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2023年茂名市高三级第一次综合测试英语试卷试卷共8页,卷面满分120分,折算成130分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题

卡的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后,请将答题卡上交。第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共1

5小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AHerearesomeoftheprettiestsmalltownsacrossEurope,fromhumblefishingt

ownstohilltopmedievalpowerbases.Giethoorn,NetherlandsTheycallittheDutchanswertoVenice,butGiethoornlacksonecrucialthingthattheItaliancityhasin

spades:overtourism.AsinVenice,liferevolvesaroundthewater,here-therearenocarsinthecentersotheonlywaytogetaroundisonfootoronthew

ater.Roscoff,FrancePorttownscanberatherdirty.NotlovelylittleRoscoff,though,inFrance’sBrittanyregion,

whichbuiltitsfortuneonmaritimetrade.Today,it’sacenterofthalassotherapy,usingseawatertotreatmedicalconditions,aswellasabeautifulBret

ontown.Tinyfishingboatsrestinthesmallharbor-withalargerone,whereferriesleaveforPlymouthintheUK,furtherout.Di

nkelsbühl,GermanyAcutehistoriccenter,woodenhousesandlargetowers—Dinkelsbühlhasitall.WrappedbymedievalwallswithavastGothicchurch

,StGeorge’sMinster,itwasthesettingforWernerHerzog’sfilm“TheEnigmaofKasparHauser.”Clovelly,UKDonkeysusedtobetheonlywaytogetupanddownthesteepstr

eetsofClovelly,aprettyfishingvillageinDevon,southwestEngland.Today,theystillhaven’tmanagedtobringcarsin—itsitsat

thebottomofa400-footcliff(悬崖).Instead,goodsaretransportedbyman-poweredsledges(雪橇)andiftouristscan’tfacethewalkbackupt

othecarpark,theycangrabarideinaLandRoverinstead.1．Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoreceiveahealthtreatment?A．Giethoorn.B．R

oscoff.C．Dinkelsbühl.D．Clovelly.2．WhatcanvisitorsdoatClovelly?A．Takeaboattour.B．Driveacar.C．Getaroundonfoot.D．Takeaman-poweredsledge.3．Wh

atisthepurposeofthetext?A．Toamusereaders.B．Totellthehistory.C．Toeducatetourists.D．Tointroducesights.BIm

aginethemostEnglish-Englishpersonyoucanthinkof.NowI’mfairlycertainthatnomatterwhatpictureyoujustthoughtup,thatpersoncomescomp

letewithastiffupperlipandacupofteaintheirhand,becausethat’swhattheEnglishdo.Theycarryonandtheydrinktea.TeaissoutterlyEnglish,such

arootedpartoftheculture,thatit’salsorootedinhoweveryoneelsearoundtheworldperceivesthatculture.Andwhileit’sfairlycommo

nknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothankfortheoriginalcultivationofteadrinking,it’sfarlessknownthatitwasthePor

tuguesewhoinspireditspopularityinEnglandinparticular,onePortuguesewoman.Travelbackintimeto1662,whenCatherineofBraganza(daughterofPortugal’sKingJohnI

V)wonthehandofEngland’snewlyrestoredmonarch,KingCharlesII,withthehelpofaverylargedowry(嫁妆)thatincludedmoney,spices,treasuresandthe

highlyprofitableportsofTangiersandBombay.Thismadeheroneveryimportantlady:theQueenofEngland,ScotlandandIreland.WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCha

rles,sheissaidtohavepackedloose-leafteaaspartofherpersonalbelongings;itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofherdowry.Afunlegendhas

itthattheboxesweremarkedIransportedeErvasAromaticas(TransportofAromaticHerbs)latershortenedtoT.E.A．Thatlastbitprobablyisn’ttrue(expertsbe

lievetheword“tea”camefromaChinesecharacter),butwhatisforsureisthatteawasalreadypopularamongtheupperclassofPortugalduetothecountry’sdirec

ttradelinetoChinaviaMacau.4．WhatdopeoplethinkofteadrinkinginBritain?A．Typical.B．Fashionable.C．Incredible.D．U

nusual.5．WhopromotedthefashionofteadrinkinginEngland?A．CommonWesterners.B．TheChinesepeople.C．Portugal’sKin

gJohnIV.D．TheQueenofKingCharlesII.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．TeawaspartofthedowryofCatherineofBraganza.B．Thewor

d‘tea’camefromPortuguesemarksontheboxes.C．TeabecamepopularinPortugalearlierthanitdidinEngland.D．Thedirecttradelinebetween

ChinaandEnglanddevelopedbecauseoftea.7．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．ThestorybehindBritishteadrinking.B．Thelege

ndofteadrinkinginPortugal.C．TheoriginofWesterners’teadrinking.D．ThehistoryofteatradebetweenChinaandBritain.CWillskippingbreakf

astmakemefat?Thegoodnewsforthosewhodon’thavebreakfastisthatputtingonweightisn’tinevitable—aslongasyo

ucontrolthosehigh-caloriedesiresandstayactive.Researchshowsthatalthoughavoidingbreakfastwillmakeyouhungrierandyoumightmakeupforthatwitha

biggerlunch,thiswon’tnecessarilymakeyou“fatter”—onaverage,thosewhoskipbreakfastdon’teatmoreacrossthewholedaythaniftheydidn’tskipit.Someresearchers

havefoundthatyoumayeveneatfewercaloriesoverall,andendupusingyourbody’sfatreservesforenergy,whichcanactuallyhelpyouloseweight

.However,weightisn’ttheonlyconsideration:studiesshowthatbreakfast-skippersarelikelytoexerciseless.Thismaybebecausetheyhavelowerene

rgylevels-aftereighthoursorsowithoutfood,thebodywillhaveusedupmostofitsstoresofeasy-to-accessenergyduringsleep.Morningfastersarealsomorelikel

ytohaveunhealthy,butappetite-suppressinghabits,suchassmokingordrinkingalotofcoffee.Ifyouwanttoensurethatyoueataregular,nutritiou

sbreakfast,trypreparingitthenightbeforedon’tleaveituntilthemorning,whenyourbrainstrugglestomakegooddecisions.Ifyoudoskipbrea

kfast...■Don’tmakeupforitwithahugelunch,otherwiseyou’llsufferovereating.■Makesureyoueatsomethingbeforeyouexercise,oryourisk“hittingthewall”.■Don’

tmakeupforlackofenergywithcoffee-itcanmakeyouloseyourappetiteandmakeyouanxiousandnervous.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inevitable”meaninPara

graph2?A．Unbelievable.B．Unavoidable.C．Uncomfortable.D．Unbearable.9．Whydosomebreakfast-skippersloseweight?A．Theydomoreexercise.B．Theystayactiveallday.

C．Theyreservetheirbodyfat.D．Theytakeinfewercalories.10．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Aimsofthestudies.B．Waysoflosingweight.C．Effectsofski

ppingbreakfast.D．Suggestionsforbreakfast-skippers.11．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsskippingbreakfast?A．Objective.B．Positive.C．Negative.D．Do

ubtful.DThewires,screensandbatteriesthatmakeupourdevices-nottomentiontheplastic,metalandothermaterialsthatpackagethem-arefillingupland

fills.Somee-wasteisrelativelylarge:oldphonesandairconditioners,forinstance.Othere-wasteismorehidden,suchaselectronicsingle-usemedicaldia

gnostickits,environmentalsensors,andsmartlabelsthatcontainone-offbatteriesandotherequipment.“It’sthesesmallbatteriesthatarebigproblems,”

sayspublichealthscientistDeleOgunseitan,whowasnotinvolvedindevelopingthebattery.”Nobodyreallypaysattentiontowheretheyendup.R

esearchersattheCellulose&WoodMaterialsLaboratoryattheSwissFederalLaboratoriesforMaterialsScienceandTechnology(Empa)

areworkingtoaddressthisproblem.TheirnewpaperinScientificReportsdescribesapaperbatterydevelopedfromenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcould

eventuallypresentasustainablealternativetothemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.Thepaperbatteryhasthesamekeycomponentsasstandardbatte

riesbutpackagesthemdifferently.Likeatypicalchemicalbattery,ithas-apositivelychargedsidecalledacathode(正极),anegativelychargeds

idecalledananode(负极),andaconductivematerialcalledanelectrolyte(电解质)betweenthetwo.Atraditionalbattery’scomponentsarepackagedinplastica

ndmetal;inthenewbattery,theanodeandcathodeareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt,

whichdissolves(溶解)whenthepaperisdampenedwithwater.Theresultingsaltwatersolutionactsastheelectrolyte.Whenthepaperisdry,thebattery

isshelf-stable.Addjustacoupleofdropsofwater,however,andthesaltdissolves,allowingelectronstoflow.Oncethepaper

isdampened,thebatterybecomesactivewithin20seconds.Thenewbattery’soperatingperformancedeclinesasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepape

rduringtesting,thebatteryregainedfunctionalityandlastedanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.12．Whatcanweinferaboutsmalldisposalbatteri

esaccordingtoDeleOgunseitan?A．Theyarenobigproblems.B．Theyneedtobeaddressed.C．Theyshouldbemadelarger.D．Theyareenvironme

ntallyfriendly.13．What’sspecialaboutthenewbattery?A．Ithasacathodeandananode.B．Ithasdifferentkeycomponents.C．Itscathodeandanodeareprintedonpaper.D．Its

componentsarepackagedinplasticandmetal.14．Whatisusedtomakethenewbatterystarttooperate?A．Salt.B．Metal.C．Ink.D．Water.15．Inwhichsect

ioncanwefindthetext?A．Advances.B．Reviews.C．Culture.D．Opinion.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白

处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FoursurprisingwaystoboostyourhearthealthAsmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseis

preventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.__16__“Asmallchangeinyoureverydayr

outinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun,”sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson,aspokespersonfortheHeartandStroke(中风)Foundationo

fCanada.Geteighthoursofsleep.Ifwedon’thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflamm

ationandglucoselevels.__17____18__Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-respectandrelievesstress.Researchiss

uedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.Depe

ndingonthetypeofworkyoudo,volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.Avoidpollutedair.Exposuretoth

iskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.__19__Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandi

ndustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.Laugh.A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20,000

peopleovertheageof65foundalowerriskofcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.__20__It

mayalsoserveasamini-workout,helpingyourcirculationandprotectingthehealthofyourarteries(动脉).A．Bekindtoothers.B．Engageinvolunteerwork

.C．Youshouldlaugheveryday.D．Laughterreducesstressanddepression.E．Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.F．Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactonhearthealth.G

．Evenshortperiodsofitareunhealthyforpeoplewithothercardiovascularrisks第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C

、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,avendor(小贩)cametoourdoorstep,sellingbundlesofvegetablespricedatonedollarperbundle.Mymom’s__21__wa

s50cents,nomorethanthat,butshe__22__tobuyfourbundlesatthatprice.Politelydeclaringthatshewouldn’teven__23__thecostatthatprice,thevendorwalkedaway.Afte

rtakingfourstepsahead,however,she__24__andshouted,“Makeit75centerbundle,andIwillsellittoyou.”Momshookherheadand__25

__toheroriginalofferof50cents.__26__forawhile,thevendorcamebacktoourdoorstep.Thedealwas__27__atmymom’sbid.Mymompaidthemoney.T

hevendortookitwithoutevencounting.Asshe__28__,sheswayed(摇晃)duetoapparentdizziness.Mymomheldherhandsandaskedwhethershehadhadany__29__inthe

morning.Thevendorsaid,“No,Iwillneedtobuysomewithtoday’searnings.”Mymomaskedhertositdown,__30__inside,camebackswiftlywith

somefoodanddrinkandofferedthemtothevendor.Thevendorhungrilyand__31__,finishedthemall.Thankingmymomforallthefood,shewentonherway.Iwas__32__.I

askedmymomwhyshewassomeaninbargainingfor50centsbutwas__33__inofferingfoodofamuchhigherpricetothatvendor.Momsmiledandsaid,“Thereisnokindnes

sinbusiness,butmytreatingthevendorkindlyisfrommymorality,whichisdifferentfrom__34__.Remember,thereshall__35__,beanybusinessinkindne

ss.”21．A．offerB．moneyC．changeD．discount22．A．refusedB．failedC．promisedD．decided23．A．cutB．coverC．shareD．shift24．A．wa

lkedonB．passedbyC．wentawayD．turnedback25．A．stuckB．objectedC．referredD．responded26．A．CountingB．Prepar

ingC．WanderingD．Hesitating27．A．canceledB．settledC．interruptedD．suggested28．A．roseB．ateC．enteredD．refused2

9．A．restB．foodC．moneyD．medicine30．A．lookedB．hurriedC．pointedD．moved31．A．carefullyB．patientlyC．embarrass

edlyD．gratefully32．A．movedB．shockedC．puzzledD．troubled33．A．politeB．honestC．friendlyD．generous34．A．int

erestB．kindnessC．businessD．friendship35．A．neverB．alwaysC．usuallyD．sometimes第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形

式。ChinesestructuralbiologistYanNingannouncedonNovember1st,2022thatshewouldresign__36__PrincetonUniversityintheUSandjoinintheestablishmentofSh

enzhenMedicalAcademyofResearchandTranslation(SMART)inthenearfuture.“Inthenearfuture,IwillreturntoChinafull-time__37__(assist)inesta

blishinganewresearchanddevelopmentinstitutioninShenzhencalledSMART,__38__(integrate)severalfunctionsincludingscientificresearch,transformatio

n,educationandfinancialsupport,YansaidattheShenzhenGlobalInnovationTalentForum.WhileteachingatTsinghuaU

niversityin2014,YanNing__39__(lead)ateamtoanalyzethethree-dimensionalcrystalstructureofthehumanglucosetransporterGLUT1i

nitially.Aftertheachievement___40___(publish)inNature,it_41_,(immediate)receivedwidespreadattentionandpraisefromtheinternationalacademiccommunity.

YanearnedherPh.D．atPrincetonin2004__42__returnedin2017asthe__43__(one)ShirleyM.TilghmanProfessorofMolecularBiology.Yansaidshewantedtosupportmoreout

standing___44___(scholar)andtacklethevarioushealththreatsfacingmankind.Shenzhenoffered__45__rightopportunity,andthecitycanbuilditsplaceintheglobal

biomedicinefield,Yansaid.第一部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46．假如你是李华，你的英国好友Mary给你发来邮件，说居家上网课时注意力难以集中，她担心成绩落后，因此向你求助。请你回复她，内容包括：1.安慰；2.建议；3.祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为8

0左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMary,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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_____________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的

短文。Helenwasayounggirl.Herparentstaughthertobekind,andshealwayswas.Andshelivedahappylife.Unluckily,one

day,hermotherhadanaccident.Herrightlegwashurtbadlyandneededanexpensiveoperation.Herfamilycouldn’taffordtopayforit.Althought

heirfriendsandrelativesalltriedtheirbesttoofferhelpbutitwasfarfromenough.Andtheywereunsurewhattodonext.Oneday,walki

ngdownthestreettoabookstorenearby,Helennoticedanoldmantryinghardtoclimbthestepstoanearbypark.TheoldmanwithAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默氏症)lefthomedaysag

oandendedupwanderingaroundthestreetswhilehisson,Dr.Smith,adoctoroftheCityHospital,hadbeentryingtofindhimbutinvain.“He

can’tclimbthesteps.Helookssoweak.”Helensaidto-herself.Withouthesitation,sheranovertohim.“Sir,letmehelpyou!”Themanmadenoresponse,thenHelenrepeatedit.

Slowlyraisinghishead,themanlookedather,surprised.Helengavehimasmileandthenhelpedhimclimbthesteps.“Yourhandsareshaking!”Hele

nsaidanxiously.“Areyouokay?”“I’msohungry,”hemurmured.“Iwanttowalk…totheparkfor…arest.”Afterhelpinghimsitonaparkbench,Helenrushedh

omeandreturnedwithsomefood,onlytofindthemanwaslyingontheground,unconscious.“Sir,pleasewakeup!”shecriedinanxiety.“‘WhatshouldIdo?”shewonde

red.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Lookingaround,shenoticedawomanstandingmetersawaytalkingonthephone._______________________________________

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__________________________________“He’smydad!Wheredidyoufindhim?”Dr.Smithcried.____________________________________________________________________

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__________________1．B2．C3．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了欧洲最美丽的一些小镇，各有特点，吸引游客前往游览。1．细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Today,it’sacenterofthalassotherapy,usingseawatertotreatmedic

alconditions,aswellasabeautifulBretontown.(今天，它是一个地中海治疗中心，使用海水治疗疾病，也是一个美丽的布雷顿小镇。)”可知，这个美丽小镇可以使用海水治疗疾病，因此想要接受健康治疗的

人可以前往Roscoff。故选B项。2．推理判断题。根据本文最后一句“Today,theystillhaven’tmanagedtobringcarsin—itsitsatthebottomofa400-footcliff(悬崖).(今天，他们仍然没有设法把汽

车带进来——它坐落在400英尺高的悬崖底部)”可知，车辆无法进入Clovelly，所以游客要步行游览。故选C项。3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Herearesomeoftheprettiestsmalltownsac

rossEurope,fromhumblefishingtownstohilltopmedievalpowerbases.(这里有一些欧洲最美丽的小镇，从简陋的渔村到山顶中世纪的权力基地。)”可知，本文旨在介绍欧洲最美丽的小镇，介绍旅游胜地。故选D项。4．A5．D6．C7．A【导语】这是一篇

说明文。文章介绍了英国饮茶文化背后的起源故事。4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“NowI’mfairlycertainthatnomatterwhatpictureyoujustthoughtup,thatpersoncomescompletewitha

stiffupperlipandacupofteaintheirhand,becausethat’swhattheEnglishdo.(现在我很确定，不管你刚刚想到的是什么画面，那个人都是紧绷着上嘴唇，

手里拿着一杯茶，因为英国人就是这样做的)”可知，人们认为英国人喝茶很典型。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Andwhileit’sfairlycommonknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothankfortheoriginalcultivatio

nofteadrinking,it’sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinspireditspopularityinEnglandinparticular,onePortuguesewoman.(众所周知，西方人要感

谢中国是饮茶的起源，但鲜为人知的是，是葡萄牙人，尤其是一位葡萄牙妇女，激发了饮茶在英国的流行)”和第三段第一句“Travelbackintimeto1662,whenCatherineofBraganza(daughterofPortugal’sKin

gJohnIV)wonthehandofEngland’snewlyrestoredmonarch,KingCharlesII,withthehelpofaverylargedowry(嫁妆)thati

ncludedmoney,spices,treasuresandthehighlyprofitableportsofTangiersandBombay.(追溯到1662年，布拉干萨的凯瑟琳（葡萄牙国王约翰四世的女儿）在一大笔嫁妆的帮助下赢

得了英国新复辟君主查理二世的手，嫁妆包括金钱、香料、珍宝以及利润丰厚的坦吉尔和孟买港口)”可知，英国国王查理二世的王后促进了英国的饮茶风尚。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据倒第二段第一句“WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCharles,sheissaidtoha

vepackedloose-leafteaaspartofherpersonalbelongings;itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofherdowry.(当她搬到北方加入查尔斯国王时，据说她把散叶茶作为私

人物品的一部分；这很可能也是她嫁妆的一部分)”和最后一段中的“butwhatisforsureisthatteawasalreadypopularamongtheupperclassofPortugalduetothecount

ry’sdirecttradelinetoChinaviaMacau(但可以肯定的是，由于葡萄牙通过澳门与中国的直接贸易关系，茶叶在葡萄牙上层阶级中已经很受欢迎)”可知，茶在葡萄牙比在英国流行得早。故选C。7．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Andwhileit’sfairlycommo

nknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothankfortheoriginalcultivationofteadrinking,it’sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinsp

ireditspopularityinEnglandinparticular,onePortuguesewoman.(众所周知，西方人要感谢中国是饮茶的起源，但鲜为人知的是，是葡萄牙人，尤其是一位葡萄牙妇女，激发了饮茶在英国的流行)”，第三段第一句中的“Travelb

ackintimeto1662(追溯到1662年)”和第四段“WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCharles,sheissaidtohavepackedloose-leafteaaspa

rtofherpersonalbelongings;itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofherdowry.AfunlegendhasitthattheboxesweremarkedIransportedeErvasArom

aticas(TransportofAromaticHerbs)latershortenedtoT.E.A.(当她搬到北方加入查尔斯国王时，据说她把散叶茶作为私人物品的一部分；这很可能也是她嫁妆的一部分。一个有趣的传说是，这些盒子被标记为Iransport

edeErvasAromaticas（芳香草药运输），后来被简称为T.E.A)”可知，文章主要是讲英国茶饮背后的故事。故选A。8．B9．D10．C11．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文中主要就不吃早餐是否会变胖的问

题展开论述，引用了各种研究结果和发现。8．词句猜测题。根据后文“aslongasyoucontrolthosehigh-caloriedesiresandstayactive.(只要你控制对高热量食物的渴望并保持活跃)”可知，只

要控制对高热量食物的渴望并保持活跃，对于那些不吃早餐的人来说，好消息是体重并不是不可避免的，故画线词意思是“不可避免的”。故选B。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Someresearchershavefoundthatyoumayeveneatfewercalorie

soverall,andendupusingyourbody’sfatreservesforenergy,whichcanactuallyhelpyouloseweight.(一些研究人员发现，你甚至可以摄入更少的卡路里，最终利用身体的脂肪储备来获取能量，这实际上可以帮助你减肥)”可知，有些

不吃早餐的人会减肥因为他们摄入的卡路里更少。故选D。10．主旨大意题。根据第三段“However,weightisn’ttheonlyconsideration:studiesshowthatbreakfast-

skippersarelikelytoexerciseless.Thismaybebecausetheyhavelowerenergylevels-aftereighthoursorsowithoutfood,thebodywillhaveusedupmostofits

storesofeasy-to-accessenergyduringsleep.Morningfastersarealsomorelikelytohaveunhealthy,butappetite-suppressinghab

its,suchassmokingordrinkingalotofcoffee.(然而，体重并不是唯一的考虑因素：研究表明，不吃早餐的人可能锻炼得更少。这可能是因为他们的能量水平较低——在不进食8小时左右后，身体将在睡眠中消耗掉大部分易于获取的能量。早起禁食的人也更有可能有不健

康但抑制食欲的习惯，比如吸烟或喝大量咖啡)”可知，第三段主要讲了不吃早餐的影响。故选C。11．推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchshowsthatalthoughavoidingbreakfastwillmakeyouhungrierandyoumightm

akeupforthatwithabiggerlunch,thiswon’tnecessarilymakeyou“fatter”—onaverage,thosewhoskipbreakfastdon’teatmoreacr

ossthewholedaythaniftheydidn’tskipit.(研究表明，尽管不吃早餐会让你更饿，你可能会用一顿丰盛的午餐来弥补，但这并不一定会让你“更胖”——平均而言，不吃早餐的人一整天都不会比不吃早餐的人吃得更多)”以及第三段“However,weightisn’

ttheonlyconsideration:studiesshowthatbreakfast-skippersarelikelytoexerciseless.(然而，体重并不是唯一的考虑因素：研究表明，不吃早餐的人可能锻炼得更少)

”可推知，文中不涉及作者对不吃早餐的态度，即作者对不吃早餐的态度是客观的。故选A。12．B13．C14．D15．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型的电池，同时讲述了该电池的工作原理以及相关应用。12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Othere-wasteismo

rehidden,suchaselectronicsingle-usemedicaldiagnostickits,environmentalsensors,andsmartlabelsthatcontainone-offbatteriesandothere

quipment.(其他电子垃圾则较为隐蔽，如电子一次性医疗诊断包、环境传感器以及包含一次性电池和其他设备的智能标签。)”以及第二段中““It’sthesesmallbatteriesthatarebigpro

blems,”sayspublichealthscientistDeleOgunseitan,whowasnotinvolvedindevelopingthebattery.”Nobodyreallypaysattentiontowheretheyendup.(“这些小电池才是大问题，”公共卫生科

学家DeleOgunseitan说，他没有参与电池的开发。没有人真正关注它们最终会去哪里。)”可知，由于较小的一次性电池垃圾较为隐蔽，所以很少有人会真正的关注它们最终会去哪里。由此推断这些较小的一次性电池垃圾是亟需解决的。故选

B。13．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Atraditionalbattery’scomponentsarepackagedinplasticandmetal;inthenewbattery,theanodeandcathodeareinksprintedont

othefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.(传统电池的组件用塑料和金属包装；在新电池中，阳极和阴极是印刷在纸张正面和背面的墨水。)”可知，新型电池中阳极和阴极是印在一张纸的正反面的墨水。故选C。14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thatpaperisfil

ledwithsalt,whichdissolves(溶解)whenthepaperisdampenedwithwater.Theresultingsaltwatersolutionactsastheelectrolyte.(这张纸

里装满了盐，当纸被水浸湿时，盐就会溶解。由此产生的盐水溶液充当电解质。)”以及最后一段中“Addjustacoupleofdropsofwater,however,andthesaltdissolves,allowingele

ctronstoflow.(然而，只要加入几滴水，盐就会溶解，让电子流动。)”可知，水是用来使新电池开始工作的。故选D。15．推理判断题。通读全文以及第三段中“TheirnewpaperinScientificReportsdescribesapaperbatterydeveloped

fromenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallypresentasustainablealternativetothemoreharmfulbatteriescommoni

nlow-powerdevices.(他们在《科学报告》上发表的新论文描述了一种由环保材料开发的纸电池，最终可能成为低功耗设备中常见的有害电池的可持续替代品。)”可知，文章介绍的是一种新型的电池，介绍了该电池

的工作原理以及相关应用。故可以推断文章出自先进科技部分。故选A。16．E17．F18．B19．G20．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。日常生活中的一个小小的改变，从长远来看可能会对预防心脏病产生巨大的影响。文章主要介绍了几个这样的改变。16．上文“Asmuchas80percentofprema

tureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,are

wellknown.(通过选择特定的生活方式，多达80%的早产儿心脏病是可以预防的。一些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的。)”提到一些特定的生活方式能预防早产儿心脏病，下文““Asmallchangeinyoureverydayrou

tinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun,”sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson,aspokespersonfortheHeartandStroke(中风)Founda

tionofCanada.(加拿大心脏和中风基金会发言人、预防心脏病专家贝丝·艾布拉姆森博士说:“日常生活中的一个小小的改变，从长远来看可能会产生巨大的影响。”)”提到小的改变也能对预防心脏病产生巨大的影响，由此可知，前后是转折关系，空处应该是引起下文，E

项“Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.(但你可能没想过别的。)”符合，故选E。17．上文“Ifwedon’thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemo

redifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.(如果我们没有足够的睡眠，我们的身体也很难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平。)”提到缺少足够的睡眠会导致我

们很难控制血压，炎症和血糖水平，结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了一些小的改变能预防心脏病，由此可知，空处承接上文，指出血压，炎症和血糖水平得不到控制后对心脏产生一定的影响，F项“Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactonhearthealth.(这些因素都会对心脏健康产生影响。)

”符合，“Thesefactors”指代上文提到的bloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels，故选F。18．此处是本段小标题。由下文“Doinggoodforothershelpsy

ourself-respectandrelievesstress.ResearchissuedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalower

likelihoodofheartattackandstroke.Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo,volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.(为他人做好事有助于你的自尊和减轻压力。201

6年心身疾病发布的研究表明，生活的目标感与较低的心脏病发作和中风的可能性有关。根据你的工作类型，志愿者活动甚至可能增加你的体力活动。)”可知，做志愿者活动能降低心脏病发作的可能性，所以B项“Engageinvolunteerwork.(从事志愿者工作。)”适

合做本段小标题，故选B。19．上文“Exposuretothiskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.(长期接触这种污染会增加患心脏病的风险。)”提

到长期接触污染的空气会增加患心脏病的风险，下文“Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretim

eindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.(尽量让你的户外运动远离高速公路和工业区，当空气质量指数较差时，花更多的时间在室内。)”讲到我们应该尽量避免污染的空气，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，也讲述接触空气污染对心脏的危害，G项“Evenshortp

eriodsofitareunhealthyforpeoplewithothercardiovascularrisks(即使是很短的一段时间，对于有其他心血管疾病风险的人来说也是不健康的)”符合，故选G。20．上文“A2016studyintheJournalofE

pidemiologyofmorethan20,000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerriskofcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseinthosewhoreporte

dlaughingeveryday.(2016年发表在《流行病学杂志》上的一项研究发现，那些报告每天大笑的人患心血管疾病的风险较低。该研究调查了20000多名65岁以上的老年人。)”指出研究发现，每天大笑的人患心血管疾病的风险较低，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出大笑的好处，D项

“Laughterreducesstressanddepression.(笑可以减轻压力和抑郁。)”符合，下文“It”代指选项中的“Laughter”，故选D。21．A22．C23．B24．D25．A26．D27．B28．A29．B30．B31．D32．C33．D34．

C35．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述妈妈在买蔬菜时坚持和小贩讨价还价，却在小贩险些晕倒时慷慨相助，作者感到困惑，妈妈解释说帮助小贩是出于道德，但是没有仁慈的生意。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈的报价是50美分，没有更多，但她答应以这个价格买四捆。A.offer报价；B.money

钱；C.change零钱；D.discount折扣。根据语境可知，妈妈向小贩报价50美分买蔬菜，下文“heroriginalofferof50cents”也是提示。故选A。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.refused拒绝；B.failed失败；C.promis

ed承诺；D.decided决定。根据“nomorethanthat”以及转折词but可知，妈妈虽然不同意加价，但是承诺会买四捆蔬菜。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小贩礼貌地表示，那个价格甚至不足以支付成本

，然后就走开了。A.cut切；B.cover足以支付；C.share分享；D.shift转移。根据“thevendorwalkedaway”可知，小贩说妈妈的出价连成本都不足以支付。故选B。24．考查动词短语辨析。句意

：但是，她向前走了四步后，回头喊道：“75美分一捆成交，我就卖给你。”A.walkedon继续走；B.passedby经过；C.wentaway走开；D.turnedback转身。上文提到小贩走开了，结合下文“Makeit75centerbundle,andIwill

sellittoyou.”可知，她应是转身向妈妈喊道。故选D。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈摇了摇头，坚持她最初的50美分的报价。A.stuck坚持；B.objected反对；C.referred提及；D.

responded回应。根据“Momshookherhead”可知，妈妈不同意75美分的价格，坚持最初的报价。故选A。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一会儿，小贩又来到我们家门口。A.Counting计数；B.Preparing准备；C.Wandering游荡；D.Hesitat

ing犹豫。结合语境及“thevendorcamebacktoourdoorstep”可知，小贩想要卖75美分一捆，但是妈妈坚持报价50美分，小贩应是犹豫了一会儿，然后答应了。故选D。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这笔交易以我妈妈的出价达成。A.canceled取消；B.s

ettled确定；C.interrupted打扰；D.suggested建议。根据“Mymompaidthemoney.(我的妈妈付了钱)”可知，交易最后确定以妈妈的报价完成。故选B。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：

当她站起来时，由于明显的头晕，她有点摇晃。A.rose站起；B.ate吃；C.entered进入；D.refused拒绝。根据“sheswayed(摇晃)duetoapparentdizziness及下一段中“Mymomaskedhertositdown(

我妈妈让她坐下)”可知，小贩在站起来时，由于头晕而摇摇晃晃。故选A。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈拉着她的手，问她早上有没有吃东西。A.rest休息；B.food食物；C.money钱；D.medicine药。根据下文妈妈给小贩一些食物和饮料可知，此处妈妈是问小

贩早上有没有吃东西。故选B。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈让她坐下，匆匆进屋，拿着一些食物和饮料迅速回来，把它们递给了小贩。A.looked看；B.hurried匆忙；C.pointed指向；D.moved移动。根据“camebackswiftly”及语境

可知，小贩险些晕倒，妈妈应是匆忙进屋拿一些食物和饮料。故选B。31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：小贩又饿又感激地把它们都吃光了。A.carefully仔细地；B.patiently耐心地；C.embarrassedly尴尬地；D.gratefully感激地。根据下文“

Thankingmymomforallthefood(感谢我妈妈给的食物)”可知，小贩感激妈妈。故选D。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑。A.moved感动的；B.shocked震惊的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.troubled混乱的。根据下一句“I

askedmymom…”可知，作者对妈妈的行为感到困惑。故选C。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我问妈妈，为什么她在讨价还价时那么吝啬，却慷慨地以更高的价格向那个小贩提供食物。A.polite礼貌的；B.hones

t诚实的；C.friendly友好的；D.generous慷慨的。根据转折词but可知，此处和“mean”形成对比，表示“慷慨的”。故选D。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈笑着说：“生意上没有善良，但我对小贩好是我的道德，和生意上不一样。记住，永远没有仁慈的生意。”A.

interest兴趣；B.kindness善良；C.business生意；D.friendship友谊。根据“Thereisnokindnessinbusiness”可知，此处指道德和做生意不一样。故选C。35．考查副词词义

辨析。句意同上。A.never永不；B.always总是；C.usually通常；D.sometimes有时。根据上文妈妈坚持自己的报价及语境可知，此处指“永远没有仁慈的生意”。故选A。36．from37．toassist38．i

ntegrating39．led40．waspublished41．immediately42．and43．first44．scholars45．the【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国结构生物学家颜宁于2022年11月1日宣布，她将辞

去在美国的普林斯顿大学，并在不久的将来参与建立深圳医学研究与翻译学院。36．考查介词。句意：中国结构生物学家颜宁于2022年11月1日宣布，她将辞去在美国的普林斯顿大学，并在不久的将来参与建立深圳医学研究与翻译学院。resign

from固定搭配，意为“从……辞职”，故填from。37．考查非谓语动词。句意：颜宁在深圳全球创新人才论坛上说：“在不久的将来，我将全职回到中国，协助在深圳建立一个名为SMART的新研发机构，集科研、转型、

教育和财政支持等多种功能于一体。”句中有谓语，前面无连词，此处表示目的，应用非谓语动词作目的状语，故填toassist。38．考查非谓语动词。句意：颜宁在深圳全球创新人才论坛上说：“在不久的将来，我将全职回到中国，协助在深圳建立一个名为SMART的新研发机构，集科研、转型

、教育和财政支持等多种功能于一体。”句中有谓语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰SMART，且SMART和动词integrate是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填integrating。39．考查时态。句意：2014年在清华大学教学期间，颜宁带领一个团队初步分

析了人葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT1的三维晶体结构。空处在句中作谓语，由in2014可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语YanNing和动词lead(带领)是主动关系，应用lead的过去式，故填led。40．考查时态和语态。

句意：这一成果发表在《自然》杂志上后，立即受到了国际学术界的广泛关注和赞誉。此处在after引导的状语从句中作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，且theachievement和动词publish之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动，主语是单数，be动词应用was，故填waspubl

ished。41．考查副词。句意：这一成果发表在《自然》杂志上后，立即受到了国际学术界的广泛关注和赞誉。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词received，故填immediately。42．考查连词。句意：颜宁在2004年获得普林斯顿大学博士学位，2017年回国，成为分子生物学第一位雪莉

·蒂尔曼教授。前后是顺承关系，应用连词and连接，故填and。43．考查序数词。句意：颜宁在2004年获得普林斯顿大学博士学位，2017年回国，成为分子生物学第一位雪莉·蒂尔曼教授。此处表示“第一位雪莉·蒂尔曼教授”，应用序数词

first，故填first。44．考查名词的数。句意：颜宁说她想支持更加杰出的学者，并应对人类面临的各种健康威胁。由more可知，此处应用名词scholar的复数形式，作宾语，故填scholars。45．考查冠词。句意：颜宁说，深圳提供

了合适的机会，这座城市可以在全球生物医学领域建立自己的地位。此处特指深圳提供的这个机会，应用定冠词the来修饰，故填the。46．DearMary,Terriblysorrytolearnthatyouha

vetroubleinstudyingonline.Don’tworryaboutyourfallingbehind.Herearemysuggestions.Howabouttidyingupyourdesk,whichwillkeepyoua

wayfromallthedistractions.What’smore,turnoffalltheappsthatwilldisturbyou.Lastbutnotleast,itisofimportanceforyoutoengageyourselfin

theclassactivelylikesharingyourviewsanddiscussingproblemsbecauseitleavesyounoroomforbeingabsent-minded.Hopefully,theseproposalswillbeofso

mehelptoyou.Bestwishesforyourimprovement.Yourssincerely,LiHua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，你的英国好友Mary给你发来邮件，说居

家上网课时注意力难以集中，她担心成绩落后，因此向你求助。请你回复她，内容包括：1.安慰；2.建议；3.祝愿。【详解】1.词汇积累得知：learn→know建议：suggestion→advice此外：

what’smore→besides参加：engagein→participatein2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hopefully,theseproposalswillbeofsomehelptoyou.拓展句：Ihopethattheseproposals

willbeofsomehelptoyou.【点睛】【高分句型1】Howabouttidyingupyourdesk,whichwillkeepyouawayfromallthedistractions.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Lastb

utnotleast,itisofimportanceforyoutoengageyourselfintheclassactivelylikesharingyourviewsanddiscussingproblemsb

ecauseitleavesyounoroomforbeingabsent-minded.（运用了动名词作宾语）47．Lookingaround,shenoticedawomanstandingmetersawaytalkingonherphone.Shehurried

toherforhelp.“Excuseme,couldyouhelptheoldmanoverthere?”Thewomansmiled,“Sure!”Quicklyleadingtheladytotheol

dman.Helenurgedthewomantodial911atonce.Whentheambulancearrived.HelenofferedtoaccompanyhimtotheCityHos

pital.Shortlyafter,DrSmith,whohappenedtobeonduty,rushedtocheckontheoldman.“He’smydad!Wheredidyoufindhim?”Dr.Smithcried.HelenbrieflyexplainedtoDr.Sm

ithwhathadhappened.Aftergivinghisfatherpropertreatment.Dr.SmiththankedHelenforhertimelyhelp,asking“IstheresomethingIcandoinreturnfo

ryourkindness?”“Yes,please!Mymomneedsanoperation.Butwedon’thaveenoughmoney.”Helenrepliedinalowvoice.Dr.Smithpromisedtoperformtheoperationonh

ermomandcovertheexpense.Movedintotears,Helenhadneverthoughtonegoodturndeservedanother.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了海伦的母亲出了车祸，需要昂贵的手术。她的家人付不起

钱。一天，海伦在街上遇到一位患有老年痴呆症的老人突发疾病，海伦在一名女子和救护车的帮助下将老人送往医院。老人的儿子——史密斯医生为了回报海伦，答应给她妈妈做手术并支付费用的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“环顾四周，她注意到一名女子站在几米远的地方打电话。她急

忙向她求助。”可知，第一段可描写海伦向女子求助，并将老人送往医院。②由第二段首句内容““他是我的爸爸！你在哪里找到他的？”史密斯医生喊道。”可知，第二段可描写史密斯医生为了回报海伦，答应给她妈妈做手术并支付费用。2.续写线索：求助女子——叫救护车——送医院——感谢——回报3.词汇激活行为类①带领：

lead/guide②跑：rush/dash③回答：reply/answer情绪类①.感谢：showinghisappreciation/showhisgratitude/begrateful②感动：moved/touc

hed【点睛】[高分句型1]Shortlyafter,DrSmith,whohappenedtobeonduty,rushedtocheckontheoldman.（运用了关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]Movedintotears,Helenhadneverthoughtone

goodturndeservedanother.（运用了过去分词作状语）