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2024年高考英语二轮复习测试卷（三）（新高考Ⅱ卷）全析全解（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每

小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分

30分）注意回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所

给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．WhatwillJackprobablydothisweekend?A．Gocam

ping.B．Visitafriend.C．Watchafilm.【答案】C【原文】W:Jack,areyougoingcampingwithyourfriendsthisweekend?M:Itdepends.Ifit’ssunny,we’llgo.W:Thewea

thermansaysit’sgoingtorain.M:Inthatcase,we’llgotothecinemainstead.2．Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A．Takecare

ofherbags.B．Packthefoodforher.C．Checkthetrainschedule.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme,couldyoumindmybagsforamoment?Iwanttobuysomefoodattheconveniences

tore.M:Noproblem.Butbequick.Itwasannouncedthatmytrainwouldarrivein10minutes.3．WhenwillthemanseeBob?A．ThisFriday.B．ThisSaturday.C．NextMonday.【答案】B【原文】

W:BobcameoutofhospitallastFriday.Haveyougotachancetovisithim?M:IplantoseehimthisSaturday.W:Aren’tyou

goingtotheconferencethen?M:No.IthasbeenrescheduledfornextMonday.4．Whydoesthemanapologize?A．Fortheterriblefood.B．Fortheovercharge

.C．Forthewaiter’srudeness.【答案】B【原文】M:Sorry,Miss.Wemadeaterriblemistakeaddingupthebill.Hereisthetendollarswehavetoreturn

toyou.W:Oh,Ididn’tnoticethat.It’sOK.Don’tblamethewaiter.He’sbeenreallynice.5．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Writingabook.B．Holdingace

lebration.C．Buyingapresent.【答案】C【原文】W:DoyouthinkweshouldgetSteveabookforthenewyear?M:Booksaregood.ButStevewouldn’ttakejustanybook.Hehashadthis

particularoneongeography.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应

位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．WhydoesSaramakethephonecall?A．Toaskforadvice.B．Toarrangeanouting.C

．Tocancelanappointment.7．WhatdoesDavidwanttodo?A．Gotoadinnerparty.B．TalktoSarainperson.C．Workonthenewcase.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】M:Hello

,Sara.W:Hello,David.Ican’tcomefordinnertonight.Sorry.M:Oh,whathappened?W:We’vegotanewcaseandthingsgetprettycrazyhereintheoffice.M:We

ll,thenI’llcometoyou.W:No,no,nottonight.LetmeseeifIcanarrangeanothernight.M:Sara,please.Weneedtotalk.It’saboutmyjob.W:Thentellmeontheph

one.M:No,it’sbetterifwedoitinperson.Howabouttomorrownight?W:I’mnotsure.Youcangivemeacalltomorrowafternoon.M:OK.听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。8．WhereisJimnow?A．In

ataxi.B．Onabus.C．Inhisoffice.9．Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A．Goingtothecitycenter.B．Takingashortcuthome.C．MeetingJiminthepark.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】W:Jimwillc

allonusthisafternoon.Doyouknowwhereheisnow?M:Er...wait.Letmesee.Hehassenttwomessagessayingthathe’sdonewithhi

sworkattheofficeandgotataxiand...andhe’llarriveintwentyminutes.W:Wecan’tkeephimwaitingoutsideourhome.Wehavetohurry.M:Butitta

kesatleasthalfanhourtogettothecitycenterbybus.Lookatthetraffic.W:Let’sgetoff.Wecansaveatleasttwentyminutesbywa

lkingthroughthepark.M:Areyousure?W:Yes.Ahundredpercent.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10．WhatdidClaradoattheweekend?A．Sheplan

tedvegetables.B．Shewenttoayardsale.C．Shevisitedhergrandpa.11．WhatdidMarkfindinsideoneofthebookshebought?A．Aplaneticket.B．Afa

milyphoto.C．Apostcard.12．WheredoesMarklive?A．LosAngeles.B．Chicago.C．Philadelphia.13．WhatistherelationshipbetweenMarka

ndAshley?A．Brotherandsister.B．Husbandandwife.C．Fatheranddaughter.【答案】10．C11．A12．C13．A【原文】W:Morning,Mark.M:Morning,Cl

ara.Howwasyourweekend?W:Great.Iwenttomygrandpa’s.Heinvitedustopickvegetablesonhisfarm.Mydaughterhadagreattimethere.Whataboutyo

u?M:Oh,Ihadatrulyincredibleexperience.IdroppedbyayardsaleonSaturdayandgotseveralbooks.W:Novels?M:Anovel

andtwopoetrycollections.AsIleafedthroughthenovel,apieceofpaperfellout.Itwasanairticketfrom2012.TheflightwasfromLosAngelestoChicago

andthenameontheticketwasAshleyLouis.W:Wasit?M:Yes.Ashley,mysister.In2012,shelivedinLosAngelesandherhusbandworkedinChicago

.Bothofthemoftenflewbetweentwocities.Iaskedthesellerwherehegotthebook.Hesaiditwasboughtatasecond-handbookstoreinLosAngelesthreey

earsago.Lastyear,heandhisfamilymovedfromLosAngelestoPhiladelphia.W:So,allthewayacrossthecountry,your

sister’soldbooklandedinyourhands.That’sreallycrazy.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatisprobablythewoman?A．Ateacher.B．Ajournalist.C．Anath

lete.15．WhatdoesVictorfinddifficultasamemberofthebasketballteam?A．Adaptinghimselftotheintensetraining.B．Deali

ngwiththepressurefromthecoach.C．Regainingtheskillslearnedinhighschool.16．WhatdoesVictorsayabouttheplayersontheteam?A．Theyareofthesameage.B．

Theyaresimilarincharacter.C．Theyarefromdifferentcountries.17．HowdoesVictorfeelabouthisteamnow?A．It’sabouttobreakup.B．It’sthebes

tinIndiana.C．It’sgettingstronger.【答案】14．B15．A16．C17．C【原文】W:Victor,you’vebeenhereinIndianaforsixweeksnow.Howareyoufeeling?M:IthinkI’ve

gotusedtocollegelife,goingtoclasses,workingoutandhangingoutwithmyfriends.Thoughthere’spressuretomeetdeadlines,lifehereisneverb

oring.W:What’sbeenhardaboutbeinganIndiananbasketballplayer?M:Well,thetrainingisverycompetitive,weightliftingandrunningeveryday.It’snotl

ikehighschool.Inhighschool,Ireallydidn’thavetodothat.I’mjusttryingtogetusedtoit.AndIthinkIam.W:Atthispoi

nt,howdoyouseeyourselffittingintothisgroup?M:Ithinkwe’realldifferent.GeorgeisfromBritain.ChrisandLeoarefr

omAustralia.I’mfromFrance.AndtherestareAmericans.ButIgetalongwitheverybody.Youknow,wearereallystartingtobond.It’sgreattoseehowwegroweachdayasat

eam.W:Thanks,Victor.IwishyouaveryhappyandfruitfulstayinIndiana.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．WhoisTomHokinson?A．Founderofamagaz

ine.B．Publisherofanovel.C．Editorofanewspaper.19．WhatdoweknowaboutthecontentofTheIdler?A．It’sold-fashioned.B．It’swide-ranging.C．It’sstudent-targ

eted.20．Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A．Todoapromotion.B．Todiscussanissue.C．Tointroducealecturer.【答案】18．A19．B20．A【原文】W:Goodevening,dearlis

teners.Whenwasthelasttimeyouenjoyedleisureactivities?Doyouwanttoliveafullandhappylife?Today,I’mgoingtointr

oducetoyouamagazinethatfeaturestheartofliving.TheIdlerwaslaunchedbyTomHokinson,backin1993.Withtheintenti

onofprovidingabitoffun,freedomandachievementinthebusyworld,itisnowpublishedbimonthly.Ineveryissue,youwillfindan

interestingmixofinterviewsandessaysonthegoodlife,history,philosophy,artsandfashionphotography.Youwillfindmuchtolaughatandmuchusefuls

tuffaswell,fromrecipesformakingbacontoguidestohousekeeping.Ifyoueverfeltthatthereismoretolifethanboringj

obs,thenwhynotsubscribetoit?TheIdlerisacheeringreadthatmakesyoufeelbetteraboutlife.Youcandownloadtheapplicationandsubscribetod

aytogetyourfirstissuefree.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt’sanewageandyouneedtoreinventy

ourself.Herearesomeinspiringbookstoreadthatarewovenintomycreativity,businessandmarketinghabits.SteallikeanArtistThisbookbyAustinKleonexplainsthatyou

don’tneedtobeagenius,youjustneedtobeyourself.That’sthemessagefromAustin,ayoungwriterandartistwhoknowsthatcreativityiseverywhere,c

reativityisforeveryone.StealLikeanArtistisaguidewhosepositivemessage,graphiclookandillustrations,exercises,andexampleswillputreadersdirec

tlyintouchwiththeirartisticside.TheOneThingThisinspirationalbookbyGaryKellerrevealsthepoweroffocusingonyour“onething”.HisNewYorkT

imesbestsellingbookshavesoldmorethan2millioncopies.Healsorevealsthe“One”thingthatmadeKellerWilliamsRealty,Inc.,oneofthelargestreal

estatecompaniesintheworld.Whatwasthat?ItwaswritingabookthatpositionedhimandhiscompanyastheauthorityinrealestateintheUSA．DotheWor

kThisshortbutpowerfulandinspiringbookbyStevenPressfieldwasrevealingaboutaproblemthatmanyofushave—havingalotofgr

eatideasbutnotdoingthework.ThisbookledtomyadoptingtheMantra“Doneisbetterthanperfect”.TheLeanStartup:HowRelent

lessChangeCreatesRadicallySuccessfulBusinessesThedigitalagehasturnedalmosteveryaspectofourworldonitshe

ad.Thisextendstoourpersonallivesandhowwedobusiness.TheauthorEricRiesprovidesascientificapproachtocreatingandmanagingsuccessfulstartupsinanage

whencompaniesneedtoinnovatemorethanever.Ifoundthisagreatbooktochallengemythinkingandgrowmybusiness.21．Whatisre

quiredtobecreativebasedonAustinKleon?A．Tohavesometalent.B．Tobepositive.C．Toreadmanybooks.D．Toactnaturally.22．Whore

ferstooneofthelargestrealestatecompaniesintheworld?A．AustinKleon.B．GaryKeller.C．StevenPressfield.D．EricRies.23．Ifyouwanttoputyourthinkingtot

hetest,whichbookbestsuitsyou?A．TheOneThingB．DotheWorkC．TheLeanStartupD．SteallikeanArtist【答案】21．D22．B23．C【解析】这是一篇应用

文。文章作者向读者推荐四本鼓舞人心，有利于人们创意的书。21．细节理解题。根据SteallikeanArtist中“ThisbookbyAustinKleonexplainsthatyoudon’tneedtobeageni

us,youjustneedtobeyourself.That’sthemessagefromAustin,ayoungwriterandartistwhoknowsthatcreativityiseverywhere,cr

eativityisforeveryone.(AustinKleon的这本书告诉我们，你不需要成为天才，你只需要做你自己。这是Austin传达的信息，他是一位年轻的作家和艺术家，他知道创造力无处不在，创造力适合每个人。)”可知，基于AustinKleon的创意需要自身本能地

行动。故选D项。22．细节理解题。根据TheOneThing中“Healsorevealsthe‘one’thingthatmadeKellerWilliamsRealty,Inc.,oneofthelargestrealestatecompaniesin

theworld.(他还揭示了使KellerWilliamsRealty,Inc.成为世界上最大的房地产公司之一的‘一件事’。)”等内容可知，提到世界上最大的房地产公司之一的作者是GaryKeller。故选B

项。23．细节理解题。根据最后一段TheLeanStartup中“Ifoundthisagreatbooktochallengemythinkingandgrowmybusiness.(我发现这是一本很棒的书，可以挑战我的思维，发

展我的业务。)”可知，如果你想测试一下你的思维，就选择TheLeanStartup。故选C项。BWhenreading,mymotherlikestosliceaparagraphorasentenceoutanda

ttachittothewallofherkitchen.Shepicksboringsentencesthatpuzzleme.ButIprefercopyingfavoritebrightlinesintoajournalinsoft,grayN

o.2pencil,wordbyword.Shedoesn’tknowanyofthis.There'snothingshocking:forourchatting.weseldombegincertainconversationsthoughwetalkonthe

phoneweekly,sometimesmakingeachotherlaughsohardthatIchokeandshecries.Butwhatwedon'tsaycouldfilluprooms.Fightswithmyfat

her.Smallfailuresinschool.Anythingthatreallyupsetsus.Mymotherhasnevertoldme“Iloveyou,Lisa.”—asifthefour-wordab

senceexplainswhoIam—soIcarryitwithme,likealabelonme.Thelasttimeshealmostspokethewordswastwoyearsago,whenshecalledtot

ellmeafriendhadbeeninhospital.Isaid,“Iloveyou,Mom.”Shestoppedforawhileandthensaid,“Thankyou.”Ihaven'tsaiditsince,butI

'vewonderedwhymymotherdoesn'tuntilI'vefoundapoemthatsupplieswordsfortheblankspacesItrytounderstandinourconversations:Don’tfilluponbread.Isaya

bsent-mindedly.Theservingsherearehuge.Myson,middle-aged,says:Didyoureallyjustsaythattome?Whathedoesn’tknowisthatwhenwe’rewalkingtogether

,Idesiretoreachforhishand.It'shumble,yetheartbreaking.Aftercopyingitdowninmyjournal,Iemailedittomom,adding“Thispoemmakesmeth

inkofyou.”Mymotherdoesn’treadpoetry—oratleast,shedoesn’ttellme,andIfeltnervousclicking“Send”.Shenevermentionedthe

poem.ButthenexttimeIwenthomeforvacation,Inoticedsomethingnewinthekitchenfixedtoanantiqueboard:thepoem.Theboardhungabovetheheat

er,thewarmestspotinthekitchen.Thepoemstillhangsthere.NeithermymothernorIhaveeverspokenaboutit.24．What'sthefunctionofparagraph1?A．Tostressthetheme

.B．Toestablishthesetting.C．Torepresentthecharacters.D．Tocreatetheatmosphere.25．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemother

daughterrelationship?A．Shaky.B．Distant.C．Reserved.D．Intense.26．Whydidtheauthorsendthepoemtohermom?A．Itremindedherofmom'slove.B．Shewantedtoap

ologizetomom.C．Itsuitedmom'stasteofliterature.D．Sheneededaninterpretationfrommom.27．Whatdoesthepoemmeantomom?A．Amemoryofgoldendays.B．Daughter’s

gratefulnesstoher.C．Adecorationintheplainkitchen.D．Daughter'sunderstandingofher.【答案】24．C25．C26．A27．D【解析】这

是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和母亲对于表达爱时的关系，母亲的内敛和寡言少语让作者很不理解，但是最终一首诗让作者意味着女儿对她的理解。24．推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenreading,mymotherlikestosliceaparagraphorasentenceout

andattachittothewallofherkitchen.Shepicksboringsentencesthatpuzzleme.ButIprefercopyingfavoritebrightlinesintoajournalinsoft,grayNo.2pencil,wordby

word.”（读书的时候，我妈妈喜欢剪下一段或一个句子，贴在厨房的墙上。她挑了一些无聊的句子让我迷惑不解。但我更喜欢用柔软的灰色2号铅笔把我喜欢的明亮线条逐字逐句地抄在日记本上。）可推知，第一段的作用是来展示人物性格特征。故选C项。25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“

Mymotherhasnevertoldme“Iloveyou,Lisa.”—asifthefour-wordabsenceexplainswhoIam—soIcarryitwithme,likealabelonme.Thelasttimeshealmo

stspokethewordswastwoyearsago,whenshecalledtotellmeafriendhadbeeninhospital.Isaid,“Iloveyou,Mom.”Shestoppedforawhileandthensaid,“Thankyou.””（

我妈妈从来没有对我说过“我爱你，丽莎。”——仿佛这四个字的缺席说明了我是谁，所以我随身携带着它，就像身上的标签一样。她最后一次差点说出这句话是在两年前，当时她打电话告诉我一个朋友住院了。我说：“我爱你，

妈妈。”她停了一会儿，然后说：“谢谢。”）可推知，“寡言少语的，内敛的”是最能描述母女关系的。故选C项。26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Aftercopyingitdowninmyjournal,Iemailedittomom,adding“Thi

spoemmakesmethinkofyou.””（我把这首诗抄在日记里，用电子邮件发给了妈妈，并补充说：“这首诗让我想起了你。”）可知，作者把这首诗寄给她的妈妈是因为这让她想起了妈妈的爱。故选A项。27．细节理解题。根据第三段中“

Ihaven'tsaiditsince,butI'vewonderedwhymymotherdoesn'tuntilI'vefoundapoemthatsupplieswordsfortheblankspacesItrytounderstandinourconversat

ions.”（从那以后，我再也没有说过这句话，但我一直在想，为什么母亲一直不说，直到我找到了一首诗，为我在谈话中试图理解的空白提供了词汇。）可知，这首诗对妈妈意味着女儿对她的理解。故选D项。CCanyouimaginegettingatoothpulledoutorot

hermajordentalprocedureswithoutpain-killer?Ascientistcolleagueofmineuseda“focusin”techniqueinsteadofrequestingpain-killeratthedentist.Eachtimethede

ntisttouchedthetooth,mycolleaguefeltbubblesofjoy,andthislasteduntilthedentistinterruptedbyasking,“Whyareyousmiling?”Afairquestionat

thispointiswhyanyonewouldwanttobefullyawareofintenseorpainfulprocedures.Butwhatmaysoundlikeapunishingchoic

e—todirectlyfacehurtorsuffering—mayinsomeinstancesbebeneficial.Astreamofscientificarticlessuggeststhatth

erearebenefitsinturningtowarddiscomfortornegativeemotionswithacceptance.Inaddition,allofuscangainfromfindingwaystocopewit

hstressandsuffering—particularlywhenlargercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Asaresearcherwhohasstudiedmeditation(冥想)formorethan20years,Ib

elievethatthedevelopmentofcalmness,acentralelementofcertainmindfulnessmeditationpractices,canhelp.I’mnotadvoca

tingforpeopletoputthemselvesindangerousorpainfulpositions.Butwhenwepushourselvesintochallengingorconfusingsituations,muchliketrainers

whopushathletesjustpasttheircomfortzonetomakegains,learningoftenhappens.Indeed,a2022studywithmorethan2,000peopledemonstratedthatth

oseparticipantswhowerepubliclyencouragedtopushthemselvesintoawkward,uncomfortablesituations—includingtakingclassestoboostself-confiden

ceandreadingaboutopposingviewpoints—laterreportedthegreatestdegreeofpersonalgrowth.Myownresearchindicatesthatmeditationprovidesan

idealwaytopracticeturningtowarddiscomfort-particularlywhenittrainsupone’scalmmind.Peoplewhoreportedhigherleve

lsofcalmnessreportedlesspsychologicaldistress(困扰).Rightnowpeoplearehurtingformanyreasonsandlookingforwaystocope.Withoutquestion,therearemanyim

portantstepsweneedtotakecollectivelytorespondtothesechallenges.Butwecaneachbuildourabilitytorecoveronapersonallevelaswellbycultivatinggreate

racceptanceofourexperience—goodorbad,painfulorpleasant—inthepresentmoment.28．TheauthorusesthefirstquestioninParagraph1to________.A．introducethe

topic.B．illustrateanargument.C．highlightanopinion.D．promoteapain-killer.29．Whatisthebenefitofturningtowardsdiscomfortandn

egativeemotions?A．Ithelpsinavoidingsufferingfully.B．Itincreasespsychologicaldistress.C．Itleadstopersonalgrowth.D．Itpromotes

asenseofcalmness.30．Whatistheauthor’sviewonputtingoneselfindangerousorpainfulpositions?A．Theauthorencouragesitasawayt

oimprovefitness.B．Theauthordiscouragesitduetoitspotentialharm.C．Theauthorbelievesitisnecessaryforpersonalgrowth.D．Theauthorre

commendsittothoseconfusedtrainers.31．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TurningTowardsDiscomfort:MyExperienceofStayingStressfulandSuccessf

ulB．ExpandingComfortZones:TheDifferenceBetweenDiscomfortandCalmnessC．MindfulnessandMeditation:TheToolsforDealingwithStressandSufferingD．Cultivatin

gCalmness:TheBenefitsofMindfulnessinEnjoyingDentalOperation【答案】28．A29．C30．B31．C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了正念冥想可以帮助我们应对压力和痛苦。28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Canyouimaginegetti

ngatoothpulledoutorothermajordentalprocedureswithoutpain-killer?(你能想象在没有止痛药的情况下拔牙或进行其他主要牙科手术吗？)”和第二段中“Astreamofscient

ificarticlessuggeststhattherearebenefitsinturningtowarddiscomfortornegativeemotionswithacceptance.Inaddition,allofuscangainfromfindi

ngwaystocopewithstressandsuffering—particularlywhenlargercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Asaresearcherwhohasstudiedm

editation(冥想)formorethan20years,Ibelievethatthedevelopmentofcalmness,acentralelementofcertainmindfulnessmeditationpractices,canhelp

.(一系列科学文章表明，接受不适或负面情绪是有好处的。此外，我们所有人都可以从找到应对压力和痛苦的方法中获益——特别是当更大的情况超出我们的控制范围时。作为一名研究冥想20多年的研究人员，我相信，作为某些正念冥想

练习的核心元素，冷静的发展会有所帮助)”可推知，作者在第一段提出这一问题是为了引出文章主题——正念冥想有助于应对压力和痛苦。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Indeed,a2022studywithmorethan2,000pe

opledemonstratedthatthoseparticipantswhowerepubliclyencouragedtopushthemselvesintoawkward,uncomfortablesituations—includingt

akingclassestoboostself-confidenceandreadingaboutopposingviewpoints—laterreportedthegreatestdegreeofpersonalgrowth.(事实上，2022年一项针对2000多人的研究表明，那些被

公开鼓励让自己陷入尴尬、不舒服的境地的参与者——包括参加课程来增强自信和阅读相反的观点——后来报告称个人成长程度最高)”可知，面向不适和负面情绪的好处是它会带来个人成长。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I’mnotadvocatingforpeopleto

putthemselvesindangerousorpainfulpositions.(我并不是提倡人们将自己置于危险或痛苦的境地)”可知，作者并不提倡将自己置于危险或痛苦的境地，因为这会存在危险。故选B。31．主旨大意题

。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Astreamofscientificarticlessuggeststhattherearebenefitsinturningtowarddiscomfortornegativeemotionswithacceptance.Inaddition,allofusc

angainfromfindingwaystocopewithstressandsuffering—particularlywhenlargercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Asaresearcherwhohasstudiedmeditation(冥想)form

orethan20years,Ibelievethatthedevelopmentofcalmness,acentralelementofcertainmindfulnessmeditationpractices,canh

elp.(一系列科学文章表明，接受不适或负面情绪是有好处的。此外，我们所有人都可以从找到应对压力和痛苦的方法中获益——特别是当更大的情况超出我们的控制范围时。作为一名研究冥想20多年的研究人员，我相信，作为某些正念冥想练习的核心元素，冷静的发展会有所帮助)”可知

，文章主要介绍了正念冥想可以帮助我们应对压力和痛苦，C项“正念和冥想：应对压力和痛苦的工具”适合作文章标题。故选C。D“Fewarticleschangeownersmorefrequentlythanclothes.They

traveldownwardsfromgradetogradeinthesocialscalewithremarkableregularity,”wrotethejournalistAdolpheSm

ithin1877ashetracedacoat’sjourneyinthelastcentury:cleaned,repairedandresoldrepeatedly;cutdownintoasmalleritem;

eventuallyrecycledintonewfabric.Butwiththeimprovementinpeople’slivingstandards,thatmodelismind-bogglinginthe

eraoffastfashion.TheaverageBritishcustomerbuysfouritemsamonth.Anditisreportedthat350,000tonnesofusedbutstil

lwearableclothesgotolandfillsintheUKeachyear.Yetthegradualrevivalofthesecond-handtradehasgatheredpaceinthepastfew

years.AtfashionwebsiteAsos,salesofvintageclothes(古董衫)haverisenby92%.Clothingwasoncewornoutofnecessity,andnowitissimplyawayoflife.Bus

yfamiliesselluseditemsoneBay,teenagerstradeonDepopandsomefashionpeopleofferdesignerlabelsonVestiaire

Collective.Strikingly,ithasbecomebigenoughbusinessthatmainstreamretailers(零售商)wantasliceoftheaction.Forsomebuyersandsellers,theswitchtothes

econd-handisbornoffinancialdifficulties.Onlyafewhavebecomeworriedabouttheimpactoftheirshoppinghabitontheplanet.Buttheshiftisonlyapartialsolution.

Somepeopleworrythatsomemainstreambrandsmay“greenwash”—usingsecond-handgoodstoimprovetheirimage,ratherthanen

gagingmoreseriouslywithsustainability.However,thebiggestconcernmaybethatpeoplekeepbuyingbecausetheyknowth

eycanresellgoods,stillchasingthepleasureofthenextpurchasebutwithaneasedconscience(愧疚).Boohoo,apowerfulfastfashioncompany,hasse

ensalesandprofitsrise,despiteconcernsaboutenvironmentalproblemsinitssupplychainthatledtoaninvestigationlastyear.AnewNetflixseries,W

ornStories,documentstheemotionalmeaningsthatclothescanhave:Eacholditemisfullofmemories.Actually,ahandbagfromagrandmothera

ndascarfpassedonbyafatherarebothvaluableforus.Aloveofstyleisnotabadoranunimportantthing.Butacommittedrelati

onshipisbetterthanaquickflash.Canwelearntoappreciateourownoldclothesaswellasothers’?32．Whatdoestheword“mind-boggli

ng”underlinedinparagraph1probablymean?A．Unbelievable.B．Popular.C．Reasonable.D．Influential.33．Withthebusine

ssmentionedinparagraph2,theauthorwantstoshow_______.A．oldclothesaremorepopularthannewpiecesB．theonlinesecond-handmark

etsareboomingC．thefashionworldbeginstofavorvintageclothesD．manyclothingbrandsareinnovativeintheirnewproducts34．Howdoesthesecond-hand

tradeimpactpeopleaccordingtoparagraph4?A．Itmakespeoplefeelfreetopursuefastfashion.B．Itmakespeoplemorecautiousabouttheirbudgets.C．Itencouragesp

eopletochooseeco-friendlyclothes.D．Itpushespeopletobemoreengagedwithsustainability.35．WhichofthefollowingviewsdoesWornStoriesadvocate?A．Ol

ditemshavelostfavorwiththepublic.B．Olditemsareworthyofbeinglongcherished.C．Oldergenerationsattachgreatimportancetoolditems

.D．Oldergenerationscareaboutthequalityoftheirclothes.【答案】32．A33．B34．A35．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与从前反复使用衣服的模式不同，现在大家往往追逐快时尚，造成了很大浪费，不过网上二手市场正在蓬勃发展，但只有少

部分人是真的认识到了自己的购物习惯对地球的影响，而且一些主流品牌有可能会借此机会来“洗绿”，很多人有可能会继续购买。文章指出，虽然追求风格无可厚非，但是学会欣赏旧衣服实际上是很有意义的。32．词句猜测题。根据划线词的上文

“ashetracedacoat’sjourneyinthelastcentury:cleaned,repairedandresoldrepeatedly;cutdownintoasmalleritem;eventual

lyrecycledintonewfabric(他追溯了一件大衣在上个世纪的历程：反复清洗、修理和转售；缩为成更小件的；最终被回收制成新的织物)”可知，以前的衣服会被反复多次使用，再结合表示转折意义的“But”和划线词的下文“TheaverageBritishcustome

rbuysfouritemsamonth.Anditisreportedthat350,000tonnesofusedbutstillwearableclothesgotolandfillsintheUKeachyear.(英国消费者平均每月购买四件

商品。据报道，英国每年有35万吨用过但还能穿的衣服被送往垃圾填埋场)”可知，现在情况和以前不同，衣服更迭速度很快，很多衣服被浪费了。由此可知，以前衣服循环使用的模式在现在快时尚的时代是令人难以置信的，划线词意思应该与unbelievable“令人难以置信的”一致。故选A项。3

3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“AtfashionwebsiteAsos,salesofvintageclothes(古董衫)haverisenby92%.Clothingwasoncewornoutofnecessity,andnowit

issimplyawayoflife.BusyfamiliesselluseditemsoneBay,teenagerstradeonDepopandsomefashionpeopleofferdesignerlabelsonVest

iaireCollective.Strikingly,ithasbecomebigenoughbusinessthatmainstreamretailers(零售商)wantasliceoftheaction.(在时尚网站Asos，古着的销量增长了92%。衣服曾经是出于需要而穿，现在它只是一种生活

方式。忙碌的家庭在eBay上出售二手物品，青少年在Depop上交易，一些时尚人士在VestiaireCollective上出售设计师品牌。引人注目的是，它已经成为一个足够大的业务，主流零售商也想分一杯羹)”可知，网络二手交易销量增长，不同的人群在不同的平台交易二手衣服

，主流零售商甚至也想参与其中。由此推知，作者是想说明网上二手市场正在蓬勃发展。故选B项。34．细节理解题。根据第四段中“However,thebiggestconcernmaybethatpeoplekeepbuyingb

ecausetheyknowtheycanresellgoods,stillchasingthepleasureofthenextpurchasebutwithaneasedconscience(愧疚).(然而，最大的担忧可能是，人

们继续购买，因为他们知道他们可以转售商品，仍然在追求下一次购买的乐趣，但良心上有所放松)”可知，二手交易业务让人们有了处理已购商品的方法，解除了购买不必要衣服的愧疚感，可以继续购买衣服，即让人们可以自

由地追求快时尚。故选A项。35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“AnewNetflixseries,WornStories,documentstheemotionalmeaningsthatclothescanhave:Eacholditemisfullofmem

ories.Actually,ahandbagfromagrandmotherandascarfpassedonbyafatherarebothvaluableforus.(Netflix的一部新剧《旧衣往事》记录了衣服的情感含义：每一件旧衣服都充满了回忆。其实，祖母送的手提包

和父亲送的围巾对我们来说都很有价值)”可知，这部剧表明旧衣服具有情感含义，充满回忆，富有价值。由此推知，它主张的是“旧东西值得长期珍藏”。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

HowtomastertrickyconversationsatworkManyofusstruggletosaywhatweneedtoatwork.Whetherit’saskingforapayriseorfacingac

o-workerovertheirbehaviour,theseconversationscanbedifficulttohavewithouttheotherpersongettingangry.36.Here’smytipsonhowtotackleyournextdifficultconve

rsation.PlanFirst,youneedtoplanwhatyou’regoingtosay.37.Writedownwhatyouwantoutoftheconversationandbeclearonw

hatyouwanttohappenasaresult.Forexample,youmaydecide:“Iwanttogetanagreementondeadlinesforthisprojectandaclearoutlineofwhowillberespo

nsibleforeachtask.”PrepareThesecondthingyouneedtodoiswritedownthekeymessagesyouwanttogetacrossintheconversation.38.Remembertospeakslowly,breathe.Ifyo

uareparticularlynervous,rehearse(排练)whatyouplantosayinfrontofafriendsoyouknowyouarecomingacrossasyouwishto.BeempatheticFinally,putyourselfinth

eotherperson’sshoes—howeverannoyingthatpersonmightbe.Theuselessbosswhonevergivesyoufeedbackissimplystrugglingwithherownworklo

ad.39,themorewecanplanhowtoworkwiththemtowardsasuccessfuloutcome.Whenyouhavetheconversation,don’tgetblind-sided

byfasttalkers.Ifthepersonyou’respeakingtostartstoavoidblameoryourquestioning,askthemwhattheirpartisinallofthisandwhattheycantakeresponsibilityfor.

40.Andfinally,ifyoufeelunderpressure,remembertorespondslowlyratherthanreactingquickly.A．PractisesayingthemoutloudB．Startwiththeendresult

inmindC．ThelanguageyouuseisalsoimportantD．Themorecarefulyou’rewiththelanguageyouuseE．Themorewecanunde

rstandtheotherperson’sworldviewF．Tomanageyouremotionsduringadifficultconversation,breathedeeplyG．Butnotbeingabletohave“thatconversation”can

holdyoubackinyourcareer【答案】36．G37．B38．A39．E40．F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在工作中掌握棘手的对话的方法。36．根据上文“Manyofusstruggletosaywhatweneedtoatwork.Whetherit’saskin

gforapayriseorfacingaco-workerovertheirbehaviour,theseconversationscanbedifficulttohavewithouttheotherpersonge

ttingangry.(我们中的许多人都很难说出我们在工作中需要什么。无论是要求加薪还是面对同事的行为，这些对话都很难在对方不生气的情况下进行。)”以及后文“Here’smytipsonhowtotackleyournextdifficultconversation.(下面是我的建议，教你

如何应对下一次棘手的对话)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出无法进行上文提到的对话，后文给出建议。故G选项“但是不能进行‘那种对话’会阻碍你的职业发展”符合语境，故选G。37．根据上文“First,youneedtoplanwhatyou’

regoingtosay.(首先，你需要计划你要说什么)”以及后文“Writedownwhatyouwantoutoftheconversationandbeclearonwhatyouwanttohappenasaresult.Forexam

ple,youmaydecide:“Iwanttogetanagreementondeadlinesforthisprojectandaclearoutlineofwhowillberesponsibleforeachtask.”(写下你想从谈话中得到什么，并明

确你想要的结果。例如，你可能会决定：“我想在这个项目的最后期限上达成一致，并明确规定谁将负责每项任务。”)”可知，后文提到了明确想要的结果，即以结果为出发点。故B选项“以最终结果为出发点”符合语境，故选B。

38．根据上文“Thesecondthingyouneedtodoiswritedownthekeymessagesyouwanttogetacrossintheconversation.(你需要做的第二件事是写下你想要在对话中传达的关键信息。)”以及后文“Remembertosp

eakslowly,breathe.Ifyouareparticularlynervous,rehearse(排练)whatyouplantosayinfrontofafriendsoyouknowyouarecomingacrossasyouwishto.(记住说慢点

，呼吸。如果你特别紧张，那就在朋友面前排练一下你打算说什么，这样你就知道你给人的印象是你想说。)”可知，上文提到了写下信息，可知本句是说接下来要开始练习要说的内容。故A选项“练习大声说出来”符合语境，故选A。39．根据后文“themorewe

canplanhowtoworkwiththemtowardsasuccessfuloutcome.(我们就越能计划如何与他们一起取得成功。)”可知，后文提到了计划取得成功，说明本句是要互相理解。且E选项中Themore与后文themore构成the+比较级

，the+比较级句型。故E选项“我们越能理解对方的世界观”符合语境，故选E。40．根据上文“Whenyouhavetheconversation,don’tgetblind-sidedbyfasttalkers.Iftheperso

nyou’respeakingtostartstoavoidblameoryourquestioning,askthemwhattheirpartisinallofthisandwhattheycantakeresponsibilityfor.(当你和别人交谈时，不要被那

些语速很快的人弄得措手不及。如果和你谈话的人开始逃避责备或你的问题，问问他们在这一切中扮演了什么角色，他们可以承担什么责任。)”以及后文“Andfinally,ifyoufeelunderpressure,rememberto

respondslowlyratherthanreactingquickly.(最后，如果你感到有压力，记住反应要慢，而不是反应要快。)”可知，上文提到不要被那些语速很快的人弄得措手不及，可知本句是在建议如何应对艰难的谈话。故F选项“在一场艰难的谈话中，要控制自己的情绪，深呼吸”符合语境，故选F

。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ithoughtmylifewasoverwhen

IfoundIwasinanairlesshospitalroomandmyspine(脊柱)wasbrokenaftera(n)41.Icouldn’tbelieveIwouldn’tbecomeafamous42andtookitoutonthosearoundme.Afterf

ourmonths,Ilearnedhow43itwastogetaroundinawheelchairbutIwastoo44toaskforhelp.ButIgraduallyrealizeditwouldkeepmeawayfrompeopleandexperiencesI45.S

owhenmyhighschoolcoach,Bob,askedmetocoachthegirls’volleyballteam,I46.Alsoencouragedbyhim,Icompetedinwheelchairsports,4

7nineteeninternationalwheelchairmarathonsand48forCanadainthe1984Olympics.ShortlyaftertheOlympics,I49,dislocatingmyshoulders.Th

atinjurywasawake-upcall,andItriedto50mylifewithoutbeinganathlete.IknewIwantedtotravelanddosomething51.SotheManinMotionTour,aimingtoraiseaware

nessofthepotentialofpeoplewith52,wasborn.Itwasabig53.Wehadhopedtoraise$lmillion.Butthetotalwasa(n)54$2

4million,providedtospinalcordinjuryresearchandwheelchairsportsprograms.Lookingback,Irealizethataccidentbeganajourneytoa

ccomplishmentsbeyondmydream.Mylifewas55over...ithadactuallyjustbegun.41．A．flightB．accidentC．defeatD．adventure42

．A．professorB．consultantC．operatorD．athlete43．A．hardB．commonC．unnecessaryD．flexible44．A．frightenedB．co

nsiderateC．proudD．intelligent45．A．fearedB．followedC．encounteredD．loved46．A．quitB．believedC．acceptedD．hesitated47．A．promot

ingB．winningC．watchingD．organizing48．A．cheeringB．competingC．strugglingD．training49．A．crashedB．recoveredC．appearedD．moved50．A．emptyB．shareC．

pictureD．celebrate51．A．similarB．urgentC．traditionalD．meaningful52．A．disabilitiesB．dreamsC．ranksD．mistakes53．A

．concernB．successC．connectionD．challenge54．A．normalB．strangeC．importantD．amazing55．A．farfromB．allbutC．atmostD．infact【答案】41．B42．

D43．A44．C45．D46．C47．B48．B49．A50．C51．D52．A53．B54．D55．A【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一场事故之后脊柱受伤，但依然开始了一段超越自我的旅程，重新找到了人生的意义的过程。41．考查名词

词义辨析。句意：当我发现我在一间没有空气的病房里，我的脊柱在一次事故中折断时，我以为我的生命结束了。A.flight航班；B.accident事故；C.defeat击败；D.adventure冒险。根据前文的“myspine(脊柱)wasbrok

enafter”和后文的“Irealizethataccidentbeganajourneytoaccomplishmentsbeyondmydream”可知，“我”的脊柱在一次事故中折断。故选B项。42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信自己不会成为一名著名的运动员，于是把气撒在周围

的人身上。A.professor教授；B.consultant顾问；C.operator操作员；D.athlete运动员。根据前文的“IthoughtmylifewasoverwhenIfoundIwasin

anairlesshospitalroomandmyspine(脊柱)wasbroken”可知，“我”的脊柱在一次事故中折断时，所以不会成为一名著名的运动员。故选D项。43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四个月后，我了解到坐着轮椅四处走动有多么困难，但我太

骄傲了，不愿寻求帮助。A.hard困难的；B.common普通的；C.unnecessary不必要的；D.flexible灵活的。根据后文的“itwastogetaroundinawheelchairbutIwastoo4toaskforh

elp.”可知，我需要帮助，所以坐着轮椅四处走动是困难的。故选A项。44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四个月后，我了解到坐着轮椅四处走动有多么困难，但我放不下自尊，不愿寻求帮助。A.frightened吓坏了的；

B.considerate体贴的；C.proud自尊的；骄傲的；D.intelligent聪明的。根据前文的“itwastogetaroundinawheelchairbutIwastoo”和后文“toaskforhelp”可知，虽然“我”坐着轮椅四处走动有困难，但“我”放不下自尊，所以不愿

寻求帮助。故选C项。45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我逐渐意识到这会让我远离我喜欢的人和经历。A.feared害怕；B.followed跟随；C.encountered遇到；D.loved喜欢。根据前文的“Afterfourmonths,Ilearnedhow3itwastogetar

oundinawheelchairbutIwastoo4toaskforhelp.”和前文“keepmeawayfrompeopleandexperiences”可知，“我”坐着轮椅四处走动有困难，但“我”放不下自尊，不愿寻求帮助，所以逐

渐意识到这样做会让“我”远离我喜欢的人和经历。故选D项。46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当我的高中教练鲍勃邀请我执教女子排球队时，我接受了。A.quit退出；B.believed相信；C.accepted接受；

D.hesitated犹豫。根据前文的“ButIgraduallyrealizeditwouldkeepmeawayfrompeopleandexperiencesI5”可知，“我”逐渐意识到这会让“我”远离“我”喜欢的人和经历，所以当高中

教练鲍勃邀请“我”执教女子排球队时，“我”接受了。故选C项。47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样在他的鼓励下，我参加了轮椅运动，赢得了19场国际轮椅马拉松比赛，并代表加拿大参加了1984年奥运会。A.promoting促进；B.winning赢得；C.watching观看；D.organizin

g组织。根据前文的“Icompetedinwheelchairsports”和下文“nineteeninternationalwheelchairmarathons”可知，“我”参加了轮椅运动，并赢得了19场国际轮椅马拉松比赛。故选B项。48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样在他的鼓

励下，我参加了轮椅运动，赢得了19场国际轮椅马拉松比赛，并代表加拿大参加了1984年奥运会。A.cheering欢呼；B.competing竞争；C.struggling挣扎；D.training训练。根据后文的“forCanadainthe1984Olympics.”可知，“我”代表加拿

大参加了1984年奥运会。competeforCanada“代表加拿大参赛”。故选B项。49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥运会后不久，我摔倒了，肩膀脱臼了。A.crashed倒下，摔倒；B.recovered康复；C.appeared出现；D.moved感动。根据后文的“

dislocatingmyshoulders”可知，“我”肩膀脱臼了，所以可以推测出“我”摔倒了。故选A项。50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那次受伤给我敲响了警钟，我试着想象自己没有成为运动员的生活。A.empty倒空；B.share分享；C.picture想象，设想；D.ce

lebrate庆祝。根据后文的“mylifewithoutbeinganathlete.IknewIwantedtotravel”可知，“我”试着想象自己没有成为运动员的生活，最后决定去旅行。故选C项。51．考查形

容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我想去旅行，做一些有意义的事情。A.similar相似的；B.urgent紧急的；C.traditional传统的；D.meaningful有意义的。根据后文的“SotheManinMotionTour,

aimingtoraiseawarenessofthepotentialofpeoplewith12,wasborn.”可知，旨在提高人们对残疾人潜力的认识的“运动中的男人”之旅应运而生，这是“我”最后决定做的有意义的事情。

故选D项。52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，旨在提高人们对残疾人潜力的认识的“运动中的男人”之旅应运而生。A.disabilities残疾；B.dreams梦想；C.ranks排名；D.mistakes错误。根据后文的“Wehadh

opedtoraise$lmillion.Butthetotalwasa(n)14$24million,providedtospinalcordinjuryresearchandwheelchairsportsprograms.”可知，筹款用于脊髓损伤研究和轮椅

运动项目，所以“运动中的男人”之旅旨在提高人们对残疾人潜力的认识。故选A项。53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个巨大的成功。A.concern关注；B.success成功；C.connection连接；D.challenge挑战。根据前文的“Wehad

hopedtoraise$lmillion.Butthetotalwasa(n)14$24million,providedtospinalcordinjuryresearchandwheelchairsportsprograms.”可知，筹款的

数量远超预期，所以这是一个巨大的成功。故选B项。54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但总额高达惊人的2400万美元，用于脊髓损伤研究和轮椅运动项目。A.normal正常的；B.strange奇怪的；C.important重要的；D.amazing令人惊喜的。根据前文的“Wehadhope

dtoraise$lmillion.”和后文“$24million”可知，筹款的数量远超预期，所以这是惊人的。故选D项。55．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我的生命远未结束……它实际上才刚刚开始。A.farfrom远非；B.allbut乎；C.atmost最多；D.i

nfact事实上。根据后文的“ithadactuallyjustbegun”可知，我积极帮助他人，我的生命实际上才刚刚开始，所以我的生命远未结束。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。KatalinK

arikóandDrewWeissman,whohavebeenworkingfordecades56(find)waystousegenetic(基因的)materialcalledmessengerRNA,ormRNA,tomakemedicines,havewonthe2023

NobelPrize.TheyhavediscoveredthatchangingachemicalbuildingblockofmRNAcankeeptheimmunesystem(免疫系统)57destroyingt

hematerialandhaveenabledittoattackvirusesinstead.Theypublishedtheirworkin2005andtheirdiscovery58(fundamental)changedourunderst

andingofhowmRNAinteractswithourimmunesystem.In59(add),theworkspedupvaccinedevelopmentduringoneofthegreatestthre

atstohumanhealthinmoderntimes.60(speak)toreportersatPennsylvaniaUniversityonMonday,Weissmansaidtheyhadtoover

comemanydifficulties.“ButKarikólitthematch61thenwespentmorethan20yearsfiguringouthowtogetittowork,”Weissmansaid.Karikó

hadtoovercomeevenbigger62(challenge).She63(force)toresignfromPennsylvaniaUniversityandwentfromonelow-payingresearchjobtoanotherandevenslep

tinherofficeattimes.Butshenevergaveup.Thefirstprizeinthecategorywasawardedin1901.Ofthe227people64workhasbeenrecognizedw

iththeprize,Karikóisthe65(thirteen)womanamongthem.【答案】56．tofind57．from58．fundamentally59．addition60．Speaking61．and62．challenges63．wasforced64．who

se65．thirteenth【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2023年诺贝尔奖获得者KatalinKarikó和DrewWeissman及其研究成果。56．考查非谓语动词。句意：KatalinKarikó和DrewWeissman几十年来一直致力于寻找利用信使R

NA（或称mRNA）的遗传物质制造药物的方法，他们获得了2023年诺贝尔奖。分析该句成分可知，此处表示目的，应用所给动词的不定式，作目的状语。故填tofind。57．考查介词。句意：他们发现，改变mRNA的一种化学成分可以阻止免疫系统破坏这种物质，从而使其

能够攻击病毒。keep...fromdoingsth意为“阻止……做某事”，为固定搭配。故填from。58．考查副词。句意：他们在2005年发表了他们的研究成果，他们的发现从根本上改变了我们对mRNA如何与免疫系统相互作用的理解。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此

处修饰动词changed，作状语，故用所给形容词的副词形式fundamentally。故填fundamentally。59．考查名词。句意：此外，在现代人类健康面临的最大威胁之一期间，这项工作加速了疫苗的开发。根据该空前的介

词In可知，所填词为名词构成固定短语inaddition“此外”。故填addition。60．考查非谓语动词。句意：Weissman星期一在宾夕法尼亚大学对记者说，他们必须克服许多困难。根据句意“Weissman在会见记者时说……”可知，动词speak和

逻辑主语Weissman之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，表示伴随动作。首字母应大写，故填Speaking。61．考查连词。句意：“但是Karikó点燃了火柴，然后我们花了20多年的时间来弄清楚如何让它工作

，”Weissman说。根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系，故用并列连词and。故填and。62．考查名词复数。句意：Karikó必须克服更大的挑战。challenge为可数名词，根据下文提到的各种困难可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填challenges。63．考

查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：她被迫从宾夕法尼亚大学辞职，从一份低薪的研究工作换到另一份，有时甚至睡在办公室里。根据空后的并列谓语可知，此处用一般过去时，又因为force与she之间存在被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表

示单数意义。故填wasforced。64．考查定语从句。句意：在227位获奖者中，Karikó是第13位女性。分析句子结构可知，该空在此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是people，从句中缺少定语，且work与people构成所属关系，故此处用whose来引导。故填

whose。65．考查序数词。句意同上。根据句意“Karikó是第十三位获此殊荣的女性”可知，这里用序数词thirteenth。故填thirteenth。第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）学校英文报正举办题为“BeinganHonestStudent”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括

：1.诚信的重要性；2.如何做诚信的学生。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。BeinganHonestStudent_________________________

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_________________________________【参考范文】BeinganHonestStudentAsfarasweknow,honestyisoneofthevirtuesoftheChinesenation,whichisplayingavi

talroleinourlife.Withouthonesty,itisimpossibletogettrustandrecognitionofothers,letaloneachievinganything.Wecandosomethingtobeanhoneststuden

t.Tobeginwith,it’sofgreatsignificancetobehonestwithourteachers.Ifmeetingwithdifficultiesinstudy,we’resupposedtoaskthemforhelp

.Secondly,weshouldstrictlyobservetheexaminationregulations.Onlybyshowingourrealgradescanweknowthedirectionofournexteffort.Lastbutnotl

east,weshouldalwayskeepourpromisestoanyoneelse.It’sthebasisforbuildingharmoniousrelationshipwithothers.【解析】本文是应用文。要求考生以“Being

anHonestStudent”为题，写一篇短文投稿。1.词汇积累首先：tobeginwith→atfirst非常重要的：ofgreatsignificance→verysignifiant应该：besupposedto→should基础：basis→foundation2.

句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Secondly,weshouldstrictlyobservetheexaminationregulations.拓展句：Secondly,weshouldstrictlyobservetheexamin

ationregulations,whichisveryimportant.【点睛】【高分句型1】Asfarasweknow,honestyisoneofthevirtuesoftheChinesenation,w

hichisplayingavitalroleinourlife.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Ifmeetingwithdifficultiesinstudy,we’resupposedtoaskthemf

orhelp.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)【高分句型3】Onlybyshowingourrealgradescanweknowthedirectionofournexteffort.(only+状语位于句首，句子用部分倒装)第二节（满

分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Whenouryoungestsisterwasborn,mylittlebrotherTomwassixandIwaseight.Ihadalwaysbeenthe“BigSister”andhehadalw

aysbeen“TheBaby”.Oursister’sarrivalwasacompletesurprisetobothofus.Inthosedaysnooneworriedmuchaboutsiblingrivalry(兄弟姐妹间的较劲),andno“expert

s”toldushowtodealwithanotherchildinthehouse.Wehadwiseandlovinggrandpaandmom,however.Iwasexcitedaboutthebabyandlovedtohold

herandhelpcareforher.Tom’sfeelingswerequitedifferent!Hejustlookedatherandleft,preferringtospendtheeveninginhisroom.WhenIwenttohi

sroomtotalktohimandtrytogethimtoplaygameswithme,hejustlookedaway.“Whydidtheyhavetogetthatbaby?”Tomasked.Laterthatnight,Grandpacameovertosee

thenewbaby.Asheheldher,hesaidtoTom,“Youknow,she’salotlikethebabylambI’mraisingonthebottle.Ihavetotakecareofherandf

eedheroften,justthewayyourmomdoeswiththebaby.”Tomsaid,“I’dratherhavethelamb.”Grandpaheardandsaid,“Well,ifyou’dratherhavealamb,maybewe

couldtradeyourlittlesisterforit.I’llgiveyouadaytothinkitover,andifyoustillwanttotradetomorrow,we’lldoit.”IthoughtIsawhimwinkatMom,butIknew

ImusthavebeenmistakenbecauseGrandpaneverwinkedatanyone.AfterGrandpaleft,MomreadtoTomforalongwhile.Tomkeptlookingatthebaby,andMoma

skedhimtoholdourlittlesisterwhileshewenttothebathroom.WhenMomcameback.Tomwasgentlytouchingthebaby’ssmoothblackhair,andasheheldherhand,shetoo

kholdofhisfinger.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。“Mom,look!She’sholdingmyhand!”Tomsmiled._______________________________________

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_____________________________________________________________________________________“She’sadayoldernow.Ithinkshe’swort

hfivelambsnow,”Tomsaid.__________________________________________________________________________________________

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__________________________【参考范文】“Mom,look!She’sholdingmyhand!”Tomsmiled.“Sure,sheknowsyou’reherbrother,”Mo

msmiled.Heheldthebabyformoreminutes,andseemedmuchhappieratbedtime.Thenextday,TomandIspentmuchofthedaywatchingthebabybathe,w

atchinghersleepandholdingher.Thatevening,whenGrandpacamebackandaskedTomwhetherhewasreadytotrade,Tomlookedsu

rprisedthatGrandpahadrememberedthebargain.HebegantoworrythatGrandpawouldtakeoursisteraway.She’sadayoldernow.Ithinkshe’swort

hfivelambsnow,“Tomsaid.Grandpalookedshocked,andsaidhehadtothinkitover,Anxious,TomwenttoMom’sroomandheldthebabyforlong.Thenextday,Grandpavisitedus

andtoldTomhewaspreparingfivelambs.Tomtookadeepbreathandsaid,“Thebabyisworthfiftylambsnow!”Annoyed,Grand

paanswered,“Ican’taffordfiftylambs.Iguessyou’llhavetokeepherandhelpyourparentslookafterher.”Tomsmiled

,andthistimeIreallydidseeGrandpawinkatMom.【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的最小的妹妹出生时，作者的弟弟汤姆六岁，作者八岁。作者能够照顾小妹妹，而汤姆对这个小妹妹却显示出了排斥。一

天爷爷来看望小妹妹，汤姆对爷爷说“我宁愿要羔羊，也不要小妹妹”。爷爷听到后说:“好吧，如果你想要一只小羊羔，也许我们可以用你的小妹妹来换它。”我给你一天时间考虑，如果你明天还想交易，我们就交易。爷爷走后，妈妈让汤姆照顾他

的小妹妹。1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容““妈妈，看!她握着我的手!”汤姆笑了。”可知，第一段可描写汤姆更愿意照顾小妹妹了，那天晚上，爷爷问起了交易的事情，汤姆很担心妹妹被带走。②由第二段首句内容“她现在大了一天。我想她现在值五只羊羔了

。”可知，第二段可描写汤姆与爷爷对交易的“讨价还价”，最终爷爷放弃了交易。2.续写线索：爷爷问起了交易的事情——担心——讨价还价——小妹妹被留下3.词汇激活行为类照顾：lookafter/takecareof微笑：smile/b

eam担忧：worry/concern帮助：help/assist情绪类惊讶的：surprised/astonished快乐的：happier/morepleased【点睛】[高分句型1]Thenextday,TomandIspentmuchofthedaywatchingt

hebabybathe,watchinghersleepandholdingher.(运用了现在分词作宾语补足语和状语)[高分句型2]Iguessyou’llhavetokeepherandhelpyourpar

entslookafterher.(运用了省略that的宾语从句)