoincreasetheorbitaloverload,s

uchasthe2009collisionbetweentwosatellites,Kosmos2251andIridium33.Sucheventshaveworsenedtheorbitaldebrisproblemandraisedtheprospecto

fdisastrousspaceconditions.Theneedforsustainablespaceactivitiesandthereductionofspacedebrisisbeingemphasizedgloballytoaddresstherisingspacep

ollution.Therefore,governmentshaveissuedmanyregulatorymeasures,includingactivedebrisremoval(ADR)technologiesorpollutionprevention,whichareeitherp

lanned,tested,oralreadycarriedouttoprotectbothexistingspacecraftandonessettobelaunched.Besidesregulatorymeasures,severalmitigatingmethods

arealsousedtoreducetheorbitaloverload.OnesuchmethodinvolvescausingasatellitetobreakdownnaturallybybringingitclosertoE

arth’ssurfacesoitburnsupintheatmosphere.Thismethodisconsideredcost-effectivebecausethedefunctsatellitecanbepus

hedtowardtheEarth’ssurfaceataloweraltitudeusingaphysicaltoollikeanetoranair-burstingtool.Anothersimilartechnology.usesaharpoonthatisfiredinthe

directionofthetargetedspacecrafttocaptureitanddirectittowardsEarthinanactivemanner,causingthedebristodeorbitandpl

anatmosphericincineration.Toreducethelong-termriskofcollisions,thefocusneedstobeonreducingtheamountofdebrisintheorbit.Internationalcooperationandcon

tinuedinvestmentindebrisreductiontechnologiesarecarriedouttoreducethepotentiallydisastrousconsequencesofanovercrowdedorbit.28.Whatisthe

parimaryconcernregardingorbitaldebris?A.Itsimpactonweatherpatterns.B.Itsimpactonfuturespacemissions.C.Itsimpactonsatellit

ecommunication.D.Itsimpactonnaturalatmosphericprocesses.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigating”inParagraph6most

probablymean?A.Lessening.B.Worsening.C.Curing.D.Strengthening.30.Whataresomeregulatoryandmitigationmeasurestoaddressspacedebris?A.

Frequentsatellitelaunches.B.Morespacetourismfortax.C.Activedebrisremovaltechnologies.D.Morespacetelescopesformonitoring.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthispa

ssage?A.Therearenoexistingmethodstoreducespacedebris.B.Reducingspacedebriscallsforjointandfurtherefforts.C.Thek

esslersyndromeisaminorconcernforspacemissions.D.Activedebrisremoval(ADR)technologiesaretheonlysolutiontospacedebris.DAni

nternationalteamoffossil(化石)huntershasdiscoveredtheremainsofa“nursery”ofprehistoricseacreaturesinChina.Thef

ossilsdatebacktoaround518millionyearsago—atimeknownastheCambrianPeriod,whenalllifeonEarthlivedintheoceans.Itisveryraretofindso

manyfossilsfromtheCambrianPeriodinoneplace.Thescientists,ledbyXianfengYangfromYunnanUniversity,found2,846fossilsfrom118differentsp

eciesatthesite,nearthecityofKunming.Theyincludeancientancestorsofmodern-dayinsects,shellfishandworms,aswellasextincttrilobites(三叶虫).Seve

nteenofthespeciesdiscoveredarenewtoscience,andmorethanhalfofthefossilsareyounganimals.Thishasledresearcherstotheconclusionthatthesitewasasor

tofdeep-seanurserywhereconditionswerewellsuitedforyoungcreaturestogrow.Whentheseabedwascoveredbysoftmud(泥)thesecreatures’remainswereperfectlyp

reserved,eventuallycreatingalayeroffossil-richrock.Alongsidehardbodyparts,likebonesandteeth,softtiss

uewasalsopreserved,whichisespeciallyimportantwhenlookingbacktoaperiodwhenmostanimalshadsoftbodies.Someofthefossilsaresowellpreservedthatresearch

ershavebeenabletospotbodypartsthey’veneverseenbefore.Onebenefitofalltheyoungcreaturesfossilsisthatscientistswillbeabletole

arnhowthecreatureschangedastheyaged.“We’llseehowdifferentbodypartsgrewovertime,”explainedresearcherJulienKimmig,fromPennS

tateUniversityintheUS,“whichissomethingwecurrentlydonotknowaboutformostofthesegroups.”What’smore,Kimmigandhiscolleagueswi

llbeabletocomparethecreatureswithlivingthingstoday.“Wewillseeifhowtheseanimalsdeveloptodayissimilartohowtheydeveloped500millionyearsa

go,orifsomethinghaschangedthroughouttime.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefossilsfound?A.Halfofthemareextinctseacreatures.B.Theyarespreadouto

verdifferentsites.C.Someofthemarepreviouslyunknownspecies.D.Theybelongtorareanimalslivingintheoceans.33Whatkeptthec

reatures’remainsfrombeingdamaged?A.Theywereprotectedinrocks.B.Theywereburiedinthedeepsea.C.Theseafloor

wascoatedwithmud.D.Theseabedwasingoodcondition.34.Whatdoscientistswanttolearnfromthefossils?A.Thecreatu

res’age.B.Changesinthecreatures’growth.C.Similaritiesbetweenthesespeciesgroups.D.Thecreatures’impactonlivin

gthingstoday.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultureshockisthefeelingofuncertainty,confus

ion,oranxietythatpeoplemaygetwhentheyliveinorvisitanothercountrythatdiffersfromtheirown.______35______Itcanundoub

tedlyaffectpeople’slives.Thefollowingaresomewaystodealwithcultureshock.Haveagoodunderstandingofcultureandcultureshock.Therearemanyfactors

thatmakeupaculture,includingsharedbeliefs,traditionsandmorals.______36______It’sbecausetheyaresurroundedbypeoplewiththesameb

eliefsandvalues,andculturaldifferencesareonlyclearwhenyoumeetsomeoneelse’sculture.Keepajournal(日记)ofyou

rthoughts._____37_____Andyouarefeelingabitoverwhelmed(不知所措的)withtheculturethere.Ratherthangivingintoyouranxiety,writeitout.Writedownhowyoufeltatth

emomentandwhattroubledyouormadeyouhappythatday.Youcanalsoputsomethingdownifyou’remissinganyonefromyourhometown.______38______Don’tal

lowyourselftobecomearecluse(隐居者)duringthisexperience.Youcanshareyourfeelingsandexperienceswithyourrelativesandfriends.Ifyouarestudy

ingabroadandhave.otherclassmateswhohavesimilarfeelings,connectwiththemaswellaswiththosewhoareadjustingabitmoreeasily.Dosomethingsyouusuallyl

ike.Don’tallowthecultureshocktooccupyyourmind.Andtrytodosomethinginterestingtoreplacearangeofnegativeemotions,includin

ganxiety,sadness,anger,homesickness,andsometimesevendepression._____39_____Orpracticeyourhobbieslikereadinganddancing.A

.Shareyourculture.B.Talktoothersaboutyourexperiences.C.Trytostepoutsideofyourownculture.D.Sometimessuchafeelingcanbeverystrong.E.Youcanwatchmo

viesorlistentomusicthatyouenjoy.F.Manypeopledon’trealizehowcultureinfluencesthem.G.Perhapsyouhaverecentlymovedtoanewcityorcountr

y.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分)根据中文和给出的英文提示词语，完成下列英文句子。将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。40.唐人街是多元文化的一个重要组成部分。(Chinatowns,diverseculture)(汉译英)________________

____________________________________________________________________________41.在那时候，来自中国的移民定居在这个地区。（immigrants,settle）（汉译英）_

___________________________________________________________________________________________42.作为医生，我们必须对

患者负责。(responsible,patients)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________43.工作了几年之后，林医生被派往欧洲学习。

(send,Europe)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________44.太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。(explorespa

ce,benefits)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________45.在此之前，大部分人认

为在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦。(travellingintospace,impossibledream)(汉译英)_____________________________________________

_______________________________________________第二节(20分)46.假设你是红星中学李华，你的英国朋友Jim暑期想要来中国旅游，了解中国少数民族文化。请你给他写一封电子邮件，帮他推荐一座城市，内容包括：1．你建议及理由

;2．你的祝愿。注意：1．词数100左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数;2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________Yours,LiHua的通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高一年级期末质量检测英语试卷2024年7月本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作

答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。Reagan,abooklover,lookedupfromhisreadingasthebellrangovertheentrancetothebookstore.Puzzled,hewatchedforaminutea

sDarya___1___towardthecounter(柜台)asiftoaskaquestion.Itdidn’tmakesensethatDarya,oneoftheschool’stopathletes,wasinabookstore.Notwant

ingtobenoticed,Reagan___2___foundanothervolumetoread.Hewouldn’tknowwhattosayifshetriedtostartaconversationbecausehethoughttheytwowere

toodifferenttohaveanythingto___3___.“Hey,Reagan.”Hergreeting___4___him,andhisbreathcaughtinhisthroatasitbecameapparentheha

dn’tescapedafterall.“Maybeyoucanhelpme.”Hedoubtedit,buthemanagedtochokeoutareply.“Me?”“I’mtryingto___5___abookonsoccerskills.Iwon’tbeabletogotocamp

overspringbreak,andIneedtoimprovemygamebeforethenextseasonbegins.”Reaganswallowed,thenmotionedrandomlywithhishandsbeforeh

efoundhisvoice.“Sure.Overhere.”Hethoughtitwouldsaveconfusionifhejust___6___thewayratherthantrytopointherintherightdirection.Asshefollowedhimt

hroughtheshelves,hedaredtoimaginetheymightnotbeso___7___afterall.Hefeltabriefflashofhope,thesunshiningsuddenlywhereallhadbeengray.___8___,oneofD

arya’steammatesappearedasifoutofnowhere,urginghertofinishanypurchases,ortheywouldbelateforpractice.Sighing,Reaganrealizednothinghadreallychanged

;thedifferenceswouldneverletthembreakdownthosebarriers,eveniftheysochose.Instead,sheturnedtoReaganwitha

___9___smile,“Thanksforyourhelp,andhey,maybewecouldplaysoccersometime?”Surprisedbutpleased,Reagan’sheartleaptattheunexpected____10___

_,asignthatperhapsthebarrierswerenotasinsurmountable(跨越)ashe’dthought.1.A.rushedB.walkedC.droveD.turned2.A.apparentlyB.obviouslyC

.quicklyD.finally3.A.talkaboutB.dealwithC.carryoutD.settlein4.A.inspiredB.remindedC.attackedD.surprised5.A.locateB.fi

gureC.gatherD.deliver6.A.controlledB.ledC.designedD.made7.A.particularB.uniqueC.differentD.determined8.A.LuckilyB.A

ctuallyC.SlowlyD.Immediately9.A.warmB.forcedC.crazyD.determined10.A.congratulationB.invitationC.electionD.fortune【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.D9.A10.B【

解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Reagan在书店遇到学校顶尖运动员Darya，并帮助她找到一本关于足球技巧的书的故事。在这个过程中，Reagan意识到他们之间的差异并不是不可逾越的，Darya的邀请让他感到惊喜，也让他看到了打破壁垒的希望。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句

意：他困惑地看着Darya走向柜台，Darya好像要问一个问题。A.rushed匆忙；B.walked走；C.drove驾驶；D.turned转身。根据下文“towardthecounter”可知，Darya走向柜台，表示她在书店里

走动，故选B。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Reagan不想被注意到，迅速找到了另一本书来读。A.apparently显然地；B.obviously明显地；C.quickly迅速地；D.finally最后。根据上文“Notwantingtobenot

iced”可知，Reagan不想被注意到，所以他迅速找到了另一本书来读，故选C。【3题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他不会知道该说什么，如果她试图开始一个对话，因为他认为他们两个太不同，没有什么可谈的。A.talkabout谈论；B.dealwith处理

；C.carryout执行；D.settlein适应（新工作、新学校等）。根据上文“hethoughttheytwoweretoodifferenttohaveanythingto”可知，Reagan认为他和

Darya太不同，没有什么可谈论的，故选A。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的问候让他感到惊讶，当他意识到自己终究没能逃脱时，他的呼吸卡在喉咙里。A.inspired激励；B.reminded提醒；C.attacked攻击；D.surprised使惊讶。根据下文“asitbecameappa

renthehadn’tescapedafterall”可知，Darya的问候让Reagan感到惊讶，因为他原以为自己逃脱了，没想到会被注意到，故选D。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在找一本关于足球技巧书。A.locate定位、找出……的准

确地点；B.figure的计算；C.gather收集；D.deliver递送。根据下文“abookonsoccerskills”可知，Darya在找一本关于足球技巧的书，所以需要找到这本书，故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析

。句意：他认为如果他自己带路，而不是试图指引她正确的方向，这样可以避免混淆。A.controlled控制；B.led带领；C.designed设计；D.made制造。根据下文“ratherthantrytopointhe

rintherightdirection”可知，Reagan决定亲自带路，而不是仅仅指引方向，故选B。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她跟着他穿过书架时，他敢想象他们可能并没有那么不同。A.particular

特别的；B.unique独特的；C.different不同的；D.determined坚定的。根据上文“becausehethoughttheytwoweretoodifferent”“hedaredtoimag

inetheymightnotbeso”以及下文“Hefeltabriefflashofhope”可知，Reagan开始意识到他和Darya可能并没有那么不同，故选C。【8题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：立刻，Darya的一个队友不知从哪里冒出来，催促她赶快

结账，否则他们会迟到练习。A.Luckily幸运地；B.Actually实际上；C.Slowly慢慢地；D.Immediately立刻。根据下文“oneofDarya’steammatesappearedasifoutofnowhere”可知，Darya的队友突然出现，催促她赶快结账

，所以是立刻出现的，故选D。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她转过身来，带着友好的微笑对Reagan说：“谢谢你的帮助，嘿，也许我们可以找个时间踢足球？”A.warm友好的、温暖的；B.forced勉强的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.det

ermined坚定的。根据下文“Thanksforyourhelp,andhey,maybewecouldplaysoccersometime?”可知，Darya带着友好的微笑感谢Reagan，并提出一

起踢足球的邀请，故选A。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Reagan感到惊讶但高兴，他的心因为意外的邀请而跳动，这是一个迹象，表明那些壁垒可能并不像他想象的那么不可逾越。A.congratulation祝贺；B.invitation邀请；C.election选举；D.for

tune财富。根据上文“Thanksforyourhelp,andhey,maybewecouldplaysoccersometime?”可知，此处说的是Darya的邀请，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文

内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Asafive-year-oldgirl,LinQiaozhiwasdeeplyaffectedbyhermother’sdeath.Atage18,insteadoff

ollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,she___11___(choose)tostudymedicine.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?___12__

_(find)agoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.Sheresponded,“I’d

ratherstayasingle___13___(study)allmylife!”【答案】11.chose12.Finding13.tostudy【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章简要讲述了著名医生林巧稚受到母亲的影响，没有选择走传统的婚姻道路，而是不顾哥哥的反对，选择

了学医的故事。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学医。根据“Atage18”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填chose。【12题详解】考查非谓语。句意：“为什么女孩要学这么多？”找到一个好丈夫应该是

她们的最终目标!。动名词做主语，首字母大写。故填Finding。【13题详解】考查非谓语。句意：我宁愿一辈子单身也要学习！。不定式作目的状语。故填tostudy。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Intheafternoon,IheadedtoalocalmuseumthatshowedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia.In1848,goldwasdiscover

ednearSanFrancisco,___14___startedagoldrush.Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseek___15___(they)for

tune,andSanFranciscoquicklybecameabigcity.ManyChinesearrivedduringthisperiod.___16___(earn)aliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurants___17___Ch

inatown.Manyothersfoundjobsonfarms,joinedthegoldrush,orwenttobuildtherailway.【答案】14.which15.their16.To17.in【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去了当地的博物馆，了解了加利福尼亚

州的历史变迁。【14题详解】考查定语从句。句意：1848年，在旧金山附近发现了黄金，开始了淘金热。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是整个主句指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which来引导。

故填which。【15题详解】考查物主代词。句意：超过30万人从世界各地来到这里寻求财富，旧金山迅速成为一个大城市。根据空格后的名词fortune可知，修饰名词应该用形容词性物主代词，所以空格处应该用提示词的形容词性物主代词th

eir作定语。故填their。【16题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。分析句意可知，此处应该用提示词的动词不定式形式作目的状语表示“为了谋生”。故填To。【17题详解】考查介词。句意：同上。根

据空格后的Chinatown可知，此处用介词in表示“在”唐人街。故填in。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Spaceexplorationhasalreadypromo

tedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.High-endproductsaroundtheworld___18___(make)toahigherstandardnowbecau

seofadvancedtechnology.Forexample,spacetechnologies___19___(help)theresearchanddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnewmat

erial.Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse.Today,space

technologiesare___20___(wide)usedinallkindsofindustries.【答案】18.aremade19.havehelped20.widely【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空探索对技术进步的推动作用，以及这些技术在各个行业的广

泛应用。【18题详解】考查被动语态。句意：由于先进的技术，世界各地的高端产品现在都以更高的标准制造。根据句意，高端产品是被制造出来的，所以应该使用被动语态。同时，根据上下文的时间状语“now”可知，此处应该使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填aremade。

【19题详解】考查时态。句意：例如，太空技术已经帮助研究和开发了不同类型的新材料。根据下文“Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse(他们也

帮助公司制造了更好的心脏监测器和其他医生经常使用的机器)”可知，太空技术对新材料的研究和开发起到了帮助作用，且这种帮助作用是从过去开始，一直延续到现在的，所以应该使用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用have。故填havehelped。【20题详解】考查副词。句意：今天，太空技术广泛

应用于各种行业。根据句意，此处需要一个副词作状语来修饰动词used，表示“广泛地”。故填widely。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABritishSc

ienceWeekishappeninginMarch.“Time”isthisyear’stheme.ThemovementofplanetEarthexplainswhywehavedifferen

tseasonsovertheyearandwhyweneedtimezones.Microsecondaccuracykeepsourcomputersystemstickingandhelpsglobalpositioningsatellitestoprovideuswithpr

eciselocationinformation.Infact,timeisverynecessaryforusandiskeytosomanySTEMdiscoveries.Theweekhopestoraiseawarenessan

dstimulateenthusiasmforSTEMsubjects.TherewillbelotsofeventsacrosstheUKandmanydifferentwaysforyoutoexpe

riencetime.AstronomicalTimeAtTheRoyalObservatoryinGreenwich,London,youcanexploretheoriginsoftellingthetime,andhowtime-tellinginstrumentshaveevolve

d.We’llalsofindoutwhatsolutionsinventorsandinnovatorsofthepastcameupwithtomeasuretime,helpsailorsatsea,and

standardizetime—ensuringpeopleinandacrosscommunitieswereusingthesameorsimilartime.MakingTimeTheMuseumofTimekeepingishometoafascinatingcollectiono

fclocks,watches,andtimepieces.Youcanhaveaguidedtourofthemuseumgalleriesandlistentosomeofthestoriesbehindtheartifacts.Youcansee

thewatchwornbyCaptainScottonhisill-fatedAntarcticexpeditionof1912andgettohearthevoiceofthefirstSpeaking

Clock(aphonenumberyoucouldcalltofindoutwhattimeitwas).PassingofTimeFormedoveronemillionyearsago,CheddarGorgeisBritain’sbigg

estgorge(deep,narrowvalley).Itis137metersdeepandthreemileslong.Itwascarvedbymeltwaterfloods,leavingbehind

mysteriouscaves.ThemostfamousisGough’sCave,whereBritain’soldestcompleteskeleton,knownastheCheddarMan,whichdatesbackover10,000yearsandwasdiscoveredin

1903.Youcanfocusonhowourancestorslivedandunderstandthepast.21.Wherecanyouexplorewhatmethodshavebeenproposedtom

easuretime?A.TheRoyalObservatory.B.GreenwichPark.C.MuseumofTimekeeping.D.CheddarGorge.22.WhatcanyoudiscoverattheMuseumofT

imekeeping?A.Instrumentsforseaexploration.B.Clocks,watches,andtimepieces.C.SomemusicaboutAntarcticexpedition.D.TheCheddar

Man’scollectionofartifacts.23.WhatisthesignificanceofCheddarGorge?A.Itisthedeepestgorgeintheworld.B.Ittellshowthecavesweredestroyed.C.Itshow

swherethemeltwaterfloodscamefrom.D.Itprovidesinsightintohowourancestorslived.24.WhatisthemainpurposeofBr

itishScienceWeek?A.ToprovidetoursattheMuseumofTimekeeping.B.Toexplorethehistoryoftimekeepinginstruments.C.Tohighlightthegeo

logicalhistoryofCheddarGorge.D.TopromoteSTEMsubjectsthrougheventsrelatedtothethemeof“Time.”【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.D【解析】【

导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国科学周的主题为“时间”，并介绍了一些相关的活动和地点，以及这些地点的特色和意义。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AtTheRoyalObservatory

inGreenwich,London,youcanexploretheoriginsoftellingthetime,andhowtime-tellinginstrumentshaveevolved.”（在伦敦的格林威治皇家天文台，

你可以探索计时的起源，以及计时工具是如何发展的。）可知，你可以在皇家天文台探索如何测量时间的方法，故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“TheMuseumofTimekeepingishomet

oafascinatingcollectionofclocks,watches,andtimepieces.”（时间博物馆收藏了许多引人入胜的钟表和计时器。）可知，你可以在时间博物馆发现钟表和计时器，故选B。【23题详解】细节

理解题。根据文章第四段“Youcanfocusonhowourancestorslivedandunderstandthepast.”（你可以关注我们的祖先是如何生活的，理解过去。）可知，切达峡谷能让我们了解我们祖先的生活

方式，故选D。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheweekhopestoraiseawarenessandstimulateenthusiasmforSTEMsubjects.”（这个星期希望提高人们对STEM科目的认识，激发他们对STEM科目的热情。）可知，英国科学周

的主要目的是通过与“时间”主题相关的活动来推广STEM科目，故选D。BItwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmall

townwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroutethroughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewass

mallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Hehes

itatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedh

imwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andleth

imdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊恼).Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedt

ofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichprevent

edhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtoth

ebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhim

longer—that’sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren

,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwaspr

oudofhisstrongdetermination.Davidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.Theracestarted.Therouteseemedlong,espec

iallyforachildwithabraindisease.Davidinsistedonrunningasifhehadforgottenallhisweaknesses.Hetrippedwithinth

efirstfewkilometersbutquicklypickedhimselfupandcontinued.Classmatescheered,“Comeon!Youcanmakeit!We’reproudofy

ou!”Toeveryone’sjoy,hereachedthefinishlineandranked20th.Itwasn’timportantwhetherhewonfirstplace.Itwashisbraveheartan

dstrongfaiththatmadesomethingunusualhappen.25.WhydidthecoachaskDavidtomakethedecision?A.Thecoachdidn’twantDavidtogetinjured.B.Thecoa

chthoughtDavidwastooweaktorun.C.ThecoachfearedDavidwouldbemadefunof.D.ThecoachbelievedDavidshouldfocusonhisstudies

.26.HowdidDavid’sclassmatesviewhimatschool?A.Theyfeltsorryforhim.B.Theysawhimasanormalkid.C.Theyoftenpl

ayedtricksonhim.D.Theypreventedhimfromactivities.27.WhatcanwelearnfromDavid’sstory?A.Hewonfirstplacewithother’shelp.B

.Hewasthemostmodestamongallthechildren.C.Hisbehavorsprovedhisheartdiseasewasaproblem.D.Hisdeterminationandfaithmadetheachieveme

ntspecial.【答案】25.C26.B27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了患有脑疾的大卫参加越野跑比赛的故事。尽管大卫的身体状况不佳，但他的决心和信念使他完成了比赛，赢得了同学们的尊重和赞扬。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““

Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide.”(他不

舒服地解释说：“我担心其他学校的孩子会嘲笑他。我给了他选择是否跑步的机会，让他自己决定)”可知，教练让大卫自己做决定是因为他担心大卫会受到其他孩子的嘲笑，故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Davidhadabrain

diseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.(大卫患有脑疾，这使他无法像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校，他的

同学们把他当作一个普通的孩子)”可知，大卫的同学们在学校把他看作一个正常的孩子，故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itwasn’timportantwhetherhewonfirstplace.Itwashisbravehearta

ndstrongfaiththatmadesomethingunusualhappen.(他是否赢得第一名并不重要。是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念让一些不寻常的事情发生了)”可知，大卫的决心和信念使他的成就变得特别，故选D。CSpaceexp

lorationhasproducedvaluableinsightsaboutEarth,thesolarsystemandbeyond.However,massivespaceactivityoverthepastfewdecadeshasledtounintendedorbitald

ebris(残骸).Everylaunchofsatellitesorrocketsaddstotheproblem,increasingtheriskthatnegativelyinfluencesnot

onlyspacemissionsbutalsofutureendeavors.Sincethe1957launchofSputnik-1,humanactivityinEarth’sorbithascausedsignificantdistort

ionsinspace,raisingseriousconcernsaboutthedebrisleftbehind.Thisever-increasingthreatcanbebestunderstoodthroughtheKessle

rsyndromeinspace.ThisphenomenonoccurswhenobjectsinlowEarthorbit(LEO)becomesocrowdedthattheybegintohiteachothe

r,creatingmoredebrisandmorecollisions(碰撞),thusresultinginchainreactionsofmergersandfissions.ManyexpertswarnthatLEOismovi

ngtowardsKessler’ssyndrome.Accidentalcollisionsinspacealsoincreasetheorbitaloverload,suchasthe2009collisionbetweentwosatellites,Kosmos225

1andIridium33.Sucheventshaveworsenedtheorbitaldebrisproblemandraisedtheprospectofdisastrousspaceconditions

.Theneedforsustainablespaceactivitiesandthereductionofspacedebrisisbeingemphasizedgloballytoaddresstherisingspacepollution.Therefore,governmentshav

eissuedmanyregulatorymeasures,includingactivedebrisremoval(ADR)technologiesorpollutionprevention,whichareeitherplanned,tested,oralreadycarriedoutto

protectbothexistingspacecraftandonessettobelaunched.Besidesregulatorymeasures,severalmitigatingmethodsarealsousedtoreducetheor

bitaloverload.OnesuchmethodinvolvescausingasatellitetobreakdownnaturallybybringingitclosertoEarth’ssur

facesoitburnsupintheatmosphere.Thismethodisconsideredcost-effectivebecausethedefunctsatellitecanbepushedtowardthe

Earth’ssurfaceataloweraltitudeusingaphysicaltoollikeanetoranair-burstingtool.Anothersimilartechnologyusesa

harpoonthatisfiredinthedirectionofthetargetedspacecrafttocaptureitanddirectittowardsEarthinanactivemanner,

causingthedebristodeorbitandplanatmosphericincineration.Toreducethelong-termriskofcollisions,thefocusneedstobeonreducingtheamountofdebrisint

heorbit.Internationalcooperationandcontinuedinvestmentindebrisreductiontechnologiesarecarriedouttoreducethepotentiallydisastrousconsequencesofa

novercrowdedorbit.28.Whatistheparimaryconcernregardingorbitaldebris?A.Itsimpactonweatherpatterns.B.Itsimpacto

nfuturespacemissions.C.Itsimpactonsatellitecommunication.D.Itsimpactonnaturalatmosphericprocesses.29.Whatdoestheunderli

nedword“mitigating”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Lessening.B.Worsening.C.Curing.D.Strengthening.30.Whataresomeregulatoryandmitigatio

nmeasurestoaddressspacedebris?A.Frequentsatellitelaunches.B.Morespacetourismfortax.C.Activedebrisremovaltechnologies.D.Morespace

telescopesformonitoring.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Therearenoexistingmethodstoreducespacedebris.B.Reducingspacedebriscallsforjointandfu

rtherefforts.C.Thekesslersyndromeisaminorconcernforspacemissions.D.Activedebrisremoval(ADR)technologiesare

theonlysolutiontospacedebris.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了太空活动产生的轨道碎片问题，以及如何通过各种方法和技术来减少和处理这些碎片

。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Everylaunchofsatellitesorrocketsaddstotheproblem,increasingtheriskthatnegativelyinfluencesnotonlyspacemissions

butalsofutureendeavors.”（每次卫星或火箭的发射都会加剧这个问题，增加的风险不仅影响太空任务，也影响未来的努力。）可推知轨道碎片的主要问题是对未来太空任务的影响。故选B。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第

六段“OnesuchmethodinvolvescausingasatellitetobreakdownnaturallybybringingitclosertoEarth’ssurfacesoitburnsupintheatmosphere.”（其中一种方法是通过使卫星更接近

地球表面，使其在大气中燃烧，从而使卫星自然解体。）“Anothersimilartechnologyusesaharpoonthatisfiredinthedirectionofthetargetedspacecrafttoca

ptureitanddirectittowardsEarthinanactivemanner,causingthedebristodeorbitandplanatmosphericincineration.”（另一种类似的技术是使用一个鱼叉向

目标航天器的方向发射，以捕获它，并以主动的方式将其引导到地球上，使碎片脱离轨道，并计划在大气中焚烧。）可知，除了监管措施外，还使用了几种减轻的方法来减少轨道过载。“mitigating”在这里的意思是减轻。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Therefore,gove

rnmentshaveissuedmanyregulatorymeasures,includingactivedebrisremoval(ADR)technologiesorpollutionprevention,whichareeitherplanned,tested,

oralreadycarriedouttoprotectbothexistingspacecraftandonessettobelaunched.”（因此，各国政府已经出台了许多监管措施，包括主动清除碎片（ADR）技术或污染预防，这些措施已经被计划、测试或已经实施，以保护现有的航天器和即将

发射的航天器。）可推知，处理太空碎片的措施包括主动清除碎片技术。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Toreducethelong-termriskofcollisions,thefocusneedstobeonreducin

gtheamountofdebrisintheorbit.Internationalcooperationandcontinuedinvestmentindebrisreductiontechnologiesarecarrie

douttoreducethepotentiallydisastrousconsequencesofanovercrowdedorbit.”（为了减少长期碰撞的风险，需要关注减少轨道上的碎片数量。进行国际合作并持续投资于减少碎片的技术

，以减少轨道过度拥挤可能带来的灾难性后果。）可推知，减少太空碎片需要共同和进一步的努力。故选B。DAninternationalteamoffossil(化石)huntershasdiscoveredth

eremainsofa“nursery”ofprehistoricseacreaturesinChina.Thefossilsdatebacktoaround518millionyearsago—atimeknownastheCambrianPeriod,whenalllifeonEa

rthlivedintheoceans.ItisveryraretofindsomanyfossilsfromtheCambrianPeriodinoneplace.Thescientists,ledbyXianfengYangfromYunnanUniversity,found2,846f

ossilsfrom118differentspeciesatthesite,nearthecityofKunming.Theyincludeancientancestorsofmodern-dayinsects,shellfishandworms,aswellasext

incttrilobites(三叶虫).Seventeenofthespeciesdiscoveredarenewtoscience,andmorethanhalfofthefossilsareyounganimals.Th

ishasledresearcherstotheconclusionthatthesitewasasortofdeep-seanurserywhereconditionswerewellsuitedforyoungcreaturestogrow.Whentheseabe

dwascoveredbysoftmud(泥)thesecreatures’remainswereperfectlypreserved,eventuallycreatingalayeroffossil-richrock.Alongsidehardbodypa

rts,likebonesandteeth,softtissuewasalsopreserved,whichisespeciallyimportantwhenlookingbacktoaperiodwhenmostanimalshadsoftbodies.Someofthe

fossilsaresowellpreservedthatresearchershavebeenabletospotbodypartsthey’veneverseenbefore.Onebenefitofalltheyoungcreaturesfossilsi

sthatscientistswillbeabletolearnhowthecreatureschangedastheyaged.“We’llseehowdifferentbodypartsgrewovertime,”exp

lainedresearcherJulienKimmig,fromPennStateUniversityintheUS,“whichissomethingwecurrentlydonotknowaboutformostofthesegroups.”What’smore,Kimmigand

hiscolleagueswillbeabletocomparethecreatureswithlivingthingstoday.“Wewillseeifhowtheseanimalsdeveloptodayissimilartohowtheydeveloped500mil

lionyearsago,orifsomethinghaschangedthroughouttime.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefossilsfound?A.Halfofthemare

extinctseacreatures.B.Theyarespreadoutoverdifferentsites.C.Someofthemarepreviouslyunknownspecies.D.Theybelong

torareanimalslivingintheoceans.33.Whatkeptthecreatures’remainsfrombeingdamaged?A.Theywereprotectedinrocks.B.They

wereburiedinthedeepsea.C.Theseafloorwascoatedwithmud.D.Theseabedwasingoodcondition.34.Whatdoscientistswanttolearnfromthefossils?A.T

hecreatures’age.B.Changesinthecreatures’growth.C.Similaritiesbetweenthesespeciesgroups.D.Thecreatures’impactonliving

thingstoday.【答案】32.C33.D34.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个国际化石猎人小组在中国发现了一个史前海洋生物“托儿所”的遗迹。这些化石可以追溯到大约5.18亿年前——一个被称为寒武纪的时期，当时地球上所有的生命都生活在海洋中。在一个地

方发现这么多寒武纪的化石是非常罕见的。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Seventeenofthespeciesdiscoveredarenewtoscience,andmorethanhalfofthefossilsareyounganimals.(发现的物种中有17个是科学上的新物种，超

过一半的化石是年轻的动物)”可知，发现的化石中一些是以前不为人知的物种。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whentheseabedwascoveredbysoftmud(泥)thesecreatures’remainswereperfect

lypreserved,eventuallycreatingalayeroffossil-richrock.(当海床被软泥覆盖时，这些生物的遗骸被完好地保存了下来，最终形成了一层富含化石的岩石)”可知，海床状况良好让这些生物

的遗骸不被破坏。故选D。34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Onebenefitofalltheyoungcreaturesfossilsisthatscientistswillbeabletolearnh

owthecreatureschangedastheyaged.(所有这些年轻生物化石的一个好处是，科学家将能够了解这些生物随着年龄的增长是如何变化的)”可知，科学家们想从这些化石中了解生物生长的变化。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共1

0分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultureshockisthefeelingofuncertainty,confusion,oranxietythatpeoplemaygetwhentheyliveinor

visitanothercountrythatdiffersfromtheirown.______35______Itcanundoubtedlyaffectpeople’slives.Thefollowingaresomewaystodealwithcultureshock.Havea

goodunderstandingofcultureandcultureshock.Therearemanyfactorsthatmakeupaculture,includingsharedbeliefs,traditionsandmorals.______36______It’sbeca

usetheyaresurroundedbypeoplewiththesamebeliefsandvalues,andculturaldifferencesareonlyclearwhenyoumeetsomeoneelse’sculture.Keepajournal(日记)

ofyourthoughts._____37_____Andyouarefeelingabitoverwhelmed(不知所措的)withtheculturethere.Ratherthangivingin

toyouranxiety,writeitout.Writedownhowyoufeltatthemomentandwhattroubledyouormadeyouhappythatday.Youcanalsoputsomethingdownifyou’remissingany

onefromyourhometown.______38______Don’tallowyourselftobecomearecluse(隐居者)duringthisexperience.Youcansh

areyourfeelingsandexperienceswithyourrelativesandfriends.Ifyouarestudyingabroadandhaveotherclassmate

swhohavesimilarfeelings,connectwiththemaswellaswiththosewhoareadjustingabitmoreeasily.【Dosomethingsyouusuallylike.Don’tallowthecul

tureshocktooccupyyourmind.Andtrytodosomethinginterestingtoreplacearangeofnegativeemotions,includinganxiety,sadness,anger,homesickness,andso

metimesevendepression._____39_____Orpracticeyourhobbieslikereadinganddancing.A.Shareyourculture.B.Talktoothersaboutyourexperiences.C.Tr

ytostepoutsideofyourownculture.D.Sometimessuchafeelingcanbeverystrong.E.Youcanwatchmoviesorlistentomusicthatyouenjoy.F.M

anypeopledon’trealizehowcultureinfluencesthem.G.Perhapsyouhaverecentlymovedtoanewcityorcountry.【答案】35.D36.F37.G38.B39.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要

讲述了四种应对文化冲击带来的影响的方法，帮助人们克服或者缓解文化冲击带来的不适和感受。【35题详解】根据前句“Cultureshockisthefeelingofuncertainty,confusion,oranxiety”（文化冲击

是一种不确定、困惑或焦虑的感觉。）前文提出来文化冲击这个概念，这个空应该也是关于文化冲击带来的感觉，D项“Sometimessuchafeelingcanbeverystrong.”其中afeeling与前文feeling相呼应。故选D项。【36题详解】根据后句“It'sbecausetheya

resurroundedbypeoplewiththesamebeliefsandvalues，andculturaldifferencesareonlyclearwhenyoumeetsomeoneelse’sculture.”（这是

因为他们周围的人都有相同的信仰和价值观，只有当你遇到别人的文化时，文化差异才会明显。）可知，F项“Manypeopledon’trealizehowcultureinfluencesthem.”其中culture与后句中culturaldifferences形成呼应结构，符合本段语境。故选F项。【

37题详解】根据下文“Youcanalsoputsomethingdownifyou'remissinganyonefromyourhometown”（意思是如果你想念家乡的人，你也可以写下一些东西。）可知，这段

话是在介绍远离故乡在外的时候的情况。G项“Perhapsyouhaverecentlymovedtoanewcityorcountry.”其中movedtoanewcityorcountry与后句中missinganyonefromyourhometown相呼应，表示关于远离故乡，离开故乡

的事情。故选G项。【38题详解】根据下文“Youcanshareyourfeelingsandexperienceswithyourrelativesandfriends”（你可以和你的亲戚朋友分享你的感受和经历。）可知，B项“Talktoothersaboutyou

rexperiences.”中experiences与后文中feelingsandexperiences形成呼应结构，符合本段语境，因此这个空作为这段话的主题句，说和别人谈论你的经历。故选B项。【39题详解】根据上文“Dosome

thingsyouusuallylike”（做一些你平时喜欢做的事情。）可知E项“Youcanwatchmoviesorlistentomusicthatyouenjoy.”其中youenjoy与前文youusuallylike相呼应，表示听一些你喜欢

听的音乐或者看你喜欢看的电影。故选E项。【点睛】第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分)根据中文和给出的英文提示词语，完成下列英文句子。将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。40.唐人街是多元文化的一个重要组成部分。(Chinatowns

,diverseculture)(汉译英)_______________________________________________________________________________

_____________【答案】Chinatownsareanimportantpartofdiverseculture.【解析】【详解】考查句子结构和时态。根据汉语提示可知，本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时，句子为主系表结构。唐人街为Chinatowns，是为are，多元文化的一个重要组成部分为a

nimportantpartofdiverseculture。故翻译为：Chinatownsareanimportantpartofdiverseculture.41.在那时候，来自中国移民定居在这个地区。（immigrants,settle）（汉译英）_______

_____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Inthosedays,theimmigra

ntsfromChinasettledinthearea.【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和名词。表示“移民”应用名词immigrant，此处表复数概念，用复数形式；表示“定居”应用动词settle；表示“在这个地区”介词短语为inthearea作地点状语；表示“在那时候”

应用介词短语inthosedays作时间状语；表示“来自中国”应用介词短语fromChina作后置定语。根据时间状语“在那时候”可知，动词应使用一般过去时settled。故翻译为：Inthosedays,theimmigrantsfromChinaset

tledinthearea。42.作为医生，我们必须对患者负责。(responsible,patients)(汉译英)__________________________________________

__________________________________________________【答案】Asdoctors,wemustberesponsibleforourpatients.【解析】【详解】考查形容词、情

态动词、固定短语。“作为医生”可表述为“Asdoctors”；“必须”用情态动词的must，后跟动词原形；“对……负责”短语为“beresponsiblefor”；“患者”是“patients”。整体翻译为：Asdoctors,wemustbe

responsibleforourpatients.43.工作了几年之后，林医生被派往欧洲学习。(send,Europe)(汉译英)______________________________________

______________________________________________________【答案】Afterworkingforseveralyears,Dr.LinwassenttoE

uropetostudy.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。“工作了几年之后”可翻译为“Afterworkingforseveralyears”，其中After是介词，其后接动名词作宾语；“被派往欧洲”可翻译为“besenttoEur

ope”，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语是Dr.Lin，be动词用was；“学习”用动词study，“被派往欧洲学习”翻译为wassenttoEuropetostudy。整体翻译为“Afterworkingforseveralyears,Dr.LinwassenttoEuropetost

udy.”44.太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。(explorespace,benefits)(汉译英)_______________________________________________________________________

_____________________【答案】Exploringspacehasbroughtvariousbenefitstotheworld.【解析】分析】【详解】考查动词短语、名词、时态。表示“太空探索”应用动词短语explorespace；表

示“种种好处”应用名词短语variousbenefits；表示“给世界带来”应用动词短语bringtotheworld，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时。因此，整句

话翻译为Exploringspacehasbroughtvariousbenefitstotheworld。【点睛】45.在此之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦。(travellingintospace

,impossibledream)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Beforethat,mostpeoplethought

thattravellingintospacewasanimpossibledream.【解析】【详解】考查从句、时态和非谓语。根据汉语提示可知，本句在陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时。“在此之前”为介词短语“Beforethat”，“大部分人

认为”为“mostpeoplethoughtthat”，其中that引导宾语从句，“在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦”为“travellingintospacewasanimpossibledream.”，动名词作主语。故翻译为：Beforethat,mostpeoplethoughtthattrav

ellingintospacewasanimpossibledream.第二节(20分)46.假设你是红星中学李华，你的英国朋友Jim暑期想要来中国旅游，了解中国少数民族文化。请你给他写【一封电子邮件，帮他推荐一座城市，内容包括：1．你的建议及理由;2．你祝愿。注意：1．词数10

0左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数;2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,I’mthrilledtohearaboutyourupcomingvisittoChin

aandyourinterestinexploringourrichethnicdiversity.I’dhighlyrecommendyoutovisitGuilin,acitynotonlyfamousforitsbreathtakinglandscapesbut

alsoforitsvibrantMiaoandZhuangcultures.TheLongjiRiceTerracesofferastunningviewwhilegivinginsightsintotheagriculturalpractices

ofthesecommunities.Additionally,attendingalocalfestival,suchastheMiaoNewYear,willimmerseyouintraditionalmusic,dance,andcuisine.Wishingyouanunforg

ettablejourneyfilledwithdiscoveryandjoy.MaythistripenrichyourunderstandingofChinesecultureandleaveyouwithcherishedmemories.Lookin

gforwardtohearingallaboutyouradventureswhenyoureturn.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim写一封电子邮件，推荐一座能体现少数民族文化的城市。【详解】1.词汇积累的多样性：di

versity→variety建议：recommend→advise生气勃勃的：vibrant→lively令人震惊的：stunning→shocking2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’dhighlyrecommendyoutovisitGuilin,acitynot

onlyfamousforitsbreathtakinglandscapesbutalsoforitsvibrantMiaoandZhuangcultures.拓展句：I’dhighlyrecommendyoutovisitGuilin,whichisnotonlyfamous

foritsbreathtakinglandscapesbutalsoforitsvibrantMiaoandZhuangcultures.【点睛】【高分句型1】TheLongjiRiceTerracesofferastunningviewwhilegivinginsights

intotheagriculturalpracticesofthesecommunities.（运用了状语从句的省略结构）【高分句型2】Additionally,attendingalocalfestival,suchastheMiaoNewYear,willimmerseyouintra

ditionalmusic,dance,andcuisine.（运用了动名词作主语）