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七校联合体2021届高三第一次联考试卷（8月）英语科目本试卷共6页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。说明：1.请注意在对应的题号上填涂答题卡，误涂或错涂不得分；2.请注意在对应的答题卷上作答，误填或错填不得分。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满

分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt'ssurprisinghowmuchsimplemovementsofthebodycanaffectthewaywethink.Usingexpansivegestureswi

thopenarmsmakesusfeelmorepowerful,crossingyourarmsmakesyoumoredeterminedandlyingdowncanbringmoreinsights(领悟).Soi

fmovingthebodycanhavetheseeffects,whatabouttheclotheswewear?We'reallwellawareofhowdressingupindifferentwayscanmakeusfeelmoreattra

ctive,sportyorprofessional,dependingontheclotheswewear,butcantheclothesactuallychangecognitive(认知的)performanceorisitjustafeeling?Adaman

dGalinskytestedtheeffectofsimplywearingawhitelabcoatonpeople'spowersofattention.Theideaisthatwhitecoatsareassociatedwith

scientists,whoareinturnthoughttohavecloseattentiontodetail.Whattheyfoundwasthatpeoplewearingwhitecoatsperformedbetterthanthosewhoweren't.Ind

eed,theymadeonlyhalfasmanyerrorsasthosewearingtheirownclothesontheStroopTest(onewayofmeasuringattention).Theresearcherscallthee

ffect''enclothedcognition'',suggestingthatallmannerofdifferentclothesprobablyaffectourcognitioninmanydifferentways.Thisopensthewayforalls

ortsofclothes-basedexperiments.Isthewriterwhowearsafedoramorecreative?Isthepsychologistwearinglittleroun

dglassesandsmokingacigarmoreinsightful?Doesachef'shatmaketheresultantfoodtastebetter?FromnowonIwillonly

beeditingarticlesforPsyBlogwhilewearingawhitecoattohelpkeepthetypingerrorcountlow.HopefullyyouwillbedoingyourpartbyreadingPsyBlogi

nacapandgown(学位服).1.AdamandGalinsky'sexperimenttestedtheeffectofclothesontheirwearers'___________.A.insightsB.at

tentionC.movementsD.appearance2.Howdoestheauthorsoundinthelastparagraph?A.Humorous.B.Academic.C.Formal.D.Hopeful.3.Whatisthemainideaof

thetext?A.Bodymovementschangethewaypeoplethink.B.Howpeopledresshasaninfluenceontheirfeelings.C.Peopledoin

gdifferentjobsshouldweardifferentclothes.D.Whatpeoplewearcanaffecttheircognitiveperformance.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了Adam和Galinsky所做的一个关于穿

着白大褂人们注意力的实验。实验显示，穿白大褂的人表现更为出色，他们的错误率是穿普通衣服的人的一半。最终得出结论：着装影响人的认知表现。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的AdamandGalinskytestedtheeffectofsimp

lywearingawhitelabcoatonpeople'spowersofattention.(Adam和Galinsky测试了简单地穿着白大褂对人们注意力的影响)及第四段Indeed,theymadeonlyhalfasmanyerrorsasthosewearingtheirown

clothesontheStroopTest(onewayofmeasuringattention).(事实上，他们犯的错误只有那些穿着自己衣服的人的一半（一种测量注意力的方法）。)可知，Adam和Galinsky的实验是测试着装对人们注意力的影响。B.attention

(注意力)符合以上说法，故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段FromnowonIwillonlybeeditingarticlesforPsyBlogwhilewearingawhitecoattohelp

keepthetypingerrorcountlow.HopefullyyouwillbedoingyourpartbyreadingPsyBloginacapandgown(学位服).可知，作者在讲述着装影响人的认知表现这一理论后说自己以后要穿白大褂上班编辑文章，

以减少打字错误。他希望读者也能带上学士帽、穿上学位服阅读PsyBlog的文章。由此推断，作者是用一种幽默的语气调侃着装认知理论。A.Humorous.(幽默的)符合以上说法，故选A项。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的butcantheclothesact

uallychangecognitiveperformanceorisitjustafeeling(但是，衣服真的能改变认知表现吗?还是只是一种感觉)及下文所做的实验可知，本文主要讲述着装对人认知表现的影

响。D.Whatpeoplewearcanaffecttheircognitiveperformance.(着装对人认知表现的影响)符合以上说法，故选D项。BMymotheralwayssaid,"Youyoungmenshouldexpl

oreyourowncountrybeforesteppingoutintotheworld."Itseemedlikeatoughtask.Butluckilyforme,ViaRailCanadaofferedyouthsbetweentheagesof18and25thechan

cetoridethetrainacrossCanadaforthemonthofJulyin2017.Ijumpedattheopportunityandsecuredaninexpensiveticket

.ExcitementwasatitspeakasIapproachedthetrainstationonthemorningwhenmy22-dayadventurewastobegin.Ijumpedonboardthepass

engervessel(车厢)likeitwasthetraintoHogwartsinHarryPotter.Thetrainheadedwestinsearchofourfirstdestination—thescenictownof

Banff,Alberta.Afterjustanhouronthetrain,desperationalreadycameonme.Thethoughtofthreefulldaysonthosetracksbrokemyspirits.AsIgazedouttowardsLake

Superior'sglistening(闪闪发亮)waves,IdecidedifIwastobestuckinhere,Iwouldneedtoenjoymytime.Thosethreedaysturne

dintoasummercamponrails.Realfriendshipswiththecrewwerebornwithinthattrain.Stopsweremadeinsmall,remoterailr

oadvillages.Alargegroupofstrangersturnedtravellingcompanionswouldrushtowardsthevillagestorewardourendlesspatiencewithlocalcuisine.Atnight,wewouldw

alktotheglass-domed(玻璃穹顶)traincar,whichgaveascenicviewofthenightsky,untouchedbylightpollution.Afterthre

edays,wearrivedinBanff.BeforemyadventureoftakingthetrainacrossCanada,ifIcouldhaveskippedthetravelandarrivedatthedestination,Iwouldhave.Butthati

snolongertrue.I'velearnedthatthejourneycanbemoreenjoyablethanthedestination.4.Whatmadetheauthor'straintripp

ossible?A.Theattractionofthesplendidscenery.B.Atime-limitedticketofferforyouths.C.Theencouragementfromhismother.D.Hisdeterminatio

ntofacethetoughtasks.5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthorasayoungman?A.Considerate.B.Determined.C.Smart.D.Adaptable.6.Whatha

stheauthorlearnedfromhisadventure?A.Toenjoytravellingonhisown.B.Toskiptothefinaldestination.C.Toexploremoreintheprocess.D.Tobecontentwithtrai

nservice.【答案】4.B5.D6.C【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者的旅行经历，作者的心态从盼望快速到达目的地转变为关注旅途中的快乐。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的Butluckilyforme,ViaRailCanadaofferedyouthsbetw

eentheagesof18and25thechancetoridethetrainacrossCanadaforthemonthofJulyin2017.Ijumpedattheopportunityandsecuredaninexpensiveticket.(但我很幸运，加拿大的ViaRai

l为18到25岁的青年提供在2017年穿越加拿大的火车旅行。我听到这个机会很高兴，并且获得了一张便宜的车票)可知，加拿大ViaRail为年轻人提供的限时低价车票让作者穿越加拿大的旅行成为可能。B.Atime-limitedti

cketofferforyouths.(一张为青年人提供的限时车票)符合以上说法，故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的AsIgazedouttowardsLakeSuperior'sglistening(闪闪发亮)waves,IdecidedifIwastobestuckinher

e,Iwouldneedtoenjoymytime.(当我凝视苏必利尔湖畔闪闪发光的海浪时，我决定如果要呆在这里，我需要享受我的时间。)和第三段中的Thosethreedaysturnedintoasummercamponrails.Real

friendshipswiththecrewwerebornwithinthattrain.(那三天变成了铁轨上的夏令营。与乘务员的真正友谊源于那列火车。)可知，作者想办法度过在火车上的时间，使自己充满快乐。由此推测作者的适应性强。D.Adapta

ble.(有适应能力的)符合以上推测，故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的I'velearnedthatthejourneycanbemoreenjoyablethanthedestination.(我

明白了关注旅途中的快乐比盼望到达目的地更有趣。)可知，作者明白了要在旅行中去探索更多的快乐。C.Toexploremoreintheprocess.(要在过程中探索更多的快乐)符合以上说法，故选D项。CLifeexpectancyinthe

UnitedStateshasbeenindeclineforthefirsttimeindecades,andpublichealthofficialshaveidentifiedaseriesofpotentialcauses,includingina

ccessiblehealthcare,risingdrugaddictionandratesofmentalhealthdisorders,andsocio-economicfactors.Now,astudyledbytheYaleSchoolofMedicinehasatt

emptedtofindouttherelativeimpactoftwofactorsmostoftenlinkedtolifeexpectancy–raceandeducation–bylookingatdataabout5,114blackandwhi

teparticipantsinfourU.S.cities.Thelivesanddeathsamongthisgroupofpeople–whotookpartinthestudyapproximately30y

earsagowhentheywereintheirearly20s–showthatthelevelofeducation,andnotrace,isthebestpredictorofwhowilllivethelongest.Among

the5,114peoplefollowedinthestudy,395haddied.Thesedeathswereoccurringinworking-agepeople,oftenwithchildren,beforetheageof60.T

heratesofdeathamongparticipantsinthisgroupdidclearlyshowracialdifferences,withapproximately9%ofblacksdyingatanearlyagecomparedto6%ofwhites.Therewe

realsodifferencesincausesofdeathbyrace.Forinstance,blackmenweresignificantlymorelikelytodieofmurderandwhitem

enfromAIDS.Themostcommoncausesofdeathacrossallgroupsovertimewerecardiovasculardiseaseandcancer.Buttherewerealsoobviousdifferencesinr

atesofdeathbyeducationlevel.Approximately13%ofparticipantswithahighschooldegreeorlesseducationdiedcompar

edwithonlyapproximately5%ofcollegegraduates.Strikingly,whenlookingatraceandeducationatthesametime,theresearcher

sfoundthatdifferencesrelatedtoracealmostdisappeared:13.5%ofblacksubjectsand13.2%ofwhitesubjectswithahighschooldegreeor

lessdiedduringthecourseofthestudy.Bycontrast,5.9%ofblacksubjectsand4.3%ofwhiteswithcollegedegreeshaddied.Therefore,improvingoverallqu

alityofeducationissomethingtangiblethatcanhelpreverse(扭转)thistroublingtrendinreductionoflifeexpectancyamongmiddle-agedadults.7.W

hatcanwelearnabouttheparticipantsinthestudy?A.Thewhitesaremoreaggressive.B.Thewhitesgothighereducation.C.Moreblacksthanwhitesdiedyoung.D.Morewh

itesthanblacksdiedofcancer.8.Comparedwitheducation,theinfluenceofraceondeathratesis.A.significantB.unnot

iceableC.growingD.long-lasting9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tangible”probablymean?A.Realistic.B.Creative.C.Challenging.D.Tempor

ary.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheresearchfindings？A.Peoplecangetsmartthroughlearning.B.Oneshouldnotdiscriminateotherraces.C.Peopled

on’tenjoyequalrightsforeducation.D.Onecanlivelongerbygettingmoreeducation.【答案】7.C8.B9.A10.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。研究表明教育水平，而不是种

族，是预测谁会活得最久的最好指标。提高整体教育质量能够帮助扭转令人担忧的中年人预期寿命下降的趋势。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Theratesofdeathamongparticipantsinthi

sgroupdidclearlyshowracialdifferences,withapproximately9%ofblacksdyingatanearlyagecomparedto6%ofwhites.这一组参与者的

死亡率确实清楚地显示了种族差异，大约9%的黑人在早期死亡，而白人的死亡率为6%，由此可知年轻时死亡的黑人比白人多，故选C。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Thelivesanddeathsamongthisgroupofpeople……showthattheleve

lofeducation,andnotrace,isthebestpredictorofwhowilllivethelongest.最后一段Therefore,improvingoverallqualityofeducationissomethingt

angiblethatcanhelpreverse(扭转)thistroublingtrendinreductionoflifeexpectancyamongmiddle-agedadults.和文中的数据比较可知研究表明教育水平，而不是种族，是预测谁会活得最久的最好指标。提高整体教育质量能够

帮助扭转令人担忧的中年人预期寿命下降的趋势。所以相对于教育对寿命的影响来说，种族的因素是不明显的。故选B。【9题详解】猜测词义题。根据上文内容可知，教育水平是预测谁会活得最久的最好指标。根据句中improvingoverallqualityofeducation和canhe

lpreverse(扭转)thistroublingtrendinreductionoflifeexpectancyamongmiddle-agedadults.可知全面提高教育质量能够帮助扭转令人担忧的中年人预期寿命下降的

趋势，也就是说全面提高教育质量是“具体的，切实的”的措施。tangible和realistic同义，故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段13.5%ofblacksubjectsand13.2%ofwhitesubjectswithahigh

schooldegreeorlessdiedduringthecourseofthestudy.Bycontrast,5.9%ofblacksubjectsand4.3%ofwhiteswithcollegedegreeshaddied.和文章内

容可知教育水平是预测谁会活得最久的最好指标。由此推知一个人可以通过接受更多的教育而活得更久，故选D。【点睛】细节理解题需要我们认真读文，从文章中找到正确的依据，然后比较分析答案。比如第1小题，根据第三段Forinstance,blackmenweresignificantly

morelikelytodieofmurderandwhitemenfromAIDS.可知黑人男性死于谋杀的可能性明显高于白人男性死于艾滋病的可能性，A项Thewhitesaremoreaggressive.表达错误。根据Them

ostcommoncausesofdeathacrossallgroupsovertimewerecardiovasculardiseaseandcancer.可知所有人群最常见的死亡原因是心血管疾病和癌症。并没有说白人比黑人多，D项Morewhitesth

anblacksdiedofcancer.错误。B项文中没有涉及。根据Theratesofdeathamongparticipantsinthisgroupdidclearlyshowracialdifferences,withapproxim

ately9%ofblacksdyingatanearlyagecomparedto6%ofwhites.这一组参与者的死亡率确实清楚地显示了种族差异，大约9%的黑人在早期死亡，而白人的死亡率为6%，由此可知年轻时死亡的黑人比白人多，C项正确。第二节（共5小题；

每小题2分,满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethe

bestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.___11___Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmone

ywellspent?___12___Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addin

gtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlev

el,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalind

ividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamre

quiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.___13___Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhen

taskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffe

ctsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hema

ytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam’sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftent

old,“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”___14___Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-wa

r(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.___15___AnA-teammayrequireabalance--notju

stAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It’snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.Sportsteamownersspendmi

llionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.C.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers’attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprinci

pleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebest

talent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.【答案】11.B12.E13.G14.D15.F【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单

地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。【11题详解】上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百

万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。【12题详解】下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。【13题详解】上文说“

为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。【14题详解】上文说了“

一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。【15题详解】下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多

。”切题，故选F。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Itwaslate,about10:15p.m.,

whenJaniceEspositoarrivedattheBellporttrainstation;shejumpedintoherHondaOdysseyandbeganthe20-minutedrivehometoherhusba

ndandseven-year-oldson.She’djustreturnedfromvisitinghermotherandhadtraveledtheroutemanytimesbefore.Shepractic

ally___16___onautopilot:aleftontoStationRoad,thenaleftonMontaukHighway,andthen—wham!OutofnowhereacarT-bonedEsposit

o’sminivan,___17___hertomovebackwardsome100feetontotherailroadtracks.She___18___intheminivan,bruised(撞伤)butmostlyjustknockedoutbyth

e____19____andtheairbags.Asithappened,PeteDiPintowasgettingreadyfor___20___.He’djustclosedhisbookandwasgettingunderthecoverswhenhe

heardthesoundofmetalonmetalandbreakingglasscomingfromnotfaroutsidehisbedroomwindow.Avolunteer___21___

andretiredteacher,DiPinto,64,never___22___tothink.Hegrabbedaflashlightand,stilldressedinhispajamas(睡衣),ranoutthedoor.“Anyfirefighterwould

havedonewhatIdid,”hetoldNewsday.“We’realwayson___23___.”Thefirstcarhecameupon,2,000feetfromhisfrontyard,wastheon

ethathad___24___Esposito.OnceDiPintoconcludedthedriverwasOK,helookedaroundand_____25_____Esposito’sminivanposition

edontherailroadtracks.Andthenheheardaterriblesound:thebellssignalinganoncoming_____26_____.“Thegateswerestartingtocomedown,”hetoldNewsday.“Isee

theheadlightofthetrain.”DiPintoranquicklytoEsposito’sminivanandknockedonthedriver’ssidewindow.She_____27_____lookedathim,hereyes

unfocused.“Idon’tknowwhereIam,”shesaid.Sheseemedunhurt.“Honey,you’reontherailroad_____28_____,”DiPintoshouted.“Wehavetog

etyouoffrightnow!”Hepulledhardonthe_____29_____,butthedoorwascrashedinand_____30_____.Theheavydieseltrain,travelingat65milesperhour,wasm

ovingfasttowardthem.DiPintorantothepassengersideandthrewopenthe_____31_____.“Please,don’tletherbe_____32_____,”hethought.He

pushedasidethedeflating(瘪了的)airbags,grabbedEsposito’sarms,and_____33_____hertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilhecouldhelph

eroutandquicklygetherto______34______behindasignalboxafewfeetaway.Withinsixseconds,heestimated,thetraincrashe

dintotheminivan.“ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie,”DiPintotoldreportersthenextday.Butthisonehadatwist.“Lastnight,”SouthCountryAmbula

ncechiefGregMiglinotoldCBSNewYork,“the_____35_____arrivedinpajamas,notinafiretruck.”16.A.droveB.walkedC.rodeD.hiked17.A.allowingB.forcingC.or

deringD.reminding18.A.satB.stoodC.hidD.waited19.A.actionB.noiseC.impactD.bomb20.A.classB.workC.dinnerD.bed21.A.doctorB.driverC.firefighte

rD.engineer22.A.stoppedB.troubledC.intendedD.wanted23.A.dutyB.timeC.targetD.schedule24.A.warnedB.caughtC.hitD.followed25.A.observedB.sp

ottedC.realizedD.predicted26.A.trainB.truckC.carD.ambulance27.A.yetB.justC.stillD.even28.A.yardsB.stationsC.bridgesD.tracks

29.A.beltB.keyC.bellD.handle30.A.unlockedB.jammedC.openD.gone31.A.bagB.doorC.bookD.box32.A.scaredB.i

gnoredC.trappedD.defeated33.A.carriedB.rushedC.guidedD.pulled34.A.returnB.workC.safetyD.life35.A.policeB.actorC.reporterD.he

ro【答案】16.A17.B18.A19.C20.D21.C22.A23.A24.C25.B26.A27.B28.D29.D30.B31.B32.C33.D34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个夜晚发生了事故，埃斯波西托的小货车被撞了，落在铁轨上，皮特•迪

平托听到声音立刻出来现场进行救助，火车就要来临前的几秒钟，这个英雄顺利挽救了司机的生命的感人故事。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她几乎是自动驾驶的：左转到车站路，然后左转到蒙托克高速公路，然后

是嘭的一声！A.drove开车；B.walked走路；C.rode骑着；D.hiked远足，徒步旅行。根据上文shejumpedintoherHondaOdyssey可知她是开车的。故选A。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆不知道从哪儿冒出来的汽车撞毁了埃斯波西托的小货车，迫使她后退了大约

100英尺，落在铁轨上。A.allowing允许；B.forcing强迫；C.ordering命令，指示；D.reminding提醒。根据tomovebackwardsome100feet可知她是被迫后退的。故选B。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨

析。句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A.sat坐；B.stood站立；C.hid躲藏；D.waited等待。根据knockedout可知她当时是坐着车里的。故选A。【

19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A.action行动；B.noise噪音，响声；C.impact影响，效果；D.bomb炸弹。根据theairbags可知这是被撞击造成的影响

。故选C。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事情发生时，皮特·迪平托正准备睡觉。A.class班级；B.work工作；C.dinner晚餐；D.bed床。根据下文He’djustclosedhisbookandwasgettingunderthecovers可知此处他准备上床睡

觉。故选D。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师。A.doctor医生；B.driver司机；C.firefighter消防队员；D.engineer工程师。根据下文“A

nyfirefighterwouldhavedonewhatIdid,”hetoldNewsday.可知他是一名志愿消防员。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师，他没有停下来去思考发生了什么。A.stopped停下；B.tro

ubled麻烦；C.intended打算；D.wanted想要。根据下文Hegrabbedaflashlightand,stilldressedinhispajamas(睡衣),ranoutthedoor.这一系列动作可知他听到声音后没有停下

来思考就出去了。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“任何消防员都会做我做的事，”他告诉《新闻日报》。“我们总是在坚守岗位。”A.duty责任；B.time时间；C.target目标；D.schedule计划表。onduty值班，

上班。符合消防员的工作性质。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在离前院2000英尺的地方发现的第一辆车就是撞到埃斯波西托的那辆。A.warned警告；B.caught捕捉；C.hit撞击，打

击，袭击；D.followed跟着，听从。根据上文OutofnowhereacarT-bonedEsposito’sminivan可知这是撞击了埃斯波西托的那辆车。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当迪平托断定司机安然无恙时，他环顾四周，发现埃

斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。A.observed观察；B.spotted发现；C.realized实现，意识到；D.predicted预测，预报。根据他的动作concluded和lookedaround可知此处表示他发现了埃斯波西托的小货车停在了

铁轨上。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他听到一声可怕的声音：火车驶来的钟声。A.train火车；B.truck卡车；C.car小汽车；D.ambulance救护车。根据下文“Iseetheheadligh

tofthetrain.”可知此处表示听到火车驶来的钟声。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她只是看着他，眼神不集中。A.yet还，但是，已经；B.just仅仅，只是；C.still仍然；D.even甚至，即使。根据hereyesunfocused可知她当

时不清醒，所以只能看着迪平托而没有其他反应。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“亲爱的，你在铁轨上，”迪平托喊道。A.yards院子；B.stations车站；C.bridges桥；D.tracks轨道。根据上文Esposito’s

minivanpositionedontherailroadtracks可知此处表示在铁轨上。railroadtracks铁轨。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他使劲拉着门把手，但门被撞进去了，卡住了。A.belt腰带，地带；B.key钥匙；C.bell铃，钟声；D.han

dle把手，柄。根据butthedoor可知他抓的是门把手。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他使劲拉着门把手，但门被撞进去了，卡住了。A.unlocked打开的；B.jammed卡住的，拥堵的；C.open公开的，敞开的，打开的；D.gone消失的。根据butthedoor

wascrashedin可知此处表示门被卡住了。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪平托跑副驾驶的位置，把门打开。A.bag书包，背包；B.door门；C.book书本；D.box箱，盒子。根据DiPintorantothepassengerside可知他跑到另一边去开门。故选B。【3

2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“求求你，别让她被困住了，”他想。A.scared害怕；B.ignored忽略，不理睬；C.trapped困住；D.defeated打败。根据上文butthedoorwascrash

edinandjammed可知此处表示困住之意。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他推开泄气的安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从副驾驶座位上拉到自己身边，直到他能把她救出来，并迅速把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A.carried携带；

B.rushed匆促，急忙；C.guided导向；D.pulled拉，牵引。根据grabbedEsposito’sarms可知他把埃斯波西托拉拽出来。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他推开泄气的安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，

把她从乘客座位上拉到自己身边，直到他能把她救出来，并迅速把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A.return返回，恢复；B.work产品，工厂，文学，工作；C.safety安全；D.life生命，生活。根据常识和be

hindasignalboxafewfeetaway可知此处表示安全地带。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“昨天晚上，”南部地区救护车负责人GregMiglino告诉纽约哥伦比亚广播公司，“英雄是穿着睡衣来的，不是坐消防车来的。”A.police警察；B.acto

r演员；C.reporter记者；D.hero英雄。根据arrivedinpajamas可知此处指的是迪平托，他在危急时刻救了埃斯波西托，是一个英雄。故选D。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索

”的原则来查找信息。例如，第5小题要求判断迪平托要做什么，根据下文He’djustclosedhisbookandwasgettingunderthecovers可知此处他准备上床睡觉。故选D项。第13小题要求判断埃斯波西托当时身处哪里，根据上文Esposito’sminiva

npositionedontherailroadtracks可知此处表示在铁轨上。railroadtracks铁轨。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的

正确形式。ThePalaceMuseum,alsoknownastheForbiddenCity,isamuch-visitedandmuch-photographedtourist_____36_____(attract).ThisChinesepalacewithahi

storyofabout600years_____37_____(receive)millionsofvisitseveryyearandlotsofTVprogramshaveshowntheplaceinrecentyears.However,

itstillhassecrets,andanewprogram_____38_____(design)toexplorethoseunknownareasandthestorieswithinissettoshowthepalaceinanewlight.The

varietyshow,ShangXinLeGuGong,broadcastitsfirstepisode(一集)onBeijingTVandonlinestreamingmediasite,iQiyi.com,onNovember9.Thatfirstepi

sodewonwideacceptancefromaudiencesand_____39_____(think)highlyofonDouban.com."Itbringsmanyelements(元素)together,andeve

rythingintheshowis____40____(perfect)matchedandturnsoutamazing,"said_____41_____onlineuser."ItbringsmethethrillIfeltwhenIstepp

edintothePalaceMuseumforthefirsttime.”Ineachone-hour-longepisode,theactorsandactressesswitchbetweenplayingguidesandhistorical____

42____(figure)likeemperorsandroyalfamilymembersoftheQingDynasty(1644—1911).Theyfocusonareaswhicharestillnotaccessible_____

43_____thepublicandthestories___44___(surround)them.Intheshow,theactorsandactressesarealsojoinedbydesigners______45____

__willcreateproductsbasedonwhattheysee.Themostpopularones,basedonanonlinevote,aretobeturnedintosouvenirsforsale.【答案】36.attracti

on37.receives38.designed39.wasthought40.perfectly41.an42.figures43.to44.surrounding45.who/that【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，一个旨在揭秘故宫博物馆秘事和探索其不为人知地区的节目《上新了故宫》

，以一种全新的角度带领观众了解故宫，节目一经播出就好评如潮并引发了相关网上投票活动。【36题详解】考查名词。分析句子可知，amuch-visitedandmuch-photographedtourist__1__是一个“冠词+形容词+名词”名词短语结构，因为有a，所以

此空用单数可数名词，故填attraction。【37题详解】考查时态。分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语动词，根据下文的everyyear判断为一般现在时，主语palace是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单现形式，故填receives。【38题详解】考

查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作为名词program的后置定语，逻辑主语program和design之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填designed。【39题详解】考查时态和语态。分析句子可知此处是并列句的谓语动词，由上文的won判断为一般过去时，主语th

atfirstepisode和think之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填wasthought。【40题详解】考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰形容词matched，故填

perfectly。【41题详解】考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处泛指“一位网络用户”，表泛指用不定冠词a/an，online元音音素开头，所以用an。故填an。【42题详解】考查名词的数。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为动词play的宾语，figure作为“人物”时是可数名词，结合语境和上文的guid

es判断用该名词的复数，故填figures。【43题详解】考查介词。根据固定短语beaccessibleto“可以为……所了解”可知，此处应填介词to，故填to。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可

知，此处应用非谓语动词作为名词stories的后置定语，逻辑主语stories和surround之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填surrounding。【45题详解】考查定语。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关

系词代替先行词designers在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分20分）46.假定你是学生会主席李华，你校的交换生Bob已学习中国象棋长达一年，特发邮件向你询问将由学生会举办的中国象棋

大赛的情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1．举办比赛的目的；2．比赛的时间和地点；3．建议他报名参加并说明理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：中国象棋大赛ChineseChessContest【答案】DearBob，Delightedthatyo

uareinterestedtoknowabouttheChineseChessContesttobeheldbytheStudents'Union,I'mwritingtoinformyouofsomerelevantinformation.Aimedatraisingstuden

ts'awarenessoftraditionalChinesecultureanddevelopingstudents'loveforChinesechess,thecontestwillbeheldattheStudentC

enteronSeptember8th.SinceyouhavelearnedtoplayChinesechessforayear,Isuggestthatyoushouldparticipateinthecontest.Iamconvincedthatyourpar

ticipationwillsurelymakeadifference.Throughthecontest,notonlycanyouimproveyourskillsofplayingChinesechessbutalsoyoucanmake

friendswithotherexcellentplayers.Ifyouneedfurtherinformation,pleasedon’thesitatetocontactme.I'mexpecti

ngtoseeyouinthecontestanditismybeliefthatyouwillperformwell.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生回复交换生Bob关于学校举办中国象棋大赛的情况。【详解

】体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般将来时和一般现在时为主结构：总分总要求：1．举办比赛的目的；2．比赛的时间和地点；3．建议他报名参加并说明理由。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）bedelightedthat…/informsb.o

fsth./beaimedat/awareness/suggestthatsb.shoulddosth./makeadifference/notonly…butalso…/makefriendswithsb./hesitatetodosth./expectt

odosth./lookforwardto第三步：连词成句1.DelightedthatyouareinterestedtoknowabouttheChineseChessContesttobeheldbytheStudents'Union,I'mwriti

ngtoinformyouofsomerelevantinformation.2.Aimedatraisingstudents'awarenessoftraditionalChinesecultureanddevelopingstudents'loveforChinesechess,thecont

estwillbeheldattheStudentCenteronSeptember8th.3.SinceyouhavelearnedtoplayChinesechessforayear,Isuggestthatyoushouldparticipat

einthecontest.4.Iamconvincedthatyourparticipationwillsurelymakeadifference.5.Throughthecontest,notonlycanyouimproveyourskillsofpla

yingChinesechessbutalsoyoucanmakefriendswithotherexcellentplayers.6.Ifyouneedfurtherinformation,pleasedon'th

esitatetocontactme.7.I'mexpectingtoseeyouinthecontestanditismybeliefthatyouwillperformwell.8.Lookingforwardtoyourrep

ly.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…状语从句连词：because/if/though/although…定语从句连词：which/that/when/w

here…第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：SinceyouhavelearnedtoplayChinesechessforayear,Isugg

estthatyoushouldparticipateinthecontest.中since引导原因状语从句，that引导宾语从句；I'mexpectingtoseeyouinthecontestanditism

ybeliefthatyouwillperformwell.中that引导同位语从句。第二节概要写作（满分20分）47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Haagen-Dazs(哈根达斯雪糕)fromEuropestartedin1989andis5-10times

moreexpensivethanregularicecream.Thereisnorealadvantage.However,itadoptedauniquemarketingstrategy,andquicklyoccupiedthemarketasatopicecr

eambrand.Haagen-Dazsdidnotsetupshopsinordinarysupermarketsorgrocerystores.Haggen-Dazsleisurefashionshopsarelocatedinbu

sysectionsofmalls.Thelayoutiscarefullyplannedtocreateanelegantatmosphere,andsometimes,aflagship(旗舰)storewillcostseveralmilliondo

llars.Comparedtoothericecreambrands,Haagen-Dazsconsumersaretightlygrouped.ItisunderstoodthatHaagen-Dazsseldomdoestelevisionadvertising.Themajori

tyofadshavethehighlyvisualimpactoftheprintmedium.Inparticularmanyadvertisementslookforthosepyramidtipconsumers.Moreover,aslongasthecons

umerwhospends500Yuantofillinasmallformcanbecometheirmembers,thesememberswillberegularlysentadvertisementsbydir

ectmail.PraiseofcustomersisapowerfulweaponforHaagenDazs.Thereisalwaysmuchcreativeingenuity(独出心裁)inHaagen-Daz

sadvertising,soitisrememberedbythepublic.Initialadvertisementssuchas:''DeliciousHaagen-Dazs,like24Kgold,KobebeeffromJapan,o

riginalpalmoil,mushroomtrufflesandChineseceramics…''and''Loveher,lethereatHaagen-Dazs.''attractednumerousHaagen-Dazsl

overswhobecameregulars.Today,HaggenDazshasabout700storesin55countrieswithannualsalesofmorethan1billionUSdollars.Haagen-D

azshasbecometheworld’smostpopularicecreambrand.IntheUnitedStates,itsmarketshareis6.1%,1%inFrance,4.6%inJapan,4%inSing

apore,and5%inHongKong.Determinedtowinthemajorityofwealthycustomers,theycombinedpositioninginthemarketplacewithdedicatedbrandgoals.Thisistherealsecre

tofsuccess.【答案】Haagen-Dazshasbecomethemostpopularicecreamforitsdistinctivemarketingstrategy.(要点1)Onereasonist

hatitsshopsareoftensituatedinbusymalls.(要点2)Anotherfactorliesinitsprintadvertisementswithanexcellentvisualeffectesp

eciallytargetingconsumerswithgreatpurchasingpower.(要点3)Besides,thecreativityintheadvertisementsalsocreatesanimpr

essiveimage.(要点4)Inaword,adoptingauniquemarketingstrategyhascontributedtothebrand'sworldwidepopularity

.(要点5)【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作。文章主要介绍了哈根达斯成为最受欢迎的冰激凌的市场策略。【详解】通读全文可知，本文是总分总结构，可以从以下五点进行总结：因为独特的市场策略哈根达斯成为最受欢迎的冰激凌；原因之一是它的商店都开在繁忙的商

场；原因之二是它的广告极具视觉效应，可以吸引顾客购买；原因之三是具有创造力的广告令人印象深刻；总的来说，独特的市场策略是这个品牌受到全世界欢迎的原因。即：Haagen-Dazshasbecomethemostpopularicecreamforit

sdistinctivemarketingstrategy.(要点1)Onereasonisthatitsshopsareoftensituatedinbusymalls.(要点2)Anotherfactorliesinitsprintadvertisem

entswithanexcellentvisualeffectespeciallytargetingconsumerswithgreatpurchasingpower.(要点3)Besides,thecreativityintheadvertisementsalso

createsanimpressiveimage.(要点4)Inaword,adoptingauniquemarketingstrategyhascontributedtothebrand'sworldwidepopularity.(要点5)