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牛津译林八下Unit5知识梳理（学生版）1.beoldenoughtodosth.年龄够大可以做某事enough放在_____________的后面，_______的前面benot…enoughtodo=betoo…todo

=so…that从句I’mnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=_____________________________________________________________

_____=__________________________________________________________________2.cutinonsb/sth打断某人老人打断了他们的谈话。Theoldm

an____________________theirconversation.(1)cutin插嘴,打断Shelikes________________whileherteacherisgivingalesson.老师上课时她爱插嘴_____

______________________her.Lethercontinuespeaking.别打断她。让她继续发言。(2)cutin=pushin插队，加塞She______________attheheadoftheline.=She___________

___attheheadoftheline.她在列队的最前头插队。cut的常见词组：cutacross_______________Wemayaswellcutacrosstheplayground.我们不妨从运动场上横穿过去。cutaway______________

_Hecutawaytheoldbranchesfromthetree.cutdown_______________Ifyoucutdownallthetreesyouwillruintheland.cutdownthecost_______________

cutoff_______________Theyhavecutoffthewater\electricity\gassupply.cutout_______________Picturesfromthesemagazinescanb

ecutout,andusedasteachingaidscutsthintosth_______________Firstcutthemeatintosmallpieces.先把肉切成小块。3.leavethetaprunning让水龙头一直流着使……处于某种

状态开/关着窗__________________________开/关着灯__________________________4.pickflowersinthepark在公园里采花pickup_______________Theca

rstoppedtopickmeup.汽车停下来接我。pickout_______________Canyoupickouttherightone?5.queueforyourturn排队等候你的顺序(

1)queuev./n.排队等候______________________排成一排______________________插队，不按次序排队(2)______________________轮到某人做某事6.Anythingelse?还有其他什么吗？else/othe

rwhat/whoelsetheotherboys构成短语的所有格else’sMycomputerisfasterthananybody________inmyclass.7.putthembackafterreading在读完后把它们放回去p

uton_______________putoff_______________putup_______________putupwith_____________putout_____________putaway_____________putback_____________8.i

nviteJennytotalkaboutmannersintheUKinvitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事（（常考被动）invitesb.tospWe'llinviteourteacherstoourNewYearPartynextweek名词___________

____9.theproperwaytogreetpeople.和人们打招呼的正确方式(1)反义词_______________副词_______________(2)greetsbwith…用……问

候Shegreetedmewithasmile.10.avoidsubjectslikeage,weightormoney避免像年龄，体重或金钱那样的话题(1)avoid(talkingabout)subjectslikeageorw

eightavoid后常跟_______________形式，构成_______________结构，意为“避免做某事”。Youshouldavoid__________(eat)suchunhealthyfo

od.(2)weighv.重达_____________n.重量……的重量____________________11.behavepolitelyinpublic在公共场所举止礼貌thepublicn._______________

Thepalaceisnowopentothepublic.inpublic_______________Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.12.It’srudetopushinbeforeother

s.插队到别人前面是不礼貌的(1)Itis+adj++todosth._____是形式主语，真正的主语是_______________询问英国人多大年龄是不礼貌的。________________________

_______________________________________________(2)pushv.推，挤反义词______，可意为“拉，拖，拔”Don’tpushthedoor.Pullit,please.不要推门。请拉开。pushin___________

pushsb.into_______________13.Ifyou’reintheirway,theywon’ttouchyouorpushpastyou.inone’sway/intheway_______________onthe/one’swayto_______________byt

heway_______________loseone’sway_______________noway______________insomeways_______________14.副词aloud，loud与loudly的用法区别⑴“出

声地”，有使声音能被听到的意味（而不只是在脑子里默默地“说”）[来源:学科网](A)aloud往往与read,think连用。⑵“高声地”、“大声地”修饰call,cry,shout等词，此时用法与loud相同

。①Pleasereadthestoryaloud.请朗读．．这个故事。②“Whatdidyousay?”—“Oh,nothing.Iwasjustthinkingaloud.”“呕，没说什么，我只是在自言自语．．．．”③Shecalled

aloudforhelp.她高声喊叫求救。loud.注意：aloud这个副词没有比较级形式。（B）loud“高声地．．．”、“大声地．．．”、“响亮地．．．”。在动词后面常与loud连用的动词有call(高声地叫)，cr

y(高声地哭)，shout(高声地喊)，talk(高声地谈)，speak(高声地说)，laugh等。它有比较级。(与aloud用法⑵相同，区别在于它有比较级。)①“Theclothisbeautiful,”hecriedoutloud．．．

．．．．.Theteacherwasreadingmycompositionoutloud．．．．．．．tothewholeclass.②Speaklouderplease.Ican’thearyou.Louder,please.③

Hethenlaughedloud.然后他放声大笑。④Don’ttalksoloud.√不要那么大声讲话。loudly.√含“喧闹”意味，是它独特用法。此处用loudly较好。注意：loud也可用作形容词。如：inaloudvo

ice(C)loudly“高声地”有时可与loud通用，但更多地含有⑴“喧闹”的意味。⑵它可以与任何表示发声响的动词连用，(而aloud,loud多指人的声音，是指人从声带里发出的声音)可以放在动词的前

面或后面。①Don’ttalksoloudly.②Whoisknockingloudlyatthedoor?敲门的声音③Thebombexplodedloudly.炸弹轰隆一声．．．．爆炸了。都不是人从声带里发出的声音④I’d

preferthemnottoplaytooloudlyatthebeginning.弹琴的声音15.behelpfultosomeone对某人有帮助help可以是动词（v.)可以是名词(n.)helpsb(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事

.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事._____________________自用（食物等）__________________帮助某人克服困难,渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作._____________________

禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事help可以是名词(n.)____________________________(没有)在……帮助下.helpful是形容词,adj.给予帮助的,有益的；愿意帮忙的_______

________无助的、没用的16.explainsthtosb给某人解释某事explain的名词为_______________17.keepussafefromdanger使我们安全，远离危险(1)faraway是短

语，用来表示距离，在句中作状语或表语，意为“远；遥远”，有时away可省略。如：(2)farawayfrom的意思是“离……很远”，常表示距离，作表语或状语，away可省略。另外，它还有“远非，远远没有”的意思，后跟名词、代词或形容词。如：Theschoolisf

ar(away)frommyhouse.Thesunisfar(away)fromtheearth.(3)awayfrom用于表示确切的距离（此时不用far）,away可省略，但如果句子不带from短语，则

不能省。Helivestwomiles(away)fromhere.Helivestwomilesaway.注意：不能说：Helivestwomilesfarfromhere.(4)keepdoingsthkeepondoingsth一直做某事preve

nt/stop/keepsbfromdoingsth都意为“阻止某人做某事”，动词prevent,stop引导的句型中，from在主动结构的句子中可以省略；动词keep也可用于这样的句型，但是from不可省略，用keepsb/sthfromdoingsth表示。The

heavyrainprevented/stoppedthem(from)goingout.=Theheavyrainkeptthemfromgoingout.18.1)_______________________警告某人注意某事我给你说了有危险，不是吗？Iwarnedyou_____thed

anger,didn'tI?2)_______________________警告某人(不)要做某事医生警告人们不要吸烟。Doctorwarnedpeople______________________.3)_______________________警告某人不要做某事他们告

诫他不要在那条河里游泳。Theywarnedhim________swimminginriver.4)warn(sb.)that…警告(某人)某事气象台预报有暴风雨来临。_______________

____________________________________________19.sthhappentosb.某人发生某事happen是不及物动词，它的用法常见的有如下几种情况：⑴表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”，常用“st

h.+happen+地点/时间”这一结构来表达，此时主语应是事情。Thestoryhappenedin2003.Anaccidenthappenedinthatstreet.⑵表示“某人出了某事(常指不

好的事)”，要用“sth.+happen+tosb.”这一结构来表达。例如：Acaraccidenthappenedtoherthismorning.Whathappenedtoyou?⑶表示“某人碰巧做某事”，要用“__________________

______”这一结构来表达。例如：Ihappened_____________(meet)afriendofmineinthestreetyesterday.⑷happen表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事”时，还可用“________________________”这一结构来

表达。IthappenedthatBrianandPeterwereathomethatday.注：that从句中的主语是人时，此种结构可以与“sb.+happen+todosth.”结构互换。例如：IthappenedthatBrianandPeterwerea

thomethatday.=______________________________________________________________________20.risklosingevery

thing冒险失去一切________________________冒着生命危险做某事riskn.危险风险ariskofsth./doingsth.Thereisariskofbeingcaught.________________________冒做某事的风

险Hesavedmylifeattheriskoflosinghisown.21.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。___________在困难时________________急需….__________________

_满足某人的需求Thevillageisingreatneedofadoctor.22.Itisimpolitetomaketoomuchnoisewhileeatingordrinking.吃东西或喝饮品时发出太大的声音是不礼貌的。toomany后面接________________

toomuch后面接________________muchtoo用来修饰________________或________________(1)Hecan'thearyoubecausethereis_____________noisehere.(2)Look！There's________

_____iceonthelake.(3)Theseshoesare_____________bigforme.23.Maresurethatbothguestsandhostsarecomfortableatthetab

le.确保客人和主人在饭桌上都舒适/轻松自在。makesure意思是“确信、确定”，此短语的用法：makesure__________sth.离开时请务必确保关灯。____________________________________________

________________makesure_____sth请确定会议的时间和地点。____________________________________________________________makesure+that从句在你离开前确保工作已经完成。___

_________________________________________________________24.sometimes，sometime，sometime，sometimes的区别(1)some

times是个频度副词，意为“有时候”，多用于一般现在时，对它进行提问常用howoften。—Howoftendoyouwritetoyourfather？你多久给你父亲写一次信？—Sometimes.有时。SometimesIwatchTVwit

hmyparents.有时我和父母一起看电视。(2)sometime也是一个副词，意为“在某一时候（过去或将来）”，表示的是任何时候或某一不确定的时间，对它提问用when。—Whencanyoufinishthework？—Somet

imenextmonth.Newstudentswillcometoschoolsometimenextweek.(3)sometimes是名词短语，意为“几次（倍）”，time是可数名词。对它提问用howmanytimes。—HowmanytimesdoyouwatchTVeveryweek？你

每周看几次电视？—Sometimes.好几次。(4)sometime也是名词短语，意为“一段时间”，time是不可数名词，对它提问用howlong。—HowlongcanIbeaway？我能离开多久？—Sometime.一段时间。ShewillstayinBei

jingforsometime.她将在北京呆一段时间。核心语法：so...that...such...that...enoughtotoo……to(1)so...that...句型中的so是副词，常修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that

从句。Heissoyoungthatshecan'tlookafterherself.Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.(2)在“such...that...”句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“

如此……以至于……”，但当名词前有表示数量的many、much、few、little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so...that...”而不能用“such...that...”。例如：Hehassomuchmoneythathecanbuywha

thewanted.I'vehadsomanyfallsthatIhavepainshereandthere.但是：Thereissuchalittle(小)birdthatIcan'tseeit.如果是可数名词单数,前面一定要加a或anHeissolazyaboy.=_________

________________________________________________________Sheissolovelyagirlthateveryonelovesher.=___________________________

______________________________________(3)so与that也可连起来写，即变成：...sothat...(以便/为了……)，引导目的状语从句。例如：IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchtheearlybus.Ple

aseopenthewindowsothatwecanbreathefreshair.(4)以“so...that”引导的结果状语从句可以转换成不定式的简单句，即可转换为“...enoughto...”或“...too...to”句型，转换规则如下：a.当主句和从句的主语一致，且th

at从句是肯定句时，可用“enoughtodosth.”来转换。Themanissostrongthathecanlifttheheavybox.→______________________________

___________________________________HewassocleverthathecanunderstandwhatIsaid.→____________________________________________________________

_____b.当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可以用“enoughforsb.todosth.”来替换，但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。ThequestionissoeasythatIcanworkit

out.→_________________________________________________________________Theboxissolightthathecancarryit.→______________________________________

___________________________c.当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可以用“too...to”来替换。Thegirlissoyoungthatshecan'tdressherself.→_________________________________

________________________________IwassotiredthatIcouldn'tgoonwiththework.→______________________________________________________________

___d.当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是否定时，如果要用“too...to...”替换“so...that...”，则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以用“too...forsb.todosth.”来替换，注意不定式的

宾语要省略。Thebagissoheavythatshecan'tmoveit.→_________________________________________________________________Itissohotthatwecan'tsleep.→___

______________________________________________________________e.当that引导的从句为否定式时，若从句主语与主句主语相同，so…that可转换为enoughto的否定结构；若从句主语与主句主语不相同时，so…that可转换为eno

ughforsb.to的否定结构。注意：转换后的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。Themanissooldthathecan'tgotowork.→_________________________________________________________________The

deskissoheavythatIcan'tmoveit.→_________________________________________________________________f.enoughto的句式为否定式时，enoughto可以转换为to

o….to结构，但转换后的too…to结构中的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。Heisnotoldenoughtodothejob.→_________________________________________________________________Tomd

idn'twalkslowlyenoughforustokeepupwithhim.→_________________________________________________________________