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考点9--推理判断之文章出处--练高考--心中有数1.A【2022·新高考I卷】GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-

79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Es

say4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.Alltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheas

signeddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%

)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthe

previousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedincla

ssorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachc

lassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduri

ngclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ate

xtbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.2.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.3.Whatw

illhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest.

D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。1.C推理判断题。根据文章标题“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文学概论课程评分办法

)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知

，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C。2.B细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays(60%)”、“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/G

roupsWork/Homework(10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B。3.A推理判断题。根据“LateWork”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillea

rnazero.(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。2.B【2022·全国高考乙卷】In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,best

friendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstote

achinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhe

ad,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisth

esubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDo

rothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhatthey

hadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketo

fsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfro

mthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourse

influencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthrough

theRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthe

stoicism(坚忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,looking

downfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmal

lanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”4.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinas

chool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoye

dmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.6.WhichpartofWicke

nden’swritingishair-raising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.Thenaturalbeautyofthe

West.7.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren’sstory.D.Adiaryentry.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】本文是一篇书评。本文简要

介绍了DorothyWickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。4.A细节理解题。根据第一段“In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.-DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwoo

d-traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.(1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——DorothyWoodruff和RosamondUnderwoo

d——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A。5.D推理判断题。根据第三段“Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlikethem,had

littleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以

及“Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。6.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“

Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentaileddrillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.(令人

毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。7.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The

bookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickendenisaverygood

storyteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicismofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.(Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些

美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。3.A【2021·英语全国甲卷】ATakeaview,theLandscape（风景）Photographerofthe

YearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthatt

heAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewisadesirableann

ualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.MikeShepherd(2011)SkiddawinWinterCumbria,EnglandI

twasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdee

p,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,IfoundmyselfcompletelyaboveitandlookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththes

umsettinginthewest.Iusedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,toachievet

heblack—and—whiteimage（图像）.TimothySmith(2014)MacclesfieldForestCheshire,EnglandIwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtot

akesomewinterimages.WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe.alocalhighpoint,Icameacrossasmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeady

ellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotaketheviewfromt

heforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.3．Wherecanthetextbefound?A．Inahistorybook.B．Inanovel.C．Inanartmagazine.D．Inabiography.【答案】3．C【解析】这是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Takeaview以及获奖的相关情况。3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphoto

graphyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKa

ndbeyond.”（每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Takeaview是一项令人向往的年度竞赛）结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Takeaview以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术

杂志上。故选C。4.【2022年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）】TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodthattechnolo

gyhaslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodemworld.Yetp

roperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier."Itiscurioustha

tnoonehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectricrevolutions."writesMauryKleininhisbookThePowerMakers,Stea

m,Electricity,andtheMenInventedModemAmerica.Klein,anotedhistorianoftechnology,spinsanarrativesolivel

ythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfected"themach

inethatchangedtheworld".Kleinwrites,"Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygraspeditspasswordstheyputi

ttomoreusesthananyoneelse."Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morseinventedacodefors

endingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.Edisonperfectedanincandescentbulls

thatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity.

WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent,whichsoonbecamethemajorformsofpowerdelivery.Toframehisstory,K

leincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamsandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringo

neman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.4．WhatisKlein'sunderstandingofthe

ageofelectricity?A．Itiscloselylinkedtothesteamage.B．Itbeganearlierthanproperthought.C．Itisalittle-stu

diedperiodofhistory.D．Itwillcometoanendsoonerorlater.5．WhatcanbeinferredaboutNed?A．HewasborninNewYorkCity.B．Hewro

temanyincreasingstories,C．Hecreatedanelectricitycompany.D．Helivedmainlyinthe19thcentury.6．Whatisthetext?A．Abiography.B．Abookre

view.C．Ashortstory.D．Asciencereport.【答案】4．A5．D6．C【解析】本文是说明文。文章按照时间顺序讲述了蒸汽时代和电力时代的联系。4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Itiscuriousthatnoo

nehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectricrevolutions.”（我很好奇，竟然没有人把蒸汽和电力革命的历史放在一起。）可知，在Klein看来

，电力时代和蒸汽时代是有很紧密的联系的。故选A。5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstothepro

gressbroughtaboutbythesteamsandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.”（为了编织他的故事，Klein创造了一个人物N

ed，它是对美国蒸汽和电力革命在一个人的整个人生中的进程的神奇的见证。）和第四段“Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriosit

ytoabasicnecessity.”（同时，在19世纪，电力从好奇变成了根需。）可知，Ned见证了蒸汽时代和电力革命，所以他应该是生活在19世纪。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据第三段“Thestorybeginsinthe

lastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland”（这个故事开始于苏格兰18世纪最后几年）可知，这篇文章是一篇小故事。故选C。5.C【2019·全国I】Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themark

etisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though

.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardprecisel

ymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingth

ingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandet

erminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofw

hethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith

.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fou

rtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrate

s.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopes

tomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.AguidebookC.Anovel.D.Amagazine.【答案】31.D【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。目前，数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普

遍，指纹扫描等这些技术仍然是昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，这项技术通过记录用户的打字习惯来识别主人，为网络空间用户保护隐私。31.D推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给e-space用户带来安全，由此可知，本

文是科技说明文，结合所给选项可知，本文可能来自于一本科研杂志上。故选D。6.（2018﹒新课标全国卷Ⅱ，B）ManyofusloveJulybecauseit’sthemonthwhennature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.

ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsformBritishColumbia’sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,stra

wberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质),iro

nandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质).Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighint

hecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However

,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,

coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontai

nersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswill

lastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfe

edinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafu

nactivityforachildren’sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.27.Fromwhichis

thetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.【文章大意】本文是

一篇日常生活类说明文。文中讲述了人们热爱水果丰盛的7月，这时候各种水果营养丰富且含有对人体有益的微量元素，尤其是香蕉。我们可以利用它做一些孩子喜欢的甜点或冰淇淋。27.B【解析】文章出处题。文章首先指出七月是水果盛产的季节，并指出各种水果富含的营养，最

后一段指出我们可以用ajuicer为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故最可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。故选B。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com