【文档说明】2023届吉林省东北师大附中、长春市十一高中、吉林一中、四平一中、松原实验中学高三上学期联合模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析.docx，共(28)页，38.493 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

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2023届高三联合模拟考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的

签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的

A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthecinema.B.Atth

ehotel.C.Atthecustoms2.Howmuchmoneywillthemangetback?A.$10.B.$4.C.$6.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelfinally?A.Encouraged.B.Defeated.C.De

pressed.4.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Pigdolls.B.Shipmodels.C.Somechips.5.Whatmadethewomanwaitsolongforherclothes?A.T

hebreaking-downofthecompany.B.Hernotbeinginformedintime.C.Thewrongdeliveryofherpackage.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第

6、7题。6.Howlongwillthespeakerswaitfor?A.60minutes.B.45minutes.C.55minutes.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Findanotherrestau

rant.B.Waitinline.C.Dosomeshopping.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whoisthecakemadefor?A.Theman’sdaughter.B.Theman.C.Thewoman.9

.Whatwilltheydofirstaccordingtotherecipe?A.Brushthepan.B.Mixtheflour.C.Heattheoven.10.Whatwillthemanfinallydo?A.Writeamessageonth

ecake.B.Cutoutapieceofcake.C.Putsomefruitonthecake.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.WhywasMike’sbrothercrying?A.Mikedidn’tlethisbrotherplaywithhistoys.B.Miked

idn’tplaywithhisbrother.C.Mikedidn’tgivehisbrother’sthingsback.12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofMike’sbehavior?A.Unselfish.B.Unfriendly.C.Unusual.13.W

hatdoesthewomanadviseMiketodo?A.Tomakeanapology.B.Tosharethings.C.Tobemorecareful.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Brotherandsister.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Whatdoweknowaboutthismannedflightmission?A.Ithasthelong

eststayingtime.B.Itisthehardesttooperate.C.Ittravelsatthefastestspeed.16.WhatdoTaikonautsdotopassthetime?A.Playcards.B.Playtennis.C.

Playinstruments.17.Whatdoesthewoman’sfinalwordsmean?A.Womenarelesssuitableinthismission.B.Womenareasexcellentasmen.C.Womenundertakemorethanm

endo.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whichpetmayanoutgoingpersonprefer?A.Abird.B.Adog.C.Acat.19.Whatmayacatownerbelike?A.Clever.B.Sociable.C.Careful.20

.Whatdoesthespeechmainlytalkabout?A.Petpeople’spersonalities.B.Moreoutgoingdogpeople.C.Lesssociablecatpeople.第二部分阅读理解

(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheDeadSeamightbethemostfamoussalinebodyintheworld,butit’sbynomeanstheon

lyone.Here,weuncoversomeothersaltlakesaroundtheworld.DeadSeaThemostfamousofthelot,theDeadSea—alsoknownastheSaltSea—isanaturalpla

cetostart.It’stechnicallynotaseaatall,butalandsaltlake.ItswatersaremainlydrawnfromtheJordanRiver,andth

ehighsalinity(盐度)meansnolifecansurvivehere,sodon’texpectanycolorfulfish.However,muchamusementresultsfromthesea’sbuoyancy(浮力):Bringsomereadingma

terialtothewatersandlieback—naturewilldotherest.LakeAssalSurroundedbyblackvolcanorocks,LakeAssaltakesthetitleofbeingthelo

westpointinAfrica.Vastsaltfieldsmarkitsedges;thelakehaslongbeenatthecentreofthearea’ssalttrade,onwhichtheregion’sAfricanlo

calsstillrely.Thoughtheareamightnotbesuitabletolivein,thewatersarerichinmineralsandrelatedtohealthbenefits.Gr

eatSaltLakeThebiggestsaltlakeinthewesternhemisphere,andtheonethatgaveSaltLakeCityitsname,theGreatSaltLakefindsitsh

omeinnorthernUtah.Whatmakesthelakewell-knownisnotonlythelake’sblueandgreenwatersandwhite-sandbeaches,bu

talsoGreatSaltLakeStateParkandAntelopeIslandStatePark,bothofferingsuperhikingandbikingtrails,andgreatlongviews.DonJuanPondDonJu

anPondmightnotwinanyprizesforitsbeauty—atfourinchesdeep,it’slittlemorethanapond,butitisworthvisiting.Itssalinitycontentofalmost40percentm

akesitoneofthesaltiestbodiesofwateronEarth,meaningitdoesn’tfreezeevenwhenAntarctictemperaturesdropto-50℃.Andwithsuggestionsthatwaterinasim

ilarformcouldexistonMars,there’smorethanonereasonforscientiststostudythisfascinatingdry,coldenvironment.1．WhatcanvisitorsprobablydoinLakeAssal?A．Rea

dbooks.B．Haveahike.C．Enjoysmallfishes.D．Takeabathinthelake.2．WhatistheGreatSaltLakefamousfor?A．Itsgreatparks.B．Itsscientificvalue.C．It

shighestsalinity.D．Itsspecificlocation.3．Whichlakeisvaluableforspaceexploration?A．DeadSea.B．LakeAssal.C．D

onJuanPond.D．GreatSaltLake.BLeiawasfreshoutofcollegewhenshebeganworkingasamemberofabusiness-developmentteamatamid-sizetec

hcompany.Thoughherskillshadearnedherthejob,shewastheyoungestpersonintheteam.“Everybodyelsewasprettymuchtwicemyage,”shesays.“Ihearda

boutcommentsbeingmadebehindmyback.Therewereacoupleoftimeswhenmysuperiorsreferredtomyagerightinfrontofme,sayingI

wastooyoung,‘Whatdoesa23-year-oldknowaboutthesethings?’”Leiatriedtochangethingsbyalteringherappearanceatwork.“IchangedthewayIdressed.

Itriedtodressolder,more‘ladylike’.Ichangedmymannerismsandtriedtoactolder,”shesays.“Itworked,toanextent.”Thecomme

ntsaboutherageandperceived(认定的)inexperiencelessened,butLeiasaysshestillfeltlikehergrowthpotentialwaslimited.Sheleftthecompanysoonafter.Wha

tLeiaexperiencedwasageismtraditionallyseenassomethingonlyolderpeopleface.Forinstance,olderworkersmightbejudgedbasedonassumptionsthat

theywon’tfitintoaprogressiveofficedynamicsorlearntechnologyasquickly.AUSstudyshowedthatnearlytwo-thirdsofworkersaged45andolder

hadseenorexperiencedagediscrimination.Butyoungerworkersfaceagediscrimination,too.Infact,newresearchsho

wsitmayactuallybetheyoungestteammemberswhoarebearingtheimpactofworkplaceageismrightnow.Leiasaysremoving

ageismentirelywillultimatelyrequireafundamentalchangetocorporateculture,whichhaslongtiedseniority(资历)toskill.“Weprizeyears

ofexperiencealittletoomuch,andIdon’tthinkyearsofexperienceandskillarenecessarilyrelated,”shesays.“SteveJobswas21whenhefoundedApple.Wedon’tknowh

owmuchyoungerpeopleactuallyhavetocontribute.Hopefully,moreemployersarerealizingit.”4．WhatwasthemaintopicofLeia’ssuperiorsabouther

?A．Herjobskills.B．Heryoungage.C．Hercuteappearance.D．Herfamilybackground.5．Whydidn’tLeiastayanylongeratthecompany?A．Shefailedtodressmorelady-like.B

．Shereceivedmorenegativecomments.C．Shefeltpressurefromherworktoanextent.D．Shewantedmorespaceforhergrowthpotential.6．Whichstatementagrees

withtheUSstudythemost?A．Onlyolderpeoplefaceagediscriminationatwork.B．Youngworkerscan’tfitintoaprogressiveoffice.C．Olderworkersareveryslowtechnol

ogylearners.D．Youngworkersareseriouslyaffectedbyageism.7．WhydoesLeiamentionSteveJobs?A．ToofferinformationabouttheA

ppleCompany.B．TotellaboutSteveJobs’unknowncontribution.C．Tosaythatskilldoesnotalwayscomewithage.D．Toshowthatskil

lalonematterstoyoungpeople.COctopuses(章鱼)aresomeofthecleverestanimalsontheplanet!Sowhatmakesthemsosmart?Let’sfocusfirstontheirdefensemecha

nisms.Facedwithmultiplepredators(捕食者)—includingfish,birdsandwhales—octopusesaremastersofdisguise.Theycanimitatetheirenvironmentbychangingthe

irskincolour.Withoutashell,octopusesareweakandeasilyhurtphysically,andalwaystrytoremainhiddeninashelt

ersuchasaholeorthespacebeneatharock.Someprefertowrapthemselvesinshellsandsmallstones,whileotherstransporttheirsheltersintheirarms.Thisisthecasefort

hecoconutoctopus,which,truetoitsname,hasbeenobservedcarryingcoconutshellsaroundtohidewithinincaseofdanger.Octopusesarealsofea

rsomepredatorsthemselves,andtheirattackmechanismsaresuitedtothewidevarietyofprey(猎物)theyconsume,includingse

ashells,fishandevenothercreatureslikethem.Theycanusetheirvisionandcamouflageskillstohunt,andtheirarmstoexplore,touchandt

astetheirenvironmenttoseizeeverybitoffoodwithinreach.Octopusescanalsouseconditionaldiscrimination,thatis,theycanchangetheirchoicedepend

ingonthesituation.Forexample,theycanlearntoattackanobjectonlyinthepresenceofbubbles.Theycanalsousespacele

arning,andfindahiddenshelterbyrememberingitsposition.Lastbutnotleast,octopusescanlearnbywatchingotheroctopuse

scarryouttasks,suchaschoosingonespecificobjectoveranother.Thisissurprising,becausetheyaremainlysolitary(独居的)creatures.Octopusesme

eteverycriteriaforthedefinitionofintelligence:Theyshowagreatflexibilityinobtaininginformation(usingseveralsensesandlearningsocially)

,inprocessingit(throughdiscriminativeandconditionallearning),instoringit(throughlong-termmemory)andinapplyingittowardbothpredatorsandprey.8

．Whicharebothpredatorsandpreyofoctopuses?A．Fish.B．Birds.C．Whales.D．Seashells.9．Whydococonutoctopusescarrycoconutshellseverywhere?A．Tochangetheirskin

colorquickly.B．Toavoidbeingdiscoveredbypredators.C．Toobservethesurroundingsconveniently.D．Tohidequicklyintheshellswhenindange

r.10．What’sthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theexcellentmemoryofoctopuses.B．Thestronglearningabilityofoctopuses.C．Thespacediscriminationabilityofo

ctopuses.D．Theabilityofoctopusestoadapttotheenvironment.11．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Theterriblepredators.B．Themastersofdi

sguise.C．Exactlyhowcleverisanoctopus?D．Howstrongisthelearningabilityofoctopuses?DEnglishisthelanguageforinternationalcommunication,especiallyina

reassuchasscienceandtechnology.GalileoGalileisaid,“MathematicsisthelanguagewithwhichGodhaswrittentheuniverse.”Usingnumbersandmathematica

lsymbols,onecanwrite“words”and“sentences”.Whenappropriate,several“sentences”togethermightforma“mathematicalstory”.Ma

thematicshasalsogrammar—themathematicallogicwhichdetermineswhetherstatementsarevalidornot.AmathteachercomparesmathtoEnglishandsays,“Mathmaybevie

wedasalanguage—asimpler,moreconsistentandmoreregularlanguagethanEnglish.Numbersrepresentnouns,whileoperationalsigns(+,－,×,÷,=)serveas

verbs.Bothcomponentsaregovernedbyrulesofsyntax.Mathfacts,suchas2×3=6,maybethoughtofasmathsentences.Studentsshouldbeencouraged

tospeakincompletesentencestoconveyanentirethought.MathatthesimplesentencefactlevelisamucheasierlanguagethanEnglish.Althoughmathhasaninfinitenumb

erofnouns,ithasonlyfiveverbs(+,－,×,÷,=)associatedwithfourbasicoperations.”NinaisanEnglishteacherinelementaryschoolan

dhas12yearsofteachingexperience.ShehasnodoubtsaboutthelogicalconnectionbetweenEnglishandmathematics.Shesays

,“Theyaredefinitelylanguages.Inbothlanguagestherearepatternsandrules.Theyarebothtaughtthroughvisualizationsandillustrations.Teachingvocabul

aryisliketeachingfractions.Youneedtoillustrateinbothlanguagesandpracticealot.”However,Englishandmathematicsaslanguagesaresimilarandyetdifferent.Thel

anguageofmathematics,forexample,ispreciseandlessflexible—itcannotaffordambiguity,whilenaturallanguagescontainconstructiveambiguityd

erivedfromtheirculturalandcontextualwealthofmeanings.MathematicsaswellasEnglishasasecondlanguagedoesnotdevelopnat

urallyasachilddevelopsanaturallanguage;theyneedtobelearned.12．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A．Englis

hgrammarcanalsobeusedinmath.B．Englishandmatharebothgenerallanguages.C．Mathisthemediumofinternationalcommunication.D．BothEnglishandmathhavel

ogicbehindthem.13．WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph2?A．MathismucheasierthanEnglish.B．Mathisthesimplestlanguage.C．BothmathandEnglishcanconveyanen

tirethought.D．MathatthesimplesentencefactlevelismucheasierthanEnglish.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ambiguity”probablymean?A．Unclarity.

B．Evidence.C．Certainty.D．Similarity.15．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toexplainthelogicbehind

Englishandmath.B．ToargueforthedifferencesbetweenmathandEnglish.C．TocomparemathandEnglishaslanguages.D．Topromotethedevelopmen

tofscienceandtechnology.第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Infact,thisisn’tanewphenomenon.Aftera

ll,peoplehavecomplainedabout“kidsthesedays”fordecades.Butistherereallyanytruthintheideathatmillennials(千禧一代)andGenZareweakert

hanBoomersorGenX?Peoplehavecomplainedaboutyoungergenerationsforthousandsofyears._______16_______.“Thetendencyf

oradultstolookdownuponthecharacterofyouthhasbeenhappeningforcenturies,”saysPeterO’Connor,aprofessorofmanagement.Hepointsoutthefixedconceptremainsa

liveandwell,withresearchshowingthousandsofAmericansbelievethat“kidsthesedays”lackpositivequalitiesthatparticipantsassociatewithold

ergenerations._____17_____.Theresearchersarguedthatthiswasbecauseweprojectourcurrentselvesontoourpasts

elves.Bydoingthis,olderpeopleareunconsciouslycomparingwhotheyaretodaytotoday’syoungpeople,givinganimpressionthattoday’syouthissomehowo

nthedecline,nomatterwhichtimeswe’relivingin.______18______.Thetruthisthatoldergenerationshavebeenaccusingtheyoungofbeinglazyands

elf-obsessedforcenturies.____19____.JasonDorsey,presidentoftheCenterforGenerationalKinetics,believesthatthereisawayaroundthis—

butthatgeneralcontextiskeytodebunking(揭穿)thepersistingweaknessmyth.“It’sawarenessofwhatthesedifferentgenerationshavegonethrough,whytheyarethewaythey

are.”hesays.“___20___,whichsimplydoesnotexistrightnow.Insteadofhavingfrankconversationsacrossgenerations,wealwayssaythatyounger

peoplearesnowflakesandolderpeoplearedinosaurs.Butthetruthisthatwe’reallhuman.”headds.A．ItisactuallynotthetruthB．Wewe

realsojudgedbytheformergenerationsC．AndtheoldgenerationsareusuallytoostubborntochangethemselvesD．Butthisisn’tbecausetheyouthsoftodaya

ctuallydolackthesequalitiesE．ThebestwaytogettheoldtostopblamingtheyoungistocreateadialogueF．Weseemalmostforcedtojudge

peoplewhogrewupinadifferenttimetousG．Infact,lookingdownonthegenerationthatcomesafteryoucouldsimplybehumannature第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题

1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IhavetoadmitI’manold-schoolreader.Putsimply,I___21___oldbooks.Aloneinanew

cityto___22___myfirstdailynewspaperjob,IwasfeelingvaguelyanxiousasIdippedintoausedbookstoreto___23__

_mymind.Theshelves,fullofthesmellofthepast,quickly___24___me.Oneoftheoccupationalhazards(职业病)ofjournalism,mycho

sen___25___,isadesiretostayontopoftheNextBigThing.Withtheircrackedspines(书脊)andyellowed___26___,thetitlesintheshopusefullypointedme

towardthelongerview.“No___27___togettooworkedupovertoday’sheadline,”theyseemedtosay.“Thereisnotmuch___28___underthesun.”FrancisBacon’sessa

ysarealwaysareadyantidote(解药).“Prosperity(繁荣)isnotwithoutmany_29_anddislikes,”Baconwrote,and“_30_isnotwithoutco

mfortsandhopes.”Forme,thatcomfortandhopeoftencomefromasecond-hand__31__.Readingdeeplyfromthepastcanbeatleastas___32___asfollo

wingtheday’snews.Don’t__33__missingoutonthe_34_gossip.Allmattersoffact,whichamandidnot_35_before,arenewstohim.21．A．buyB

．loveC．recommendD．hate22．A．stopB．loseC．keepD．take23．A．relieveB．changeC．trainD．feed24．A．disappointedB．surprisedC．calmedD．str

essed25．A．freedomB．professionC．companyD．action26．A．booksB．wordsC．linesD．pages27．A．needB．wonderC．doubtD．question28．A．amazingB．in

terestingC．newD．dull29．A．inspirationsB．fearsC．amusementsD．strengths30．A．ownershipB．relationshipC．friendshipD．har

dship31．A．bookB．computerC．chairD．shop32．A．mind-blowingB．doubtfulC．instructiveD．breathtaking33．A．reflectonB．worryaboutC．takeupD．dreamof34．A．

sillyB．commonC．bestD．latest35．A．knowB．hearC．researchD．confirm第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Eatorheat?Nomorei

roning,limitedovenuseandshoweringatwork—Europeansaretryingtokeepenergyusedownbutthebillsstillkeepclimbing.CostsofenergyforBritishconsumerswil

lriseby80%fromOctober,___36___willtaketheaverageannualhouseholdbillsto￡3,549.Thismakestheenergycrisissevererthan_37_ofthe1970

sand1980s.Keetley_38_(lose)hisjobasacounciladviserinAprilandliveson￡600amonthfromasocialsecurityscheme.Ha

lfofthatgoesonrent,hesaid,withtheremainderbarelycoveringthe___39___(essential).Henoweatsonemealadayandalthoughhehasreducedenergyconsumptiontoam

inimum,hespendsmorethan15%ofhisincomeonenergybills.“_40_costoflivinghasincreasedandyetyouareexpectedtoliveonthemone

y__41__(provide)forwhentherewasn’tacrisis...Ieithercanhavemyheatingonoreat,”Keetleysaid.Ahouseholdis

definedaslivinginfuelpovertyifitislowincomeandneedstospend10%oreven__42__(much)ofitsincomeonenergy,accordingtoUKcharityNationalEnergyActionan

dotherBritishcharities.Expertsagreethatdespitethis_____43_____(be)ahardseason,Europewill_____44_____(undoubted)ma

keitthroughthewinter,buttheconcernis_45_willhappennextyear.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46．假设你是光明中学高三学生李华。你校将在寒期举办英语冬令营活动，正在招募外籍志愿者担任助教。请给你的英国朋友Ji

m写封邮件，希望他参加招募。要点包括：1.冬令营相关信息;2.外籍助教的职责。注意：1.词数80左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Howareyoudoingthesedays?_________

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____________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Sincethebeginningofthisschoolyear,JosetteDuran,coachofthelocalschoo

lgirls’volleyballteam,haskeptanunusualmorningroutineattherequestofherson,Dylan.Everyday,shepackshimalunchoftwosandwiches,twobagsofch

ips,twodrinks,andtwoservingsoffruit.Atfirst,Duranthoughthersonhadperhapshitanothergrowthspurt(短时激增)andneededdoublethenutrition.Shefinallyaskedh

imifhewasgettingenoughtoeatandreceivedasurprisingansweraboutwhyDylanneededtheextrafood.“Therearesomechildrenlackingfoodatschool.

Butit’sforJohnsonalone.Heonlyeatsafruitcupforlunch.”ItturnedoutthatDylanhadbefriendedaclassmate,Johnson,whosefamilywastighte

ningtheirbelts.Johnson’ssinglemotherhadrecentlylostherjobandwasverylowoncash,soshecouldnolongeraffordtobuyschoollunches.Afterlearningthis,Dura

nwasevenmoreeagertohelpJohnsonoutandhismotherbecausesheherselfcouldempathize(产生共鸣)withtheirsituation

.Thathithometoherbecauseafewyearsago,sheandhersonwerehomeless.Hermindwanderedbacktothemiserablescenewhenshewaslivinginhercarandshewaswa

shinghersoninbathrooms.Andtomakethingsworse,theydidn’thavesufficientfood.Nowthattheyhadovercometheirhardshi

pandwereinastableplace,Duranwantednothingmorethantoreachoutandhelpothersinneed.Sheevenleftencouragingnotesinthelunchesforboth

boys.DuransharedtheincidentinaninspiringFacebookpostinwhichshetalkedabouthowproudshewasofherson’sheartandhowkindh

ewasfordoingthatforanotherperson.TheeffortsmadebyDuranwhowasbynomeanswelloff,gotnoticedbyherplayers.Aplanwasunderdiscussiontohelpthei

rcoach.Meanwhile,Johnson’smotheralsolearnedofDuran’sgenerosity,andshecalledDuranupandofferedtopayherbackinperson.注意：1.续写词数应为1

50字左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thenextday,theymetonthecampusofDuran’sschool.________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________However,Duranrefusedtokeepthemoneyraisedespecia

llyforher._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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_____________1．D2．A3．C【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了世界各地的四个著名的盐湖。1．推理判断题。根据LakeAssal部分中的“Surroundedbyblackvolcanorocks,LakeAssaltakesthetitleofbeingth

elowestpointinAfrica.Vastsaltfieldsmarkitsedges;thelakehaslongbeenatthecentreofthearea’ssalttrade,onwhich

theregion’sAfricanlocalsstillrely.Thoughtheareamightnotbesuitabletolivein,thewatersarerichinmineralsandrelatedtoh

ealthbenefits.(被黑色的火山岩包围着，是非洲最低点的称号。广阔的盐田标志着它的边缘，该湖长期以来一直是该地区食盐贸易的中心，该地区的非洲当地人仍然依赖于此。虽然该地区可能不适合居住，但水中富含矿物质，

对健康有益。)”可知，这个盐是非洲最低点，且湖水含有丰富的矿物质，对身体有益，由此可推知，游客或许可以在Assal湖洗澡。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据GreatSaltLake部分中的“Whatmakesthelakewell-knownisnotonlythelake’sblue

andgreenwatersandwhite-sandbeaches,butalsoGreatSaltLakeStateParkandAntelopeIslandStatePark,bothofferingsuperhikingandbikingtrails,andgrea

tlongviews.(使湖闻名的不仅是湖的蓝色和绿色的海水和白色的沙滩，还有大盐湖州立公园和羚羊岛州立公园，都提供超级徒步旅行和自行车道，以及绝佳的远景。)”可知，大盐湖以它的公园们而闻名，故选A。3．细节理解题。根据DonJuanPond部分中的“Its

salinitycontentofalmost40percentmakesitoneofthesaltiestbodiesofwateronEarth,meaningitdoesn’tfreezeevenwhenAntarctictemperaturesdro

pto-50℃.AndwithsuggestionsthatwaterinasimilarformcouldexistonMars,there’smorethanonereasonforscientiststostudythisf

ascinatingdry,coldenvironment.(其含盐量近40%，使其成为地球上含盐量最高的水体之一，这意味着即使南极气温降至-50℃，它也不会结冰。有迹象表明火星上可能存在类似形式的水，科学家们研究这个迷人的干燥寒冷环境的原因不止一个。

)”可知，唐璜塘对太空探索很有价值。故选C。4．B5．D6．D7．C【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述刚从大学毕业时，莱娅就开始在一家中型科技公司的业务开发团队工作，因为自己是团队中最年轻的人而被其它同事质疑能力，受到年龄歧视。莱亚认为，彻底消除年龄歧视最终需要

从根本上改变企业文化。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Everybodyelsewasprettymuchtwicemyage,’shesays.‘Iheardaboutcommentsbeingmadebehindmyback.Therewereacoupleof

timeswhenmysuperiorsreferredtomyagerightinfrontofme,sayingIwastooyoung,‘Whatdoesa23-year-oldknowaboutthesething

s?’(“其他人的年龄几乎是我的两倍，”她说。“我听说有人在我背后发表评论。有几次，我的上司当着我的面提到我的年龄，说我太年轻了，‘一个23岁的人能懂这些东西吗?’)”可知，莱娅的上司们谈论她的主要话题是她

相对较小的年龄。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thecommentsaboutherageandperceived(认定的)inexperiencelessened,butLeiasaysshestillfeltlikehergrowthpotential

waslimited.Sheleftthecompanysoonafter.(关于她年龄和缺乏经验的评论减少了，但莱娅说，她仍然觉得自己的成长潜力有限。不久她就离开了公司。)”可知，莱娅离开了那家公司是因为她希望有更多的空间发挥自

己的成长潜力。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据第三段“AUSstudyshowedthatnearlytwo-thirdsofworkersaged45andolderhadseenorexperience

dagediscrimination.Butyoungerworkersfaceagediscrimination,too.Infact,newresearchshowsitmayactuallybeth

eyoungestteammemberswhoarebearingtheimpactofworkplaceageismrightnow.(美国一项研究显示，在45岁及以上的员工中，近三分之二的人看到或经历过年龄歧视。但年轻员工也面临着年龄歧视。事实上，一项新的研究表

明，现在可能是最年轻的团队成员正在承受工作场所年龄歧视的影响。)”可知，“年轻员工受到年龄歧视的严重影响”这一陈述最符合美国的研究。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Weprizeyearsofexperiencealittletoomu

ch,andIdon’tthinkyearsofexperienceandskillarenecessarilyrelated,’shesays.‘SteveJobswas21whenhefoundedApple.Wedon’tknowhowmuchyoungerpeopleactuallyha

vetocontribute.Hopefully,moreemployersarerealizingit.’(她说：“我们有点过于看重多年的经验，我认为多年的经验和技能没有必然的联系。”史蒂夫·乔布斯创立苹果公司时只有

21岁。我们不知道年轻人到底要贡献多少。希望更多的雇主意识到这一点。”’)”可知，莱娅提到史蒂夫·乔布斯在21岁就创立苹果公司为了说明技能并不总是随着年龄而增长。年轻人也会有很大贡献。故选C。8．A9．D10．D11．C【导语】本文是篇说明文。章鱼

是世界上最聪明的动物之一，文章讲述了章鱼的特性和聪明的原因。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Facedwithmultiplepredators(捕食者)—includingfish,birdsandwhales”（当面对多种捕食者-包括鱼、鸟和鲸鱼时）和第三段“

theirattackmechanismsaresuitedtothewidevarietyofprey(猎物)theyconsume,includingseashells,fishandevenothe

rcreatureslikethem.”（它们的进攻机制适合他们吃的种类繁多的猎物，包括海贝、鱼、甚至其它像它们一样的生物。）可知，鱼既捕食章鱼，又是它们的猎物。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thisisthecaseforthecoconutoctopus,w

hich,truetoitsname,hasbeenobservedcarryingcoconutshellsaroundtohidewithinincaseofdanger.”（椰子章鱼的情况就是如此，正如它的

名字一样，它被观察到一直携带着椰子壳，以便在在危险时藏在里面。）可知，椰子章鱼携带椰子壳到处走是为了在危险时快速藏到壳里面。故选D。10．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Octopusesmeeteverycriteriaforthedefiniti

onofintelligence:”（章鱼满足聪明定义的所有标准）及后面所指的“Theyshowagreatflexibility”（它们展现了很大的灵活性）在“obtaininginformation,processingitandstoringit”（获

取信息、加工信息和储存信息）方面，可知第五段主要讲述了章鱼有着适应环境的灵活的能力。故选D。11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Octopuses(章鱼)aresomeofthecleverestanimalsontheplanet!Sowhatmakesthemsosmart?”（

章鱼是世界上最聪明的动物之一！所以，什么使它们如此聪明？）及最后一段“Octopusesmeeteverycriteriaforthedefinitionofintelligence:”（章鱼满足聪明定义的所有标准

）可知，文章主要讲述了章鱼聪明的原因。故选C。12．D13．C14．A15．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从比较数学和英语作为语言的角度，发现数学也有语法——决定陈述是否有效的数学逻辑。英语和数学作为语言有相似之处，也有不同之处。数学和英语作为第

二语言的发展并不像儿童发展自然语言那样自然；它们需要学习。12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Englishisthelanguageforinternationalcommunication,especiallyinareassuchasscienceandtechn

ology.GalileoGalileisaid,“MathematicsisthelanguagewithwhichGodhaswrittentheuniverse.”Usingnumbersandmathematicalsymbols,onecanwrite“words”and“s

entences”.Whenappropriate,several“sentences”togethermightforma“mathematicalstory”.Mathematicshasalsogrammar—themathematicallogicwhich

determineswhetherstatementsarevalidornot.(英语是国际交流的语言，尤其是在科学和技术领域。伽利略曾说：“数学是上帝书写宇宙的语言。”使用数字和数学符号，人们可以写出

“词”和“句子”。在适当的时候，几个“句子”放在一起可以形成一个“数学故事”。数学也有语法——决定陈述是否有效的数学逻辑)”可推知，英语和数学背后都有逻辑。故选D。13．主旨大意题。根据第二段“AmathteachercomparesmathtoEnglishan

dsays,“Mathmaybeviewedasalanguage—asimpler,moreconsistentandmoreregularlanguagethanEnglish.Numbersrepresentnouns,whileoperati

onalsigns(+,－,×,÷,=)serveasverbs.Bothcomponentsaregovernedbyrulesofsyntax.Mathfacts,suchas2×3=6,maybethoughtofasmaths

entences.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtospeakincompletesentencestoconveyanentirethought.Mathatthesimplesentencefactlevelisamucheasierla

nguagethanEnglish.Althoughmathhasaninfinitenumberofnouns,ithasonlyfiveverbs(+,－,×,÷,=)associatedwithfourbasicoperations.”(

一个数学老师比较数学和英语说：“数学可以被看作是一种语言——一种比英语更简单、更一致、更规范的语言。数字代表名词，运算符号(+，-，×，÷，=)作为动词。这两个组件都由语法规则管理。数学事实，如2×3=6，

可以看作是数学句子。应该鼓励学生用完整的句子来表达整个思想。简单句子层面的数学比英语简单得多。虽然数学有无数个名词，但它只有五个动词(+，-，×，÷，=)与四种基本运算有关。”)”可知，第2段主要讨论了数学和英语都可以传达一个完整的思想。故选C。

14．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“However,Englishandmathematicsaslanguagesaresimilarandyetdifferent.Thelanguageofmathematics,forexample,isprecisean

dlessflexible—itcannotaffordambiguity,whilenaturallanguagescontainconstructiveambiguityderivedfromtheircultur

alandcontextualwealthofmeanings.(然而，英语和数学作为语言有相似之处，也有不同之处。例如，数学语言是精确而不灵活的——它不能产生ambiguity，而自然语言包含了来自其文化和上下文丰富意义的建设性歧义)”其中“preciseandle

ssflexible”可推断，数学语言精确不能有歧义。由此可知，划线词ambiguity与unclarity(不清楚)意思相近。故选A。15．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Englishisthelanguageforinternationalcommunication,especially

inareassuchasscienceandtechnology.GalileoGalileisaid,“MathematicsisthelanguagewithwhichGodhaswrittenth

euniverse.”(英语是国际交流的语言，尤其是在科学和技术领域。伽利略曾说：“数学是上帝书写宇宙的语言。”)”及第二段中的“Mathmaybeviewedasalanguage—asimpler,moreconsistentandmoreregu

larlanguagethanEnglish.(数学可以被看作是一种语言——一种比英语更简单、更一致、更规范的语言)”可推知，本文写作的目的是把数学和英语作为语言进行比较。故选C。16．G17．D18．A19．C20．E【导语】本文是说明文。几千年来，人们一直在抱怨年轻一代。但是，千禧一

代和Z一代比婴儿潮一代或X一代更弱的观点真的有道理吗?文章针对“一代不如一代”的现象进行分析。16．根据空前“Peoplehavecomplainedaboutyoungergenerationsforthousandsofyears.（几千年来，人们

一直在抱怨年轻一代。）”可知，人们对年轻一代有不满情绪。以及空后“‘Thetendencyforadultstolookdownuponthecharacterofyouthhasbeenhappeningforcenturie

s,’saysPeterO’Connor,aprofessorofmanagement.（管理学教授彼得•奥康纳(PeterO’Connor)说，成年人轻视年轻人品格的倾向已经存在了几个世纪。）”可知，几千年和几个

世纪都反映出这是人类的天性。G项“Infact,lookingdownonthegenerationthatcomesafteryoucouldsimplybehumannature.（事实上，看不起你的下一代可能只是人类的天性）”，符合语境，这里的轻视和选项G中一致。故选

G。17．根据空前“Hepointsoutthefixedconceptremainsaliveandwell,withresearchshowingthousandsofAmericansbelievetha

t“kidsthesedays”lackpositivequalitiesthatparticipantsassociatewitholdergenerations.（他指出，固定观念仍然存在，研究显示，成千上万的美国人认为“现在的孩子”缺乏与老一辈人联系在一起的积极品质。）”可知，人们认

为现在孩子缺乏积极品质。以及空后“Theresearchersarguedthatthiswasbecauseweprojectourcurrentselvesontoourpastselves.（研究人员认为，这是因为我们把当前的自我投射到过去的自我上。）”

可知，这里在反对前面的看法。空格和前面构成转折关系，thisisn’sbecause和thiswasbecause呼应，D项“Butthisisn’tbecausetheyouthsoftodayactuallydolackthe

sequalities（但这并不是因为现在的年轻人确实缺乏这些品质）”，符合语境，前后文是转折关系。故选D。18．根据空前“Bydoingthis,olderpeopleareunconsciouslycomparingwhotheyaretodaytotod

ay’syoungpeople,givinganimpressionthattoday’syouthissomehowonthedecline,nomatterwhichtimeswe’relivingin.（通过这样做，老年人

会不自觉地将今天的自己与今天的年轻人进行比较，给人的印象是，无论我们生活在哪个时代，今天的年轻人都在某种程度上下降。）”可知，老人们认为年轻一代在某种程度上不优秀。以及空后“Thetruthisthatoldergeneration

shavebeenaccusingtheyoungofbeinglazyandself-obsessedforcenturies.（事实是，几个世纪以来，老一辈人一直在指责年轻人懒惰和自恋。）”可知，

这里解释了事实不是年轻人不如以前。A项“Itisactuallynotthetruth（这其实不是事实）”，符合语境，truth这里的轻视和选项G中一致。故选A。19．根据空前“Thetruthisthatoldergenerationshavebeenacc

usingtheyoungofbeinglazyandself-obsessedforcenturies.（事实是，几个世纪以来，老一辈人一直在指责年轻人懒惰和自恋。）”可知，这里从老一辈情况分析。C项“Andtheoldge

nerationsareusuallytoostubborntochangethemselves（老一代通常太固执，不愿意改变自己）”，符合语境，前后都在说theoldgenerations。故选C。20．根据空后“‘whichsimplydo

esnotexistrightnow.Insteadofhavingfrankconversationsacrossgenerations,wealwayssaythatyoungerpeoplearesnowflakesandolderpeoplearedinosaur

s.（现在根本不存在。我们总是说年轻人是雪花，老年人是恐龙，而不是世代之间的坦率对话。）”可知，本段建议两代人要对话，这是现在不存在的现象。E项“Thebestwaytogettheoldtostopblamingtheyoungistocre

ateadialogue（让老年人停止指责年轻人的最好方法是建立对话）”，符合语境。故选E。21．B22．D23．A24．C25．B26．D27．A28．C29．B30．D31．A32．C33．B34．D35．A【导语】

本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者是个老派的读者。喜欢旧书。独自到陌生城市从事日报工作，从原来对头条渴望的职业病到感慨对人们来说，以前不知道的一切事实，都是新闻。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：简单地说，我

喜欢旧书。A.buy购买；B.love热爱；C.recommend推荐；D.hate痛恨。根据“I’manold-schoolreader”可知，作者爱读旧书。故选B。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我

独自一人来到一个陌生的城市，开始了我的第一份日报工作，当我走进一家旧书店来放松心情时，我隐约感到焦虑。A.stop停止；B.lose失去；C.keep保持；D.take从事。根据“myfirstdailynewspaperjob”可知，作者独自到新城市开

始自己的第一份工作。故选D。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我独自一人来到一个陌生的城市，开始了我的第一份日报工作，当我走进一家旧书店来放松心情时，我隐约感到焦虑。A.relieve如释重负；B.change改变；C.train培训；D.feed喂养。根据“Idippedintoause

dbookstore”可知，作者独自到新城市开始自己的第一份工作，有一天去书店放松心情。故选A。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：书架上，满是往日的气息，迅速使我平静下来。A.disappointed使失望的；B.surprised使惊

讶的；C.calmed使平静；D.stressed使受压力。根据“fullofthesmellofthepast”可知，作者爱读旧书，所以书架上的旧书让她平静。故选C。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所选择

的新闻业的职业病之一，就是渴望掌握“下一个大事件”的前沿。A.freedom自由；B.profession职业；C.company陪伴；D.action行动。根据“myfirstdailynewspaperjob”可知，作者选择了新闻业作职业。故选B。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：书店里那些书

脊开裂、书页发黄的书名有力地指引着我从长远的角度看问题。A.books书籍；B.words单词；C.lines线；D.pages书页。根据“Withtheircrackedspines(书脊)”可知，旧书书脊开裂、书页泛黄。故选D。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“没必要为今

天的头条太激动，”他们似乎在说。“太阳底下没有什么新鲜事。”。A.need需要；B.wonder好奇；C.doubt怀疑；D.question问题。根据“Thereisnotmuch____underthesun.””可知

，没必要为今天的头条太激动。故选A。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“没必要为今天的头条太激动，”他们似乎在说。“太阳底下没有什么新鲜事。”。A.amazing令人惊叹的；B.interesting有趣的；C.new新的；D.dull枯燥的。根据“today’she

adline”可知，太阳底下没什么新鲜事意思是现在正在发生的、将来还会发生。故选C。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“昌盛不是没有很多恐惧与厌恶，”培根写到“逆境也不是没有安慰与希望”。A.inspirations鼓舞；B.fe

ars恐惧；C.amusements好笑；D.strengths优点。根据“anddislikes”可知，与厌恶表示并列的名词，通过对比选项是贬义词恐惧。故选B。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“昌盛不是没有很多恐惧与厌恶，”培根写到“逆境也不是没有安慰与希望”。A.ow

nership拥有权；B.relationship关系；C.friendship友谊；D.hardship困难。根据“Prosperity(繁荣)”可知，在逆境中也会有安慰与希望。故选D。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，那种安慰和希望往往来自一

本二手书。A.book书籍；B.computer电脑；C.chair椅子；D.shop商店。根据“I’manold-schoolreader”可知，作者爱读旧书。故选A。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：深入阅读过去至少可以像关注当天的新闻一样有教育意义。A.mind-bl

owing令人兴奋的；B.doubtful怀疑的；C.instructive有教育意义的；D.breathtaking惊人的。根据“Forme,thatcomfortandhopeoftencomefromasecond-hand11

”可知，阅读和了解当天的新闻都可以是教育意义的。故选C。33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要担心错过最新的八卦。A.reflecton反思；B.worryabout担忧；C.takeup从事；D.dreamof梦想。“missingoutonthe14go

ssip”可知，不因为错过头条八卦而担忧。故选B。34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要担心错过最新的八卦。A.silly愚蠢的；B.common普通的；C.best最好的；D.latest最新的。根据“today’sheadlin

e,”可知，最新的八卦新闻。故选D。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人以前不知道的一切事实，对他来说都是新闻。A.know知道；B.hear听到；C.research研究；D.confirm确认。根据“arene

wstohim.”可知，以前不知道的事情对人们来说都是新闻。故选A。36．which37．those38．lost39．essentials40．The41．provided42．more43．being44．undoubtedly45．what【导语】本文是

新闻报道。新闻报道了欧洲人正在努力降低能源消耗，但能源支出仍在不断攀升，欧洲国家公民也在自愿采取行动，减少消费。36．考查定语从句。句意：英国消费者的能源成本将从10月起上涨80%，使家庭年平均能源账单达到3,5

49英镑。指代前面整件事，引导非限制性定语从句，作主语，用which，故填which。37．考查代词。句意：这使得能源危机比上世纪七八十年代更为严重。由空后“the1970sand1980s”可知，此处需用代词those，表示是20世纪70年代和8

0年代的能源危机。故填those。38．考查动词时态。句意：今年4月，Keetley失去了议会顾问的工作，每月靠社会保障计划提供的600英镑生活。inApril表示过去时间，用一般过去时，故填lost。39．考查名词复数。句意：他说，其中一半用来付房租，剩下的勉强够支付生活必需品。冠词

后用名词，表示各种必需品，essential复数名词是essentials，故填essentials。40．考查冠词。句意：生活成本增加了，但你却要靠没有危机时准备好的钱生活…我要么开暖气要么吃东西。特指生活成本，名词前用定冠词，位于句首，首字母大写，故填The

。41．考查非谓语动词。句意：生活成本增加了，但你却要靠没有危机时准备好的钱生活…我要么开暖气要么吃东西。分析句子可知，areexpectedto是谓语动词，所以空处为非谓语，money和provid

e是被动关系，用过去分词，作定语，beprovidedfor表示“为……做准备”，故填provided。42．考查比较级。句意：根据英国慈善机构“国家能源行动”和其他英国慈善机构的说法，如果一个家庭收入较低，需要在能源上花费10%或更多的收入，那

么这个家庭就被定义为生活在燃料贫困中。even后用比较级，故填more。43．考查动名词。句意：专家们一致认为，尽管这是一个艰难的季节，但欧洲无疑将度过冬季，但令人担忧的是明年会发生什么。介词despite需接动名词。故填being。44．考查副词。句意

：专家们一致认为，尽管这是一个艰难的季节，但欧洲无疑将度过冬季，但令人担忧的是明年会发生什么。副词修饰动词，作状语，这里undoubtedly修饰make，故填undoubtedly。45．考查宾语从句。句意：专家们一致认为，尽管这是一个艰难的季节，但欧洲无疑将度过冬季，但令人担忧的是

明年会发生什么。be动词后是表语从句，作主语，用what引导表语从句，故填what。46．DearJim,Ihopeyou’rehavingagreatweek.I’mwritingtoaskifyouha

vetimeduringthewinterholidaytodosomevolunteerwork.Thiscomingwinter,myschoolisgoingtoholdanEnglishDebateCamp,whichwilllastforthreeweeksstartin

gfromJanuary18.ThepurposeofthecampistoteachstudentshowtodebateinEnglish.Theschoolplanstoinvitesomeforeignerstoworkasteachingassista

ntsatthecamp.Theirresponsibilitieswillincludehelpingstudentswithlanguageskillsanddebatetechniques.Ifyouareinterestedandavailableduringthattime

,myschoolwouldgreatlyappreciateyourassistance.Forfurtherinformation,youcanlogontotheschoolwebsite.Yours,LiHua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是光明中学高三学生李华。

你校将在寒期举办英语冬令营活动，正在招募外籍志愿者担任助教。请给你的英国朋友Jim写封邮件，希望他参加招募。【详解】1.词汇积累询问：ask→inquire举行：hold→host目标：purpose→goal/target担任：workas→serveas2

.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Theschoolplanstoinvitesomeforeignerstoworkasteachingassistantsatthecamp.Theirresponsibilitieswillincludehelpingstudent

swithlanguageskillsanddebatetechniques.拓展句：Theschoolplanstoinvitesomeforeignerstoworkasteachingassistantsatthecamp,whoserespo

nsibilitieswillincludehelpingstudentswithlanguageskillsanddebatetechniques.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mwritingtoaskifyouhavetimeduringthewinterholid

aytodosomevolunteerwork.(运用了if引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]Thiscomingwinter,myschoolisgoingtoholdanEnglishDebateCamp,whichwil

llastforthreeweeksstartingfromJanuary18.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)47．Thenextday,theymetonthecampusofDuran’sschool.Aftershe

gaveDuranagratefulandaffectionatehug,Johnson’smothertookoutanenvelopecontainingthemoneysheborrowed.HardlyhadDurancaughtsightof

itwhensheshookherhead,sayingnoinadeterminedway.“Idon’tthinkIdidanythingspecial,”Duranexplainedsincerely.“IjustthinkIdidwhatahumanbeingissupposedtodo

.”Actually,thekindnessandsympathydidn’tstopthere.Duran’steamraised$400togivetohertocoverthecostofalltheex

tralunchesshehadmadeoutofherownpocket.However,Duranrefusedtokeepthemoneyraisedespeciallyforher.Instead,shedonatedittothecafeteriaatherson’ssch

oolwithoutasecondthought.Themoneywasenoughtopaybackthepastdueaccountsofallherson’spoorfellowstudentswho

boughtschoollunch.“Noweveryonecaneat,”Duransaidwithashiningsmile,proudthatitallstartedwithher14-year-oldson’scloseobservationofsom

eoneotherthanhimself—someonehecouldgiveahelpinghandto,usingapackedlunchmadewithlotsoflove.【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了D

ylan的儿子在上学期间要求带更多的食物，刚开始作者认为她的儿子需要更多的食物，但是她的儿子告诉她，他们班上有一个叫做Johnson的孩子家庭很困难，没有钱吃饭，所以他想要帮助他。Dylan听到后，想到曾经生活

的困难，她决定帮助Johnson的家庭。Johnson的母亲知道后，决定当面感谢作者。【详解】1.段落续写①第一段首句内容“第二天，他们在杜兰学校的校园里见面了。”可知，第一段可描写Dylan和Johnson的母亲在学校见面后，Johnso

n的母亲想要还钱，但是Dylan拒绝了。而且她还筹集了钱来帮助他们。②第二段首句内容“然而，杜兰拒绝保留特别为她筹集的资金。”可知，第二段可描写Dylan把钱捐给了学校的餐厅，帮助那些吃不上饭的孩子。

2.续写线索：儿子要求带更多的饭——知道原因——决定帮助——见面——捐钱3.词汇激活行为类偿还：payback/repay帮助某人：giveahelpinghandtosb./dosb.afavor筹集：raise/collect情绪类真诚的解释：explainsinc

erely/giveansincereexplanation灿烂的笑容：ashiningsmile/abrightsmile【点睛】【高分句型1】IjustthinkIdidwhatahumanbeing

issupposedtodo.（由what引导了did的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Themoneywasenoughtopaybackthepastdueaccountsofallherson’spoorfellowstudentswhobo

ughtschoollunch.（由who引导了限定性定语从句）