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高二英语Mid-term云练习2022I.ListeningComprehension（25分）1.A.Inabus.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inahairdressingshop.D.Inashoppingcenter

.2.A.Thecoffeeshop.B.Thedininghall.C.Thelibrary.D.Thedormitorybuilding.3.A.Hercreditcard.B.Herhandbag.C.Herpassport.D.

Hernewshoes.4.A.Themanenjoyedthelecturemuch.B.Themanmissedthelecturebecauseoffallingsleep.C.Themanhasattendedthelectureandcouldn'tenj

oyit.D.Themancouldn'tfallasleepwhenenjoyingthelecture.5.A.Hethinksit'stoocoldtogoout.B.Hehasnointerestedinsho

ppingandeating.C.Heissatisfiedwithanychoicethatthewomanmakes.D.It'sboringforhimtotalkwiththewoman.6.A.It’sawasteoftime

readingthem.B.Toomanyfalseadvertisementscheatconsumers.C.Theadvertisementisbeneficialtous.D.Theadvertisementisatwo-edgedsword.7.A.He

feelsregretfulaboutit.B.Inspiteoflackingtimetowander,itiscolorful.C.Comparedwithhisexpectation,itisdisappointing.D.Heisverysatisfiedwithit.8

.A.Hecouldn'tattendherbirthdaypartyfortheschoolcharitysale.B.HewillcometodinnerintimenextSaturday.C.Hewa

ntstoinvitethewomantotheschoolcharitysale.D.Hehasnomoneytobuyabirthdaygiftforthewoman.9.A.Hethinksthepillisuselessforhi

scough.B.Hecouldn'tfindanypillinhishome.C.Heiscomplainingtothewomanofherbadsuggestion.D.Hewilltakesomepillsrightnow.10.A.Hismomhaswaitedfo

ronehourtotalkwithhim.B.Heandhismomhavenothingtotalkaboutit.C.Hespendslongtimechattingonthephonetohismom.D.Herarelytalkstohismomf

oralongtime.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Theirpriceistoohightoaffordforthepoor.B.Th

elocalresidentscangrowvegetablesandfruitsbythemselves.C.Theyarenotnutritiousandveryhardtoprepare.D.Theyarenotprettyenoughtobedisplayed

onstoreshelves.12.A.Thecompanycollectsprettyfruitsandvegetablestoearnmoremoney.BThecompanycollectsuglyfoodsandsellsthemtolo

calresidentsatadiscount.C.Thecompanythinksthattheuglyfoodsarenotashealthyasthefreshfoods..D.Thecompanyownsalotofchainsupermarke

tsandcarryuglyfoods.13.A.Refusingfoodwastingandcallingforenvironmentalprotection.B.Givingsomehelptopoorfarmers.C.Store'saddresschoosin

gandpricefixingforchainsupermarketsD.Theimportanceofdisplay.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingtalk.1

4.A.1million.B.1billion.C.10million.D.10billion.15.A.Plantingatreeforeveryman,woman,andchild.B.Plantingnewwoodlandtoprovidemoregreenarea

s.C.Engagingpeopleintheirnaturalenvironmentandimplantingtrees.D.Bringingexistingwoodlandintomanagement.16.A.Makingnaturalenvir

onmentskeeppacewitheconomicdevelopments.B.Makingairpollutionreducedandprotectingagainstnoisepollution.C.Red

ucingtheurbanheatislandeffectandflooding.D.Providingbenefitstohealthandreducingstress.Questions17through2

0arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Itwasstolenthismorning.B.Ithasbrokendownforthreedays.C.Itwasdamage

dbecauseofatrafficaccident.D.Itwasmovedawayduetowrongparking.18A.ItwasinbehindofNO.1classroombuilding.B.Studentscanpa

rktheircarsatrandomoncampuswheninemergency.C.Studentparkingtherewillreceiveaparkingfineandpayforthestoragefee.D.

Ifthismanwantstoparkhere,heneedstobringhisstudentcardalong.19.A.Tothecampustrafficoffice.B.Totheclassroombuilding.C.To

theadministrationbuilding.D.Tothestadium.20.A.$5.B.$25.C.$20.D.$55.Grammar(20分)(A)TheRoadtoPandemicRecover

yTheeventsofthepastyearorsohaveledtoafocusonmentalhealthlikeneverbefore.Forstressedhealthworkers,peopleisolatedduringlockdownandthose___1___(reco

ver)fromchronicillnessorworriedaboutlosing.theirjobsorseeingentireindustriescollapse,thecoronaviruspandemichaspresentedamulti-prongedattackonmenta

lhealthandwell-being.FadelZeidan,whoheadstheCenterforMindfulnessattheUniversityofCalifornia.SanDiego(UCSD),saysth

athe___2___(expect)acovid-relatedsurgeindrugaddictionandpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD).Earlystudiesbearthisout.On

esurveyhasindicatedthataftersomecities’strictlockdown,ratesofPTSDamongadultstherereachednearly80percent.AlmostathirdofadultsintheUSandItalyareestima

ted____3____(affect).Couldmindfulnesstraininghelppeopletorideouttherestofthepandemicandtorecoverafterwards?Thereis

littlehardevidencesofar,butasurveyofthousandsofpeopleinItalyinMarchandApril2020,whenthecountrywasunderlockdo

wn,concludedthatthosewhowerenaturallymindful—abletopayattentiontowhattheyweresensing___4___judgingit—expe

riencedlesspsychologicaldistress.Oneadvantagefordeliveringmindfulnessmeditationduringapandemicis___5___guidedsessionsworkjustaswellonli

neasthose___6___(deliver)inperson.Severalresearchcentres,includingZeidan’sandtheOxfordMindfulnessCentreintheUK,

havebeenofferingfreeonlinemindfulnesssessionssincelockdowns___7___(impose)inMarch2020.TheOxfordsessionsandpodc

asts___8___(access)bytensofthousandsofpeople.Basedonunpublisheddatacollectedon400participants,Zeidansaysth

esessionsatUCSD’sSanfordInstituteforEmpathyandCompassionhavesuccessfullyreducedstress,depressionandanxiety.Peoplea

lsoreportfeelinglesslonelyandmoresociallyconnected,hesays.NicholasVanDam,attheUniversityofMelbourneinAustr

alia,sayscoronaviruslockdownshavenotonlyincreasedtheneedforemotionalsupport,buthavealsopromptedpeopletorethink____9____isimportantintheirlives.“Min

dfulnessmeditationmayfitthebillforsome,_____10_____alsohelpingpeopletoanswersomeofthosebigquestions,”hesays.1.A.havingrecoveredB.recovering

C.havingbeenrecoveredD.beingrecovered2.A.isexpectedB.willexpectC.isexpectingD.willbeexpected3.A.tohavebeenaffectedB.tobeaffectedC.tobeaffecti

ngD.toaffect4.A.afterB.whileC.withoutD.upon5.A.thatB.howC.whateverD.why6.A.havingbeendeliveredB.beingdeliveredC.deliveredD.havingdeli

vered7.A.hadimposedB.imposedC.hadbeenimposedD.wereimposed8.A.areaccessedB.wereaccessedC.haveaccessedD.havebeenaccessed9.A.whatB.wha

teverC.anythingD.something10.A.andB.whileC.whereasD.as【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.C7.D8.D9.A10.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新冠疫情对人的身

心健康的影响，并介绍正念训练及正念冥想，以此帮助疫情中的人们。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于压力重重的卫生工作者、在封锁期间被隔离的人以及那些从慢性病中恢复过来或担心失去工作或看到整个行业崩溃的人来说，冠状病毒大流行对心理健康和身体健康造成了多管齐下的攻击。A.havingrecov

ered已经康复；B.recovering康复；C.havingbeenrecovered已经被恢复；D.beingrecovered被恢复。根据句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。Those与recover是主谓关系，应用现在分

词recovering，作定语。故选B。【2题详解】考查动词时态。句意：圣地亚哥(UCSD)表示，他预计与新冠病毒相关的药物成瘾和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)激增。A.isexpected被预计；B.willexpect将预计；C.is

expecting正预计；D.willbeexpected将被预计。根据句子结构可知，主语he与expect是主谓关系，应用主动语态。根据句意可知，此处表示“他预计与新冠病毒相关的药物成瘾和创伤后应激障碍将发生激增”，应用现在进行时，描述将来要发生的事情。故选

C。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据估计，美国和意大利近三分之一的成年人受到影响。A.tohavebeenaffected已经被影响；B.tobeaffected被影响；C.tobeaffecting正在影响；D.toaffe

ct影响。根据句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配beestimatedtodosth.，表示“被估计做某事”，设空处填不定式的结构。根据句意，此处描述过去发生的事对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，结合短语beestimatedtodosth.，

故用不定式的现在完成式，结构是tohavedone。adults与affect是动宾关系，故用被动语态，结合时态及句子结构，故用不定式的现在完成时的被动语态，结构是tohavebeendone。故选A。【

4题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，几乎没有确凿的证据，但2020年3月和4月，当意大利处于封锁状态时，对数千人进行的一项调查得出的结论是，那些天生正念的人，能够关注他们所感知的东西而不评判它

，经历较少的心理困扰。A.after在……之后；B.while在……期间；C.without没有；D.upon在……上。根据“experiencedlesspsychologicaldistress.”可知，接受过正念训练的人或天生正念的人会经历较少的心理困扰，故

推知正念的人不会在心里评判事物，而是感知事物。故选C。【5题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：在大流行期间提供正念冥想的一个优点是，指导课程的在线效果与亲自提供的课程一样好。A.that引导从句；B.how如何；C.whate

ver无论什么；D.why为什么。根据句子结构可知，此句是表语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分只起到连接的作用，应用that。故选A。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在大流行期间提供正念冥想的一个优点

是，指导课程的在线效果与亲自提供的课程一样好。A.havingbeendelivered已经被提供；B.beingdelivered被提供；C.delivered提供；D.havingdelivered已经提供了。根据句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。thos

e指代guidedsessions，guidedsessions与deliver是动宾关系，应用过去分词delivered，作定语。故选C。【7题详解】考查动词语态。句意：自2020年3月实施封锁以来，包括Zeidan

和英国牛津正念中心在内的几个研究中心一直在提供免费的在线正念课程。A.hadimposed已经推行；B.imposed推行；C.hadbeenimposed已经被推行；D.wereimposed被推行。根据句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词。sinc

e后的句子应用一般过去时。主语lockdowns与impose是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合时态，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语lockdowns是复数，故用wereimposed。故选D。【8题详解】考查动词语态。句意：牛津大学的课程

和播客已被成千上万的人访问。A.areaccessed被访问；B.wereaccessed被访问；C.haveaccessed已经访问；D.havebeenaccessed已经被访问。根据句意，此处描述过去发

生的事对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。根据句子结构，此处应填谓语动词。主语TheOxfordsessionsandpodcasts与access是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合时态，故用现在完成时的被动语态(have/hasbeen

done)。主语TheOxfordsessionsandpodcasts是复数，故用havebeenaccessed。故选D。【9题详解】考查连接词及代词词义辨析。句意：澳大利亚墨尔本大学的NicholasVanDam表示，冠状病毒的封锁不仅增加了对情感支持的需求，而且还促使人们重新思

考在他们的生活中，什么是重要的事情。A.what什么；B.whatever无论什么；C.anything任何事情；D.something某事。根据句子结构可知，____9____isimportantintheirlives作rethink的宾语，所以此句

是宾语从句。引导词在宾语从句中作主语，表示“什么”。故选A。【10题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：“正念冥想可能符合某些人的要求，同时也可以帮助人们回答一些重大问题，”他说。A.and并且；B.while与此同时；C.whereas然而；D.as因为。根据句子结构，主从句的主语都是Mi

ndfulnessmeditation，此句考查状语从句的省略，所以从句省略主语及谓语。“Mindfulnessmeditationmayfitthebillforsome”与“alsohelpingpeopletoanswersomeo

fthosebigquestions”是并列关系，根据句意，设空处应表示“同时”，故用连词while。故选B。(B)DogshavefacialexpressionstouseonhumansScientistshavediscoveredthatdogspr

oducemorefacialmovementwhenahumanispayingattentiontothem—includingmakingtheireyesappearbigger—thanwhenthey____11____(ignore).Thisnew

researchgoes____12____thebeliefthatanimalfacialexpressionsarelargelyunconsciousreflectionsofinternalfeelings—r

atherthanawaytocommunicate.“Facialexpressionisoftenseenas___13___drivenbyemotion,insteadofsomethingthatanimalscanchan

ge___14___(depend)ontheircircumstances,”saidBridgetWaller,professorofevolutionarypsychologyattheUniversityofPortsmouth,andanauthoroft

hestudy.Theresearchjoinsanumberofstudiesexploringtheextraordinaryrelationshipbetweenhumansandtheirdogs,includingsomer

esearchthatsuggeststhatdogsunderstandnotonlywordsspokenbyhumans—butalsothetoneofvoice.Astudypublished____15____ScientificReport

sdescribestheuseofavideocameratorecordthefacialmovementof24dogs.Inthisexperiment,humans____16____facedtheanimals,orfacedaway,a

ndpresentedthedogwithtastyfood,ordidnot.Therecordingswerethenexaminedbytheteamframebyframe___17___(determine)changesint

hefacialmusclesofthedogs.Theresultsrevealthatthedogsproducedfarmorefacialexpressionswhenthehumanswerefacingthem,____18____

whentheyturnedaway.“Theresearchtellsusthattheirfacialexpressionsareprobablyresponsivetohumans—notjust

tootherdogs,”saidWaller.Healsosaidthatittoldussomethingabouthowdomesticationhadshapeddogs,and___19___ithadchangedthemsot

hatthey_____20_____bemorecommunicativewithhumans.11.A.arebeingignoredB.havebeenignoredC.wereignoredD.willbeignored12.A.beyondB.withinC.aga

instD.without13.A.anythingB.somethingC.thatD.whatever14.A.todependB.dependedC.havingdependedD.depending15.A.onB.

byC.forD.in16.A.whetherB.unlessC.eitherD.when17.A.determinedB.todetermineC.determiningD.tohavedetermined18.A.orB.thanC.notD.as19.A.thatB.whyC.whe

therD.where20.A.couldB.canC.wouldD.will【答案】11.A12.C13.B14.D15.D16.C17.B18.B19.A20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项最新研究，当人们看着狗时

，狗会产生更多的面部表情。【11题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：科学家发现，当人类关注狗狗时，它们会产生更多的面部运动，包括让它们的眼睛看起来比被忽视时更大。根据“whenahumanispayingattentiontoth

em”可知，句中用现在进行时。主语they与ignore(忽视)之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A。【12题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：这项新研究推翻了动物的面部表情在很大程度上是内心情感的无意识

反映——而不是一种交流方式的观点。A.beyond超出；B.within在……里面；C.against反对；D.without没有。goagainst反对，推翻。根据“thatanimalfacialexp

ressionsarelargelyunconsciousreflectionsofinternalfeelings—ratherthanawaytocommunicate”并结合前文可知，新的研究推翻了以前的观点。故选C。【13题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：

朴茨茅斯大学进化心理学教授、该研究的作者之一布里奇特·沃勒说：“人们通常认为，面部表情是由情绪驱动的，而不是动物可以根据环境改变的东西。”A.anything任何事；B.something某事、某种东西；C.th

at那个；D.whatever无论什么。结合下文“something”可知，这里指动物可以根据环境所改变的东西，所以用不定代词something。故选B。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：朴茨茅斯大学进化心理学教授、该研究的作者之一布里奇特·沃勒说：“人们通常认为，面部表情是由情绪驱动的

，而不是动物可以根据环境改变的东西。”逻辑主语animals与depend(依靠)之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选D。【15题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究描述了使用摄像机记录24只狗的面部运动。A.on在……上；B.by

依靠；C.for为了；D.in在……里面。根据“ScientificReports”可知，是在《科学报告》这份杂志里面的一项研究。故选D。【16题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在这个实验中，人类要么面对着狗，要么背对着狗，给狗提供美味的食物，要么不给。A.whether是否；

B.unless除非；C.either或者；D.when当……时候。either…or…要么……，要么……。根据“orfacedaway,”可知，在实验中，人类要么面对着狗，要么背对着狗，给狗喂食。故选C。【17题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，研究小组逐帧检查这些记录，以确定狗的面部肌肉的变化。determine(确定)，根据“Therecordingswerethenexaminedbytheteamframebyframe”可知，这里用不定式作目的状语，说明研究小组逐

帧检查这些记录的目的。故选B。【18题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：研究结果显示，当人类面对狗狗时，它们的面部表情要比人类转过身去时多得多。A.or或；B.than比；C.not不；D.as因为。根据“Theresultsrevealtha

tthedogsproducedfarmorefacialexpressionswhenthehumanswerefacingthem,”可知，此处为比较状语从句连词。故选B。【19题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：他还说，这告诉我们驯化如何塑造了狗，并改变了它们，使它们

能够与人类更多地交流。根据“Healsosaidthatittoldussomethingabouthowdomesticationhadshapeddogs,”和连词and可知，本句为宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故选A。【20题详解】考查情态动词

词义辨析和时态。句意：他还说，这告诉我们驯化如何塑造了狗，并改变了它们，使它们能够与人类更多地交流。A.could能够；B.can能够；C.would将；D.will将。结合句意可知，这里表示狗能够与人类更多地交流

。结合句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故选A。Vocabulary(20分)(A)Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.adaptB.challengingC.pointsD.infectionE.vulnerableF.optimisticG.transmissibleH.restrictions

I.lessenedJ.impactK.moderateWhenWillLifeReturntoNormal?If2020felthellish,bewarnedthatwearen’toutofthef

ireyet,evenifwearemovingintherightdirection.Welcometo2021,akapurgatory.Thereislittledoubtthatvaccinesholdthekeytoen

dingthepandemic.Arecentmodelingstudypredictedthatvaccinatingjust40percentofUSadultsoverthecourseof2021wouldreducethecoronavirus____21____ratebya

round75percentandcuthospitalizationsanddeathsfromcovid-19bymorethan80percent.Butallthisisstillsomewayoff.Inthemeantime,wewillhaveto____22____toamiddl

egroundwheresomepeopleareprotectedbutnotothers.AsAdamKleczkowski,amathematicalbiologistattheUniversityofStrathc

lydeUK,____23____out,suppliesofthevariousvaccinesarelimited,distributingthemis____24____,immunitytakesafewweeks

todevelopandtheprotectiontheyofferisn’t100percent.Inthenorthernhemisphere,hesays,themostlikelyscenarioisathirdwaveofcovid-19inthenewye

ar,requiringfurtherlockdownsand____25____foruptofivemonths.“Realisticallywe’reinforalongerridethanwehopefor.”he

says.TimSpectoratKing’sCollegeLondon,wholeadstheCovid-9SymptomStudyintheUK,alsopredictsathirdwave.Butiflotsofhealthcareworkersand____26____people

havebeenvaccinated,themortalityratewillbelowerandthepressureonthehealthcaresystem____27____,hesaidatarecentRoyalSocietyofMedicineseminar.

Theupsidesofever-wideningvaccinationwillkickinaroundApril.Hesaid,“I’m____28____thatifwecanjustgetourme

ntalstatetogetheruntilEaster,wecanhangoninthere.”Therearestillmanythingswedon’tunderstandaboutthisvirus,however,andwemaywellbeinforsom

esurprisesinthecomingyearthatthrowthattrajectory（轨）offcourse.Asthismagazinewenttopress,forexample,therewaswidespreadsp

eculationaboutthe____29____ofanewvariantoftheSARS-CoV-2coronaviruscirculatingintheUKthatmaybemorehighly_____30___

__.InAustralia,thegoalwillbetokeepthevirusfromresurgingasthesummerfadesintoautumn,saysepidemiologistCatherineBennettatDeakinUniversityinMelbourne.Ar

ecentoutbreakinSydneyhasledtonewrestrictions.【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25H26.E27.I28.F29.J30.G【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述疫情人们的生活状况和人们对疫情结束的期待。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：最

近的一项模型研究预测，在2021年期间，只有40%的成年人接种疫苗就能将冠状病毒感染率降低75%左右，并且减少80%以上的住院治疗和2019冠状病毒疾病死亡。分析句子可知，空格处为定语，修饰后面的名词rate，infection“感染”为名词，可以

做定语，符合句意。故选D项。【22题详解】.考查动词。句意：同时，我们将不得不适应一个中间地带，有些人受到保护，但其他人不受保护。分析句子可知，空格处为动词，和后面的介词to构成固定短语，adapt“适应”为动词，符合句意。故选A项。【

23题详解】考查动词和主谓一致。句意：正如英国斯特拉斯克莱德大学的数学生物学家亚当·克莱兹科夫斯基指出的那样，各种疫苗的供应是有限的，分发是具有挑战性的，免疫力需要几周时间才能形成，它们提供的保护不是100%。分析句子可知，空格处为一般现在时的谓语动词

的第三人称单数形式，points“指出”为动词的第三人称单数形式，符合句意。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子可知，空格处为表语成分，表示主语distributingthem的特点和性质，所以应该是形容词，challenging“有挑战性的”为形容词，符合句意

。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词。句意：他表示，在北半球中，最有可能出现的情况是明年出现第三波covid-19疫情，需要进一步封锁和限制，时间长达5个月。分析句子可知，空格处为名词，和前面的名词lockdowns一起并列作宾语，restrictions“限制”为名词，符合句意。故选H项。【26题

详解】考查形容词。句意：他在最近的皇家医学学会研讨会上说，但是，如果大量的医疗工作者和易受伤害的人接种疫苗，死亡率将会降低，医疗系统的压力也会减轻。分析句子可知，空格处为定语，限定修饰后面的名词people，vulnerable“脆弱的；易感染的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。【27题详解】

考查动词和语态。句意：见第6题详解。分析句子可知，空格处为动词的过去分词形式表示被动的结构，和前面的willbe构成被动结构，lessened“减少”为动词的过去分词形式，符合句意。故选I项。【28题详解】考查形容词。

句意：他说：“我很乐观，如果我们能在复活节前恢复精神状态，我们就能坚持下去。”分析句子可知，空格处为表语，表示主语I的状态和态度，optimistic“乐观的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：例如，当这本杂志出版的时候，人们普遍猜测在英国流行的SARS-C

oV-2冠状病毒的一种新变种的冲击，这种病毒可能具有更高的传染性。分析句子可知，空格处为介词about的宾语，impact“影响，冲击”为名词，符合句意。故选J项。【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：见第9题详解。分析句子可知，

空格处为表语成分，表示主语的特点和性质，transmissible“传染性的，可传播的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G项。(B)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordca

nonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.cultivateB.reassuringC.opposingD.objectiveE.confidenceF.evidenceG

.perceivedH.functioningI.estimateJ.existingK.scientismWhyDoubtIsEssentialToScienceTheconfidencepeopleplacei

nscienceisfrequentlybasednotonwhatitreallyis,butonwhatpeoplewouldlikeittobe.WhenIaskedstudentsatthebeginningoftheyearhowtheywoulddefinescience,man

yofthemrepliedthatitisa(n)____31____wayofdiscoveringcertaintiesabouttheworld.Butsciencecannotprovidecertainties.Forexample,amajorityofAmeric

anstrustscienceaslongasitdoesnotchallengetheir____32____beliefs.Tothequestion“Whensciencedisagreeswiththeteachingsofyourreligion,whichonedoyoubel

ieve?”58percentofNorthAmericansfavorreligion;33percentscience;and6percentsay“itdepends.”Butdoubtinscienceisafeature,notabug.Indeed,science,

whenproperly____33____,questionsacceptedfactsandleadstobothnewknowledgeandnewquestions—notcertainty.Doubtdo

esnot____34____trust,nordoesithelppublicunderstanding.Sowhyshouldpeopletrustaprocessthatseemstorequireatroublesomestateofuncertaintywithoutalwayspr

ovidingsolidsolutions?Asahistorianofscience,Iwouldarguethatit'stheresponsibilityofscientistsandhistoriansofsciencetoshowthattherealpowero

fscienceliespreciselyinwhatisoften____35____asitsweakness:itsdrivetoquestionandchallengeapossibleexplanation.Indeed,thescientificapproachrequire

schangingourunderstandingofthenaturalworldwhenevernew____36____emergesfromeitherexperimentationorobservation.Scientificfindingsarehypothes

esthatcontainthestateofknowledgeatagivenmoment.Inthelongrun,manyofarechallengedandevenoverturned.Doubtmightbetroubling,butitstimulatesu

stowardsabetterunderstanding;certainties,as____37____astheymayseem,infactblockthescientificprocess.Scientistsunderstandthis,butinthe____38____forebe

tweenthepublicandscience,therearetwosignificanttraps.Oneisaformofblind____39____—thatis,abeliefinthecapacityofsciencetosolveallproblem

s.Andtheotherisaformofrelativismborneoutofalackof_____40_____intheveryexistenceoftruth.【答案】31.D32.J33.H

34.A35.G36.F37.B38.C39.K40.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者给大家解释了“为什么怀疑对科学至关重要”这个问题。【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：当我在年初问学生们如何定义科学时，他们中的

许多人回答说，这是一种发现世界确定性的客观方式。分词句子可知，空格处填形容词修饰名词way，objective“客观的”符合题意。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：例如，大多数美国人相信科学，只要它不挑战他们现有的信仰。

分析句子可知，空格处填形容词修饰beliefs。结合语境，existing“现存的”符合题意。故选J项。【33题详解】考查状语从句的省略结构。句意：事实上，科学在正常运转时，会质疑公认的事实，并导致新知识和新问题——而不是确定性。分析句子可知

，两个逗号中间的内容是状语从句的省略结构，修饰主语science。function作为动词，意为“起作用，运转”，和science构成主动关系，用它的现在分词形式。故选H项。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：怀疑不能培养信任，也无助于公众的理解。从空格前面的doesn’t可知，空格处填动词原形。再结合

句意，“培养信任”这个搭配是对的，cultivate“培养”。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：作为一名科学史学家，我认为科学家和科学史学家有责任证明，科学的真正力量恰恰在于人们通常认为它的弱点：它质疑和挑战可能的解释的动力，科学方法要求在实

验或观察中出现新的证据时，改变我们对自然世界的理解。此句中what引导的从句做介词in的宾语。what指的是被人们认为是弱点的东西。perceive含义是“认为，感知”符合题意。故选G项。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：科

学方法要求在实验或观察中出现新的证据时，改变我们对自然世界的理解。在whenever引导的从句中，此空做主语，一般考虑名词。结合句意“新证据出现”，evidence“证据”符合题意。故选F项。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：确定性，就像看上去像他们

看起来的一样令人安心，实际上阻碍了科学过程。as…as结构中用形容词的原级。结合句意，“确定性，似乎看起来是令人安心的”，reassuring“令人安心的”符合题意。故选B项。【38题详解】考查动名词。句意：科

学家们理解这一点，但在公众和科学之间的对立中，有两个重要的陷阱。此空在介词in后面，填名词或者动名词。结合语境，opposing“对立”符合语境。故选C项。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：一种是盲目的科学主义，即相信科学有能力解决所有问题。此空做aformof的宾语，应填入名词，结合后面的“a

beliefinthecapacityofsciencetosolveallproblems”可知，scientism“科学主义”符合语境。故选K项。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：另一种是一种相对主义，它是由于对真理的存在缺乏信心而产生的。此空应填入名词。做alackof的宾语。结合前一句内容“相

信科学有能力解决所有问题”可知，另一种就是对科学缺乏信心，confidence“信心”符合语境。故选E项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA（15分）Directions:For

eachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitstheconte

xt.Unwrappingyourshoppingtofindyouhaveboughtmouldy(发霉的)bread,rottenfruitandsourmilkcouldsoonbecomeathingofthepast,thankstotherangeofemerging'a

ctivepackaging'technologies.Whiletraditionalpackagingsimply___41___abarrierthatprotectsfood,activepackagingcandoalotmore.Somematerials___42___wi

ththeproducttoimproveitinsomeway,orprovidebetterinformationonthestateitisin.___43___,theymayabsorboxygen

insideawrappertohelppreventfoodspoilageorshowwhetherpotentiallydangerousfoodslikeredmeatandchickenhavebe

enstoredatunsafetemperatures.OneofthenewbreedofpackagingtechnologiesthathavejustgoneonthemarketinFranceisa‘timetemperatureindicator’.Store

swheretheproducthasalreadybeenintroducedreportthatfarfewerconsumersarereturning___44___food.Theindicatorisbasically

alabelthat___45___thetemperatureapackagehasbeenkeptatandforhowlong.Thelabelhasadarkringaroundalightercircle.Thecentralringcontainsachemicalw

hichpolymerises(聚合),changingcolourasitdoessofrom___46___todark.Ifthepackagestayscool,thereactionisslow,butincrea

singthetemperaturespeedsupthepolymerization.Whentheinnercircledarkens,itmeanstheproductisnolonger___47___fresh.Smartpackag

ingcanalsocontrolthe___48___oftheatmosphereinsideacontainer.Forinstance,themake-upofoxygen(O2)andcarbondioxide(CO2)withinpacka

gedvegetableswillinfluencetheirfreshness.Thiscanbehardtocontrolinasealedpackage,sincevegetables___49___moreoxygenand

giveoffmorecarbondioxideasthepackagegetswarmer.AfirminCaliforniaistryingtosolvetheproblemwithawrapperitcalls‘

Intelimer’whichchangesitspermeability(渗透)asthetemperaturechangesinawaythatkeepsdifferentproducesattheirbestO2/CO2_

___50____.Decaycanalsobe____51____bycontrollingtheenvironmentinsideapackagewithan‘oxygenscavenger’(清除剂).____52____,thisisachievedbyplacingasmallbagfi

lledwithironpowderinthepackage—anyoxygeninthepackageisconsumedbytheironasitoxidises.However,consumersdon't____53____findings

mallbagsmarked‘Don'teatintheirfood’,soacompanyinNewJerseyismakingawrapthatitselfconsumesoxygen.The____54___

_includesaninnerlayerofanoxidisablepolymer(聚合物)thattrapsoxygeninthesamewayasiron.Itispredictedthatbetween20and40percentofallfoodpacka

gingwillsoonbe____55____.41.A.actsasB.belongstoC.dealswithD.relieson42.A.interweaveB.matchC.interactD.interfere43.A.EvensoB.For

instanceC.InconsequenceD.What'smore44.A.brokenB.inadequateC.spoiltD.unnecessary45.A.elevatesB.lowersC.projectsD.tracks46.A.neutral

B.plainC.clearD.cloudy47.A.guaranteedB.observedC.purchasedD.recognized48.A.compositionB.contextC.temper

atureD.tightness49.A.generateB.consumeC.affectD.integrate50.A.componentsB.concentrationsC.mixturesD.restrictions

51.A.takenonB.spedupC.turnedawayD.sloweddown52.A.TheoreticallyB.ApparentlyC.SurprisinglyD.Currently53.A

.resistB.mindC.favorD.protest54.A.metalB.formC.powderD.material55.A.effectiveB.productiveC.activeD.inviting【答案】41.A4

2.C43.B44.C45.D46.C47.A48.A49.B50.B51.D52.D53.C54.D55.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款可以让食物保持新鲜的新型活性包装技术“时间温度指示器”，介绍了其工作原理。【41题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：传

统包装只是起到保护食品的屏障作用，而活性包装可以做得更多。A.actsas起……作用、充当；B.belongsto属于；C.dealswith处理；D.relieson依靠。由本处的“Whiletraditionalpackagingsimply___1___abarrie

rthatprotectsfood”和常识可知，传统包装起保护食品的作用。故选A项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些材料与产品相互作用，以某种方式改进产品，或提供有关产品状态的更好信息。A.interweave交织；B.match匹配；C.interact相互作用；D.in

terfere干涉。由下文的“toimproveitinsomeway,orprovidebetterinformationonthestateitisin”可知，此处在讲新型活性包装技术，要想以新的方式改进产品，提供更好的服务，那么传统包装是不行的，只能材

料和产品相互作用，产生一种新型包装。故选C项。【43题详解】考查固定搭配辨析。句意：例如，它们可能会在包装内吸收氧气，以帮助防止食物变质，或者显示像红肉和鸡肉这样拥有潜在（变质的）危险食品是否储存在不安全的温度下。A.Evenso即便如此；B.Forinstance例如；

C.Inconsequence因此；D.What'smore更重要的是。由上文的“toimproveitinsomeway,orprovidebetterinformationonthestateitisin”和下文的“theymayabsorboxygeninsideawrappert

ohelppreventfoodspoilageorshowwhetherpotentiallydangerousfoodslikeredmeatandchickenhavebeenstoredatunsafetemperatures”

可知，上文讲新型活性包装技术可以更好的保护食品，下文对“新型活性包装技术的作用”进行举例说明。故选B项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：已经推出该产品的商店报告说，退回变质食品的消费者要少得多。A.broken

破碎的；B.inadequate不充分的；C.spoilt变质的；D.unnecessary不需要的。由本处的“returning___4___food”可知，消费者肯定是把“变质的”食品退回商店。故选C项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析

。句意：指示器基本上是一个标签，用于跟踪包装的温度和保存时间。A.elevates评价；B.lowers降低；C.projects计划；D.tracks跟踪。由上文的“a‘timetemperaturein

dicator’”和下文的“thetemperatureapackagehasbeenkeptattheandhowlong”可知，在产品包装上放上“时间温度指示器”，是为了跟踪包装的温度和保存时间（以便提供有关产品状态的更好信息）

。故选D项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中心环含有一种可以聚合的化学物质，在聚合过程中颜色会从透明变暗。A.neutral中立的；B.plain坦诚的；C.clear清晰的；D.cloudy多云的。由上文的“Thelabelhasadarkringaroundalightercirc

le.”和本处的“changingcolourasitdoessofrom___6___todark”可知，指示器是一个周围有较亮圆圈的深色环，说明指示器的颜色会由明到暗，此处谈及颜色的变化，应该是由清晰变暗淡。

故选C项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当内圈变暗时，意味着产品不再保证新鲜。A.guaranteed保证；B.observed观察；C.purchased购买；D.recognized认出。由上文的“Thelabelhasadarkri

ngaroundalightercircle.”和本处的“theproductisnolonger___7___fresh”可知，指示器的颜色会由明到暗，如果指示器颜色变暗，说明产品不再保证新鲜。故选A项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：智能包装还可以控制容器内的气体成分。A.c

omposition成分；B.context语境；C.temperature温度；D.tightness紧张。由下文的“oxygen(O2)andcarbondioxide(CO2)”和“California

istryingtosolvetheproblemwithawrapperitcalls‘Intelimer’whichchangesitspermeability(渗透)asthetemperaturechange

sinawaythatkeepsdifferentproducesattheirbestO2/CO2___10___.”可知，加利福尼亚州一家公司研发的名为“Intelimer”的包装物可以使不同的产品保持最佳的O2/CO2浓度，说明智能包装还

可以控制容器内的气体成分。故选A项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这在密封包装中很难控制，因为随着包装温度的升高，蔬菜消耗更多的氧气，释放更多的二氧化碳。A.generate引起；B.consume消耗；C.affect影响；D.integrate整合。由本处的“gi

veoffmorecarbondioxide”可知，只有消耗氧气，才会释放二氧化碳。故选B项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：加利福尼亚州的一家公司正试图用一种被称为“Intelimer”的包装

物来解决这个问题，这种包装物随着温度的变化而改变其渗透性，从而使不同的产品保持最佳的O2/CO2浓度。A.components成分；B.concentrations浓度；C.mixtures混合物；D.restrictions限制。由上文的“themake

-upofoxygen(O2)andcarbondioxide(CO2)withinpackagedvegetableswillinfluencetheirfreshness.Thiscanbehardto

controlinasealedpackage”和“Californiaistryingtosolvetheproblemwithawrapperitcalls‘Intelimer’”可知，传统密封包装很难控制包

装中的氧气和二氧化碳成分组成（因而很难使食品保鲜），而新型包装能解决这个问题，控制氧气和二氧化碳的浓度（使食品保鲜）。故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过使用“氧气清除剂”控制包装内的环境，也可以减缓衰变。A.takenon承担；B.spedup加速；C.turnedaway

拒绝……进入；D.sloweddown减速。由常识和本处的“bycontrollingtheenvironmentinsideapackagewithan‘oxygenscavenger’(清除剂)”可知，东西会氧化，就会腐坏变质，如果清除包装内的氧气，衰变（Decay

）就会减缓。故选D项。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前，这是通过在包装中放置一个装满铁粉的小袋子来实现的——当铁氧化时，包装中的任何氧气都会被铁消耗掉。A.Theoretically理论上地；B.Apparently明显地；C.Surprisingly惊讶地；D.Currentl

y目前。由下文的“thisisachievedbyplacingasmallbagfilledwithironpowderinthepackage—anyoxygeninthepackageisconsumedbytheironasitoxidises”可知，清

除包装内的氧气，目前通过包装中放置一个装满铁粉的小袋子实现了。故选D项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，消费者不喜欢发现标有“不要在食物中进食”的小袋子，因此新泽西州的一家公司正在制造一种自身消耗氧气的包装。A.resist抵制；B.mind介意；C.fav

or喜欢；D.protest抗议。由下文的“soacompanyinNewJerseyismakingawrapthatitselfconsumesoxygen”可知，新泽西州的一家公司正在制造一种自身消耗氧气的包装，说明标有“不要

在食物中进食”的铁粉小袋子不受欢迎，消费者不喜欢。故选C项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该材料包括可氧化聚合物的内层，这种可氧化聚合物以与铁相同的方式捕获氧。A.metal金属；B.form形

式；C.powder粉末；D.material材料。由下文的“aninnerlayerofanoxidisablepolymer”可知，此处讲这种材料的构成。故选D项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：

据预测，20%至40%的食品包装不久将拥有活性保鲜能力。A.effective有效的；B.productive多产的；C.active活性的；D.inviting诱人的。由上文语境可知，文章介绍了一款可以让食物保持新鲜的新型活性包装技术“时间温度指示器”，通过活性包装使食品

保鲜，此处是推测未来有部分包装食品将拥有活性保鲜能力。故选C项。SectionB（40分）Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstat

ements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)It’sanann

ualargument.Doweordowenotgoonholiday?Mypartnersaysnobecausetheboilercouldgo,ortherooffalloff,andwehavenosavingstosaveus.

Isayyouonlyliveonceandweworkhardandwhat’sthepointifyoucan’tgoonholiday.Thejoyofarecessionmeansnoargumentnextyear---wejustwon’tgo.Sincemoneyis

knowntobeoneofthethingsmostlikelytobringarelationshiptoitsknees,weshouldbegrateful.Formanyfamiliestherecessionmeans

morethannotbookingaholiday.AYouGovpollof2,000peoplefound22%saidtheywerearguingmorewiththeirpartnersbecauseofconcernsaboutmoney.What’sle

sscleariswhetherdivorceandseparationratesriseinarecession---financialpressuresmeancouplesarguemorebutmake

splittinguplessaffordable.Arecentresearchshowsargumentsaboutmoneywereespeciallydamagingtocouples.Disputeswerecharacte

risedbyintenseverbalaggression,tendedtoberepeatedandnotresolved,andmademen,morethanwomen,extremelyangry.KimStephen

son,anoccupationalpsychologist,believesmoneyissuchabigdealbecauseofwhatitsymbolizes,whichmaybedifferentthingstomenandwomen.“Peoplecansaythesameth

ingsaboutmoneybuthavedifferentideasofwhatit’sfor,”heexplains.“They’llsayit’stosave,tospend,forsecurity,

forfreedom,toshowsomeoneyoulovethem.”Hesaysmenaremorelikelytoseemoneyasawayofbuyingstatusandofshowingtheirparentsthatthey’

veachievedsomething.“Thebiggestproblemisthatcouplesassumeeachotherknowswhat’sgoingonwiththeirfinances,buttheydon’t.Thereseems

tobemoreofataboo（禁忌）abouttalkingaboutmoneythanaboutdeath.Butyoubothneedtoknowwhatyou’redoing,who’spayingwhatintothejointaccountandhowmuchyou

keepseparately.Inahealthyrelationship,youdon’thavetoagreeaboutmoney,butyouhavetotalkaboutit.”56.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutvacationing?A.Peopleenj

oyitallthemoreduringarecession.B.Itisthechiefcauseoffamilydisputes.C.Itmakesallthehardworkworthwhile.D.Fewpeoplecanafforditwit

houtworkinghard.57.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“moneyisknown…tobringarelationshiptoitsknees”(Lines1-2,Para.

2)?A.Moneyisconsideredtobetherootofallevils.B.Fewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofmoney.C.Somepeoplesacrificetheirdignityformo

ney.D.Disputesovermoneymayruinarelationship.58.TheYouGovpollof2,000peopleindicatesthatinarecession________.A.conflictsbe

tweencouplestendtoriseB.couplesshowmoreconcernforeachotherC.itismoreexpensiveforcouplestosplitupD.divorcea

ndseparationratesincrease59.Theauthorsuggestsattheendofthepassagethatcouplesshould________.A.puttheirmoneytogetherinsteadofkeepingitseparate

lyB.makeeffortstoreachagreementontheirfamilybudgetsC.discussmoneymatterstomaintainahealthyrelationshipD.avoidarguingab

outmoneymatterstoremainromantic【答案】56.C57.D58.A59.C【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述在经济衰退时期人们对钱的看法和人们的关系状况。【56题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Isayyouonlyli

veonceandweworkhardandwhat’sthepointifyoucan’tgoonholiday.”(我说你只活一次，我们努力工作，如果你不能去度假，那还有什么意义。)可知，在作者看来，度假

才使得努力工作有意义。故选C。【57题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“moneyisknowntobeoneofthethingsmostlikelytobringarelationshiptoitsknees”(钱被认为是最有可能让一段关系破裂的东西之一)可知，作者认为说关于钱的话题会

毁掉人们之间的关系。故选D。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“financialpressuresmeancouplesarguemore”(经济压力意味着夫妻争吵更多)可知，YouGov对2000人进行民意调查发现

，在经济衰退期间，经济压力意味着夫妻争吵更多。故选A。【59题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inahealthyrelationship,youdon’thavetoagreeaboutmoney,buty

ouhavetotalkaboutit.”(在一段健康的关系中，你们不需要在钱的问题上达成一致，但你们必须谈论这个问题。)可知，作者建议，要想保持夫妻之间的健康关系，必须要讨论钱的问题。故选C。(B)Onedictionarybroadlydefines

theword“crisis”as“acrucialturningpointintheprogressofanaffairorofaseriesofevents,asinpolitics,business,astory,orplay…”T

hispaperwillattempttodefineamuchnarrowerbutextremelysignificantaspectofcrisis:personalcrisis.Sometimesourmoreorlesssteadypr

ogressthroughlifecomestoajoltinghalt(止步).Somethingunexpected,shocking,frightening,threatening,anddisastroushappens---acrisis.Sucha

developmentcandisturbrelationships,interferewithworkefficiency,andcauseconfusion,disorganization,andseriousemotional的upheaval

(剧变).Solutionsthathaveworkedforusinsolvingpastproblemsnolongerproveadequate.Asanxietyincreases,ourpowerstocopewithitcorrespondin

glydecrease.Thecrisisquicklyleadstofrustration;wefeelhelplesseithertoescapefromtheproblemortoresolveitsucces

sfully.Manypeoplethinkofcrisisasbeingconnectedonlywithunhappyorunpleasantevents.Thisisnotthecase.Crisiscanoccurasaresultofany

change,evenonethatisgenerallywelcomed:marriage,birthofachild,graduationfromschoolorcollege,orelectiontopublicoffice.Crisesaregenerallyoftwo

types.First,therearetheexpected,maturationalcrisesweexperienceattimesoflifedevelopmentandchange.Examplesofthisincludeach

ild’sfirstenrollmentinschoolorhistransferatalateragetonewschool.Theseeventsmayprecipitate(促成)acrisis-

--bothfortheyoungsterandhisparents.Anothertimewhencrisiscanbeexpectedisduringadolescence.Thesecondtypeofcrisisisthe

unexpected,accidentalkind.Thiscanstemfrommanysources:becominginvolvedinalegalsuit,havinganautomobilescrash,beingfiredfroma

job,losingalargesumofmoney,orfallingsuddenlyill.Severeillnesswillcreateacrisisnotonlyfortheindividual

concernedbutalsoforhisfamily.Andanillnessmayitselfbecausedbyanemotionalcrisis,suchasthedeathofaspouse

,offspring,orsibling.Inarecentattitudesurvey,researchersgatheredinformationtodeterminewhichcrisissituationsinlifeweremostlikelytoprecede(领先于)illn

ess.Thestudyshowedthatthethreemoststressfullifeeventsweredeathofaspouse,divorce,andmaritalseparation.Othereventsthatfelltowardthetop

ofthecrisisscalewereajailterm,deathofaclosefamilymember,personalinjuryorillness,marriage,losingone’sj

ob,maritalresolution,retirement,changeinthehealthofafamilymember,pregnancy,gainofanewfamilymember,businessreadjustment,andchangeinfi

nancialstate.60.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostproperdefinitionof“crisis”?A.Apointormomentofgreatdanger,difficul

ty,oruncertainty.B.Acrucialturningpointintheprocessofanaffairorofaseriesofevents,eitherexpectedorunexpected.C.T

hetimeinaseriousillnessatwhichthereisasuddenchangeforbetterorworse.D.Aresultofchange.61.Allthefollowingm

aybecausesofacrisisEXCEPT________.A.pregnancyB.graduationfromhighschoolC.steadyprogressthroughlifeD.adolescence62.Theword“maturati

onal”inline1Paragraph4mostprobablymeans________.A.relatedtogrowthB.relatedtoyoungstersC.pleasantD.welcomed63.Illness

,intheauthor’sopinion,is________crisis.A.acauseofB.aresultofC.neitheracausenoraresultofD.eitheracauseoraresultof【答案】60.B61.C62.A63.D【解析】【分析】这是一

篇说明文。文章从危机的一个更狭窄但极其重要的方面——个人危机来介绍危机的定义。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“acrucialturningpointintheprogressofanaffairor

ofaseriesofevents”(转折点一个事件或一系列事件进展中的关键转折点)可知，“crisis”是一个转折点，根据第一段最后一句“Thispaperwillattempttodefineamuchnarrowerbutextremelysignificantaspectofcrisi

s:personalcrisis.”(本文将试图定义危机的一个更狭窄但极其重要的方面：个人危机。)可知，本文中讲的是更为狭窄的个人危机，根据第四段第一句“Crisesaregenerallyoftwotypes.”(危机一般分为两种类型。)，第二句中的“First,therearetheexp

ected”(首先是预期)和第五段第一句“Thesecondtypeofcrisisistheunexpected,accidentalkind.”(第二种是意外的、偶然的危机。)可知，危机分类为预期的和意外的。所以危机是

指转折点在某一事件或一系列事件过程中的关键转折点，无论是预期的还是意外的。故选B。【61题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Crisiscanoccurasaresultofanychange,evenonethatisgenerallywelcomed:marriage,birthof

achild,graduationfromschoolorcollege,orelectiontopublicoffice.”(任何变化都可能导致危机，即使是普遍受欢迎的变化：结婚、生孩子、中学或大学毕业或当选公职。)可知，导致危机的原因通常是变化，生命的稳定进程不属于变化，所以选项C不可

能是导致危机的原因。故选C。【62题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句“Examplesofthisincludeachild’sfirstenrollmentinschoolorhistransferatalaterageto

newschool.”(这方面的例子包括孩子第一次入学或他在较晚的年龄转到新的学校。)可知，maturationalcrises是指与成长有关的危机，所以maturational意为“与成长有关的”。故选A。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句和第四句“Severeillnesswi

llcreateacrisisnotonlyfortheindividualconcernedbutalsoforhisfamily.Andanillnessmayitselfbecausedbyanemotionalcrisis,suchasthedeathofaspouse,offsp

ring,orsibling.”(严重的疾病不仅会给有关个人带来危机，也会给他的家庭带来危机。疾病本身可能是由情绪危机引起的，比如配偶、子女或兄弟姐妹的死亡。)可知，疾病既可以是危机的原因也可以是其结果。故选D。(C)Ofthemanypossibl

eresponsestoadropinblood-glucose(血糖)levels,noneisquitesocolorful,soof-the-moment,asbeinghangry.Hangryishot.Sciencewilltellyou

thattherearephysiologicalexplanationsforhanger—thatis,theoverwhelmingangeronefeelswhendeprivedoffoodfortoolong.Asweallkn

ow,thisangeroftenendsinaggressiondirectedatthosewhodon’tdeserveit,eventhoughwecouldhavebeenatdinnerahalf-houra

go.Anyway,beinghangryisarealthing,andsoisHangry,anewrestaurantinNewHydeParkthatisitselfcolorfulandof-the-moment.Thefive-table

s-and-take-outestablishment,whichopenedJan.24andasofthiswritingdoesnotyethaveitsmenuonline,isahalal(清真的)placewithsomethingextra.T

hatsomethingextra?Pizza,burgers,hotdogsandmore.“It’slikeahalalcarnival,”saidmydinnercompanion,referringnotjusttoH

angry’smenubutitsfun,attractivedecorations.Limegreenwallsarebrightlypaintedwith1950s-stylecomicbookdrawingsoficonspastandpresent:Al

Pacinocirca“Scarface,”DCvillainHarleyQuinn,theJoker,WalterWhiteof“BreakingBad”andmore.“Hip”and“chill”and“sick”areamongthetermsearlydinershaveused

todescribeHangry,whichisalreadydevelopingayoungandloyalcrowd,andthefoodhasmetwithsimilarpraise.Themostpopularp

resswichsofar,itseems,issomethingcalledtheHeisenburg($8.49),achickenpaniniwithmozzarellacheesesticks,Frenchfriesandmore.Whateveruncerta

intyourtablemighthavehadabouttheHeisenburgwasquicklydispelledafterafewbites.Therewasajuicyunusualnesstoit,butitworked.Al

mostastastywastheMacDaddyburger,inwhichgoodqualitybeefsitsonathinspacklingofmac’ncheese.Atopthebeefaresomestripsofbacon,

andatopthatalayerof—whynot?—barbecuedpotatochips.Itallmakesforaratherunwieldy(笨拙的)sandwichthatquicklycol

lapsesafterafewbites,andIcan’tsayI’dbeenhangryforsuchaflavorcombination.Thenagain,noneofthatstoppedmefromeatingthewholething

inamatterofminutes.Stilltotryonthe100%-halalmenu:ahotdogcalledMyLittleFriend($5)dressedwithpeppersandcrumbledKurkure,anIndianchipthattasteslikecur

ry-flavoredCheetos;fiveflavorsofwings;severalpizzasbytheslice;andJuWannaPlayRuff,whichmightbethegruffestnameeverassignedtoaveggiesandwich(

tomato,mushrooms,pestoandmozzarella).Butourfirstmealwaspleasantenough.Ourglucosenumbershavingreturnedtobaseline,wedepartedcalm,andtotallypuzz

ledastowhatwewerehangryaboutitinthefirstplace.Hangryisat725HillsideAve.inNewHydePark,516-629-7102.Openinghoursare10a.m.to10p.

m.,sevendaysaweek.64.Whenpeoplefeelhangry,they__________.A.havehadenoughtoeatandfeelcomfortableB.arelostinthoughta

ndprefertostayaloneC.feelangryatthosewhodon’tdispleasethemD.eatanythingwhetheritisdeliciousornot65.Wh

ichofthefollowingisNOTthefeatureofHangry?A.It’sdecorationandfoodcanattractyoungpeople.B.Therearevariousfa

stfoodswithdifferentflavors.C.Therestauranthasattractedregularcustomers.D.Thefoodmeetstheneedsofdifferentagegroups.66.Whatcanbeinf

erredfromthepassage?A.OnlythedecorationsinHangryhaswonyoungcustomers’praise.B.ThetasteofburgersinHangryissimilartothoseinotherr

estaurants.C.Theauthorfirstdidn’tliketheburgerbutfinallyateitwithsatisfaction.D.ThejuiceofHeisenburgisu

nusualsonotallthecustomerslikeit.67.Thepassageismostprobably__________.A.ArecommendationofanewrestaurantB.Ananalysisoffoodintherestau

rantC.AjobadvertisementofarestaurantD.Areportfromthegovernment【答案】64.C65.D66.C67.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一家叫Hangry的餐馆的菜单。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“A

sweallknow,thisangeroftenendsinaggressiondirectedatthosewhodon’tdeserveit,eventhoughwecouldhavebeenatdinnerahalf-hourago.(我们都知道，这种愤怒往往以攻击那些不

值得的人而告终，即使我们半小时前可能还在吃饭。)”可知，当人们感到饿怒时，他们会对那些不讨他们欢心的人感到愤怒，故选C。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thefive-tables-and-take-outestablishment,whichopene

dJan.24andasofthiswritingdoesnotyethaveitsmenuonline,isahalalplacewithsomethingextra.Thatsomethingextra?Pizza,burgers,hotdogsandmore.(这家有五

张桌子和外卖的餐厅于1月24日开业，截至本文撰写时，还没有在网上提供菜单，它是一家清真餐厅，还有一些额外的东西。额外的东西吗？披萨、汉堡、热狗等等。)”，第三段的“referringnotjusttoHangry’smenubutitsfun,attractivedecoratio

ns(他指的不仅仅是Hangry的菜单，还有它有趣、有吸引力的装饰)”和“whichisalreadydevelopingayoungandloyalcrowd(已经发展出一群年轻而忠诚的顾客)”可知，Han

gry餐馆的特征包括它的装饰和食物可以吸引年轻人，有各种不同口味的快餐，吸引了老顾客，不包括D选项，故选D。【66题详解】的推理判断题。根据第四段的“WhateveruncertaintyourtablemighthavehadabouttheHei

senburgwasquicklydispelledafterafewbites.(我们这桌人对Heisenburg的不确定性在吃了几口之后很快就消失了。)”可知，作者起初不喜欢这个汉堡，但最后满意地吃了下去。故选C。【67题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Hangryisat725Hil

lsideAve.inNewHydePark,516-629-7102.Openinghoursare10a.m.to10p.m.,sevendaysaweek.(Hangry在725希尔塞德大街，在新海德公园，电话516-629-7102。开放时间是上午10点到晚上10点，每周7

天。)”可知，本文是为Hangry这家餐馆搞宣传的，因此本文是推荐一家新餐馆，故选A。(D)Google’s£400macquisitionoftheUKartificialintelligencer

esearchcompanyDeepMindin20l4wastestimonytothequalityofBritishscientificresearch.Furthermore,theinsistenceofthethreeUKco-foundersthatth

eircompanywouldnotmovetoCaliforniawasseenasevidenceofLondon’spotentialtobecomeasuccessfulcentrefortechnologyinnovation.Fouryear

slater,thefutureoftheUKcapital’stechaspirationsandofDeepMind’scentreofgravitylookalotlesscertain.DeepMind’s

announcementlastweekthatitwouldtransfercontrolofitshealthunittoanewGoogleHealthdivisioninCaliforniahasraisedquestionsaboutdataprivacy.Thehealthunitha

saccesstotherecordsof1.6mpatientsofBritain’sNationalHealthService.Afterfouryearsofrelativeoperatingfreedom

,thecompanyisconfrontingthehardrealityofbeingownedbyGoogle.ForGoogle,however,whichhasbeenpatientsofarabouti

tsreturnoninvestment,thetimeforDeepMind’sworktobecommercialised-specificallyapatientmanagementAppcalledStreams-appearstohavearrived.TheUKCompan

yfoundedbyDemisHassabis,ShaneLeggandMustafaSuleymanhasrepeatedlyvindicatedGoogle’sassessmentofitsworldclassartificialintellige

nceresearch.In2016,itsAlphaGoprogrammebeattheworld’sbestplayerofthefiendishlycomplexboardgame“Go”afterthousandsofpracticegames.In2017itspro

geny,AlphaGoZero,diditagain---withoutanyexperthumaninput.Whenalgorithmsbeathumansattheirowngamesitisimpressive;whentheystartbeating

themattheirworkitbecomesunsettling.Thisyear,anotherDeepMindalgorithmprovedbetterthanretinalspecialistsatLondon’sMoorfieldsEyeHospitalatmakingr

eferralswhentestedonpatientscans.Thiswasclearprogress.DeepMind’shealthworkiswhatismostimmediatelyrelevanttoBriton

ssince,throughapartnershipwiththeRoyalFreeHospital,ithasaccesstothedataofsomanypatients.ThemovetoCaliforn

iahasunderstandablyraisedprivacyconcernsatatimewhenbigtechcompanies,includingFacebook,arecomingundergrowingscrutinyforthecarelesswaytheyhaveexploit

edprivatedataforcommercialgain.Moreover,thetransferappearstocontravenepromisesbyDeepMindthat“atnostagewillpatientdataeverbelinked

orassociatedwithGoogleaccounts,productsorservices”.ItisworryingthatatthesametimeDeepMind’sindependentreviewpanel-setuptoscrutinizeitssensitiverela

tionshipwiththeNHS-isalsobeingwoundup.DeepMind,whichseesthemoveasawayofensuringmillionsbenefitfromitswork,claimsthatitscontractswit

htheNHSaresufficienttoprotectpatients’data,whichwillremainunderthestrictcontrolofBritain’shealthservice.Googlehassa

idnothing.Thereisaclearneedforbothcompaniestooffermuchgreaterassurances.Lastyear,DeepMindsetupanethicsandsocietydepartment,whoseindependentadvise

rswereselectedfortheirintegrity.Theyhadareputationforaskingtoughquestionswhichsetthecompanyapartinthetechsector.Ifindeedthefoundersbelievedthiscultur

ewouldbeunaffectedbythegravitationalpullofabuyeraspowerfulasGoogle,theywerenaive.WhatsAppandInstagramm

adethesamemistake.ButforthesakeoftheNHSpatientswhosedataareatissue,itistobehopedthatthesamecultureandintegritysurvivesinCali

fornia.TheSiliconValleymantraof“movefastandbreakthings”mightworkforcompaniesdevelopingsoftware.Ithas

noplacegoverninghealthcareandtechnology.68.Thefirstparagraphisusedto_________.A.takeaboutthefutureofDeepMindB.remindrea

dersofthecostofGoogle’sacquisitionofDeepMindC.leadingtotheproblemsthatDeepMindwillfaceD.highlightingthequalityofBritishscientificresearch

69.WhatistherealreasonofInformationleakageofprivatedata?A.DeepMindhasnorelativeoperatingfreedom.B.GoogleHealthdivision

isallowedtoretrievetherecordsof1.6mpatients.C.Britain’sNationalHealthServiceleakstheprivatedataoftheirpatients.D.Somecompan

ieshavecollectedprivatedataforcommercialgaincarelessly.70.Whichoneisnottrueaccordingtothispassage?A.BothGoogle

andDeepMindshouldofferthepublicmuchgreaterassurances.B.WhatsAppandInstagramarelikelytoleakinformationoftheirclients.C.Peoplefeelnervousaboutalg

orithmsemployedbyhigh-tech.D.TheethicsandsocietydepartmentsetupbyDeepMindmaywork.71.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthe

SiliconValleymantra?A.CriticalB.PositiveC.NegativeD.Ambiguous【答案】68.C69.D70.B71.C【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述随着科技的发展，用户信息的泄

露也随之出现。【68题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Google’s£400macquisitionoftheUKartificialintelligenceresearchcompanyDeepMindin20l4wastestimonytothequalityofBritishscie

ntificresearch.Furthermore,theinsistenceofthethreeUKco-foundersthattheircompanywouldnotmovetoCaliforniawasseenasevidenceofLondon’spotentialtobecomeas

uccessfulcentrefortechnologyinnovation.Fouryearslater,thefutureoftheUKcapital’stechaspirationsandofDeepMind’scentreofgravitylookalotlesscertain.(2014

年，谷歌(google)以4亿英镑收购了英国人工智能研究公司DeepMind，这证明了英国科学研究的质量。此外，三位联合创始人坚称，他们的公司不会迁往加州，这被视为伦敦有潜力成为一个成功的技术创新中心的证据。四年后，英国首都的科技愿景和DeepMind的重心的未来看起来不那么确定了)”可知，本段主

要介绍了DeepMind的未来不太确定。所以第一段的目的是要告知读者DeepMind公司将会面临的问题。故选C。【69题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“ThemovetoCaliforniahasunderstandablyraisedp

rivacyconcernsatatimewhenbigtechcompanies,includingFacebook,arecomingundergrowingscrutinyforthecareles

swaytheyhaveexploitedprivatedataforcommercialgain.(目前，包括Facebook在内的大型科技公司正因为不小心利用私人数据谋取商业利益而受到越来越多的审查)”可知，私人数据的信

息泄露的真正原因是大型科技公司因为不小心利用私人数据谋取商业利益。故选D。【70题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“Lastyear,DeepMindsetupanethicsandsocietydepartment,whoseindependen

tadviserswereselectedfortheirintegrity.Theyhadareputationforaskingtoughquestionswhichsetthecompanyapartinthetechsector.Ifindeedthefoundersbe

lievedthisculturewouldbeunaffectedbythegravitationalpullofabuyeraspowerfulasGoogle,theywerenaive.WhatsAppandInstagra

mmadethesamemistake.(去年，DeepMind成立了一个道德与社会部门，其独立顾问的选择是基于他们的正直。他们以问尖锐的问题闻名，这使得公司在科技领域与众不同。如果创始人真的相信这种文化不会受到像谷歌这样强大的买家的影响，那他们就太天真了。WhatsApp和Insta

gram犯了同样的错。)”可知，WhatsApp和Instagram犯的错是指像上文提到的创始人相信以问尖锐的问题闻名这种文化不会受到像谷歌这样强大的买家的影响的错误，不是泄露用户信息的错误，所以B选项和原文意思不一致。故选B。【7

1题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TheSiliconValleymantraof“movefastandbreakthings”mightworkforcompaniesdevelopingsoftware.Ithasnoplacegoverning

healthcareandtechnology.(硅谷“快速行动，打破常规”的口号或许适用于开发软件的公司。它没有管理医疗和科技的地方)”可知，硅谷虽然在喊口号，但是它并没有涉及医疗和科技的管理，所以作者对它是不认同的。故选C。SectionCDirections:Completethefoll

owingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Isforcinga

femaleemployeetowearhighheelsworkplaceharassment(骚扰)?ThisisthequestionJapanhasbeenstrugglingwithoverthepastyear,ledbytheactivistsb

ehind#KuToo,thenation’santi-highheelsmovement.____72____.ItfirstemergedasahashtaginJanuary2019afterYumiIshikawatweetedaboutbeingforcedtowearpainf

ulhighheelsatherworkplace.HerinitialKuToorequestonChange.orghasobtainedover31,000signaturessinceitwascreatedinFebruary2

019.Inanationwhereupto70percentofwomenwearheelsatleastonceaweek,KuTooquicklyrosetobecomeamajorsocialmediasloganforwomen.TheKuT

oomovementshowsnosignsofslowingdown.Infact,thetermwasaddedtoJapanesedictionariesafteritwaschosenasoneofthecountry

’stoptenmemorablebuzzwordsbyaleadingpublisherinDecember2019.____73____.Oneofthemsaid,“Ifyoucan’twearheels,youshouldtalktoyoursupervisora

ndseekacompromise.Yellingatyourcompanyanddemandingabanonhighheelsisrealpowerharassment.”____74____.AiTomita,21,wasrequi

redtowear5cmheelsevenwhensheworkedpart-timeinaweddinghallwhenshewasahighschoolstudent.Itwasastandingjob,anditwasreall

ytough.“Whilemymalecoworkerswereexpectedtofollowtheirowndresscode,weweremorelikelytobeaffectedbypowerharassment.Women

areputintopositionsofhavingtoreceiveordothingsmendon’tdo,suchashavingtolookgood,”shesaid.Manybelievethemovementhasarrivedatacrucialtimeaswomen

’srightsarebecomingmorewidelytalkedaboutacrossEastAsia.____75____.ThroughhashtagslikeKuToo,“socialmediahas

madeiteasierforordinaryJapanesewomentovoicetheirthoughts,”saysKumikoKawashima,agenderstudieslectureratAus

tralia’sMacquarieUniversity.“Tweetsabouteverydayfrustrationhaveresonated(产生共鸣)withagreaternumberofwo

men.”A.Butsupportersofthemovementsaywomenoftenhavenochoicebuttofollowthedresscode.B.Ifmorepeoplespeak

upabouttheirunfairtreatment,bothmenandwomencanleadbetterlives.C.IntraditionalJapan,KuToohashelpednormalizediscussionsaboutsexism(性

别偏见).D.KuTooisaplayonthewordskutsu(shoes),kutsuu(pain)andtheMeToomovement.E.Itsinclusion,however,hasalsobroughtoutcritic

sclaimingthemovementis“offensive.”F.Womendonotneed“permission”towearwhattheywant.【答案】72.D73.E74.A75.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述“反高跟鞋运动”与KuToo标签使妇女权益得到重视，帮助女性表达想法，在网上找到共鸣。【72题详解】上文“ThisisthequestionJapanhasbeenstrugglingwithoverthepastyear,ledbytheactivistsbehind#

KuToo,thenation’santi-highheelsmovement.(这是日本在过去一年中一直在努力解决的问题，由该国反高跟鞋运动#KuToo背后的活动家领导。)”提出KuToo一词。D项“KuTooisaplayonthewordskutsu

(shoes),kutsuu(pain)andtheMeToomovement.(KuToo是kutsu(鞋子)，kutsuu(疼痛)和MeToo运动的双关语。)”承接上文，解释KuToo的意思，故选D。【73题详解】下文“Oneofthemsaid

,“Ifyoucan’twearheels,youshouldtalktoyoursupervisorandseekacompromise.Yellingatyourcompanyanddemandingabanonhigh

heelsisrealpowerharassment.”(其中一人说：“如果你不能穿高跟鞋，你应该和你的主管谈谈，寻找折中的办法。对你的公司大喊大叫，要求禁止穿高跟鞋，是真正的权力骚扰。)”是对“反高跟鞋运动

”的批判。E项“Itsinclusion,however,hasalsobroughtoutcriticsclaimingthemovementis“offensive.”(然而，它的加入也招致了批评，称该运动是“冒犯性的”。)”说明有人批评“反高跟鞋运动”，引出下文，故选E。【74题详解】下

文“AiTomita,21,wasrequiredtowear5cmheelsevenwhensheworkedpart-timeinaweddinghallwhenshewasahighschoolstudent.Itwasastandingjob,and

itwasreallytough.“Whilemymalecoworkerswereexpectedtofollowtheirowndresscode,weweremorelikelytobeaffectedbypowerharass

ment.Womenareputintopositionsofhavingtoreceiveordothingsmendon’tdo,suchashavingtolookgood,”shesaid.(21岁的AiTomita被要求穿5厘米的

高跟鞋，当时她是一名高中生，在婚礼大厅做兼职工作。这是一项站着进行的工作，真的很艰苦。她说：“虽然我的男性同事被期望遵循自己的着装要求，但我们更有可能受到权力骚扰的影响。女性被置于不得不接受或做男人不做的事情的位置，比如必须看起来不错。”)”介

绍了对女性工作时的着装要求及女性的辛苦。A项“Butsupportersofthemovementsaywomenoftenhavenochoicebuttofollowthedresscode.(但该运动的支持者表示，女性通常别无选择，只能

遵守着装要求。)”引出下文，介绍了对女性工作时的着装要求，故选A。【75题详解】上文“Manybelievethemovementhasarrivedatacrucialtimeaswomen’srig

htsarebecomingmorewidelytalkedaboutacrossEastAsia.(许多人认为，随着妇女权利在整个东亚地区得到越来越多的广泛讨论，这场运动已经到了关键时刻。)”及“Throughhasht

agslikeKuToo,“socialmediahasmadeiteasierforordinaryJapanesewomentovoicetheirthoughts,”saysKumikoKawashima,a

genderstudieslectureratAustralia’sMacquarieUniversity.“Tweetsabouteverydayfrustrationhaveresonated(产生共鸣)withagreaternumberofwomen.”(澳大利亚

麦考瑞大学的性别研究讲师KumikoKawashima说：“通过像KuToo这样的标签，社交媒体让普通的日本女性更容易表达自己的想法。关于日常挫折的推文已经引起了更多女性的共鸣。”)”说明KuToo标签使妇女权益

得到重视，帮助女性表达想法，在网上找到共鸣。C项“IntraditionalJapan,KuToohashelpednormalizediscussionsaboutsexism(性别偏见).(在传统的日本，KuToo帮助规范了关于性别歧视的讨论。)”承上启下，说明KuToo标签使女性权益

得到广泛的讨论，故选C。96．Summary(10分)76.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideao

fthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheadvantagesofsocialnetworkingWhydomostpeoplesignuptoso

cialnetworkingsites?Themainreasonistostayintouchwithotherpeople.Thesesitesalsohelppeopletofindtheirchildhoodf

riendsthattheyhavelosttouchwith.Renewingtheselong-lostfriendshipsisjustaclickaway.Itisveryexcitingtobeabletocatchupwithfrien

dsandkeepupwiththeirnewsonanalmostdailybasisthankstofrequentupdates.Keepingup-to-date,however,doesn’thavetoberestrictedtofri

endsandacquaintances(相识的人).Whatmanypeopletendtoforgetisthattheycanalsousenetworkingsitesforprofessionalreasons.Itisactuallyagreatwayof

findingoutaboutupcomingjobopportunities.Friendsmightknowaboutjobvacanciesthatmaynotbeadvertisedelsewhereortheycanevenrecommendtheirfrie

ndsforcertainjobs.Evenpeoplealreadyemployedcanpromotetheirbusinessonline.Thisisparticularlyimportantforartists,actorsandmusicianswhoca

ncreatepagesdevotedtotheirbandortheatrecompany,andinformfansabouttheirgigs(现场演唱会)orlatestexhibitions.Inaddition,thes

itescanbeusedtoallowthepublictogiveinstantfeedbackontheartists’workandtointeractwiththeirfavoriteartist.Anothergreatadvantageofsocialnetw

orkingsitesishoweasyitistoorganizeaneventwithyourfriends.Thankstodifferentsettingspeoplecanorganizetheirfriendsbydifferentcriteria(标准).Thes

ecriteriacouldbehowclosefriendstheyare,commoninterestsandhobbiesorwheretheylive.Thismeansifacertaineventtakesplace,forexample,anopen-airconcertoraf

ootballmatch,alltheyhavetodoisinvitetherightgroupoffriendstoattend.Somenetworkingsitesofferarangeofquizze

sandgames,sofriendslivingonoppositesidesoftheglobecaninviteeachothertoparticipateandcompeteinavarietyofgameswithoutleavi

ngtheirhomes.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________【答案】Socialnetworkinghelppeoplecontactwithothers,eventheirplaymatesthattheyhavelosttouchwith.Itisalsoawaytofindupcomingjo

bopportunities.What’smore,itoffersmanygamestoagroupofpeoplewhosharecommoninterestsandhobbies.Itiseasytoorganizeanactivitywhichisn

otlimitedbyplace.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍社交网络的3个优点：第一，与朋友取得联系；第二，找工作；第三，提供许多游戏，有助于与志同道合的朋友组织活动。【详解】1.要点摘录①Themainreasonistostayintouchwithotherpeopl

e.②Thesesitesalsohelppeopletofindtheirchildhoodfriendsthattheyhavelosttouchwith.③Itisactuallyagreatwayoffindingoutaboutupcomingjobopportunities.④Thes

ecriteriacouldbehowclosefriendstheyare,commoninterestsandhobbiesorwheretheylive.⑤Somenetworkingsitesofferarangeofquizzesand

games,sofriendslivingonoppositesidesoftheglobecaninviteeachothertoparticipateandcompeteinavarietyofgameswithoutleavingtheirhomes.2.缜密构思将1，2两个要点进行重

组，将4，5两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Thesesiteshelppeopletostayintouchwithothersandfindtheirchildhoodfriendsthattheyh

avelosttouchwith.Somenetworkingsitesofferarangeofquizzesandgamestopeoplewhohavecommoninterestsandhobbiesso

thattheycaninviteeachothertoparticipateandcompeteinavarietyofgameswithoutleavingtheirhomes.【点睛】[高分句型1]Socialnetworkinghelppeopleconta

ctwithothers,eventheirplaymatesthattheyhavelosttouchwith.（运用了that引导的定语从句）[高分句型2]Itiseasytoorganizeanactivitywh

ichisnotlimitedbyplace.（运用了It作形式主语，which引导定语从句）Translation(20分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveni

nthebrackets.77.同学们一看到这些令人震惊的自然灾害的灾民的照片就自告奋筹款帮助发展中国家的弱势群体。（Nosooner）（汉译英）【答案】Nosoonerhadthestudentsseenthepicturesofth

evictimsoftheseshockingnaturaldisastersthantheyvolunteeredtoraisemoneytohelpvulnerablepeopleindevelopingcountries.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型、时态、部

分倒装和短语。根据提示，本句处理为nosooner...than...“一……就……”引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，当nosooner置于句首时主句要进行部分倒装；“同学们一看到这些

令人震惊的自然灾害的灾民的照片”为主句，表达“这些令人震惊的自然灾害的灾民的照片”用thepicturesofthevictimsoftheseshockingnaturaldisasters；“自告奋筹款帮助发展中国家的弱势群体”为从句，“自

告奋勇做某事”表达为volunteertodosth.，“筹钱”表达为raisemoney，“发展中国家的弱势群体”表达为vulnerablepeopleindevelopingcountries。结

合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Nosoonerhadthestudentsseenthepicturesofthevictimsoftheseshockingnaturaldisastersthantheyvolunteeredtoraisemoneyto

helpvulnerablepeopleindevelopingcountries.78.人们对高质量教育的需求和不够充足的教育资源之间的矛盾越来越明显，这一矛盾还有待解决。（remain）（汉译英）【答案】Thecontradi

ctionbetweenpeople’sdemandforhigh-qualityeducationandinsufficienteducationalresourcesisbecomingmoreandmore

obvious,whichremainstobesolved.【解析】【详解】考查时态，定语从句和固定短语。“人们对高质量教育的需求”翻译为“people’sdemandforhigh-qualityeduc

ation”，“不够充足的教育资源”翻译为“insufficienteducationalresources”，“……和……之间的矛盾”是thecontradictionbetween...and...，“越来越明显”用

现在进行时，翻译为“isbecomingmoreandmoreobvious”，“这一矛盾还有待解决”用which引导非限制性定语从句，“某物有待……”是remaintodo，矛盾是被解决，因此“这一矛盾还有待解决”翻译为“whichremains

tobesolved”，因此整句话翻译为“Thecontradictionbetweenpeople’sdemandforhigh-qualityeducationandinsufficienteducationalresourcesisbecomingmor

eandmoreobvious,whichremainstobesolved”。故答案为Thecontradictionbetweenpeople’sdemandforhigh-qualityeducationandinsufficienteducationalresourcesis

becomingmoreandmoreobvious,whichremainstobesolved.79.正如报道的那样，抗击疫情过程中无论医务人员们面临着怎样的挑战和困难，他们都坚守岗位。（stick）（汉译英）【答案】Asisreported,intheprocessoff

ightingtheepidemic,nomatterwhatchallengesanddifficultiesthemedicalstaffwerefacedwith,theystucktotheirposts.【解析】【详解】考查从句、时态和短语。“正如报道的那样”可处理

为as引导的定语从句，表达为asisreported；“他们都坚守岗位”为主句，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“坚持”表达为stickto，“岗位”表达为post，此处应用复数形式，表达各种岗位；“无论医务人员们面临着怎样的挑战和

困难”处理为nomatter+wh-引导的让步状语从句，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“医护人员”表达为medicalstaff，“面临”表达为befacedwith，“挑战和困难”表达为challengesanddifficulties，修饰名

词词组challengesanddifficulties应用nomatterwhat引导从句；“抗击疫情过程中”作状语，表达为intheprocessoffightingtheepidemic。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Ashasbeenreported,intheproce

ssoffightingtheepidemic,nomatterwhatchallengesanddifficultiesthemedicalstaffwerefacedwith,theystucktotheirposts.80.压

力大时，人们往往看有趣的电影来排遣诸如愤怒、悲伤或者恐惧的情绪，所以我们不能否认“欢笑有益健康”这一事实。（laughaway,同位语从句）（汉译英）【答案】Intimesofstress,peopletendtowatchfunnymoviestolaughawayfee

lingssuchasanger,sadnessorfear,sothere'snodenyingthefactthatlaughterisbeneficialforhealth.【解析】【详解】考查句子结构，

同位语从句。表示“压力大时”可使用短语intimesofstress；表示“往往会做某事”可使用短语tendtodosth.；表示“排遣坏情绪”可使用提示短语laughaway(一笑而过，一笑置之)；所以

前面主句部分翻译为Intimesofstress,peopletendtowatchfunnymoviestolaughawayfeelingssuchasanger,sadnessorfear；表示“所以我们不能

否认这一事实”使用so引导结果状语从句，翻译为sothere'snodenyingthefact，表示“欢笑有益健康”可按要求使用that引导同位语从句thatlaughterisbeneficialforhealth.解释fact一词。故翻译为：Intimesofs

tress,peopletendtowatchfunnymoviestolaughawayfeelingssuchasanger,sadnessorfear,sothere'snodenyingthefactthatlaughteris

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