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益阳市2020年下学期普通高中期末考试高二英语试题卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用

橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到

答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回

答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillAlicedonext?A.Handinherc

omposition.B.Correctherspellingmistakes.C.Rewritehercomposition.2.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A

.Thespeakersaregoodfriends.B.Mr.Smithisverybusynow.C.Mr.JoneshastakenoverMr.Smith.3.Whatdoesthegirlthinkofherparents?A.S

trict.B.Open-minded.C.Generous.4.Whatdoesthemanwantthegirltodo?A.Talkwithherteachers.B.Playwithherphonemore.C.Paymoreatte

ntiontoherwork.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Onlineclasses.B.Schoolsubjects.C.Sports.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或

独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Drivi

ngacar.B.Lookingatapapermap.C.Usingaphonetogivedirections.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onaboat.B.Inacar.C.Inapl

ane.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8Howdoestheboyfeelaboutmakingaspeech?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Confident.9.Howdidthegirlprepareforherspeech?A.Shewrotedow

neveryword.B.Shewrotedownthemainpoint.C.Shewrotea1000-wordpassage.听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。10.Howdidthemangettothespeciald

eviceshow?A.Bybus.B.onfoot.C.Bysubway.11.Whatistheman’sfavorite?A.The3Dtheatre.B.TheTestSpace.C.TheGamesHall.12.Whendidthemangetintotheha

ll?A.At8:00.B.At9:00.C.At10:30.听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。.13.Whatistheman’smajor?A.Marketing.B.Internationalb

usiness.C.Tourism.14.Whatisarequirementofthejob?A.Livingabroad.B.Travelingalot.C.Beingmarried.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthejob?A.Ch

allenging.B.Pleasant.C.Boring.16.Howsoonwillthemangetareply?A.Insixdays.B.Insevendays.C.Intendays.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。17.

Whatisthespeaker?A.Hesellsthings.B.Hemakesthings.C.Herepairsthings.18.Howdoesthespeakerfeelifanoldtabl

ehasbeenrepairedmanytimes?A.Hestilllovesit.B.Hewilluseitcarelessly.C.Hewillthrowitawayimmediately.19.Acco

rdingtothespeaker,whichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A.Thefurnituremadetodaycanlastlonger.B.Thefurnitureinthepastwasmorebeautiful.C.Morecarewas

takenmakingfurnitureinthepast.20.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Olddays.B.Furniture.C.Technology.第二部分阅读(

共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhocanbethemostdangerousoneonthestr

eetthecardriver,thecyclistorthepedestrian?Nowlet’stakealookatsomepeople’sopinions.WilliamLangInmyopinion,Ibelievemanycyclistsbehavedange

rously.Manydriversaredisrespectfulofcyclists.Butpedestriansareprobablytheworstoffenders.,Peopleofallageshappilywalkalongthepavementwitheyesandha

ndsgluedtothemobilephone,quiteunawareofwhatisgoingonaroundthem.Theymayevendothesamethingwhilecrossingaroadatapedestriancrossingorelsewhe

re.Therestofushavetogivewaytothemorjuststandstilltowaitfortheunavoidablecollision.Therealproblemistha

tsomepedestriansseemtobe,atleastforthemoment,inworldsoftheirownthatare,tothem,muchmoreimportantthanthewelfareofothers.HemingwayIamaf

raidnowadaysthecyclistsseemtothinktheyowntheroads.IwaswalkingacrossRenminRoadonemorningwhenacyclistwentroundmeandonbeing

askedwhathewasdoing,heshoutedatme.ThegovernmentbuiltacyclelaneontheroadbutitishardlyusedThepolicedonothing.Whata

laughtheyare!Thecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanesandwearhelmets,fluorescent(发荧光的)jacketandtightsatnightandinthemorning.Theyshouldpayso

mesortoftaxandbefinedfornotwearingthem.GaryCyclistsjumponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians),ri

deatspeedalongthepavements,andthinktheyhaveaspecialrighttogothroughtrafficlightswhentheyareonred.Iwasalmostknockeddownrece

ntlybyacyclistridingonthepavementwhentherewasacyclelanerightnexttohim.Otherroadusers,includinghorseriders,managetoobeytherule

s,sowhynotcyclists?It’sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapedestrianoravehicle,orcauseanac

cident,atleasttheycanbetracedandtheremightbeanopportunitytoclaim.1.Thepurposeofthequestioninparagraphoneist

o.A.introduceatopicB.setanexampleC.showanattitudeD.drawaconclusion2.Williamthinksthat.A.somepedestriansareathreattoroadsa

fetyB.driversshouldbepolitetocyclistsC.walkingwhileusingphonesharmsone’seyesD.roadaccidentscanactuallybeavoided3.BothHemingwayandGarysuggesttha

tcyclistsshould.A.befinedforlaughingatpolicemenB.beprovidedwithenoughroads.C.bemadetopaylesstaxforcyclingD.beaskedtoride

ontheirownlanes【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章就“谁可能是街上最危险的人，汽车司机、骑自行车的人还是行人？”这个问题，陈述了几个人的观点。【1题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Whocanbethemostdangerousoneonthestr

eet,thecardriver,thecyclistorthepedestrian?Nowlet’stakealookatsomepeople’sopinions.(谁可能是街上最危险的人，汽车司机、骑自行车的人还是行

人？现在让我们来看看一些人的看法)”和下文3人对这个问题的看法可知，第一段中问题的目的在于介绍一个主题——一些人对此问题的看法。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由WilliamLang下第一段的“Inmyopinion,I

believemanycyclistsbehavedangerously.(在我看来，我认为很多骑车人的行为都很危险)”和第二段的“Peopleofallageshappilywalkalongthepavement

witheyesandhandsgluedtothemobilephone,quiteunawareofwhatisgoingonaroundthem.Theymayevendothesamethin

gwhilecrossingaroadatapedestriancrossingorelsewhere.(各个年龄段的人都快乐地沿着人行道行走，眼睛和手紧紧地盯着手机，完全不知道周围发生了什么。他们甚至可以在人行横道或其他地方横穿马路时做同样的事情)”可知，Willia

m认为一些行人对道路安全构成威胁。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由Hemingway下最后一段中的“Thecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanesandwearhelmets,fluorescent(发荧光的)jacketandtights

atnightandinthemorning.(骑自行车的人都必须使用自行车道，晚上和早上都要戴头盔、穿荧光夹克和紧身衣)”和Gary下第一段中的“Cyclistsjumponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians)(骑自行车的人在人行道上跳上跳下（

这是为行人准备的）)”及第三段中的“Otherroadusers,includinghorseriders,managetoobeytherules,sowhynotcyclists?(其他道路使用者，包括骑马的人，都遵守了规则，那么骑车的人为什么不遵守呢？)”可知，Heming

way和Gary都建议骑自行车的人应该被要求在自己的车道上骑行。故选D项。BTheFrenchhavelostanumberoffamousbattleswiththeBritishoverthecenturi

es.Buttheyalwaysfeelproudofthemselveswheninthekitchen.Francehasforcenturieshadareputationforcookingexcellen

ce,andBritainforsomeoftheworstcookingintheworld.Butaccordingtoarecentsurvey,thatreputationmaynolonger

reflectreality.Inthesurvey,71%oftheBritonssaidtheycookathomeeveryday,whileonly59%oftheFrenchsaidtheycookdaily.Britishho

mecooksspendmoretimecookingeachweekandalsoproduceagreatervarietyofdishesthanFrenchhomecooks.ThereactioninLon

donwaspredictablyenthusiastic.Britishfoodhasgreatlyimprovedsincethe1990s.Onceuponatime,themenuformanyfamilymealswouldhavebeenroastbeef,potatoesandove

r-cookedvegetables,butnotnow.Homecooksareexperimentingwiththehugerangeofingredients(材料)nowavailableinBritishsupermarketsandare

preparingallkindsofnewdishes,usingthecookbooksthatsellmillionsofcopieseveryyear.Asaresult,there’smuchmorediversityinBr

itishfoodnow,comparedtoFrenchfood,whichtendstobeverytraditional.SomeFrenchpeoplesaythatthesurveydidnotshowthewholepicture.Theyagreethatduring

theweekFrenchwomendon’tcookasmuchastheyusedtobecausemostofthemworkanddon’thavemuchtime.Theytendtobuyready-madeorfrozendishes,butmanyofthemmakeupforit

ontheweekend.There’salsoadifferencebetweenParisandthecountryside.It’struethatpeopleinParisdon’tcookmuch,butelsewhere,cookingisstil

lattheheartofdailylife.FormanyFrenchpeople,opinionsaboutBritishfoodhavenotchanged.WhenBernardBlier,thefoodeditoratamagazine,wasaskedaboutBritishf

ood,hereplied:“Idon’tgooutofmywaytotryit.Itisnotveryrefined.YoucansaythatI’mnotafanatall.”4.FromthearticleweknowthatnowadaysBritishpeople______.A.

buymorecookbooksthanFrenchpeopledoB.cooklessathomethantheFrencheverydayC.nolongereatroastbeefandover-cookedvegetab

lesD.aremorefondoftryingcookingallkindsofnewfoods5.Whatcanweinferfromparagraphfour?A.Frenchwomenseldomcoo

kontheweekend.B.TheFrenchpreferready-madedishes.C.Frenchwomencooklessoftenonweekdaysnow.D.Cookingisattheheartofpeople’slifeinParis.6.WhatisBernard’s

attitudetowardsBritishfood?A.Heconsidersitbetterthanbefore.B.Heshowsnointerestinit.C.Heconsidersitworsethanbefore.D.Hewouldlovetotryit.7.

Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThechangeinFrenchfood.B.ThehistoryofFrenchfood.C.ThechangeinBritishfood.D.Thehis

toryofBritishfood.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。几个世纪以来，法国在烹饪方面有着卓越的声誉，英国的烹饪方式则是世界上最糟糕的。但根据最近的一项调查显示，这种声誉可能不再反映现实。在调查中，71%的英国人说他们每天在家做饭，而只有59

%的法国人说他们每天都做饭。英国的家庭厨师每周花更多的时间做饭，也比法国的家庭厨师制作更多种类的菜肴。现在英国食物的多样性要比传统的法国食物多得多。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Britishhomecooksspendmoretimecookingeachweekandalsoproduc

eagreatervarietyofdishesthanFrenchhomecooks.(英国家庭厨师每周花更多的时间做饭，也比法国家庭厨师做出更多种类的菜肴)”可知，现如今，英国人更愿意烹饪更多类型的菜肴了。故选D。【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“TheyagreethatduringtheweekFrenchwomendon'tcookasmuchastheyusedtobecausemostofthemworkanddon'thavemuchtime.(

他们一致认为，在一周内，法国女性不像过去那样经常做饭，因为她们大多数人都在工作，没有太多的时间)”可推知，现在，法国女性在工作日做饭的频率降低了。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WhenBernardBlier,thefoode

ditoratamagazine,wasaskedaboutBritishfood,hereplied:“Idon’tgooutofmywaytotryit.Itisnotveryrefined.YoucansaythatI’mnota

fanatall.”(当一家杂志的美食编辑BernardBlier被问及英国美食时，他回答说：“我不会刻意去尝试。它不是很精致。你可以说我根本不是你的粉丝。”)”推知，Bernard对英国食物并不感兴趣。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章讲述几个世纪以来，法国在烹饪方面有着卓越

的声誉，英国的烹饪方式则是世界上最糟糕的。但根据最近的一项调查显示，这种声誉可能不再反映现实。在调查中，71%的英国人说他们每天在家做饭，而只有59%的法国人说他们每天都做饭。英国的家庭厨师每周花更多的时间做饭，也比法国的家庭厨师制作更多种类的菜肴。现在英国食物的多样性要比传统的法国食物多得多。由

此可知，本文介绍了英国食物的变化。故选C。CAttheendof2018,theBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS北斗卫星导航系统)startedtoprovideglobalservices.“ThismarkedBe

idou’senteringa‘globalera’fromits‘regionalera’,”BDSSpokesmanRanChengqisaidatanewsconference.NowwithtwomoreBeidousatell

iteslaunchedonDec.16th,2019,BDShas53satellitesinorbit－morethanUSgovernment’sGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS),whichhas31activesatellite

s.ThatlaunchmeansthecoreofBeidou’sthird-generationnetworkisnowinplace.Itisexpectedtogreatlyimprovethesystem’sabilitytoserveus

ersworldwide.AsignalreceiveronEarth－yoursmartphone,forexample,measuresitsdistancefromatleastthreesatellite

sbyrecordingtheamountoftimeittakestoreceivetheirsignals.Thenitcancalculateitslocation.Withsomanysatellites,BDScanprovideamoreaccurat

ecalculation.WhileGPScalculateslocationstowithinafewmeters,BDSreducestheerrortocentimeters.Thishigh-precisionserv

iceisusefulforlandsurveying,mapping,agricultureandautomateddriving.ChinaiswillingtoshareBDSwiththeworld.AccordingtoRan,BDSproducts

havebeenexportedtomorethan120countriesandregions.“TheBeidousystemwillalwayssticktothedevelopmentideaof‘China’sBei

dou,theworld’sBeidouandthefirst-classBeidou’,servingtheworldandbenefitingmankind,”Rantoldreportersaftert

helatestlaunch.HeaddedthatfutureplanscallforasmarterandmoreaccessiblesystemwithBeidouasitscore,tocome

onlineby2035.8.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.BDSdevelopsstepbystep.B.BDSisonlyusedinChina.C.GPSha

smoresatellitesthanBDS.D.ThefirstBeidousatelliteprovidedglobalservices.9.Thethirdparagraphmainlytalksabout.A.whypeoplepreferBDSB.howthesi

gnalisreceivedC.whatBDSisD.howBDSworks10.Bynow,BDScanprovideserviceinmanyfieldsEXCEPT.A.motorvehicledrivingB.landsurv

eyingC.healthcareD.agriculture11.WhatcanweinferfromRan’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.BDSisperfectatpresent.B.OthercountriesrefusetouseBDS.C.Itisc

hallengingtoexportBDSproducts.D.Thesystemisexpectedtoimproveinthefuture.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北斗卫星导

航系统的发展、工作方式以及应用。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Attheendof2018,theBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS北斗卫星导航系统)startedtoprovideglobalservices.(2

018年底，北斗卫星导航系统开始提供全球服务)”以及第二段中“NowwithtwomoreBeidousatelliteslaunchedonDec.16th,2019,BDShas53satellitesinorbit－morethanUSgovernment’sGlobalPosition

ingSystem(GPS),whichhas31activesatellites.(现在，随着2019年12月16日又发射了两颗北斗卫星，北斗系统有53颗卫星在轨运行，超过了美国政府的全球定位系统（GPS），后者有31颗

活跃卫星)”可知，北斗系统的发展是循序渐进的。故选A。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“AsignalreceiveronEarth－yoursmartphone,forexample,measuresit

sdistancefromatleastthreesatellitesbyrecordingtheamountoftimeittakestoreceivetheirsignals.Thenitcancalculateitslocation.Withsom

anysatellites,BDScanprovideamoreaccuratecalculation.(例如，地球上的一个信号接收器——你的智能手机——通过记录接收信号所需的时间来测量它与至少三颗卫星的距离。然后它可以计算出自己

的位置。有了这么多卫星，北斗系统可以提供更准确的计算)”可知，第三段主要讲北斗系统如何工作。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thishigh-precisionserviceisusefulforlandsurveying,mapping,agricultureandauto

mateddriving.(这种高精度服务适用于土地测量、测绘、农业和自动驾驶)”可知，北斗系统无法提供医疗服务。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“HeaddedthatfutureplanscallforasmarterandmoreaccessiblesystemwithB

eidouasitscore,tocomeonlineby2035.(他补充说，未来的计划要求以北斗为核心的更智能、更易于使用的系统，到2035年上线)”可推知，系统有望在未来得到改进。故选D。DItisatruthuniversallyacknowledge

dthatwateristasteless.Butithappensfromtimetotime:youpickupthebottleofwateryoudidn’tfinishyesterday,andittastesstrange.Mostoften,youtendt

odropthebottleinthetrashbin,believingthatthewaterhasgonebad.Butisittrue?AccordingtoTime,tastehaslittletodowithqualityofwater.Whenwateris

exposedfor12hours,carbondioxideinteractswiththeH2Ointhewater,andthepHvaluelowersslightly.Asaresult,thewaterhas

adifferenttaste.“Butit’smostlikelysafetodrink,”NorwegianexpertTrulsKroghtoldScienceNordic.“Ifthewateriscoveredandofgoodqua

litytostartwith,inprincipleitcanlastathousandyears.That’sbecausewhenwaterisfresh,itcontainslittleorganicmatter.Aslongas

waterisheldincleanglassesorbottles,nopollutantswillenterittoharmourhealth.”PeopleincountriesliketheUS,theUKandA

ustraliausuallydrinktapwater.AccordingtoTime,iftapwaterisdrunkwithinsixmonths,thechlorineinthewaterwillbeenoughtokillanybacteriaandkeepi

tsafetodrink.However,therearealsosomeexceptions.Ifyouaccidentallyputyourfingersintowaterorstorewaterinuncleancontainersd

ayafterday,microorganismwillenterthewater.Withthehelpofsurroundingtemperature,andsunlightstreamingthroughwindows,thesemicroorganisms

multiplyquickly.Soonerorlater,thewaterwillbeinthechargeoftheunfriendlybacteria.Andifyoudrinkthewatertoooften,thenyou’remorelikelytobei

ll.Andwhataboutwaterinplasticbottles?Heatandplasticareabadcombination,USresearcherKelloggSchwabstresses.Whenplasticbottlesareusedat

hightemperatures,theyproduceachemicalcalledBPA.BPAissomethingthataffectshormonesandresearchhastentativelylinkeditto“severalhealthda

mage,includingheartdiseaseandcancer”,Timereported.Schwabsuggestsreplacingdisposableplasticbottleswiththerefillablecontainersmadeofmetalorglasstodeal

withBPA.12.TrulsKroghwouldagreethat.A.coveredwatercanlastforathousandyearsB.ifthewatertastesdifferent,weshouldn’tdrinkitC.thew

aterheldinacleancontainerislikelysafetodrinkD.althoughkeptfresh,watermaystillhavemuchorganicmatter13.Theunderlined

word“multiply”inparagraphfiveprobablymeans.A.reproduceB.recycleC.changeD.compete14.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Tapwaterisalwayssafetodr

ink.B.Microorganismsareeasytoproduceintheheat.C.Disposableplasticbottleshavebeenbannedalready.D.BPAdo

eslittleharmtoourhealth.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhyisWaterTasteless?B.DoesWaterReallyGoBad?C.HowtoGetCleanWater?D.HowtoProtectWater

?【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B【解析】【导语】本文为说明文。本文就喝剩下的水是否会变坏进行了研究。研究表明没喝完的水虽然味道有点怪，但只要水质是好的，保存恰当不被细菌污染，是不会变坏的。但专家建议不要用塑料杯要用金属

或玻璃制品装热水。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Butit’smostlikelysafetodrink,”NorwegianexpertTrulsKroghtoldScienceNordic.“Ifthewa

teriscoveredandofgoodqualitytostartwith,inprincipleitcanlastathousandyears.That’sbecausewhenwaterisfresh,itcontainslittleorganicmatter.Aslongaswate

risheldincleanglassesorbottles,nopollutantswillenterittoharmourhealth.”(挪威专家TrulsKrogh告诉北欧科学：“但饮用它很可能是安全的。如果水一开始就被盖好，而且质量很好，原则上它可以持续一千年。这是因为当水是新鲜的时候，

它含有很少的有机物质。只要水装在干净的玻璃杯或瓶子里，就不会有污染物进入水中危害我们的健康。”)”可知，只要水质好，保存在干净的容器内，就不会有污染物，都是安全可饮用的。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Soon

erorlater,thewaterwillbeinthechargeoftheunfriendlybacteria.(水迟早会被不友好的细菌控制)”可知，水迟早会被不友好的细菌控制，说明微生物迅速繁殖。故画线词意思

是“繁殖”。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Withthehelpofsurroundingtemperature,andsunlightstreamingthroughwindows,thesemicroorganismsmultiplyquickly.(在周围温度和阳光的

帮助下，这些微生物迅速繁殖)”可推知，微生物在高温下容易产生，故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatwateristasteless.Butithappensfromtimetotime:youpickupth

ebottleofwateryoudidn’tfinishyesterday,andittastesstrange.Mostoften,youtendtodropthebottleinthetrashbin,believingthat

thewaterhasgonebad.Butisittrue?(水无味是举世公认的真理。但这种情况时常发生：你拿起一瓶昨天没喝完的水，它的味道很奇怪。大多数情况下，你倾向于把瓶子扔进垃圾桶，认为水已经变坏了。但这是真的吗？)”，即在第一段讲述昨天没有喝完的水虽然味道有点怪，水质真的坏了吗？结论是

味道会变，味道当然与水的质量没有多大关系。接着对这个问题“Butisittrue?”进行了大量的研究调查，证明只要水质好，保存在干净的容器内，不被污染都是安全可饮用的。由此可推断出B项（水真的会坏吗？）符合题意，故选B。第二节(共5小题

;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thoughtoforgiveisavirtue,nooneregardsitasaneasything.Ifyouaredeeplyhurtbysomeon

e,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmental

health.Accordingtoarecentresearch,peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressandmorehopefulness.____16____Trythefollowingstep

s.Neverwaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.____

17____Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.Calmyou

rself.____18____Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Takethecontrolawayfro

myouroffender.Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfee

lings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.____19____Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingou

tofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.____20____Butitcanr

obyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.A.Whydoyouhavetoforgive?B.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?C.Recognizeth

ebenefitsofforgiveness.D.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender’sangle.E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F.Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tr

yasimplestressmanagementtechnique.G.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.【答案】16.B

17.G18.F19.D20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些开始原谅的步骤。【16题详解】根据后文“Trythefollowingsteps.(试试下面的步骤)”可知，本句为设问句，引出后文开始原谅的步骤。故B选项“你应该如何开始原谅

？”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Neverwaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayh

avewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.(永远不要等待别人的道歉。很多时候，伤害你的人并不打算道歉。他们可能是想伤害你，也可能只是和你看问题的方

式不同)”可知，本段主要是关于不要等待别人道歉，G选项中waitforpeopletoapologize对应上文中Neverwaitforanapology.故G选项“如果你等着别人来道歉，你可能会等很长时间”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据

后文“Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.(你可以做几次深呼吸，想一些让你快乐的事情：大自然的美丽风景

，或者你爱的人)”可知，后文提到了压制愤怒的小方法。故F选项“为了让你的愤怒消失，尝试一个简单的压力管理技巧”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheors

hewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.(如果你理解冒犯你的人，你可能会意识到他或她的行为是出于无意识、恐惧，甚

至是爱。你可能想从冒犯你的人的角度给自己写一封信)”可知，后文提到了理解冒犯你的人，即站在对方的立场看问题。故D选项“试着从冒犯你的人的角度看问题”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.(不要忘记原谅自己)”可知，本段的主旨是原谅自

己，E选项中forgivingthemselves能够对应forgiveyourself。故E选项“对一些人来说，原谅自己是最大的挑战”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，

满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Foraherder(放牧人)inAfrica,thehardestpartofthejobissearchingf

orcattlelostinthebush.ButforAndrew,aherderatafarminZimbabwe,it’snota____21____.Oncehe____22____Toro,heknowstherestofth

eherdisnearby.That’sbecauseToroisn’tanordinarymemberoftheherd.He’sagiraffe.In____23____weather,cattle

restintheshadeunderhisbellytokeepcool.Andbecauseofhisheight,Torocanspotlionslongbeforetheycomeclosetotheherd.Toro’s____24_

___situationcameaboutafterhismotherwaskilledbylions.Torosurvivedtheattack,buthewasleftwithnoonetoprotecthimor

givehimmilk.Abouttwodayslater,someherdersspottedandrescuedhim.Withthe____25____oftheDepartmentofWildlife,thehe

rdersmovedTorotoAndrew’sfarm.Sincegiraffesandcattlearebothplant-eatinganimalsthatlivein____26____,theirbehaviorsaremuchthesam

e.Torowasacceptedintotheherdand____27____amongthecattleastheyategrass.Torodoesn’talwaysbehaveliketheothermembersofhisnewherd.Likemanykindsofanimal

s,cattle____28____leadership.Standingmorethan13feettall,Toroismorethanthreetimestallerthanthe____29____bull,butToro_____30_____triestobe“theboss”

.“Heisveryusedtotheir_____31_____,”Andrewsaid.Whentheherdentersthekraal(家畜栏),thecowsandbulls_____32_____eachother

.“Butthankstohisheight,Torodoesnotneedtojointhe_____33_____,”saidAndrew.WhenaskedifTorowouldeverbe_____34___

__tothewild,Munetsi,anofficeroftheDepartmentofWildlifesaidno.“Inthewild,hewouldfinditdifficulttobeacceptedintoa

notherherdordefendhimselffrombeingkilledbyotheranimals,”headded.“Heseemsverymuchathomeandisrespectedbythe_____35_____.”21.A.solutionB.methodC.

survivalD.problem22.A.receivesB.spotsC.separatesD.urges23.A.rainyB.windyC.coldD.hot24.A.unusualB.natu

ralC.ashamedD.frightened25.A.reliefB.worryC.pityD.permission26.A.individualsB.buildingsC.groupsD.camps27.A.discovered

B.wanderedC.performedD.explored28.A.competeforB.spreadoutC.movearoundD.putforward29.A.rarestB.fastestC.biggestD.best30.A.oftenB.somet

imesC.neverD.accidentally31.A.companyB.competitorC.instructorD.enemy32.A.matchB.improveC.pullD.push33.A.anxietyB.sadnessC.m

essD.effort34.A.adoptedB.huntedC.returnedD.cured35.A.peopleB.cattleC.ownersD.lions【答案】21D22.B23.D24.A25.D26.C27.B28.A29.C30.C31.A32.D33.C34.C35.B【

解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，在非洲的津巴布韦，一头落单的长颈鹿托罗（Toro）与牛群生活在一起，同吃同住，相处得非常和谐。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对安德鲁来说，这不是问题，他是津巴布韦一家农场的牧民。A.solutio

n解决方法；B.method方法；C.survival生存；D.problem问题。由上文的“Foraherder(放牧人)inAfrica,thehardestpartofthejobissearchingforcattlelost

inthebush.(对于一个非洲的牧民来说，工作中最困难的部分是寻找在.灌木丛中丢失的牛)”和表转折的But可知，“寻找在灌木丛中丢失的牛”是工作中一个问题，该句意义与上文相反，即“寻找在灌木丛中丢失的牛”对

安德鲁来说，不是问题。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦他发现托罗，他就知道其余的牛群就在附近。A.receives收到；B.spots发现；C.separates分开；D.urges敦促。由下文的“Torowasacceptedint

otheherd(托罗被接纳进牛群)”可知，托罗和牛群生活在一起，所以一旦发现托罗，就能知道其余牛群在哪。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在炎热的天气里，牛群在托罗肚子下面的阴凉处休息以保持凉爽。A.rainy阴雨的

；B.windy有风的；C.cold寒冷的；D.hot炎热的。由下文的“cattlerestintheshadeunderhisbellytokeepcool”可知，天气炎热才需找荫蔽处保持凉爽。故选D项。【

24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：托罗的母亲被狮子杀死后，托罗出现了不同寻常的情况。A.unusual不同寻常的；B.natural自然的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.frightened害怕的。由下文的“Torosurvivedtheattack,buthewasle

ftwithnoonetoprotecthimorgivehimmilk.(托罗在袭击中幸存下来，但没有人保护他或给他奶水)”可知，此处指托罗幸存下来但无法独自为生的不同寻常的情况。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在野生动物部的许可下，牧民们把托罗搬到了

安德鲁的农场。A.relief解脱；B.worry担心；C.pity遗憾；D.permission许可。由下文的“oftheDepartmentofWildlife”和常识可知，需要野生动物部的许可，牧民才可以在牧场养长颈鹿。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于长颈

鹿和牛都是群居的以植物为食的动物，它们的行为非常相似。A.individuals个人；B.buildings建筑；C.groups组、群；D.camps营地。由下文的“theirbehaviorsaremuchthesame”和“Torowasacceptedintotheherd(托罗被接纳

进牛群)”可知，托罗和牛群生活在一起，可得出长颈鹿和牛都是群居动物。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：托罗被接纳进牛群，在吃草的牛群中漫步。A.discovered发现；B.wandered漫游、闲逛；C.performed表演；D.explored探索。由上文的“T

orowasacceptedintotheherd”可知，托罗成为牛群一份子，可以在吃草的牛群中漫步。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：和许多种类的动物一样，牛群也在争夺领导权。A.competefor争夺；B.spreadout分散；C.movearound经常搬迁；D.pu

tforward提出。由下文的“leadership”和“triestobe“theboss”(试图成为“老大”)”可知，牛群也在争夺领导权。故选A项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：托罗身高超过13英尺，是最大公牛的三倍高

，但托罗从不试图成为“老大”。A.rarest最珍贵的；B.fastest最快的；C.biggest最大的；D.best最好的。此处将托罗与最大公牛的身高作比较。故选C项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意

：托罗身高超过13英尺，是最大公牛的三倍高，但托罗从不试图成为“老大”。A.often经常；B.sometimes有时；C.never绝不；D.accidentally意外地。由表转折的but可知，此处表托罗从不试图成为“老大”，与上文的“cattle____8____lea

dership(牛群也在争夺领导权)”形成鲜明对比。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁说：“他很习惯他们的陪伴。”A.company连队，陪伴；B.competitor竞争者；C.instructor导师；D.e

nemy敌人。呼应上文的“cattlerestintheshadeunderhisbellytokeepcool(牛群在托罗肚子下面的阴凉处休息以保持凉爽)”可知，托罗与牛群相处友好，所以他很习惯自己与牛群在一起，即它们的陪伴。故选A项。【32题

详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当牛群进入家畜栏时，奶牛和公牛相互推挤。A.match匹配；B.improve提高；C.pull拉；D.push推。由上文的“Whentheherdentersthekraal(家畜栏),theco

wsandbulls”和常识可知，家畜栏就那么大，所以牛群进入家畜栏时，会相互推挤。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁说：“但由于他的身高，托罗不需要加入混乱。”A.anxiety焦虑；B.sadness悲伤；C.me

ss混乱；D.effort努力。由上文语境可知，托罗身为长颈鹿，因为长得高，所以不需要加入牛群进入家畜栏时相互推挤的混乱中。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及托罗是否会被送回野外时，野生动物部的一名官员穆内西表示不会。A.adop

ted采用；B.hunted捕猎；C.returned返回，送回；D.cured治愈。由下文的“tothewild,Munetsi,anofficeroftheDepartmentofWildlifesaid

no”和“Inthewild,hewouldfinditdifficulttobeacceptedintoanotherherdordefendhimselffrombeingkilledbyotheranimals(在野外，他会发现很难被其他动物接纳，也

很难保护自己不被其他动物杀死)”可知，此处指就把长颈鹿托罗送回野外这一事情。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看起来自在，受到牛群的尊敬。A.people人们；B.cattle牛群；C.owners主人；D.lions狮子。由上文语境可知，托罗能给牛群

预警，牛群在托罗肚子下面的阴凉处休息以保持凉爽，有成为牛群老大的潜力，可得出他会受到牛群的尊敬。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形

式。TheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病)reducedglobalgreenhousegasemissionsby7percentthisyear,releasedbytheGlobalCarbonProjectonFriday.“Theamountf

ellby2.4billionmetrictons____36____thecurrentlevelof34billionmetrictonsofcarbondioxide(CO2)”,saidthestud

y____37____(publish)inthejournalEarthSystemsScienceData.“Thedropoccurs___38___(chief)becausepeoplearestayinghomeandtraveling____39____(l

ittle)bycarandplane,andemissions____40____(expect)tojumpbackupafterthepandemicends”,theresearchteamsaid.Thedatashowthatgroundtra

nsportationmakesupaboutone-fifthofemissionsofcarbondioxide.Thoughtherecord____41____(drop),theworldonaverageput1,07

5metrictonsofCO2into____42____aireverysecond.Thescientistsofthestudysaidthatlong-termemissionstrendswouldbehe

avilyinfluencedbyhow____43____(country)powertheirpandemicrecoveryplans.UNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterresonTuesdayappealedforambitiousclimateaction

,____44____(say)2021mustbetheyear_____45_____theworldleapsforwardintoanet-zeroemissionsfuture.【答案】36.to37.publishe

d38.chiefly39.less40.areexpected41.dropped42.the43.countries44.saying45.when【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了全球碳项目周五公布，新冠肺炎疫情今年使全球温室气体排放量减少了7%并介绍了其背后的原因。【36题

详解】考查介词。句意：发表在《地球系统科学数据》杂志上的这项研究称，“这一数量减少了24亿吨，达到目前的340亿吨二氧化碳（CO2）水平”。tothe(adj.)levelof…(达到……的水平)。故填to。【37题详解】考查过去分词。句意：发表在《地球系统科学数据》杂志

上的这项研究称，“这一数量减少了24亿吨，达到目前的340亿吨二氧化碳（CO2）水平”。本句已有谓语fell且无连词，动词publish用非谓语形式，逻辑主语thestudy与动词publish是被动关系，用过去

分词作后置定语。故填published。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：研究小组表示：“下降主要是因为人们呆在家里，开车和飞机旅行减少，预计在疫情结束后，排放量会回升。”副词chiefly作状语，修饰后面

的原因状语从句。故填chiefly。【39题详解】考查比较级。句意：研究小组表示：“下降主要是因为人们呆在家里，开车和飞机旅行减少，预计在疫情结束后，排放量会回升。”暗含比较含义，意为“相比疫情前，疫情期间开车和飞机旅行减少”，用

副词比较级less作状语，修饰动词traveling。故填less。【40题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：研究小组表示：“下降主要是因为人们呆在家里，开车和飞机旅行减少，预计在疫情结束后，排放量会回升。”beexpectedtodosth.(预计做某

事)，并列句谓语occurs用一般现在时，该空也用一般现在时，主语emissions复数，谓语复数形式。故填areexpected。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：尽管这一纪录有所下降，但世界平均每秒向空气中排放1075公吨二氧化碳。事情已发生，谓语动词drop用一般过去时。故填dropped。【4

2题详解】考查冠词。句意：尽管这一纪录有所下降，但世界平均每秒向空气中排放1075公吨二氧化碳。用定冠词the，特指空气。故填the。【43题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这项研究的科学家表示，长期排放趋势将受到各国如何推动疫

情恢复计划的严重影响。根据宾语从句谓语power复数形式，宾语从句主语也是复数形式，用可数名词country的复数形式。故填countries。44题详解】考查现在分词。句意：联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯（AntonioGuterres）周二呼吁采取雄心勃勃的气候行动，称2021一定是世界迈向净

零排放未来的一年。本句已有谓语appealed且无连词，动词say用非谓语形式，逻辑主语UNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterres与动词say是主谓关系，say用现在分词，表主动，作状语。故填saying。【45题详解】考查定语从句。

句意：联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯（AntonioGuterres）周二呼吁采取雄心勃勃的气候行动，称2021一定是世界迈向净零排放未来的一年。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是theyear，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填when。【第四部分写作(共

两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，今天是周六，原定于今天上午和你的朋友小明相约去打篮球，但你们班临时安排今天上午去敬老院(NursingHome)开展志愿者活动。请根据以下提示给他写一张留言条表达歉意。内容包括：1)表达你的歉意；2)

阐述爽约的原因；3)再约时间。注意：1)词数80左右。开头已给，不计入总词数；2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearXiaoming,Weplannedtoplaybasketballtogetherthismorning._______

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__________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearXiaoming,Weplannedtoplaybasketballtogethert

hismorning.ButIfeelsosorrytotellyouthatIwillhavetobreakmypromise.Thismorning,whenIwasreadytoleavehome,Igotaphonecallf

rommyteacherthatourclasswouldgotodovolunteerworktohelptheoldpeopleinNursingHome.Iwishyouwouldacceptmyapologiesandunderstandmysituatio

n.Besides,Iwouldappreciateitifyouwouldliketoplaybasketballwithmenextweekend.Wishyouagoodtimethismorning!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表

达属于应用文。要求考生就“你们班临时安排今天上午去敬老院(NursingHome)开展志愿者活动，所以今天上午无法和你的朋友小明相约去打篮球”一事写一张留言条表达歉意；内容包括：1)表达你的歉意；2)阐述爽约的原因；3)再约时间。【详解】1.词汇积累违背诺言：breakone’sp

romise→gobackonone’swords帮助：help→assist理解：understand→makesenseof此外：besides→what’smore2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：ButIfeelsos

orrytotellyouthatIwillhavetobreakmypromise.拓展句：However,Ifeelsosorry,becauseIwillhavetobreakmypromise.【点睛】【高分句型1】ButIfeelsosorrytotellyouthatIwillh

avetobreakmypromise.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】Thismorning,whenIwasreadytoleavehome,Igotaphonecallfrommyteachertha

tourclasswouldgotodovolunteerworktohelptheoldpeopleinNursingHome.(运用了when引导的定语从句和that引导的同位语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面

材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Petsarealwaysanattractiontopeople,especiallywhenitcomestochildren.DanielandhissisterEllaalwayswantto

havetheirownpets.Oneday,underthepermissionoftheirparents,thebrotherandsisterdecidedtobuyapetdog.Theyheadeddowntothelocalpetstoreandhadalookaround.Itw

asaverysmallpetstorethatdidnothavemanyanimals.Mr.Johnson,theowneroftheshop,wasaniceoldman.Hewalkedoveran

dgreetedDanielandElla.“WhatcanIdoforyou?”heasked.“Wewouldliketobuyapetdog.”Ellaresponded.“Ah,well,wearenotabigpetshop,”Mr.Johnso

ntoldher.“Soweonlyhavetwodogstochoosefrom.”TheyaskedMr.Johnsontoshowthemthedogs.Mr.Johnsonledthemtothebackofthestorewherethetwodogswere.Oneof

themwasaverybigNorwegianElkhoundnamedBuddha.Itlookedstrongandfierce.TheotherwasaverytinyPapillonnamedHiccup.Itlookedcutea

ndlovely.EllawantedthetinyHiccup,whileDanielwantedBuddha.Tomakeadecision,theywalkedoutsidetodiscuss.

Evenaftertheyhadadiscussion,theycouldn’tagreeonadog.Ellasuggestedtheyracehomeforit.Thewinneroftheracew

ouldchoosethedog.Danielagreed.Beforetheracestarted,DanieltoldEllathatherleftshoewasbroken.WhenEllalookeddownandrealizedshewascheatedbyherb

rother,Danielhadrunoff.Danielranashardashecould.HereallywantedthatNorwegianElkhoundasapet.Helookedback.Ellawassofarbehindthathecouldn

’tevenseeher.Danielfinallygothome.Hewastiredbuthewashappy.Heknewhewasthewinner.Paragraph1:EllaarrivedafewminutesafterDaniel.________

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_______________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Mr.Johnsontoldthemthatassoonastheyleft,al

ittleboyandhismomcametohisstore.______________________________________________________________________________________

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________________【答案】Paragraph1:EllaarrivedafewminutesafterDaniel.Shelookedangryatfirst,becauseDanielcheatedhert

ogetaheadstart.Danielapologizedforcheatingher,andexplainedthathereallylikedtheElkhound.Ellaacceptedhisapology.Theyreturnedtothepetstoreto

purchaseBuddhatheElkhound.However,whentheyarrivedatthepetstore,theycouldonlyseeHiccupthePapillon.TheyweresurprisedandaskedMr.Johnsonwheretheotherpe

tdogwas.Paragraph2:Mr.Johnsontoldthemthatassoonastheyleft,alittleboyandhismomcametohisstore.ThatboylikedtheElkhou

ndverymuchandboughtitatagoodprice.DaniellookedatElla,andsheheldbackasmile.Bothofthemdidnotexpectthatwouldhappenwithinashorttime.Danielsighed.Heturne

dbacktoMr.Johnson.“Sometimesyouwintherace,butnottheprize!”Danielsaidsadly,andpointedtotheonlydogleft,“we’lltakeher,please.”Carryingthepetd

og,thebrotherandsisterleftfortheirhome.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了丹尼尔和他的妹妹艾拉一直想拥有自己的宠物。有一天，在父母的允许下，兄妹俩决定买一只宠物狗。他们来到宠物店，却就选择

哪只狗出现了分歧，艾拉和丹尼尔比赛谁先到家谁就选狗。结果丹尼尔作弊，先跑了。结果最后店里只剩下了妹妹想要的那只狗。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“艾拉比丹尼尔晚到几分钟。”可知，第一段可描写兄妹二人回去买狗的经过。②由第二段首句内容“约翰逊先生告诉他们，他们刚离开，一个

小男孩和他的妈妈就来到了他的商店。”可知，第二段可描写两人最后选择的狗以及店主的感悟。2.续写线索：艾拉因为丹尼尔作弊晚到——解释——接受道歉——到宠物店——发现想要的狗被买走——店主感悟3.词汇激活行为类返回：return/goback购买：purchase/buy询问：ask/inquire

情绪类生气：angry/annoyed惊讶：surprised/amazed【点睛】[高分句型1]Shelookedangryatfirst,becauseDanielcheatedhertogetaheadstart.(运用了because引导原因状语从句)[高

分句型2]However,whentheyarrivedatthepetstore,theycouldonlyseeHiccupthePapillon.(运用了when引导时间状语从句)听力答案：1-5BCACA6-10CBBBC1

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