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专题01阅读理解（文学概论）2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考Ⅰ卷）GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79

,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays（60%）Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay

4=20%GroupAssignments（30%）Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments（作业）duringthecourse.Alltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddateth

roughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/

Homework（10%）Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritings

ortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecare

fulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompleted

athome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.

Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwrit

ingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Anex

ampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.22.Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two.B.Three.C.Fo

ur.D.Five.23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbe

givenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.一、母题分析GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C

;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays（60%）Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1

=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%GroupAssignments（30%）Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments（作业）duringthecourse.Alltheassignment

swillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritings

andTests/GroupWork/Homework（10%）Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwriti

ngsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduring

class.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhic

hwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thd

ayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeacce

pted.框架结构文学概论评分政策：GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature；GradingScale；Essays（60%）；GroupAssignments（30%）；DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsan

dTests/GroupWork/Homework（10%）；LateWork分析主要看标题以及黑体小标题，大致可以得出下列几个结论：1.文章主要讲述文学概论评分标准的相关政策2.政策包括以下几点：①得分大致分为ABCDE五个档次；②评分内容包

括三个部分，Essays（占比60%）；GroupAssignments（占比30%）；DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework（占比10%）3.延迟交作业会有相对应的措施。Gradin

gScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays（60%）Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartof

thegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%GroupAssignments（30%）Studentswillworki

ngroupstocompletefourassignments（作业）duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlac

kboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.主要内容及关键词讲述论文以及小组任务的评分政策：mainpartofthegradeforthiscourse；fourassignments；Studentswillwor

kingroupstocompletefourassignments（作业）duringthecourse；Blackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem分析注意其中的细节关键

词，如“mainpart”“thiscourse”“fourassignments”以及三种任务提交方式“Blackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem”。DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupW

ork/Homework（10%）Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwri

tingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass

.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothof

whichwillbegraded.主要内容及关键词日常作业/课堂写作和测试/小组作业/家庭作业的评分细则：shortin-classwritingsortests；takecarefulnotes；groupwork；shortassi

gnments分析需要注意其中的关键词，如学生在课堂上需要做小组任务（groupwork），而回家就需要做短期作业（shortassignments）。LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllos

ealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclas

swillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.主要内容及关键词延迟交作业的几个结果：Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedat

e,itwillearnazero；willbeaccepted分析注意延迟比较作业后两个的零分的情况以及一个可以接受的情况。二、命题规律GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays（60%）Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainp

artofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%GroupAssignments（30%）Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments（作业）duri

ngthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-Class

WritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework（10%）Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndir

ectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionall

y,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmitted

inclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftert

heduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbe

accepted.21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.命题规律及备考建议命题规

律1.考察文章出处。可以根据大标题以及黑体小标题大致判断出文章属于什么类型，也就是之前分析的文章的框架结构和关键词：GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature；Gr

adingScale；Essays（60%）；GroupAssignments（30%）；DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework（10%）；LateWork2.正

确选项C设置：文章结构的综合归纳。GradingPolicies；themainpartofthegradeforthiscourse；LateWork→Acourseplan3.错误选项设置①原文重点词汇的错误归纳。原文用

“Essays（论文）”以及“GroupAssignments（小组作业）”，选项用“textbook（课本）”，原文关键词跟textbook有一定的相关性，但textbook忽略了文章大标题“GradingPolicies（打分政策）

”。②原文关键词把控错误。原文用“In-ClassWritingsandTests（课堂写作和测试）”，选项用“exampaper”，这个错误选项也有原文的干扰来源，但是原文说的课堂学做和测试都是作为文学课程打分

的一个依据。文章除了考试这个依据以外，还有家庭作业、小组任务以及论文。③信息的错误转换。原文用“majoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscours

e”，选项用“academicarticle（学术文章）”。原文用课程、论文来作为打分依据，而选项中学术文章是对原文的理解过于片面。备考建议文章出处的题型多关注文章结构、标题、数据等信息，牢牢抓住关键词以把握文章主要思想。Gradin

gPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays（60%）Your

fourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%Gr

oupAssignments（30%）Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments（作业）duringthecourse.Alltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheass

igneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTest

s/GroupWork/Homework（10%）Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassigne

dreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Addi

tionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbeg

raded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftert

heduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.22.

Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.命题规律及备考建议命题规律1.考察文章细节。文学概论评分主要包含三个板块：GradingPoliciesforIn

troductiontoLiterature；GradingScale；Essays（60%）；GroupAssignments（30%）；DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework

（10%）2.正确选项B设置：对原文小标题的细节把控，学生总分等于论文的60%+小组作业的30%+以及日常作业的10%3.错误选项设置①设置可能的干扰信息。②设置可能的干扰信息。原文用“Essay1=10%;Essay2

=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%”，学生可能会选出选项中的“Four”。③设置干扰信息：学生可能会数五个小标题得知是5个或者是原文的“90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.”这五个等级。备

考建议答题抓住题干关键词，如本题题干是“finalgrademadeupof”，而不是“Gradingscale”，学生审题时要格外小心陷阱干扰信息。LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedate

willlosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcomplete

dduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitan

essayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhav

etorewriteit.命题规律及备考建议命题规律1.考察段落细节。延迟交作业时的措施：Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero；willbeaccepted。主要还是之前分析的两个得零分的情况还有一种

可接受的情况。2.正确选项A设置：题干关键词与原文的信息同义转换。原文用“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero”，题干是“one

weekaftertheduedate”，说明题干正好和原文关键句一致，超过截止日期四天以上将得0分3.错误选项设置①原文信息的移花接木。原文用“Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealette

rgrade”，选项用“losealettergrade”，选项和原文信息不一致。②对原文信息东拼西凑。原文用“completeshortin-classwritingsortests”表达日常作业的评分细则，

和题干不匹配，选项用“givenatest”，完全是东拼西凑。③原文信息的错误挖掘。原文用并未提及重写这个相关信息，选项用“havetorewriteit”，此处错误选项进行了错误的推断。备考建议答题时注意抓住题干关键词，将题干关键词定位到原文相关信息。如本题，只要锁定题干关键词“oneweek

aftertheduedate”，就可以快速定位到原文“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.”，科直接得出答案。总结应用型说明文常见的解题方法：1.关键词定位法高考试题中，应用文的题目设置常常是就某一点提问，以细节

理解题为主，故考生准确快速的锁定信息非常关键。即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。当问题与材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。要注意根据所提问

题采用寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组标出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回原文当中定2.积累

该文体常见话题词汇和话题词汇的缩写形式由于应用文中常常出现大量的缩写词和一些生词，这就要求同学们平时要在老师的指导下，有意识地尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语。例如：表时间，路程，数量：am=morning，pm=afternoon，Mon=Monday，Jan

.=January，hr=hour，hrs=hours，P.W.=perweek，ml=mile，doz=dozen，Max=maximum，Min=minimum表通信和影视设备：Te1.=telephonenumber，Ph.=phone表媒体：VOA=Voiceof

America，BBC=BritishBroadcastingCorporation表学历、职业：MA=MasterofArts，BSdegree=bachelor’sdegree(学士学位)，prof.=professor，Dr.=

doctor，VIP=veryimportantpersons表国家、组织、地点：theUSA=theUnitedStatesofAmerica，thePRC=thePeople’sRepublicof

China，WTO=WorldTradeOrganization，co.=company，Add(r).=address，Sta=Station，Mt=Mountain表方向：s=south，n=north，w=west，e=east其他：Lid=Limited

，P=page，pop=popular，Xmas=Christmas，info=information，ad=advertisement，vs=versus，PC=personalcomputer等等。3.熟悉各种省略句省略词和省略句在应用文阅读材料中大量出现，对于影响语境理解

的省略情况，我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。例如：Driverwanted.根据文意，可将该句补充为＂Adriverwillbewanted.(招聘一名司机。)＂。4.排除法排除法在应用文阅读中也应用得较多，即排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。

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