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2023届宝山区高考英语适应性练习Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassages

coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword:fortheotherblanks,useonewordtha

tbestfitseachblank.Morningornight?Whichtimeofdaydoyouenjoythemostandaremorementallyalert?（21）______oneyouprefer,thereisanamefor

you.Earlybirdsormorninglarks（云雀）,asyoucanguess,aremorningpeople.Theyhavemoreenergyinthemorningandarehappytogreettheday.（22）______

theyriseearly.theyloseenergyinthelateafternoon.Therefore,morninglarkstendtohitthehayearly.Asmostofsocietyrunsondaylighthours,mor

ninglarksareseenasproductivepeople.Asthesayinggoes:“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.”Nightowlsaretheoppositeofmorninglarks.Thesepeopleh

ave（23）______（little）energyinthemorning.Theywouldrathergetafewmorehoursofsleepthanrisewiththesun.Butontheotherside,n

ightowlscomealiveinthelateeveninghours.Theybecomeenergeticandfindinspirationinthemoonlight.It'snosurprise

（24）______theycantheyupwellintothenight.Whileallbirds（25）______（create）equal,somenightowlswishtheycouldriseearlierIfyouareoneofthe

m,herearesometipstohelpyoucatchthatworm.People（26）______notadjusttheirbedtimesovernight（一夜之间）.Sofartho

senightowlswishingtoriseatdawn,startwitha15-minutechange.Gotobed15minutesearlierthanusualandwakeupthatmuchearlieraswell

.Keepthepatterngoinguntilyoufindyourself（27）______（rise）withthesun.Thoughitmaybechallenging.startyourmorningwithasmuchlightaspossible.Openth

ecurtains.Turnonthelights.Seewhat（28）______differenceitmakesinhelpingyoustartyourday.Tomakethechangefromowltolarkyouneedtobeconsistentandris

eearlyeveryday.Don'tworkhardtoriseearlyduringtheweekonly（29）______（sleep）inonweekends.Pickanhourtowakeup,anddoiteveryday.Forthenightowlsoutt

here,hopefullythesetips（30）______（make）yourmorningsmorebearable.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromth

ebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.associatedB.chargeC.coolingD.deadenE.appliancesF.narrowG.causesH.reflectiveI.r

estrictedJ.typicallyK.unstableHowdoesthunder-snowwork?Thunder-snowisrarebecausetheconditionsthatproducesnowtendtohave

astabilizingeffectontheatmosphere.Inwinter.thesurfaceandlowertroposphere（对流层）arecoldandthereislittlemoisturetoleadtolight

ning.Lightningsuper-heatstheair,whiletherapid31producesthesoundwavesweallthunder.Thunderstormscanforminwinter.buthavediffer

entcharacteristics.Atypicalnormalthunderstormconsistsoftall,32cloudsthatrisefromawarmupdraft（上升气流）leadingfromthesurfaceuptoaround40,000feet.Thu

nder-snowusuallyformswhenlayersofflatsnowcloudsdevelopinstabilityandexperiencedynamiclifting.There33leadtotheinstability.Firstly,a

normalthunderstormattheedgeofawarmorcoldfrontcanrunintocoldair.changingrainintofreezingrainorsnow.Se

condly,whentheflatsnowcloudsbecomebumpyordevelopwhatareusuallycalled"turrets".turretsriseabouttheclouds,makingthetopla

yer34.Thechangecauseswatermoleculesoricecrystalstogainorloseelectrons（电子）Whentheelectrical35differencebetweentwobodiesbecomeslargeenough

,lightningoccurs.Thirdly.acoldairfrontpassingoverwarmerwatercanproducethunder-snow.Thisisthetypeofthunder-snowmostoftense

enneartheGreatLakesornearandocean.Theobviousdifferencebetweenatypicalthunderstormandthunder-snowisthat

athunderstormproducesrain,whilethunder-snowis36withsnow.However,thethunderandlightningofthunder-snowarediffere

nt,too.Snowcan37sound,sothunder-snowthundersoundslowanddoesn'ttravelasfarasitwouldinaclearorrainysky.Normalthundermaybeheardm

ilesfromitssource,whilethunder-snowthundertendstobe38toa2to3mileradiusfromthelightningstrike.Whilethesoundofathundermaybelowered.lightning

flashesareenhancedby39snow.Thunder-snowlightning40appearswhiteorgolden.ratherthantheusualblueorpurpleofthunderstormlightningIII.ReadingComprehens

ionsSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestf

itsthecontext.Owingtotherecentpandemic（流行病）researchershavebeentryingtofindmorewaystokillviruses,andoneresultoftheirworkin

volves41.Ithaslongbeenknownthatultraviolet（UV）（紫外线的）lightcandestroymicrobessuchasbacteriaandviruses.Itisalreadyusedasacleaninga

gentinhospitalsandto42airandwaterbutonlywhenpeoplearen'taround.That'sbecausetherearethreetypesofUVli

ght:UVA,UVBandUVC.andtheyareall43tohumans.UVAandUVBexposurecan44skincancer,whileUVBisresponsibleforsunburns.UVClightismostlyabsorbedbytheEarth'satmos

phere,butitisevenmoredangerous.ArtificialUVClightcanpassthroughtheouterlayerofskinandeyecellsto45thelivingcellsundernea

th.46.thereisatypesofUVClight,knownasfar-UVC.whichdoesnotpassthroughtheouterlayerofcells.Butstudiesofthelong-termeffectsoffar-UVCo

nhumans,47studiesongroupscomprisingmorethan20people,arenotavailable.ResearcherDavidBrennerhashelpeddevelopafar-UVClightthatki

llsvirusesandbacteria.Inanormal-sizedroom,fivelamps48thenumberofmicrobesby98percentinlessthanfiveminutes.Toachieveresultslik

ethisthroughventilation（通风设备）alone,theairwouldhavetobechanged184timesperhour,whichiscurrently49.Evenatlowersettings,thelamp

sstillkilled92percentofvirusesin15minutes.CountriesvaryintheirstandardsforhowmuchUVlightpeopleareallowedtobe50to.Since

Brenner'steamwasoperatingintheUnitedStates,heobservedAmerican51,whicharelessstrictthanthoseofsomecountriessuchasGermany.Bu

tevenworkingwithinGermany'slowerlimitofUVlightexposure,Brenner'slightsstilldecreasethenumberofmicrobes52.Brennerarguesthatusingtheligh

ts,even53Germany'sregulations,wouldlikelyhavereducedthenumberofpeoplewhodiedfromCovid-19.Inthefuture

,far-UVClampsmaybe54inallpublicspaces.Researchershopethatinstallationanduseofsuchlampscouldpreventfuture55.Althoughmoreextensiveresearchneedsto

bedone,thereishopethatthiswillbetheireffect.41.A.electricityB.soundC.lightD.air42.A.cleanB.separateC.produceD.mix43.A.beneficialB.harmfulC.inf

luentialD.essential44.A.turntoB.refertoC.owetoD.leadto45.A.damageB.avoidC.protectD.absorb46.A.MoreoverB.Howeve

rC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile47.A.asmuchasB.asforC.asaresultofD.aswellas48.A.increasedB.explodedC.reducedD.lightened49.A.definiteB.impossibleC.realisticD.s

ensible50.A.extendedB.coveredC.exposedD.warned51.A.standardsB.featuresC.policiesD.orders52.A.permanentlyB.instantlyC.complet

elyD.significantly53.A.designingB.obeyingC.applyingD.experimenting54.A.commonB.unusualC.seldomD.doubtful55.A.lampsB.projectsC.pandemic

sD.diseasesSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfin

ishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninth

epassageyouhavejustread（A）Likemanyinventions,languagetranslatorswereimaginedbywriterslongbeforetheybecamereal.InHugoGernsback's1911novelARomanc

eoftheYear2660.charactersuseavideotelephonethatcantranslateformonelanguagetoanother.Alanguagetranslato

ralsoappearsinMurrayLeinster's1945FirstContact.Inthatstory.humansandcreaturesfromanotherplanetconstructatranslationdevicetogeth

eraftermakingfirstcontactwithoneanother.Theideaofthelanguagetranslatordidn'tbecometrulypopular,however,untilt

he“universaltranslator”appearedintheStarTrekseries,whichdelightedtelevisionviewersinthe1970s.Thatdevicewasuniversalinthesenseth

atitcouldtranslateanylanguagethatitencountered.ThefirstreallanguagetranslatorwasdemonstratedbyengineersfromtheIBMcomp

anyandGeorgetownUniversityin1954.TheirmachinecouldonlytranslateRussiansentencesintoEnglish.Languagetranslatorshavecomealongwaysincethen

.Today,onlinetranslationscanbeaccessedeasilyatnocosttousers.WithtranslationappslikeGoogleTranslateoriTranslate,userssometime

sdon'tevenhavetolookthingsup.Alltheyneedtodoispointtheircellphone'scameraatsomewriting,andatranslationinstantlyappears.Ifuserswantt

otranslatesomethingbeingsaidaloud,theyjustturnontheirphone'smicrophone.Allofthesefeaturessavetimeandeffort.Trans

lationappsmakeforeigntravelmucheasierthanbefore.Theyareinvaluablewhenitcomestocommunicatingwithtaxidriversorhotelstaffwhodon'tspea

katraveler'snativelanguage.Buttheseappsarefarfromperfect.Sometimesatranslationmakesnosense,forcingtheusertoguesswhatthetranslati

onmeans.Atothertimes,theusermightnotknowthatthetranslationhasfaileduntilheorsheshowsittonativespeaker.56.What

doesthearticleimplyaboutlanguagetranslators?A.Theirpartsweretoodifficulttomanufacture.B.Theirlegalstatuswasindoubtforsometime.C.Theirlooksh

avechangedlittleovertheyears.D.Theiroriginscanbefoundinsciencefiction.57.Whatdoesthearticlepointoutaboutonlinetransla

tions?A.They'relongerthannecessary.B.They'reavailablefreeofcharge.C.They'reoffensivetosomepeople.D.They'republishedonsocialme

dia.58.WhichaspectofGoogleTranslateoriTranslatedoesthearticleemphasize?A.Theirunderstandingofclassic

idiomsB.Theirleisurelyapproachtoanalyzingtexts.C.Theirintemalsoftwareandprocesses.D.Theirconvenienceindifferentsituations.59.Howdoesthewriterc

oncludethisarticle?A.Bynotingthatlanguagetranslatorsdon'thaveanycompetition.B.Bydiscussinghowlanguagetranslators

areexpectedtoevolveC.Byexplainingwhylanguagetranslatorsaren'ttotallyreliableD.Bydescribingtheimportantvirtuesoflanguagetranslators（

B）Paula8:45AM.Hiladies.Wehaveanewclientthatjustcalledthismorning.Areeitherofyoufreetotakethejob?Athena8:4

6AM.What'sthelocationofthejob?Andwhatistheclientexpecting?Paula8:47AM.Mrs.HunterlivesattheintersectionofMapleStreetandGiver

sRd.Shehasafairlylarge3500squarefoothouse,andwouldlikesomeonetocomefor5.6hourseachweek,preferablyonaMon

day,tocleanit.Athena8:48AM.Sorry,that'stoofarformetogo.AndIalreadyhavearegularclientintheafternoonsonMondays.Julie

8:49AM.Icanprobablydoit.Idon'thaveanyclientsonMondaysatthemoment.Athena8:50AM.Makesureyounegotiatethehourswithher.Or

letherknowhowmuchyoucanphysicallycleanin5.6hours.Julie8:51AMIthinkit'dbefine.I'msureshe'snotexpectingonepersontocleantheentirehouseinthosehours.Pa

ula8:52AMIcancallherbacktogetsomemoredetails.It'salwaysbettertomakesurebothpartieshavethesameexpectation

s.Julie8:53AMOK.BothofyouhavewaymoreexperiencethanmesoI'lldefinitelylistentoyouradvice.Paula8:54AMJulie,I'llletyouknowwhenI'veta

lkedtoher.Youmighthavetocallheryourselflater,too.60.Whatcouldthenameofthiscompanybe?A.DriversforHireB.MaidServicePlusC.AccountantsRUsD.ToysToysToys6

1.WhatadvicedoesAthenagiveJulie?A.Lettheclientknowherage.B.Clarifyworkloadandworkinghours.C.Givetheclientapieceofhermind.D.Haveanhonestconver

sationwiththeclient.62.WhatislikelyPaula'srole?A.She'stheorganizer.B.She'sthenewhire.C.She'sinthemarketingdepart

ment.D.She'sinthetechnologydepartment.（C）Dothecolorsthatsurroundyouinfluencehowyoufeel?Canthecolorsonyo

urwallsandonyourclothesaffectyourmoods?Someresearchersbelievetheanswerisadecisiveyes,whileothersaren'tsosure.Yetmanymarketers,interiordesigners,med

icalprofessionalsandothersswearbyaninformalfieldofscienceknownascolorpsychology.Colorpsychologyisdefinedas“thestudyofhowthecolorsweperceiv

eimpactourthoughtsandfeelings.”Marketersusethescienceofcolortopersuadeustobuythings.Whenchoosingpaint,fumitureandwallart,interiordesigner

sactonthetheorythatcolorscanarousecertainfeelingsinus.Dentistsareoftenadvisedtouselightbluepaintontheirofficewallst

ohelpcalmapprehensivepatients.Weshouldkeepinmind,though,thatonlybyconsideringculturalpreferencesareweabletofullyun

derstandthescienceofcolor.Forinstance,intheWest,whiteisforbridesandblackisforfunerals.ButinancientAsia,

whitewassometimeswornforfunerals.InJapanyellowrepresentscouragewhileintheUnitedStates,itrepresentshap

piness.Additionally,manyvariablesincludinggender,age,backgroundandmoremustbeconsideredbeforemakingcolorassumptionswhenoneisstudyingtheeffectsofcolor

.Aftertakingcolorvariableintoaccountit'ssafetoconsidersomemainstreamtheoriesaboutspecificcolorsandtheirmeanings.Herearejustafew:Redsymbolizeslove,

energy,passionanddanger.Redisalsobelievedtoincreaseone'shunger,whichmightbethereasonwhyMeDonald'sandCoca-Colachoseredast

heirmajorbrandingcolor.Brown,acolorfromnature,bestrepresentsthingsthatarehonest,trustworthyanddependable.Itsee

msaperfectfitasthebrandingcolorforthepackagedeliverycompanyUPS.Blue-inadditiontorepresentingpeaceandcalm-alsomeansintegrityandcompe

tence.It'snosurprisethatPayPalandAmericanExpressbothuseblueastheirbrandingcolor.Green-anothercolorfromnature-rep

resentshealth,growthandfreshnessandistheperfectbrandingcolorforStarbucks.Pinksymbolizeslove,romance,innocenceandfemininity（女性特质）.The

populardollcompanythatmakesBarbieusespinkasitsmajorbrandingcolor.Ifcolorpsychologyadvocatesarecorrect,thenouremotionsanddecisionsaretrulyinfluencedby

thecolorsaroundus.Withthisknowledge,wecaneffectivelyharness（驾驭）colorpowertocreatepositiveschool,workandhomeenvir

onments.63.Whatdoesthephraseswearbyinthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.deeplybelieveB.somewhatdoubtC.deeplyinvestigateD.stillwish64.Whatisthewri

ter'spurposeoftakingwhiteandblackasanexampleinthepassage?A.Tostatethatculturalpreferencesaredecisivefact

orsincolorpsychology.B.Toshowdifferentcultureshavedifferentpreferencesfordifferentcolors.C.Toprovewhiteandblackrepresentcompletediffe

rentthingsindifferentcountries.D.Toremindweshouldtakecultureintoaccountwhenlearningthescienceofcolor.65.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat__

_____.A.colorpsychologyisinfluencingouremotionsanddecisionsB.colorpsychologymayhelpusmakecorrectdecisions

inlifeC.colorpsychologyisanuncultivatedfieldinmodernscienceD.colorpsychologyhasbeenrecognizedthroughouttheworld66.Whatwouldbethepropertitleforthepas

sage?A.Thepositivesandnegativesofcolorpsychology.B.Thefoundationandfunctionofcolorpsychology.C.Thepotent

ialeffectsofcoloronourlivesD.TherelationshipbetweencolorandmanSectionCSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapro

persentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Robots

areplayinganimportantroleinalmosteverywherenowadays.B.Somefoundersarelendingahand-arobotichand-intheformofserverrobots.C.Perhapsyou'rewonderingabou

tissuessuchasthecostandsafetyfactors.D.Workersareafraidofbeingreplacedbyrobotsinthefuture.E.Nowrobotsarefindingahom

einthefoodserviceindustry.F.ServerrobotscomeinseveraldifferentvarietiesRobotsusedtobefoundonlyinsciencefiction.Inthe1960s,thean

imatedspace-agefamilytheJetsonshadaroboticmaidwhocoulddohouseholdchores.Inthe2014movieBigHero6,therobotB

aymaxcoulddiagnoseandhealillnessesinstantly.Inrealliferobotsfunctioninmanymanufacturingandhouseholdsituations.（Thinkworker

sintheautomobileindustry,robottoypetsandvacuumcleaners.）Inthefiledofmedicine,robotpatientshelptraindoctorsandnursesbyp

retendingtheyhaveavarietyofhealthconditions.67Theglobalpandemicandresultingeconomiccrisishavecreatedalackofrestaurantworkers.Sincerestaurantsdon'

thaveenoughworkers,theremainingstaffmustworkharder.Regardless,customersfacelongerwaittimes,fewermenuchoicesandhigherprices.68T

heserobotsarenotexactlymodeledafterRosey,theJetsons'robotichouseholdservant,buttheyareprettyclever（andveryc

ute）.69Manyhaveadesignthatlookslikearollingcart.OnemodelnamedBellaevenhasacutecat-likeface.ManyarefairlyshortandshapedlikeR2D2ofStarWarsfame.Theya

redesignedtodeliverdishestoregularcustomersinarestaurant.Theyarealsojusttherightheightforcustomerstoeasilyreachthem.Re

staurantownersarefindingserverrobotsidealforperformingrepetitivetasks,howevermanythereare.Theycannotonlydelive

rdeliciousfoodtoperformingrepetitivetasks,howevermanythereare.Theycannotonlydeliverdeliciousfoodtohungrycustomers.butalsogetbackdirtydishesattheen

dofthemeal.70Concerningtheprice.aserverrobotcostsfromafewthousandtoseveralthousanddollars.Andin2021,arestaurantevenrented

oneforaslowasUSS15perday.Regardingsafety,specialsensorsontherobotskeepthemfromcrashingintocustomers.Becausetherearen'tenoughresta

urantworkers.fillingpositionswiththeseroboticserversisano-brainer.Don'tbesurprisedifyouseeonerollinguptoyou

rtablesoon.IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepa

ssageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.IKEA,knownaroundtheworldasasupplieroffumitureandotherhomegoods,istakingstepstoprotectt

heenvironment.By2030IKEAplanstobeacircularbusiness,onewhoseproductscanallbereusedorrecycledratherthanthrownaway.Toac

hievethisgoal,thecompanyisredesigningallofitsproducts.Howcanitdesignproductsthatwilllastlongerandheeasiertofixandthatpeoplecanrecycle

whentheyarefinishedwiththem?Byansweringthesequestions.IKEAhopestoimprovethesustainabilityofitsbusines

smodel.IKEAwantspeopletobeabletorepairitsproductsratherthanthrowthemawaywhensomethinggoeswrong.Toaccomplishthatgoal,thecomp

anyisstandardizingtheparts,materialsandcolorsthatituses.Thismeansthatifapartneedstobereplaced,itwillbeeasytofind.InthepastIKEAhasonlyofferedsparepart

sforsomeproducts;nowitisgreatlyexpandingthenumberofsparepartscustomerscanpurchase.Thismakesitfeasibleforcustomerstorepairtheirownfurniture

.IKEAisalsoredesigningthepartsofitsproductsthataremostlikelytowearoutquickly.Toextendthelifeofitsproducts.IKEAistryingtomaketheirmaintena

nceeasier.Itisalsomakingitsproductseasiertotakeapartandtransport,sothefumnitureislesslikelytobreakwhenbeingmovedorchanginghands.Someti

mespeoplereplacetheirfumiturenotbecausethereissomethingwrongwithit,butbecausetheirneedshavechanged.SoIKEAisalsotryingtohelppeoplekee

pfumitureforalongertimebymakingiteasytomodify.Somepiecescanbeexpandedorreducedinsizeasfamilymembersandguestsco

meandgo.Othershavecoversthatcanbeexchangedfordifferentlook.Butevenwithalltheseefforts,itislikelythatcertainproductswilleventuallynolonger

beusable.Atthatpointtheycanberemanufactured-thepiecesreassembled（重新组装）intosomethingnew-orrecycled.AndIKEAis

designingproductsmaketheseprocesseseasier.Thecompanyisalsoworkingtoreducewasteinotherareas,suchaspackagingandfoodwastefromrestaur

antsinsideitsstores.TheseeffortstoreducethenumberofIKEAproductsthatareabandonedandthrowninlandfillswillhelpcreateamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyeco

nomy.V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.这个方案还有争议，我们还是再深入讨论一下

吧。（controversial）73.尽管你已经新冠“阳康”几天了，也不能马上剧烈运动的。（recover）74.既要防疫，又要备考，这对我们2023届高三毕业生来说，真的是巨大的挑战。（notonly…butalso…）75.每

每想起上周那次小组合作学习活动，他都会情不自禁的笑，因为他觉得大家的表现的确都太逗了。（eachtime）VI.GuidedWriting76.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtot

heinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.学校学生会准备为文学社、英语社、体育社、艺术社等各社团招募新成员。假如你是其中一个社团的负责人，请你写一篇宣传稿介绍你们社团的情况。

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