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第一部分语法专辑——全国名校名卷优选练语法专题一冠词和名词(一)冠词Ⅰ.单句语法填空:根据句意,在空线处填上适当的冠词(不需要则填“/”)。1.(2019·福建厦门一中高三上期末模拟)Youcanapplyonlineattheirwebsiteorby________telephone.答
案:/bytelephone“通过电话,打电话”,是固定用法。2.(2019·山东济南高三一模)Theprocessisnoteasy,andittakes________longtime.答案:atakealongtime(todosth.)“花费一段很长的时间(做某事)”,固定搭配。3.(
2019·福建厦门一中第一学期质检)________mosteffectiveamongtheseresourcesisgeothermal(地热的)energy.答案:The形容词最高级前应用定冠词th
e。4.(2019·南昌一模)Weshouldtake________activeattitudetoourstudies,andtrytogetamarkthatistrueaswellasgood.答案:anattitude表示“态度”时为可数名词,这里表
示泛指,应用不定冠词,active的发音以元音音素开头,故其前应加an。5.(2019·合肥市高三调研性测试)There,apatchseemstoend,butallof________sudden,anewworldisrolledoutbefor
eyou:pavilion(亭子),rock,formationandspringwater.答案:aallofasudden=suddenly“突然地”,固定搭配。6.(2019·山东青岛高三一模)Chinaknowshowimportantit
istosafeguardthecurrentworldorderinwhichtheUNplays________importantrole.答案:anplayanimportantrole“起到重要作用”,固定搭配。important发音为元音音素开头,故其前用
an。7.(2019·陕西榆林高考模拟)Youcaneithertravelorread,buteitheryourbodyorsoulmustbeon________way.答案:theontheway“在路上”。8.(2019·山东临沂期中)T
othisbeautiful,culturallyremarkableisland,people'srecognitionis________honor.答案:anhonor通常用作抽象名词,表示“荣誉”,但此处属于抽象名词具体化,故honor前面需用不定冠词,表示“一种荣誉”;其发音以元音音素开
头,故用an。9.(2019·洛阳统一考试)Icouldonlytellhim________truth.Insteadofscolding,hepraisedmyhonestyandthenencouragedmetoapologiz
etoourneighbor.答案:thetellthetruth“说实话”,为固定词组。10.(2019·山东临沂一中月考)Justthenextmorning,Ifoundmymotheroutofcondition.Shehad________co
ld.答案:ahaveacold是固定搭配,意为“感冒”。11.(2019·浙江台州高三第一学期期末质量评估)Livingnextto________Spellmans,ournewneighbors,almostdrovemymothercrazy.答案:th
ethe用在姓氏复数前,表示一家人。12.(2019·安徽江南十校高三第二次大联考)Famedforhisworkexploringtheoriginsoftheuniverse,Hawkingdiedat________ageof76.答案:t
heattheageof...为固定短语,表示“在……岁数时”。13.(2019·长沙一模)Afterwork,helearnedtoplay________guitar.答案:theguitar为西洋乐器,需在其前加定冠词the。14.(2019·贵州黔东南州高三下一模)Ittell
sthestoryofQueen,theBritishrockgroupthatrosetoworldwidefamein________1970s.答案:theinthe1970s为固定短语,表示“在20世纪70年代”。15.(2019·湖北黄冈市高三9月质检)
TransportationinLondonisdividedintozones,meaning________furtheryouintendtogo,themoreexpensiveitwillcostyou.答案:the“the
+比较级,the+比较级”句式,表示“越……(就)越……”。Ⅱ.单句改错:下面每句各有一处错误,请把答案写在句子后面的横线上。1.(2019·合肥二模)AsimpleprojecttohelpafamilyinaneedstoppedLakeMi
ckelsoninhistracks.__________________________________________________________________答案:去掉need前的ainneed为固定短语,表示“处于困境的,需要帮助的”,故去
掉a。2.(2019·湖北名校联盟三模押题卷四)EvenifMonmouth'scoffeeislittlemoreexpensive,there'sasatisfactioninknowingyourpoundsaren
'tgoingstraighttothebigcorporations._________________________________________________________________答案:little前加a此处修饰形容词的比较级“moreexpensive”表示程度只有“一
点儿”,故在little前加a。3.(2019·辽宁五校期末联考)Itisindeedaremarkablethingforyoutohaveachievedsuchgreatasuccess.___________________________________________________
_______________答案:去掉第二个asuccess用作抽象名词时,是不可数名词,其前不用冠词。此处achievesuccess意为“获得成功”,把greatsuccess看成名词短语,故去掉a。4.(2019·广东省高三“六校联盟”第一次联考)WhenIwasyoung,I
wasterriblypoorintheChinese._________________________________________________________________答案:去掉theChinese在这里意为“中文,汉语”,为不可
数名词,其前一般不用冠词。故去掉the。5.(2019·甘肃天水一中高三三模)Iworkpart-timeinasupermarketacrossfromabuildingforanelderly.____________
______________________________________________________答案:an→thethe用在形容词前表示一类人,theelderly表示“老年人”,故把an改为the。6.(2019·襄阳模拟)Studyin
gatanuniversityintheUKhasbeenagoodexperienceforme._______________________________________________________________
__答案:an→auniversity虽然是以元音字母开头,但其发音却是以辅音音素开头,故其前的不定冠词应用a。7.(2019·安徽安庆高三二模)Unfortunately,hehasbrokenapromisethatheandMelindahadmade._
_________________________________________________________________答案:a→thethe用在由短语或从句修饰的名词前表特指,故把a改为the。8.(2019·安徽江南十校高三第二次大联考)Inafact,besi
desthesetwotraditions,therearemanyothers.__________________________________________________________________答案:去掉ainfact“实际上”,为固定短语
,故去掉a。9.(2019·清华大学附中高三下一模)Whatistheattitudeofthecollegegraduatestowardsreturningahome?_____________________
_____________________________________________答案:去掉ahome在本句中作副词使用,表示“向家”;return用作“返回”时是不及物动词,与副词直接连用,故去
掉a。10.(2019·烟台模拟)Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthebasketballeveryafternoon.____________________________________
______________________________答案:去掉the球类活动前不加冠词,故去掉basketball前的the。11.(2019·山东泰安高三一模)MostcouplesdemonstratetheirloveontheFebruary14withflowe
rsorchocolates.__________________________________________________________________答案:去掉theon作介词,直接修饰表示时间的名词。12.(2019·湖南湘潭高三上一
模)Finally,thezoowasrepairedinmid-1980sandreopenedin1988._________________________________________________________________答案:mi
d-1980s前加theinthemid-1980s特指时间,表示“在20世纪80年代中期”。13.(2019·宁夏自治区银川一中高三月考)Withhishelp,wehavemadeagreatprogress.____________________________
___________________________________答案:去掉amakegreatprogress是固定短语,表示“取得极大进步”,故去掉a。14.(2019·湖北四地七校联考)Knockedunconscious,thepersonwasse
nttoanearesthospitalimmediately._________________________________________________________________答案:a→the此处表述“被送到了最近的
医院”,因而形容词最高级前应加定冠词,故把a改为the。15.(2019·兰州一中高三月考)MostofthestudentsarefromotherpartsofChinaandhavecometoBeijingataveryyoungageofsixteenorseventeen.____
______________________________________________________________答案:a→theattheageof是固定搭配,表示“在……岁数时”。Ⅲ.单句写作:根据句意和括号内内容的提示,
在空线处填上适当的答案。1.(2019·浙江杭州高三第一次期末质量检测)Aworkofartcreatedbyartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeensoldbyamajorsellerfor_____________
___.(第一次)答案:thefirsttime2.(2019·浙江台州高三第一学期期末质量评估)Unfortunatelyforanyreadersworkinghardon__________________,
Keynesjumpedathisconclusiontoosoon.(一个星期五下午)答案:aFridayafternoon3.(2019·广东惠州市高三第三次调研考试)Accordingtoarecentstudy,t
hesesocialimagessay____________aboutourpersonality.(很多)答案:alot4.(2019·炎德、英才大联考湖南师大附中高三月考)Theseanimalsput
halfoftheirbrainstosleepat____________sothattheycanrestwhileremainingwatchfulenoughtoavoidpredators.(一次)答案:atime5.(2019·安徽安庆高三二模)Inapark,thefam
ousBelgianartistKoenVanmechelenhad______________calledComingWorld,RememberMe.(一个展览)答案:anexhibition/adisplay6.(2019·陕西宝鸡中学高三三模)Sh
ehasevenfoundedanorganizationthathelpstofreeslavesandgivethem__________________inlife.(第二次机会)答案:asecondchance7.(2019·四川棠湖
中学第二次诊断模拟)Oneof____________enginesonhisplanehadfailed.(两个)答案:thetwo8.(2019·山东济南高三一模)Alawbeginswhensomeone________
________________.(提出一个想法)答案:putsforwardanidea9.(2019·宁夏大学附属中学高三一模)We________________wecouldwithwhatwehadtoworkwithandcalledt
hisareaour“rockgarden”.(做到最好)答案:didthebest10.(2019·山东济宁高三一模)__________________________,theSeaCadetteenagersw
hosetsailwereallmale.(在过去的三年里)答案:For/In/Duringthepast/lastthreeyears(二)名词Ⅰ.单句语法填空:根据句意,在空线处填上适当的名词。1.
(2019·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)Studyingabroadwasoneofthebest________(decision)Ihadevermade.答案:decisionsoneofthebest表示“最好的……之一”后
加名词复数形式,谓语动词为单数形式。2.(2019·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试)Thegoodenvironmentandwaterresourceshavecontributedmuchtothe________(grow)ofthetea.答案:growth句意:良好的环境和水资源对茶
的生长贡献良多。根据空格前的定冠词和空格后的“ofthetea”可知,此处用名词growth。3.(2019·陕西宝鸡中学高三三模)UrmilaChaudharygainedher________(f
ree)10yearsagoandhasbeencampaigningagainstthetraditioneversince.答案:freedom根据空格处前面的形容词性物主代词her可知,此处用free的名词形式freedom。4.(2019·广
东省七校联合体高三第一次联考)InsomeclassicalChinesenovels,thereare________(describe)ofcharmingwomeninredsilkshoes.答案
:descriptionsbe动词为are时,are后面的名词应该是复数形式。5.(2019·高三第一次全国大联考)Thisdisplayispartofthe________(museum)contributiontotheIndia-UKYearofCulture2017
.答案:museum's此处表示“博物馆对……的贡献的一部分”,contribution和museum之间为所属关系,用名词所有格。6.(2019·广东省茂名市化州市二模)Thestudyalsofo
und________(differ)intheimmunesystemsofbothgroups.答案:differencesfound为动词find的过去式,后加名词;并且后面的immunesystems为复数形式,所以填di
fferences。7.(2019·辽宁省五校高三期末考试)Thereareobvious________(similar)betweenmathematicalandmusicalactivity.答案:similaritiesobvious是形容词,修饰名词;be动词为are,故填si
milarity的复数形式。8.(2019·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)Actuallywithmy________(confident)builtup,Inowturnouttobeagreatspeaker.答案:confidence
“with+名词+过去分词”构成with的复合结构,表示谓语动作发生的原因。9.(2019·福建厦门高三期末)The________(discuss)onrenewableenergyhasbeengoingonforatleastadecadeandpeoplehave
reliedonfossilfuelsalmostentirelyformorethanacentury.答案:discussion名词短语作主语,且谓语动词为“hasbeen”,主语应为单数,故discuss变成discussion。
10.(2019·湖北名校冲刺必刷高三二模)Lettingtheroleofbooksevolveinyourlifeisahealthysignof________(curious).答案:curiosityasignof...“……的标志”,介词
of后面应该接名词形式。11.(2019·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试)Thehigh-techwalletwillbereleasedlaterthisyearandwillcomeinthree________(model).答案:modelsmodel为可数名词
,根据空格前的数词“three”可知,该处用复数形式。12.(2019·云南省玉溪一中高三第二次考试)Ithassignificanceinvarious________(field)andrepresentsChinesepeople'sstr
ongspirit.答案:fieldsvarious后跟可数名词的复数,所以填field的复数形式。13.(2019·贵州省遵义航天高级中学第一次模拟)Itisalandscapethatshows________(warm)inthepai
nting.答案:warmthshow(展示)是及物动词,后面应接名词作宾语,故答案为warmth。14.(2019·河北衡水中学高三模拟题卷二)________(dog)ownersshouldhavegoodcontrolovertheirdogs.答案:Dog此处Dog用作定语
修饰owners。15.(2019·湖北名校冲刺必刷高三二模)Toher________(disappoint),however,itdidnotturnoutthatwaylater.答案:disappointmenttoone's+情感名词,表示“令人……的是”,故填disa
ppointment。Ⅱ.单句改错:下面每句各有一处错误,请把答案写在句子后面的横线上。1.(2019·山东济宁一中高三第一次调研考试)However,toomuchraindoesalotofharmstous._________________________________
_________________________________答案:harms→harmdoharmtosb.“对某人造成伤害”,harm为不可数名词,故把harms改成harm。2.(2019·广东肇庆高中毕业班第一次检测)Goo
dafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen,welcometothisyearEnglishspeechcompetition.__________________________________________________________________答
案:year→year's根据句意“今年的英语演讲比赛”,故用year的名词所有格形式。3.(2019·河北省精英中学高三第二次调研)Muchtomydelights,myvocabularyhasexp
andedagreatdeal.__________________________________________________________________答案:delights→delighttoone'sdelight表示
“让某人高兴的是”,为固定短语,故用delight。4.(2019·宁夏吴忠中学高三下一模)Assoonasheleft,thewaiterattachedapieceofpaperstothewallsaying“ACupofCoffee.”____________
______________________________________________________答案:papers→paperpaper是不可数名词。5.(2019·昆明市高三摸底调研测试)LastweekIcaughtaseriouscoldandhadtofollow
thedoctor'sadvicestotakemedicine.__________________________________________________________________答案:advices→adviceadvice是不可数名
词。6.(2019·宁夏回族自治区银川一中高三月考)Heisnowinhisthirtyandhasbeenteachingforalmosttenyears.________________________________________________________
__________答案:thirty→thirtiesinone'sthirties表示“在某人30多岁的时候”,故用thirty的复数形式。7.(2019·江西省上高县第二中学高三第七次月考)Butastheamountsofsunlightinthedayisredu
ced,levelsofemotionalpaincansoar.__________________________________________________________________答案:amounts→amounttheamounto
f为固定短语,表示“……的数量”。8.(2019·河南省六市高三下学期第一联考)Thereisapossibilityofoneormoreweathersconditions,suchasrain,withinaperio
doftime.__________________________________________________________________答案:weathers→weatherweather是不可数名词。9.(2019·长沙市高三年级统一模拟)ThePulitzer
shavelongdisplayedtheirprefertowardhighartratherthanthepopcultureofthemasses.__________________________________________________________________答案:pre
fer→preference由形容词性物主代词their可知,这里用prefer的名词形式preference,表示“偏爱,爱好”。10.(2019·宁夏大学附属中学高三一模)Itisnotonlypraiseorpunishthatdeterminesachild'slevel
ofconfidence.__________________________________________________________________答案:punish→punishment句意:决定孩子自信程度的不仅仅是表扬或者批评。or连接两个并列的名词
形式,故把punish改为punishment。11.(2019·辽宁省葫芦岛市高三下学期第一次模拟)Competitionistough,sojobseekermustcarefullyconsidertheirperso
nalchoices.__________________________________________________________________答案:seeker→seekers由their可知,用seeker的复数形式。12.(2019·辽宁省五校协作高三联合模拟)So,I'
dliketoinviteyouJoytobemypartners.__________________________________________________________________
答案:partners→partner作者邀请Joy一人作为搭档,因此应该用可数名词单数。13.(2019·广东省七校联合体高三第一次联考)Allkindsofplanes,rockets,missilesandspaceshipofgreatimportance
andvariousoldinstrumentsthatfamouspilotsandastronautsusedareondisplay._______________________________
___________________________________答案:spaceship→spaceshipsspaceship为可数名词,根据该句中的“Allkindsof”可知,该处应用其复数形式。14.(2
019·山东师范大学附中高三第二次模拟考试)BorninPolandin1867,sheisfamousforherworkonradioactivity(放射现象),andwastwiceawinoftheNobelPrize.______
____________________________________________________________答案:win→winnerawinnerof意为“一个获胜者”。15.(2019·江西省三名校(临川一中、九江一中、江西师大附中)高三联考)Allofthe
guestcanseeyourightabovethem!__________________________________________________________________答案:guest→guestsallof意为“所有的”,后跟
可数名词复数,故用guest的复数形式。Ⅲ.选词填空:从表格中选出符合句意的单词,并用其适当形式填空。错误!1.(2019·济南外国语学校高考模拟)Takedeep________andtellyourselfthatyouhaveallt
hetimeintheworldtoremember.答案:breaths此处应填名词作take的宾语;指一次呼吸时,breath为可数名词,且无冠词修饰,故填复数形式。2.(2019·河北邯郸高三一模)Whilesheadvised
himtoenjoytherewardsofhislabor,shealsowantedtomakesurethathersonknewthe________offinancialplanning.答案:importance此处表述“……的重要性”,应填名词。theimportanceofsth
.表示“某事的重要性”。3.(2019·陕西省部分学校摸底检测)Fallisatimeof________andpreparationfortheyearahead.答案:reflectionof是介词,后面接名词、代词或者动
名词作宾语;再结合空后的“preparation”可知,此处应填reflection,意为“思考,反思”。4.(2019·辽宁省实验中学、大连八中、大连二十四中、鞍山一中、东北育才学校高三上学期期末)The________oftheexperimentthatexpressedthebeliefi
ntheMozarteffectweremuchmoremodest.答案:conclusionstheconclusionof...表示“……的结果”;该句谓语动词是were,故填conclusions。5.(2
019·郑州一中高三摸底测试)TodayIspenttimetalkingtoanoldfriendaboutsomeofthe________thatwehavemadeinourlives.答案:choices此处意为“我们在生活
中所做的选择”;由空格前的定冠词the可知,此处应用名词形式,由some可知,此处应用名词的复数形式,故填choices。6.(2019·山东省菏泽市高三第一次模拟)Theresearcherssetuptwocards,eacho
fwhichhadasetof________onthem,liketrianglesorcircles.答案:symbolsasetof后接名词复数形式,结合triangles和circles可知选symbol。7.(2019·辽宁省五校协作高三联合模拟)AgroupofChin
esecarpentersand________wereshownbuildingascalemodelofoneoftheForbiddenCity'spalaces,atonefifthofthesize.答案
:engineersand连接并列结构,前后形式应保持一致,前面用名词复数carpenters,故空处也应该用名词engineer的复数形式。8.(2019·合肥二模)This________couldexpandtheran
geofapplicationswhereclassificationtechnologycanbeused.答案:discovery设空处为本句主语,要用名词,结合句意可知意为“发现”,所以用discover的名词形式。9.(2019·宁夏
银川一中高三一模)Theseexperiencesaffectthe________ofthebrain.答案:development由空格前的the和空格后的of可知,空格处应为名词形式,此处表述“大脑的发育”,故用develop的名词形式。10.(2019·陕西商洛山阳中学高考模
拟)Inthefuture,it'slikelythatthegovernmentmayusetheEFSETtotestmillionsof________andstudents.答案:employees此处表述“雇员”。millionsof+可数名词的复数形式,表示“成千上万
的”。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com